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Mirza A, Watt RG, Heilmann A, Stennett M, Singh A. Social Disadvantage and Multimorbidity Including Oral Conditions in the United States. J Dent Res 2024; 103:477-483. [PMID: 38504091 DOI: 10.1177/00220345241228834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Existing studies on multimorbidity have largely excluded oral diseases in multimorbidity prevalence estimates. The reason behind this is somewhat unclear, as chronic oral conditions are highly prevalent, affecting over half the global population. To address this gap, we examined the relationship between social disadvantage and multimorbidity, stratifying by the inclusion and exclusion of oral conditions. For participants aged 30 y and over (n = 3,693), cross-sectional analysis was carried out using the US National Health and Nutrition Survey (2013-2014). Multimorbidity was defined as having 2 or more chronic conditions. Five medical conditions were examined: diabetes, asthma, arthritis, cardiovascular disease, and depression, as well as 4 oral health conditions: caries, periodontal disease, number of teeth, and edentulousness. Education and income poverty ratio were selected as measures of social disadvantage. Multimorbidity prevalence estimates according to social disadvantage were analyzed on an absolute and relative scale using inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW), adjusting for age, sex, and ethnicity. The inclusion of oral health conditions in the assessment of multimorbidity increased the overall prevalence of multimorbidity from 20.8% to 53.4%. Findings from IPTW analysis demonstrated clear social gradients for multimorbidity estimates stratified by the exclusion of oral conditions. Upon inclusion of oral conditions, the prevalence of multimorbidity was higher across all social groups for both education and income. Stratifying by the inclusion of oral conditions, the mean probability of multimorbidity was 27% (95% confidence interval [CI], 23%-30%) higher in the low-education group compared to the high-education group. Similarly, the mean probability of multimorbidity was 44% (95% CI, 40%-48%) higher in the low-income group. On a relative scale, low education was associated with a 1.52 times (95% CI, 1.44-1.61) higher prevalence of multimorbidity compared to high education. Low income was associated with a 2.18 (95% CI, 1.99-2.39) higher prevalence of multimorbidity. This novel study strongly supports the impact of chronic oral conditions on multimorbidity prevalence estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mirza
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - R G Watt
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - A Heilmann
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - M Stennett
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - A Singh
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Lou J, Wang J, Fu Y, Huang D, Liu M, Zhao R, Deng J. Association between Oral Health and Depressive Symptoms in Chinese Older Adults: The Mediating Role of Dietary Diversity. Nutrients 2024; 16:1231. [PMID: 38674922 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Diet is a modifiable factor in healthy population aging. Additionally, oral health and diet are important factors affecting depressive symptoms. To assess the mediating role of dietary diversity (DD) in oral health and depressive symptoms in older adults, we selected 8442 participants aged ≥ 65 years from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Health Longevity Survey (CLHLS) for a cross-sectional study. Depressive symptoms were determined based on scores on the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10). Dietary diversity scores (DDS) were established based on the frequency of intake of food groups. Oral health was measured by denture use and toothbrushing frequency. Stepwise multiple linear regression and PROCESS macros were used for mediated effects analysis and testing. The sample had a positive detection rate of 44.1% for depressive symptoms, 40.8% for denture use, and 41.9% for once-a-day toothbrushing. Denture use (ρ = -0.077, p < 0.01) and toothbrushing frequency (ρ = -0.115, p < 0.01) were negative predictors of depressive symptoms in older adults. DD significantly mediated the association between denture use (indirect effect -0.047; 95%CI: -0.068-0.028; p < 0.001), toothbrushing frequency (indirect effect -0.041; 95%CI: -0.054-0.030; p < 0.001), and depressive symptoms. Denture use and toothbrushing frequency not only directly reduce the risk of depressive symptoms in older adults, but also indirectly affect depressive symptoms through DD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxu Lou
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yingjie Fu
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Derong Huang
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Ruonan Zhao
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Jiahui Deng
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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Schmoeckel J, Wahl G, Santamaría RM, Basner R, Schankath E, Splieth CH. Influence of School Type and Class Level on Mean Caries Experience in 12-Year-Olds in Serial Cross-Sectional National Oral Health Survey in Germany-Proposal to Adjust for Selection Bias. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2024; 21:467. [PMID: 38673378 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21040467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to analyse the effects of attended school type and class level on the reported caries experience (DMFT) obtained in the serial cross-sectional National Oral Health Study in Children in Germany (NOHSC) for the WHO reference group of 12-year-olds. METHODS Caries data from the 2016 NOHSC were adjusted for each federal state on the basis of two additional large-scale datasets for school type and class level. RESULTS Twelve-year-olds in all grades in Saxony-Anhalt (n = 96,842) exhibited significantly higher DMFT values than 12-year-olds in 6th grade (n = 76,456; +0.10 DMFT; ~14.2%, p < 0.001). Adjustments for school type had effects on DMFT on the level of federal states but almost balanced out on the national level (-0.01 DMFT; ~2%). Due to putatively similar structures of the federal states, the national mean DMFT for 12-year-olds in the latest NOHSC (2016; n = 55,002) was adjusted from 0.44 to 0.50 DMFT, correcting for selection bias. CONCLUSION Selection bias in this NOHSC leads to an underestimation of caries levels by about 15%. Due to very low caries experience in children in Germany, these precise adjustments (+0.06 DMFT) have only a minor effect on interpretations of the national epidemiologic situation. Consequently, other national caries studies worldwide using the robust marker of DMFT should also adjust for systematic selection bias related to socio-economic background rather than increasing efforts in examination strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Schmoeckel
- Department of Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Greifswald, Fleischmannstr. 42, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Goetz Wahl
- Landesamt für Verbraucherschutz Sachsen-Anhalt (LAV), Große Steinernetischstr. 4, 39104 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ruth M Santamaría
- Department of Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Greifswald, Fleischmannstr. 42, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Roger Basner
- Department of Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Greifswald, Fleischmannstr. 42, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Schankath
- Department of Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Greifswald, Fleischmannstr. 42, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christian H Splieth
- Department of Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Greifswald, Fleischmannstr. 42, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
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Ju X, Hedges J, Sethi S, Jamieson LM. Poor Self-Rated Sleep Quality and Quantity Associated with Poor Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among Indigenous Australian Adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2024; 21:453. [PMID: 38673364 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21040453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indigenous Australians score worse on both sleep and oral health. This study aimed to evaluate sleep quality and quantity associated with oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among Indigenous Australian adults. METHODS A cross-sectional study involving 728 Indigenous Australian adults aged 18+ years was conducted. Exposure variables were sleep quality and quantity. The primary outcome variable was Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP14), which has been used to assess OHRQoL. Multivariable log-Poisson regression models were applied to estimate the mean ratios (MRs) for mean OHIP14 scores. RESULTS The average OHIP14 score was 14.9, and the average amount of sleep was 6.8 h/night. After adjusting for all covariates, self-rated very bad sleep quality was associated with 2.2 times (MR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.97-2.37) higher OHIP14 scores than those who rated their sleep quality as very good. Participants who self-reported sleeping 7-8 h/night had 0.9 times (MR = 0.89, 95%CI: 0.83-0.95) lower OHIP14 scores than those sleeping more than 8 h. CONCLUSIONS The average number of sleep hours for Indigenous participants were lower than recommended (7-8 h/night). Our findings indicate that poor sleep quality and quantity, and oral health-related behaviours associated with sleep deprivation were positively associated with poor oral health related quality of life among Indigenous Australian adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangqun Ju
- Australian Research Centre of Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Joanne Hedges
- Australian Research Centre of Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Sneha Sethi
- Australian Research Centre of Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Lisa M Jamieson
- Australian Research Centre of Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia
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Peris-Ramos HC, Míguez MC, Rodriguez-Besteiro S, David-Fernandez S, Clemente-Suárez VJ. Gender-Based Differences in Psychological, Nutritional, Physical Activity, and Oral Health Factors Associated with Stress in Teachers. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2024; 21:385. [PMID: 38673298 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21040385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze gender differences in stress-related factors among active teachers. A cross-sectional study was conducted to examine gender disparities in psychological, nutritional, physical activity, and oral health factors and how these habits correlate with stress and burnout in their work environment. The sample comprised 1037 teachers from Spain, Colombia, and Chile, consisting of 40.1% men and 59.9% women, with an average age of 41 years and teaching experience of 11.8 ± 9.2 and 12.2 ± 8.7 years, respectively. They were evaluated using a compilation of questionnaires with the objective of analyzing gender differences in habits that are associated with stress levels in teachers. The findings revealed that men had significantly higher levels of depersonalization and personal accomplishment, whereas women exhibited higher levels of perceived stress and conscientiousness. Regarding nutritional habits, results were more positive for women, and men exhibited healthier functional habits by engaging in more weekly sports. Regarding oral health habits, women had better oral hygiene practices, brushing their teeth more frequently. However, women showed a higher tendency to smoke than their male counterparts. We conclude that there are notable gender differences that can provide insights for developing strategies to enhance the overall well-being of teachers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helia Carmen Peris-Ramos
- Clinical Odontology Department, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Carreira Míguez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Susana David-Fernandez
- Clinical Odontology Department, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Cultura, Educación y Sociedad, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
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da Silva-Sobrinho AR, Lima NLB, Ramos LFS, Jerônimo SF, da Costa Araújo FA, Sette-de-Souza PH. Access to dental services in an elder population of African descent in Brazil. Gerodontology 2024; 41:54-58. [PMID: 37948317 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated access to dental services and associated factors in a community of Quilombola older people. BACKGROUND Quilombola populations are groups of individuals descended from black Africans subjected to slavery during part of Brazilian history. As marginalised and neglected individuals, they have high rates of negative indicators and require further attention to the social determinants that affect their health reality. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted in the Quilombola community of Castainho, in the Northeast region of Brazil. In this community, 34 older people aged between 65 and 74 resided. We collected self-report data on sociodemographic and economic characteristics, along with oral examinations by the researchers. The primary dependent variable was regular access to dental services. Statistical analysis used Fisher's exact test (P = .05). RESULTS Among the 32 participants in the final sample, 18.8% (n = 6) reported accessing dental services in the previous 6 months. Self-declared individuals of mixed race, with positive self-assessment of oral health, and those who did not self-perceive the need for treatment had lower rates of regular access to dental services (P < .05). CONCLUSION Use of dental services by older Quilombola people is low, and there are differences by ethnicity and individual perception of oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathália Larissa Bezerra Lima
- Graduate Program in Health and Socioambiental Development, Universidade de Pernambuco, Campus Garanhuns - Garanhuns, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Letícia Francine Silva Ramos
- Graduate Program in Health and Socioambiental Development, Universidade de Pernambuco, Campus Garanhuns - Garanhuns, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Stefania Ferreira Jerônimo
- Graduate Program in Health and Socioambiental Development, Universidade de Pernambuco, Campus Garanhuns - Garanhuns, Pernambuco, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Universidade de Pernambuco, Campus Arcoverde - Arcoverde, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro Henrique Sette-de-Souza
- Graduate Program in Health and Socioambiental Development, Universidade de Pernambuco, Campus Garanhuns - Garanhuns, Pernambuco, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Universidade de Pernambuco, Campus Arcoverde - Arcoverde, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Xue C, Al-Jassasi N, Thomson WM, Adam L, Smith MB. Oral self-care among dependent older New Zealanders. Gerodontology 2024; 41:9-16. [PMID: 36779586 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of the study was to describe the occurrence and associations of oral self-care by dependent older New Zealanders. BACKGROUND Dependent older adults who require some level of assisted daily care have been shown to have poorer oral health than their independent counterparts, yet national estimates are lacking. MATERIALS AND METHODS A secondary analysis was conducted of data from New Zealand's 2012 Older People's Oral Health Survey, a national survey that interviewed and examined a representative sample of 2,218 dependent older adults living in aged residential care or receiving home-based care. Survey data were weighted for statistical analyses, and modelling was carried out using a modified Poisson approach. RESULTS Overall, 59.5% (95% CI: 55.1, 63.7) of participants brushed their teeth twice a day, with this rate higher among women, Asians and those without cognitive or physical impairment. Cleaning interdentally at least once a week was less common than brushing, at 25.9% (95% CI: 21.5, 30.9), and that proportion was significantly lower among those with higher dependency or who were cognitively or physically impaired. Almost 9 in 10 (87.8%; 95% CI 83.1, 91.4) used fluoride toothpaste, and adults of high socio-economic status had lower rates of fluoride toothpaste use. Only 15.0% (95% CI 12.4, 18.0) used mouthwash, with this being most prevalent in Pasifika. More than half of those who wore dentures also wore them at night. CONCLUSION Oral self-care was sub-optimal among dependent older New Zealanders. Improving the situation should be a high priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Xue
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Noor Al-Jassasi
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - William M Thomson
- Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Lee Adam
- Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Moira B Smith
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Wellington School of Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
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Harris E. Oral Health Worsened, Visits Decreased in Medicare Beneficiaries. JAMA 2023; 329:789. [PMID: 36811931 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2023.2096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
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Kengne Talla P, Makansi N, Michaud PL, Durand R, Allison PJ, Emami E. Virtual Oral Health across Canada: A Critical Comparative Analysis of Clinical Practice Guidances during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:ijerph20054671. [PMID: 36901681 PMCID: PMC10002179 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, teledentistry was suggested as a cost-effective and promising approach to improve access to oral health care. In response, Canadian provincial and territorial dental regulatory authorities (DRAs) published teledentistry-related clinical practice guidances (TCPGs). However, an in-depth comparison between them is needed to understand their gaps and commonalities so as to inform research, practice, and policy. This review aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of TCPGs published by Canadian DRAs during the pandemic. A critical comparative analysis of these TCPGs published between March 2020 and September 2022 was conducted. Two members of the review team screened the official websites of dental regulatory authorities (DRAs) to identify TCPGs and performed data extraction. Among Canada's 13 provinces and territories, only four TCPGs were published during the relevant time period. There were some similarities and differences in these TCPGs, and we identified gaps pertaining to communication tools and platforms, and measures to safeguard patients' privacy and confidentiality. The insights from this critical comparative analysis and the unified workflow on teledentistry can aid DRAs in their development of new or an improvement to existing TCPGs or the development of nationwide TCP guidelines on teledentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascaline Kengne Talla
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1G1, Canada
- Correspondence:
| | - Nora Makansi
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1G1, Canada
| | - Pierre-Luc Michaud
- Department of Dental Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1W2, Canada
| | - Robert Durand
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Paul J. Allison
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1G1, Canada
| | - Elham Emami
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1G1, Canada
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Woelber JP, Tennert C, Ernst SF, Vach K, Ratka-Krüger P, Bertz H, Urbain P. Effects of a Non-Energy-Restricted Ketogenic Diet on Clinical Oral Parameters. An Exploratory Pilot Trial. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124229. [PMID: 34959780 PMCID: PMC8703871 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ketogenic diets (KDs) may be a helpful complement in the prevention of and therapy for several diseases. Apart from their non-cariogenic properties, it is still unclear how KDs affect oral parameters. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of a KD on clinical periodontal parameters. Twenty generally healthy volunteers with an average age of 36.6 years underwent a KD for 6 weeks. Their compliance was monitored by measuring their urinary ketones daily and by keeping 7-day food records. Clinical oral parameters included plaque (PI), gingival inflammation (GI), a complete periodontal status (probing depths, bleeding on probing), and general physical and serologic parameters at baseline and after 6 weeks. The results showed a trend towards lower plaque values, but with no significant changes from baseline to the end of the study with regard to the clinical periodontal parameters. However, their body weight and BMI measurements showed a significant decrease. The regression analyses showed that the fat mass and the BMI were significantly positively correlated to periodontal inflammation, while HDL, fiber, and protein intake were negatively correlated to periodontal inflammation. The KD change did not lead to clinical changes in periodontal parameters in healthy participants under continued oral hygiene, but it did lead to a significant weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Peter Woelber
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; si.- (S.F.E.); (P.R.-K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Christian Tennert
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Berne, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Simon Fabian Ernst
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; si.- (S.F.E.); (P.R.-K.)
| | - Kirstin Vach
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Zinkmattenstr. 6A, 79108 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Petra Ratka-Krüger
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; si.- (S.F.E.); (P.R.-K.)
| | - Hartmut Bertz
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (H.B.); (P.U.)
| | - Paul Urbain
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (H.B.); (P.U.)
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Matsuda S, Yoshida H, Yoshimura H, Goi T, Yoshida Y, Iwasaki H. Has the COVID-19 pandemic influenced the oral health and nutritional status of elderly patients with digestive cancer?: A retrospective study in Fukui, Japan. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27500. [PMID: 34622884 PMCID: PMC8500633 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected various aspects, including socioeconomic status and health. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on oral health based on the number of teeth that contribute to mastication, and the nutritional status of elderly patients with digestive cancers.The authors defined the before and during COVID-19 periods in this study as January 2019 to December 2019 and January 2020 to December 2020, respectively. Patients with digestive cancer who underwent general, laboratory, and orthopantomograph examinations for preoperative oral health assessment before general anesthesia participated in this study. The authors investigated the following general characteristics: (1) sex, (2) age, and (3) the organ affected by disease and scheduled for surgery under general anesthesia. The authors collected information about (4) the number of teeth that could contribute to mastication as a clinical oral health parameter. The parameters: (5) body mass index, (6) serum total protein levels, and (7) serum albumin levels were used to indicate the nutritional status.A total of 233 elderly patients with digestive cancer participated in this study. There was no significant difference between the age of the patients with digestive cancer. There was also no significant difference in the number of teeth that could contribute to mastication. Additionally, there was no significant difference in nutritional status as indicated by the body mass index, serum total protein levels, and serum albumin levels.This study showed that the COVID-19 pandemic during 2020 did not have a significant influence on the oral health and nutritional status of elderly patients with digestive cancer. However, the influence of COVID-19 on community oral health may become apparent in the future. Thus, dental professionals should continue further research regarding the effects of COVID-19 on oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinpei Matsuda
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Unit of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Hisato Yoshida
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Unit of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Yoshimura
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Unit of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Takanori Goi
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Yoshio Yoshida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
- Center for Preoperative Assessment, University of Fukui Hospital, Fukui, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Iwasaki
- Division of Infection Control, University of Fukui Hospital, Fukui, Japan
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12
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Akmal Muhamat N, Hasan R, Saddki N, Mohd Arshad MR, Ahmad M. Development and usability testing of mobile application on diet and oral health. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257035. [PMID: 34495979 PMCID: PMC8425540 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In several nations, caries in pre-school children remain a significant oral health issue. In an outbreak period such as the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), remote contact and education aimed at the prevention of oral diseases and the preservation of children's oral health are more relevant than ever. Currently, the amount of published applications is far higher than the published scientific studies while the problems of usability remains vulnerable. The goal of this paper was to comprehensively document the phase of development and usability testing of a mobile application for diet and oral health, namely Gigiku Sihat, which was primarily intended to be used by parents and guardians of pre-school children. The mobile application was developed using the System Development Life Cycle principle. Apart from searching for the available oral health application on Android platform, the initial requirement gathering process consisted of situational analysis, concept generation, content development, and features and functional requirement determination. The mobile application design and implementation evolved at each phase before being finalised. Gigiku Sihat was successfully developed in the Bahasa Malaysia. Finalised Gigiku Sihat was installed on mobile devices to determine the usability using translated and validated System Usability Scale questionnaire namely Skala Kebolehgunaan Aplikasi Mudah Alih (SKAMA). The mean score usability with score of 68 and above was deemed to have good usability. This study found that Gigiku Sihat mean (SD) usability score was 77.0 (14.18). The results were promising as they showed that Gigiku Sihat had a good usability. Thus, the development of this mobile application focusing on diet and oral health served as a new source of oral health education and provided a necessary foundation in developing future improved mobile application development for parents in the prevention of early childhood caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Akmal Muhamat
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Ruhaya Hasan
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Norkhafizah Saddki
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | | | - Mokhtarrudin Ahmad
- Faculty of Applied Communication, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
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13
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Yano Y, Abnet CC, Poustchi H, Roshandel G, Pourshams A, Islami F, Khoshnia M, Amiriani T, Norouzi A, Kamangar F, Boffetta P, Brennan P, Dawsey SM, Vogtmann E, Malekzadeh R, Etemadi A. Oral Health and Risk of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancers in a Large Prospective Study from a High-risk Region: Golestan Cohort Study. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2021; 14:709-718. [PMID: 33731409 PMCID: PMC8295188 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Tooth loss and periodontal disease have been associated with several cancers, and poor oral health may be an important risk factor for upper gastrointestinal (UGI, i.e., esophageal and gastric) cancers. We assessed the relationship between oral health and UGI cancers using a large prospective study of over 50,000 adults living in Golestan Province, Iran, a high-incidence area for these cancers. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated for the association between three different measures of oral health [frequency of tooth brushing; number of missing teeth; and the sum of decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT)] and UGI cancers. During a median follow-up duration of 13 years, there were 794 incident UGI cancers (396 esophageal and 398 gastric cancers). Daily tooth brushing was associated with a decreased risk of developing both esophageal (HR = 0.670; 95% CI: 0.486-0.924) and gastric (HR = 0.741; 95% CI: 0.544-1.01) cancers (combined UGI cancer HR = 0.697; 95% CI: 0.558-0.871) compared with never brushing. Tooth loss in excess of the loess smoothed, age- and sex-specific median number of teeth lost was significantly associated with esophageal (HR = 1.64; 95% CI: 1.08-2.47) and gastric cancers (HR = 1.58; 95% CI: 1.05-2.38). There were some adverse associations between DMFT and UGI cancers but most were not statistically significant. These results suggest increased risk of developing UGI cancers among individuals with poor oral health, and those who do not perform regular oral hygiene. PREVENTION RELEVANCE: Poor oral health is associated with the risk of upper gastrointestinal cancers, and oral hygiene practices may help prevent these cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Yano
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Christian C Abnet
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Hossein Poustchi
- Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Roshandel
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Akram Pourshams
- Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Islami
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Data Science Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Masoud Khoshnia
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Taghi Amiriani
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Alireza Norouzi
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Farin Kamangar
- Department of Biology, School of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences, Morgan State University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paul Brennan
- Section of Genetics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Sanford M Dawsey
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Emily Vogtmann
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Etemadi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Bekes K, John MT, Rener-Sitar K, Al-Harthy MH, Michelotti A, Reissmann DR, Nikolovska J, Sanivarapu S, Lawal FB, List T, Peršić Kiršić S, Strajnić L, Casassus R, Baba K, Schimmel M, Amuasi A, Jayasinghe RD, Strujić-Porović S, Peck CC, Xie H, Haugaard Bendixen K, Simancas-Pallares MA, Perez-Franco E, Naghibi Sistani MM, Valerio P, Letunova N, Nurelhuda N, Bartlett DW, Oluwafemi IA, Dghoughi S, Ferreira JNAR, Chantaracherd P, Sekulić S. Pediatric patients' reasons for visiting dentists in all WHO regions. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2021; 19:165. [PMID: 34120623 PMCID: PMC8201707 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-021-01801-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral Function, Orofacial Pain, Orofacial Appearance, and Psychosocial Impact are the four oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) dimensions (4D) or areas in which oral disorders impact pediatric patients. Using their dentists' assessment, the study aimed to evaluate whether pediatric dental patients' oral health concerns fit into the 4D of the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) construct. METHODS Dentists who treat children from 32 countries and all WHO regions were selected from a web-based survey of 1580 international dentists. Dentists were asked if their pediatric patients with current or future oral health concerns fit into the 4D of the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) construct. Proportions of all pediatric patients' oral health problems and prevention needs were computed. FINDINGS Data from 101 dentists treating children only and 523 dentists treating children and adults were included. For 90% of pediatric patients, their current oral health problems fit well in the four OHRQoL dimensions. For 91% of oral health problems they intended to prevent in the future were related to these dimensions as well. Both numbers increased to at least 96% when experts analyzed dentists´ explanations of why some oral health problems would not fit these four categories. CONCLUSIONS The study revealed the four fundamental components of dental patients, i.e., the four OHRQoL dimensions (Oral Function, Orofacial Pain, Orofacial Appearance, and Psychosocial Impact) are also applicable for pediatric patients, regardless of whether they have current or future oral health concerns, and should be considered when measuring OHRQoL in the pediatric dental patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Bekes
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Mike T John
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ksenija Rener-Sitar
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Prosthodontics, University Dental Clinics, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mohammad H Al-Harthy
- Department of Oral Basic & Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ambra Michelotti
- Section of Orthodontics, Department of Neurosciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Daniel R Reissmann
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Medical Center Hamburg - Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julijana Nikolovska
- Department for Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, Macedonia
| | | | - Folake B Lawal
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Thomas List
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Sanja Peršić Kiršić
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ljiljana Strajnić
- Clinic for Dentistry of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Rodrigo Casassus
- Department of Orofacial Pain, Faculty of Medicine, University of Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Kazuyoshi Baba
- Department of Prosthodontics, Showa University Dental Hospital, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Martin Schimmel
- Division of Gerodontology, Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Division of Gerodontology and Removable Prosthodontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ama Amuasi
- Department of Child Health and Orthodontics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Ruwan D Jayasinghe
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Sanela Strujić-Porović
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry with Clinics, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Christopher C Peck
- Sydney Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Han Xie
- Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Miguel Angel Simancas-Pallares
- Division of Pediatric and Public Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Eka Perez-Franco
- Center for Headaches, Facial Pain and TMD, Punta Pacifica Medical Center, Panama City, Panama
| | | | - Patricia Valerio
- Instituto Patricia Valério, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Natalia Letunova
- Department of Anesthesia in Dentistry, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nazik Nurelhuda
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - David W Bartlett
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ikeoluwa A Oluwafemi
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Saloua Dghoughi
- Oral Surgery Department, Faculty of Dentistry of Rabat, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Joao N A R Ferreira
- Exocrine Gland Biology and Regeneration Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pathamas Chantaracherd
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Western University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Stella Sekulić
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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15
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Yoshizawa K, Moroi A, Iguchi R, Yokomichi H, Ogihara S, Watanabe K, Nakajima K, Kirito K, Ueki K. Association between the point-rating system used for oral health and the prevalence of Gram-negative bacilli in hematological inpatients: A retrospective cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26111. [PMID: 34087858 PMCID: PMC8183721 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteremia is a major cause of death among hematology inpatients who require heavy-dose chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Gram-negative bacillus (GNB) is more likely to be detected when the oral health is poor. However, there is a dearth of studies on the relationship between oral assessment and prevalence of GNB in hematology inpatients.This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the original point-rating system for oral health examinations (point-oral exam) and the prevalence of GNB in hematology inpatients at the hematology ward of the Yamanashi University Hospital. GNB was detected by cultivating samples from the sputum and blood of each patient.A total of 129 subjects underwent a medical checkup and point-oral exam. The sputum and blood culture results of 55 patients were included in this study. The total points of patients positive for GNB (n = 25, 45.5%) were significantly higher than those who were negative for GNB (total score: median, 25th, 75th, percentile; 6 [4, 7] vs 2 [1, 4]; P = .00016). Based on the receiver operating characteristic analysis, a cutoff score of 5 proved to be most useful to detect GNB.An oral evaluation with a cutoff value of 5 or higher in the point-oral exam might indicate the need for a more thorough oral management to prevent the development of systemic infections from GNB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunio Yoshizawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Graduate School, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi
| | - Akinori Moroi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Graduate School, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi
| | - Ran Iguchi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Graduate School, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi
| | | | | | | | - Kei Nakajima
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Keita Kirito
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Koichiro Ueki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Graduate School, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi
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16
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Abe T, Tominaga K, Ando Y, Toyama Y, Takeda M, Yamasaki M, Okuyama K, Hamano T, Isomura M, Nabika T, Yano S. Number of teeth and masticatory function are associated with sarcopenia and diabetes mellitus status among community-dwelling older adults: A Shimane CoHRE study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252625. [PMID: 34077486 PMCID: PMC8172058 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives We aimed to examine the number of teeth and masticatory function as oral health indices and clarify their roles in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia and diabetes mellitus in community-dwelling older adults. Subjects and methods This cross-sectional study was conducted with 635 older adults in Ohnan, Shimane Prefecture, in rural Japan. The number of teeth and masticatory function (measured by the number of gummy jelly pieces collected after chewing) were evaluated by dental hygienists. Sarcopenia status was assessed using handgrip strength, skeletal muscle index, calf circumference, and a possible sarcopenia diagnosis based on the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019. Diabetes mellitus status was defined as a hemoglobin A1c level ≥6.5% or self-reported diabetes. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between oral health, sarcopenia, and diabetes mellitus after adjusting for confounders. Results After adjusting for all confounders, logistic regression analysis showed that the number of remaining teeth was negatively associated with a low level of handgrip strength (odds ratio [OR], 0.961; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.932–0.992) and possible sarcopenia (OR, 0.949; 95% CI, 0.907–0.992). Higher levels of masticatory function were also negatively associated with a low level of handgrip strength (OR, 0.965; 95% CI, 0.941–0.990) and possible sarcopenia (OR, 0.941; 95% CI, 0.904–0.979). Logistic regression analysis showed that the number of remaining teeth and a higher level of masticatory function were negatively associated with diabetes mellitus (OR, 0.978; 95% CI, 0.957–0.999; OR, 0.976; 95% CI, 0.960–0.992, respectively). Conclusion Our findings suggest that improvement in oral health, including the maintenance of masticatory function and remaining teeth, may contribute to the prevention of sarcopenia and diabetes mellitus in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Abe
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo City, Shimane, Japan
| | - Kazumichi Tominaga
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo City, Shimane, Japan
- Tominaga Dental Office, Ochi-gun, Shimane, Japan
| | - Yuichi Ando
- Department of Health Promotion, National Institute of Public Health, Wako City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuta Toyama
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo City, Shimane, Japan
| | - Miwako Takeda
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo City, Shimane, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamasaki
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo City, Shimane, Japan
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Shimane University, Matsue City, Shimane, Japan
| | - Kenta Okuyama
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo City, Shimane, Japan
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Tsuyoshi Hamano
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo City, Shimane, Japan
- Faculty of Sociology, Department of Sports Sociology and Health Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kita-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Minoru Isomura
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo City, Shimane, Japan
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Shimane University, Matsue City, Shimane, Japan
| | - Toru Nabika
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo City, Shimane, Japan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Functional Pathology, Shimane University, Izumo City, Shimane, Japan
| | - Shozo Yano
- Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo City, Shimane, Japan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo City, Shimane, Japan
- * E-mail:
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17
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Umeizudike KA, Osagbemiro BB, Daramola OO, Adeyemo TA. Oral health related quality of life among HIV positive patients attending two HIV outpatient clinics in Nigeria - a cross sectional study. Afr Health Sci 2021; 21:566-575. [PMID: 34795709 PMCID: PMC8568235 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v21i2.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human immunodeficiency virus infection remains a devastating disease of public health importance. OBJECTIVES To assess the association between oral health and quality of life and the factors affecting the oral health related quality of life among HIV positive patients in Nigeria. METHODS This was a cross sectional study of HIV positive patients attending two HIV outpatient clinics in Nigeria. Impact of oral health on quality of life was assessed using the OHIP-14. Oral health status was assessed by the DMFT and Simplified OHI indices. Level of significance was set at p< 0.05. RESULTS Three hundred and fifty-two patients were seen, 64.2% being females. Prevalence of impact was 8.5%; and the mean OHIP scores was 8.05±9.54. Highest impact was "painful aching" 67(19.1%) with the domain of physical pain scoring the highest mean impact of 2.32. Most patients (88.6%) were on HAART. Following logistic regression, after controlling for potential confounders, independent factors associated with poor OHRQoL were perceived need for dental treatment, HAART use, and higher DMFT (p<0.05). CONCLUSION The domain of physical pain had the highest impact, while perceived need for dental treatment, HAART use and higher caries index were contributory to poor OHRQoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehinde Adesola Umeizudike
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos State.
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi Araba, Lagos State.
| | | | | | - Titilope Adenike Adeyemo
- Department of Haematology & Blood transfusion, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos State.
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18
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Giuliano KK, Penoyer D, Middleton A, Baker D. Original Research: Oral Care as Prevention for Nonventilator Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia: A Four-Unit Cluster Randomized Study. Am J Nurs 2021; 121:24-33. [PMID: 33993136 DOI: 10.1097/01.naj.0000753468.99321.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonventilator hospital-acquired pneumonia (NV-HAP) presents a serious and largely preventable threat to patient safety in U.S. hospitals. There is an emerging body of evidence on the effectiveness of oral care in preventing NV-HAP. PURPOSE The primary aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a universal, standardized oral care protocol in preventing NV-HAP in the acute care setting. The primary outcome measure was NV-HAP incidence per 1,000 patient-days. METHODS This 12-month study was conducted on four units at an 800-bed tertiary medical center. Patients on one medical and one surgical unit were randomly assigned to receive enhanced oral care (intervention units); patients on another medical and another surgical unit received usual oral care (control units). RESULTS Total enrollment was 8,709. For the medical control versus intervention units, oral care frequency increased from a mean of 0.95 to 2.25 times per day, and there was a significant 85% reduction in the NV-HAP incidence rate. The odds of developing NV-HAP were 7.1 times higher on the medical control versus intervention units, a significant finding. For the surgical control versus intervention units, oral care frequency increased from a mean of 1.18 to 2.02 times per day, with a 56% reduction in the NV-HAP incidence rate. The odds of developing NV-HAP were 1.6 times higher on the surgical control versus intervention units, although this result did not reach significance. CONCLUSIONS These findings add to the growing body of evidence that daily oral care as a means of primary source control may have a role in NV-HAP prevention. The implementation of effective strategies to ensure that such care is consistently provided warrants further study. It's not yet known what degree and frequency of oral care are required to effect favorable changes in the oral microbiome during acute care hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen K Giuliano
- Karen K. Giuliano is an associate professor at the College of Nursing and the Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst. Daleen Penoyer is the director of the Center for Nursing Research and Advanced Nursing Practice, Orlando Health, Orlando, FL. Aurea Middleton is the research coordinator for Orlando Health's Center for Nursing Research. Dian Baker is a professor at the School of Nursing, California State University, Sacramento. Financial support for this study was provided by Medline Industries (which supplied the kits used) and Orlando Health. Baker and Giuliano have also created a CE program on NV-HAP sponsored by Medline. An intervention toolkit is available from the authors. The authors acknowledge Joohyun Chung for her guidance and review of the statistical approach and analyses. Contact author: Karen K. Giuliano, . The authors have disclosed no other potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise
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Tiwari R, Bhayat A, Chikte U. Forecasting for the need of dentists and specialists in South Africa until 2030. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251238. [PMID: 33999933 PMCID: PMC8128226 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
To manage the increasing burden of dental diseases, a robust health system is essential. In order to ensure the oral health system operates at an optimal level going into the future, a forecast of the national shortfall of dentists and dental specialists in South Africa (SA) was undertaken. There is currently a shortage of dentists and specialists in SA and given the huge burden of dental diseases, there is a dire need to increase the number of these health care workers. The aim was to determine the projected shortfall of dentists and specialists in each of the nine provinces in SA. The projected shortfall was calculated based on the SA Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) for each province. The estimate for the evaluation of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) for SA was obtained from the Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) Global Burden of Disease website. For each province, age standardized DALYs were calculated with mid-year population estimates obtained from Statistics SA 2018. In order to reduce the existing human resources for health (HRH) inequity among the provinces of SA, three scenarios were created focussing on attaining horizontal equity. The best-case scenario estimates a shortfall of 430, 1252 and 1885 dentists and specialists in 2018, 2024 and 2030 respectively. In an optimistic scenario, the national shortfall was calculated at 733, 1540 and 2158 dentists and specialists for the years 2018, 2024 and 2030 respectively. In an aspirational scenario, shortfalls of 853 (2018), 1655 (2024) and 2267 (2030) dentists and specialists were forecasted. Access to oral health services should be ensured through the optimum supply of trained dentists and specialists and the delivery of appropriate oral health services. Thus, the roadmap provided for upscaling the oral health services recognizes the influence of both demand and supply factors on the pursuit of equity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritika Tiwari
- Division of Health Systems and Public Health, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Ahmed Bhayat
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa
- * E-mail:
| | - Usuf Chikte
- Division of Health Systems and Public Health, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
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Sachdev PK, Freeland-Graves J, Babaei M, Sanjeevi N, Zamora AB, Wright GJ. Associations Between Diet Quality and Dental Caries in Low-Income Women. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021; 121:2251-2259. [PMID: 33992584 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015) is a diet quality measure of conformity of diet to the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. This tool is being used increasingly to assess relationships between diet quality and health outcomes. OBJECTIVE The objective of this research was to investigate the relationships between diet quality as measured by HEI-2015 total and component scores and Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth Index (DMFT) scores in low-income women. DESIGN In this cross-sectional study, low-income women were administered questionnaires and dental examinations on 1 occasion. The questionnaires included demographics, food frequency, and oral health questionnaires, and the US Adult Food Security Survey Module. PARTICIPANTS/SETTINGS Participants in this study were part of a larger research project-Impact of Diet and Nutrition on Dental Caries in Low-Income Women. For the larger research project, a total of 255 women aged 18 to 50 years with annual income <250% of the Federal Poverty Line were recruited from low-income housing units in Central Texas from June 1, 2018 to December 30, 2018. Of the 255 women, 28 underwent dental screenings but did not complete the questionnaires. Seven women were excluded because energy intakes exceeded 4,000 kcal/d. The final sample for the current analysis was 220 women who had completed their dental examinations and provided complete data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The exposure was diet quality and the main outcome measure was DMFT score. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Dental caries scores were calculated by addition of decayed, missing, and filled teeth. Descriptive statistics were conducted on the variables of age, race and ethnicity, education, annual household income, food security status, and frequency of brushing and flossing. Linear regression analysis was used to discern relationships between diet quality-as assessed by HEI-2015 total and component scores-and dental caries experience, adjusting for the covariates. RESULTS Caries in permanent teeth was present in 95.6% of participants. HEI-2015 total scores were inversely associated with dental caries. An increase of 1 point in total HEI-2015 score was accompanied by a decrease in DMFT score by 0.569 (P = .001). In addition, component scores for total vegetables (P = .001), greens and beans (P = .002), dairy (P = .004), refined grains (P = .001), and added sugars (P = .001) were inversely related to DMFT scores. CONCLUSIONS This research suggests that diet quality, as measured by the HEI-2015, is inversely associated with DMFT scores in low-income women. Future research is needed to investigate the influence of diet and nutrition on the integrity of oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prageet K Sachdev
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Jeanne Freeland-Graves
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX.
| | - Mahsa Babaei
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Namrata Sanjeevi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Annemarie B Zamora
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION People with diabetes are more vulnerable to periodontal disease than those without; thus, practicing preventive oral health care is an important part of diabetes self-care. Our objective was to examine disparities in preventive oral health care among US adults with diabetes. METHODS We performed a secondary analysis of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2016. Periodontal examinations were conducted in adults aged 30 and older. We compared the weighted prevalence of periodontal disease and the practice of preventive oral health care, including practicing dental interproximal cleaning (flossing or using other interproximal cleaning devices) and use of preventive dental services, among people with and without diabetes. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to examine the relationship between the presence of diabetes, periodontal disease, and preventive oral health care practices. RESULTS Weighted prevalence of periodontal disease in the US population was higher among adults with diabetes than those without (58.0% vs 37.6%). This difference persisted after controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and smoking status. People with diabetes were more likely to have periodontal disease (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.39; 95% CI, 1.17-1.65), less likely to practice daily interproximal cleaning (aOR 0.85; 95% CI, 0.75-0.95), and less likely to visit a dentist for preventive care in the past year (aOR 0.86; 95% CI, 0.76-0.96) than people without diabetes. CONCLUSION Adults with diabetes reported suboptimal preventive oral health care behaviors in use of preventive dental services and interproximal dental cleaning than people without diabetes, despite their health disparity related to periodontal disease. Educating people to improve their preventive oral health care is essential for good oral health and diabetes self-management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Zhang
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts
- 100 William T. Morrissey Blvd, Boston, MA 02125-3393.
| | - Suzanne G Leveille
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ling Shi
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sarah M Camhi
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts
- College of Arts and Sciences, Kinesiology Department, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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Mandasari M, Rahmayanti F, Derbi H, Wimardhani YS. Special care dentistry perception among dentists in Jakarta: An online survey study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249727. [PMID: 33826661 PMCID: PMC8026065 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Special Care Dentistry (SCD) or Special Needs Dentistry is a branch of dentistry concerned with the oral health of people with a variety of medical conditions or limitations that require more than routine delivery of care. There were reports on oral status of special care patients and special interest group for SCD dentists in Indonesia has existed. However, there was not perception report on SCD amongst dentists in Jakarta. This paper will describe the perception of dentists in Jakarta towards SCD. A cross-sectional questionnaire, translated and cross adapted to Indonesian, was distributed online through Whatsapp to dentists registered in Jakarta late 2019. Quantitative data was analyzed using statistical software for proportion and correlation using Chi-Square test. The questionnaire explored dentists’ perception towards SCD. A total of 250 dentists participated in this study, of them 173 general practitioners and 77 specialist dentists. Most respondents reported that they did not have SCD component during undergraduate dental school and did not provide treatment to patients with special needs in their clinical practice. Most respondents have poor perception of SCD, however, most of the respondents showed motivation and interest towards SCD training. Dentists in Jakarta involved in this study had poor perception of SCD. More efforts should be performed to improve SCD education and awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masita Mandasari
- Oral Medicine Residency Program, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Oral Medicine Department, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- * E-mail:
| | - Febrina Rahmayanti
- Oral Medicine Department, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hajer Derbi
- DCD Special Needs Dentistry Program, Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Bradbury-Jones C, Isham L, Morris AJ, Taylor J. The "Neglected" Relationship Between Child Maltreatment and Oral Health? An International Scoping Review of Research. Trauma Violence Abuse 2021; 22:265-276. [PMID: 31043121 DOI: 10.1177/1524838019841598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Globally, the oral health needs of children who have, or are suspected of having, experienced abuse or neglect has become a focus of concern. It is thus valuable and timely to map the contemporary nature of the research landscape in this expanding field. This review reports the findings of a scoping review of the international empirical literature. The aim was to explore the relationship between child maltreatment and oral health and how this complex issue is addressed in contemporary dental, health, and social work practice. The review identified 68 papers, analysis of which identified three themes: (1) There is a relationship between poor oral health and child maltreatment that is well evidenced but conceptually underdeveloped. (2) There are discrepancies between the knowledge of members of the dental team about child maltreatment and their confidence and aptitude to identify and report child protection concerns. (3) There are areas of local-level policy and practice development that seek to improve working relationships between dentists and health and social work practitioners; however, there is widespread evidence that the oral health needs of this group of vulnerable children are not consistently met. To orientate critical discussion and planning for future research and practice, we present the Patterns, Advances, Gaps, Evidence for practice and Research recommendations (PAGER) framework. The review's findings are likely to be of interest to researchers, practitioners, and policy makers working across dentistry, health and social work.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Louise Isham
- 1724University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Julie Taylor
- 1724University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Ribeiro AGA, Martins RFM, Vissoci JRN, da Silva NC, Rocha TAH, Queiroz RCDS, Tonello AS, Staton CA, Facchini LA, Thomaz EBAF. Progress and challenges in potential access to oral health primary care services in Brazil: A population-based panel study with latent transition analysis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247101. [PMID: 33725008 PMCID: PMC7963056 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Compared indicators of potential access to oral health services sought in two cycles of the Program for Improvement of Access and Quality of Primary Care (PMAQ-AB), verifying whether the program generated changes in access to oral health services. METHODS Transitional analysis of latent classes was used to analyze two cross-sections of the external evaluation of the PMAQ-AB (Cycle I: 2011-2012 and Cycle II: 2013-2014), identifying completeness classes for a structure and work process related to oral health. Consider three indicators of structure (presence of a dental surgeon, existence of a dental office and operating at minimum hours) and five of the work process (scheduling every day of the week, home visits, basic dental procedures, scheduling for spontaneous demand and continuation of treatment). Choropleth maps and hotspots were made. RESULTS The proportion of elements that had one or more dentist (CD), dental office and operated at minimum hours varied from 65.56% to 67.13 between the two cycles of the PMAQ-AB. The number of teams that made appointments every day of the week increased 8.7% and those that made home visits varied from 44.51% to 52.88%. The reduction in the number of teams that reported guaranteeing the agenda for accommodating spontaneous demand, varying from 62.41% to 60.11% and in the continuity of treatment, varying from 63.41% to 61.11%. For the structure of health requirements, the predominant completeness profile was "Best completeness" in both cycles, comprising 71.0% of the sets at time 1 and 67.0% at time 2. The proportion of teams with "Best completeness" increased by 89.1%, the one with "Worst completeness" increased by 20%, while those with "Average completeness" decreased by 66.3%. CONCLUSION We identified positive changes in the indicators of potential access to oral health services, expanding the users' ability to use them. However, some access attributes remain unsatisfactory, with organizational barriers persisting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Graziela Araujo Ribeiro
- Dentistry Department, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil
| | | | - João Ricardo Nickenig Vissoci
- Global Emergency Medicine Innovation and Implementation (GEMINI), Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Research Design and Analysis Core (RDAC), Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | | | - Thiago Augusto Hernandes Rocha
- Global Emergency Medicine Innovation and Implementation (GEMINI), Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- MATH Consortium, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | | | - Aline Sampieri Tonello
- Department of Public Health, Center of Biological Sciences of Health, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil
| | - Catherine A. Staton
- Global Emergency Medicine Innovation and Implementation (GEMINI), Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Luiz Augusto Facchini
- Department of Social Medicine, Postgraduate Programs in Epidemiology, Nursing and Family Health, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Erika Bárbara Abreu Fonseca Thomaz
- Department of Public Health, Graduate Program in Public Health and Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil
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Ndekero TS, Carneiro LC, Masumo RM. Prevalence of early childhood caries, risk factors and nutritional status among 3-5-year-old preschool children in Kisarawe, Tanzania. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247240. [PMID: 33630949 PMCID: PMC7906390 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early childhood dental caries (ECC), a serious public health problem lacks information on the association between ECC, risk factors and nutritional status among children in Tanzania. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of ECC, risk factors and nutritional status among 3-5-year-old preschool children and to assess its correlation with the form, visible plaque scores in upper anterior teeth, total sugar exposure, anthropometric measures, and socio demographic attributes. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on 831 children registered in public preschools in Kisarawe District. Assessment of ECC used the WHO (2013) criteria and anthropometric measures used the WHO Child Growth Standards (2006). Structured questionnaires were completed by children's parents through an interview. Collected information on socio-demographic attributes including oral hygiene and sugar exposure to their children was analyzed. RESULTS Only 459 children (55.2%) were recognized as caries-free. Dental caries experience in terms of decayed, missing and filled teeth (dmft) index was 2.51. Children with visible plaque were the majority (56.1%). The dmft score index was negatively and significantly associated with weight-for-age z-score [Coefficient: -0.11 (95% CI: -0.76, -0.11)] and positively significantly associated with visible plaque score index [Coefficient: 0.16 (95% CI: 0.18, 0.52)] and total sugar exposure [Coefficient: 0.19 (95% CI: 0.15, 0.38)] in the adjusted model. The prevalence of underweight was 4.2% [95% CI: (3.0-5.8)] and severe underweight was 0.2% [95% CI: (0.1-0.9)] while prevalence of stunting was 1.6% [95% CI: (0.9-2.7)] and severe stunting was 0.4% [95% CI: (0.1-1.1)]. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated a significant negative relationship between ECC and children's anthropometric measures indicated by weight-for-age, and positive relationship with sugar exposure and poor oral hygiene indicated by visible plaque on upper anterior teeth. Controlling risk factors will reduce the occurrence of ECC thereby catering for a healthy population of well-nourished children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tumaini S. Ndekero
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es salaam, Tanzania
| | - Lorna C. Carneiro
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es salaam, Tanzania
| | - Ray M. Masumo
- Oral Health Section, Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children, Dodoma, Tanzania
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Tseng W, Pleasants E, Ivey SL, Sokal-Gutierrez K, Kumar J, Hoeft KS, Horowitz AM, Ramos-Gomez F, Sodhi M, Liu J, Neuhauser L. Barriers and Facilitators to Promoting Oral Health Literacy and Patient Communication among Dental Providers in California. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 18:ijerph18010216. [PMID: 33396682 PMCID: PMC7795206 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Studies demonstrate that dental providers value effective provider-patient communication but use few recommended communication techniques. This study explored perspectives of California dental providers and oral health literacy experts in the United States on use of communication techniques. We conducted a qualitative key informant interview study with 50 participants between November 2019 and March 2020, including 44 dental providers (dentists, hygienists, and assistants) in public or private practice in California and 6 oral health literacy (OHL) experts. We undertook thematic analysis of interview transcripts and descriptive statistics about interviewees from pre-surveys. Dental providers reported frequently speaking slowly, and using simple language and models/radiographs to communicate with patients, while infrequently using interpretation/translation, illustrations, teach-back, or motivational interviewing. Providers reported using only 6 of the 18 American Medical Association's (AMA) recommended communication techniques and only 3 of the 7 AMA's basic communication techniques. A majority of providers indicated using one of five oral health assessment and educational strategies. Key barriers to effective communication included limited time, financial incentives promoting treatment over prevention, lack of OHL training, limited plain-language patient education materials, and patients with low OHL knowledge. Dental organizations should prioritize supporting dental providers in effective patient communication practices. Standardizing OHL continuing education, creating an evidence-based OHL toolkit for dental teams, ensuring accessible interpretation/translation services, and incentivizing dental providers to deliver education could improve oral health literacy and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winston Tseng
- Health Research for Action, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; (E.P.); (S.L.I.); (K.S.-G.); (J.L.); (L.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-925-699-4016
| | - Elizabeth Pleasants
- Health Research for Action, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; (E.P.); (S.L.I.); (K.S.-G.); (J.L.); (L.N.)
| | - Susan L. Ivey
- Health Research for Action, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; (E.P.); (S.L.I.); (K.S.-G.); (J.L.); (L.N.)
| | - Karen Sokal-Gutierrez
- Health Research for Action, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; (E.P.); (S.L.I.); (K.S.-G.); (J.L.); (L.N.)
| | - Jayanth Kumar
- Office of Oral Health, California Department of Public Health, Sacramento, CA 95899, USA;
| | - Kristin S. Hoeft
- Department of Preventive & Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA;
| | - Alice M. Horowitz
- Department of Behavioral Health & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA;
| | - Francisco Ramos-Gomez
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
| | - Miku Sodhi
- Shasta Cascade Health Centers, McCloud, CA 96057, USA;
| | - Jessica Liu
- Health Research for Action, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; (E.P.); (S.L.I.); (K.S.-G.); (J.L.); (L.N.)
| | - Linda Neuhauser
- Health Research for Action, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; (E.P.); (S.L.I.); (K.S.-G.); (J.L.); (L.N.)
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Iwasaki M, Motokawa K, Watanabe Y, Shirobe M, Inagaki H, Edahiro A, Ohara Y, Hirano H, Shinkai S, Awata S. A Two-Year Longitudinal Study of the Association between Oral Frailty and Deteriorating Nutritional Status among Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 18:ijerph18010213. [PMID: 33396639 PMCID: PMC7796237 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background: Limited longitudinal studies exist to evaluate whether poor oral health and functions affect the incidence of deteriorating nutritional status. We investigated if there were longitudinal associations between oral frailty, defined as accumulated deficits in oral health, and deteriorating nutritional status among community-dwelling older adults. Methods: The study population consisted of 191 men and 275 women (mean age, 76.4 years) from the Takashimadaira Study. Multifaced oral health assessment was performed at baseline, and oral frailty was defined as having ≥3 of the following six components: fewer teeth, low masticatory performance, low articulatory oral motor skill, low tongue pressure, and difficulties in chewing and swallowing. Nutritional status assessment was performed at baseline and two-year follow-up using the Mini Nutritional Assessment®-Short Form (MNA®-SF). Deteriorating nutritional status was defined as a decline in the nutritional status categories based on the MNA®-SF score during the study period. The association between oral frailty and deteriorating nutritional status was assessed using logistic regression analyses. Results: Oral frailty was observed in 67 (14.4%) participants at baseline. During the study, 58 (12.4%) participants exhibited deteriorating nutritional status. After adjusting for potential confounders, oral frailty was significantly associated with deteriorating nutritional status (adjusted odds ratio, 2.24; 95% confidence interval, 1.08–4.63). Conclusion: Community-dwelling older adults with oral frailty had an increased risk of deteriorating nutritional status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Iwasaki
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.W.); (M.S.); (H.I.); (A.E.); (Y.O.); (H.H.); (S.S.); (S.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-33-964-3241 (ext. 4215); Fax: +81-33-964-2316
| | - Keiko Motokawa
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.W.); (M.S.); (H.I.); (A.E.); (Y.O.); (H.H.); (S.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Yutaka Watanabe
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.W.); (M.S.); (H.I.); (A.E.); (Y.O.); (H.H.); (S.S.); (S.A.)
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
| | - Maki Shirobe
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.W.); (M.S.); (H.I.); (A.E.); (Y.O.); (H.H.); (S.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Hiroki Inagaki
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.W.); (M.S.); (H.I.); (A.E.); (Y.O.); (H.H.); (S.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Ayako Edahiro
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.W.); (M.S.); (H.I.); (A.E.); (Y.O.); (H.H.); (S.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Yuki Ohara
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.W.); (M.S.); (H.I.); (A.E.); (Y.O.); (H.H.); (S.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Hirohiko Hirano
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.W.); (M.S.); (H.I.); (A.E.); (Y.O.); (H.H.); (S.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Shoji Shinkai
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.W.); (M.S.); (H.I.); (A.E.); (Y.O.); (H.H.); (S.S.); (S.A.)
- School of Nutritional Sciences, Kagawa Nutrition University, Saitama 350-0288, Japan
| | - Shuichi Awata
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (K.M.); (Y.W.); (M.S.); (H.I.); (A.E.); (Y.O.); (H.H.); (S.S.); (S.A.)
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Costa-Silva CM, Ambrosano GM, Mialhe FL. Association between demarcated enamel hypomineralization on second primary molars and dental caries in childhood. Acta Odontol Latinoam 2020; 33:181-186. [PMID: 33523082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hypomineralized Second Primary Molars (HSPM) is the name used to describe the presence of demarcated enamel hypomineralization in second primary molars. HSPM has been compared with Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) as regards its clinical appearance and consequences. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between HSPM and dental caries in childhood. It was a cross-sectional populationbased study that included 216 children aged 4-6 years from public schools in Botelhos, Brazil. Children with all second primary molars erupted were eligible for participation. Clinical examination was performed by one calibrated examiner. HSPM was recorded according to modified European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry criteria. The main outcome was dental caries experience as indicated by the dmft index (%dmft>0) according to WHO criteria. Chi-square test and Logistic Regression Model were used to adjust the results for effects of covariates Among the 216 children examined, 22.2% presented HSPM. After adjustment for logistic regression, children with HSPM were found to have a 2.28 times greater chance of presenting dental caries. Our results reinforce the importance of HSPM in caries development in children, which should be considered by public health dentists in the process of planning actions aimed at this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane M Costa-Silva
- Centro Universitário das Faculdades Associadas de Ensino - UNIFAE, São João da Boa Vista, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Glaucia Mb Ambrosano
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba. Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Fábio L Mialhe
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba. Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil.
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Alade O, Ajoloko E, Dedeke A, Uti O, Sofola O. Self-reported halitosis and oral health related quality of life in adolescent students from a suburban community in Nigeria. Afr Health Sci 2020; 20:2044-2049. [PMID: 34394270 PMCID: PMC8351855 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v20i4.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Halitosis is an important cause of impaired quality of life in adolescents. Little is known about the prevalence of self-reported halitosis in adolescents in Nigeria and the extent to which self-reported halitosis impairs their oral health related quality of life. Objectives To determine the prevalence and impact of self-reported halitosis on the oral health related quality of life of adolescent students in a suburban community in Nigeria. Methods An analytical cross-sectional study. Pre-tested self-administered pro-forma was used to obtain the adolescents' demographic data and their self-perception of halitosis. The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) was used to assess the adolescents' OHRQoL. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the median OHIP-14 scores between adolescents who reported halitosis and those who did not. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Ethics approval for this study was obtained from the Health Research and Ethics Committee of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital. Results A total of 361 adolescents aged 10 – 19 years (mean age 14.1 ± 1.79 years) took part in the study. Of these, 32.7% (n=118) had self-reported halitosis. The median OHIP-14 score among adolescents with self-reported halitosis was 3 (0–9) while those who did not report halitosis had a median OHIP-14 score of 0 (0 – 5). This difference was statistically significant (p < 0.0001). Conclusion Self-reported halitosis significantly impaired the oral health related quality of life of the adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omolola Alade
- Obafemi Awolowo University, Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry
| | - Ebenezer Ajoloko
- Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery
| | - Aderonke Dedeke
- University of Lagos College of Medicine, Department of Preventive Dentistry
| | - Omolara Uti
- University of Lagos College of Medicine, Department of Preventive Dentistry
| | - Oyinkansola Sofola
- University of Lagos College of Medicine, Department of Preventive Dentistry
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Abstract
Oral health has a symbiotic relationship with general health, with oral disease recognised to have an adverse effect on the overall systemic health of a patient. Deterioration in oral health has been shown to have an impact on the severity of chronic systemic diseases, nutrition, hydration and psychological and social wellbeing. Part 1 of this mini-series explored the common oral conditions that community patients may present with, and the role of the nursing team in aiding the prevention, diagnosis and management of these conditions. Following on from that, this article discusses the links between oral and general health, and preservation of a patient's quality of life. This article also aims to support nurses' knowledge on how to assess the oral health needs of patients, support oral care provision, how to access acute and elective dental services and signpost to additional supportive resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katy Martin
- Speciality Registrar in Oral Surgery, Birmingham Dental Hospital and School of Dentistry, Edgbaston
| | - Laura Johnston
- Speciality Registrar in Paediatric Dentistry, Birmingham Dental Hospital and School of Dentistry, Edgbaston
| | - Natalie Archer
- Academic Dental Core Trainee, Birmingham Dental Hospital and School of Dentistry, Edgbaston
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Yokota K, Yu SW, Tan T, Anderson J, Stormon N. The extent and nature of dental anxiety in Australians experiencing homelessness. Health Soc Care Community 2020; 28:2352-2361. [PMID: 32511864 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
High dental anxiety is a major barrier to accessing dental care and has been found to be experienced to a greater extent in the homeless population. No studies have investigated the extent and nature of dental anxiety in Australians experiencing homelessness and was the aim of this study. Participants were recruited from four not-for-profit organisations in inner Brisbane using convenience and snowball sampling. The Dental Anxiety Questionnaire (DAQ) and the Index of Dental Anxiety and Fear (IDAF-4C+ ) questionnaire and oral health screening were completed by people experiencing homelessness in Brisbane, Australia, and compared to population norms. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and non-overlapping confidence intervals considered significantly different. The majority of the participants (n = 66) were male, a current smoker, unemployed and living in government supported housing. Most of the participants rated their oral health as poor/fair (n = 46, 71.9%) and their oral function as good or higher (n = 34, 53.1%). Using the single-item DAQ, 28.2% (n = 19) of people experiencing homelessness had high dental anxiety, compared to 16% of the general Australian population. The mean summed IDAF-4C+ fear module score was 18.02 (CI 15.60-20.43), which was significantly higher than the Australian population (µ = 14.40, CI 13.93-14.86). The highest mean score in the IDAF-4C+ stimulus module was feeling embarrassed or ashamed as anxiety inducing (µ = 2.27, CI 1.89-2.64) and was significantly different from the general Australian population (µ = 1.40, CI 1.33-1.47). The poorer overall self-rated oral health by the homeless population may induce feelings of embarrassment or shame, highlighting the differing psychosocial aspect to dental anxiety experienced by this population. Managing dental anxiety is needed to improve accessing to dental care for this population. Multidisciplinary care from social workers, mental health workers and dental practitioners may be beneficial in managing fear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumiko Yokota
- School of Dentistry, Oral Health Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Sheng Wey Yu
- School of Dentistry, Oral Health Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Tara Tan
- School of Dentistry, Oral Health Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Jan Anderson
- Queensland Health, Oral Health Services, Community and Oral Health Directorate, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Nicole Stormon
- School of Dentistry, Oral Health Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
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Paszynska E, Dmitrzak-Weglarz M, Ostalska-Nowicka D, Nowicki M, Gawriolek M, Zachwieja J. Association of Oral Status and Early Primary Hypertension Biomarkers among Children and Adolescents. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17217981. [PMID: 33143057 PMCID: PMC7662220 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17217981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this case-control study was the evaluation of the association between biomarkers of early primary arterial hypertension (HA) and oral diseases among children and adolescents. Material and methods. Subjects suspected of primary HA (n = 180) underwent a complex evaluation of their vascular status: blood pressure, heart rate, vascular stiffness, sympathetic activity in a 24 h ambulatory examination, followed by measurement of serum uric acid (UA), cystatin C, and creatinine. This procedure allowed the identification of children with primary (n = 58) and secondary HA (n = 74), as well as of children with normal arterial blood pressure, who served as a control group (n = 48). All subjects with secondary HA were excluded from further investigation. Oral examination included the measurement of caries intensity (using the decayed, missing, filled index for permanent teeth DMFT /primary teeth dmft), bacterial plaque (by the plaque control record index, PCR%), and gingivitis (by the bleeding on probing index, BOP%). For statistical analysis, a linear regression model and Spearman rank correlation were used. Results. UA, cystatin C, and creatinine were not altered in the HA group. However, the number of decayed permanent teeth (DT) and the DMFT, PCR%, and BOP% indexes were significantly higher in the primary HA group compared to the control group (p = 0.0006; p = 0.02; p = 0.0009; p = 0.003). Our results are not sufficient to prove the important role of caries and gingival inflammation in the modulation of HA symptoms, although they prove the association of oral diseases with primary HA symptoms. This may indicate future strategies for preventive measures for hypertensive children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elzbieta Paszynska
- Department of Integrated Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Monika Dmitrzak-Weglarz
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Danuta Ostalska-Nowicka
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-572 Poznan, Poland; (D.O.-N.); (J.Z.)
| | - Michal Nowicki
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Maria Gawriolek
- Department of Integrated Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Jacek Zachwieja
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-572 Poznan, Poland; (D.O.-N.); (J.Z.)
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Abstract
Oral health can affect or be a manifestation of general health. Although oral health assessment has been used as a proxy for general health, few studies have reported an association between oral health status and allergic diseases. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relationship between subjective oral health status and asthma/allergic rhinitis in a nationwide representative sample of Korean adults.A total of 227,977 participants from the Korean Community Health Survey 2015 were enrolled. Participants were asked about their subjective oral health status (very good, good, normal, poor, very poor), periodontal status (mobility, swelling, calculus, bleeding), teeth brushing frequency, and scaling history within the past 12 months. Histories of physician-diagnosed asthma and allergic rhinitis throughout life were surveyed. The associations between subjective oral health status and allergic diseases were analyzed using multiple logistic regression analysis. Age, sex, economic level, educational level, region of residence, smoking, alcohol, obesity, subjective general health status, stress level, physical activity, periodontal status, teeth brushing frequency, and scaling history within the past 12 months were adjusted as covariates.A higher prevalence of asthma (3.6%) was reported in the poor oral health group than in the good (1.8%) and normal (2.1%) groups (P < .001). Poor oral health status was significantly related to asthma, with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 1.19 (95% CI = 1.07-1.33, P = .002). Although the prevalence of allergic rhinitis was not higher in the poor oral health group (13.4%) than in the good (15.4%) and normal oral health groups (15.9%), the aOR for allergic rhinitis was 1.05 (95% CI = 1.00-1.11, P = .045) in the poor oral health group after adjusting for covariates.Subjective poor oral health status was significantly associated with asthma and allergic rhinitis in Korean adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Hye Wee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital
| | | | - Soo Hwan Byun
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Dentistry, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang
| | - Hyo-Jeong Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital
| | - Bumjung Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital
| | - Min Woo Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul; South Korea
| | - Hyo Geun Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory
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Lee VHK, Grant CG, Mittermuller BA, Singh S, Weiss B, Edwards JM, Schroth RJ. Association between early childhood oral health impact scale (ECOHIS) scores and pediatric dental surgery wait times. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:285. [PMID: 33069219 PMCID: PMC7568462 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01263-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe Early Childhood Caries (S-ECC) is an aggressive form of tooth decay that often requires pediatric dental rehabilitative surgery. The Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) measures oral health-related quality of life (OHRQL). The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is an association between ECOHIS scores and surgery wait times for children undergoing dental treatment for S-ECC under general anesthesia (GA). METHODS The hypothesis was that there is no present association between wait times and ECOHIS score. Children under 72 months of age with S-ECC were recruited on the day of their slated dental surgery under GA. Parents/caregivers completed a questionnaire that included the ECOHIS. Data were merged with other ECOHIS scores from a previous study. Wait times were acquired from the Patient Access Registry Tool (PART) database. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses. A p-value of ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant; 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported for each correlation coefficient. This study was approved by the University of Manitoba's Health Research Ethics Board. RESULTS Overall, 200 children participated, the majority of whom were Indigenous (63%) and resided in Winnipeg (52.5%). The mean age was 47.6 ± 13.8 months and 50.5% were female. Analyses showed ECOHIS scores were not significantly correlated with children's wait times. Observed correlations between ECOHIS and children's wait times were low and not statistically significant, ranging from ρ = 0.11 for wait times and child impact section (CIS) scores (95% CI: - 0.04, 0.26; p = 0.14), ρ = - 0.08 for family impact section (FIS) scores (95% CI: - 0.23, 0.07; p = 0.28), and ρ = 0.04 for total ECOHIS scores (95% CI: - 0.11, 0.19; p = 0.56). CONCLUSION No significant associations were observed between ECOHIS scores and wait times. In fact, those with worse OHRQL appeared to wait longer for surgery. ECOHIS scores could, however, still be used to help prioritize children for dental surgery to ensure that they receive timely access to dental care under GA. This is essential given the challenges posed by COVID-19 on timely access to surgical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor H K Lee
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 507 - 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 3P4, Canada
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Cameron G Grant
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 507 - 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Betty-Anne Mittermuller
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 507 - 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 3P4, Canada
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Sarbjeet Singh
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 507 - 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 3P4, Canada
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | | | - Robert J Schroth
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 507 - 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 3P4, Canada.
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
- Section of Pediatric Dentistry, Winnipeg Regional Health Authority, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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Vohra F, Bukhari IA, Sheikh SA, Albaijan R, Naseem M. Comparison of self-rated oral symptoms and periodontal status among cigarette smokers and individuals using electronic nicotine delivery systems. J Am Coll Health 2020; 68:788-793. [PMID: 31995451 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2019.1709476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The aim was to compare the self-rated oral symptoms (OS) and clinical and radiographic periodontal status among cigarette smokers and electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) users.Participants: Self-reported cigarette smokers and electronic cigarette and JUUL users were included.Methods: Self-rated OS and demographic data were recorded. Clinical attachment loss (AL), plaque index (PI), probing depth (PD), number of missing teeth, and bleeding on probing (BOP) were determined. p Values<.05 were deemed significant.Results: Bad breath (p<.001) and pain in gums (p<.001) were more often reported by cigarette-smokers than ENDS users. Compared with never-smokers, pain in teeth (p<.001), bad-breath (p<.001), and pain in gums (p<.001) were higher among cigarette smokers. There was no significant difference in pain in teeth, bleeding gums, bad breath, and pain in gums when JUUL users were compared with never-smokers and electronic cigarette users. PI (p<.05) and PD (p<.05) were increased in cigarette smokers than ENDS users and never-smokers.Conclusions: Pain in teeth and gums are more often perceived by cigarette smokers than electronic cigarette and JUUL users and never-smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahim Vohra
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ishfaq A Bukhari
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed A Sheikh
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Refal Albaijan
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa Naseem
- Department of Research, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Birungi N, Fadnes LT, Engebretsen IM, Tumwine JK, Åstrøm AN. Antiretroviral treatment and its impact on oral health outcomes in 5 to 7 year old Ugandan children: A 6 year follow-up visit from the ANRS 12174 randomized trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e22352. [PMID: 32991450 PMCID: PMC7523782 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000022352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antiretroviral therapy for HIV in sub-Saharan Africa has transformed the highly infectious virus to a stable chronic condition, with the advent of Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The longterm effects of HAART on the oral health of children are understudied. OBJECTIVE To compare the effect of lopinavir-ritonavir and lamivudine on oral health indicators (dental caries, gingivitis, tooth eruption, and oral health related quality of life) in 5 to 7 year old HIV-1 exposed uninfected children from the ANRS 12174 trial. METHODS This study used data collected in 2017 among children aged 5 to 7 years from the Ugandan site of the ANRS 12174 randomized trial (ClinicalTrials.gov no: NCT00640263) implemented between 2009 and 2012 in Mbale district, Eastern Uganda. The intervention was lopinavir-ritonavir or lamuvudine treatment to prevent vertical HIV-1 transmission. One hundred thirty-seven and 139 children were randomized to receive lopinavir-ritonavir or lamivudine treatment at day 7 postpartum to compare efficacy of prevention of vertical HIV-1 transmission. At follow up, the children underwent oral examination using the World Health Organization methods for field conditions. The oral health related quality of life was assessed using the early childhood oral health impact scale. Negative binomial and logistic regression were used for the analysis of data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Dental caries, gingivitis, tooth eruption, and oral health related quality of life) in 5 to 7 year old HIV-1 exposed uninfected children. RESULTS The prevalence of dental caries was 48% in the study sample: 49% in the lopinavir-ritonavir arm and 48% in the lamivudine treatment group. The corresponding mean decayed missing filled teeth and standard deviation was 1.7 (2.4) and 2.3 (3.7) The mean number (standard deviation) of erupted permanent teeth was 3.8 (3.7) and 4.6 (3.9) teeth in the lopinavir- and lamivudine group, respectively. The prevalence of reported impacts on oral health was 7% in the lopinavir-ritonavir and 18% in the lamivudine group. Gingivitis had a prevalence of 7% in the lopinavir-ritonavir and 14% lamivudine treatment group. The regression analysis revealed 70% less reported impacts on oral health in lopinavir-ritonavir group than the lamivudine treatment group with an incidence rate ratio of 0.3 (95% confidence interval: 0.1-0.9). CONCLUSIONS HIV exposed uninfected infants in the lopinavir-ritonavir group reported less impacts on oral health than the lamivudine treatment group. Dental caries, gingivitis, and tooth eruption were not significantly affected by the treatment lopinavir-ritonavir or lamivudine. TRIAL REGISTRATION CLINICALTRIALS. GOV IDENTIFIER NCT00640263.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lars T. Fadnes
- Center for international health, Department of Global Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - James K. Tumwine
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University Kampala, Uganda
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Tenelanda-López D, Valdivia-Moral P, Castro-Sánchez M. Eating Habits and Their Relationship to Oral Health. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092619. [PMID: 32867393 PMCID: PMC7551577 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this research was to compare the healthy behaviors and caries index of young people in school to obtain an overview of their lifestyles, which would enable the development of educational programs for the promotion of oral health. The study design was carried out using a descriptive, cross-sectional, and observational methodology with a mixed approach. 380 twelve-year-old students participated in this research conducted in the city of Riobamba-Ecuador. The techniques used were observational and surveys with their respective instruments, the Dental Clinical History, and the Health Behavior in School-aged Children 2014-Spain questionnaire. The community index of the Decayed, Missing due to caries, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) reflected a high level (6.47) in the study subjects. A variety of foods such as fruits, chips, vegetables, candy, sugar-containing drinks, meat, fish, dairy, and cereals were consumed at least once a week by most students. Two statistically significant associations were demonstrated in this investigation. The first one was between fruit consumption and the DMFT index, the second one was between vegetable consumption and the DMFT index. Both associations showed significant values (p) of 0.049 and 0.028, respectively; these were not determining indicators since caries is a multifactorial pathology, which can develop not only as a product of poor eating habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennys Tenelanda-López
- Faculty of Natural Resources, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Riobamba EC060155, Ecuador
- School of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo, Riobamba 060150, Ecuador
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +593-9-9258-3944
| | - Pedro Valdivia-Moral
- Faculty of Education, Universidad de Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain; (P.V.-M.); (M.C.-S.)
| | - Manuel Castro-Sánchez
- Faculty of Education, Universidad de Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain; (P.V.-M.); (M.C.-S.)
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Al-Ansari A, El Tantawi M, AlMadan N, Nazir M, Gaffar B, Al-Khalifa K, AlBaty A. Internet Addiction, Oral Health Practices, Clinical Outcomes, and Self-Perceived Oral Health in Young Saudi Adults. ScientificWorldJournal 2020; 2020:7987356. [PMID: 32848514 PMCID: PMC7439169 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7987356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The study assessed the relationship between Internet addiction and oral health practices and clinical outcomes and whether this was affected by oral health perception. In 2017, a cross-sectional study included university students in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Questionnaires assessed demographic background, oral health practices (consuming sugar, tobacco use, and oral hygiene), perceived oral health, and Internet addiction. Caries experience and gingivitis were assessed using the World Health Organization criteria. The multivariate general linear analysis assessed the relationship between dependent variables (oral health practices, DMFT, and gingivitis) and exposure (Internet addiction). Data were available for 919 participants, 75.4% females, mean age = 19.8 years, and 1.6% with significant Internet use problem. The mean percentage of teeth with gingivitis was 8.5% and mean DMFT was 2.9. Among those with good perception of oral health and compared with participants with significant Internet use problem, average Internet users had lower consumption of sugar and tobacco (B = -6.52, P = 0.03 and B = -2.04, P = 0.03), better oral hygiene practices (B = 2.07, P = 0.33), higher DMFT (B = 2.53, P = 0.10), and lesser gingivitis (B = -15.45, P = 0.06). Internet addiction was associated with negative oral health practices and poor clinical outcomes among young Saudis. Holistic health promotion approaches need to address the negative impact of Internet addiction on health and oral health status for this at-risk age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Al-Ansari
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, P.O. Box 1982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Muhammad Nazir
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, P.O. Box 1982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, P.O. Box 1982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalifa Al-Khalifa
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, P.O. Box 1982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali AlBaty
- Ministry of Health, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Gao SS, Chu CH, Young FYF. Oral Health and Care for Elderly People with Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17165713. [PMID: 32784777 PMCID: PMC7460333 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dementia is one of the main causes of disability among elderly people. It is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects elderly people’s ability to perform daily living activities. Alzheimer’s disease is the main subtype of dementia and causes declining memory, reasoning, and communication skills. They also have behavioural and psychological symptoms, such as depression and aggression. It is essential for them to maintain good oral health, as oral health is an important and integral part of their general health. Neglecting oral health allows dental diseases to develop, and these diseases are difficult and costly to treat. However, dental diseases can be treated with ambulatory care rather than hospitalisation and emergency care. Elderly people should establish daily oral hygiene care routines during the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease. They should have regular dental examinations and early minimal interventions to prevent the need for extensive and complicated procedures. Maintaining oral health becomes challenging, however, when Alzheimer’s disease progresses to the middle and late stages. Because elderly people might forget or lose interest in keeping their teeth healthy, caretakers and community health workers may need to take over this task. Dentists should provide guidance on the maintenance of oral health, as the techniques used to provide this support vary depending on the elderly people concerned. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of oral health and the importance of oral care for elderly people with Alzheimer’s disease. The paper also discusses appropriate dental interventions and techniques for maintaining good oral health and helping people with Alzheimer’s to enjoy a satisfactory quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherry Shiqian Gao
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +852-2859-0439
| | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Fanny Yuk Fun Young
- Department of Business Administration, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, Hong Kong 999077, China;
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Wee JH, Park MW, Min C, Park IS, Park B, Choi HG. Poor oral health is associated with asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis in Korean adolescents: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21534. [PMID: 32756203 PMCID: PMC7402906 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between oral health and asthma/allergic rhinitis/atopic dermatitis in a large representative Korean adolescent population.A total of 136,027 participants (aged 12-18 years old) were selected from the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey 2014 to 2015. The subjects' history of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis was determined by inquiring whether they had been diagnosed by a medical doctor within the previous 12 months or throughout life. Participants were asked if they had experienced the following 6 symptoms regarding oral health in the past 12 months: "chipped or broken tooth," "toothache when eating or drinking," "throbbing and sore tooth," "sore and bleeding gums," "pain in the tongue or inside the cheeks," and "unpleasant breath." The participants were divided into 3 groups according to the number of oral health-related symptoms as follows: good oral health (symptoms = 0), moderate oral health (symptoms = 1), and poor oral health (symptoms = 2-6). Multiple logistic regression analyses calculated the adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for asthma/allergic rhinitis/atopic dermatitis within the past 12 months and throughout life among groups with oral health-related symptom groups.Older age, female sex, fewer days of physical activity, lower parental economic level, lower parental education level, smoking, and frequent alcohol consumption were associated with poor oral health (each P < .001). The aORs for asthma/allergic rhinitis/atopic dermatitis were 1.48 (95% CI = 1.34-1.63, P < .001), 1.42 (95% CI = 1.36-1.47, P < .001), and 1.35 (95% CI = 1.28-1.43, P < .001), respectively, in the poor oral health group compared to the good oral health group.Poor oral health was significantly correlated with the prevalence of asthma/allergic rhinitis/atopic dermatitis within the past 12 months and throughout life in Korean adolescents. Based on our comparative data, oral health-related education may be considered to adolescents with allergic disease for good oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Hye Wee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang
| | - Min Woo Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul
| | - Chanyang Min
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul
| | - Il-Seok Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Dongtan, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjung Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang
| | - Hyo Geun Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang
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Pfützner A, Lazzara M, Jantz J. Why Do People With Diabetes Have a High Risk for Severe COVID-19 Disease?-A Dental Hypothesis and Possible Prevention Strategy. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2020; 14:769-771. [PMID: 32506937 PMCID: PMC7673189 DOI: 10.1177/1932296820930287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Pfützner
- Pfützner Science & Health Institute, Mainz, Germany
- University for Digital Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, Wiltz, Luxemburg
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Tao ZY, Chu G, McGrath C, Hua F, Leung YY, Yang WF, Su YX. Nature and Diffusion of COVID-19-related Oral Health Information on Chinese Social Media: Analysis of Tweets on Weibo. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e19981. [PMID: 32501808 PMCID: PMC7296975 DOI: 10.2196/19981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social media has become increasingly important as a source of information for the public and is widely used for health-related information. The outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has exerted a negative impact on dental practices. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to analyze the nature and diffusion of COVID-19-related oral health information on the Chinese social media site Weibo. METHODS A total of 15,900 tweets related to oral health and dentistry information from Weibo during the COVID-19 outbreak in China (December 31, 2019, to March 16, 2020) were included in our study. Two researchers coded 1000 of the total tweets in advance, and two main thematic categories with eight subtypes were refined. The included tweets were analyzed over time and geographic region, and coded into eight thematic categories. Additionally, the time distributions of tweets containing information about dental services, needs of dental treatment, and home oral care during the COVID-19 epidemic were further analyzed. RESULTS People reacted rapidly to the emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 threat to dental services, and a large amount of COVID-19-related oral health information was tweeted on Weibo. The time and geographic distribution of tweets shared similarities with epidemiological data of the COVID-19 outbreak in China. Tweets containing home oral care and dental services content were the most frequently exchanged information (n=4803/15,900, 30.20% and n=4478, 28.16%, respectively). Significant differences of public attention were found between various types of bloggers in dental services-related tweets (P<.001), and the tweets from the government and media engaged the most public attention. The distributions of tweets containing information about dental services, needs of dental treatment, and home oral care information dynamically changed with time. CONCLUSIONS Our study overviewed and analyzed social media data on the dental services and oral health information during the COVID-19 epidemic, thus, providing insights for government organizations, media, and dental professionals to better facilitate oral health communication and efficiently shape public concern through social media when routine dental services are unavailable during an unprecedented event. The study of the nature and distribution of social media can serve as a useful adjunct tool to help make public health policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Ying Tao
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Research Center of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Guang Chu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Research Center of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Colman McGrath
- Applied Oral Sciences & Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Fang Hua
- Center for Evidence-Based Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yiu Yan Leung
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Wei-Fa Yang
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Yu-Xiong Su
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
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Hanisch M, Wiemann S, Bohner L, Jung S, Kleinheinz J, Igelbrink S. Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in People with Achalasia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56060286. [PMID: 32545217 PMCID: PMC7353885 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56060286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective: The oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of patients with achalasia has not been evaluated to date. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the OHRQoL of patients with achalasia and to get information about the time taken for diagnosis and oral symptoms. Materials and Methods: The study was conceived of as an anonymous epidemiological survey study in people with achalasia in order to assess their OHRQoL in each case. For this, a questionnaire was developed consisting of free-text questions and of the standardized German version of the OHIP-14 questionnaire. Results: In total, forty-four questionnaires were analyzed including 31 female and 13 male participants. Regardless of gender, the mean age was 50.57 years (range: 17–78). Of the surveyed individuals, seventy-nine-point-five-five percent had been diagnosed between 25 and 60 years of age. The period from the first signs of the disease to diagnosis was 6.15 years, irrespective of gender. The overall OHIP-14 score without gender differentiation was 8.72 points (range 0–48); the mean score of female participants was 11.13 (range: 0–48), and the OHIP score of male participants was 3.15 on average. Two participants reported oral symptoms. Conclusions: The already known problem of the delayed diagnosis of rare diseases was also confirmed in the case of achalasia. Females with achalasia seemed to be significantly affected by lower OHRQoL than males with achalasia and women of the general population. Demineralization of the tooth structure was described in two participants.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION it has been close to four years since the authors highlighted the total neglect of the oral health of street children in the Journal of Public Health Policy. Since then, the authorities appear to have simply turned the blind eye making this follow-up imperative. This follow-up report specifically examines the resultant oral health disparity between Nigeria's street children and Private, fee-paying secondary school students in Northern Nigeria. METHODS we conducted a cross-sectional comparative survey of randomly selected 12-14 years old street children (children of Quranic informal educational institutions) in Northern Nigeria while fee paying, private secondary school children served as controls. A simple close-ended questionnaire translated into Hausa language was used to assess oral health knowledge and the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index used to categorize oral hygiene status of the participants. RESULTS the mean age (SD) of the participating street children was 12.7 (0.86) while that of the private secondary school students (PSSS) was 13.05 (0.96). The majority (89%) of parents of street children compared with that (7%) of parents of students of private secondary schools had no western education. Only 6% of street children compared with 90% of PSSS cleaned their teeth for the right reasons. Only 5% of street children compared with 90% of private secondary school students used a fluoride-containing toothpaste. Though both groups of children have poor knowledge (street children 3%, private secondary school students 16%) on the use of dental floss, the mean oral hygiene score (SD) for street children was 4.42 (0.85) compared with 1.90 (0.09) for private secondary school students. There were striking differences in knowledge and practice with only 4% of street children compared with 69% of PSSS with knowledge about fluoride and its use (p < 0.0005). Also, 2% of street children compared with 40% of PSSS were aware of the benefits of regular dental visits. Sixty five (65%) of street children used finger and water only for tooth cleaning, none of the secondary school students practiced this (p = 0.0005). CONCLUSION there is disparity in oral health practice between Nigeria's street children and private secondary school children. This disparity may be attributed to lack of western education and socio-economic status.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adedapo Olanrewaju Afolabi
- Departement of Dental Services Federal Medical Centre Owo, Ondo State. Nigeria
- Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
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Soares GH, Santiago PHR, Michel-Crosato E, Jamieson L. The utility of network analysis in the context of Indigenous Australian oral health literacy. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233972. [PMID: 32492049 PMCID: PMC7269264 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study of oral health literacy (OHL) is likely to gain new and interesting insights with the use of network analysis, a powerful analytical tool that allows the investigation of complex systems of relationships. Our aim was to investigate the relationships between oral health literacy and oral health-related factors in a sample of Indigenous Australian adults using a network analysis approach. METHODS Data from 400 Indigenous Australian adults was used to estimate four regularised partial correlation networks. Initially, a network with the 14 items of the Health Literacy in Dentistry scale (HeLD-14) was estimated. In a second step, psychosocial, sociodemographic and oral health-related factors were included in the network. Finally, two networks were estimated for participants with high and low oral health literacy. Participants were categorised into 'high' or 'low' OHL networks based on a median split. Centrality measures, clustering coefficients, network stability, and edge accuracy were evaluated. A permutation-based test was used to test differences between networks. RESULTS Solid connections among HeLD-14 items followed the structure of theoretical domains across all networks. Oral health-related self-efficacy, sporting activities, and self-rated oral health status were the strongest positively associated nodes with items of the HeLD-14 scale. HeLD-14 items were the four most central nodes in both HeLD-14 + covariates network and high OHL network, but not in the low OHL network. Differences between high and low OHL models were observed in terms of overall network structure, edge weight, and clustering coefficient. CONCLUSION Network models captured the dynamic relationships between oral health literacy and psychosocial, sociodemographic and oral health-related factors. Discussion on the implications of these findings for informing the development of targeted interventions to improve oral health literacy is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lisa Jamieson
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Schmalz G, Eisner M, Binner C, Wagner J, Rast J, Kottmann T, Haak R, Oberbach A, Borger MA, Garbade J, Ziebolz D. Oral health-related quality of life of patients after heart transplantation and those with heart failure is associated with general health-related quality of life: a cross-sectional study. Qual Life Res 2020; 29:1621-1630. [PMID: 32020562 PMCID: PMC7253387 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-020-02439-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients after heart transplantation (HTx) and those with heart failure (HF). METHODS In total, 186 participants (HTx: 104, HF: 82) were recruited from the University Department for Cardiac Surgery, Leipzig Heart Centre, Germany. OHRQoL was assessed with the German short form of the oral health impact profile (OHIP-G14). Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was evaluated using the short form 36 survey (SF-36). Furthermore, the dental and periodontal treatment need was recorded. RESULTS With an OHIP-G14 sum score of 6.58 ± 6.40 [5; 2.5-8] in the HTx group and 5.54 ± 5.47 [5; 2-7] in the HF group, no clinically relevant or statistically significant difference was apparent (p = 0.39). The SF-36 scales for physical functioning, role-physical, general health and vitality were significantly worse in the HF group compared with the HTx group (pi < 0.01). A worse SF-36 physical component summary was significantly associated with a higher OHIP-G14 sum score (HTx: p < 0.01, HF: p = 0.04). In the HTx group, a significant association was also observed for the mental component summary (p < 0.01). Multiple regression analysis revealed physical component summary (p = 0.04) and mental component summary (p < 0.01) in HTx, and physical component summary (p = 0.02), mental component summary (p = 0.02) and smoking (p < 0.01) as significant predictors for OHIP G14 in HF. CONCLUSION The OHRQoL in HF and HTx patients appears to be mainly associated with general HRQoL. Therefore, multidisciplinary dental care concepts may be recommended to improve oral health conditions in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Schmalz
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mirjam Eisner
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Binner
- University Department for Cardiac Surgery, Leipzig Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Justus Wagner
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Josephine Rast
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Rainer Haak
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Oberbach
- Department of Diagnostics, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael A Borger
- University Department for Cardiac Surgery, Leipzig Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jens Garbade
- University Department for Cardiac Surgery, Leipzig Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dirk Ziebolz
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
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Mattheus D, Shannon M, Lim E. Benefits of Oral Health Education at Women, Infant, and Children (WIC) Clinic Visits: Assessments of Parent's Oral Health Beliefs, Behaviors and Dental Access in O'ahu, Hawai'i. Hawaii J Health Soc Welf 2020; 79:32-39. [PMID: 32490383 PMCID: PMC7260877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Improving oral health outcomes in Hawai'i for children and families remains a high priority. Children in the state are leading the nation with the highest caries rates, while women before, during, and after pregnancy are failing to receive regular and necessary dental care resulting in poor health outcomes. To answer for this need, an educational intervention was conducted among families enrolled in the Kapi'olani Medical Center for Women and Children's Women, Infant, and Children program (WIC) in O'ahu. The project included the following activities: (1) identification the oral health beliefs and behaviors of families, (2) providing oral health education to families, and (3) reassessing beliefs and behaviors in 3-6 months to document the impact of theeducation session. Participants consisted of 81 families resulting in the data on 176 children and 4 pregnant women. Of the 81 families, 40 representing84 children completed the follow-up oral health questionnaire. Results of the assessment and education demonstrated a positive impact on the family's oral health behaviors. Parents were 6.61 times as likely to report using fluoride toothpaste in the follow-up visit compared to their initial visit (95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.12-14.00). Additionally, statistically significant changes were noted in the frequency of children's daily tooth brushing (odds ratio [OR] = 2.15, 95% CI = 1.33-3.46), as well as in the incidence of children receiving fluoride varnish application over time (OR = 2.66, 95% CI = 1.50-4.73). These results provide further evidence that initiating a simple educational intervention can have a positive impact on oral health behaviors in groups that are at highest risk for developing dental disease in Hawai'i.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Mattheus
- Correspondence to: Deborah Mattheus PhD, CPNP, APRN-Rx; 2528 McCarthy Mall, Webster Hall 437, Honolulu, HI 96822;
| | - Maureen Shannon
- School of Nursing, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (MS)
| | - Eunjung Lim
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI (EL)
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Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Dental implant treatment (DIT) improves peoples’ oral health-related quality of life (OHQoL). Assessment of longitudinal changes in OHRQoL may be undermined by response shift (RS). RS is the process by which quality of life changes, independent of health status as a result recalibration, reprioritization or reconceptualization. Thus, this study aimed to describe RS in the OHRQoL and perceived oral health of individuals receiving DIT and to compare the then-test, a self-anchored scale and the classification and regression trees (CRT) approaches for assessing RS.
Methods
OHRQoL was assessed in 100 patients receiving DIT using the OHIP-Edent (n = 100) and a self-anchored scale (n = 45) before placement of the final restoration and 3 to 6 months after treatment was completed. The OHIP-Edent was also used as a retrospective assessment at follow-up. CRT examined changes in the OHIP-Edent total score as a dependent variable with global changes in oral health and each OHIP-Edent subscale score as independent variables.
Results
OHRQoL and perceived oral health improved after treatment. The OHIP-Edent score decreased from 36.4 at baseline to 12.7 after treatment. On average, participants recalibrated their internal standard downwards (− 4.0 OHIP-Edent points). CRT detected downwards recalibration in 5% of participants and upwards in 15%. Reprioritization was observed in the social disability and psychological discomfort aspects of OHRQoL.
Conclusions
RS affects longitudinal assessments of OHRQoL in DIT, reducing the apparent magnitude of change. The then-test and CRT are valid and complementary methods to assess RS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Machuca
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Claremont Crescent, Sheffield, S10 2TA, UK.
| | - Mario V Vettore
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Claremont Crescent, Sheffield, S10 2TA, UK
| | - Peter G Robinson
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS1 2LY, UK
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Chang Y, Lee JS, Lee KJ, Woo HG, Song TJ. Improved oral hygiene is associated with decreased risk of new-onset diabetes: a nationwide population-based cohort study. Diabetologia 2020; 63:924-933. [PMID: 32128623 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-020-05112-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Inflammation plays an important role in the development of diabetes, a major global health problem. Periodontal disease is also common in the general population. Because periodontal disease and poor oral hygiene can provoke transient bacteraemia and systemic inflammation, we hypothesised that periodontal disease and oral hygiene indicators would be associated with the occurrence of new-onset diabetes. METHODS In this study we analysed data collected between 2003 and 2006 on 188,013 subjects from the National Health Insurance System-Health Screening Cohort (NHIS-HEALS) in Korea who had no missing data for demographics, past medical history, oral hygiene indicators or laboratory findings. The presence of periodontal disease was defined on the basis of a modified version of ICD-10 codes (Korean Classification of Disease, sixth edition), if claims for treatment for acute periodontitis (K052), chronic periodontitis (K053) and periodontosis (K054) were made more than two times by a dentist, or if, according to medical records, subjects received treatment by a dentist for periodontal disease with ICD-10 codes K052, K053 or K054. Oral hygiene behaviours (number of tooth brushings, a dental visit for any reason and professional dental cleaning) were collected as self-reported data of dental health check-ups. Number of missing teeth was ascertained by dentists during oral health examination. The incidence of new-onset diabetes was defined according to ICD-10 codes E10-E14. The criterial included at least one claim per year for both visiting an outpatient clinic and admission accompanying prescription records for any glucose-lowering agent, or was based on a fasting plasma glucose ≥7 mmol/l from NHIS-HEALS. RESULTS Of the included subjects, 17.5% had periodontal disease. After a median follow-up of 10.0 years, diabetes developed in 31,545 (event rate: 16.1%, 95% CI 15.9%, 16.3%) subjects. In multivariable models, after adjusting for demographics, regular exercise, alcohol consumption, smoking status, vascular risk factors, history of malignancy and laboratory findings, the presence of periodontal disease (HR 1.09, 95% CI 1.07, 1.12, p < 0.001) and number of missing teeth (≥15 teeth) remained positively associated with occurrence of new-onset diabetes (HR 1.21, 95% CI 1.09, 1.33, p < 0.001, p for trend <0.001). Frequent tooth brushing (≥3 times/day) was negatively associated with occurrence of new-onset diabetes (HR 0.92, 95% CI 0.89, 0.95, p < 0.001, p for trend <0.001). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Frequent tooth brushing may be an attenuating factor and the presence of periodontal disease and an increased number of missing teeth may be augmenting factors for the occurrence of new-onset diabetes. Improving oral hygiene may be associated with a decreased risk of occurrence of new-onset diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonkyung Chang
- Department of Neurology, Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Sung Lee
- Clinical Research Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ki-Jung Lee
- Department of Neurology, Eunpyeong St Mary's Hospital, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ho Geol Woo
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, 260, Gonghang-daero, Gangseo-gu, 07804, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Song
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, 260, Gonghang-daero, Gangseo-gu, 07804, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Camerini AV, Silva AER, Prietsch SOM, Meucci RD, Soares MP, Belarmino V, Fernandes FDS. Regular dental care in preschoolers in rural Southern Brazil. Rev Saude Publica 2020; 54:37. [PMID: 32267371 PMCID: PMC7112741 DOI: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054001686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if factors related to the mother’s previous guidance on her children’s dental health and the school attendance of children influence the regular dental care of preschoolers living in the rural area of a municipality in Southern Brazil. METHODS: A population-based study was conducted with 264 children under five years of age and their mothers. Socioeconomic and behavioral data were collected using a questionnaire, and the children were subjected to dental health tests. The outcome was the regular use of dental services. The main exposure variables were children’s care in daycare centers or schools and maternal guidance on the child’s dental health. Poisson regression analysis with robust variance adjustment was used to estimate prevalence ratios, considering a 95% confidence interval. RESULTS: The prevalence of regular use was 11.4% (95%CI 7.5–15.2). In the adjusted analysis, the regular use of services was associated with the child attending day care center/school (PR = 2.44; 95%CI 1.38–4.34), and the mother received dental health guidance (PR = 4.13; 95%CI 1.77–9.61), even with control for socioeconomic, maternal and child variables. CONCLUSION: When mothers receive previous information on child dental health care and children attend schools or daycare centers, the likelihood of regular dental appointments in preschoolers living in rural locations increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Vieira Camerini
- Universidade Federal do Rio GrandeFaculdade de MedicinaRio GrandeRSBrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande. Faculdade de Medicina. Rio Grande, RS, Brasil
| | - Alexandre Emidio Ribeiro Silva
- Universidade Federal de PelotasFaculdade de OdontologiaDepartamento de Odontologia Social e PreventivaPelotasRSBrasilUniversidade Federal de Pelotas. Faculdade de Odontologia. Departamento de Odontologia Social e Preventiva. Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Silvio Omar Macedo Prietsch
- Universidade Federal do Rio GrandeFaculdade de MedicinaRio GrandeRSBrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande. Faculdade de Medicina. Rio Grande, RS, Brasil
| | - Rodrigo Dalke Meucci
- Universidade Federal do Rio GrandeFaculdade de MedicinaRio GrandeRSBrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande. Faculdade de Medicina. Rio Grande, RS, Brasil
| | - Mariane Pergher Soares
- Universidade Federal do Rio GrandeFaculdade de MedicinaRio GrandeRSBrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande. Faculdade de Medicina. Rio Grande, RS, Brasil
| | - Vanusa Belarmino
- Universidade Federal do Rio GrandeFaculdade de MedicinaRio GrandeRSBrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande. Faculdade de Medicina. Rio Grande, RS, Brasil
| | - Fabiana da Silva Fernandes
- Universidade Federal do Rio GrandeFaculdade de MedicinaRio GrandeRSBrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande. Faculdade de Medicina. Rio Grande, RS, Brasil
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