Dembek CJ, Kutscher S, Allgayer S, Russo C, Bauer T, Hoffmann D, Goebel FD, Bogner JR, Erfle V, Protzer U, Cosma A. Longitudinal changes in HIV-1-specific T-cell quality associated with viral load dynamic.
J Clin Virol 2012;
55:114-20. [PMID:
22795599 DOI:
10.1016/j.jcv.2012.06.017]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2012] [Revised: 06/09/2012] [Accepted: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Several correlates of HIV control have been described; however their predictive values remain unclear, since most studies have been performed in cross-sectional settings.
OBJECTIVES
We evaluated the cause and consequence relationship between quality of HIV-specific T-cell response and viral load dynamic in a temporal perspective.
STUDY DESIGN
HIV-1-specific T-cell responses were monitored over 7 years in a patient that following treatment interruption maintained a stable/low viral set point for 3.1 years before control of viral replication was lost and antiretroviral therapy restarted.
RESULTS
We observed that high frequencies of HIV-1-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells were unable to prevent loss of viral control. Gradual loss of functionality was observed in these responses, characterized by early loss of IL-2, viral load-dependent decrease of IFN-γ and CD154 expression as well as increase of MIP-1β production. Terminally differentiated HIV-1-specific CD8 T cells expressing CD45RA were lost independently of viral load and preceded the loss-of-control phase of HIV infection.
CONCLUSION
By describing qualitative changes in HIV-1-specific T-cell responses that coincide with loss of viral control, we identified specific correlates of disease progression and putative markers of viral control. Our findings suggest including the markers IL-2, IFN-γ, MIP-1β, CD154 and CD45RA into monitoring of HIV-specific T-cell-responses to prospectively determine correlates of protection from disease-progression.
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