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Sun J, Zhang Z, Xiao Y, Li H, Ji Z, Lian P, Zhang X. Skeletal Muscle Metastasis From Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Case Series and Literature Review. Front Surg 2022; 9:762540. [PMID: 35310441 PMCID: PMC8927030 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.762540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectivesSkeletal muscle metastasis (SMM) from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has been rarely reported. This case series was performed to increase the clinicians' understanding of its clinical features and treatments.MethodsWe evaluated the clinical presentations, diagnoses, and treatments of 2 patients with SMM from RCC in our hospital and 39 cases reported in the literature.ResultsAmong the 41 patients, 4 (9.76%) were women and 37 (90.24%) were all men. The average age was 60.5 ± 12.6 years old (range from 7 to 81). The size of tumors varied from 1 to 28 cm, and the metastatic sites of 6 (14.63%) cases were in the heads, 20 (48.78%) in the limbs, 9 (21.95%) in the trunks, 3 (7.32%) in the buttock, and the other 3 (7.32%) were multiple sites. The mean of intervals between the RCC and the discovery of the first SMM was 73.61 months. More than half of the patients (25, 60.98%) were diagnosed by MRI and 25 (60.98%) patients performed a biopsy of the mass to establish the diagnosis. Finally, 30 (73.17%) cases performed mass excision. Then the adjuvant therapy was performed in 18 patients including immunotherapy, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. The median follow-up after SMM was 9 months (P25, P75: 5, 23), in which the longest survival time of patients with SMM of RCC was 8 years while the shortest was only 3 months.ConclusionThe characteristic clinical feature of SMM from RCC is asymptomatic masses or swelling with a long history which can be preoperative suspiciously diagnosed by MRI. The rapid biopsy of suspected lesions, determination of other metastasis sites, resection of metastasis, and systematic treatment are the recommended treatments of it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Sun
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zimu Zhang
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hanzhong Li
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhigang Ji
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Penghu Lian
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Penghu Lian
| | - Xuebin Zhang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Xuebin Zhang
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Caunter G, Faeez Md Noh MS, Safri LS, Kumar K, Md Idris MA, Harunarashid H, Yahaya A. Delayed Presentation of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma as an Arteriovenous Malformation Mimicking Vascular Tumour of the Forearm. EJVES Short Rep 2019; 44:19-22. [PMID: 31453386 PMCID: PMC6704251 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvssr.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The development of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) many years after a nephrectomy is not common but has been reported. A metastasis appearing as a hypervascular tumour, mimicking an arteriovenous malformation (AVM), is a highly unusual phenomenon, with a biopsy required for diagnostic confirmation. Surgery is an option for a solitary metastatic lesion amenable to complete excision, with proven survival benefits. However, widespread metastatic disease carries a very poor prognosis, and is best treated with systemic agents such as anti-angiogenic drugs or tyrosine kinase inhibitors. REPORT A 58 year old man developed an AVM mimicking a vascular tumour within his left brachioradialis muscle 10 years after a nephrectomy for RCC. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging did not reveal any suspicious features of the vascular lesion.The lesion was successfully removed surgically, and was later proven histopathologically to be metastatic RCC. Further imaging showed widespread metastatic disease, and the patient survived only 15 months after receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. DISCUSSION This case report aims to highlight a few important points: RCC metastases may be hypervascular, mimicking an AVM. A long disease free interval does not necessarily exclude recurrence or metastasis, as in this case, therefore long term surveillance is recommended. A high index of suspicion must be maintained to avoid delay in treatment, and biopsy of any suspicious lesion for histological examination is mandatory, albeit after many years of cancer remission. Whole body imaging with computed tomography or positron emission tomography computed tomography may detect clinically occult recurrence or metastases, and is important to guide further treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian Caunter
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Lenny Suryani Safri
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Krishna Kumar
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Azim Md Idris
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hanafiah Harunarashid
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azyani Yahaya
- Department of Pathology, National University of Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Doroudinia A, Mehrian P, Dorudinia A, Kaghazchi F. Rectal adenocarcinoma presenting with thigh muscle metastasis as the only metastatic site. BMJ Case Rep 2019; 12:12/1/e226802. [PMID: 30674489 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2018-226802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rectal carcinoma with metastasis to skeletal muscle is a rare finding. According to literature review, 17 cases of skeletal muscle metastasis from colorectal carcinoma have been documented where only six cases were rectal carcinomas.We discuss a case of a middle-aged man with a known history of high-grade mucinous adenocarcinoma of the rectum, status post abdominoperineal resection followed by adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy. During the planned chemotherapy course, a right proximal thigh subcutaneous mass was incidentally found which on subsequent biopsy proved to be metastatic from rectal primary site. On subsequent 18F-FDG (Fluorodeoxyglucose) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT scan after completion of chemotherapy for the purpose of treatment response evaluation, only FDG-avid lesion was residual right proximal thigh metastatic mass without involvement of other common sites, such as liver and lung. In this case, the 18F-FDG-PET/CT scan was able to exclude additional metastatic sites and also evaluate the patient's treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abtin Doroudinia
- PET/CT, Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Payam Mehrian
- Radiology, Telemedicine Research Center (TRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Atosa Dorudinia
- Pathology, Tracheal Diseases Research Center (TDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Masih Daneshvari Hospital. Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kaghazchi
- PET/CT, Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, The Islamic Republic of Iran
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Angelini A, Eldesouqi A, Belluzzi E, Cappellesso R, Ruggieri P. Metastatic Lesion From Clear-cell Renal Carcinoma After 40 Years and a Review of the Literature. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2018; 17:e372-e376. [PMID: 30587402 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2018.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Angelini
- Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Oncology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Ahmed Eldesouqi
- Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Oncology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Elisa Belluzzi
- Musculoskeletal Pathology and Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Orthopaedic Oncology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Rocco Cappellesso
- Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Pietro Ruggieri
- Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Oncology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Safadi A, Abu Ahmad MS, Sror S, Schwalb S, Katz R. Simultaneous metachronous renal cell carcinoma and skeletal muscle metastasis after radical nephrectomy. Urol Case Rep 2017; 16:17-19. [PMID: 29021965 PMCID: PMC5633743 DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2017.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Safadi
- Department of Urology, Ziv Medical Center, Zefat, Israel
| | | | - Saher Sror
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Unit, Ziv Medical Center, Zefat, Israel
| | - Sergio Schwalb
- Department of Pathology, Ziv Medical Center, Zefat, Israel
| | - Ran Katz
- Department of Urology, Ziv Medical Center, Zefat, Israel
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Zheng G, Li H, Li J, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Wu X. Metastatic renal clear cell carcinoma to the rectum, lungs, ilium, and lymph nodes: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e5720. [PMID: 28072710 PMCID: PMC5228670 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal cell carcinoma metastasizing to rectum is very rare, and the unusual metastatic sites should be paid attention to during the follow-up of renal cell carcinoma. CASE SUMMARY We describe a case of a 65-year-old male who was diagnosed with metastatic renal cell carcinoma to rectum 10 years after the right radical nephrectomy. Histopathology and immunohistochemical examinations contribute to making differential diagnosis between rectal metastasis of renal cell carcinoma and primary rectal clear cell carcinoma. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography with fluorodeoxyglucose shows hypermetabolic activity in upper rectum and other sites of metastasis at the same time. CONCLUSION Possibility of unusual metastatic sites of renal cell carcinoma such as rectum indeed exists, which should not be ignored in the surveillance after resection of the primary tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ji Li
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Molnar C, Tătaru OS, Mărginean L, Borda A. Skeletal Muscle Metastases and Inferior Vena Cava Involvement in a Patient with Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma and Sarcomatoid Differentiation. JOURNAL OF INTERDISCIPLINARY MEDICINE 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/jim-2016-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Renal cell carcinoma has a propensity to propagate into the renal vein and inferior vena cava. A small percentage has distant metastasis at presentation. Pulmonary, hepatic, cerebral and bone metastases are common, but skeletal muscle involvement is rare.
Case presentation: We present the case of a 51-year-old patient complaining of right flank pain, gross hematuria and a painful left laterothoracic mass. Preoperative examination revealed a tumor in the inferior pole of the right kidney, thrombosis of the right renal vein that extended into the inferior vena cava and a left laterothoracic tumor. We decided on a preoperative digital subtraction angiography and selected embolization of the laterothoracic mass. We performed right radical nephrectomy with vena cava thrombus excision and excision of the left laterothoracic tumor. The pathological examination revealed a clear cell renal carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation of the right kidney. Metastases with the above features were noticed in the right adrenal gland and in the skeletal muscle of the chest wall.
Conclusions: The surgical resection of large renal tumors with associated thrombus within the inferior vena cava is challenging to any surgeon. The preoperative embolization of the metastatic tumor is helpful in the reduction of pain and intraoperative blood loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Călin Molnar
- Surgery Clinic No. I, County Emergency Clinical Hospital, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Octavian-Sabin Tătaru
- Clinic of Urology, County Emergency Clinical Hospital, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Lucian Mărginean
- Department of Radiology, County Emergency Clinical Hospital, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Angela Borda
- Department of Pathology, County Emergency Clinical Hospital, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania
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Hsieh CY, Tsai HW, Chang CC, Lin TW, Chang KC, Chen YS. Tumors Involving Skin, Soft Tissue and Skeletal Muscle: Benign, Primary Malignant or Metastatic? Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 16:6681-4. [PMID: 26434894 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.15.6681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastatic cancer with invasion of skin, soft tissue and skeletal muscle is not common. Examples presenting as soft tissue masses could sometimes lead to misdiagnosis with delayed or inappropriate management. The purpose of current study was to investigate clinical characteristics in the involvement of metastatic cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 1,097 patients complaining of skin or soft tissue masses and/or lesions were retrospectively reviewed from January 2012 to June 2013. Tumors involving skin, soft tissue and skeletal muscle of head and neck, chest wall, abdominal wall, pelvic region, back, upper and lower extremities were included in the study. RESULTS Fifty-seven (5.2%) patients were recognized as having malignancies on histopathological examination. The most common involvement of malignancy was basal cell carcinoma, followed by cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, sarcoma and melanoma. The most common anatomical location in skin and soft tissue malignancies was head and neck (52.6% of the malignancies). Four (0.36%) of the malignant group were identified as metastatic cancer with the primary cancer source from lung, liver and tonsil and the most common site was upper extremities. One of them unexpectedly expired during the operation of metastatic tumor excision at the scalp. CONCLUSIONS Discrimination between benign and malignant soft tissue tumors is crucial. Performance of imaging study could assist in the differential diagnosis and the pre-operative risk evaluation of metastatic tumors involving skin, soft tissue and skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ying Hsieh
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery in the Instituition, Department of Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan E-mail :
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Corona Martínez J, Alvarado Robles LM, Herrera Alanís RC, Heras Gómez D, Rodríguez Sandoval V. Carcinoma renal de células claras metastásico a la base de la lengua y al músculo bíceps braquial. GACETA MEXICANA DE ONCOLOGÍA 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gamo.2015.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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