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Kronborg TM, Schierwagen R, Trošt K, Gao Q, Moritz T, Bendtsen F, Gantzel RH, Andersen ML, Teisner AS, Grønbæk H, Hobolth L, Møller S, Trebicka J, Kimer N. Atorvastatin for patients with cirrhosis. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Hepatol Commun 2023; 7:e0332. [PMID: 38051553 PMCID: PMC10697620 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension face a high risk of complications. Besides their anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects, statins may reduce portal pressure and thus the risk of complications and mortality. We aimed to investigate the effects of atorvastatin on hospital admissions, mortality, inflammation, and lipidomics in cirrhosis with portal hypertension. METHODS We performed a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial among patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Atorvastatin (10-20 mg/d) was administered for 6 months. We measured splanchnic hemodynamics, analyzed inflammatory markers, and performed lipidomics at baseline and after 6 months. RESULTS Seventy-eight patients were randomized, with 38 patients allocated to atorvastatin and 40 patients to placebo. Fifty-nine patients completed 6 months of intervention. Comparisons between changes in each group were calculated. Liver-related complications and mortality were similar between the groups. The HVPG and Model for End-stage Liver Disease score did not change between groups (p=0.95 and 0.87, respectively). Atorvastatin decreased 3 of 42 inflammatory markers, CD62-L-selectin, matrix metalloproteinases-2, and TNF-α (p-values: 0.005, 0.011, and 0.023, respectively), while lipidomics was not significantly changed. CONCLUSIONS In patients with cirrhosis, atorvastatin was safe to use, but did not reduce mortality, the risk of liver-related complications, or the HVPG. Atorvastatin induced minor anti-inflammatory effects and minor effects on lipids during a 6-month treatment period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thit M. Kronborg
- Gastro Unit, Medical Division, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Robert Schierwagen
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Kajetan Trošt
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Qian Gao
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Moritz
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Flemming Bendtsen
- Gastro Unit, Medical Division, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rasmus H. Gantzel
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, and Clinical Institute, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mette L. Andersen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Ane S. Teisner
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Henning Grønbæk
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, and Clinical Institute, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lise Hobolth
- Gastro Unit, Medical Division, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Søren Møller
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Centre of Functional Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Jonel Trebicka
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Nina Kimer
- Gastro Unit, Medical Division, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
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2
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Cerda A, Bortolin RH, Yoshinaga MY, Freitas RCCD, Dagli-Hernandez C, Borges JB, Oliveira VFD, Gonçalves RM, Faludi AA, Bastos GM, Hirata RDC, Hirata MH. Lipidomic analysis identified potential predictive biomarkers of statin response in subjects with Familial hypercholesterolemia. Chem Phys Lipids 2023; 257:105348. [PMID: 37827478 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2023.105348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a disorder of lipid metabolism that causes elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and increased premature atherosclerosis risk. Statins inhibit endogenous cholesterol biosynthesis, which reduces LDL-c plasma levels and prevent from cardiovascular events. This study aimed to explore the effects of statin treatment on serum lipidomic profile and to identify biomarkers of response in subjects with FH. Seventeen adult FH patients underwent a 6-week washout followed by 4-week treatment with atorvastatin (80 mg/day) or rosuvastatin (40 mg/day). LDL-c response was considered good (40-70 % reduction, n = 9) or poor (3-33 % reduction, n = 8). Serum lipidomic profile was analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and data were analyzed using MetaboAnalyst v5.0. Lipidomic analysis identified 353 lipids grouped into 16 classes. Statin treatment reduced drastically 8 of 13 lipid classes, generating a characteristic lipidomic profile with a significant contribution of phosphatidylinositols (PI) 16:0/18:2, 18:0/18:1 and 18:0/18:2; and triacylglycerols (TAG) 18:2x2/18:3, 18:1/18:2/18:3, 16:1/18:2x2, 16:1/18:2/18:3 and 16:1/18:2/Arachidonic acid (p-adjusted <0.05). Biomarker analysis implemented in MetaboAnalyst subsequently identified PI 16:1/18:0, 16:0/18:2 and 18:0/18:2 as predictors of statin response with and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) areas under the curve of 0.98, 0.94 and 0.91, respectively. In conclusion, statins extensively modulate the overall serum lipid composition of FH individuals and these findings suggest that phosphatidyl-inositol molecules are potential predictive biomarkers of statin response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Cerda
- Department of Basic Sciences, Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, CEMT-BIOREN, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4810296, Chile
| | - Raul Hernandes Bortolin
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Marcos Yukio Yoshinaga
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Renata Caroline Costa de Freitas
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Carolina Dagli-Hernandez
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Jessica Bassani Borges
- Department of Research, Hospital Beneficiencia Portuguesa de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01323-001, Brazil
| | - Victor Fernandes de Oliveira
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | | | - Andre Arpad Faludi
- Medical Division, Institute of Cardiology Dante Pazzanese, Sao Paulo 04012-909, Brazil
| | - Gisele Medeiros Bastos
- Department of Research, Hospital Beneficiencia Portuguesa de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01323-001, Brazil
| | - Rosario Dominguez Crespo Hirata
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Mario Hiroyuki Hirata
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
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3
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Beaufrère H, Barboza T, Burnett A, Stark KD, Wood RD. Effects of Atorvastatin and Rosuvastatin on Blood Lipids in Quaker Parrots ( Myiopsitta monachus). J Avian Med Surg 2023; 37:199-208. [PMID: 37962313 DOI: 10.1647/22-00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Statin drugs are the most effective class of hypolipidemic and antiatherosclerotic drugs, with atorvastatin and rosuvastatin being the most effective. While the use of statins would be a tremendous asset in the treatment of dyslipidemia and lipid-accumulation disorders in birds, there are only limited data available regarding their use and effectiveness in psittacine species. Two consecutive randomized crossover trials on Quaker parrots (Myiopsitta monachus) were performed to study the effect of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin. Ten birds were used in an initial balanced crossover experiment with 5 oral treatments (control; atorvastatin 10 mg/kg q12h and q24h; rosuvastatin 10 mg/kg q12h and q24h) for 2 weeks each. Plasma lipidomics and lipoprotein profiling were performed after each treatment. Twelve birds were used in a second experiment consisting of 2 parallel crossover studies, each with 6 birds either fed their regular diet or a 0.3% cholesterol diet. In the 2 parallel crossover studies, the treatment group was administered atorvastatin 20 mg/kg orally q12h and the control group a placebo suspension orally q12h. Plasma lipidomics, lipoprotein profiles, and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase activity were subsequently measured. Results were analyzed with serial linear mixed models and trends were assessed graphically. No statistically significant effect of any statin treatment was detected on plasma lipids, lipoproteins, creatinine kinase, or HMG-CoA reductase activity. In the first trial, all the rosuvastatin treatments led to some nonsignificant decreases in several triacylglycerol species, while in the second trial this was only observed in the birds on atorvastatin 20 mg/kg q12h being fed their regular diet. Quaker parrots may require much higher doses of statin drugs to show significant and clinically useful lipid-lowering effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugues Beaufrère
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA,
| | - Trinita Barboza
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA
| | - Alysha Burnett
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
| | - Ken D Stark
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1
| | - R Darren Wood
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
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Lee H, Jang SY, Jung Y, Kwon O, Hwang GS. Lipidomic profiling analysis of human plasma from subjects with hypercholesterolemia to evaluate the intake of yellow yeast rice fermented by Aspergillus terreus DSMK01. Food Funct 2022; 13:7629-7637. [PMID: 35734953 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04010c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Yellow yeast rice (YYR) is a Korean functional food fermented with Aspergillus terreus and contains monacolin K, a cholesterol-lowering ingredient. However, the effects of YYR on lipid metabolism alterations have not been reported until now. In this study, we performed a mass spectrometry-based lipidomic analysis of plasma samples from subjects (31 from the YYR group and 27 from the placebo group) with LDL-C higher than 130 mg dL-1 to investigate the effects of the intake of YYR. Lipidomic profiling showed that the levels of sphingomyelin (SM) were significantly decreased in the YYR intake group compared with the placebo group. The SM level in the YYR intake group showed a significant association with the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio (p = 0.004, r = 0.503), an indicator of the effect of lipid-lowering therapy. This study suggests that global lipidomic profiling could be used to identify changes in lipid metabolism induced by YYR intake and provide information that these lipid changes are associated with improved hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heeyeon Lee
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea. .,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Young Jang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngae Jung
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea.
| | - Oran Kwon
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
| | - Geum-Sook Hwang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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5
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Lipidomics in Understanding Pathophysiology and Pharmacologic Effects in Inflammatory Diseases: Considerations for Drug Development. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12040333. [PMID: 35448520 PMCID: PMC9030008 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12040333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The lipidome has a broad range of biological and signaling functions, including serving as a structural scaffold for membranes and initiating and resolving inflammation. To investigate the biological activity of phospholipids and their bioactive metabolites, precise analytical techniques are necessary to identify specific lipids and quantify their levels. Simultaneous quantification of a set of lipids can be achieved using high sensitivity mass spectrometry (MS) techniques, whose technological advancements have significantly improved over the last decade. This has unlocked the power of metabolomics/lipidomics allowing the dynamic characterization of metabolic systems. Lipidomics is a subset of metabolomics for multianalyte identification and quantification of endogenous lipids and their metabolites. Lipidomics-based technology has the potential to drive novel biomarker discovery and therapeutic development programs; however, appropriate standards have not been established for the field. Standardization would improve lipidomic analyses and accelerate the development of innovative therapies. This review aims to summarize considerations for lipidomic study designs including instrumentation, sample stabilization, data validation, and data analysis. In addition, this review highlights how lipidomics can be applied to biomarker discovery and drug mechanism dissection in various inflammatory diseases including cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration, lung disease, and autoimmune disease.
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6
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Wolrab D, Jirásko R, Peterka O, Idkowiak J, Chocholoušková M, Vaňková Z, Hořejší K, Brabcová I, Vrána D, Študentová H, Melichar B, Holčapek M. Plasma lipidomic profiles of kidney, breast and prostate cancer patients differ from healthy controls. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20322. [PMID: 34645896 PMCID: PMC8514434 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99586-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Early detection of cancer is one of the unmet needs in clinical medicine. Peripheral blood analysis is a preferred method for efficient population screening, because blood collection is well embedded in clinical practice and minimally invasive for patients. Lipids are important biomolecules, and variations in lipid concentrations can reflect pathological disorders. Lipidomic profiling of human plasma by the coupling of ultrahigh-performance supercritical fluid chromatography and mass spectrometry is investigated with the aim to distinguish patients with breast, kidney, and prostate cancers from healthy controls. The mean sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the lipid profiling approach were 85%, 95%, and 92% for kidney cancer; 91%, 97%, and 94% for breast cancer; and 87%, 95%, and 92% for prostate cancer. No association of statistical models with tumor stage is observed. The statistically most significant lipid species for the differentiation of cancer types studied are CE 16:0, Cer 42:1, LPC 18:2, PC 36:2, PC 36:3, SM 32:1, and SM 41:1 These seven lipids represent a potential biomarker panel for kidney, breast, and prostate cancer screening, but a further verification step in a prospective study has to be performed to verify clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Wolrab
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Jirásko
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Peterka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Idkowiak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Chocholoušková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Vaňková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Hořejší
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Brabcová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - David Vrána
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and University Hospital, I.P. Pavlova 6, 775 20, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Nový Jičín, Hospital Nový Jičín, Nový Jičín, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Študentová
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and University Hospital, I.P. Pavlova 6, 775 20, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Bohuslav Melichar
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and University Hospital, I.P. Pavlova 6, 775 20, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Holčapek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
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7
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Klassen A, Faccio AT, Picossi CRC, Derogis PBMC, Dos Santos Ferreira CE, Lopes AS, Sussulini A, Cruz ECS, Bastos RT, Fontoura SC, Neto AMF, Tavares MFM, Izar MC, Fonseca FAH. Evaluation of two highly effective lipid-lowering therapies in subjects with acute myocardial infarction. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15973. [PMID: 34354179 PMCID: PMC8342504 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95455-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
For cardiovascular disease prevention, statins alone or combined with ezetimibe have been recommended to achieve low-density lipoprotein cholesterol targets, but their effects on other lipids are less reported. This study was designed to examine lipid changes in subjects with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) after two highly effective lipid-lowering therapies. Twenty patients with STEMI were randomized to be treated with rosuvastatin 20 mg QD or simvastatin 40 mg combined with ezetimibe 10 mg QD for 30 days. Fasting blood samples were collected on the first day (D1) and after 30 days (D30). Lipidomic analysis was performed using the Lipidyzer platform. Similar classic lipid profile was obtained in both groups of lipid-lowering therapies. However, differences with the lipidomic analysis were observed between D30 and D1 for most of the analyzed classes. Differences were noted with lipid-lowering therapies for lipids such as FA, LPC, PC, PE, CE, Cer, and SM, notably in patients treated with rosuvastatin. Correlation studies between classic lipid profiles and lipidomic results showed different information. These findings seem relevant, due to the involvement of these lipid classes in crucial mechanisms of atherosclerosis, and may account for residual cardiovascular risk. Randomized clinical trial: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02428374, registered on 28/09/2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Klassen
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema, SP, Brazil.
| | - Andrea Tedesco Faccio
- Center for Multiplatform Metabolomics Studies (CEMM), Institute of Chemistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Raissa Costa Picossi
- Center for Multiplatform Metabolomics Studies (CEMM), Institute of Chemistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Aline Soriano Lopes
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Sussulini
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Laboratory of Bioanalytics and Integrated Omics (LaBIOmics), Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. Box 6154, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Elisa Castañeda Santa Cruz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Laboratory of Bioanalytics and Integrated Omics (LaBIOmics), Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. Box 6154, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Tudela Bastos
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marina Franco Maggi Tavares
- Center for Multiplatform Metabolomics Studies (CEMM), Institute of Chemistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Izar
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Loefgren 1350, São Paulo, SP, CEP 04040-001, Brazil
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8
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Reis A, de Freitas V, Sanchez-Quesada JL, Barros AS, Diaz SO, Leite-Moreira A. Lipidomics in Cardiovascular Diseases. SYSTEMS MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.11598-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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9
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Beaufrère H, Gardhouse SM, Wood RD, Stark KD. The plasma lipidome of the Quaker parrot (Myiopsitta monachus). PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240449. [PMID: 33259543 PMCID: PMC7707497 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidemias and lipid-accumulation disorders are common in captive parrots, in particular in Quaker parrots. Currently available diagnostic tests only measure a fraction of blood lipids and have overall problematic cross-species applicability. Comprehensively analyzing lipids in the plasma of parrots is the first step to better understand their lipid metabolism in health and disease, as well as to explore new lipid biomarkers. The plasma lipidome of 12 Quaker parrots was investigated using UHPLC-MS/MS with both targeted and untargeted methods. Targeted methods on 6 replicates measured 432 lipids comprised of sterol, cholesterol ester, bile acid, fatty acid, acylcarnitine, glycerolipid, glycerophospholipid, and sphingolipid panels. For untargeted lipidomics, precursor ion mass-to-charge ratios were matched to corresponding lipids using the LIPIDMAPS structure database and LipidBlast at the sum composition or acyl species level of information. Sterol lipids and glycerophospholipids constituted the majority of plasma lipids on a molar basis. The most common lipids detected with the targeted methods included free cholesterol, CE(18:2), CE(20:4) for sterol lipids; PC(36:2), PC(34:2), PC(34:1) for glycerophospholipids; TG(52:3), TG(54:4), TG(54:5), TG(52:2) for glycerolipids; SM(d18:1/16:0) for sphingolipids; and palmitic acid for fatty acyls. Over a thousand different lipid species were detected by untargeted lipidomics. Sex differences in the plasma lipidome were observed using heatmaps, principal component analysis, and discriminant analysis. This report presents the first comprehensive database of plasma lipid species in psittacine birds and paves the way for further research into blood lipid diagnostics and the impact of diet, diseases, and drugs on the parrot plasma lipidome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugues Beaufrère
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Sara M. Gardhouse
- Health Sciences Centre, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - R. Darren Wood
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ken D. Stark
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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Exploratory analysis of large-scale lipidome in large cohorts: are we any closer of finding lipid-based markers suitable for CVD risk stratification and management? Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1142:189-200. [PMID: 33280696 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the biggest cause of deaths worldwide and a major socio-economic impact to society. In this work, we conducted an unbiased exploratory analysis of the large-scale lipidome in human plasma samples from patients with fatal and non-fatal CVD from large cohorts. The exploratory analysis included data from 10,349 individuals from 20 countries in Asia, Australasia, Europe and North America (ADVANCE cohort), and thus representative of the worldwide population. Through the analysis of hazard ratios (HR), we found 306 lipids relevant in CV Death and 294 lipids relevant in CV Events of which 262 lipids were common to fatal and non-fatal events followed over time (3, 5 and 8 years). Our exploratory analysis reveals that, over time, the plasma lipid signature found in non-fatal CVD events is similar to that preceding CVD death. Among the common lipid signature, we found that sphingolipids (HexCer, SM, Cer and other glycosphingolipids) and phospholipids (PC and PE) were strongly associated with CVD events outcome, while polyunsaturated plasmenyl PC and PE lipids were inversely associated with CV outcome. The restricted panel of specific lipids has the potential to improve CVD risk stratification and management, and significantly reduce the time involved in the analysis and data treatment in low-resolution MS instruments making plasma lipidomics a cost-efficient approach for clinical scenario. In our view, once standardized clinical, analytical and data reporting guidelines are implemented worldwide, lipid-based discriminators can be routinely applied in the CVD risk stratification and improve the performance of current clinical, biochemical and imaging diagnostic tools assisting the decision-making process particularly in patients with multiple co-morbidities.
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11
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Patt A, Demoret B, Stets C, Bill KL, Smith P, Vijay A, Patterson A, Hays J, Hoang M, Chen JL, Mathé EA. MDM2-Dependent Rewiring of Metabolomic and Lipidomic Profiles in Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma Models. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082157. [PMID: 32759684 PMCID: PMC7463633 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) is an aggressive mesenchymal cancer marked by amplification of MDM2, an inhibitor of the tumor suppressor TP53. DDLPS patients with higher MDM2 amplification have lower chemotherapy sensitivity and worse outcome than patients with lower MDM2 amplification. We hypothesized that MDM2 amplification levels may be associated with changes in DDLPS metabolism. Six patient-derived DDLPS cell line models were subject to comprehensive metabolomic (Metabolon) and lipidomic (SCIEX 5600 TripleTOF-MS) profiling to assess associations with MDM2 amplification and their responses to metabolic perturbations. Comparing metabolomic profiles between MDM2 higher and lower amplification cells yielded a total of 17 differentially abundant metabolites across both panels (FDR < 0.05, log2 fold change < 0.75), including ceramides, glycosylated ceramides, and sphingomyelins. Disruption of lipid metabolism through statin administration resulted in a chemo-sensitive phenotype in MDM2 lower cell lines only, suggesting that lipid metabolism may be a large contributor to the more aggressive nature of MDM2 higher DDLPS tumors. This study is the first to provide comprehensive metabolomic and lipidomic characterization of DDLPS cell lines and provides evidence for MDM2-dependent differential molecular mechanisms that are critical factors in chemoresistance and could thus affect patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Patt
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, 9800 Medical Center Dr., Rockville, MD 20892, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Bryce Demoret
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (B.D.); (C.S.); (K.-L.B.); (J.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Colin Stets
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (B.D.); (C.S.); (K.-L.B.); (J.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Kate-Lynn Bill
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (B.D.); (C.S.); (K.-L.B.); (J.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Philip Smith
- The Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, Penn State University, State College, PA 16802, USA; (P.S.); (A.V.); (A.P.)
| | - Anitha Vijay
- The Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, Penn State University, State College, PA 16802, USA; (P.S.); (A.V.); (A.P.)
| | - Andrew Patterson
- The Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, Penn State University, State College, PA 16802, USA; (P.S.); (A.V.); (A.P.)
| | - John Hays
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (B.D.); (C.S.); (K.-L.B.); (J.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Mindy Hoang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (B.D.); (C.S.); (K.-L.B.); (J.H.); (M.H.)
| | - James L. Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (B.D.); (C.S.); (K.-L.B.); (J.H.); (M.H.)
- Correspondence: (J.L.C.); (E.A.M.)
| | - Ewy A. Mathé
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, 9800 Medical Center Dr., Rockville, MD 20892, USA
- Correspondence: (J.L.C.); (E.A.M.)
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12
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Cavus E, Karakas M, Ojeda FM, Kontto J, Veronesi G, Ferrario MM, Linneberg A, Jørgensen T, Meisinger C, Thorand B, Iacoviello L, Börnigen D, Woodward M, Schnabel R, Costanzo S, Tunstall-Pedoe H, Koenig W, Kuulasmaa K, Salomaa V, Blankenberg S, Zeller T. Association of Circulating Metabolites With Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in a European Population: Results From the Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Europe (BiomarCaRE) Consortium. JAMA Cardiol 2020; 4:1270-1279. [PMID: 31664431 DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2019.4130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Importance Risk stratification for coronary heart disease (CHD) remains challenging because of the complex causative mechanism of the disease. Metabolomic profiling offers the potential to detect new biomarkers and improve CHD risk assessment. Objective To evaluate the association between circulating metabolites and incident CHD in a large European cohort. Design, Setting, and Participants This population-based study used the Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Europe (BiomarCaRE) case-cohort to measure circulating metabolites using a targeted approach in serum samples from 10 741 individuals without prevalent CHD. The cohort consisted of a weighted, random subcohort of the original cohort of more than 70 000 individuals. The case-cohort design was applied to 6 European cohorts: FINRISK97 (Finland), Monitoring of Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Diseases/Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (MONICA/KORA; Germany), MONICA-Brianza and Moli-sani (Italy), DanMONICA (Denmark), and the Scottish Heart Health Extended Cohort (United Kingdom). Main Outcomes and Measures Associations with time to CHD onset were assessed individually by applying weighted and adjusted Cox proportional hazard models. The association of metabolites with CHD onset was examined by C indices. Results In 10 741 individuals (4157 women [38.7%]; median [interquartile range] age, 56.5 [49.2-62.2] years), 2166 incident CHD events (20.2%) occurred over a median (interquartile range) follow-up time of 9.2 (4.5-15.0) years. Among the 141 metabolites analyzed, 24 were significantly associated with incident CHD at a nominal P value of .05, including phosphatidylcholines (PCs), lysoPCs, amino acids, and sphingolipids. Five PCs remained significant after correction for multiple testing: acyl-alkyl-PC C40:6 (hazard ratio [HR], 1.13 [95% CI, 1.07-1.18]), diacyl-PC C40:6 (HR, 1.10 [95% CI, 1.04-1.15]), acyl-alkyl-PC C38:6 (HR, 1.11 [95% CI, 1.05-1.16]), diacyl-PC C38:6 (HR, 1.09 [95% CI, 1.04-1.14]) and diacyl-PC C38:5 (HR, 1.10 [95% CI, 1.05-1.16]). Lower levels of these metabolites were associated with increased risk of incident CHD. The strength of the associations competes with those of classic risk factors (C statistics: acyl-alkyl-PC C40:6, 0.756 [95% CI, 0.738-0.774], diacyl-PC C40:6, 0.754 [95% CI, 0.736-0.772], acyl-alkyl-PC C38:6, 0.755 [95% CI, 0.736-0.773], diacyl-PC C38:6, 0.754 [95% CI, 0.736-0.772]), diacyl-PC C38:5, 0.754 [95% CI, 0.736-0.772]). Adding metabolites to a base risk model including classic risk factors high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and high-sensitivity troponin I did not improve discrimination by C statistics. Conclusions and Relevance Five PCs were significantly associated with increased risk of incident CHD and showed comparable discrimination with individual classic risk factors. Although these metabolites do not improve CHD risk assessment beyond that of classic risk factors, these findings hold promise for an improved understanding of the pathophysiology of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ersin Cavus
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mahir Karakas
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Francisco M Ojeda
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jukka Kontto
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Giovanni Veronesi
- Research Center in Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Marco Mario Ferrario
- Research Center in Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Torben Jørgensen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.,Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany.,Department of Epidemiology, University Center for Health Sciences at the Klinikum Augsburg (UNIKA-T), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Thorand
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Licia Iacoviello
- Research Center in Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.,Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Daniela Börnigen
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mark Woodward
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom.,The George Institute for Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Renate Schnabel
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simona Costanzo
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Hugh Tunstall-Pedoe
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Wolfgang Koenig
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.,Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Kari Kuulasmaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stefan Blankenberg
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Zeller
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
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13
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Tomczyk MM, Dolinsky VW. The Cardiac Lipidome in Models of Cardiovascular Disease. Metabolites 2020; 10:E254. [PMID: 32560541 PMCID: PMC7344916 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10060254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. There are numerous factors involved in the development of CVD. Among these, lipids have an important role in maintaining the myocardial cell structure as well as cardiac function. Fatty acids (FA) are utilized for energy, but also contribute to the pathogenesis of CVD and heart failure. Advances in mass spectrometry methods have enabled the comprehensive analysis of a plethora of lipid species from a single sample comprised of a heterogeneous population of lipid molecules. Determining cardiac lipid alterations in different models of CVD identifies novel biomarkers as well as reveals molecular mechanisms that underlie disease development and progression. This information could inform the development of novel therapeutics in the treatment of CVD. Herein, we provide a review of recent studies of cardiac lipid profiles in myocardial infarction, obesity, and diabetic and dilated cardiomyopathy models of CVD by methods of mass spectrometry analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz M. Tomczyk
- Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme of the Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada;
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T6, Canada
- Rady Faculty of Health Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Vernon W. Dolinsky
- Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme of the Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada;
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T6, Canada
- Rady Faculty of Health Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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14
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Bowman E, Funderburg NT. Lipidome Abnormalities and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in HIV Infection. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 2020; 16:214-223. [PMID: 30993515 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-019-00442-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and its treatment with antiretroviral therapy (ART) are associated with lipid abnormalities that may enhance cardiovascular disease risk (CVD). RECENT FINDINGS Chronic inflammation persists in HIV+ individuals, and complex relationships exist among lipids and inflammation, as immune activation may be both a cause and a consequence of lipid abnormalities in HIV infection. Advances in mass spectrometry-based techniques now allow for detailed measurements of individual lipid species; improved lipid measurement might better evaluate CVD risk compared with the prognostic value of traditional assessments. Lipidomic analyses have begun to characterize dynamic changes in lipid composition during HIV infection and following treatment with ART, and further investigation may identify novel lipid biomarkers predictive of adverse outcomes. Developing strategies to improve management of comorbidities in the HIV+ population is important, and statin therapy and lifestyle modifications, including diet and exercise, may help to improve lipid levels and mitigate CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Bowman
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Division of Medical Laboratory Science, Ohio State University College of Medicine, 453 W. 10th Ave. 535A Atwell Hall, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Nicholas T Funderburg
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Division of Medical Laboratory Science, Ohio State University College of Medicine, 453 W. 10th Ave. 535A Atwell Hall, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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15
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Mena A, Clavero E, Díaz-Díaz JL, Castro A. Similar plasma lipidomic profile in people living with HIV treated with a darunavir-based or an integrase inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17184. [PMID: 31748628 PMCID: PMC6868233 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53761-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in people living with HIV (PLWH), who commonly experience lipid disturbances. The aim of this study was to determine whether the plasma lipidomic profile differs between PLWH receiving a darunavir-based ART and those receiving integrase inhibitor-based ART. This was a cross-sectional study of unselected patients for whom metabolomic analysis was performed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Data for the two subgroups were compared by calculating the log2 of the fold change for each metabolite and then grouping these into the main lipid families. Sixty-two PLWH aged 49.3 ± 8.6 years (82% men) were included: 12 patients (19.4%) had hypertension, 8 (12.9%) had type 2 diabetes, 25 (41.0%) had dyslipidaemia and 9 (14.5%) were taking statins, without significant differences in all these variables between the two groups. Twenty-five (40.3%) received darunavir-based ART and 37 (59.7%) integrase inhibitor-based ART. Although the differences were not statistically significant, patients treated with darunavir-based ART had higher concentrations of total cholesterol (211 mg/dL vs 194 mg/dL), LDL-cholesterol (132 mg/dL vs 117 mg/dL) and triglycerides (155 mg/dL vs 122 mg/dL), and lower HDL-cholesterol concentration (50 mg/dL vs 52 mg/dL). The main lipid families and metabolites differed slightly between groups (log2-fold change; P-value): ceramides (-0.07; 0.49), phosphatidylinositols (-0.05; 0.63), diacylglycerols (0.10; 0.64), phosphatidylethanolamines (0.03; 0.78), triacylglycerols (0.27; 0.18) and lysophosphatidylethanolamines (0.03; 0.83). In the integrase inhibitor-based group, the use of tenofovir alafenamide fumarate significantly increases the majority of lipid fractions, when compared with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. The lipidomic profile did not differ between PLWH treated with darunavir-based or integrase inhibitor-based ART. This was especially true for ceramides, which are involved in cardiovascular disease. Further studies are needed to study the impact of ART in lipidomic profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Mena
- Grupo de Virología Clínica, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC)-Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas. Universidad de A Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain. .,Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), A Coruña, Spain.
| | - Elvira Clavero
- Grupo de Virología Clínica, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC)-Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas. Universidad de A Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain.,Servicio de Medicina Interna, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - José Luis Díaz-Díaz
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Angeles Castro
- Grupo de Virología Clínica, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC)-Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas. Universidad de A Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain.,Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), A Coruña, Spain
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16
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Regulation of endogenic metabolites by rosuvastatin in hyperlipidemia patients: An integration of metabolomics and lipidomics. Chem Phys Lipids 2018; 214:69-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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17
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Bodde MC, Welsh P, Bergheanu SC, Lijfering WM, Mertens B, Liem AH, van der Laarse A, Sattar N, Jukema JW. A Rapid (Differential) Effect of Rosuvastatin and Atorvastatin on High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin-I in Subjects With Stable Cardiovascular Disease. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2018; 104:311-316. [DOI: 10.1002/cpt.1095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathijs C. Bodde
- Department of Cardiology; Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC); Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Paul Welsh
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences; University of Glasgow; Glasgow UK
| | | | - Willem M. Lijfering
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology; Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC); Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Bart Mertens
- Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics; Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC); Leiden The Netherlands
| | - An-Ho Liem
- Department of Cardiology; Sint Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland; Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Arnoud van der Laarse
- Department of Cardiology; Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC); Leiden The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry & Laboratory Medicine; Leiden University Medical Center; Leiden the Netherlands
| | - Naveed Sattar
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences; University of Glasgow; Glasgow UK
| | - J. Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology; Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC); Leiden The Netherlands
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18
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Baye E, Ukropec J, de Courten MP, Vallova S, Krumpolec P, Kurdiova T, Aldini G, Ukropcova B, de Courten B. Effect of carnosine supplementation on the plasma lipidome in overweight and obese adults: a pilot randomised controlled trial. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17458. [PMID: 29234057 PMCID: PMC5727174 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17577-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnosine has been shown to reduce oxidation and glycation of low density lipoprotein hence improving dyslipidaemia in rodents. The effect of carnosine on human plasma lipidome has thus far not been investigated. We aimed to determine whether carnosine supplementation improves the plasma lipidome in overweight and obese individuals. Lipid analysis was performed by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry in 24 overweight and obese adults: 13 were randomly assigned to 2 g carnosine daily and 11 to placebo, and treated for 12 weeks. Carnosine supplementation maintained trihexosylceramide (0.01 ± 0.19 vs -0.28 ± 0.34 nmol/ml, p = 0.04), phosphatidylcholine (77 ± 167 vs -81 ± 196 nmol/ml, p = 0.01) and free cholesterol (20 ± 80 vs -69 ± 80 nmol/ml, p = 0.006) levels compared to placebo. Trihexosylceramide was inversely related with fasting insulin (r = -0.6, p = 0.002), insulin resistance (r = -0.6, p = 0.003), insulin secretion (r = -0.4, p = 0.05) and serum carnosinase 1 activity (r = -0.3, p = 0.05). Both phosphatidylcholine and free cholesterol did not correlate with any cardiometabolic parameters. Our data suggest that carnosine may have beneficial effects on the plasma lipidome. Future larger clinical trials are needed to confirm this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estifanos Baye
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jozef Ukropec
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Maximilian Pj de Courten
- Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Silvia Vallova
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Patrik Krumpolec
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Timea Kurdiova
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Giancarlo Aldini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Ukropcova
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Barbora de Courten
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
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19
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Floegel A, Kühn T, Sookthai D, Johnson T, Prehn C, Rolle-Kampczyk U, Otto W, Weikert C, Illig T, von Bergen M, Adamski J, Boeing H, Kaaks R, Pischon T. Serum metabolites and risk of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke: a targeted metabolomic approach in two German prospective cohorts. Eur J Epidemiol 2017; 33:55-66. [PMID: 29181692 PMCID: PMC5803284 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-017-0333-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomic approaches in prospective cohorts may offer a unique snapshot into early metabolic perturbations that are associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in healthy people. We investigated the association of 105 serum metabolites, including acylcarnitines, amino acids, phospholipids and hexose, with risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic stroke in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam (27,548 adults) and Heidelberg (25,540 adults) cohorts. Using case-cohort designs, we measured metabolites among individuals who were free of CVD and diabetes at blood draw but developed MI (n = 204 and n = 228) or stroke (n = 147 and n = 121) during follow-up (mean, 7.8 and 7.3 years) and among randomly drawn subcohorts (n = 2214 and n = 770). We used Cox regression analysis and combined results using meta-analysis. Independent of classical CVD risk factors, ten metabolites were associated with risk of MI in both cohorts, including sphingomyelins, diacyl-phosphatidylcholines and acyl-alkyl-phosphatidylcholines with pooled relative risks in the range of 1.21–1.40 per one standard deviation increase in metabolite concentrations. The metabolites showed positive correlations with total- and LDL-cholesterol (r ranged from 0.13 to 0.57). When additionally adjusting for total-, LDL- and HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and C-reactive protein, acyl-alkyl-phosphatidylcholine C36:3 and diacyl-phosphatidylcholines C38:3 and C40:4 remained associated with risk of MI. When added to classical CVD risk models these metabolites further improved CVD prediction (c-statistics increased from 0.8365 to 0.8384 in EPIC-Potsdam and from 0.8344 to 0.8378 in EPIC-Heidelberg). None of the metabolites was consistently associated with stroke risk. Alterations in sphingomyelin and phosphatidylcholine metabolism, and particularly metabolites of the arachidonic acid pathway are independently associated with risk of MI in healthy adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Floegel
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany. .,Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Disorn Sookthai
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Theron Johnson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Prehn
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Rolle-Kampczyk
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Otto
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Cornelia Weikert
- Department of Food Safety, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany.,Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Illig
- Hannover Unified Biobank, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany.,University of Aalborg, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220, Aalborg East, Denmark
| | - Jerzy Adamski
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Pischon
- Molecular Epidemiology Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Thomas A, Lenglet S, Chaurand P, Déglon J, Mangin P, Mach F, Steffens S, Wolfender JL, Staub C. Mass spectrometry for the evaluation of cardiovascular diseases based on proteomics and lipidomics. Thromb Haemost 2017; 106:20-33. [DOI: 10.1160/th10-12-0812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 03/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
SummaryThe identification and quantification of proteins and lipids is of major importance for the diagnosis, prognosis and understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in disease development. Owing to its selectivity and sensitivity, mass spectrometry has become a key technique in analytical platforms for proteomic and lipidomic investigations. Using this technique, many strategies have been developed based on unbiased or targeted approaches to highlight or monitor molecules of interest from biomatrices. Although these approaches have largely been employed in cancer research, this type of investigation has been met by a growing interest in the field of cardiovascular disorders, potentially leading to the discovery of novel biomarkers and the development of new therapies. In this paper, we will review the different mass spectrometry- based proteomic and lipidomic strategies applied in cardiovascular diseases, especially atherosclerosis. Particular attention will be given to recent developments and the role of bioinformatics in data treatment. This review will be of broad interest to the medical community by providing a tutorial of how mass spectrometric strategies can support clinical trials.
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21
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Arbel R, Greenberg D. Using lower cost statins improves outcomes for normal cholesterol non-diabetic patients. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 2017; 17:495-501. [DOI: 10.1080/14737167.2017.1298445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ronen Arbel
- Department of Technology Marketing, Sapir College, Israel
| | - Dan Greenberg
- Department of Health Systems Management, Faculty of Health Sciences and The Guilford-Glazer Faculty of Business and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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Hancock-Cerutti W, Lhomme M, Dauteuille C, Lecocq S, Chapman MJ, Rader DJ, Kontush A, Cuchel M. Paradoxical coronary artery disease in humans with hyperalphalipoproteinemia is associated with distinct differences in the high-density lipoprotein phosphosphingolipidome. J Clin Lipidol 2017; 11:1192-1200.e3. [PMID: 28826666 PMCID: PMC10455038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are inversely associated with risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in epidemiologic studies. Despite this, the directionality of this relationship and the underlying biology behind it remain to be firmly established, especially at the extremes of HDL-C levels. OBJECTIVE We investigated differences in the HDL phosphosphingolipidome in a rare population of subjects with premature CAD despite high HDL-C levels to gain insight into the association between the HDL lipidome and CAD disease status in this unusual phenotype. We sought to assess differences in HDL composition that are associated with CAD in subjects with HDL-C >90th percentile. We predicted that quantitative lipidomic analysis of HDL particles would reveal novel differences between CAD patients and healthy subjects with matched HDL-C levels. METHODS We collected plasma samples from 25 subjects with HDL-C >90th percentile and clinically manifest CAD and healthy controls with HDL-C >90th percentile and without self-reported CAD. More than 140 individual HDL phospholipid and sphingolipid species were analyzed by LC/MS/MS. RESULTS Significant reductions in HDL phosphatidylcholine (-2.41%, Q value = 0.025) and phosphatidylinositol (-10.7%, Q value = 0.047) content, as well as elevated sphingomyelin (+10.0%, Q value = 0.025) content, and sphingomyelin/phosphatidylcholine ratio (+12.8%, P value = .005) were associated with CAD status in subjects with high HDL-C. CONCLUSIONS These differences may lay the groundwork for further analysis of the relationship between the HDL lipidome and disease states, as well as for the development of biomarkers of CAD status and HDL function.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Hancock-Cerutti
- National Institute for Health and Medical Reserch (INSERM), Research Unit 1166 ICAN, Paris, France; University of Pierre and Marie Curie - Paris 6, Paris, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpétrière, Paris, France; ICAN Analytics, ICAN Institute, Paris, France; Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marie Lhomme
- ICANalytics, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Carolane Dauteuille
- National Institute for Health and Medical Reserch (INSERM), Research Unit 1166 ICAN, Paris, France; University of Pierre and Marie Curie - Paris 6, Paris, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpétrière, Paris, France; ICAN Analytics, ICAN Institute, Paris, France
| | - Sora Lecocq
- National Institute for Health and Medical Reserch (INSERM), Research Unit 1166 ICAN, Paris, France; University of Pierre and Marie Curie - Paris 6, Paris, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpétrière, Paris, France; ICAN Analytics, ICAN Institute, Paris, France
| | - M John Chapman
- National Institute for Health and Medical Reserch (INSERM), Research Unit 1166 ICAN, Paris, France; University of Pierre and Marie Curie - Paris 6, Paris, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpétrière, Paris, France; ICAN Analytics, ICAN Institute, Paris, France
| | - Daniel J Rader
- Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anatol Kontush
- National Institute for Health and Medical Reserch (INSERM), Research Unit 1166 ICAN, Paris, France; University of Pierre and Marie Curie - Paris 6, Paris, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpétrière, Paris, France; ICAN Analytics, ICAN Institute, Paris, France.
| | - Marina Cuchel
- Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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The acute impact of high-dose lipid-lowering treatment on endothelial progenitor cells in patients with coronary artery disease-The REMEDY-EPC early substudy. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172800. [PMID: 28394933 PMCID: PMC5386268 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a role in vascular repair, while circulating endothelial cells (CECs) are biomarkers of vascular damage and regeneration. Statins may promote EPC/CEC mobilization in the peripheral blood. We evaluated whether pre-procedural exposure to different lipid-lowering drugs (statins±ezetimibe) can acutely increase levels/activity of EPCs/CECs in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS In a planned sub-analysis of the Rosuvastatin For REduction Of Myocardial DamagE During Coronary AngioplastY (REMEDY) trial, 38 patients with stable CAD on chronic low-dose statin therapy were randomized, in a double-blind, placebo-controlled design, into 4 groups before PCI: i. placebo (n = 11); ii. atorvastatin (80 mg+40 mg, n = 9); iii. rosuvastatin (40 mg twice, n = 9); and iv. rosuvastatin (5 mg) and ezetimibe (10 mg) twice, (n = 9). At baseline and 24 h after treatment-before PCI-, patients underwent blinded analyses of EPCs [colony forming units-endothelial cells (CFU-ECs), endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) and tubulization activity] and CECs in peripheral blood. RESULTS We found no significant treatment effects on parameters investigated such as number of CECs [Median (IQR): i. 0(0), ii. 4.5(27), iii. 1.9(2.3), iv. 1.9(2.3)], CFU-ECs [Median (IQR): i. 27(11), ii. 19(31), iii. 47(36), iv. 30(98)], and ECFCs [Median (IQR): i. 86(84), ii. 7(84), iii. 8/(42.5), iv. 5(2)], as well as tubulization activity [total tubuli (well), Median (IQR): i. 19(7), ii. 5(4), iii. 25(13), iv. 15(24)]. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we found no evidence of acute changes in levels or activity of EPCs and CECs after high-dose lipid-lowering therapy in stable CAD patients.
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Cangemi R, Romiti GF, Campolongo G, Ruscio E, Sciomer S, Gianfrilli D, Raparelli V. Gender related differences in treatment and response to statins in primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention: The never-ending debate. Pharmacol Res 2017; 117:148-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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25
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Rankin NJ, Preiss D, Welsh P, Sattar N. Applying metabolomics to cardiometabolic intervention studies and trials: past experiences and a roadmap for the future. Int J Epidemiol 2016; 45:1351-1371. [PMID: 27789671 PMCID: PMC5100629 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyw271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics and lipidomics are emerging methods for detailed phenotyping of small molecules in samples. It is hoped that such data will: (i) enhance baseline prediction of patient response to pharmacotherapies (beneficial or adverse); (ii) reveal changes in metabolites shortly after initiation of therapy that may predict patient response, including adverse effects, before routine biomarkers are altered; and( iii) give new insights into mechanisms of drug action, particularly where the results of a trial of a new agent were unexpected, and thus help future drug development. In these ways, metabolomics could enhance research findings from intervention studies. This narrative review provides an overview of metabolomics and lipidomics in early clinical intervention studies for investigation of mechanisms of drug action and prediction of drug response (both desired and undesired). We highlight early examples from drug intervention studies associated with cardiometabolic disease. Despite the strengths of such studies, particularly the use of state-of-the-art technologies and advanced statistical methods, currently published studies in the metabolomics arena are largely underpowered and should be considered as hypothesis-generating. In order for metabolomics to meaningfully improve stratified medicine approaches to patient treatment, there is a need for higher quality studies, with better exploitation of biobanks from randomized clinical trials i.e. with large sample size, adjudicated outcomes, standardized procedures, validation cohorts, comparison witth routine biochemistry and both active and control/placebo arms. On the basis of this review, and based on our research experience using clinically established biomarkers, we propose steps to more speedily advance this area of research towards potential clinical impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi J Rankin
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre
- Glasgow Polyomics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - David Preiss
- Clinical Trials Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Paul Welsh
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre
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Lovastatin reversed the enhanced sphingomyelin caused by 27-hydroxycholesterol in cultured vascular endothelial cells. Biochem Biophys Rep 2015; 5:127-133. [PMID: 28955814 PMCID: PMC5600430 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2015.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Statins have pleiotropic properties which are involved in inhibiting the thrombogenic response. In this study, the effects of lovastatin on two phospholipids, phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin, were studied in cultured endothelial cells in the presence of an oxysterol, 27-hydroxycholesterol. After the cells were cultured with 50 nM of lovastatin for 60 h, lovastatin was found to decrease the incorporation of [3H]choline into phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin, inhibited CTP: phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase (CT) activity without altering the activity of sphingomyelin synthase and neutral sphingomyelinase. And lovastatin was not found to have a direct inhibitive effect on activity of CT. Exogenous mevalonic acid or cholesterol reversed the reduction of cholesterol concentration that was caused by lovastatin, but had no significant effect on the diminished [3H]sphingomyelin by lovastatin. The increase of [3H]sphingomyelin by 27-hydroxycholesterol was not detected in the presence of lovastatin. These findings suggest that (1) lovastatin can reduce sphingomyelin content by means of inhibiting phosphatidylcholine synthesis; and (2) The decrease in sphingomyelin is not related to the diminished cholesterol concentration or mevalonate-derived intermediates. This inhibitive effect of lovastatin on sphingomyelin may benefit cellular calcification caused by sphingomyelin.
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27
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Puri R, Nissen SE, Nicholls SJ. Statin-induced coronary artery disease regression rates differ in men and women. Curr Opin Lipidol 2015; 26:276-81. [PMID: 26132419 DOI: 10.1097/mol.0000000000000195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Whether statins are equi-efficacious in women and men continues to be debated. The potential antiatherosclerotic effects of high-intensity statin therapy on coronary atheroma in women compared with men have only very recently been characterized. This review aims to summarize the evidence underlying these recent observations. RECENT FINDINGS Coronary intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) is a highly sensitive plaque imaging tool, and serial changes of plaque burden on IVUS are known to associate with incident cardiovascular events. Study of coronary atheroma by intravascular ultrasound: effect of rosuvastatin versus atorvastatin was a randomized controlled trial employing serial IVUS to evaluate the antiatherosclerotic efficacy of high-dose rosuvastatin and atorvastatin during a 24-month study period. Study of coronary atheroma by intravascular ultrasound: effect of rosuvastatin versus atorvastatin revealed significantly greater coronary atheroma regression in women compared with men, particularly in the setting of lower achieved LDL cholesterol. Results of this analysis also identified a significant interaction between sex and type of statin used. SUMMARY These findings support the broad use of statins, especially high-intensity statins, in women with coronary artery disease, who may in fact derive greater benefit than men. These findings also suggest the need for dedicated clinical trials involving women, supporting the notion of more personalized therapeutic strategies for tackling atherosclerotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Puri
- aDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, C5Research (C5R), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA bSouth Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Hinterwirth H, Stegemann C, Mayr M. Lipidomics: quest for molecular lipid biomarkers in cardiovascular disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 7:941-54. [PMID: 25516624 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.114.000550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Lipidomics is the comprehensive analysis of molecular lipid species, including their quantitation and metabolic pathways. The huge diversity of native lipids and their modifications make lipidomic analyses challenging. The method of choice for sensitive detection and quantitation of molecular lipid species is mass spectrometry, either by direct infusion (shotgun lipidomics) or coupled with liquid chromatography. Although shotgun lipidomics allows for high-throughput analysis, low-abundant lipid species are not detected. Previous separation of lipid species by liquid chromatography increases ionization efficiency and is better suited for quantifying low abundant and isomeric lipid species. In this review, we will discuss the potential of lipidomics for cardiovascular research. To date, cardiovascular research predominantly focuses on the role of lipid classes rather than molecular entities. An in-depth knowledge about the molecular lipid species that contribute to the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases may provide better biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Hinterwirth
- From the King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christin Stegemann
- From the King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Manuel Mayr
- From the King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College, London, United Kingdom.
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Abstract
Identifying the mechanisms that convert a healthy vascular wall to an atherosclerotic wall is of major importance since the consequences may lead to a shortened lifespan. Classical risk factors (age, smoking, obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia) may result in the progression of atherosclerotic lesions by processes including inflammation and lipid accumulation. Thus, the evaluation of blood lipids and the full lipid complement produced by cells, organisms, or tissues (lipidomics) is an issue of importance. In this review, we shall describe the recent progress in vascular health research using lipidomic advances. We will begin with an overview of vascular wall biology and lipids, followed by a short analysis of lipidomics. Finally, we shall focus on the clinical implications of lipidomics and studies that have examined lipidomic approaches and vascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genovefa Kolovou
- Cardiology Department, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece
| | - Vana Kolovou
- Cardiology Department, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece ; Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece
| | - Sophie Mavrogeni
- Cardiology Department, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece
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Abstract
BACKGROUND This represents the first update of this review, which was published in 2012. Atorvastatin is one of the most widely prescribed drugs and the most widely prescribed statin in the world. It is therefore important to know the dose-related magnitude of effect of atorvastatin on blood lipids. OBJECTIVES Primary objective To quantify the effects of various doses of atorvastatin on serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and triglycerides in individuals with and without evidence of cardiovascular disease. The primary focus of this review was determination of the mean per cent change from baseline of LDL-cholesterol. Secondary objectives • To quantify the variability of effects of various doses of atorvastatin.• To quantify withdrawals due to adverse effects (WDAEs) in placebo-controlled randomised controlled trials (RCTs). SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (Issue 11, 2013), MEDLINE (1966 to December Week 2 2013), EMBASE (1980 to December Week 2 2013), Web of Science (1899 to December Week 2 2013) and BIOSIS Previews (1969 to December Week 2 2013). We applied no language restrictions. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled and uncontrolled before-and-after trials evaluating the dose response of different fixed doses of atorvastatin on blood lipids over a duration of three to 12 weeks. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently assessed eligibility criteria for studies to be included and extracted data. We collected information on withdrawals due to adverse effects from placebo-controlled trials. MAIN RESULTS In this update, we found an additional 42 trials and added them to the original 254 studies. The update consists of 296 trials that evaluated dose-related efficacy of atorvastatin in 38,817 participants. Included are 242 before-and-after trials and 54 placebo-controlled RCTs. Log dose-response data from both trial designs revealed linear dose-related effects on blood total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides. The Summary of findings table 1 documents the effect of atorvastatin on LDL-cholesterol over the dose range of 10 to 80 mg/d, which is the range for which this systematic review acquired the greatest quantity of data. Over this range, blood LDL-cholesterol is decreased by 37.1% to 51.7% (Summary of findings table 1). The slope of dose-related effects on cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol was similar for atorvastatin and rosuvastatin, but rosuvastatin is about three-fold more potent. Subgroup analyses suggested that the atorvastatin effect was greater in females than in males and was greater in non-familial than in familial hypercholesterolaemia. Risk of bias for the outcome of withdrawals due to adverse effects (WDAEs) was high, but the mostly unclear risk of bias was judged unlikely to affect lipid measurements. Withdrawals due to adverse effects were not statistically significantly different between atorvastatin and placebo groups in these short-term trials (risk ratio 0.98, 95% confidence interval 0.68 to 1.40). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS This update resulted in no change to the main conclusions of the review but significantly increases the strength of the evidence. Studies show that atorvastatin decreases blood total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in a linear dose-related manner over the commonly prescribed dose range. New findings include that atorvastatin is more than three-fold less potent than rosuvastatin, and that the cholesterol-lowering effects of atorvastatin are greater in females than in males and greater in non-familial than in familial hypercholesterolaemia. This review update does not provide a good estimate of the incidence of harms associated with atorvastatin because included trials were of short duration and adverse effects were not reported in 37% of placebo-controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P Adams
- University of British ColumbiaDepartment of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics2176 Health Sciences Mall, Medical Block CVancouverBCCanadaV6T 1Z3
| | - Michael Tsang
- McMaster UniversityDepartment of Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine Residency Office, Faculty of Medicine1200 Main Street WestHSC 3W10HamiltonONCanadaL8N 3N5
| | - James M Wright
- University of British ColumbiaDepartment of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics2176 Health Sciences Mall, Medical Block CVancouverBCCanadaV6T 1Z3
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Snowden SG, Grapov D, Settergren M, D'Alexandri FL, Haeggström JZ, Fiehn O, Hyötyläinen T, Pedersen TL, Newman JW, Orešič M, Pernow J, Wheelock CE. High-dose simvastatin exhibits enhanced lipid-lowering effects relative to simvastatin/ezetimibe combination therapy. CIRCULATION. CARDIOVASCULAR GENETICS 2014; 7:955-964. [PMID: 25516625 PMCID: PMC4270085 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.114.000606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Statins are the frontline in cholesterol reduction therapies; however, their use in combination with agents that possess complimentary mechanisms of action may achieve further reductions in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Thirty-nine patients were treated with either 80 mg simvastatin (n=20) or 10 mg simvastatin plus 10 mg ezetimibe (n=19) for 6 weeks. Dosing was designed to produce comparable low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reductions, while enabling assessment of potential simvastatin-associated pleiotropic effects. Baseline and post-treatment plasma were analyzed for lipid mediators (eg, eicosanoids and endocannabinoids) and structural lipids by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. After statistical analysis and orthogonal projections to latent structures multivariate modeling, no changes were observed in lipid mediator levels, whereas global structural lipids were reduced in response to both monotherapy (R(2)Y=0.74; Q(2)=0.66; cross-validated ANOVA P=7.0×10(-8)) and combination therapy (R(2)Y=0.67; Q(2)=0.54; cross-validated ANOVA P=2.6×10(-5)). Orthogonal projections to latent structures modeling identified a subset of 12 lipids that classified the 2 treatment groups after 6 weeks (R(2)Y=0.65; Q(2)=0.61; cross-validated ANOVA P=5.4×10(-8)). Decreases in the lipid species phosphatidylcholine (15:0/18:2) and hexosyl-ceramide (d18:1/24:0) were the strongest discriminators of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reductions for both treatment groups (q<0.00005), whereas phosphatidylethanolamine (36:3e) contributed most to distinguishing treatment groups (q=0.017). Shifts in lipid composition were similar for high-dose simvastatin and simvastatin/ezetimibe combination therapy, but the magnitude of the reduction was linked to simvastatin dosage. Simvastatin therapy did not affect circulating levels of lipid mediators, suggesting that pleiotropic effects are not associated with eicosanoid production. Only high-dose simvastatin reduced the relative proportion of sphingomyelin and ceramide to phosphatidylcholine (q=0.008), suggesting a pleiotropic effect previously associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart G Snowden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Biophysics, Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dmitry Grapov
- NIH West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California
- USDA ARS Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA
| | - Magnus Settergren
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Cardiology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fabio Luiz D'Alexandri
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Biophysics, Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jesper Z Haeggström
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Biophysics, Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- NIH West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California
| | | | | | - John W Newman
- USDA ARS Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA
- Department of Nutrition, University of California
| | - Matej Orešič
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | - John Pernow
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Cardiology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Craig E Wheelock
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Biophysics, Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Rosuvastatin is one of the most potent statins and is currently widely prescribed. It is therefore important to know the dose-related magnitude of effect of rosuvastatin on blood lipids. OBJECTIVES Primary objective To quantify the effects of various doses of rosuvastatin on serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, non-HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides in participants with and without evidence of cardiovascular disease. Secondary objectives To quantify the variability of the effect of various doses of rosuvastatin.To quantify withdrawals due to adverse effects (WDAEs) in the randomized placebo-controlled trials. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) Issue 10 of 12, 2014 in The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE (1946 to October week 5 2014), EMBASE (1980 to 2014 week 44), Web of Science Core Collection (1970 to 5 November 2014) and BIOSIS Citation Index (1969 to 31 October 2014). No language restrictions were applied. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomized controlled and uncontrolled before-and-after trials evaluating the dose response of different fixed doses of rosuvastatin on blood lipids over a duration of three to 12 weeks. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently assessed eligibility criteria for studies to be included and extracted data. WDAEs information was collected from the placebo-controlled trials. MAIN RESULTS One-hundred and eight trials (18 placebo-controlled and 90 before-and-after) evaluated the dose-related efficacy of rosuvastatin in 19,596 participants. Rosuvastatin 10 to 40 mg/day caused LDL-cholesterol decreases of 46% to 55%, when all the trials were combined using the generic inverse variance method. The quality of evidence for these effects is high. Log dose-response data over doses of 1 to 80 mg, revealed strong linear dose-related effects on blood total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and non-HDL-cholesterol. When compared to atorvastatin, rosuvastatin was about three-fold more potent at reducing LDL-cholesterol. There was no dose-related effect of rosuvastatin on blood HDL-cholesterol, but overall, rosuvastatin increased HDL by 7%. There is a high risk of bias for the trials in this review, which would affect WDAEs, but unlikely to affect the lipid measurements. WDAEs were not statistically different between rosuvastatin and placebo in 10 of 18 of these short-term trials (risk ratio 0.84; 95% confidence interval 0.48 to 1.47). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS The total blood total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and non-HDL-cholesterol-lowering effect of rosuvastatin was linearly dependent on dose. Rosuvastatin log dose-response data were linear over the commonly prescribed dose range. Based on an informal comparison with atorvastatin, this represents a three-fold greater potency. This review did not provide a good estimate of the incidence of harms associated with rosuvastatin because of the short duration of the trials and the lack of reporting of adverse effects in 44% of the placebo-controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P Adams
- University of British ColumbiaDepartment of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics2176 Health Sciences Mall, Medical Block CVancouverCanadaV6T 1Z3
| | - Sarpreet S Sekhon
- University of British ColumbiaDepartment of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics2176 Health Sciences Mall, Medical Block CVancouverCanadaV6T 1Z3
| | - James M Wright
- University of British ColumbiaDepartment of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics2176 Health Sciences Mall, Medical Block CVancouverCanadaV6T 1Z3
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Rolim AEH, Henrique-Araújo R, Ferraz EG, de Araújo Alves Dultra FK, Fernandez LG. Lipidomics in the study of lipid metabolism: Current perspectives in the omic sciences. Gene 2014; 554:131-9. [PMID: 25445283 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The advances in systems biology and in the development of new technological tools in analysis, as well as in the omic sciences, among which, metabolomics, and more specifically, lipidomics, have made it possible to investigate the structural and functional complexity of lipids in biological systems. Liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry are the analytical approaches most used in lipid research. Biomedical research, with the development of specific markers for lipids, together with new software development, have both enabled the early diagnosis of several illnesses, besides the evaluation of drug activity and treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Emília Holanda Rolim
- Post-graduation Program in Interactive Processes of Organs and Systems, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Henrique-Araújo
- Post-graduation Program in Interactive Processes of Organs and Systems, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Gomes Ferraz
- Post-graduation Program in Interactive Processes of Organs and Systems, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Fátima Karoline de Araújo Alves Dultra
- Post-graduation Program in Interactive Processes of Organs and Systems, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Luzimar Gonzaga Fernandez
- Institute of Health Sciences-ICS, Federal University of Bahia-UFBA, Department of Biofunção, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioproducts-LBBB, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
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Puri R, Nissen SE, Shao M, Ballantyne CM, Barter PJ, Chapman MJ, Erbel R, Libby P, Raichlen JS, Uno K, Kataoka Y, Nicholls SJ. Sex-Related Differences of Coronary Atherosclerosis Regression Following Maximally Intensive Statin Therapy. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2014; 7:1013-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2014.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Jiang P, Mukthavaram R, Chao Y, Nomura N, Bharati IS, Fogal V, Pastorino S, Teng D, Cong X, Pingle SC, Kapoor S, Shetty K, Aggrawal A, Vali S, Abbasi T, Chien S, Kesari S. In vitro and in vivo anticancer effects of mevalonate pathway modulation on human cancer cells. Br J Cancer 2014; 111:1562-71. [PMID: 25093497 PMCID: PMC4200085 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The increasing usage of statins (the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors) has revealed a number of unexpected beneficial effects, including a reduction in cancer risk. Methods: We investigated the direct anticancer effects of different statins approved for clinical use on human breast and brain cancer cells. We also explored the effects of statins on cancer cells using in silico simulations. Results: In vitro studies showed that cerivastatin, pitavastatin, and fluvastatin were the most potent anti-proliferative, autophagy inducing agents in human cancer cells including stem cell-like primary glioblastoma cell lines. Consistently, pitavastatin was more effective than fluvastatin in inhibiting U87 tumour growth in vivo. Intraperitoneal injection was much better than oral administration in delaying glioblastoma growth. Following statin treatment, tumour cells were rescued by adding mevalonate and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate. Knockdown of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthetase-1 also induced strong cell autophagy and cell death in vitro and reduced U87 tumour growth in vivo. These data demonstrate that statins main effect is via targeting the mevalonate synthesis pathway in tumour cells. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates the potent anticancer effects of statins. These safe and well-tolerated drugs need to be further investigated as cancer chemotherapeutics in comprehensive clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Jiang
- Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratories, Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - R Mukthavaram
- Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratories, Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Y Chao
- Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratories, Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - N Nomura
- Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratories, Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - I S Bharati
- Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratories, Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - V Fogal
- Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratories, Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - S Pastorino
- Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratories, Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - D Teng
- Departments of Bioengineering and Medicine and Institute of Engineering in Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - X Cong
- Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratories, Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - S C Pingle
- Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratories, Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - S Kapoor
- Cellworks Group, Inc., 2025 Gateway Place, Suite 265, San Jose, CA 95110, USA
| | - K Shetty
- Cellworks Group, Inc., 2025 Gateway Place, Suite 265, San Jose, CA 95110, USA
| | - A Aggrawal
- Cellworks Group, Inc., 2025 Gateway Place, Suite 265, San Jose, CA 95110, USA
| | - S Vali
- Cellworks Group, Inc., 2025 Gateway Place, Suite 265, San Jose, CA 95110, USA
| | - T Abbasi
- Cellworks Group, Inc., 2025 Gateway Place, Suite 265, San Jose, CA 95110, USA
| | - S Chien
- Departments of Bioengineering and Medicine and Institute of Engineering in Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - S Kesari
- 1] Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratories, Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA [2] Department of Neurosciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Lipidomics: Potential role in risk prediction and therapeutic monitoring for diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Pharmacol Ther 2014; 143:12-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Kulkarni H, Meikle PJ, Mamtani M, Weir JM, Almeida M, Diego V, Peralta JM, Barlow CK, Bellis C, Dyer TD, Almasy L, Mahaney MC, Comuzzie AG, Göring HHH, Curran JE, Blangero J. Plasma lipidome is independently associated with variability in metabolic syndrome in Mexican American families. J Lipid Res 2014; 55:939-46. [PMID: 24627127 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m044065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma lipidome is now increasingly recognized as a potentially important marker of chronic diseases, but the exact extent of its contribution to the interindividual phenotypic variability in family studies is unknown. Here, we used the rich data from the ongoing San Antonio Family Heart Study (SAFHS) and developed a novel statistical approach to quantify the independent and additive value of the plasma lipidome in explaining metabolic syndrome (MS) variability in Mexican American families recruited in the SAFHS. Our analytical approach included two preprocessing steps: principal components analysis of the high-resolution plasma lipidomics data and construction of a subject-subject lipidomic similarity matrix. We then used the Sequential Oligogenic Linkage Analysis Routines software to model the complex family relationships, lipidomic similarities, and other important covariates in a variance components framework. Our results suggested that even after accounting for the shared genetic influences, indicators of lipemic status (total serum cholesterol, TGs, and HDL cholesterol), and obesity, the plasma lipidome independently explained 22% of variability in the homeostatic model of assessment-insulin resistance trait and 16% to 22% variability in glucose, insulin, and waist circumference. Our results demonstrate that plasma lipidomic studies can additively contribute to an understanding of the interindividual variability in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemant Kulkarni
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227
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Lu J, Mazer NA, Hübner K. Mathematical models of lipoprotein metabolism and kinetics: current status and future perspective. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.2217/clp.13.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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van der Greef J, van Wietmarschen H, van Ommen B, Verheij E. Looking back into the future: 30 years of metabolomics at TNO. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2013; 32:399-415. [PMID: 23630115 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Revised: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Metabolites have played an essential role in our understanding of life, health, and disease for thousands of years. This domain became much more important after the concept of metabolism was discovered. In the 1950s, mass spectrometry was coupled to chromatography and made the technique more application-oriented and allowed the development of new profiling technologies. Since 1980, TNO has performed system-based metabolic profiling of body fluids, and combined with pattern recognition has led to many discoveries and contributed to the field known as metabolomics and systems biology. This review describes the development of related concepts and applications at TNO in the biomedical, pharmaceutical, nutritional, and microbiological fields, and provides an outlook for the future.
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Martínez-Beamonte R, Lou-Bonafonte JM, Martínez-Gracia MV, Osada J. Sphingomyelin in high-density lipoproteins: structural role and biological function. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:7716-41. [PMID: 23571495 PMCID: PMC3645712 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14047716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Revised: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels are an inverse risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, and sphingomyelin (SM) is the second most abundant phospholipid component and the major sphingolipid in HDL. Considering the marked presence of SM, the present review has focused on the current knowledge about this phospholipid by addressing its variable distribution among HDL lipoparticles, how they acquire this phospholipid, and the important role that SM plays in regulating their fluidity and cholesterol efflux from different cells. In addition, plasma enzymes involved in HDL metabolism such as lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase or phospholipid transfer protein are inhibited by HDL SM content. Likewise, HDL SM levels are influenced by dietary maneuvers (source of protein or fat), drugs (statins or diuretics) and modified in diseases such as diabetes, renal failure or Niemann-Pick disease. Furthermore, increased levels of HDL SM have been shown to be an inverse risk factor for coronary heart disease. The complexity of SM species, described using new lipidomic methodologies, and their distribution in different HDL particles under many experimental conditions are promising avenues for further research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Martínez-Beamonte
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza E-50013, Spain; E-Mail:
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid E-28029, Spain; E-Mails: (J.M.L.-B.); (M.V.M.-G.)
| | - Jose M. Lou-Bonafonte
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid E-28029, Spain; E-Mails: (J.M.L.-B.); (M.V.M.-G.)
- Departamento de Farmacología y Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y del Deporte, Universidad de Zaragoza, Huesca E-22002, Spain
| | - María V. Martínez-Gracia
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid E-28029, Spain; E-Mails: (J.M.L.-B.); (M.V.M.-G.)
| | - Jesús Osada
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza E-50013, Spain; E-Mail:
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid E-28029, Spain; E-Mails: (J.M.L.-B.); (M.V.M.-G.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +34-976-761-644; Fax: +34-976-761-612
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Abstract
Ischaemic heart disease accounts for nearly half of the global cardiovascular disease burden. Aetiologies relating to heart disease are complex, but dyslipidaemia, oxidative stress and inflammation are cardinal features. Despite preventative measures and advancements in treatment regimens with lipid-lowering agents, the high prevalence of heart disease and the residual risk of recurrent events continue to be a significant burden to the health sector and to the affected individuals and their families. The development of improved risk models for the early detection and prevention of cardiovascular events in addition to new therapeutic strategies to address this residual risk are required if we are to continue to make inroads into this most prevalent of diseases. Metabolomics and lipidomics are modern disciplines that characterize the metabolite and lipid complement respectively, of a given system. Their application to ischaemic heart disease has demonstrated utilities in population profiling, identification of multivariate biomarkers and in monitoring of therapeutic response, as well as in basic mechanistic studies. Although advances in magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry technologies have given rise to the fields of metabolomics and lipidomics, the plethora of data generated presents challenges requiring specific statistical and bioinformatics applications, together with appropriate study designs. Nonetheless, the predictive and re-classification capacity of individuals with various degrees of risk by the plasma lipidome has recently been demonstrated. In the present review, we summarize evidence derived exclusively by metabolomic and lipidomic studies in the context of ischaemic heart disease. We consider the potential role of plasma lipid profiling in assessing heart disease risk and therapeutic responses, and explore the potential mechanisms. Finally, we highlight where metabolomic studies together with complementary -omic disciplines may make further inroads into the understanding, detection and treatment of ischaemic heart disease.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Atorvastatin is one of the most widely prescribed drugs and the most widely prescribed statin in the world. It is therefore important to know the dose-related magnitude of effect of atorvastatin on blood lipids. OBJECTIVES To quantify the dose-related effects of atorvastatin on blood lipids and withdrawals due to adverse effects (WDAE). SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) on The Cochrane Library Issue 4, 2011, MEDLINE (1966 to November 2011), EMBASE (1980 to November 2011), ISI Web of Science (1899 to November 2011) and BIOSIS Previews (1969 to November 2011). No language restrictions were applied. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled and uncontrolled before-and-after trials evaluating the dose response of different fixed doses of atorvastatin on blood lipids over a duration of 3 to 12 weeks. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently assessed trial quality and extracted data. WDAE information was collected from the placebo-controlled trials. MAIN RESULTS Two hundred fifty-four trials evaluated the dose-related efficacy of atorvastatin in 33,505 participants. Log dose-response data revealed linear dose-related effects on blood total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol and triglycerides. Combining all the trials using the generic inverse variance fixed-effect model for doses of 10 to 80 mg/day resulted in decreases of 36% to 53% for LDL-cholesterol. There was no significant dose-related effects of atorvastatin on blood high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol. WDAE were not statistically different between atorvastatin and placebo for these short-term trials (risk ratio 0.99; 95% confidence interval 0.68 to 1.45). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Blood total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride lowering effect of atorvastatin was dependent on dose. Log dose-response data was linear over the commonly prescribed dose range. Manufacturer-recommended atorvastatin doses of 10 to 80 mg/day resulted in 36% to 53% decreases of LDL-cholesterol. The review did not provide a good estimate of the incidence of harms associated with atorvastatin because of the short duration of the trials and the lack of reporting of adverse effects in 37% of the placebo-controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P Adams
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver,
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Lipidomics: Opportunities to Identify New Causal Mechanisms and Therapeutics for Atherosclerosis. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR RISK REPORTS 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12170-012-0284-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Szymańska E, van Dorsten FA, Troost J, Paliukhovich I, van Velzen EJJ, Hendriks MMWB, Trautwein EA, van Duynhoven JPM, Vreeken RJ, Smilde AK. A lipidomic analysis approach to evaluate the response to cholesterol-lowering food intake. Metabolomics 2012; 8:894-906. [PMID: 23060736 PMCID: PMC3465648 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-011-0384-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Plant sterols (PS) are well known to reduce serum levels of total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol. Lipidomics potentially provides detailed information on a wide range of individual serum lipid metabolites, which may further add to our understanding of the biological effects of PS. In this study, lipidomics analysis was applied to serum samples from a placebo-controlled, parallel human intervention study (n = 97) of 4-week consumption of two PS-enriched, yoghurt drinks differing in fat content (based on 0.1% vs. 1.5% dairy fat). A comprehensive data analysis strategy was developed and implemented to assess and compare effects of two different PS-treatments and placebo treatment. The combination of univariate and multivariate data analysis approaches allowed to show significant effects of PS intake on the serum lipidome, and helped to distinguish them from fat content and non-specific effects. The PS-enriched 0.1% dairy fat yoghurt drink had a stronger impact on the lipidome than the 1.5% dairy fat yoghurt drink, despite similar LDL-cholesterol lowering effects. The PS-enriched 0.1% dairy fat yoghurt drink reduced levels of several sphingomyelins which correlated well with the reduction in LDL-cholesterol and can be explained by co-localization of sphingomyelins and cholesterol on the surface of LDL lipoprotein. Statistically significant reductions in serum levels of two lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC(16:1), LPC(20:1)) and cholesteryl arachidonate may suggest reduced inflammation and atherogenic potential. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11306-011-0384-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Szymańska
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Biosystems Data Analysis, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ferdinand A. van Dorsten
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Unilever R&D, Vlaardingen, The Netherlands
| | - Jorne Troost
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
- LACDR, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Iryna Paliukhovich
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
- LACDR, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ewoud J. J. van Velzen
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Biosystems Data Analysis, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Unilever R&D, Vlaardingen, The Netherlands
| | - Margriet M. W. B. Hendriks
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Metabolic and Endocrine Diseases, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - John P. M. van Duynhoven
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Unilever R&D, Vlaardingen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rob J. Vreeken
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
- LACDR, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Age K. Smilde
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Biosystems Data Analysis, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Wopereis S, Radonjic M, Rubingh C, Erk MV, Smilde A, Duyvenvoorde WV, Cnubben N, Kooistra T, Ommen BV, Kleemann R. Identification of prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers of glucose intolerance in ApoE3Leiden mice. Physiol Genomics 2012; 44:293-304. [PMID: 22234995 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00072.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus Type 2 could be significantly reduced by early identification of subjects at risk, allowing for better prevention and earlier treatment. Glucose intolerance (GI) is a hallmark of the prediabetic stage. This study aims at identifying 1) prognostic biomarkers predicting the risk of developing GI later in life and 2) diagnostic biomarkers reflecting the degree of already manifest GI. To this end, disease development was followed over time in mice, and biomarkers were identified using lipidomics and transcriptomics. Young adult ApoE3Leiden mice were treated a high-fat diet for 12 wk to induce GI. Blood was collected before and during disease development. The individual extent of GI was determined with a glucose tolerance test and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated for each animal. Subject-specific AUC values were correlated to the plasma lipidome (t = 0) and the white blood cell (WBC) transcriptome (t = 0, 6, and 12 wk) to identify prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers, respectively. The plasma ratio of specific free fatty acids prior to high-fat feeding (C16:1/C16:0, C18:1/C18:0 and C18:2/C22:6) was significantly correlated with the AUC and predictive for future GI. Subsequently, the expression level of specific WBC genes (Acss2, Arfgap1, Tfrc, Cox6b2, Barhl2, Abcb4, Cyp4b1, Sars2, Fgf16, and Tceal8) reflected the individual degree of GI during disease progression. Specific plasma free fatty acids as well as their ratio can be used to predict future GI. The expression levels of specific WBC genes can serve as easy accessible markers to diagnose and monitor already existing GI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan Wopereis
- TNO, Research Group Microbiology and Systems Biology, P.O. Box 360, 3700 AJ Zeist, the Netherlands.
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Puri R, Duong M, Uno K, Kataoka Y, Nicholls SJ. The emerging role of plasma lipidomics in cardiovascular drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2011; 7:63-72. [PMID: 22468894 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2012.644041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION With the rising global incidence of cardiovascular disease, the challenge for the pharmaceutical industry is to identify novel biomarkers that will allow not only for the development of the next generation of cardiometabolic therapeutics, but also to serve as a sensitive mechanism to monitor and predict drug efficacy and potential toxicity. The advent of an 'omics' (systems biological) approach has vast implications for future disease treatment and prevention. Lipidomics is the latest addition to the 'omics' family and is rapidly gaining attention due to the technological improvements in mass spectrometry, allowing for the characterization of large number of lipids (and their respective subclasses) in a short amount of time with relatively minimal preparation. AREAS COVERED The authors discuss the various techniques involved in plasma lipidomics as well as outline the role that lipidomics will play in phenotyping disease processes and corresponding therapeutic strategies. The article was formed through comprehensive Medline search of relevant publications in this area. EXPERT OPINION Despite the wealth of data that will emerge regarding the various lipid-molecular interactions and the functions of lipids within cells, a major challenge will be the parallel emergence of novel bioinformatics platforms in order to integrate this enormous data set with information generated from the emerging fields of genomics and proteomic analysis. Despite these challenges, lipidomics is likely to result in the reclassification of diseases from a molecular perspective and play a key role the eventuation of personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Puri
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Hu C, Wei H, van den Hoek AM, Wang M, van der Heijden R, Spijksma G, Reijmers TH, Bouwman J, Wopereis S, Havekes LM, Verheij E, Hankemeier T, Xu G, van der Greef J. Plasma and liver lipidomics response to an intervention of rimonabant in ApoE*3Leiden.CETP transgenic mice. PLoS One 2011; 6:e19423. [PMID: 21611179 PMCID: PMC3096625 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2010] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lipids are known to play crucial roles in the development of life-style related risk factors such as obesity, dyslipoproteinemia, hypertension and diabetes. The first selective cannabinoid-1 receptor blocker rimonabant, an anorectic anti-obesity drug, was frequently used in conjunction with diet and exercise for patients with a body mass index greater than 30 kg/m2 with associated risk factors such as type II diabetes and dyslipidaemia in the past. Less is known about the impact of this drug on the regulation of lipid metabolism in plasma and liver in the early stage of obesity. Methodology/Principal Findings We designed a four-week parallel controlled intervention on apolipoprotein E3 Leiden cholesteryl ester transfer protein (ApoE*3Leiden.CETP) transgenic mice with mild overweight and hypercholesterolemia. A liquid chromatography–linear ion trap-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometric approach was employed to investigate plasma and liver lipid responses to the rimonabant intervention. Rimonabant was found to induce a significant body weight loss (9.4%, p<0.05) and a significant plasma total cholesterol reduction (24%, p<0.05). Six plasma and three liver lipids in ApoE*3Leiden.CETP transgenic mice were detected to most significantly respond to rimonabant treatment. Distinct lipid patterns between the mice were observed for both plasma and liver samples in rimonabant treatment vs. non-treated controls. This study successfully applied, for the first time, systems biology based lipidomics approaches to evaluate treatment effects of rimonabant in the early stage of obesity. Conclusion The effects of rimonabant on lipid metabolism and body weight reduction in the early stage obesity were shown to be moderate in ApoE*3Leiden.CETP mice on high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiu Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
- Division of Analytical Biosciences, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Heng Wei
- Sino-Dutch Centre for Preventive and Personalized Medicine, Zeist, The Netherlands
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Science, TNO, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | | | - Mei Wang
- Sino-Dutch Centre for Preventive and Personalized Medicine, Zeist, The Netherlands
- SU BioMedicine, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Rob van der Heijden
- Division of Analytical Biosciences, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gerwin Spijksma
- Division of Analytical Biosciences, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Theo H. Reijmers
- Division of Analytical Biosciences, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jildau Bouwman
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Science, TNO, Zeist, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Suzan Wopereis
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Science, TNO, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | | | - Elwin Verheij
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Science, TNO, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Hankemeier
- Division of Analytical Biosciences, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Guowang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
- Sino-Dutch Centre for Preventive and Personalized Medicine, Zeist, The Netherlands
- * E-mail: (JvdG); (GX)
| | - Jan van der Greef
- Division of Analytical Biosciences, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Sino-Dutch Centre for Preventive and Personalized Medicine, Zeist, The Netherlands
- SU BioMedicine, Zeist, The Netherlands
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Science, TNO, Zeist, The Netherlands
- * E-mail: (JvdG); (GX)
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Chen F, Maridakis V, O’Neill EA, Hubbard BK, Strack A, Beals C, Herman GA, Wong P. The effects of simvastatin treatment on plasma lipid-related biomarkers in men with dyslipidaemia. Biomarkers 2011; 16:321-33. [DOI: 10.3109/1354750x.2011.561367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Chen
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Chan Beals
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ, USA
| | | | - Peggy Wong
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ, USA
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Kontush A, Chapman MJ. Lipidomics as a tool for the study of lipoprotein metabolism. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2010; 12:194-201. [PMID: 20425259 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-010-0100-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Although technologies for lipidomic and proteomic investigations have developed very recently, lipidomic and proteomic studies of plasma lipoproteins have already provided several impressive examples of detailed characterization of distinct metabolic pathways potentially involved in lipoprotein metabolism in both health and disease states (obesity, insulin resistance, fatty liver disease) as well as under lifestyle and dietary modification (fish consumption, carbohydrates, probiotics) and lipid-modifying treatments (statins, low-density lipoprotein apheresis). Available lipidomic methodologies have facilitated detailed characterization of lipid classes and molecular species present in plasma as well as in lipoprotein fractions. Together with emerging proteomic techniques, lipidomics of plasma lipoproteins will soon provide molecular details of lipoprotein composition, which will ultimately be translated into integrated knowledge of the structure, metabolism, and function of lipoproteins in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatol Kontush
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, 75013, France.
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50
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Karalis IK, Bergheanu SC, Wolterbeek R, Dallinga-Thie GM, Hattori H, van Tol A, Liem AH, Wouter Jukema J. Effect of increasing doses of Rosuvastatin and Atorvastatin on apolipoproteins, enzymes and lipid transfer proteins involved in lipoprotein metabolism and inflammatory parameters. Curr Med Res Opin 2010; 26:2301-13. [PMID: 20731529 DOI: 10.1185/03007995.2010.509264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This paper contains detailed results of a sub-population of the prospective randomized RADAR (Rosuvastatin and Atorvastatin in different Dosages And Reverse cholesterol transport) study. OBJECTIVE Statin treatment results in substantially decreased incidence of cardiovascular events but the exact pathophysiological mechanism of their beneficial effect is yet unclear. We aimed to examine the effects of up-titrated doses of two widely used statins (atorvastatin (ATOR) and rosuvastatin (ROSU)) on parameters involved in lipoprotein metabolism, in patients with low high density lipoprotein cholesterol values (HDL-C). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In this RADAR substudy, 80 patients, aged 40-80 years, with known cardiovascular disease and low HDL-C (<1.0 mmol/l), were randomized to receive, after an initial 6 week dietary run-in phase, either ATOR 20 mg (n = 41) or ROSU 10 mg (n = 39). The doses were up-titrated (in 6 week intervals) to 80 mg of ATOR or 40 mg of ROSU at 12 weeks. Serum lipoproteins and lipoprotein metabolism parameters were measured at baseline and at 6 and 18 weeks of follow up. RESULTS Both statins significantly reduced total cholesterol (TChol) and non-HDL-C values with ROSU being more effective for the doses studied (p < 0.05). No statistically significant effect on HDL-C was observed for either statin. Apolipoproteins (apo) B, CI, CIII, AV and E were significantly reduced in both groups (p < 0.05), while the ratio of HDL particles containing both apoAI and apoAII (LpAI-AII) over HDL containing apoAI alone (LpAI) was changed for both statins with the decrease of LpAI being more prominent in the ATOR group (p = 0.028). Cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) mass and activity, phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) activity and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) mass and activity were all significantly reduced in both treatment groups over the follow-up period (p < 0.001). ATOR displayed a more prominent decrease of PLTP activity compared to ROSU (p = 0.043), while ROSU displayed a more prominent decrease of Lp-PLA2 activity compared to ATOR (p = 0.04). Both statins effectively reduced, in a dose-dependent way, high sensitivity C-reactive protein values over time, while no effect on the levels of circulating inter cellular adhesion molecule 1 (cICAM-1) was observed. CONCLUSIONS The effects of statin treatment extend further and beyond a mere TChol and LDL cholesterol reduction, as demonstrated by the aforementioned alterations of lipoproteins, enzymes and lipid transfer proteins involved in lipoprotein metabolism and pro-atherogenic and inflammatory molecules. ROSU and ATOR displayed a similar pattern of effect on lipid metabolism with discrete differences in the magnitude of this effect in certain variables. Despite the limitations of small population size and lack of clinical end points, reported data provide an insight for the possible pathophysiological mechanisms implicated in the effect of increasing dosages of different statin treatments.
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