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Zhu J, Xie H, Yang Z, Chen J, Yin J, Tian P, Wang H, Zhao J, Zhang H, Lu W, Chen W. Statistical modeling of gut microbiota for personalized health status monitoring. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:184. [PMID: 37596617 PMCID: PMC10436630 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01614-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiome is closely associated with health status, and any microbiota dysbiosis could considerably impact the host's health. In addition, many active consortium projects have generated many reference datasets available for large-scale retrospective research. However, a comprehensive monitoring framework that analyzes health status and quantitatively present bacteria-to-health contribution has not been thoroughly investigated. METHODS We systematically developed a statistical monitoring diagram for personalized health status prediction and analysis. Our framework comprises three elements: (1) a statistical monitoring model was established, the health index was constructed, and the health boundary was defined; (2) healthy patterns were identified among healthy people and analyzed using contrast learning; (3) the contribution of each bacterium to the health index of the diseased population was analyzed. Furthermore, we investigated disease proximity using the contribution spectrum and discovered multiple multi-disease-related targets. RESULTS We demonstrated and evaluated the effectiveness of the proposed monitoring framework for tracking personalized health status through comprehensive real-data analysis using the multi-study cohort and another validation cohort. A statistical monitoring model was developed based on 92 microbial taxa. In both the discovery and validation sets, our approach achieved balanced accuracies of 0.7132 and 0.7026, and AUC of 0.80 and 0.76, respectively. Four health patterns were identified in healthy populations, highlighting variations in species composition and metabolic function across these patterns. Furthermore, a reasonable correlation was found between the proposed health index and host physiological indicators, diversity, and functional redundancy. The health index significantly correlated with Shannon diversity ([Formula: see text]) and species richness ([Formula: see text]) in the healthy samples. However, in samples from individuals with diseases, the health index significantly correlated with age ([Formula: see text]), species richness ([Formula: see text]), and functional redundancy ([Formula: see text]). Personalized diagnosis is achieved by analyzing the contribution of each bacterium to the health index. We identified high-contribution species shared across multiple diseases by analyzing the contribution spectrum of these diseases. CONCLUSIONS Our research revealed that the proposed monitoring framework could promote a deep understanding of healthy microbiomes and unhealthy variations and served as a bridge toward individualized therapy target discovery and precise modulation. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Heqiang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Zixin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Jialin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Peijun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Hongchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225004, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225004, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
- Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center, Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenwei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225004, China.
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Pharmabiotics & Antibiotic Resistance, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.
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Martins AL, Galhardi Gasparini R, Sassaki LY, Saad-Hossne R, Ritter AMV, Barreto TB, Marcolino T, Yang Santos C. Intestinal complications in Brazilian patients with ulcerative colitis treated with conventional therapy between 2011 and 2020. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:1330-1343. [PMID: 36925457 PMCID: PMC10011965 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i8.1330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This was an observational, descriptive, and retrospective study from 2011 to 2020 from the Department of Informatics of the Brazilian Healthcare System database.
AIM To describe the intestinal complications (IC) of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) who started conventional therapies in Brazil´s public Healthcare system.
METHODS Patients ≥ 18 years of age who had at least one claim related to UC 10th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) code and at least 2 claims for conventional therapies were included. IC was defined as at least one claim of: UC-related hospitalization, procedures code for rectum or intestinal surgeries, and/or associated disease defined by ICD-10 codes (malignant neoplasia of colon, stenosis, hemorrhage, ulcer and other rectum or anus disease, megacolon, functional diarrhea volvulus, intussusception and erythema nodosum). Descriptive statistics, annual incidence, and incidence rate (IR) [per 100 patient-years (PY)] over the available follow-up period were cal-culated.
RESULTS In total, 41229 UC patients were included (median age, 48 years; 65% women) and the median (interquartile range) follow-up period was 3.3 (1.8-5.3) years. Conventional therapy used during follow-up period included: mesalazine (87%), sulfasalazine (15%), azathioprine (16%) or methotrexate (1%) with a median duration of 1.9 (0.8-4.0) years. Overall IR of IC was 3.2 cases per 100 PY. Among the IC claims, 54% were related to associated diseases, 20% to procedures and 26% to hospitalizations. The overall annual incidence of IC was 2.9%, 2.6% and 2.5% in the first, second and third year after the first claim for therapy (index date), respectively. Over the first 3 years, the annual IR of UC-related hospitalizations ranged from 0.8% to 1.1%; associated diseases from 0.9% to 1.2% - in which anus or rectum disease, and malignant neoplasia of colon were the most frequently reported; and procedure events from 0.6% to 0.7%, being intestinal resection and polyp removal the most frequent ones.
CONCLUSION Study shows that UC patients under conventional therapy seem to present progression of disease developing some IC, which may have a negative impact on patients and the burden on the health system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adalberta Lima Martins
- Espirito Santo Health Office, State Office for Pharmaceutical Assistance, Espirito Santos 29056-030, Brazil
| | | | - Ligia Yukie Sassaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sao Paulo State University, Medical School, Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Rogerio Saad-Hossne
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sao Paulo State University, Medical School, Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | | | - Tania Biatti Barreto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Takeda Pharmaceuticals Brazil, Sao Paulo 04794-000, Brazil
| | - Taciana Marcolino
- Department of Gastroenterology, Takeda Pharmaceuticals Brazil, Sao Paulo 04794-000, Brazil
| | - Claudia Yang Santos
- Department of Gastroenterology, Takeda Pharmaceuticals Brazil, Sao Paulo 04794-000, Brazil
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Sninsky JA, Shore BM, Lupu GV, Crockett SD. Risk Factors for Colorectal Polyps and Cancer. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 2022; 32:195-213. [PMID: 35361331 DOI: 10.1016/j.giec.2021.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy in the U.S. and worldwide. Most CRC cases arise from precancerous adenomatous and serrated polyps. Established risk factors for conventional adenomas and CRC include age, male sex, family history, obesity and physical inactivity, and red meat intake. White race and tobacco and alcohol use are important risk factors for serrated polyps, which have a distinct risk factor profile compared to conventional adenomas. A history of abdominopelvic radiation, acromegaly, hereditary hemochromatosis, or prior ureterosigmoidostomy also increases CRC risk. Understanding these risk factors allows for targeted screening of high-risk groups to reduce CRC incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared A Sninsky
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, CB 7080, 130 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7555, USA
| | - Brandon M Shore
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, CB 7080, 130 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7555, USA
| | - Gabriel V Lupu
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, CB 7080, 130 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7555, USA
| | - Seth D Crockett
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, CB 7080, 130 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7555, USA.
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Gatenby G, Glyn T, Pearson J, Gearry R, Eglinton T. The long-term incidence of dysplasia and colorectal cancer in a Crohn's colitis population-based cohort. Colorectal Dis 2021; 23:2399-2406. [PMID: 34041848 DOI: 10.1111/codi.15756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM The risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) in Crohn's disease (CD) has been variably reported. Chronic inflammation is associated with an increased risk of neoplasia; variable outcomes in CD possibly reflect the heterogeneous nature of the disease. The aim of this work was to characterize the risk of CRC in a New Zealand population-based cohort of CD patients with colonic inflammation. METHOD A review of all participants with CD in the population-based Canterbury Inflammatory Bowel Disease Study was conducted. Data on demographics, endoscopic surveillance, presence of dysplasia/neoplasia and oncological outcome were extracted. The age-adjusted standardized incidence ratio (SIR) was used to compare the incidence of CRC in the cohort with the incidence of CRC in the New Zealand population in 2006. RESULTS Data on 649 patients with CD were collected. Four hundred and thirty-six participants (58% female) with ileocolonic or colonic CD were included for analysis. CRC was diagnosed in 13 patients (62% female). The median age at CRC diagnosis was 58.5 years, and the mean duration of CD prior to diagnosis of CRC was 20.4 years. When compared with the New Zealand population (using census data), the overall age-adjusted SIR was 4.1 (95% CI 2.4-7.1). CONCLUSION This population-based cohort of patients with colonic CD shows a significantly increased risk of CRC compared with the general population. This is consistent with the colonic location of inflammation increasing the risk of neoplasia. Inclusion of patients with isolated upper gastrointestinal/ileal CD in similar studies may mask the truly increased risk for patients with long-standing colonic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Gatenby
- Department of Surgery, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Tamara Glyn
- Department of Surgery, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand.,Department of Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - John Pearson
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Richard Gearry
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Tim Eglinton
- Department of Surgery, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand.,Department of Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Mohamed ME, Elsayed SA, Madkor HR, Eldien HMS, Mohafez OM. Yarrow oil ameliorates ulcerative colitis in mice model via regulating the NF-κB and PPAR-γ pathways. Intest Res 2020; 19:194-205. [PMID: 32819032 PMCID: PMC8100379 DOI: 10.5217/ir.2020.00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disorder with indefinite etiology; however, environmental, genetic, immune factors and microbial agents could be implicated in its pathogenesis. UC treatment is lifelong, therefore; the potential side effects and cost of the therapy are significant. Yarrow is a promising medicinal plant with the ability to treat many disorders, owing to its bioactive compounds especially the essential oil. The main aim of this research was to investigate the therapeutic effect of the yarrow oil on colitis including the involved mechanism of action. Methods In 21-female C57BL/6 mice were divided into 3 groups; control group, colitis model group, and oil-treated group. Groups 2 and 3 received 5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water for 9 days, and concomitantly, only group 3 was given 100 mg/kg yarrow oil. Mice were examined for their body weight, stool consistency and bleeding, and the disease activity indexes were calculated. Results Oral administration of yarrow oil markedly repressed the severity of UC via the reduction of the inflammatory signs and restoring colon length. The oil was able to down-regulate nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), up-regulate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), and enhance transforming growth factor-β expression. The oil normalized the tumor necrosis factor-α expression, restored the normal serum level of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and reduced the serum level of IL-6. Conclusions Yarrow oil mitigated UC symptoms and regulated the inflammatory cytokines secretion via regulation of NF-κB and PPAR-γ pathways in the mice model, however, this recommendation requires further investigations using clinical studies to confirm the use of the oil on humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maged E Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Zagazig, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Sahar A Elsayed
- Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Hafez R Madkor
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Heba M Saad Eldien
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Omar M Mohafez
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
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Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Ulcerative Colitis Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2019; 2019:5363261. [PMID: 31781191 PMCID: PMC6874962 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5363261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) patients have an increased risk for the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Our aim was to assess the risk of CRC in UC patients compared with disease extent, disease duration, and geographic variation. Methods In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, scientific meetings, and the bibliographies of identified articles, with English language restrictions for studies published from 1988 to 2018, and assessed the risk of CRC in UC patients. Patients with Crohn's disease, family history of CRC, and colorectal adenomatous polyp (CAP) were excluded from this research. The study was registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42018102213. Findings We included 58 studies that included 267566 UC patients. Extensive UC and left-sided UC had a higher risk of CRC than proctitis UC. Geography also played a role in UC-associated CRC development. The time of malignant transformation in Asian UC patients started after 10-20 years of this disease duration. North American UC-associated CRC patients significantly increased in more than 30 years of this disease duration. Conclusion In a systematic review of the literature, we found that disease extent, disease duration, and geography were strong, independent risk factors in UC-associated CRC development.
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ZINATIZADEH N, KHALILI F, FALLAH P, FARID M, GERAVAND M, YASLIANIFARD S. POTENTIAL PREVENTIVE EFFECT OF LACTOBACILLUS ACIDOPHILUS AND LACTOBACILLUS PLANTARUM IN PATIENTS WITH POLYPS OR COLORECTAL CÂNCER. ARQUIVOS DE GASTROENTEROLOGIA 2018; 55:407-411. [DOI: 10.1590/s0004-2803.201800000-87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer is one of the major causes of death worldwide. Many studies have been done on the biology of its formation as well as its treatment in recent years. One of the factors involved in the formation or treatment of this malignancy can be attributed to the microbial flora in the intestine. OBJECTIVE: This study investigate the potential preventive effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus plantarum in patients with polyps or colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS: A total of 77 samples were selected in the form of three groups including individuals suffering from CRC, polyps and healthy subjects. Genomic DNA of fecal specimens and standard strains were extracted and amplified employing primers targeting of the 16S rRNA gene for initial detection. Absolute Real Time PCR quantification was used to determine the copy of the bacterial expression per gram of feces. RESULTS: No significant difference were observed between age and gender in the mentioned groups (P=0.06). The average copy number of Lactobacillus acidophilus shows Significant difference between the healthy group and those with polyps (P<0.0001), the healthy group and those with colorectal cancer (P<0.0001), as well as those with polyps and the colorectal cancer patients (P<0.0001). CONCLUSION: These results may indicate that taking Lactobacillus acidophilus in people with a family history of CRC and people with polyps may be a way of preventing, treating or reducing the severity of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Malihe FARID
- Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | | | - Somayeh YASLIANIFARD
- Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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