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Moreira WM, Moreira PVV, Dos Santos DF, Gimenes ML, Vieira MGA. Nanogreen is the new future: the conversion of lignin and lignocellulosic wastes into nanomaterials. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:19564-19591. [PMID: 36645595 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25150-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The lignocellulose biorefinery industry has assumed an important role within the current scenario. Lignin is an abundant and available biopolymer and one of the compounds present in the lignocellulosic waste. Therefore, processing lignin into new materials and nanomaterials, such as nanolignin, has attracted the attention of the scientific community. Lignin nanoparticles are materials that have excellent properties, such as biodegradability and non-toxicity, and have great potential as chelating agents, antimicrobials agents, UV protectors, nanofillers, adsorbents, catalysts, supercapacitors, emulsion stabilizers, delivered systems, drugs, and gene carriers. This review article covers the emergent scenario of nanolignin and the main aspects of scientific interest, such as the conversion and functionalization of lignin, the valorization of lignocellulose waste, and nanoparticle synthesis. A techno-economic evaluation of the biorefinery model of the nanolignin synthesis is presented based on the simulation of the process on the experimental and commercial databases available and reported by some authors. Finally, the techno-economic assessment is complemented by the life cycle assessment of various nanolignin synthesis pathways reported to evaluate the environmental implications and support this emergent technology development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wardleison Martins Moreira
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Albert Einstein Avenue, Campinas, São Paulo, 50013083-852, Brazil.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, PEQ, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, Maringá, Paraná, 579087020-900, Brazil.
| | - Paula Valéria Viotti Moreira
- Department of Chemical Engineering, PEQ, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, Maringá, Paraná, 579087020-900, Brazil
| | - Débora Federici Dos Santos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, PEQ, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, Maringá, Paraná, 579087020-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelino Luiz Gimenes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, PEQ, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, Maringá, Paraná, 579087020-900, Brazil
| | - Melissa Gurgel Adeodato Vieira
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Albert Einstein Avenue, Campinas, São Paulo, 50013083-852, Brazil
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2
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Second Generation Bioethanol Production from Soybean Hulls Pretreated with Imidazole as a New Solvent. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9020093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Soybean hulls (SH) are the main industrial waste from soybean processing, representing 5–8% of the whole grain. Imidazole was employed for the hydrothermal pretreatment of SH and further bioethanol production. Different pretreatment temperatures (120 and 180 °C) and times (1 and 3 h) were tested. Lignin removal and glucose yield were significantly influenced by temperature. After 48 h of enzymatic hydrolysis of imidazole-treated SH (120 °C, 1 h), 32.7 g/L of glucose and 9.4 g/L of xylose were obtained. A maximum bioethanol yield of 78.9% was reached after 12 h of fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae using SH enzymatic hydrolysate. Imidazole appears to be a potential alternative to pretreat lignocellulosic wastes such as SH for the production of second-generation biofuels and other biomolecules.
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Approbato AU, Contin DR, Dias de Oliveira EA, Habermann E, Cela J, Pintó-Marijuan M, Munné-Bosch S, Martinez CA. Adjustments in photosynthetic pigments, PS II photochemistry and photoprotection in a tropical C4 forage plant exposed to warming and elevated [CO 2]. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 194:345-360. [PMID: 36463636 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Global climate change will impact crops and grasslands, affecting growth and yield. However, is not clear how the combination of warming and increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations ([CO2]) will affect the photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry and the photosynthetic tissue photoinhibition and photoprotection on tropical forages. Here, we evaluated the effects of elevated [CO2] (∼600 μmol mol-1) and warming (+2 °C increase temperature) on the photochemistry of photosystem II and the photoprotection strategies of a tropical C4 forage Panicum maximum Jacq. grown in a Trop-T-FACE facility under well-watered conditions without nutrient limitation. Analysis of the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm), the effective PSII quantum yield Y(II), the quantum yield of regulated energy dissipation Y(NPQ), the quantum yield of non-regulated energy dissipation Y(NO), and the malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in leaves revealed that the photosynthetic apparatus of plants did not suffer photoinhibitory damage, and plants did not increase lipid peroxidation in response to warming and [CO2] enrichment. Plants under warming treatment showed a 12% higher chlorophyll contents and a 58% decrease in α-tocopherol contents. In contrast, carotenoid composition (zeaxanthin and β-carotene) and ascorbate levels were not altered by elevated [CO2] and warming. The elevated temperature increased both net photosynthesis rate and aboveground biomass but elevated [CO2] increased only net photosynthesis. Adjustments in chlorophyll, de-epoxidation state of the xanthophylls cycle, and tocopherol contents suggest leaves of P. maximum can acclimate to 2 °C warmer temperature and elevated [CO2] when plants are grown with enough water and nutrients during tropical autumn-winter season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Uehara Approbato
- Department of Biology, FFCLRP, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, CEP 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniele Ribeiro Contin
- Department of Biology, FFCLRP, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, CEP 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Habermann
- Department of Biology, FFCLRP, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, CEP 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jana Cela
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Pintó-Marijuan
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Munné-Bosch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Alberto Martinez
- Department of Biology, FFCLRP, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, CEP 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Nongthombam GD, Sarangi PK, Singh TA, Sharma CK, Talukdar NC. Bioethanol production from Ficus fruits ( Ficus cunia) by Fusarium oxysporum through consolidated bioprocessing system. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:178. [PMID: 35865259 PMCID: PMC9294110 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03234-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum is among the few filamentous fungi capable of fermenting ethanol directly from lignocellulose biomass (LCB). It has the essential enzymatic toolbox to disintegrate LCB to its monosaccharides, which subsequently fermented to ethanol under anaerobic and micro-aerobic conditions. However, the structural complexity of LCB and modest performances of wild fungi are major limitations for application in local biorefineries. This study assessed the potential of the locally isolated Fusarium oxysporum for the production of bioethanol from Ficus fruits (Ficus cunia) using Consolidated Bioprocessing (CBP). The maximum ethanol concentration achieved was at 5% substrate loadings with pH 6 irrespective of temperature variance, attaining a concentration of 3.54 g/L and 3.88 g/L at 28 °C and 32 °C, respectively. The monitoring of analytes (glucose, arabinose, cellobiose, xylose, acetic acid, ethanol, furfural, and HMF) in this study suggests the utilization of an array of sugars released from Ficus fruits, irrespective of the difference in the process parameters. This study also shows that CBP of freshly grounded Ficus fruits was feasible employing a mild hydrothermal pretreatment (autoclaved at 121 °C for 30 min in 1:10 w/v) and without supplementing any extraneous enzymes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03234-y.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chandradev K. Sharma
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development (IBSD), Takyelpat, Imphal, 795001 India
| | - Narayan C. Talukdar
- Faculty of Science, Assam Downtown University, Panikhaiti, Guwahati, 781006 India
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Optimization of Liquid Hot Water Pretreatment and Fermentation for Ethanol Production from Sugarcane Bagasse Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12050463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Sugarcane bagasse can be considered a potential raw material in terms of quantity and quality for the production of alternative biofuels. In this research, liquid hot water (LHW) was studied as a pretreatment process to enhance the digestibility of pretreated material for further conversion into bioethanol. Different variables (temperature, residual time, and acid concentration) were determined to predict the optimized condition. LHW pretreatment showed an impact on the hemicellulose structure. The optimized condition at 160 °C for 60 min with 0.050 M acid concentration reached the highest glucose yield of 96.86%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed conspicuous modification of the sugarcane bagasse structure. The effect of LHW pretreatment was also demonstrated by the changes in crystallinity and surface area analysis. FTIR techniques revealed the chemical structure changes of pretreated sugarcane bagasse. The prepared material was further converted into ethanol production with the maximized ethanol concentration of 19.9 g/L.
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Leipnitz M, Scholl N, Biselli A, Jupke A. Influences of the constraints of a separation task on the optimal selection of a cation exchanger resin. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Rodrigues RCLB, Green Rodrigues B, Vieira Canettieri E, Acosta Martinez E, Palladino F, Wisniewski A, Rodrigues D. Comprehensive approach of methods for microstructural analysis and analytical tools in lignocellulosic biomass assessment - A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 348:126627. [PMID: 34958907 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The trend in the modern world is to replace fossil fuels with green energy sources in order to reduce their environmental impact. The biorefinery industry, within this premise, needs to establish quantitative and qualitative analytical methods to better understand lignocellulosic biomass composition and structure. This paper presents chemical techniques (chromatography, thermal analysis, HRMS, FTIR, NIR, and NMR) and physicochemical techniques (XRD, optical and electron microscopy techniques - Confocal fluorescence, Raman, SPM, AFM, SEM, and TEM) for the microstructural characterization of lignocellulosic biomass and its derivatives. Each of these tools provides different and complementary information regarding molecular and microstructural composition of lignocellulosic biomass. Understanding these properties is essential for the design and operation of associated biomass conversion processing facilities. PAT, monitored in real-time, ensures an economical and balanced mass-energy process. This review aimed to help researchers select the most suitable analytical technique with which to investigate biomass feedstocks with recalcitrant natures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita C L B Rodrigues
- Departament of Biotechnology, Lorena Engineering School, University of São Paulo (USP),12600-970, Lorena, SP, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Green Rodrigues
- Departament of Biotechnology, Lorena Engineering School, University of São Paulo (USP),12600-970, Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Eliana Vieira Canettieri
- Chemistry and Energy Department, Guaratinguetá Engineering Faculty, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 12516-410, Guaratinguetá, SP, Brazil
| | - Ernesto Acosta Martinez
- Department of Technology, State University of Feira de Santana (UEFS), 44036-900 Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Palladino
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Alberto Wisniewski
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), 49100-000 São Cristovão, SE, Brazil
| | - Durval Rodrigues
- Department of Materials Engineering, Lorena Engineering School, University of São Paulo (USP), Lorena, SP, Brazil
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de Freitas EN, Salgado JCS, Alnoch RC, Contato AG, Habermann E, Michelin M, Martínez CA, Polizeli MDLTM. Challenges of Biomass Utilization for Bioenergy in a Climate Change Scenario. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:1277. [PMID: 34943192 PMCID: PMC8698859 DOI: 10.3390/biology10121277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The climate changes expected for the next decades will expose plants to increasing occurrences of combined abiotic stresses, including drought, higher temperatures, and elevated CO2 atmospheric concentrations. These abiotic stresses have significant consequences on photosynthesis and other plants' physiological processes and can lead to tolerance mechanisms that impact metabolism dynamics and limit plant productivity. Furthermore, due to the high carbohydrate content on the cell wall, plants represent a an essential source of lignocellulosic biomass for biofuels production. Thus, it is necessary to estimate their potential as feedstock for renewable energy production in future climate conditions since the synthesis of cell wall components seems to be affected by abiotic stresses. This review provides a brief overview of plant responses and the tolerance mechanisms applied in climate change scenarios that could impact its use as lignocellulosic biomass for bioenergy purposes. Important steps of biofuel production, which might influence the effects of climate change, besides biomass pretreatments and enzymatic biochemical conversions, are also discussed. We believe that this study may improve our understanding of the plant biological adaptations to combined abiotic stress and assist in the decision-making for selecting key agronomic crops that can be efficiently adapted to climate changes and applied in bioenergy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuelle Neiverth de Freitas
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (FMRP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; (E.N.d.F.); (A.G.C.)
| | - José Carlos Santos Salgado
- Department of Chemistry, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Robson Carlos Alnoch
- Department of Biology, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, São Paulo, Brazil; (R.C.A.); (E.H.); (C.A.M.)
| | - Alex Graça Contato
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (FMRP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; (E.N.d.F.); (A.G.C.)
| | - Eduardo Habermann
- Department of Biology, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, São Paulo, Brazil; (R.C.A.); (E.H.); (C.A.M.)
| | - Michele Michelin
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Gualtar Campus, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
| | - Carlos Alberto Martínez
- Department of Biology, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, São Paulo, Brazil; (R.C.A.); (E.H.); (C.A.M.)
| | - Maria de Lourdes T. M. Polizeli
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (FMRP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, São Paulo, Brazil; (E.N.d.F.); (A.G.C.)
- Department of Biology, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, São Paulo, Brazil; (R.C.A.); (E.H.); (C.A.M.)
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Palechor-Trochez JJ, Ramírez-Gonzales G, Villada-Castillo HS, Solanilla-Duque JF. A review of trends in the development of bionanocomposites from lignocellulosic and polyacids biomolecules as packing material making alternative: A bibliometric analysis. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 192:832-868. [PMID: 34634331 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Contamination caused by the accumulation of petrochemical-based plastics has reached worrying magnitudes and led to the development of biopolymers as an option to mitigate the problem. This work thus presents a bibliometric analysis of all that concerns the development of such bionanocomposite materials, using ScientoPy and SciMAT software to establish associations between the number of published documents, countries, institutions and most relevant topics. The bionanocomposites topic was found to throw up the biggest number of documents associated (2008) with the different types of raw materials and methods used to obtain nanoparticles and their combination with biopolymeric materials, the result known as a "bionancomposite*". Analysis of the documents related to the application for development of packaging materials from biological molecules, carbohydrate polymers, compounds, conjugates, gels, glucans, hydrogels, membranes, mucilage (source unspecified), mucoadhesives, paper, polymers, polysaccharide, saccharides etc, is also presented, emphasizing mechanical, thermal and barrier properties, which, due to the inclusion of nanoparticles mainly from natural sources of cellulose, show increases of up to 30%. The inclusion of nanoparticles, especially those derived from cellulose sources, generally seeks to increase the properties of bionanocomposite materials. Regarding an increase in mechanical properties, specifically tensile strength, inclusions at percentages not exceeding 10 wt% can register increases that exceed 30% were reported.
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Availability and Environmental Performance of Wood for a Second-Generation Biorefinery. FORESTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/f12111609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The current global climate change, the 2030 Agenda, and the planetary boundaries have driven new development strategies, such as the circular economy, bioeconomy, and biorefineries. In this framework, this study analyzes the potential availability and sustainability of the wood supply chain for a small-scale biorefinery aiming at producing 280–300 L of bioethanol per ton of dry biomass, consuming 30,000 t of dry biomass per year harvested in a 50 km radius. This wood production goal was assessed from Eucalyptus grandis stands planted for solid wood in northeastern Uruguay. Moreover, to understand the environmental performance of this biomass supply chain, the energy return on investment (EROI), carbon footprint (CF), and potential soil erosion were also assessed. The results showed that the potential wood production would supply an average of 81,800 t of dry mass per year, maintaining the soil erosion below the upper threshold recommended, an EROI of 2.3, and annual CF of 1.22 kg CO2−eq m−3 (2.6 g CO2−eq MJ−1). Combined with the environmental performance of the bioethanol biorefinery facility, these results would show acceptable values of sustainability according to EU Directive 2009/28/ec because the bioethanol CF becomes 1.7% of this petrol’s CF.
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de Freitas EN, Alnoch RC, Contato AG, Nogueira KMV, Crevelin EJ, de Moraes LAB, Silva RN, Martínez CA, Polizeli MDLTM. Enzymatic Pretreatment with Laccases from Lentinus sajor-caju Induces Structural Modification in Lignin and Enhances the Digestibility of Tropical Forage Grass ( Panicum maximum) Grown under Future Climate Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179445. [PMID: 34502353 PMCID: PMC8431176 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Since laccase acts specifically in lignin, the major contributor to biomass recalcitrance, this biocatalyst represents an important alternative to the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. Therefore, this study investigates the laccase pretreatment and climate change effects on the hydrolytic performance of Panicum maximum. Through a Trop-T-FACE system, P. maximum grew under current (Control (C)) and future climate conditions: elevated temperature (2 °C more than the ambient canopy temperature) combined with elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration(600 μmol mol−1), name as eT+eC. Pretreatment using a laccase-rich crude extract from Lentinus sajor caju was optimized through statistical strategies, resulting in an increase in the sugar yield of P. maximum biomass (up to 57%) comparing to non-treated biomass and enabling hydrolysis at higher solid loading, achieving up to 26 g L−1. These increments are related to lignin removal (up to 46%) and lignin hydrophilization catalyzed by laccase. Results from SEM, CLSM, FTIR, and GC-MS supported the laccase-catalyzed lignin removal. Moreover, laccase mitigates climate effects, and no significant differences in hydrolytic potential were found between C and eT+eC groups. This study shows that crude laccase pretreatment is a potential and sustainable method for biorefinery solutions and helped establish P. maximum as a promising energy crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuelle Neiverth de Freitas
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil; (E.N.d.F.); (A.G.C.); (K.M.V.N.); (R.N.S.)
| | - Robson Carlos Alnoch
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14050-901, Brazil; (R.C.A.); (C.A.M.)
| | - Alex Graça Contato
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil; (E.N.d.F.); (A.G.C.); (K.M.V.N.); (R.N.S.)
| | - Karoline Maria V. Nogueira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil; (E.N.d.F.); (A.G.C.); (K.M.V.N.); (R.N.S.)
| | - Eduardo José Crevelin
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14050-901, Brazil; (E.J.C.); (L.A.B.d.M.)
| | - Luiz Alberto Beraldo de Moraes
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14050-901, Brazil; (E.J.C.); (L.A.B.d.M.)
| | - Roberto Nascimento Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil; (E.N.d.F.); (A.G.C.); (K.M.V.N.); (R.N.S.)
| | - Carlos Alberto Martínez
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14050-901, Brazil; (R.C.A.); (C.A.M.)
| | - Maria de Lourdes T. M. Polizeli
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil; (E.N.d.F.); (A.G.C.); (K.M.V.N.); (R.N.S.)
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14050-901, Brazil; (R.C.A.); (C.A.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Davis D, Simister R, Campbell S, Marston M, Bose S, McQueen-Mason SJ, Gomez LD, Gallimore WA, Tonon T. Biomass composition of the golden tide pelagic seaweeds Sargassum fluitans and S. natans (morphotypes I and VIII) to inform valorisation pathways. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 762:143134. [PMID: 33148447 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Massive strandings of the pelagic brown algae Sargassum have occurred in the Caribbean, and to a lesser extent, in western Africa, almost every year since 2011. These events have major environmental, health, and economic impacts in the affected countries. Once on the shore, Sargassum is mechanically harvested and disposed of in landfills. Existing commercial applications of other brown algae indicate that the pelagic Sargassum could constitute a valuable feedstock for potential valorisation. However, limited data on the composition of this Sargassum biomass was available to inform on possible application through pyrolysis or enzymatic fractionation of this feedstock. To fill this gap, we conducted a detailed comparative biochemical and elemental analysis of three pelagic Sargassum morphotypes identified so far as forming Atlantic blooms: Sargassum natans I (SnI), S. fluitans III (Sf), and S. natans VIII (SnVIII). Our results showed that SnVIII accumulated a lower quantity of metals and metalloids compared to SnI and Sf, but it contained higher amounts of phenolics and non-cellulosic polysaccharides. SnVIII also had more of the carbon storage compound mannitol. No differences in the content and composition of the cell wall polysaccharide alginate were identified among the three morphotypes. In addition, enzymatic saccharification of SnI produced more sugars compared to SnVIII and Sf. Due to high content of arsenic, the use of pelagic Sargassum is not recommended for nutritional purposes. In addition, low yields of alginate extracted from this biomass, compared with brown algae used for industrial production, limit its use as viable source of commercial alginates. Further work is needed to establish routes for future valorisation of pelagic Sargassum biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doleasha Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica; Department of Biology, Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Rachael Simister
- Department of Biology, Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Sanjay Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica; Department of Biology, Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Melissa Marston
- Department of Chemistry, University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Suranjana Bose
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Simon J McQueen-Mason
- Department of Biology, Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Leonardo D Gomez
- Department of Biology, Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Winklet A Gallimore
- Department of Chemistry, University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Thierry Tonon
- Department of Biology, Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.
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13
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de Moura Lima E, Vargas JAC, Gomes DI, Maciel RP, Alves KS, Oliveira WF, Aguiar GL, de Carvalho Reis G, Oliveira LRS, Mezzomo R. Intake, digestibility, and milk yield response in dairy buffaloes fed Panicum maximum cv. Mombasa supplemented with seeds of tropical açai palm. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:178. [PMID: 33619603 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02626-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The use of alternative tropical feeds, such as açai seeds, under tropical pasture production systems, may help to optimize buffalo milk production mainly in the Amazon region, which has the largest worldwide açai production. This study evaluated the effects of dietary inclusion of açai palm seeds in the supplement on nutrient utilization and milk yield response of lactating buffaloes grazing Panicum maximum cv. Mombasa. The treatments comprised four levels of açai palm seeds (0, 198.4, 396.8, and 595.2 g/kg of dry matter) and a treatment without concentrate supplementation (WCS). Five half-breed Murrah female buffaloes with average body weight ± (SEM) of 577 ± (20.4) kg were used in a 5 × 5 Latin square design. There was no effect of the inclusion of açai palm seeds on the total dry matter and nutrient intakes (P>0.05). The digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, and total digestible nutrients showed a linear decreasing pattern (P<0.05), whereas the digestibility of crude protein demonstrated a quadratic pattern, as açai palm seed inclusion level increased (P<0.05). Milk production demonstrated a quadratic pattern as açai palm seed inclusion increased (P<0.05). There was no effect of açai palm seed inclusion on milk composition (P>0.05), except for fat (%), protein (%), and the concentration of total dry extract (P<0.05). There was no difference in nutrient intake and digestibility and milk performance, between supplemented and WCS animals (P>0.05). In conclusion, the inclusion of açai palm seeds at 198.4 g/kg DM in the supplement of grazing buffaloes improves the digestibility of crude protein and milk production, without detrimental effects on nutrient intake. Also, açai palm seeds may be a potential replacer of Panicum maximum cv. Mombasa under tropical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizanne de Moura Lima
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Produção Animal na Amazônia, UFRA-Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, PA, 66077-830, Brazil
| | - Julián Andrés Castillo Vargas
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Produção Animal na Amazônia, UFRA-Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Parauapebas, PA, 68515-000, Brazil
| | - Daiany Iris Gomes
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Produção Animal na Amazônia, UFRA-Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, PA, 66077-830, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Produção Animal na Amazônia, UFRA-Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Parauapebas, PA, 68515-000, Brazil
| | - Raylon Pereira Maciel
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Produção Animal na Amazônia, UFRA-Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Parauapebas, PA, 68515-000, Brazil
| | - Kaliandra Souza Alves
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Produção Animal na Amazônia, UFRA-Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, PA, 66077-830, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Produção Animal na Amazônia, UFRA-Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Parauapebas, PA, 68515-000, Brazil
| | - Wildiney Freire Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Produção Animal na Amazônia, UFRA-Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, PA, 66077-830, Brazil
| | - Gleidson Luz Aguiar
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Produção Animal na Amazônia, UFRA-Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, PA, 66077-830, Brazil
| | - Grazielle de Carvalho Reis
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Produção Animal na Amazônia, UFRA-Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Parauapebas, PA, 68515-000, Brazil
| | - Luis Rennan Sampaio Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Produção Animal na Amazônia, UFRA-Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Parauapebas, PA, 68515-000, Brazil
| | - Rafael Mezzomo
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Produção Animal na Amazônia, UFRA-Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, PA, 66077-830, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Produção Animal na Amazônia, UFRA-Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Parauapebas, PA, 68515-000, Brazil.
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14
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Mota TR, Oliveira DM, Simister R, Whitehead C, Lanot A, Dos Santos WD, Rezende CA, McQueen-Mason SJ, Gomez LD. Design of experiments driven optimization of alkaline pretreatment and saccharification for sugarcane bagasse. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 321:124499. [PMID: 33310387 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To maximize the sugar release from sugarcane bagasse, a high-resolution Fractional Factorial Design (FFD) was combined with a Central Composite Orthogonal (CCO) design to simultaneously evaluate a wide range of variables for alkaline pretreatment (NaOH: 0.1-1 mol/L, temperature: 100-220 °C, and time: 20-80 min) and enzymatic saccharification (enzyme loading: 2.5-17.5%, and reaction volume: 550-850 µL). A total of 46 experimental conditions were evaluated and the maximum sugar yield (423 mg/g) was obtained after 18 h enzymatic hydrolysis under optimized conditions (0.25 mol/L NaOH at 202 °C for 40 min, with 12.5% of enzyme loading). Biomass compositional analyses showed that the pretreatments strongly removed lignin (up to 70%), silica (up to 80%) and promoted cellulose enrichment (25-110%). This robust design of experiments resulted in maximizing enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency of sugarcane bagasse and further indicated that this combined approach is versatile for other lignocellulosic biomasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thatiane R Mota
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, UEM, Maringá, Paraná, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Dyoni M Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, UEM, Maringá, Paraná, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Rachael Simister
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, CNAP, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Caragh Whitehead
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, CNAP, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra Lanot
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, CNAP, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Wanderley D Dos Santos
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, UEM, Maringá, Paraná, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Camila A Rezende
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo 13083‑970, Brazil
| | - Simon J McQueen-Mason
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, CNAP, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.
| | - Leonardo D Gomez
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, CNAP, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.
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15
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Harripersadth C, Musonge P, Makarfi Isa Y, Morales MG, Sayago A. The application of eggshells and sugarcane bagasse as potential biomaterials in the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sajce.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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16
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Leipnitz M, Biselli A, Merfeld M, Scholl N, Jupke A. Model-based selection of the degree of cross-linking of cation exchanger resins for an optimised separation of monosaccharides. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1610:460565. [PMID: 31615624 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
One of the main steps in designing preparative chromatographic separation units is the selection of a well-performing adsorbent. This is often based on expert knowledge or based on case studies of preselected adsorbents. Therefore, the selection is usually limited in terms of an optimised choice. In this contribution, a model-based optimisation of the selection of an adsorbent on the basis of correlations between structural adsorbent properties with model parameters of a transport dispersive model is proposed. Model parameters of glucose and xylose for five cation exchanger resins with varying degree of cross-linking are experimentally determined in a sequential approach. Void fractions and particle porosities were determined by pulse experiments with different tracers. Single-component isotherms were determined threefold via breakthrough curves with concentrations of up to 250 g l-1 at 60 °C. Mass transfer coefficients were determined by batch experiments. Correlations between the degree of cross-linking of the resins and the Henry coefficients as well as the mass transfer coefficients were derived and applied in an optimisation case study. Based on the derived mathematical formula, the process performance of experimentally not investigated resins were predicted. Further, the selection of a resin for a preparative monosaccharide separation was included into optimisation algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Leipnitz
- Fluid Process Engineering, AVT - Aachener Verfahrenstechnik, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 51, Aachen D-52074, Germany; Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich D-52425, Germany.
| | - Andreas Biselli
- Fluid Process Engineering, AVT - Aachener Verfahrenstechnik, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 51, Aachen D-52074, Germany; Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich D-52425, Germany
| | - Marcel Merfeld
- Fluid Process Engineering, AVT - Aachener Verfahrenstechnik, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 51, Aachen D-52074, Germany
| | - Niklas Scholl
- Fluid Process Engineering, AVT - Aachener Verfahrenstechnik, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 51, Aachen D-52074, Germany
| | - Andreas Jupke
- Fluid Process Engineering, AVT - Aachener Verfahrenstechnik, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 51, Aachen D-52074, Germany; Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich D-52425, Germany
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17
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Bevilaqua JM, Finger-Teixeira A, Marchiosi R, Oliveira DMD, Joia BM, Ferro AP, Parizotto ÂV, Dos Santos WD, Ferrarese-Filho O. Exogenous application of rosmarinic acid improves saccharification without affecting growth and lignification of maize. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 142:275-282. [PMID: 31330394 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biomimetically incorporated into the lignin structure, rosmarinic acid improves in vitro maize cell wall saccharification; however, no in planta studies have been performed. We hypothesized that rosmarinic acid, itself, could inducer saccharification without disturbing plant growth. Its effects on growth, enzymes of the phenylpropanoid pathway, lignin, monomeric composition, and saccharification of maize were evaluated. In a short-term (24 h) exposure, rosmarinic acid caused deleterious effects on maize roots, inhibiting the first enzymes of the phenylpropanoid pathway, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and tyrosine ammonia-lyase, altering lignin composition and slightly increasing saccharification. In a long-term (14 d) exposure, rosmarinic acid increased saccharification of maize stems by about 50% without any deleterious effects on plant growth, the phenylpropanoid pathway and lignin formation. This demonstrated that exogenous application of rosmarinic acid on maize plants improved saccharification, and represented an interesting approach in facilitating enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass polysaccharides and increasing bioethanol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Munik Bevilaqua
- Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, University of Maringá, 87020-900, PR, Brazil
| | - Aline Finger-Teixeira
- Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, University of Maringá, 87020-900, PR, Brazil
| | - Rogério Marchiosi
- Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, University of Maringá, 87020-900, PR, Brazil
| | - Dyoni Matias de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, University of Maringá, 87020-900, PR, Brazil
| | - Breno Miguel Joia
- Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, University of Maringá, 87020-900, PR, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Ferro
- Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, University of Maringá, 87020-900, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Osvaldo Ferrarese-Filho
- Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, University of Maringá, 87020-900, PR, Brazil.
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18
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Toscan A, Fontana RC, Andreaus J, Camassola M, Lukasik RM, Dillon AJP. New two-stage pretreatment for the fractionation of lignocellulosic components using hydrothermal pretreatment followed by imidazole delignification: Focus on the polysaccharide valorization. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 285:121346. [PMID: 31004946 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The combination of hydrothermal pretreatment followed by delignification with imidazole was evaluated for the first time as a potential selective two-stage fractionation for elephant grass, aiming at obtaining pure fractions susceptible to conversion to high value-added products. In addition, the recovery of cellulose and hemicelluloses and enzymatic hydrolysis yield of pretreated elephant grass were evaluated. Hydrothermal pretreatment at 180 °C under non-isothermal conditions allowed obtaining a liquor rich mainly in xylo- and glucooligosaccharides, as well as pentoses. Subsequent treatment of the recovered solid fraction with imidazole at 140 °C for 182.5 min resulted in 83.8 wt% delignification and cellulose enrichment of 97.7 wt%. The solids obtained from the two-stage pretreatment process also permitted high glucan to glucose conversion through enzymatic hydrolysis using Cellic CTec2 (99.0 mol%) or an enzymatic complex of Penicillium echinulatum (96.3 mol%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréia Toscan
- Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Laboratório de Enzimas e Biomassa, 95070-560 Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil.
| | - Roselei Claudete Fontana
- Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Laboratório de Enzimas e Biomassa, 95070-560 Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Jürgen Andreaus
- Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Departamento de Química, 89012-900 Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Marli Camassola
- Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Laboratório de Enzimas e Biomassa, 95070-560 Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafal Marcin Lukasik
- Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, I.P., Unidade de Bioenergia, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Aldo José Pinheiro Dillon
- Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Laboratório de Enzimas e Biomassa, 95070-560 Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
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Muktar MS, Teshome A, Hanson J, Negawo AT, Habte E, Domelevo Entfellner JB, Lee KW, Jones CS. Genotyping by sequencing provides new insights into the diversity of Napier grass (Cenchrus purpureus) and reveals variation in genome-wide LD patterns between collections. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6936. [PMID: 31061417 PMCID: PMC6502793 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43406-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Napier grass is an important tropical forage-grass and of growing potential as an energy crop. One-hundred-five Napier grass accessions, encompassing two independent collections, were subjected to genotyping by sequencing which generated a set of high-density genome-wide markers together with short sequence reads. The reads, averaging 54 nucleotides, were mapped to the pearl millet genome and the closest genes and annotation information were used to select candidate genes linked to key forage traits. 980 highly polymorphic SNP markers, distributed across the genome, were used to assess population structure and diversity with seven-subgroups identified. A few representative accessions were selected with the objective of distributing subsets of a manageable size for further evaluation. Genome-wide linkage disequilibrium (LD) analyses revealed a fast LD-decay, on average 2.54 kbp, in the combined population with a slower LD-decay in the ILRI collection compared with the EMBRAPA collection, the significance of which is discussed. This initiative generated high-density markers with a good distribution across the genome. The diversity analysis revealed the existence of a substantial amount of variation in the ILRI collection and identified some unique materials from the EMBRAPA collection, demonstrating the potential of the overall population for further genetic and marker-trait-association studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meki S Muktar
- Feed and Forage Development, International Livestock Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Abel Teshome
- Teagasc
- CELUP Crop Research, Oak Park, Carlow, R93 XE12, Ireland
| | - Jean Hanson
- Feed and Forage Development, International Livestock Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Alemayehu T Negawo
- Feed and Forage Development, International Livestock Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Ermias Habte
- Feed and Forage Development, International Livestock Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Ki-Won Lee
- Grassland and Forages Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, 31000, Republic of Korea
| | - Chris S Jones
- Feed and Forage Development, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.
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20
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Short Rotation Wood Crops in Latin American: A Review on Status and Potential Uses as Biofuel. ENERGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/en12040705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Studies related to biomass production, with a focus on energy uses for short-rotation woody crops (SRWCs), are limited in Latin America. The research that is available relates to a variety of tested SRWC species (50 species), however, the most important species are Populus, Salix, Eucalyptus, Acacia, and Gmelina arborea. In the existing studies, stocking densities varied from 1111 to 20,000 trees per hectare, with square or rectangular spacing. One important advantage of SRWC systems in this region, compared to most regions worldwide, is the predictability of biomass yields due to the tropical climate conditions of the majority of the Latin American countries. Rotations of three and four years can be projected to produce total biomass yields of 30–50 tons/ha, with increments of 10–20 tons/ha/yr. Fertilization is performed in SRWC with the aim of preventing soil degradation and maintaining further production. In regards to possible uses of biofuel generated from SRWC in Latin America, an inconvenience is that there are neither well-established harvesting systems nor conventional pre-treatments to process the biomass. Processes that are available in the region that use biomass from SRWC for energy production are gasification and pellet production. Other potential biofuel processes, such as torrefaction and biochemical conversion, are limited in this area.
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21
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1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase producing beneficial rhizobacteria ameliorate the biomass characters of Panicum maximum Jacq. by mitigating drought and salt stress. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17513. [PMID: 30504790 PMCID: PMC6269535 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35565-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) is a precursor molecule of ethylene whose concentration is elevated in the plant subjected to biotic and abiotic stress. Several soil microorganisms are reported to produce ACC deaminase (ACCd) which degrades ACC thereby reducing stress ethylene in host plants. This study is aimed to apply ACCd producing beneficial rhizobacteria to improve biochemical parameters and cell wall properties of Panicum maximum exposed to salt and drought stress, focusing on bioethanol production. Thirty-seven ACCd producing bacteria isolated from rhizospheric soil of field grown P. maximum and 13 were shortlisted based on their beneficial traits (root colonization, production of indole acetic acid, siderophore, hydrogen cyanide, phosphate solubilization, biofilm formation, tolerance to salt and Polyethylene glycol) and a total score obtained. All shortlisted bacteria were found significant in enhancing the plant growth, water conservation, membrane stability, biocompatible solutes and protein, phenolic contents and photosynthetic pigments in plants grown under stress conditions. Cell wall composition (Cellulose, Hemicellulose and Lignin) of the treated plants grown under stress conditions recorded a significant improvement over their respective controls and found equivalent to the plants grown under normal circumstances. Biomass from bacterial treatment recorded higher total reducing sugars upon pre-treatment and hydrolysis, and theoretical bioethanol yield.
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22
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Rezende CA, Atta BW, Breitkreitz MC, Simister R, Gomez LD, McQueen-Mason SJ. Optimization of biomass pretreatments using fractional factorial experimental design. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:206. [PMID: 30061928 PMCID: PMC6058377 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1200-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pretreatments are one of the main bottlenecks for the lignocellulose conversion process and the search for cheaper and effective pretreatment methodologies for each biomass is a complex but fundamental task. Here, we used a 2ν5-1 fractional factorial design (FFD) to optimize five pretreatment variables: milling time, temperature, double treatment, chemical concentration, and pretreatment time in acid-alkali (EA) and acid-organosolv (EO) pretreatments, applied to elephant grass leaves. RESULTS FFD allowed optimization of the pretreatment conditions using a reduced number of experiments and allowed the identification of secondary interactions between the factors. FFD showed that the temperature can be kept at its lower level and that the first acid step can be eliminated in both pretreatments, without significant losses to enzymatic hydrolysis. EA resulted in the highest release of reducing sugars (maximum of 205 mg/g substrate in comparison to 152 mg/g in EO and 40 mg/g in the untreated sample), using the following conditions in the alkali step: [NaOH] = 4.5% w/v; 85 °C and 100 min after ball milling the sample. The factors statistically significant (P < 0.05) in EA pretreatment were NaOH concentration, which contributes to improved hydrolysis by lignin and silica removal, and the milling time, which has a mechanical effect. For EO samples, the statistically significant factors to improved hydrolysis were ethanol and catalyst concentrations, which are both correlated to higher cellulose amounts in the pretreated substrates. The catalyst is also correlated to lignin removal. The detailed characterization of the main hemicellulosic sugars in the solids after pretreatments revealed their distinct recalcitrance: glucose was typically more recalcitrant than xylose and arabinose, which could be almost completely removed under specific pretreatments. In EA samples, the removal of hemicellulose derivatives was very dependent on the acid step, especially arabinose removal. CONCLUSION The results presented herewith contribute to the development of more efficient and viable pretreatments to produce cellulosic ethanol from grass biomasses, saving time, costs and energy. They also facilitate the design of enzymatic cocktails and a more appropriate use of the sugars contained in the pretreatment liquors, by establishing the key recalcitrant polymers in the solids resulting from each processing step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila A. Rezende
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, Campinas, SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Beatriz W. Atta
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, Campinas, SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Marcia C. Breitkreitz
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, Campinas, SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Rachael Simister
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products-CNAP, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5YW UK
| | - Leonardo D. Gomez
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products-CNAP, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5YW UK
| | - Simon J. McQueen-Mason
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products-CNAP, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5YW UK
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23
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Ceccato-Antonini SR. Conventional and nonconventional strategies for controlling bacterial contamination in fuel ethanol fermentations. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 34:80. [PMID: 29802468 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-018-2463-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ethanol bio-production in Brazil has some unique characteristics that inevitably lead to bacterial contamination, which results in the production of organic acids and biofilms and flocculation that impair the fermentation yield by affecting yeast viability and diverting sugars to metabolites other than ethanol. The ethanol-producing units commonly give an acid treatment to the cells after each fermentative cycle to decrease the bacterial number, which is not always effective. An alternative strategy must be employed to avoid bacterial multiplication but must be compatible with economic, health and environmental aspects. This review analyzes the issue of bacterial contamination in sugarcane-based fuel ethanol fermentation, and the potential strategies that may be utilized to control bacterial growth besides acid treatment and antibiotics. We have emphasized the efficiency and suitability of chemical products other than acids and those derived from natural sources in industrial conditions. In addition, we have also presented bacteriocins, bacteriophages, and beneficial bacteria as non-conventional antimicrobial agents to mitigate bacterial contamination in the bioethanol industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Regina Ceccato-Antonini
- Laboratory of Molecular and Agricultural Microbiology, Department Tecnologia Agroindustrial e Sócio-Economia Rural, Centro de Ciencias Agrárias, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Via Anhanguera km 174, Araras, SP, 13600-970, Brazil.
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24
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Abstract
Rapid depletion of fossil fuels worldwide presents a dire situation demanding a potential replacement to surmount the current energy crisis. Lignocellulose presents a logical candidate to be exploited at industrial scale owing to its vast availability, inexpensive and renewable nature. Microbial degradation of lignocellulosic biomass is a lucrative, sustainable, and promising approach to obtain valuable commercial commodities at gigantic scale. The enzymatic hydrolysis involving cellulases is fundamental to all the technologies needed to transform lignocellulosic biomass to valuable industry relevant products. Cellulases have enormous potential to utilize cellulosic biomass, thus reducing environmental stress in addition to production of commodity chemicals resolving the current challenge to meet the energy needs globally. The substitution of petroleum-based fuels with bio-based fuels is the subject of thorough research establishing biofuel production as the future technology to achieve a sustainable, eco-friendly society with a zero waste approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amita Sharma
- Shaheed Udham Singh College of Research and Technology, Mohali, India
| | - Raman Soni
- Department of Biotechnology, D.A.V. College, Chandigarh, India
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Nascimento SA, Rezende CA. Combined approaches to obtain cellulose nanocrystals, nanofibrils and fermentable sugars from elephant grass. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 180:38-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.09.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Characterization of a thermophilic cellulase from Geobacillus sp. HTA426, an efficient cellulase-producer on alkali pretreated of lignocellulosic biomass. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175004. [PMID: 28406925 PMCID: PMC5390992 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A themophilic cellulase-producing bacterium was isolated from a hot spring district and identified as Geobacillus sp. HTA426. The cellulase enzyme produced by the Geobacillus sp. HTA426 was purified through ammonium sulfate precipitation and ion exchange chromatography, with the recovery yield and fold purification of 10.14% and 5.12, respectively. The purified cellulase has a molecular weight of 40 kDa. The optimum temperature and pH for carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) activity of the purified cellulase were 60°C and pH 7.0, respectively. The enzyme was also stable over a wide temperature range of 50°C to 70°C after 5 h of incubation. Moreover, the strain HTA426 was able to grow and produce cellulase on alkali-treated sugarcane bagasse, rice straw and water hyacinth as carbon sources. Enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse, which was regarded as the most effective carbon source for cellulase production (CMCase activity = 103.67 U/mL), followed by rice straw (74.70 U/mL) and water hyacinth (51.10 U/mL). This strain producing an efficient thermostable cellulose is a potential candidate for developing a more efficient and cost-effective process for converting lignocellulosic biomass into biofuel and other industrial process.
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27
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Opportunities for Napier Grass (Pennisetum purpureum) Improvement Using Molecular Genetics. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy7020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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28
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Motwalli O, Essack M, Jankovic BR, Ji B, Liu X, Ansari HR, Hoehndorf R, Gao X, Arold ST, Mineta K, Archer JAC, Gojobori T, Mijakovic I, Bajic VB. In silico screening for candidate chassis strains of free fatty acid-producing cyanobacteria. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:33. [PMID: 28056772 PMCID: PMC5217662 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-3389-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Finding a source from which high-energy-density biofuels can be derived at an industrial scale has become an urgent challenge for renewable energy production. Some microorganisms can produce free fatty acids (FFA) as precursors towards such high-energy-density biofuels. In particular, photosynthetic cyanobacteria are capable of directly converting carbon dioxide into FFA. However, current engineered strains need several rounds of engineering to reach the level of production of FFA to be commercially viable; thus new chassis strains that require less engineering are needed. Although more than 120 cyanobacterial genomes are sequenced, the natural potential of these strains for FFA production and excretion has not been systematically estimated. RESULTS Here we present the FFA SC (FFASC), an in silico screening method that evaluates the potential for FFA production and excretion of cyanobacterial strains based on their proteomes. A literature search allowed for the compilation of 64 proteins, most of which influence FFA production and a few of which affect FFA excretion. The proteins are classified into 49 orthologous groups (OGs) that helped create rules used in the scoring/ranking of algorithms developed to estimate the potential for FFA production and excretion of an organism. Among 125 cyanobacterial strains, FFASC identified 20 candidate chassis strains that rank in their FFA producing and excreting potential above the specifically engineered reference strain, Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002. We further show that the top ranked cyanobacterial strains are unicellular and primarily include Prochlorococcus (order Prochlorales) and marine Synechococcus (order Chroococcales) that cluster phylogenetically. Moreover, two principal categories of enzymes were shown to influence FFA production the most: those ensuring precursor availability for the biosynthesis of lipids, and those involved in handling the oxidative stress associated to FFA synthesis. CONCLUSION To our knowledge FFASC is the first in silico method to screen cyanobacteria proteomes for their potential to produce and excrete FFA, as well as the first attempt to parameterize the criteria derived from genetic characteristics that are favorable/non-favorable for this purpose. Thus, FFASC helps focus experimental evaluation only on the most promising cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaa Motwalli
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Magbubah Essack
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Boris R. Jankovic
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Boyang Ji
- Division of Systems & Synthetic Biology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Xinyao Liu
- SABIC Corporate Research and Development (CRD), Thuwal, 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hifzur Rahman Ansari
- Pathogen Genomics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Robert Hoehndorf
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Xin Gao
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Stefan T. Arold
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Katsuhiko Mineta
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - John A. C. Archer
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Takashi Gojobori
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ivan Mijakovic
- Division of Systems & Synthetic Biology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Vladimir B. Bajic
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Mello BL, Alessi AM, Riaño-Pachón DM, deAzevedo ER, Guimarães FEG, Espirito Santo MC, McQueen-Mason S, Bruce NC, Polikarpov I. Targeted metatranscriptomics of compost-derived consortia reveals a GH11 exerting an unusual exo-1,4-β-xylanase activity. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2017; 10:254. [PMID: 29118851 PMCID: PMC5667448 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0944-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using globally abundant crop residues as a carbon source for energy generation and renewable chemicals production stand out as a promising solution to reduce current dependency on fossil fuels. In nature, such as in compost habitats, microbial communities efficiently degrade the available plant biomass using a diverse set of synergistic enzymes. However, deconstruction of lignocellulose remains a challenge for industry due to recalcitrant nature of the substrate and the inefficiency of the enzyme systems available, making the economic production of lignocellulosic biofuels difficult. Metatranscriptomic studies of microbial communities can unveil the metabolic functions employed by lignocellulolytic consortia and identify novel biocatalysts that could improve industrial lignocellulose conversion. RESULTS In this study, a microbial community from compost was grown in minimal medium with sugarcane bagasse sugarcane bagasse as the sole carbon source. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance was used to monitor lignocellulose degradation; analysis of metatranscriptomic data led to the selection and functional characterization of several target genes, revealing the first glycoside hydrolase from Carbohydrate Active Enzyme family 11 with exo-1,4-β-xylanase activity. The xylanase crystal structure was resolved at 1.76 Å revealing the structural basis of exo-xylanase activity. Supplementation of a commercial cellulolytic enzyme cocktail with the xylanase showed improvement in Avicel hydrolysis in the presence of inhibitory xylooligomers. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that composting microbiomes continue to be an excellent source of biotechnologically important enzymes by unveiling the diversity of enzymes involved in in situ lignocellulose degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno L. Mello
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-carlense 400, São Carlos, SP 13560-970 Brazil
| | - Anna M. Alessi
- Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Diego M. Riaño-Pachón
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scalfaro 10000, Campinas, SP 13083-100 Brazil
- Laboratório de Biologia de Sistemas Regulatórios, Departamento de Química, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo, SP 05508-000 Brazil
| | - Eduardo R. deAzevedo
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-carlense 400, São Carlos, SP 13560-970 Brazil
| | - Francisco E. G. Guimarães
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-carlense 400, São Carlos, SP 13560-970 Brazil
| | - Melissa C. Espirito Santo
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-carlense 400, São Carlos, SP 13560-970 Brazil
| | | | - Neil C. Bruce
- Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Igor Polikarpov
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-carlense 400, São Carlos, SP 13560-970 Brazil
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Ben Guerrero E, Soria M, Salvador R, Ceja-Navarro JA, Campos E, Brodie EL, Talia P. Effect of Different Lignocellulosic Diets on Bacterial Microbiota and Hydrolytic Enzyme Activities in the Gut of the Cotton Boll Weevil ( Anthonomus grandis). Front Microbiol 2016; 7:2093. [PMID: 28082962 PMCID: PMC5186755 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.02093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cotton boll weevils, Anthonomus grandis, are omnivorous coleopteran that can feed on diets with different compositions, including recalcitrant lignocellulosic materials. We characterized the changes in the prokaryotic community structure and the hydrolytic activities of A. grandis larvae fed on different lignocellulosic diets. A. grandis larvae were fed on three different artificial diets: cottonseed meal (CM), Napier grass (NG) and corn stover (CS). Total DNA was extracted from the gut samples for amplification and sequencing of the V3-V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene. Proteobacteria and Firmicutes dominated the gut microbiota followed by Actinobacteria, Spirochaetes and a small number of unclassified phyla in CM and NG microbiomes. In the CS feeding group, members of Spirochaetes were the most prevalent, followed by Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. Bray-Curtis distances showed that the samples from the CS community were clearly separated from those samples of the CM and NG diets. Gut extracts from all three diets exhibited endoglucanase, xylanase, β-glucosidase and pectinase activities. These activities were significantly affected by pH and temperature across different diets. We observed that the larvae reared on a CM showed significantly higher activities than larvae reared on NG and CS. We demonstrated that the intestinal bacterial community structure varies depending on diet composition. Diets with more variable and complex compositions, such as CS, showed higher bacterial diversity and richness than the two other diets. In spite of the detected changes in composition and diversity, we identified a core microbiome shared between the three different lignocellulosic diets. These results suggest that feeding with diets of different lignocellulosic composition could be a viable strategy to discover variants of hemicellulose and cellulose breakdown systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Ben Guerrero
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria Castelar Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Soria
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Cátedra de Microbiología Agrícola, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ricardo Salvador
- Instituto de Microbiología y Zoología Agrícola, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria Castelar Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Javier A Ceja-Navarro
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Eleonora Campos
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria CastelarHurlingham, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eoin L Brodie
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Paola Talia
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria CastelarHurlingham, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Leo VV, Passari AK, Joshi JB, Mishra VK, Uthandi S, Ramesh N, Gupta VK, Saikia R, Sonawane VC, Singh BP. A Novel Triculture System (CC3) for Simultaneous Enzyme Production and Hydrolysis of Common Grasses through Submerged Fermentation. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:447. [PMID: 27065995 PMCID: PMC4815437 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The perennial grasses are considered as a rich source of lignocellulosic biomass, making it a second generation alternative energy source and can diminish the use of fossil fuels. In this work, four perennial grasses Saccharum arundinaceum, Panicum antidotale, Thysanolaena latifolia, and Neyraudia reynaudiana were selected to verify their potential as a substrate to produce hydrolytic enzymes and to evaluate them as second generation energy biomass. Here, cellulase and hemi-cellulase producing three endophytic bacteria (Burkholderia cepacia BPS-GB3, Alcaligenes faecalis BPS-GB5 and Enterobacter hormaechei BPS-GB8) recovered from N. reynaudiana and S. arundinaceum were selected to develop a triculture (CC3) consortium. During 12 days of submerged cultivation, a 55–70% loss in dry weight was observed and the maximum activity of β-glucosidase (5.36–12.34 IU) and Xylanase (4.33 to 10.91 IU) were observed on 2nd and 6th day respectively, whereas FPase (0.26 to 0.53 IU) and CMCase (2.31 to 4.65 IU) showed maximum activity on 4th day. Around 15–30% more enzyme activity was produced in CC3 as compared to monoculture (CC1) and coculture (CC2) treatments, suggested synergetic interaction among the selected three bacterial strains. Further, the biomass was assessed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The FTIR analysis provides important insights into the reduction of cellulose and hemicellulose moieties in CC3 treated biomass and SEM studies shed light into the disruption of surface structure leading to access of cellulose or hemicelluloses microtubules. The hydrolytic potential of the CC3 system was further enhanced due to reduction in lignin as evidenced by 1–4% lignin reduction in biomass compositional analysis. Additionally, laccase gene was detected from A. faecalis and E. hormaechei which further shows the laccase production potential of the isolates. To our knowledge, first time we develop an effective endophytic endogenous bacterial triculture system having potential for the production of extracellular enzymes utilizing S. arundinaceum and N. reynaudiana as lignocellulosic feedstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent V Leo
- Molecular Microbiology and Systematics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram UniversityAizawl, India; Department of Biotechnology, J.J College for Arts and SciencePudukkottai, India
| | - Ajit K Passari
- Molecular Microbiology and Systematics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University Aizawl, India
| | - J Beslin Joshi
- Biocatalysts Lab, Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore, India
| | - Vineet K Mishra
- Molecular Microbiology and Systematics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University Aizawl, India
| | - Sivakumar Uthandi
- Biocatalysts Lab, Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore, India
| | - N Ramesh
- Department of Biotechnology, J.J College for Arts and Science Pudukkottai, India
| | - Vijai K Gupta
- Molecular Glyco-biotechnology Group, Department of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway Galway, Ireland
| | - Ratul Saikia
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology Jorhat, Assam, India
| | - Vijay C Sonawane
- Biochemical Engineering Research and Process Development Centre (BERPDC), Institute of Microbial Technology Chandigarh, India
| | - Bhim P Singh
- Molecular Microbiology and Systematics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University Aizawl, India
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Determination and Visualization of pH Values in Anaerobic Digestion of Water Hyacinth and Rice Straw Mixtures Using Hyperspectral Imaging with Wavelet Transform Denoising and Variable Selection. SENSORS 2016; 16:244. [PMID: 26901202 PMCID: PMC4801620 DOI: 10.3390/s16020244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Biomass energy represents a huge supplement for meeting current energy demands. A hyperspectral imaging system covering the spectral range of 874–1734 nm was used to determine the pH value of anaerobic digestion liquid produced by water hyacinth and rice straw mixtures used for methane production. Wavelet transform (WT) was used to reduce noises of the spectral data. Successive projections algorithm (SPA), random frog (RF) and variable importance in projection (VIP) were used to select 8, 15 and 20 optimal wavelengths for the pH value prediction, respectively. Partial least squares (PLS) and a back propagation neural network (BPNN) were used to build the calibration models on the full spectra and the optimal wavelengths. As a result, BPNN models performed better than the corresponding PLS models, and SPA-BPNN model gave the best performance with a correlation coefficient of prediction (rp) of 0.911 and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.0516. The results indicated the feasibility of using hyperspectral imaging to determine pH values during anaerobic digestion. Furthermore, a distribution map of the pH values was achieved by applying the SPA-BPNN model. The results in this study would help to develop an on-line monitoring system for biomass energy producing process by hyperspectral imaging.
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Seidl PR, Freire E, Borschiver S. Non-fuel Applications of Sugars in Brazil. BIOMASS SUGARS FOR NON-FUEL APPLICATIONS 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/9781782622079-00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The use of biomass for the production of fuels and chemicals can mitigate several of the problems involving greenhouse gas emissions and the depletion of the world's non-renewable resources. High value, lower volume biobased chemicals may also increase the return on investments in biofuels-only operations thus contributing to overcome a significant barrier to realizing a biorefinery's economic goals. Recent evaluations of structures most easily obtained from a given conversion process have the advantage of tailoring broad-based processes to the building blocks available from certain biorefinery operations. Selected structures available from chemical and biological transformations of sugar cane and its residues are discussed in terms of their integration into biorefinery operations. Those structures currently under investigation by Brazilian groups that appear to be the most promising for production by the chemical industry are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R. Seidl
- Brazilian Green Chemistry School, School of Chemistry Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Estevão Freire
- Brazilian Green Chemistry School, School of Chemistry Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Suzana Borschiver
- Brazilian Green Chemistry School, School of Chemistry Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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Prospection and Evaluation of (Hemi) Cellulolytic Enzymes Using Untreated and Pretreated Biomasses in Two Argentinean Native Termites. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136573. [PMID: 26313257 PMCID: PMC4552170 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Saccharum officinarum bagasse (common name: sugarcane bagasse) and Pennisetum purpureum (also known as Napier grass) are among the most promising feedstocks for bioethanol production in Argentina and Brazil. In this study, both biomasses were assessed before and after acid pretreatment and following hydrolysis with Nasutitermes aquilinus and Cortaritermes fulviceps termite gut digestome. The chemical composition analysis of the biomasses after diluted acid pretreatment showed that the hemicellulose fraction was partially removed. The (hemi) cellulolytic activities were evaluated in bacterial culture supernatants of termite gut homogenates grown in treated and untreated biomasses. In all cases, we detected significantly higher endoglucanase and xylanase activities using pretreated biomasses compared to untreated biomasses, carboxymethylcellulose and xylan. Several protein bands with (hemi) cellulolytic activity were detected in zymograms and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Some proteins of these bands or spots were identified as xylanolytic peptides by mass spectrometry. Finally, the diversity of cultured cellulolytic bacterial endosymbionts associated to both Argentinean native termite species was analyzed. This study describes, for the first time, bacterial endosymbionts and endogenous (hemi) cellulases of two Argentinean native termites as well as their potential application in degradation of lignocellulosic biomass for bioethanol production.
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Maitan-Alfenas GP, Visser EM, Guimarães VM. Enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass: converting food waste in valuable products. Curr Opin Food Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Bernardinelli OD, Lima MA, Rezende CA, Polikarpov I, deAzevedo ER. Quantitative (13)C MultiCP solid-state NMR as a tool for evaluation of cellulose crystallinity index measured directly inside sugarcane biomass. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2015; 8:110. [PMID: 26244055 PMCID: PMC4524013 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-015-0292-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The crystallinity index (CI) is often associated with changes in cellulose structure after biological and physicochemical pretreatments. While some results obtained with lignocellulosic biomass demonstrate a progressive increase in the CI as a function of pretreatments, it is also shown that the CI can significantly vary depending on the choice of the measurement method. Besides, the influence of the CI on the recalcitrance of biomass has been controversial for a long time, but the most recent results tend to point out that the efficiency of pretreatments in reducing the recalcitrance is not clearly correlated with the decrease of the CI. Much of this controversy is somewhat associated with the inability to distinguish between the CI of the cellulose inside the biomass and the CI of the full biomass, which contains other amorphous components such as lignin and hemicellulose. RESULTS Cross polarization by multiple contact periods (Multi-CP) method was used to obtain quantitative (13)C solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) spectra of sugarcane bagasse biomass submitted to two-step pretreatments and/or enzymatic hydrolysis. By comparing the dipolar filtered Multi-CP (13)C NMR spectra of untreated bagasse samples with those of samples submitted to acid pretreatment, we show that a 1% H2SO4-assisted pretreatment was very effective in removing practically all the hemicellulose signals. This led us to propose a spectral editing procedure based on the subtraction of MultiCP spectra of acid-treated biomass from that of the extracted lignin, to obtain a virtually pure cellulose spectrum. Based on this idea, we were able to evaluate the CI of the native cellulose inside the sugarcane bagasse biomass. CONCLUSIONS The results show the validity of the proposed method as a tool for evaluating the variations in the CI of the cellulose inside biomasses of similar kinds. Despite a clear increase in the CI of biomass as measured by X-ray diffraction, no significant variations were observed in the CI of the cellulose inside the biomass after a particular 1% H2SO4/0.25-4% NaOH chemical-assisted pretreatments. The CI of cellulose inside the biomass solid fraction that remained after the enzymatic hydrolysis was also evaluated. The results show a slight increase in crystallinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oigres Daniel Bernardinelli
- />Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 369, São Carlos, SP 13660-970 Brazil
| | - Marisa Aparecida Lima
- />Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 369, São Carlos, SP 13660-970 Brazil
| | - Camila Alves Rezende
- />Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 369, São Carlos, SP 13660-970 Brazil
- />Instituto de Química, Universidade de Campinas-UNICAMP, Caixa Postal 6154, Campinas, SP 13084-971 Brazil
| | - Igor Polikarpov
- />Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 369, São Carlos, SP 13660-970 Brazil
| | - Eduardo Ribeiro deAzevedo
- />Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 369, São Carlos, SP 13660-970 Brazil
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