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Usefulness and Validity of a Jaw-Closing Force Meter in Older Adults. Geriatrics (Basel) 2022; 7:geriatrics7060145. [PMID: 36547281 PMCID: PMC9777988 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics7060145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We prototyped a new device with a soft and flexible pressure sensor to measure the force to close the mandible with or without occlusal support (jaw-closing force, JCF). This study aimed to clarify the practicality of this instrument. Healthy young and older adults with occlusal support were recruited. Intra- and inter-rater reliability of the JCF meter was examined using data from younger participants. Data regarding age, sex, body mass index, remaining teeth, and dentures of the older adults were obtained. Furthermore, the right and left JCFs were measured using a JCF meter; occlusal force was measured using an existing occlusal force-measuring device. Intra- and inter-rater correlation coefficients were significantly reproducible (0.691−0.811, p < 0.05). JCF was correlated with occlusal force (p < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis revealed that factors significantly associated with JCF included denture status (p < 0.001), age (p = 0.038), and occlusal force (p = 0.043). The prototyped JCF meter can measure JCF with high reproducibility, reliability, and validity. Further, association with occlusal force, which is an existing index, was observed. This device could be used to measure the JCF with or without occlusal support as a new method of evaluating oral function in older adults.
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Morioka R, Matsuda Y, Kato A, Okui T, Okuma S, Tatsumi H, Kanno T. Oral functional impairment may cause malnutrition following oral cancer treatment in a single-center cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14787. [PMID: 36042270 PMCID: PMC9428164 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19177-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral dysfunction and dysphagia after oral cancer treatment are linked to altered nutritional status. We aimed to identify specific oral functions related to nutritional status. We conducted a cross-sectional study from September 2019 to December 2021, recruited 75 participants (median age: 72.0 years), including 52 males and 23 females, collected background data, and evaluated oral function. The Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) scores were divided into three groups (normal nutritional status, at risk of malnutrition, and malnourished), and a multi-group comparison was conducted for each oral function measurement (microorganisms, oral dryness, occlusal force, tongue pressure, masticatory function, and Eating Assessment Tool [EAT-10]). The primary tumor site was the tongue in 31 patients (41.3%), gingiva in 30 (40.0%), and others in 14 (18.7%). Multiple comparisons revealed significant differences in occlusal force, tongue pressure, masticatory function, and EAT-10 levels, categorized as Type I (Transport type) and Type III (Occlusion type) postoperative oral dysfunctions, between each MNA-SF group. Multiple regression analysis showed a statistically significant association with MNA-SF in terms of masticatory function and EAT-10 levels, categorized as Type I. Type I and Type III are risk factors for malnutrition, confirming that different types of postoperative oral dysfunction require unique nutritional guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reon Morioka
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Yuhei Matsuda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Akira Kato
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Okui
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Satoe Okuma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroto Tatsumi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kanno
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan.
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Relationship between Knowledge and Attitude toward Oral Function in Middle-Aged and Older Adults. Int J Dent 2022; 2022:3503644. [PMID: 36034477 PMCID: PMC9410982 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3503644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral hypofunction is the stage at which recovery can be expected with proper diagnosis, management, and motivation before oral dysfunction occurs. The knowledge and attitude toward oral function can influence the maintenance and improvement of oral function. However, whether middle-aged and older adults with declining oral function have knowledge of their oral function and how this knowledge and their attitude affect their oral function are unclear. Therefore, we aimed to examine (1) the relationship between knowledge and attitude toward oral function and hypofunction in individuals with suspected oral hypofunction and (2) changes in knowledge and attitude toward oral function through evaluation and education. Participants aged ≥50 years were enrolled during their first community dental clinic visit. A questionnaire assessment of knowledge and attitudes before and after oral function evaluation was performed. The oral function was initially assessed with seven criteria: oral hygiene; oral dryness; occlusal force; tongue pressure; tongue-lip motor, masticatory, and swallowing function. Associations between knowledge and attitudes and their changes were statistically analyzed. Fifty-nine participants (93.7%) were unaware of “oral hypofunction.” Associations between knowledge and attitudes and their changes in the negative to positive response groups, from 86.4% and 61.0% to 6.8% and 25.4%, respectively, after oral function evaluation, indicated that participants understood their oral function and the need for training. Middle-aged and older individuals with poor knowledge and attitudes were more likely to have a worse oral function; however, their knowledge and attitudes toward oral function could be improved through oral function assessment and education.
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Murotani Y, Hatta K, Takahashi T, Gondo Y, Kamide K, Kabayama M, Masui Y, Ishizaki T, Matsuda KI, Mihara Y, Fukutake M, Nishimura Y, Akema S, Hagino H, Higashi K, Togawa H, Maeda Y, Ogata S, Moynihan P, Ikebe K. Oral Functions Are Associated with Muscle Strength and Physical Performance in Old-Old Japanese. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182413199. [PMID: 34948808 PMCID: PMC8702148 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Grip strength and walking speed are considered to be important indicators of physical frailty. However, no study has contemporaneously examined any association of multiple oral functions with grip strength and walking speed. The purpose of this study was to examine which oral functions are associated with muscle strength (grip strength), physical performance (walking speed) or both. The study participants were 511 community-dwelling people (254 men and 257 women) aged 77–81 years old. Six oral functions—oral wetness, occlusal force, tongue-lip motor function, tongue pressure, masticatory performance and swallowing function—were measured. Grip strength and walking speed were also measured. A partial correlation analysis, adjusted for gender, showed that occlusal force, tongue-lip motor function, masticatory performance and swallowing function were significantly associated with both grip strength and walking speed. In addition, tongue pressure was significantly associated with grip strength. A general linear model showed that tongue pressure and occlusal force were significantly associated with grip strength. Swallowing function and tongue-lip motor function were significantly associated with walking speed. It is suggested that there are different oral function measures for muscle strength and physical performance, and these oral function measures could be a useful proxy for physical frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Murotani
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (Y.M.); (T.T.); (K.-i.M.); (Y.M.); (M.F.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (H.H.); (K.H.); (Y.M.); (K.I.)
| | - Kodai Hatta
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (Y.M.); (T.T.); (K.-i.M.); (Y.M.); (M.F.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (H.H.); (K.H.); (Y.M.); (K.I.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Toshihito Takahashi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (Y.M.); (T.T.); (K.-i.M.); (Y.M.); (M.F.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (H.H.); (K.H.); (Y.M.); (K.I.)
| | - Yasuyuki Gondo
- Department of Clinical Thanatology and Geriatric Behavioral Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Human Sciences, Suita 565-0871, Japan;
| | - Kei Kamide
- Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Japan;
| | - Mai Kabayama
- Integrated General Nursing Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan;
| | - Yukie Masui
- Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (Y.M.); (T.I.)
| | - Tatsuro Ishizaki
- Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (Y.M.); (T.I.)
| | - Ken-ichi Matsuda
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (Y.M.); (T.T.); (K.-i.M.); (Y.M.); (M.F.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (H.H.); (K.H.); (Y.M.); (K.I.)
| | - Yusuke Mihara
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (Y.M.); (T.T.); (K.-i.M.); (Y.M.); (M.F.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (H.H.); (K.H.); (Y.M.); (K.I.)
| | - Motoyoshi Fukutake
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (Y.M.); (T.T.); (K.-i.M.); (Y.M.); (M.F.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (H.H.); (K.H.); (Y.M.); (K.I.)
| | - Yuichi Nishimura
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (Y.M.); (T.T.); (K.-i.M.); (Y.M.); (M.F.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (H.H.); (K.H.); (Y.M.); (K.I.)
| | - Suzuna Akema
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (Y.M.); (T.T.); (K.-i.M.); (Y.M.); (M.F.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (H.H.); (K.H.); (Y.M.); (K.I.)
| | - Hiromasa Hagino
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (Y.M.); (T.T.); (K.-i.M.); (Y.M.); (M.F.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (H.H.); (K.H.); (Y.M.); (K.I.)
| | - Kotaro Higashi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (Y.M.); (T.T.); (K.-i.M.); (Y.M.); (M.F.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (H.H.); (K.H.); (Y.M.); (K.I.)
| | - Hitomi Togawa
- Division of Comprehensive Prosthodontics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8514, Japan;
| | - Yoshinobu Maeda
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (Y.M.); (T.T.); (K.-i.M.); (Y.M.); (M.F.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (H.H.); (K.H.); (Y.M.); (K.I.)
| | - Soshiro Ogata
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Suita 564-8565, Japan;
| | - Paula Moynihan
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;
| | - Kazunori Ikebe
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (Y.M.); (T.T.); (K.-i.M.); (Y.M.); (M.F.); (Y.N.); (S.A.); (H.H.); (K.H.); (Y.M.); (K.I.)
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5
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Hatta K, Murotani Y, Takahashi T, Gondo Y, Kamide K, Masui Y, Ishizaki T, Ogata S, Matsuda KI, Mihara Y, Fukutake M, Nishimura Y, Hagino H, Higashi K, Maeda Y, Ikebe K. Decline of oral functions in old-old adults and their relationship with age and sex: The SONIC study. J Am Geriatr Soc 2021; 70:541-548. [PMID: 34719784 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.17535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many physical functions decline with aging, but it is not known whether oral functions vary according to sex or decline with aging, as it occurs with physical functions. The present study aimed to examine the association of sex, age, and elapsed years with occlusal force and tongue pressure using a generalized linear mixed-effect model (GLMM) over a 3-year period among old-old Japanese adults. METHODS Participants were community-dwelling older adults who participated in a survey (June 2014-March 2017) and a follow-up survey (July 2017-December 2019) after 3 years (n = 951: 70-year group, n = 466; 80-year group, n = 391; 90-year group, n = 94). Dental examinations including the number of teeth, occlusal force, and tongue pressure were conducted, and a GLMM was used to estimate the association of sex, age, and elapsed years with occlusal force and tongue pressure, adjusting for the number of teeth. RESULTS The GLMM showed that occlusal force was significantly associated with sex (reference; male, non-standardized coefficient: B = -66.9 [female], p < 0.001), age (reference; 70-year group, B = -81.7 [80-year group], p < 0.001, B = -87.2 [90-year group], p < 0.001), and the number of teeth (B = 13.8, p < 0.001), but did not significantly decrease with elapsed years. Tongue pressure was significantly associated with sex (reference; male, B = -0.94 [female], p = 0.034) and age (reference; 70-year group, B = -1.78 [80-year group], p < 0.001, B = -5.47 [90-year group], p < 0.001). Tongue pressure decreased significantly with elapsed years (B = -0.82, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that tongue pressure significantly decreased over time, but occlusal force did not. Tongue-related muscles may be more susceptible to aging than masticatory muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kodai Hatta
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Murotani
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshihito Takahashi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Gondo
- Department of Clinical Thanatology and Geriatric Behavioral Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kei Kamide
- Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukie Masui
- Research Team for Human Care, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Ishizaki
- Research Team for Human Care, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Soshiro Ogata
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Matsuda
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Mihara
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Motoyoshi Fukutake
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuichi Nishimura
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Hagino
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kotaro Higashi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Maeda
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazunori Ikebe
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
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Lin YC, Du JK, Lin PC, Kabasawa Y, Lin PL, Hsiao SY, Huang HL. Association between the dental occlusion and perceived ability to eat foods of Taiwanese older adults. J Oral Rehabil 2021; 48:817-826. [PMID: 33624362 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tooth loss is a common problem among older adults that affects masticatory function (MF) and food selection. Financial burden is a reason that some older adults in Taiwan with this condition forgo dental restoration. To identify the number of posterior occlusal support areas (POSAs) associated with MF. Large-scale cross-sectional study included 1100 community-dwelling participants of Taiwan aged ≥65 years. Participants completed dental examination and questionnaires through personal interviews. Masticatory performance was evaluated using a colour-changeable chewing gum. Masticatory ability was evaluated on the basis of how many of 14 common foods the participants were able to eat. Participants were grouped into 10 categories (A1-A3, B1-B4 and C1-C3) according to the Eichner index (EI) of posterior occlusal contacts. Multivariable regression models were used to analyse the association between the EI groups and MF. More than 80% of the participants with two or more POSAs (those in groups A1-B2) could easily eat various foods. Compared with those in groups A1-B2, those in groups in B3, B4, C1, C2 and C3 exhibited a significantly different masticatory performance (all P < .001) and significantly higher difficulty in eating fruits and vegetables. A dose-response effect between POSAs and perceived masticatory ability to eat fruits and vegetables was observed (P < .05 for both trends). Preservation of at least two POSAs is essential for MF. Older adults with tooth loss can undergo the restoration of two POSAs to improve MF and increase food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chun Lin
- Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Je-Kang Du
- Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chen Lin
- Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yuji Kabasawa
- Oral Care for Systemic Health Support, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Oral Health Care Sciences, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Pi-Li Lin
- Department of Nursing, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Yu Hsiao
- Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Pediatric and Special Needs, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ling Huang
- Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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7
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Lee SKY, Salinas TJ, Wiens JP. The Effect of Patient Specific Factors on Occlusal Forces Generated: Best Evidence Consensus Statement. J Prosthodont 2021; 30:52-60. [PMID: 33474770 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this Best Evidence Consensus Statement was to search the literature to determine if there is a relationship between patient specific factors and occlusal force. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature review was conducted in the following databases: Evidence-Based Medicine Reviews (EBMR), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Embase, and Ovid MEDLINE(R) and Epub Ahead of Print. Articles on patient factors and occlusal force were compiled by using a combination of the key words: "bite force," "occlusal force," "partial and complete edentulism," "bruxism," and "orthognathic class." Inclusion criteria included meta-analyses, systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, case series, and journal articles. Exclusion criteria were case reports, studies in children, animals, and bench studies. RESULTS Of the 1502 articles that met the initial search criteria, 97 related to patient-specific factors affecting occlusal forces. These articles were evaluated, rated, and organized into appropriate categories addressing questions of foci. CONCLUSIONS The range of occlusal force is highly variable among subjects correlated to patient specific factors such as age, gender, partial and complete edentulism, the presence of a maxillofacial defect, location of edentulous area, orthognathic profile, and magnitude of occlusal vertical dimension. Tooth replacement therapies targeted at increasing occlusal contact seem to have a positive effect on increasing occlusal force. Bruxism does not necessarily demonstrate higher occlusal powering but may have greater tooth contact time. Occlusal force is not clearly affected by the type of dental restoration or restorative material used. The clinical significance of the changes in occlusal forces is yet to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jonathan P Wiens
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Detroit Mercy School of Dentistry, Detroit, MI
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8
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Takahashi T, Nozaki K, Gonda T, Ikebe K. A system for designing removable partial dentures using artificial intelligence. Part 1. Classification of partially edentulous arches using a convolutional neural network. J Prosthodont Res 2020; 65:115-118. [PMID: 32938860 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpor_2019_354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to develop a method for classifying dental arches using a convolutional neural network (CNN) as the first step in a system for designing removable partial dentures. METHODS Using 1184 images of dental arches (maxilla: 748 images; mandible: 436 images), arches were classified into four arch types: edentulous, intact dentition, arches with posterior tooth loss, and arches with bounded edentulous space. A CNN method to classify images was developed using Tensorflow and Keras deep learning libraries. After completion of the learning procedure, the diagnostic accuracy, precision, recall, F-measure and area under the curve (AUC) for each jaw were calculated for diagnostic performance of learning. The classification was also predicted using other images, and percentages of correct predictions (PCPs) were calculated. The PCPs were compared with the Kruskal-Wallis test (p = 0.05). RESULTS The diagnostic accuracy was 99.5% for the maxilla and 99.7% for the mandible. The precision, recall, and F-measure for both jaws were 0.25, 1.0 and 0.4, respectively. The AUC was 0.99 for the maxilla and 0.98 for the mandible. The PCPs of the classifications were more than 95% for all types of dental arch. There were no significant differences among the four types of dental arches in the mandible. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that dental arches can be classified and predicted using a CNN. Future development of systems for designing removable partial dentures will be made possible using this and other AI technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihito Takahashi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Kazunori Nozaki
- Division of Medical Information, Osaka University Dental Hospital
| | - Tomoya Gonda
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Kazunori Ikebe
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry
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Abstract
Constipation is a common condition in adults and symptoms such as straining and the sensation of incomplete bowel emptying can be distressing for patients. The nurse's role includes preventing, monitoring and managing the condition. Fibre and fluid intake have an important role in prevention, while first-line treatments include increased consumption of wholegrain carbohydrates, fruit and vegetables. This article outlines the role of diet in preventing and managing constipation in adults and offers practical advice for nurses caring for this group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Thompson
- Information Manager/Specialist Gastroenterology Dietitian, Guts UK Charity, The Media Centre, Huddersfield, England
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10
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Ohara Y, Motokawa K, Watanabe Y, Shirobe M, Inagaki H, Motohashi Y, Edahiro A, Hirano H, Kitamura A, Awata S, Shinkai S. Association of eating alone with oral frailty among community-dwelling older adults in Japan. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2020; 87:104014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2020.104014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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11
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Okura M, Ogita M, Arai H. Are Self-Reported Masticatory Ability and Regular Dental Care Related to Mortality? J Nutr Health Aging 2020; 24:262-268. [PMID: 32115606 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-020-1314-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the study was to examine whether a combination of self-reported masticatory ability and regular dental care is linked to mortality and issuance of new long-term care insurance (LTCI) service certifications. METHODS Older residents in institutions or in need of LTCI certification requirements were excluded, and self-administered questionnaires were sent to 5,400 older adults in 2013; these participants were followed for 5 years. The total response rate was 94.3%, and our final sample comprised 4,824 older adults (89.3%). We used 3 items to assess self-reported masticatory ability and regular dental care. These included (1) decline in chewing abilities of the posterior teeth on either side, (2) not brushing one's own teeth or dentures at least once a day, and (3) not visiting the dentist at least once a year. RESULTS The mean age of the participants at baseline was 75.9 years, and 58.4% of them were women. Main outcomes included mortality (n = 562) or new LTCI certification requirements (n = 1187) during the 5-year period. Multivariate analyses revealed that a poor score on masticatory ability and on regular dental care produced significant adverse health outcomes leading to earlier negative outcomes. The score is considered poor as it increases relative to the 0-point reference. DISCUSSION Regular dental care (both self-and professional care) and maintaining masticatory ability are both important. Hence, public activities focusing on preventive oral health from middle age onward is important.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Okura
- Mika Okura, Kyoto University, Department of Human Health Science, 53 kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan,
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Ohi T, Komiyama T, Miyoshi Y, Murakami T, Tsuboi A, Tomata Y, Tsuji I, Watanabe M, Hattori Y. The association between bilateral maximum occlusal force and all-cause mortality among community-dwelling older adults: The Tsurugaya project. J Prosthodont Res 2019; 64:289-295. [PMID: 31494054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2019.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the bilateral maximum occlusal force (MOF) of full dental arches and all-cause mortality in a group of community-dwelling older males and females in Japan. METHODS This 13-year prospective cohort study was conducted among 815 older adults (395 male and 420 female) aged 70 years or over (mean age ± standard deviation: 75.1 ± 4.5 years). Bilateral MOF in the intercuspal position was recorded with horseshoe-shaped pressure-sensitive film. Participants were grouped by gender into tertiles according to MOF. Demographic variables, chronicity, comorbidity, physical status, cognitive and psychological status, social functioning, and blood chemistry data were also assessed. Information regarding all-cause mortality and migration was obtained from the Sendai Municipal Authority. Cox proportional hazard modeling was performed to assess all-cause mortality during the follow-up period. RESULTS In total, 159 male and 109 female participants died over a median 12.9-year follow-up period, and the cumulative mortality significantly increased with lower MOF in both males and females. The multivariate Cox proportional hazard model demonstrated a significant increase in the risk of all-cause mortality associated with lower tertiles of MOF, relative to the upper tertile in males (hazard ratio: 1.62; 95% confidence interval: 1.05-2.51) and females (hazard ratio: 1.94; 95% confidence interval: 1.10-3.56). CONCLUSIONS There was a significant and independent association of bilateral MOF with all-cause mortality in community-dwelling elderly males and females in Japan. These findings suggested that maintenance of oral functioning contributes to general health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ohi
- Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Function and Morphology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan; Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital, Ishinomaki, Japan.
| | - Takamasa Komiyama
- Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Function and Morphology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshitada Miyoshi
- Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Function and Morphology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takahisa Murakami
- Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akito Tsuboi
- Department of Community Medical Supports, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yasutake Tomata
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Informatics and Public Health, Tohoku University School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ichiro Tsuji
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Informatics and Public Health, Tohoku University School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Makoto Watanabe
- Department of Social Welfare, Faculty of General Welfare, Tohoku Fukushi University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Hattori
- Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Function and Morphology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
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Fukutake M, Ikebe K, Okubo H, Matsuda KI, Enoki K, Inomata C, Takeshita H, Mihara Y, Hatta K, Gondo Y, Kamide K, Masui Y, Ishizaki T, Arai Y, Maeda Y. Relationship between oral stereognostic ability and dietary intake in older Japanese adults with complete dentures. J Prosthodont Res 2018; 63:105-109. [PMID: 30385332 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Oral stereognostic ability (OSA) is a useful indicator of oral perception to recognize food characteristics during mastication. Previous studies have shown associations between dietary intake and oral health status, such as taste perception. However, the effect of oral sensory ability on dietary intake is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between oral sensory ability and dietary intake in older Japanese complete denture wearers. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 164 participants aged 69-71 or 79-81years old, wearing both maxillary and mandibular complete dentures. OSA test was used to evaluate oral tactile perception. Diet during the preceding month was assessed using a self-administered diet history questionnaire. Multivariable linear regression analysis was conducted to assess the association between OSA score and food and nutrient intake after adjusting for age, sex, socioeconomic factors, and occlusal force. RESULTS The bivariate analysis showed that OSA score was significantly and positively correlated with intake of green and yellow vegetables and negatively correlated with intake of cereals among examined foods. OSA score was also positively correlated with intake of vitamins A, B2, and C and α-tocopherol (as a substitute for vitamin E) among examined nutrients. After adjusting for age, sex, socioeconomic factors, and occlusal force, OSA score remained significantly associated with intake of green and yellow vegetables and α-tocopherol. CONCLUSIONS OSA was significantly associated with intake of green and yellow vegetables in older complete denture wearers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoyoshi Fukutake
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan.
| | - Kazunori Ikebe
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Hitomi Okubo
- Department of Health Promotion, National Institute of Publish Health, Wako, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Matsuda
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Kaori Enoki
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Chisato Inomata
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Hajime Takeshita
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Yusuke Mihara
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Kodai Hatta
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Gondo
- Department of Clinical Thanatology and Geriatric Behavioral Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Human Sciences, Suita, Japan
| | - Kei Kamide
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Yukie Masui
- Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Ishizaki
- Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi, Japan
| | - Yasumichi Arai
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Maeda
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
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Ohi T, Komiyama T, Miyoshi Y, Murakami T, Tsuboi A, Tomata Y, Tsuji I, Watanabe M, Hattori Y. Maximum Occlusal Force and Incident Functional Disability in Older Adults: The Tsurugaya Project. JDR Clin Trans Res 2018; 3:195-202. [DOI: 10.1177/2380084418761329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T. Ohi
- Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Function and Morphology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
- Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital, Ishinomaki, Japan
| | - T. Komiyama
- Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Function and Morphology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Y. Miyoshi
- Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Function and Morphology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - T. Murakami
- Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - A. Tsuboi
- Department of Community Medical Supports, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Y. Tomata
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Informatics and Public Health, Tohoku University School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - I. Tsuji
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Informatics and Public Health, Tohoku University School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - M. Watanabe
- Department of Social Welfare, Faculty of General Welfare, Tohoku Fukushi University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Y. Hattori
- Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Function and Morphology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
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