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Liu S, Heshmati A. Relationship between education and well-being in China. JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 2022; 25:123-151. [PMID: 36128330 PMCID: PMC9477166 DOI: 10.1007/s40847-022-00193-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Well-being is often quantitatively measured based on individuals' income or health situation but the relationship between education and well-being has not been fully investigated. It is also important to compare well-being using different individual characteristics especially gender. This paper analyzes well-being using a unique dataset from the Chinese General Social Surveys in 2012, 2013, and 2015. Two measures of well-being are used: self-assessed unidimensional subjective well-being and parametrically estimated multidimensional objective well-being. Objective well-being is a composite parametric index with contributions from different domains of education influenced by identity, capability, and material well-being. These help in understanding the differences between and compare subjective and objective well-being. The results of our descriptive and regression analysis suggests that the multidimensional well-being index differs from subjective well-being in ranking individuals grouped by important common characteristics. These differences are captured by our study which helps to broaden the measurement and analysis of the multidimensionality of the well-being index. Education influences well-being positively, conditional on controlling for identity, capability, material and marital status, and Confucianism. Investments in education and female empowerment which target well-being measures will help reduce the dimensionality of the gender gap in rural China, in particular those attributed to Confucianism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Liu
- Jönköping International Business School, Jönköping University, Room B5017, 551 11 Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Almas Heshmati
- Jönköping International Business School, Jönköping University, Room B5017, 551 11 Jönköping, Sweden
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Associations between socioeconomic status and obesity, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity in community-dwelling older adults: The Tasmanian Older Adult Cohort Study. Exp Gerontol 2021; 156:111627. [PMID: 34785261 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social disadvantage may contribute to increased prevalence of sarcopenia and obesity. This study investigated if socioeconomic factors are associated with obesity, sarcopenia, or sarcopenic obesity (SO), in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS This was a cross-sectional analysis of data from the Tasmanian Older Adult Cohort study. Obesity was defined by body fat percentage (Men: ≥25%; Women: ≥35%) and sarcopenia was defined as the lowest 20% of sex-specific appendicular lean mass (ALM)/height (m2) and handgrip strength. Socioeconomic factors investigated were education (tertiary degree, secondary or no secondary school), occupation (high skilled white-collar, low skilled white-collar, or blue-collar) and residential area (advantaged or disadvantaged area). Multinomial logistic regression analyses yielding odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) were performed and adjusted for potential confounders. Mediation analysis was performed. RESULTS 1099 older adults (63.0 ± 7.5 years; 51.1% women) participated. Older adults with a tertiary degree were significantly less likely to have obesity (0.68; 0.47, 0.98) and SO (0.48; 0.24, 0.94) compared with those who had no secondary schooling. No associations were found for occupation. Similarly, older adults living in advantaged areas were significantly less likely to have obesity (0.61; 0.39, 0.95). Steps per day mediated the association between residential area and body fat percentage by 51%. CONCLUSION Lower educational attainment, but not occupation, was associated with increased likelihood for both obesity and SO in community-dwelling older adults. Low physical activity levels in disadvantaged areas substantially contributed to higher obesity prevalence in this population. Further research is necessary to confirm whether similar associations exist in populations with greater levels of social disadvantage and to design effective community-based interventions.
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Fox EL, Davis C, Downs SM, Schultink W, Fanzo J. Who is the Woman in Women's Nutrition? A Narrative Review of Evidence and Actions to Support Women's Nutrition throughout Life. Curr Dev Nutr 2018. [PMCID: PMC6349991 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzy076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrition interventions that target mothers alone inadequately address women's needs across their lives: during adolescence, preconception, and in later years of life. They also fail to capture nulliparous women. The extent to which nutrition interventions effectively reach women throughout the life course is not well documented. In this comprehensive narrative review, we summarized the impact and delivery platforms of nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive interventions targeting adolescent girls, women of reproductive age (nonpregnant, nonlactating), pregnant and lactating women, women with young children <5 y, and older women, with a focus on nutrition interventions delivered in low- and middle-income countries. We found that although there were many effective interventions that targeted women's nutrition, they largely targeted women who were pregnant and lactating or with young children. There were major gaps in the targeting of interventions to older women. For the delivery platforms, community-based settings, compared with facility-based settings, more equitably reached women across the life course, including adolescents, women of reproductive age, and older women. Nutrition-sensitive approaches were more often delivered in community-based settings; however, the evidence of their impact on women's nutritional outcomes was less clear. We also found major research and programming gaps relative to targeting overweight, obesity, and noncommunicable disease. We conclude that focused efforts on women during pregnancy and in the first couple of years postpartum fail to address the interrelation and compounding nature of nutritional disadvantages that are perpetuated across many women's lives. In order for policies and interventions to more effectively address inequities faced by women, and not only women as mothers, it is essential that they reflect on how, when, and where to engage with women across the life course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth L Fox
- Berman Institute of Bioethics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Claire Davis
- Berman Institute of Bioethics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Shauna M Downs
- Department of Health Systems and Policy, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
| | | | - Jessica Fanzo
- Berman Institute of Bioethics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
- Nitze School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, Washington, DC
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Harbuwono DS, Pramono LA, Yunir E, Subekti I. Obesity and central obesity in Indonesia: evidence from a national health survey. MEDICAL JOURNAL OF INDONESIA 2018. [DOI: 10.13181/mji.v27i2.1512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Obesity and central obesity have become serious public health problems in developing countries such as Indonesia. Although 10 years have passed since the largest national health survey was conducted in 2007, no further analysis and publication concerning obesity and central obesity in Indonesia have been conducted based on the survey. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of obesity and central obesity, and its association with sociodemographic characteristics and comorbidities in Indonesia.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted based on the National Basic Health Survey 2007 using total sampling method from 33 provinces. Obesity is defined as body mass index ≥25 according to the Asia-Pacific standard for obesity. Central obesity is defined as waist circumference >90 cm for men and > 80 cm for women according to the Asia-Pacific standard for central obesity.Results: The prevalence of obesity and central obesity in the Indonesian adult population are 23.1% and 28%, respectively. Both rates are higher in females than in males. Obesity and central obesity are associated with the risk of diabetes and hypertension.Conclusion: Prevalence of obesity and central obesity is high in the Indonesian adult population. Interventional programs are important to promote awareness of obesity and healthy lifestyle changes in the community.
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Chen C, Xu X, Yan Y. Estimated global overweight and obesity burden in pregnant women based on panel data model. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202183. [PMID: 30092099 PMCID: PMC6084991 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To estimate the global and country-level burden of overweight and obesity among pregnant women from 2005 to 2014. Methods Publicly accessible country-level data were collected from the World Health Organization, the World Bank and the Food and Agricultural Organization. We estimated the number of overweight and obese pregnant women among 184 countries and determined the time-related trend from 2005 to 2014. Based on panel data model, we determined the effects of food energy supply, urbanization, gross national income and female employment on the number of overweight and obese pregnant women. Results We estimated that 38.9 million overweight and obese pregnant women and 14.6 million obese pregnant women existed globally in 2014. In upper middle income countries and lower middle income countries, there were sharp increases in the number of overweight and obese pregnant women. In 2014, the percentage of female with overweight and obesity in India was 21.7%, and India had the largest number of overweight and obese pregnant women (4.3 million), which accounted for 11.1% in the world. In the United States of America, a third of women were obese, and the number of obese pregnant women was 1.1 million. In high income countries, caloric supply and urbanization were positively associated with the number of overweight and obese pregnant women. The percentage of employment in agriculture was inversely associated with the number of overweight and obese pregnant women, but only in upper middle income countries and lower middle income countries. Conclusion The number of overweight and obese pregnant women has increased in high income and middle income countries. Environmental changes could lead to increased caloric supply and decreased energy expenditure among women. National and local governments should work together to create a healthy food environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xianglong Xu
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- * E-mail:
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Chung W, Kim J, Lim SJ, Lee S. Sex-specific role of education on the associations of socioeconomic status indicators with obesity risk: A population-based study in South Korea. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190499. [PMID: 29298319 PMCID: PMC5752024 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND No study of obesity risk for people in developed countries has conducted a multi-dimensional analysis of the association of socioeconomic status with obesity. In this paper, we investigated if education functions as either a confounder or an effect modifier in the association of another socioeconomic status indicator with obesity. METHODS This cross-sectional study analyzed data of an adult population sample (10,905 men and 14,580 women) from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010-2014). The study performed multivariate logistic regression analyses for three education levels and four indicators of socioeconomic status (i.e., marital status, residential area, occupation, and income). RESULTS The overall prevalence of obesity was 38.1% in men and 29.1% in women (p < 0.001). In men, while education functioned as an effect modifier in the association between marital status and obesity (p for interaction = 0.006), it functioned as both a confounder (p < 0.001) and an effect modifier (p for interaction < 0.001) in the association between residential area and obesity. In contrast, in women, education functioned as a confounder in the association of residential area with obesity (p = 0.010). However, it functioned as both a confounder (p < 0.001) and an effect modifier (p for interaction = 0.012) in the association between income and obesity. A prediction showed that unlike in women, education was positively associated with obesity risk for some socioeconomic indicator groups in men; for example, in a rural resident group, a higher level of education increased the probability of being obese by 19.7%. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests the need to examine sex-specific studies regarding the role of education on the association between other socioeconomic status indicators and obesity. This should be considered in planning education policies to reduce the risk of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woojin Chung
- Department of Health Policy, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyeun Kim
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Health Insurance Policy Research Institute, National Health Insurance Service, Wonju-si, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
| | - Seung-ji Lim
- Health Insurance Policy Research Institute, National Health Insurance Service, Wonju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunmi Lee
- Health Insurance Policy Research Institute, National Health Insurance Service, Wonju-si, Republic of Korea
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Chung W, Lee S, Lim SJ, Kim J. Modifying effects of education on the association between lifestyle behaviors and the risk of obesity: evidence from South Korea. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:1100. [PMID: 27765022 PMCID: PMC5072334 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3776-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND No previous study has explored the interactions between education and lifestyle in relation to obesity. This study hypothesized that education may be obesogenic through its interplay with lifestyle behaviors. METHODS Data for a nationally representative sample (6937 men and 9333 women) from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010-2012) were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regressions were performed for three education levels and six lifestyle behaviors, each of which comprised two groups. RESULTS Interactions between education and lifestyle behaviors in relation to obesity were observed for all lifestyle behaviors in women (p for interaction <0.001) and for three lifestyle behaviors in men. Education appeared obesogenic for three groups of lifestyle behaviors in men (p for trend <0.05), but was protective against obesity for 11 groups in women. Each one-unit increase in education level in men increased the odds of obesity by 1.29-fold among under-reported energy intake groups (95 % confidence interval: 1.16, 1.44). CONCLUSIONS Education may be a risk factor for obesity through its interplay with lifestyle behaviors. Further research is required to examine these findings in different socio-cultural settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woojin Chung
- Department of Health Policy, Graduate School of Public Health, Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Sunmi Lee
- Health Insurance Policy Research Institute, National Health Insurance Service, 32 Geongang-ro, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26464 Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-ji Lim
- Health Insurance Policy Research Institute, National Health Insurance Service, 32 Geongang-ro, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26464 Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyeun Kim
- Health Insurance Policy Research Institute, National Health Insurance Service, 32 Geongang-ro, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26464 Republic of Korea
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea
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Modesti PA, Bianchi S, Borghi C, Cameli M, Capasso G, Ceriello A, Ciccone MM, Germanò G, Maiello M, Muiesan ML, Novo S, Padeletti L, Palmiero P, Pillon S, Rotella CM, Saba PS, Scicchitano P, Trimarco B, Volpe M, Pedrinelli R, Di Biase M. Cardiovascular health in migrants: current status and issues for prevention. A collaborative multidisciplinary task force report. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2015; 15:683-92. [PMID: 25090156 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000000069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To review information on cardiovascular health and migration, to stress the attention of researchers that much needs to be done in the collection of sound data in Italy and to allow policy makers identifying this issue as an important public health concern. BACKGROUND In Italy, the rate of immigrants in the total number of residents increased from 2.5% in 1990 to 7.4% in 2010, and currently exceeds 10% in regions such as Lombardia, Emilia Romagna and Toscana. METHODS A consensus statement was developed by approaching relevant Italian national scientific societies involved in cardiovascular prevention. Task force members were identified by the president and/or the boards of each relevant scientific society or working group, as appropriate. To obtain a widespread consensus, drafts were merged and distributed to the scientific societies for local evaluation and revision by as many experts as possible. The ensuing final draft was finally approved by scientific societies. RESULTS In several western European countries, the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, obesity and metabolic syndrome was found to be higher among immigrants than in the native population. Although migrants are often initially healthier than non-migrant populations in their host countries, genetic factors, and changing environments with lifestyle changes, social exclusion and insufficient medical control may expose them to health challenges. Cultural reasons may also hamper both the dissemination of prevention strategies and migrant communication with healthcare providers. However, great diversity exists across and within different groups of migrants, making generalizations very difficult and many countries do not collect registry or survey data for migrant's health. CONCLUSIONS In the present economic context, the European Union is placing great attention to improve data collection for migrant health and to support the implementation of specific prevention policies aimed at limiting the future burden of cardiovascular and renal disease, and the consequent load for health systems. Wider initiatives on the topic are awaited in Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro A Modesti
- aDepartment of Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, University of Florence, Florence bDepartment of Medicina Interna, Nefrologia e Dialisi, Ospedali Riuniti di Livorno, Livorno cDepartment of Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, S.Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna dDepartment of Malattie Cardiovascolari, University of Siena, Siena eDepartment of Nephrology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy fInstitute d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain gDepartment of Emergenza e dei trapianti d'Organo DETO, Sezione di Malattie dell'Apparato Cardiovascolare, University of Bari, Bari hDepartment of Scienze Cardiovascolari, Respiratorie, Geriatriche e Nefrologiche, University 'La Sapienza', Rome iAS Department of Cardiology, Brindisi District jDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia kDivision of Cardiology, Dipartimanto di Medicina Interna, Malattie Cardiovascolari e Nefrourologiche, University of Palermo, Palermo lDepartment of Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, University of Florence, Florence mDivision of Cardiology, ASL BR, Brindisi nUOD Telemedicina, Dipartimento Cardiovascolare, A.O.San Camillo-Forlanini, Roma oDivision of Cardiology, Department of Fisiopatologia Clinica - Sezione di Endocrinologia, University of Florence, Florence pDivision of Cardiology, AOU Sassari, Sassari qDepartment of Emergenza e dei trapianti d'Organo DETO, Sezione di Malattie dell'Apparato Cardiovascolare, University of Bari, Bari rDepartment of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples sDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicina Clinica e Molecolare, Facoltà di Medicina e Psicologia Università di Roma 'Sapienza' - Azienda Ospedaliera Sant'Andrea, and IRCCS Neuromed, Rome tDepartment Cardio Toracico e Vascolare, University of Pisa, Pisa uDepartment of Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Aitsi-Selmi A, Bell R, Shipley MJ, Marmot MG. Education modifies the association of wealth with obesity in women in middle-income but not low-income countries: an interaction study using seven national datasets, 2005-2010. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90403. [PMID: 24608086 PMCID: PMC3946446 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Education and wealth may have different associations with female obesity but this has not been investigated in detail outside high-income countries. This study examines the separate and inter-related associations of education and household wealth in relation to obesity in women in a representative sample of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). METHODS The seven largest national surveys were selected from a list of Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) ordered by decreasing sample size and resulted in a range of country income levels. These were nationally representative data of women aged 15-49 years collected in the period 2005-2010. The separate and joint effects, unadjusted and adjusted for age group, parity, and urban/rural residence using a multivariate logistic regression model are presented. RESULTS In the four middle-income countries (Colombia, Peru, Jordan, and Egypt), an interaction was found between education and wealth on obesity (P-value for interaction <0.001). Among women with no/primary education the wealth effect was positive whereas in the group with higher education it was either absent or inverted (negative). In the poorer countries (India, Nigeria, Benin), there was no evidence of an interaction. Instead, the associations between each of education and wealth with obesity were independent and positive. There was a statistically significant difference between the average interaction estimates for the low-income and middle-income countries (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that education may protect against the obesogenic effects of increased household wealth as countries develop. Further research could examine the factors explaining the country differences in education effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Aitsi-Selmi
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth Bell
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Martin J. Shipley
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael G. Marmot
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Shim U, Kim HN, Roh SJ, Cho NH, Shin C, Ryu S, Sung YA, Kim HL. Personality traits and body mass index in a Korean population. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90516. [PMID: 24598991 PMCID: PMC3944006 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Overweight and obesity is a serious problem worldwide related to cardiovascular and other diseases. Personality traits are associated with the abnormal body mass indices (BMIs) indicative of overweight and obesity. However, the links between personality traits and BMI have been little studied in Korea. Methods We evaluated the association between personality traits and BMI in men and women using the rural Ansung and urban Ansan cohort from the Korean Genome Epidemiology Study, and the Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Cohort Study datasets. A shorter version of the original Revised Neuroticism-Extroversion-Openness Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) was used to measure the five-factor model of personality (neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness). Results Data from a total of 1,495 men (mean age 60.0±9.8 years; mean BMI 24.3±3.0 kg/m2) and 2,547 women (mean age 47.0±15.5 years; mean BMI 22.8±3.4 kg/m2) were included in the analysis. Compared with the normal weight groups, overweight and obese men scored higher on openness to experience and lower on conscientiousness. Overweight and obese women scored lower on neuroticism and openness to experience and higher on agreeableness. Extraversion was positively associated with BMI in men (β = 0.032, P<0.05). BMI and waist circumference were significantly increased in individuals who were less dutiful. In women, neuroticism was inversely associated with BMI (β = −0.026, P<0.05). Openness to experience was negatively, and agreeableness was positively, associated with BMI (openness to experience: β = −0.072, agreeableness β = 0.068) and waist circumference (openness to experience: β = −0.202, agreeableness: β = 0.227) (P<0.05). Conclusion Personality traits were associated with underweight, overweight, and obesity in men and women. Increased understanding of the underlying factors contributing to this association will aid in the prevention and treatment of abnormal BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unjin Shim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Seonam Hospital, Ewha Womans University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han-Na Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Ewha Womans University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail: (HNK); (HLK)
| | - Seung-Ju Roh
- Department of Biochemistry, Ewha Womans University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam H. Cho
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Chol Shin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - Seungho Ryu
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon-Ah Sung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Lae Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Ewha Womans University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail: (HNK); (HLK)
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Chakraborty S. Analysis of NHANES 1999-2002 data reveals noteworthy association of alcohol consumption with obesity. Ann Gastroenterol 2014; 27:250-257. [PMID: 24974978 PMCID: PMC4073022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the obesity pandemic sweeping the globe and alcohol use on the rise worldwide, there is growing interest in how the two might be linked epidemiologically. The aim of the study was to use data from the NHANES registry from 1999-2002 to analyze the association between obesity and alcohol use. METHODS Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between alcohol use and obesity. Risk was assessed separately for men and women. RESULTS Of the 9,193 individuals (49% males), 26.8% of males and 33.6% of females were obese. About 17% of males and 12% of females were never drinkers (less than 12 drinks in their lifetime). After adjusting for age, race, marital status, highest level of education of the individual and spouse, country of origin, annual household income and duration of physical activity in the past 30 days, the odds of obesity were higher in never drinkers compared to ever drinkers in both men and women. Consumption of alcohol for more than 45 days, binge drinking (>5 drinks/day) for more than 90 days and being "ever binge drinker" were associated with significantly higher odds of obesity (in both genders) than those who drank for shorter duration or were "never binge drinkers". Consumption of alcohol more than the recommended limit for moderate drinking (3 drinks/day in females and 4 drinks/day in males) was associated with increased (OR 1.074, 95% CI 1.072-1.076) and decreased (OR 0.970, 95%CI 0.968-0.972) obesity in females and males respectively. CONCLUSION Frequent or heavy alcohol consumption is associated with greater odds of being obese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhankar Chakraborty
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA,
Correspondence to: Subhankar Chakraborty, MD, Ph.D., Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-2055, USA, Tel.: +19 7881 05992, e-mail:
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