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Li H, Rodrat M, Al-Salmani MK, Veselu DF, Han ST, Raraigh KS, Cutting GR, Sheppard DN. Two rare variants that affect the same amino acid in CFTR have distinct responses to ivacaftor. J Physiol 2024; 602:333-354. [PMID: 38186087 PMCID: PMC10872379 DOI: 10.1113/jp285727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Some residues in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channel are the site of more than one CFTR variant that cause cystic fibrosis. Here, we investigated the function of S1159F and S1159P, two variants associated with different clinical phenotypes, which affect the same pore-lining residue in transmembrane segment 12 that are both strongly potentiated by ivacaftor when expressed in CFBE41o- bronchial epithelial cells. To study the single-channel behaviour of CFTR, we applied the patch-clamp technique to Chinese hamster ovary cells heterologously expressing CFTR variants incubated at 27°C to enhance channel residence at the plasma membrane. S1159F- and S1159P-CFTR formed Cl- channels activated by cAMP-dependent phosphorylation and gated by ATP that exhibited thermostability at 37°C. Both variants modestly reduced the single-channel conductance of CFTR. By severely attenuating channel gating, S1159F- and S1159P-CFTR reduced the open probability (Po ) of wild-type CFTR by ≥75% at ATP (1 mM); S1159F-CFTR caused the greater decrease in Po consistent with its more severe clinical phenotype. Ivacaftor (10-100 nM) doubled the Po of both CFTR variants without restoring Po values to wild-type levels, but concomitantly, ivacaftor decreased current flow through open channels. For S1159F-CFTR, the reduction of current flow was marked at high (supersaturated) ivacaftor concentrations (0.5-1 μM) and voltage-independent, identifying an additional detrimental action of elevated ivacaftor concentrations. In conclusion, S1159F and S1159P are gating variants, which also affect CFTR processing and conduction, but not stability, necessitating the use of combinations of CFTR modulators to optimally restore their channel activity. KEY POINTS: Dysfunction of the ion channel cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) causes the genetic disease cystic fibrosis (CF). This study investigated two rare pathogenic CFTR variants, S1159F and S1159P, which affect the same amino acid in CFTR, to understand the molecular basis of disease and response to the CFTR-targeted therapy ivacaftor. Both rare variants diminished CFTR function by modestly reducing current flow through the channel and severely inhibiting ATP-dependent channel gating with S1159F exerting the stronger adverse effect, which correlates with its association with more severe disease. Ivacaftor potentiated channel gating by both rare variants without restoring their activity to wild-type levels, but concurrently reduced current flow through open channels, particularly those of S1159F-CFTR. Our data demonstrate that S1159F and S1159P cause CFTR dysfunction by multiple mechanisms that require combinations of CFTR-targeted therapies to fully restore channel function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Li
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Mayuree Rodrat
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Center of Research and Development for Biomedical Instrumentation, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Majid K Al-Salmani
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al Khoudh, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | | | - Sangwoo T Han
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Karen S Raraigh
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Garry R Cutting
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - David N Sheppard
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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2
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Bear C, Ratjen F. Charting the path to expanded access for CFTR modulator drugs: the nose knows. Eur Respir J 2023; 62:2301387. [PMID: 37857432 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01387-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Bear
- Molecular Medicine, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Felix Ratjen
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Translational Medicine, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
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3
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Allan KM, Astore MA, Kardia E, Wong SL, Fawcett LK, Bell JL, Visser S, Chen PC, Griffith R, Jaffe A, Sivam S, Vittorio O, Kuyucak S, Waters SA. Q1291H-CFTR molecular dynamics simulations and ex vivo theratyping in nasal epithelial models and clinical response to elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor in a Q1291H/F508del patient. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1148501. [PMID: 37325471 PMCID: PMC10267335 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1148501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by a wide spectrum of mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, with some leading to non-classical clinical presentations. We present an integrated in vivo, in silico and in vitro investigation of an individual with CF carrying the rare Q1291H-CFTR allele and the common F508del allele. At age 56 years, the participant had obstructive lung disease and bronchiectasis, qualifying for Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor (ETI) CFTR modulator treatment due to their F508del allele. Q1291H CFTR incurs a splicing defect, producing both a normally spliced but mutant mRNA isoform and a misspliced isoform with a premature termination codon, causing nonsense mediated decay. The effectiveness of ETI in restoring Q1291H-CFTR is largely unknown. Methods: We collected clinical endpoint measurements, including forced expiratory volume in 1 s percent predicted (FEV1pp) and body mass index (BMI), and examined medical history. In silico simulations of the Q1291H-CFTR were compared to Q1291R, G551D, and wild-type (WT)-CFTR. We quantified relative Q1291H CFTR mRNA isoform abundance in patient-derived nasal epithelial cells. Differentiated pseudostratified airway epithelial cell models at air liquid interface were created and ETI treatment impact on CFTR was assessed by electrophysiology assays and Western blot. Results: The participant ceased ETI treatment after 3 months due to adverse events and no improvement in FEV1pp or BMI. In silico simulations of Q1291H-CFTR identified impairment of ATP binding similar to known gating mutants Q1291R and G551D-CFTR. Q1291H and F508del mRNA transcripts composed 32.91% and 67.09% of total mRNA respectively, indicating 50.94% of Q1291H mRNA was misspliced and degraded. Mature Q1291H-CFTR protein expression was reduced (3.18% ± 0.60% of WT/WT) and remained unchanged with ETI. Baseline CFTR activity was minimal (3.45 ± 0.25 μA/cm2) and not enhanced with ETI (5.73 ± 0.48 μA/cm2), aligning with the individual's clinical evaluation as a non-responder to ETI. Conclusion: The combination of in silico simulations and in vitro theratyping in patient-derived cell models can effectively assess CFTR modulator efficacy for individuals with non-classical CF manifestations or rare CFTR mutations, guiding personalized treatment strategies and optimizing clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelin M Allan
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Miro A Astore
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Egi Kardia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sharon L Wong
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Laura K Fawcett
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jessica L Bell
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Children's Cancer Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Simone Visser
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Po-Chia Chen
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Renate Griffith
- School of Natural Sciences (Chemistry), University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Adam Jaffe
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sheila Sivam
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Orazio Vittorio
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Children's Cancer Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Serdar Kuyucak
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shafagh A Waters
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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4
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Lee RE, Reidel B, Nelson MR, Macdonald JK, Kesimer M, Randell SH. Air-Liquid Interface Cultures to Model Drug Delivery through the Mucociliary Epithelial Barrier. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 198:114866. [PMID: 37196698 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial cells from mucociliary portions of the airways can be readily grown and expanded in vitro. When grown on a porous membrane at an air-liquid interface (ALI) the cells form a confluent, electrically resistive barrier separating the apical and basolateral compartments. ALI cultures replicate key morphological, molecular and functional features of the in vivo epithelium, including mucus secretion and mucociliary transport. Apical secretions contain secreted gel-forming mucins, shed cell-associated tethered mucins, and hundreds of additional molecules involved in host defense and homeostasis. The respiratory epithelial cell ALI model is a time-proven workhorse that has been employed in various studies elucidating the structure and function of the mucociliary apparatus and disease pathogenesis. It serves as a critical milestone test for small molecule and genetic therapies targeting airway diseases. To fully exploit the potential of this important tool, numerous technical variables must be thoughtfully considered and carefully executed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhianna E Lee
- Marsico Lung Institute and Cystic Fibrosis Research Center; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology
| | - Boris Reidel
- Marsico Lung Institute and Cystic Fibrosis Research Center; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Mark R Nelson
- Marsico Lung Institute and Cystic Fibrosis Research Center
| | | | - Mehmet Kesimer
- Marsico Lung Institute and Cystic Fibrosis Research Center; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Scott H Randell
- Marsico Lung Institute and Cystic Fibrosis Research Center; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology
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5
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Wong SL, Kardia E, Vijayan A, Umashankar B, Pandzic E, Zhong L, Jaffe A, Waters SA. Molecular and Functional Characteristics of Airway Epithelium under Chronic Hypoxia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076475. [PMID: 37047450 PMCID: PMC10095024 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Localized and chronic hypoxia of airway mucosa is a common feature of progressive respiratory diseases, including cystic fibrosis (CF). However, the impact of prolonged hypoxia on airway stem cell function and differentiated epithelium is not well elucidated. Acute hypoxia alters the transcription and translation of many genes, including the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). CFTR-targeted therapies (modulators) have not been investigated in vitro under chronic hypoxic conditions found in CF airways in vivo. Nasal epithelial cells (hNECs) derived from eight CF and three non-CF participants were expanded and differentiated at the air-liquid interface (26-30 days) at ambient and 2% oxygen tension (hypoxia). Morphology, global proteomics (LC-MS/MS) and function (barrier integrity, cilia motility and ion transport) of basal stem cells and differentiated cultures were assessed. hNECs expanded at chronic hypoxia, demonstrating epithelial cobblestone morphology and a similar proliferation rate to hNECs expanded at normoxia. Hypoxia-inducible proteins and pathways in stem cells and differentiated cultures were identified. Despite the stem cells' plasticity and adaptation to chronic hypoxia, the differentiated epithelium was significantly thinner with reduced barrier integrity. Stem cell lineage commitment shifted to a more secretory epithelial phenotype. Motile cilia abundance, length, beat frequency and coordination were significantly negatively modulated. Chronic hypoxia reduces the activity of epithelial sodium and CFTR ion channels. CFTR modulator drug response was diminished. Our findings shed light on the molecular pathophysiology of hypoxia and its implications in CF. Targeting hypoxia can be a strategy to augment mucosal function and may provide a means to enhance the efficacy of CFTR modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon L Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Egi Kardia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Abhishek Vijayan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Bala Umashankar
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Elvis Pandzic
- Katharina Gaus Light Microscopy Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Ling Zhong
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Adam Jaffe
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Shafagh A Waters
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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6
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Guimbellot JS, Nichols DP, Brewington JJ. Novel Applications of Biomarkers and Personalized Medicine in Cystic Fibrosis. Clin Chest Med 2022; 43:617-630. [PMID: 36344070 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
As routine care in cystic fibrosis (CF) becomes increasingly personalized, new opportunities to further focus care on the individual have emerged. These opportunities are increasingly filled through research in tools aiding drug selection, drug monitoring and titration, disease-relevant biomarkers, and evaluation of therapeutic benefits. Herein, we will discuss such research tools presently being translated into the clinic to improve the personalization of care in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer S Guimbellot
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham; 1600 7th Avenue South, ACC 620, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - David P Nichols
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington School of Medicine, Building Cure, 1920 Terry Avenue, Office 4-209, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - John J Brewington
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 2021, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
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7
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Corcoran TE, Bertrand CA, Myerburg MM, Weiner DJ, Frizzell SA, Li A, Agostini B, Parker RS, Shapiro ME, Muthukrishnan A, Hages ND, Mulhern BP, Pilewski JM. Nasal epithelial cell culture fluorescence recovery after photobleaching predicts cystic fibrosis therapeutic response. ERJ Open Res 2022; 8:00382-2022. [PMID: 36655223 PMCID: PMC9835985 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00382-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human nasal epithelial (HNE) cells can be sampled noninvasively and cultured to provide a model of the airway epithelium that reflects cystic fibrosis (CF) pathophysiology. We hypothesised that in vitro measures of HNE cell physiology would correlate directly with in vivo measures of lung physiology and therapeutic response, providing a framework for using HNE cells for therapeutic development and precision medicine. Methods We sampled nasal cells from participants with CF (CF group, n=26), healthy controls (HC group, n=14) and single CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) mutation carrier parents of the CF group (CR group, n=16). Participants underwent lung physiology and sweat chloride testing, and nuclear imaging-based measurement of mucociliary clearance (MCC) and small-molecule absorption (ABS). CF participants completed a second imaging day that included hypertonic saline (HS) inhalation to assess therapeutic response in terms of MCC. HNE measurements included Ussing chamber electrophysiology, small-molecule and liquid absorption rates, and particle diffusion rates through the HNE airway surface liquid (ASL) measured using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP). Results Long FRAP diffusion times were associated with increased MCC response to HS in CF. This implies a strong relationship between inherent factors affecting ASL mucin concentration and therapeutic response to a hydrating therapy. MCC decreased with age in the CR group, which had a larger range of ages than the other two groups. Likely this indicates a general age-related effect that may be accentuated in this group. Measures of lung ABS correlated with sweat chloride in both the HC and CF groups, indicating that CFTR function drives this measure of paracellular small-molecule probe absorption. Conclusions Our results demonstrate the utility of HNE cultures for assessing therapeutic response for hydrating therapies. In vitro measurements of FRAP were particularly useful for predicting response and for characterising important properties of ASL mucus that were ultimately reflected in lung physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy E. Corcoran
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Carol A. Bertrand
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michael M. Myerburg
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daniel J. Weiner
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sheila A. Frizzell
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anna Li
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Brittani Agostini
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robert S. Parker
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Monica E. Shapiro
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Nicholas D. Hages
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Brian P. Mulhern
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Joseph M. Pilewski
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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8
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Cholon DM, Gentzsch M. Established and novel human translational models to advance cystic fibrosis research, drug discovery, and optimize CFTR-targeting therapeutics. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2022; 64:102210. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2022.102210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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9
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Wong SL, Awatade NT, Astore MA, Allan KM, Carnell MJ, Slapetova I, Chen PC, Setiadi J, Pandzic E, Fawcett LK, Widger JR, Whan RM, Griffith R, Ooi CY, Kuyucak S, Jaffe A, Waters SA. Molecular Dynamics and Theratyping in Airway and Gut Organoids Reveal R352Q-CFTR Conductance Defect. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2022; 67:99-111. [PMID: 35471184 PMCID: PMC9273222 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2021-0337oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A significant challenge to making targeted cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator therapies accessible to all individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) are many mutations in the CFTR gene that can cause CF, most of which remain uncharacterized. Here, we characterized the structural and functional defects of the rare CFTR mutation R352Q, with a potential role contributing to intrapore chloride ion permeation, in patient-derived cell models of the airway and gut. CFTR function in differentiated nasal epithelial cultures and matched intestinal organoids was assessed using an ion transport assay and forskolin-induced swelling assay, respectively. CFTR potentiators (VX-770, GLPG1837, and VX-445) and correctors (VX-809, VX-445, with or without VX-661) were tested. Data from R352Q-CFTR were compared with data of 20 participants with mutations with known impact on CFTR function. R352Q-CFTR has residual CFTR function that was restored to functional CFTR activity by CFTR potentiators but not the corrector. Molecular dynamics simulations of R352Q-CFTR were carried out, which indicated the presence of a chloride conductance defect, with little evidence supporting a gating defect. The combination approach of in vitro patient-derived cell models and in silico molecular dynamics simulations to characterize rare CFTR mutations can improve the specificity and sensitivity of modulator response predictions and aid in their translational use for CF precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon L Wong
- University of New South Wales, 7800, School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,University of New South Wales, 7800, Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nikhil T Awatade
- University of New South Wales, 7800, School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,University of New South Wales, 7800, Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Miro A Astore
- The University of Sydney, 4334, School of Physics, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katelin M Allan
- University of New South Wales, 7800, School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,University of New South Wales, 7800, Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael J Carnell
- University of New South Wales, 7800, Biomedical Imaging Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Iveta Slapetova
- University of New South Wales, 7800, Biomedical Imaging Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Po-Chia Chen
- The University of Sydney, 4334, School of Physics, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jeffry Setiadi
- The University of Sydney, 4334, School of Physics, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elvis Pandzic
- University of New South Wales, 7800, Biomedical Imaging Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Cen, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Laura K Fawcett
- University of New South Wales, 7800, School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,University of New South Wales, 7800, Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Children's Hospital Randwick, 63623, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John R Widger
- University of New South Wales, 7800, School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,University of New South Wales, 7800, Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Children's Hospital Randwick, 63623, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Renee M Whan
- University of New South Wales, 7800, Biomedical Imaging Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Renate Griffith
- University of New South Wales, 7800, School of Chemistry, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Chee Y Ooi
- Sydney Children's Hospital Randwick, Gastroenterology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Serdar Kuyucak
- The University of Sydney, 4334, School of Physics, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Adam Jaffe
- Sydney Children`s Hospital, Respiratory Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,University of New South Wales, 7800, School of Women`s and Children`s Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shafagh A Waters
- Sydney Children's Hospital, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Univeristy of New South Wales, School of Women's and Children's Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia;
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10
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Wong SL, Awatade NT, Astore MA, Allan KM, Carnell MJ, Slapetova I, Chen PC, Capraro A, Fawcett LK, Whan RM, Griffith R, Ooi CY, Kuyucak S, Jaffe A, Waters SA. Molecular dynamics and functional characterization of I37R-CFTR lasso mutation provide insights into channel gating activity. iScience 2022; 25:103710. [PMID: 35072004 PMCID: PMC8761696 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Characterization of I37R, a mutation located in the lasso motif of the CFTR chloride channel, was conducted by theratyping several CFTR modulators from both potentiator and corrector classes. Intestinal current measurements in rectal biopsies, forskolin-induced swelling (FIS) in intestinal organoids, and short circuit current measurements in organoid-derived monolayers from an individual with I37R/F508del CFTR genotype demonstrated that the I37R-CFTR results in a residual function defect amenable to treatment with potentiators and type III, but not type I, correctors. Molecular dynamics of I37R using an extended model of the phosphorylated, ATP-bound human CFTR identified an altered lasso motif conformation which results in an unfavorable strengthening of the interactions between the lasso motif, the regulatory (R) domain, and the transmembrane domain 2 (TMD2). Structural and functional characterization of the I37R-CFTR mutation increases understanding of CFTR channel regulation and provides a potential pathway to expand drug access to CF patients with ultra-rare genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon L. Wong
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nikhil T. Awatade
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Miro A. Astore
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Katelin M. Allan
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael J. Carnell
- Katharina Gaus Light Microscopy Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Iveta Slapetova
- Katharina Gaus Light Microscopy Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Po-chia Chen
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Alexander Capraro
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Laura K. Fawcett
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | - Renee M. Whan
- Katharina Gaus Light Microscopy Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Chee Y. Ooi
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | - Serdar Kuyucak
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Adam Jaffe
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | - Shafagh A. Waters
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Australia
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11
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Allan KM, Astore MA, Fawcett LK, Wong SL, Chen PC, Griffith R, Jaffe A, Kuyucak S, Waters SA. S945L-CFTR molecular dynamics, functional characterization and tezacaftor/ivacaftor efficacy in vivo and in vitro in matched pediatric patient-derived cell models. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1062766. [PMID: 36467478 PMCID: PMC9709344 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1062766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic Fibrosis (CF) results from over 400 different disease-causing mutations in the CF Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene. These CFTR mutations lead to numerous defects in CFTR protein function. A novel class of targeted therapies (CFTR modulators) have been developed that can restore defects in CFTR folding and gating. This study aimed to characterize the functional and structural defects of S945L-CFTR and interrogate the efficacy of modulators with two modes of action: gating potentiator [ivacaftor (IVA)] and folding corrector [tezacaftor (TEZ)]. The response to these modulators in vitro in airway differentiated cell models created from a participant with S945L/G542X-CFTR was correlated with in vivo clinical outcomes of that participant at least 12 months pre and post modulator therapy. In this participants' airway cell models, CFTR-mediated chloride transport was assessed via ion transport electrophysiology. Monotherapy with IVA or TEZ increased CFTR activity, albeit not reaching statistical significance. Combination therapy with TEZ/IVA significantly (p = 0.02) increased CFTR activity 1.62-fold above baseline. Assessment of CFTR expression and maturation via western blot validated the presence of mature, fully glycosylated CFTR, which increased 4.1-fold in TEZ/IVA-treated cells. The in vitro S945L-CFTR response to modulator correlated with an improvement in in vivo lung function (ppFEV1) from 77.19 in the 12 months pre TEZ/IVA to 80.79 in the 12 months post TEZ/IVA. The slope of decline in ppFEV1 significantly (p = 0.02) changed in the 24 months post TEZ/IVA, becoming positive. Furthermore, there was a significant improvement in clinical parameters and a fall in sweat chloride from 68 to 28 mmol/L. The mechanism of dysfunction of S945L-CFTR was elucidated by in silico molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. S945L-CFTR caused misfolding of transmembrane helix 8 and disruption of the R domain, a CFTR domain critical to channel gating. This study showed in vitro and in silico that S945L causes both folding and gating defects in CFTR and demonstrated in vitro and in vivo that TEZ/IVA is an efficacious modulator combination to address these defects. As such, we support the utility of patient-derived cell models and MD simulations in predicting and understanding the effect of modulators on CFTR function on an individualized basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelin M Allan
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Miro A Astore
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Laura K Fawcett
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sharon L Wong
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Po-Chia Chen
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Renate Griffith
- School of Natural Sciences (Chemistry), University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Adam Jaffe
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Serdar Kuyucak
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shafagh A Waters
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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12
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Dumas MP, Xia S, Bear CE, Ratjen F. Perspectives on the translation of in-vitro studies to precision medicine in Cystic Fibrosis. EBioMedicine 2021; 73:103660. [PMID: 34740114 PMCID: PMC8577330 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent strides towards precision medicine in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) have been made possible by patient-derived in-vitro assays with the potential to predict clinical response to small molecule-based therapies. Here, we discuss the status of primary and stem-cell derived tissues used to evaluate the preclinical efficacy of CFTR modulators highlighting both their potential and limitations. Validation of these assays requires correlation of in-vitro responses to in-vivo measures of clinical biomarkers of disease outcomes. While initial efforts have shown some success, this translation requires methodologies that are sensitive enough to capture treatment responses in a CF population that now predominantly has mild lung disease. Future development of in-vitro and in-vivo biomarkers will facilitate the generation of new therapeutics particularly for those patients with rare mutations where clinical trials are not feasible so that in the future every CF patient will have access to effective targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Pier Dumas
- Respiratory Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sunny Xia
- Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Christine E Bear
- Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Biochemistry University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Felix Ratjen
- Respiratory Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
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13
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Three-Dimensional Airway Spheroids and Organoids for Cystic Fibrosis Research. JOURNAL OF RESPIRATION 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/jor1040022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive multi-organ disease caused by mutations in the CF Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene, with morbidity and mortality primacy related to the lung disease. The CFTR protein, a chloride/bicarbonate channel, is expressed at the apical side of airway epithelial cells and is mainly involved in appropriate ion and fluid transport across the epithelium. Although many animal and cellular models have been developed to study the pathophysiological consequences of the lack/dysfunction of CFTR, only the three-dimensional (3D) structures termed “spheroids” and “organoids” can enable the reconstruction of airway mucosa to model organ development, disease pathophysiology, and drug screening. Airway spheroids and organoids can be derived from different sources, including adult lungs and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), each with its advantages and limits. Here, we review the major features of airway spheroids and organoids, anticipating that their potential in the CF field has not been fully shown. Further work is mandatory to understand whether they can accomplish better outcomes than other culture conditions of airway epithelial cells for CF personalized therapies and tissue engineering aims.
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14
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Nasal Epithelial Cell-Based Models for Individualized Study in Cystic Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094448. [PMID: 33923202 PMCID: PMC8123210 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of highly effective CFTR modulator therapy has led to significant improvements in health care for most patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). For some, however, these therapies remain inaccessible due to the rarity of their individual CFTR variants, or due to a lack of biologic activity of the available therapies for certain variants. One proposed method of addressing this gap is the use of primary human cell-based models, which allow preclinical therapeutic testing and physiologic assessment of relevant tissue at the individual level. Nasal cells represent one such tissue source and have emerged as a powerful model for individual disease study. The ex vivo culture of nasal cells has evolved over time, and modern nasal cell models are beginning to be utilized to predict patient outcomes. This review will discuss both historical and current state-of-the art use of nasal cells for study in CF, with a particular focus on the use of such models to inform personalized patient care.
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15
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Park JK, Shrivastava A, Zhang C, Pollok BA, Finkbeiner WE, Gibb ER, Ly NP, Illek B. Functional Profiling of CFTR-Directed Therapeutics Using Pediatric Patient-Derived Nasal Epithelial Cell Models. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:536. [PMID: 33014932 PMCID: PMC7500161 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional profiling of CFTR-directed therapeutics offers the potential to provide significant benefits to young people with cystic fibrosis (CF). However, the development of 2D airway epithelial cell models for individual response tests in CF children remains a central task. The objective of this study was to determine the utility of EpiXTM technology for expansion of nasal epithelial cells for use in electrophysiological CFTR function measurements. An initial harvest of as few as 20,000 cells was sufficient to expand up to 50 million cells that were used to generate air-liquid interface (ALI) cultures for ion transport studies with the Ussing assay. CFTR function was assessed by measuring responses to forskolin and the CFTR potentiator VX-770 (ivacaftor) in ALI cultures generated from passage 3 and 4 cells. Short-circuit current (Isc) measurements of blocked CFTR currents (ΔICFTRinh) discriminated CFTR function between healthy control (wild type, WT) and patients with intermediate (F508del/R117H-7T: 56% WT) and severe (F508del/F508del: 12% WT) CF disease. For the mixed genotypes, CFTR activity for F508del/c.850dupA was 12% WT, R334W/406-1G>A was 24% WT, and CFTRdele2,3(21 kb)/CFTRdele2,3(21 kb) was 9% WT. The CFTR correctors VX-809 (lumacaftor) and VX-661 (tezacaftor) significantly increased CFTR currents for F508del/R117H to 73 and 67% WT, respectively. Cultures with the large deletion mutation CFTRdele2,3(21 kb) unexpectedly responded to VX-661 treatment (20% WT). Amiloride-sensitive sodium currents were robust and ranged between 20-80 μA/cm2 depending on the subject. In addition to characterizing the electrophysiological profile of mutant CFTR activity in cultures for five genotypes, our study exemplifies the promising paradigm of bed-to-bench side cooperation and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey KiHyun Park
- UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA, United States
| | | | | | | | - Walter E Finkbeiner
- Department of Pathology, UCSF and Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Elizabeth R Gibb
- Department of Pediatrics, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Ngoc P Ly
- Department of Pediatrics, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Beate Illek
- UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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16
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Savant AP, McColley SA. Cystic fibrosis year in review 2018, part 1. Pediatr Pulmonol 2019; 54:1117-1128. [PMID: 31106528 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis research and case reports were robust in the year 2018. This report summarizes research and cases related to Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) modulator therapies, inflammation and infection, epidemiology and the physiologic, and imaging assessment of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne P Savant
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.,Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Chicago, Illinois.,Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Susanna A McColley
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.,Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Chicago, Illinois.,Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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17
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Matthes E, Goepp J, Martini C, Shan J, Liao J, Thomas DY, Hanrahan JW. Variable Responses to CFTR Correctors in vitro: Estimating the Design Effect in Precision Medicine. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1490. [PMID: 30618775 PMCID: PMC6305743 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Interest in precision medicine has grown in recent years due to the variable clinical benefit provided by some medications, their cost, and by new opportunities to tailor therapies to individual patients. In cystic fibrosis it may soon be possible to test several corrector drugs that improve the folding and functional expression of mutant cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) prospectively using cells from a patient to find the one that is best for that individual. Patient-to-patient variation in cell culture responses to correctors and the reproducibility of those responses has not been studied quantitatively. We measured the functional correction provided by lumacaftor (VX-809) using bronchial epithelial cells from 20 patients homozygous for the F508del-CFTR mutation. Significant differences were observed between individuals, supporting the utility of prospective testing. However, when correction of F508del-CFTR was measured repeatedly using cell aliquots from the same individuals, a design effect was observed that would impact statistical tests of significance. The results suggest that the sample size obtained from power calculations should be increased to compensate for group sampling when CFTR corrector drugs are compared in vitro for precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Matthes
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Julie Goepp
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Carolina Martini
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jiajie Shan
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jie Liao
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - David Y. Thomas
- Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - John W. Hanrahan
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
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18
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Awatade NT, Wong SL, Hewson CK, Fawcett LK, Kicic A, Jaffe A, Waters SA. Human Primary Epithelial Cell Models: Promising Tools in the Era of Cystic Fibrosis Personalized Medicine. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1429. [PMID: 30581387 PMCID: PMC6293199 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited disorder where individual disease etiology and response to therapeutic intervention is impacted by CF transmembrane regulator (CFTR) mutations and other genetic modifiers. CFTR regulates multiple mechanisms in a diverse range of epithelial tissues. In this Review, we consolidate the latest updates in the development of primary epithelial cellular model systems relevant for CF. We discuss conventional two-dimensional (2-D) airway epithelial cell cultures, the backbone of in vitro cellular models to date, as well as improved expansion protocols to overcome finite supply of the cellular source. We highlight a range of strategies for establishment of three dimensional (3-D) airway and intestinal organoid models and evaluate the limitations and potential improvements in each system, focusing on their application in CF. The in vitro CFTR functional assays in patient-derived organoids allow for preclinical pharmacotherapy screening to identify responsive patients. It is likely that organoids will be an invaluable preclinical tool to unravel disease mechanisms, design novel treatments, and enable clinicians to provide personalized management for patients with CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil T. Awatade
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sharon L. Wong
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chris K. Hewson
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Laura K. Fawcett
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anthony Kicic
- Centre for Child Health Research, Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Occupation and Environment, School of Public Health, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Adam Jaffe
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shafagh A. Waters
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Centre (miCF_RC), School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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19
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Archibald K, Tsaioun K, Kenna JG, Pound P. Better science for safer medicines: the human imperative. J R Soc Med 2018; 111:433-438. [PMID: 30439294 PMCID: PMC6295948 DOI: 10.1177/0141076818812783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Katya Tsaioun
- Evidence-Based Toxicology Collaboration, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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20
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de Winter-de Groot KM, Janssens HM, van Uum RT, Dekkers JF, Berkers G, Vonk A, Kruisselbrink E, Oppelaar H, Vries R, Clevers H, Houwen RH, Escher JC, Elias SG, de Jonge HR, de Rijke YB, Tiddens HA, van der Ent CK, Beekman JM. Stratifying infants with cystic fibrosis for disease severity using intestinal organoid swelling as a biomarker of CFTR function. Eur Respir J 2018; 52:13993003.02529-2017. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02529-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Forskolin-induced swelling (FIS) of intestinal organoids from individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) measures function of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), the protein mutated in CF.We investigated whether FIS corresponds with clinical outcome parameters and biomarkers of CFTR function in 34 infants diagnosed with CF. Relationships with FIS were studied for indicators of pulmonary and gastrointestinal disease.Children with low FIS had higher levels of immunoreactive trypsinogen (p=0.030) and pancreatitis-associated protein (p=0.039), more often had pancreatic insufficiency (p<0.001), had more abnormalities on chest computed tomography (p=0.049), and had lower z-scores for maximal expiratory flow at functional residual capacity (p=0.033) when compared to children with high FIS values. FIS significantly correlated with sweat chloride concentration (SCC) and intestinal current measurement (ICM) (r= −0.82 and r=0.70, respectively; both p<0.001). Individual assessment of SCC, ICM and FIS suggested that FIS can help to classify individual disease severity.Thus, stratification by FIS identified subgroups that differed in pulmonary and gastrointestinal outcome parameters. FIS of intestinal organoids correlated well with established CFTR-dependent biomarkers such as SCC and ICM, and performed adequately at group and individual level in this proof-of-concept study.
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