1
|
First detection of Cryptosporidium DNA in blood and cerebrospinal fluid of HIV-infected patients. Parasitol Res 2018; 117:875-881. [PMID: 29411108 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-018-5766-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Human cryptosporidiosis is an intestinal infection caused by different species belonging to the genus Cryptosporidium in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. The life cycle of Cryptosporidium sp. when affecting the digestive system is well known but the infection of other organs is less studied. Molecular methods are necessary for species and subtypes identification. The goal of this work is to propose a new approach that contributes to the diagnosis of the extra-intestinal dissemination process of Cryptosporidium infection. Cryptosporidium sp. was detected in stool and biopsy samples of two HIV-infected patients. DNA was extracted from feces, biopsy specimens, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). All samples were analyzed by nested PCR-RFLP of the 18S rDNA, real-time PCR, and gp60 subtyping. Cryptosporidium DNA was detected in stool and tissue samples and it was also present in blood and CSF samples. Both cases were characterized as Cryptosporidium hominis subtype IeA11G3T3. This is the first report that demonstrates the presence of Cryptosporidium DNA in blood and CSF of HIV-infected patients.
Collapse
|
2
|
Peralta RHS, Velásquez JN, Cunha FDS, Pantano ML, Sodré FC, Silva SD, Astudillo OG, Peralta JM, Carnevale S. Genetic diversity of Cryptosporidium identified in clinical samples from cities in Brazil and Argentina. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2016; 111:30-6. [PMID: 26814641 PMCID: PMC4727433 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760150303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification and characterisation of Cryptosporidiumgenotypes
and subtypes are fundamental to the study of cryptosporidiosis epidemiology, aiding
in prevention and control strategies. The objective was to determine the genetic
diversity ofCryptosporidium in samples obtained from hospitals of
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and Buenos Aires, Argentina. Samples were analysed by
microscopy and TaqMan polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays
forCryptosporidium detection, genotyped by nested-PCR-restriction
fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the 18S rRNA gene and subtyped by DNA
sequencing of the gp60 gene. Among the 89 samples from Rio de
Janeiro, Cryptosporidium spp were detected in 26 by
microscopy/TaqMan PCR. In samples from Buenos Aires,Cryptosporidium
was diagnosed in 15 patients of the 132 studied. The TaqMan PCR and the
nested-PCR-RFLP detected Cryptosporidium parvum,
Cryptosporidium hominis, and co-infections of both species. In
Brazilian samples, the subtypes IbA10G2 and IIcA5G3 were observed. The subtypes found
in Argentinean samples were IbA10G2, IaA10G1R4, IaA11G1R4, and IeA11G3T3, and mixed
subtypes of Ia and IIa families were detected in the co-infections. C.
hominis was the species more frequently detected, and subtype family Ib
was reported in both countries. Subtype diversity was higher in Buenos Aires than in
Rio de Janeiro and two new subtypes were described for the first time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Flavia de Souza Cunha
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - María Laura Pantano
- Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud Dr Carlos G Malbrán, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernando Campos Sodré
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - Sidnei da Silva
- Laboratório de Parasitologia, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Osvaldo Germán Astudillo
- Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud Dr Carlos G Malbrán, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - José Mauro Peralta
- Instituto de Microbiologia Prof Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Silvana Carnevale
- Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud Dr Carlos G Malbrán, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
DEL CHIERICO F, ONORI M, DI BELLA S, BORDI E, PETROSILLO N, MENICHELLA D, CACCIÒ SM, CALLEA F, PUTIGNANI L. Cases of cryptosporidiosis co-infections in AIDS patients: a correlation between clinical presentation and GP60 subgenotype lineages from aged formalin-fixed stool samples. ANNALS OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND PARASITOLOGY 2011; 105:339-49. [PMID: 21929875 PMCID: PMC3176465 DOI: 10.1179/1364859411y.0000000025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2011] [Revised: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Nine cases of cryptosporidiosis co-infections in AIDS patients were clinically categorised into severe (patients 1, 3, 8 and 9), moderate (patients 4 and 5) and mild (patients 2, 6 and 7). Formalin-fixed faecal specimens from these patients were treated to obtain high quality DNA competent for amplification and sequencing of the 60-kDa glycoprotein (GP60) gene. Sequence analysis revealed that one patient was infected with Cryptosporidium hominis whereas the remaining eight patients were infected with C. parvum. Interestingly, the patients showing severe cryptosporidiosis harboured two subtypes within the C. parvum allelic family IIc (IIcA5G3 and IIcA5G3R2), whereas patients with moderate or mild infections showed various subtypes of the C. parvum allelic family IIa (IIaA14G2R1, IIaA15G2R1, IIaA17G3R1 and IIaA18G3R1). DNA extraction and genotyping of Cryptosporidium spp. is a challenging task on formalin-fixed stool samples, whose diagnostic outcome is age-dependent. The method herein reported represents a step forward routine diagnosis and improves epidemiology of HIV-related clinical cases. Due to the need to elucidate genetic richness of Cryptosporidium human isolates, this approach represents a useful tool to correlate individual differences in symptoms to subgenotyping lineages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F DEL CHIERICO
- Microbiology Unit, Children’s Hospital and Research Institute ‘Bambino Gesù’, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - M ONORI
- Microbiology Unit, Children’s Hospital and Research Institute ‘Bambino Gesù’, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - S DI BELLA
- 2nd Infectious Diseases Division, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, ‘Lazzaro Spallanzani’, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - E BORDI
- Microbiology Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, ‘Lazzaro Spallanzani’, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - N PETROSILLO
- 2nd Infectious Diseases Division, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, ‘Lazzaro Spallanzani’, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - D MENICHELLA
- Microbiology Unit, Children’s Hospital and Research Institute ‘Bambino Gesù’, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - S M CACCIÒ
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immunomediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - F CALLEA
- Department of Pathology, Children’s Hospital and Research Institute ‘Bambino Gesù’, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - L PUTIGNANI
- Microbiology Unit, Children’s Hospital and Research Institute ‘Bambino Gesù’, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|