Prostate carcinoma metastatic to the skin as an extrammamary Paget's disease

Primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma with pagetoid spread arising in periapical odontogenic epithelium of the maxilla

To date, pagetoid spread-the proliferation of pagetoid cells in intraepidermal lesions, as observed in secondary extramammary Paget's disease-has not been reported in squamous epithelium derived from the extension of head and neck carcinomas. Herein, we report a case of pagetoid squamous cell proliferation associated with a primary intraosseous carcinoma (PIOC) arising in the periapical lesion of the maxilla, a finding not reported previously. A 60-year-old man presented with prostate adenocarcinoma and bilateral pubic bone, ilium bone, and sacral bone metastases. Radiological examination revealed a cyst that enveloped the apices of the left maxillary first molar roots. Histopathological examination of the cyst specimen indicated squamous cell carcinoma; hence, PIOC was suspected and partial left maxillectomy was performed. Histopathology results showed distant epitheliotrophic spread of atypical clear cells regarding the tumor. The epitheliotrophic cells were positive for cytokeratin (CK)19 and CK7 as odontogenic markers. These phenotypes were similar to those of tumor cells, suggesting pagetoid squamous cell proliferation associated with a PIOC arising. Although diagnosis of this condition is challenging, early detection is vital to ensure prompt treatment and improve patient prognosis.

A Case of Prostatic Signet-Ring Cell-like Carcinoma with Pagetoid Spread and Intraductal Carcinoma and Long-Term Survival: PD-L1 and Mismatch Repair System Proteins (MMR) Immunohistochemical Evaluation with Systematic Literature Review

Prostatic adenocarcinoma (PA) is the second most common malignancy in men globally. Signet-ring cell-like adenocarcinoma (SRCC) is a very rare PA subtype, with around 200 cases reported in the English literature. Histologically, the tumor cells show a vacuole compressing the nucleus to the periphery. Pagetoid spread in acini and ducts is usually related to metastases from urothelial or colorectal carcinomas, less commonly associated with intraductal carcinoma (IC); histologically, the tumor cells grow between the acinar secretory and basal cell layers. To our knowledge, we report the first prostatic SRCC (Gleason score 10, stage pT3b) associated with IC and pagetoid spread to prostatic acini and seminal vesicles. To our systematic literature review (PRISMA guidelines), it is the first tested case for both PD-L1 (<1% of positive tumor cells, clone 22C3) and mismatch repair system proteins (MMR) (MLH1+/MSH2+/PMS2+/MSH6+). We found no SRCC previously tested for MMR, while only four previous cases showed high expression of another PD-L1 clone (28-8). Finally, we discussed the differential diagnoses of prostatic SRCC.

Extramammary Paget Disease

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE

Extramammary Paget disease (EMPD) has seldom been studied in Mediterranean populations. We aimed to review the characteristics of our patients with EMPD, the presence of a neoplasm in continuity, and the long-term course of the disease.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Retrospective observational study of 27 patients diagnosed with EMPD between 1990 and 2015. All clinical and pathology findings related to clinical course and outcomes were retrieved for analysis.

RESULTS

Twenty patients were women and 7 were men. Ages ranged from 42 to 88 years (median, 76 years). Lesions were in the following locations: vulva (16 cases), pubis-groin (5), perianal region (4), and axilla (2). Time from onset to diagnosis ranged from 1 to 60 months (median, 12 months) and maximum lesion diameter from 20 to 140mm (median, 55mm). In 3 cases (11.1%) EMPD was a secondary condition. None of the lesions developed on a previous cutaneous adnexal adenocarcinoma. Ten of the 24 primary EMPDs (41.7%) invaded the dermis. Eight of the 27 patients (29.6%) experienced local recurrence after the initial surgical treatment.Three patients (11.1%) died as a consequence of metastasis from the EMPD.

CONCLUSIONS

The presence of an underlying cutaneous adnexal adenocarcinoma is uncommon, but it is not unusual to find an extracutaneous adenocarcinoma in continuity. Although EMPD is a slow-growing tumor, dermal invasion is frequent and metastasis is not uncommon. Local recurrence is common even after excision with wide margins and may be delated, so long term follow-up is essential.

Cutaneous metastasis of prostate carcinoma treated with radiotherapy: a case presentation

Background

Prostate cancer is a commonly diagnosed and treated malignancy, although it rarely presents with cutaneous metastases. In this case presentation, we describe the diagnosis and treatment with radiotherapy of a patient who presented with cutaneous metastases on his chest wall secondary to prostate cancer.

Case presentation

In 2006, a 73-year-old Caucasian gentleman with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer treated with mitoxantrone and prednisolone presented with cutaneous nodules on his chest wall. A punch biopsy diagnosed cutaneous metastases, with histological confirmation with positive staining for cytokeratin, PSA (prostate specific antigen) and PAP (prostatic acid phosphatise). Systemic treatment was ceased due to progressive disease; radiotherapy was used to treat these nodules with a durable clinical response. The patient died five months after initial diagnosis of cutaneous metastases.

Conclusions

In this report, a rare metastatic manifestation of a common malignancy is presented. Whilst dermal metastases carries a poor prognosis from reported literature, this is the first report of radiotherapy providing a durable clinical response with relief from bleeding and pain.