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Bullock AF, Patterson MJ, Paton LW, Currow DC, Johnson MJ. Malnutrition, sarcopenia and cachexia: exploring prevalence, overlap, and perceptions in older adults with cancer. Eur J Clin Nutr 2024:10.1038/s41430-024-01433-9. [PMID: 38580728 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-024-01433-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults with cancer are a growing population requiring tailored care to achieve optimum treatment outcomes. Their care is complicated by under-recognised and under-treated wasting disorders: malnutrition, sarcopenia, and cachexia. We aimed to investigate the prevalence, overlap, and patients' views and experiences of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and cachexia, in older adults with cancer. METHODS Mixed-methods study with cross-sectional study and qualitative interviews. Interviews were thematically analysed through a phenomenological lens, with feedback loop analysis investigating relationships between themes and findings synthesised using modified critical interpretative synthesis. FINDINGS n = 30 were screened for malnutrition, sarcopenia, and cachexia, n = 8 completed semi-structured interviews. Eighteen (60.0%) were malnourished, 16 (53.3%) sarcopenic, and 17 (56.7%) cachexic. One or more condition was seen in 80%, and all three in 30%. In univariate analysis, Rockwood clinical frailty score (OR 2.94 [95% CI: 1.26-6.89, p = 0.013]) was associated with sarcopenia, reported percentage meal consumption (OR 2.28 [95% CI: 1.24-4.19, p = 0.008]), and visible wasting (OR 8.43 [95% CI: 1.9-37.3] p = 0.005) with malnutrition, and percentage monthly weight loss (OR 8.71 [95% CI: 1.87-40.60] p = 0.006) with cachexia. Screening tools identified established conditions rather than 'risk'. Nutritional and functional problems were often overlooked, overshadowed, and misunderstood by both patients and (in patients' perceptions) by clinicians; misattributed to ageing, cancer, or comorbidities. Patients viewed these conditions as both personal impossibilities, yet accepted inevitabilities. CONCLUSION Perceptions, identification, and management of these conditions needs to improve, and their importance recognised by clinicians and patients so those truly 'at risk' are identified whilst conditions are more remediable to interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex F Bullock
- Wolfson Palliative Care Research Centre, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK.
| | - Michael J Patterson
- Wolfson Palliative Care Research Centre, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Lewis W Paton
- Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK
| | - David C Currow
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Miriam J Johnson
- Wolfson Palliative Care Research Centre, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
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2
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Baldwin JN, He J, Oliveira JS, Bates A, Tiedemann A, Hassett L, Sherrington C, Pinheiro MB. Responsiveness of Patient-Reported and Device-Based Physical Activity Measures: Secondary Analysis of Four Randomized Trials. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2024; 56:663-672. [PMID: 37962224 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to compare the responsiveness of patient-reported and device-based instruments within four physical activity trials. METHODS This was a secondary analysis of four randomized trials that used both a patient-reported outcome measure (the Incidental and Planned Exercise Questionnaire (IPEQ)) and a device-based instrument (ActiGraph or ActivPAL) to measure physical activity. The four trials included were (i) Activity and MObility UsiNg Technology (AMOUNT), digitally enabled exercises in those undertaking aged care and neurological rehabilitation; (ii) Balance Exercise Strength Training at Home, home-based balance and strength exercises in community-dwelling people 65 yr or older; (iii) Coaching for Healthy Ageing (CHAnGE), physical activity coaching and fall prevention intervention in community-dwelling people 60 yr or older; and (iv) Fitbit trial, fall prevention and physical activity promotion with health coaching and activity monitor in community-dwelling people 60 yr or older. We estimated treatment effects for all variables within each physical activity instrument using regression analyses and expressed results as effect sizes (ES). RESULTS Overall, device-based instruments were more responsive among healthy older adults (ES range, 0.01 to 0.32), whereas the IPEQ was more responsive among adults requiring rehabilitation (ES range, -0.06 to 0.35). Both the IPEQ and device-based instruments were more responsive in trials that promoted walking via coaching participants to increase their daily steps (AMOUNT (ES range, -0.06 to 0.35), CHAnGE (ES range, -0.24 to 0.22), and Fitbit trial (ES range, -0.23 to 0.32)). Individual variables within the IPEQ and device-based instruments varied in their responsiveness (ES range, -0.13 to 0.20). CONCLUSIONS Both the IPEQ and device-based instruments are able to detect small changes in physical activity levels. However, responsiveness varies across different interventions and populations. Our findings provide guidance for researchers and clinicians in selecting an appropriate instrument to measure changes in physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Amanda Bates
- Health Promotion Service, Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District, Wollongong, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA
| | | | | | - Catherine Sherrington
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA
| | - Marina B Pinheiro
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA
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de Oliveira MPB, Pereira DS, da Silva SLA, Alencar MA, Iunes DH, da Silva Alexandre T. Are assessment measures for components of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health reproducible for use on pre-frail and frail older adults? A systematic review. Exp Gerontol 2023; 182:112300. [PMID: 37769825 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the internal consistency, reliability and measurement error of assessment measures for body structure and function (postural balance, muscle strength, cardiorespiratory function and physical fitness), activity (walking and mobility) and participation (quality of life and social reintegration) outcomes for use on pre-frail and frail older adults. METHODS Searches were performed in six databases (Medline, Embase, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library and Lilacs) and reproducibility studies were included. Cronbach's alpha and the classification proposed by Terwee et al. (2007) were used for the interpretation of internal consistency. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the Munro classification were used for the determination of reliability. The standard error of measurement (SEM), minimal detectable change (MDC) as well as percentages of error (SEM%) and change (MDC%) were calculated. Methodological quality of the studies was appraised using Boxes 4, 6 and 7 of the COSMIN Risk of Bias checklist. RESULTS Six studies were included in the present systematic review, with a total of 835 (82.4 years; 582 women and 253 men) pre-frail and frail older adults analyzed. Seven measures were identified for the assessment of body structure and function, activity and participation outcomes (Hierarchical Assessment of Balance and Mobility, Self-Assessment of Physical Fitness, Sarcopenia Quality of Life, Reintegration to Normal Living Index, Two-Minute Walking test, Six-Minute Walking test and Ten-Meter Walking test). The following measurement properties were identified: internal consistency = 0.84 (mean Cronbach's alpha); reliability = 0.87 (mean ICC); SEM range = 0.06 to 10.10; MDC range = 0.13 to 28.10; SEM% range = 5.2 % to 9.5 %; and MDC% range = 10.7 % to 28.5 %. CONCLUSION The present systematic review found adequate internal consistency, high reliability and an acceptable measurement error for assessment measures of body structure and function, activity and participation outcomes for use on pre-frail and frail older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniele Sirineu Pereira
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Asmar Alencar
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Denise Hollanda Iunes
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Tiago da Silva Alexandre
- Department of Gerontology and Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Pupulin A, Ball J, Bajaj R, Alter DA. Evaluating Statin Knowledge-Perceptions and Receptivity Following a Comprehensive Lifestyle Modification Program. Am J Lifestyle Med 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/15598276231163129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Though clinical guidelines for cholesterol-lowering therapies advocate for both a trial of lifestyle modification and the initiation of statin medication when appropriate, the extent to which lifestyle modification may alter a patient’s knowledge-perceptions and receptivity towards statins remains unclear. Methods Following completion of a 6-month comprehensive lifestyle modification program, perceived changes in knowledge and receptivity towards statins were examined across prespecified subgroups of age, sex, and statin eligibility using a mixed-methods questionnaire. Quantitative and qualitative analyses incorporated binomial tests, McNemar’s test, and thematic analyses. Results Among 192 patients who completed the program and exit questionnaire between December 15, 2020 and July 2, 2021, 88.4% of patients indicated a perceived improvement in cholesterol and/or statin knowledge (P < . 0001). 48.2% of patients acknowledged that their receptivity towards taking statins increased (P = . 61). Changes in receptivity were attributed to several identified program themes including improvements in health knowledge and awareness, motivation and empowerment. Patients who noted improvements in their mental health also reported significantly increased receptivity towards statins (P < . 001). Conclusions Patients’ perceived knowledge and receptivity towards statins may improve following participation in a comprehensive therapeutic lifestyle modification program. Future research must evaluate the impact of these programs on statin uptake, compliance and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaina Pupulin
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada (AP); Faculty of Art and Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (JB); Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (RB, DAA); Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (DAA); Rehabilitation Institute-University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (DAA); Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada (DAA)
| | - Jillian Ball
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada (AP); Faculty of Art and Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (JB); Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (RB, DAA); Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (DAA); Rehabilitation Institute-University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (DAA); Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada (DAA)
| | - Ravi Bajaj
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada (AP); Faculty of Art and Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (JB); Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (RB, DAA); Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (DAA); Rehabilitation Institute-University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (DAA); Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada (DAA)
| | - David A. Alter
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada (AP); Faculty of Art and Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (JB); Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (RB, DAA); Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (DAA); Rehabilitation Institute-University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (DAA); Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada (DAA)
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dos Santos EPR, Ohara DG, Patrizzi LJ, de Walsh IAP, Silva CDFR, da Silva Neto JR, Oliveira NGN, Matos AP, Iosimuta NCR, Pinto ACPN, Pegorari MS. Investigating Factors Associated with Fear of Falling in Community-Dwelling Older Adults through Structural Equation Modeling Analysis: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:545. [PMID: 36675475 PMCID: PMC9867366 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12020545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The scientific literature mentions the existence of factors associated with fear of falling in older adults. However, the direct and indirect paths of its predictors have not yet been fully explored. This study aimed to analyze the socioeconomic, clinical, and health factors directly and indirectly associated with fear of falling in community-dwelling older adults. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in older adults (n = 410 - 70.11 ± 7.22 years). Clinical and health-condition data were collected, as were data on fear of falling using the Falls Efficacy Scale International-Brazil (FES-I Brazil). It was found that being female and having a higher number of self-reported morbidities, worse physical performance, and a higher number of depressive symptoms were directly associated with greater fear of falling. Regarding indirect associations, physical inactivity, mediated by a greater number of morbidities, worse physical performance, and a greater number of depressive symptoms, was associated with greater fear of falling. In addition, worse self-rated health, mediated by a greater number of depressive symptoms, as well as older age, mediated by worse physical performance, were associated with the outcome. This study provides information on the predictors directly and indirectly associated with fear of falling, expanding current understanding of this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elane Priscila Rosa dos Santos
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Road Juscelino Kubitschek, Km-02, Jardim Marco Zero, Macapá 68903-419, Brazil
| | - Daniela Gonçalves Ohara
- Department of Applied Physiotherapy, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Boulevard Frei Paulino, no 30, Abadia, Uberaba 38025-180, Brazil
| | - Lislei Jorge Patrizzi
- Department of Applied Physiotherapy, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Boulevard Frei Paulino, no 30, Abadia, Uberaba 38025-180, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Therapy, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Boulevard Frei Paulino, no30, Abadia, Uberaba 38025-180, Brazil
| | - Isabel Aparecida Porcatti de Walsh
- Department of Applied Physiotherapy, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Boulevard Frei Paulino, no 30, Abadia, Uberaba 38025-180, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Therapy, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Boulevard Frei Paulino, no30, Abadia, Uberaba 38025-180, Brazil
| | - Caroline de Fátima Ribeiro Silva
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Road Juscelino Kubitschek, Km-02, Jardim Marco Zero, Macapá 68903-419, Brazil
| | - José Ribeiro da Silva Neto
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Road Juscelino Kubitschek, Km–02, Jardim Marco Zero, Macapá 68903-419, Brazil
| | - Nayara Gomes Nunes Oliveira
- Department of Nursing in Education and Community Health, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Boulevard Frei Paulino, no 30, Abadia, Uberaba 38025-180, Brazil
| | - Areolino Pena Matos
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Road Juscelino Kubitschek, Km-02, Jardim Marco Zero, Macapá 68903-419, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Road Juscelino Kubitschek, Km–02, Jardim Marco Zero, Macapá 68903-419, Brazil
| | - Natalia Camargo Rodrigues Iosimuta
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Road Juscelino Kubitschek, Km-02, Jardim Marco Zero, Macapá 68903-419, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Road Juscelino Kubitschek, Km–02, Jardim Marco Zero, Macapá 68903-419, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Pereira Nunes Pinto
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Road Juscelino Kubitschek, Km-02, Jardim Marco Zero, Macapá 68903-419, Brazil
| | - Maycon Sousa Pegorari
- Department of Applied Physiotherapy, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Boulevard Frei Paulino, no 30, Abadia, Uberaba 38025-180, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Therapy, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Boulevard Frei Paulino, no30, Abadia, Uberaba 38025-180, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Road Juscelino Kubitschek, Km–02, Jardim Marco Zero, Macapá 68903-419, Brazil
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Ihle A, Gouveia ÉR, Gouveia BR, Marques A, Marconcin P, Nascimento MDM, Haas M, Jurema J, Tinôco MA, Kliegel M. The Relation of Having Experienced a Fall in the Past to Lower Cognitive Functioning in Old Age Is Mediated via Less Physical Activity Engagement as Cognitive Reserve Contributor. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11121754. [PMID: 36552264 PMCID: PMC9775010 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity and exercise contribute to the accumulation of cognitive reserve, which is instrumental for preserving cognitive health in old age. In a large sample of 701 older adults (mean age = 70.36 years), we investigated whether the relationship between having experienced a fall in the past and lower performance in cognitive functioning was mediated via less physical activity engagement as a cognitive reserve contributor. General cognition was assessed using the mini-mental state examination (MMSE), long-term memory using a word-pair delayed recall test and working memory using a backward digit-span test. In face-to-face interviews, individuals reported information on falls during the past 12 months and their habitual physical activity engagement. Our analyses demonstrated that the relationship between having experienced a fall in the past and lower performance in the cognitive functioning measures was partly mediated (by 16.3% for general cognition, 30.6% for long-term memory, and 33.1% for working memory, respectively) via less physical activity engagement. In conclusion, we suggest as a core bio-psychological mechanism that experiencing a fall at an older age is a critical life event that hinders sufficient physical activity engagement and thereby impedes cognitive reserve build-up, resulting in lower cognitive functioning outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Ihle
- Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES—Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
| | - Élvio R. Gouveia
- Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- Laboratory of Robotics and Engineering Systems (LARSYS), Interactive Technologies Institute, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Bruna R. Gouveia
- Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Robotics and Engineering Systems (LARSYS), Interactive Technologies Institute, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- Regional Directorate of Health, Secretary of Health of the Autonomous Region of Madeira, 9004-515 Funchal, Portugal
- Saint Joseph of Cluny Higher School of Nursing, 9050-535 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Adilson Marques
- Centre for the Study of Human Performance (CIPER), Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, 1495-751 Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Saúde Ambiental (ISAMB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-020 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Priscila Marconcin
- Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, 1495-751 Lisbon, Portugal
- KinesioLab, Research Unit in Human Movement Analysis, Piaget Institute, 2805-059 Almada, Portugal
| | - Marcelo de Maio Nascimento
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, 56304-917 Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Maximilian Haas
- Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jefferson Jurema
- Higher School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, 69065-001 Manaus, Brazil
| | - Maria A. Tinôco
- Coordination of Physical Education and Sport, Federal Institute of Science and Technology Education of Amazonas, 69020-120 Manaus, Brazil
| | - Matthias Kliegel
- Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES—Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Hausman HK, Dai Y, O’Shea A, Dominguez V, Fillingim M, Calfee K, Carballo D, Hernandez C, Perryman S, Kraft JN, Evangelista ND, Van Etten EJ, Smith SG, Bharadwaj PK, Song H, Porges E, DeKosky ST, Hishaw GA, Marsiske M, Cohen R, Alexander GE, Wu SS, Woods AJ. The longitudinal impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health behaviors, psychosocial factors, and cognitive functioning in older adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:999107. [PMID: 36506467 PMCID: PMC9732386 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.999107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Older adults are at a greater risk for contracting and experiencing severe illness from COVID-19 and may be further affected by pandemic-related precautions (e.g., social distancing and isolation in quarantine). However, the longitudinal impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on older adults is unclear. The current study examines changes in health behaviors, psychosocial factors, and cognitive functioning in a large sample of older adults using a pre-pandemic baseline and longitudinal follow-up throughout 9 months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: One hundred and eighty-nine older adults (ages 65-89) were recruited from a multisite clinical trial to complete additional virtual assessments during the COVID-19 pandemic. Mixed effects models evaluated changes in health behaviors, psychosocial factors, and cognitive functioning during the pandemic compared to a pre-pandemic baseline and over the course of the pandemic (i.e., comparing the first and last COVID-19 timepoints). Results: Compared to their pre-pandemic baseline, during the pandemic, older adults reported worsened sleep quality, perceived physical health and functioning, mental health, slight increases in depression and apathy symptoms, reduced social engagement/perceived social support, but demonstrated better performance on objective cognitive tasks of attention and working memory. Throughout the course of the pandemic, these older adults reported continued worsening of perceived physical health and function, fewer depression symptoms, and they demonstrated improved cognitive performance. It is important to note that changes on self-report mood measures and cognitive performance were relatively small regarding clinical significance. Education largely served as a protective factor, such that greater years of education was generally associated with better outcomes across domains. Conclusions: The present study provides insights into the longitudinal impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health behaviors, psychosocial factors, and cognitive functioning in a population disproportionately affected by the virus. Replicating this study design in a demographically representative older adult sample is warranted to further inform intervention strategies targeting older adults negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna K. Hausman
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States,Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Yunfeng Dai
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL,, United States
| | - Andrew O’Shea
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States,Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Vanessa Dominguez
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States,Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Matthew Fillingim
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States,Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Kristin Calfee
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States,Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Daniela Carballo
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States,Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Cindy Hernandez
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States,Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Sean Perryman
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States,Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Jessica N. Kraft
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States,Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Nicole D. Evangelista
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States,Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Emily J. Van Etten
- Brain Imaging, Behavior and Aging Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Samantha G. Smith
- Brain Imaging, Behavior and Aging Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Pradyumna K. Bharadwaj
- Brain Imaging, Behavior and Aging Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Hyun Song
- Brain Imaging, Behavior and Aging Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Eric Porges
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States,Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Steven T. DeKosky
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States,Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Georg A. Hishaw
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Physiological Sciences Graduate Interdisciplinary Programs, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona and Arizona Alzheimer’s Disease Consortium, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Michael Marsiske
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States,Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Ronald Cohen
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States,Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Gene E. Alexander
- Brain Imaging, Behavior and Aging Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States,Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Physiological Sciences Graduate Interdisciplinary Programs, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona and Arizona Alzheimer’s Disease Consortium, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Samuel S. Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL,, United States
| | - Adam J. Woods
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States,Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States,*Correspondence: Adam J. Woods
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Tallis J, Richardson DL, Eyre ELJ. The Influence of Easing COVID-19 Restrictions on the Physical Activity Intentions and Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity in UK Older Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12521. [PMID: 36231822 PMCID: PMC9566482 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 has had profound effects on physical activity behaviours of older adults, and understanding this impact is essential to driving public health policies to promote healthy ageing. The present study aimed to determine; (1) intended physical activity behaviours of older adults following the easing of UK COVID-19 restrictions; (2) the relationship between self-reported physical activity and intended physical activity behaviour; (3) perceived barriers to achieving the intended physical activity goal. Ninety-six participants (74.8 ± 4.4 years; 52 female) from a longitudinal study examining the impact of COVID-19 on physical activity were recruited. Participants outlined their future physical activity intentions and completed the COM-B Self Evaluation Questionnaire. Participants were split into groups based on their intention to 'Maintain' (n = 29), 'Increase' (n = 38) or 'Return' (n = 29) to pre-COVID-19 physical activity. Self-reported physical activity undulated over the pandemic but was mostly equivalent between groups. Intended physical activity behaviour was independent of self-report physical activity. Capability and motivation factors were the most frequently cited barriers to the intended physical activity behaviour, with a greater number of capability barriers in the 'Return' group. Such barriers should be considered in the COVID-19 recovery public health physical activity strategy for promoting healthy ageing.
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A Quasi-Experimental Study on the Effect of an Outdoor Physical Activity Program on the Well-Being of Older Chinese People in Hong Kong. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19158950. [PMID: 35897322 PMCID: PMC9332049 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19158950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Active participation in physical activity by older people is effective in improving their health. This research aims to examine the positive effects of participation in vigorous outdoor physical activities by older Chinese people in Hong Kong, and whether such effects would vary with socioeconomic background. A quasi-experimental, nonequivalent group design was used. A total of 22 participants were randomly assigned to participate in an outdoor physical activity program. Another 14 participants took part as a control group. The 14-item Self-Image of Aging Scale for Chinese Elders and the four-item self-report Subjective Happiness Scale were used to measure participants’ self-image and overall happiness level. All participants completed the assessment before and after the program. Happiness level was enhanced in participants in the experimental group (p = 0.037) and their level of overall mental health also improved (p = 0.031, η2p = 0.129). Demographics did not have any significant effect on well-being outcomes. A structured outdoor physical activity program could be a viable choice for future practice to enhance the mental well-being of older Chinese people.
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10
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Can an Eight-Session Multicomponent Physical Exercise Program Reduce Fall Risk and Fear of Falling among the Elderly? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148262. [PMID: 35886109 PMCID: PMC9318606 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In older populations, falls are responsible for decrease autonomy and increased pain and injuries. With aging, fall risk is multifactorial and associated with sarcopenia, impaired balance, falls themselves and psychological factors such as fear of falling. The objectives of the present study were: (a) to test the effects of a short multicomponent physical exercise program on fall risk and fear of falling; and (b) to analyze the relationship between fall risk and fear of falling. The participants were thirty-five older persons who were engaged in an eight-session physical exercise program. Balance (i.e., One-leg Balance Test, and Functional Reach Test), lower-limb endurance (i.e., Wall-sit Test) and fear of falling were measured before and after the multicomponent physical exercise program. Results indicated an increase in balance and a diminution of fear of falling after the end of the physical exercise program (p < 0.05). The program has an effect on lower limb endurance (p > 0.05). Gains in balance were correlated to the diminution of fear of falling (p < 0.05). An 8-week multicomponent physical exercise program based on balance is efficient to reduce fall risk and fear of falling among the elderly.
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11
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Fear of Falling, Cognition, and Physical Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adult. Nurs Res 2022; 71:387-393. [PMID: 35776095 DOI: 10.1097/nnr.0000000000000608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fear of falling (FOF) might be associated with physical and cognitive function, but there is a lack of understanding of the specific relationship between the three variables. OBJECTIVES To accurately investigate the association of FOF with cognitive and physical function in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS A total of 669 older adults (> 60 years) participated in this study. A self-report questionnaire collected information about demographic characteristics, lifestyle, and behavioral habits. FOF was evaluated through the Shortened Version of the Falls Efficacy Scale International. Global cognitive function and the subdomains of cognitive function (including memory, visual-spatial, language, attention, and executive function) were assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale, the Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT), the Clock-Drawing Test (CDT), the Verbal Fluency Test, and the Trail Making Test. Subjective memory complaints were assessed using the Subjective Memory Complaints Questionnaire (SMCQ). Physical function was evaluated by measuring muscle strength and balance ability, and muscle strength was indicated by hand grip strength. In contrast, balance was assessed using the Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test. RESULTS After adjustment for potential confounding factors, the linear or ordinal regression analysis showed that the values of hand grip strength, MoCA, AVLT, and CDT were significantly and negatively correlated with the score of FOF. On the other hand, SMCQ and TUG Test values showed significant positive correlations with FOF scores. Moreover, compared with other cognitive or physical measures, the CDT and TUG Test values showed a greater association with the FOF scores. DISCUSSION Low subjective or objective cognitive ability and low physical function, especially low visuospatial and balance ability, were positively associated with the risk of FOF in a community-dwelling older population.
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The Association of Self-Esteem with the Level of Independent Functioning and the Primary Demographic Factors in Persons over 60 Years of Age. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19041996. [PMID: 35206185 PMCID: PMC8871774 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19041996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Self-esteem reflects the way we see ourselves. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship among self-esteem, bio-psycho-social functioning, and sociodemographic conditions in the elderly. The study included 300 individuals over 60 years of age living in their home environment. The employed research tools included the Abbreviated Mental Test Score, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and EASYCare Standard 2010 questionnaire involving the following scales: independence score, risk of breakdown in care, and risk of falls. Results: The average score achieved by the study group according to the RSES scale was 29.9 ± 5.6 points. In addition, the study group presented a low risk of independence loss (independence score 13.3 ± 18.1), risk of breakdown in care (4.4 ± 2.4), and risk of falls (1.8 ± 1.6). The conducted multivariate analysis demonstrated that a significant (p < 0.05) negative predictor of low self-esteem was education below the secondary level, a poor financial condition, and functional limitations in domain I (seeing, hearing, and communicating skills) of the EASYCare Standard 2010 questionnaire. A relationship was found between self-esteem and the level of bio-psycho-social functioning, as well as between education and the financial situation. The results demonstrate that even successfully ageing individuals require a regular assessment of their functional status and individually adapted support in order to maintain independence and to increase their self-esteem.
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13
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Angelo FDDA, Maia PAF, Maranhão DCM, Silva JDDA, Pirauá ALT. Correlation between concern about falling and functional muscle fitness in community-dwelling elderly. FISIOTERAPIA EM MOVIMENTO 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fm.2022.35116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Introduction: To establish a correlation between concern about falling and a more comprehensive functional parameter, functional muscle fitness, a variable that encompasses functional components such as balance, muscle strength, power, flexibility and motor coordination in an integrated way. Functional muscle fitness is measured using the sitting-rising (from the floor) test (SRT), a simple, safe, fast and ecological test. Objective: The aim of our study was to determine the correlation between concern about falling and functional muscle fitness in the elderly. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted. The sample consisted of 53 elderly people of both sexes (86.8% women; 65.6 ± 4.7 years old; body mass index 28.5 ± 3.8 kg/m2), who were assessed for concern about falling (through Falls Efficacy Scale International, FES-I-Brazil) and functional muscle fitness (through SRT). Correlation analysis was performed using the Spearman test. For all analyses, a significance level of 5% (p < 0.05) was established. Results: Concern about falling showed a negative correlation with functional muscle fitness (rho =-0.229; p = 0.015). Conclusion: Elderly people with lower levels of functional muscle fitness have a higher level of concern about falling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - André Luiz Torres Pirauá
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Brazil; Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Brazil
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14
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You E, Lautenschlager NT, Wan CS, Goh AMY, Curran E, Chong TWH, Anstey KJ, Hanna F, Ellis KA. Ethnic Differences in Barriers and Enablers to Physical Activity Among Older Adults. Front Public Health 2021; 9:691851. [PMID: 34568253 PMCID: PMC8460870 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.691851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite its well-known health benefits, most older adults do not commit to undertaking sufficient physical activity (PA). In this study we aimed to examine the perceived benefits of and barriers and enablers to PA from the perspectives of older Caucasian and Chinese adults living in Australia. Individual and group interviews with 17 Caucasian (mean age: 72.8 years) and 47 Chinese adults (mean age: 74.0 years) were conducted and analysed using thematic analysis. Overall, participants knew about the benefits of PA on physical health but had inconsistent views on its benefits on mental and cognitive health. Older Caucasian and Chinese adults reported similar barriers (e.g., health issues, costs, bad weather and lack of time) and enablers (e.g., improving health; environmental enablers such as adequate and walkable spaces and good natural environment; peer support; and self-motivation) to PA. In comparison, older Chinese adults reported barriers more often, and reported some unique barriers relating to language and culture issues. The findings contribute to developing targeted PA programs for older Caucasian and Chinese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily You
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicola T. Lautenschlager
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- NorthWestern Mental Health, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ching Shan Wan
- Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Nursing Research Institute, St. Vincent's Health Network Sydney, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anita M. Y. Goh
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Eleanor Curran
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- NorthWestern Mental Health, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Terence W. H. Chong
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- NorthWestern Mental Health, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kaarin J. Anstey
- The University of New South Wales (UNSW) Ageing Futures Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Fahad Hanna
- Program of Public Health, Torrens University Australia, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Higher Education College, Chisholm Institute, Dandenong, VIC, Australia
| | - Kathryn A. Ellis
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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15
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Gaßner H, List J, Martindale CF, Regensburger M, Klucken J, Winkler J, Kohl Z. Functional gait measures correlate to fear of falling, and quality of life in patients with Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia: A cross-sectional study. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2021; 209:106888. [PMID: 34455170 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2021.106888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gait impairment is the cardinal motor symptom in hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) possibly linked to increased fear of falling and reduced quality of life (QoL). Disease specific symptoms in HSP are rated using the Spastic Paraplegia Rating Scale (SPRS). However, limited studies evaluated more objectively easy-to-apply gait measures by comparing these standardized assessments with patients' self-perceived impairment and clinically established scores. Therefore, the aim of this study was to correlate functional gait measures with self-rating questionnaires for fear of falling and QoL, and with the SPRS as clinical gold standard. METHODS HSP patients ("pure" phenotype, n = 22) fulfilling the clinical diagnostic criteria for HSP and age-and gender-matched healthy subjects (n = 22) were included in this study. Motor impairment was evaluated using the SPRS, fear of falling by the Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I), and QoL by SF-12. Functional gait measures included gait speed and step length (10-meter-walk-test), the Timed up and go test (TUG), and maximum walking distance (2-min-walking-test). RESULTS Functional gait measures correlated to fear of falling (gait speed: r = -0.726; step length: r = -0.689; TUG: r = 0.721; 2-min: r = -0.709) and the physical component of QoL (gait speed: r = 0.541; step length: r = 0.531; TUG: r = -0.512; 2-min: r = 0.548). Furthermore, FES-I (r = 0.767) and QoL (r = -0.728) correlated with the clinical gold standard (SPRS). Gait measures strongly correlated with SPRS (gait speed: r = -0.787; step length: r = -0.821; TUG: r = 0.756; 2-min: r = -0.791). CONCLUSION Functional gait measures reflect fear of falling, QoL, and mobility in HSP. The metric, semi-quantitative gait measures complement the clinician's evaluation and support the clinical workup by more objective parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Gaßner
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Julia List
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Martin Regensburger
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jochen Klucken
- Medical Valley - Digital Health Application Center GmbH, Bamberg, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Winkler
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Zacharias Kohl
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
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16
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The Relationship Between Concerns About Falling and Daily Life Activity in Older Men and Women. J Aging Phys Act 2021; 30:217-224. [PMID: 34407501 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2020-0516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Concerns about falling (CAF) affect daily life activities in older people; however, it is unclear whether gender moderates this relationship. The authors investigated the cross-sectional relationship between CAF and objectively measured physical activity (PA) and gait quality in 503 community-dwelling older men and women. About 448 people (age = 76.2 [SD 7.9] years, 296 females) contributed sufficient data on movement intensity, activity duration (bouts of walking, sitting, and standing), number of transitions between activities (sit-to-stand and sit-to-walk), number of steps and gait quality, quantified as walking speed, and sample entropy. Associations with the Iconographical Falls Efficacy Scale were tested. The authors found no significant moderation by gender. However, women participated in less PA than men and showed a more irregular walking pattern. Higher levels of CAF led to lower PA and poorer gait quality. Our findings suggest that prevention of CAF-related PA avoidance may be particularly important for women, who are less active and at higher risk of falls.
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17
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Deshayes M, Corrion K, Zory R, Guérin O, Chorin F, d'Arripe-Longueville F. Relationship between personality and physical capacities in older adults: The mediating role of subjective age, aging attitudes and physical self-perceptions. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2021; 95:104417. [PMID: 33882421 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2021.104417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Walking speed and muscular strength are two main markers of health in adulthood. Previous studies have shown that personality traits may predict these two outcomes. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying these relationships. Thus, the present study examined whether personality traits are associated with walking speed and muscular strength through the mediating role of subjective age (how young or old individuals experience themselves to be), attitudes toward aging and physical self-perceptions. Community-dwelling older women (N = 243; Mage = 73.0; SDage = 6.5) were recruited. For reasons of recruitment feasibility, participants were only older women. They were requested to complete a questionnaire measuring personality, subjective age, attitudes toward aging and physical self-perceptions. Following this, their walking speed and their muscular strength were investigated. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. In line with the literature, we extended the associations between extraversion, neuroticism, conscientiousness and walking speed and between conscientiousness, neuroticism, openness and muscular strength. Physical self-perceptions appear to be a robust mediator between personality traits and walking speed whereas attitudes toward aging and subjective age mediated the personality traits/muscular strength relationship. This study provides evidence, for the first time, that the associations between personality traits and physical capacities are different according to the physical capacities investigated. Based on these results, it could be interesting to adapt physical activity interventions to the psychological profile of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Deshayes
- UNIV. NIMES, APSY-V, F-30021 Nîmes Cedex 1, France; Université Côte d'Azur, CHU, Cimiez, Plateforme fragilité, 06000 Nice, France.
| | | | - Raphaël Zory
- Université Côte d'Azur, Lamhess, France; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | - Olivier Guérin
- Université Côte d'Azur, CHU, Cimiez, Plateforme fragilité, 06000 Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, IRCAN, Nice, France
| | - Frédéric Chorin
- Université Côte d'Azur, CHU, Cimiez, Plateforme fragilité, 06000 Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Lamhess, France
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18
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van der Kruk E, Silverman AK, Reilly P, Bull AMJ. Compensation due to age-related decline in sit-to-stand and sit-to-walk. J Biomech 2021; 122:110411. [PMID: 33915476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Capacity is the physiological ability of the neuromusculoskeletal systems; this declines with age. This decline in capacity may result in the inability to stand up (sit-to-stand, sit-to-walk), which is an important movement for independent living. Compensation, as a result of functional redundancy, is key in understanding how much age-related decline can be tolerated before movement limitations arise. Yet, this topic has been underexposed in the biomechanics literature. The purpose of this systematic review was to approach the literature on sit-to-stand and sit-to-walk studies from the perspective of compensation and create an overview of our current understanding of compensation in standing up, identifying the limitations and providing future recommendations. A literature search was performed, using the keywords and their synonyms: strateg*(approach, technique, way)AND, sit-to-walk OR sit-to-stand OR rise (raise, arise, stand, stand-up) AND chair (seat). Inclusion criteria: full articles on biomechanics or motor control on sit-to-stand or sit-to-walk in healthy adults (<60y), healthy or frail elderly adults (>60y), and adults with osteoarthritis. The results show that the experimental set-ups and musculoskeletal models in STS and STW studies generally exclude compensation by using restricted protocols and simplifications. Moreover, factors are mostly analysed in isolation, excluding confounding causes within capacity and/or movement objectives which limits the generalization of the results. Future studies in the standing up task should consider to (1) determine the effect of varying arm push-off strategies, (2) focus on sit-to-walk, (3) determine the biomechanical implications of asymmetry, and (4)incorporate assessments of physical capacity as well as changes in psychological priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline van der Kruk
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Anne K Silverman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, USA.
| | - Peter Reilly
- Department of Orthopaedics, Imperial College Healthcare, London UK.
| | - Anthony M J Bull
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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19
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Applying Social Cognition Models to Explain Walking Duration in Older Adults: The Role of Intrinsic Motivation. J Aging Phys Act 2021; 29:744-752. [PMID: 33567407 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2020-0296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the applicability of the health action process approach (HAPA) to walking duration in older adults and the added value of extending the HAPA by intrinsic motivation. Self-reports from older adults (N = 309; Mage = 78.7, 70-95 years) regarding activity-related intrinsic motivation and HAPA variables were collected at the baseline of a fall prevention intervention study. Walking duration at ≥3 metabolic equivalents of task was measured for 7 days via body-worn accelerometers. Two structural equation models with walking duration as a manifest outcome were specified. In both models, the model fit was acceptable, but intention and planning were not associated with walking duration. Intrinsic motivation was significantly related to most HAPA variables and walking duration. Variance explained for walking duration was R2 = .14 in the HAPA and R2 = .17 in the extended model. For explaining older adults' walking duration, intrinsic motivation, but not HAPA-based intention and planning, seemed to be important.
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20
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Billot M, Calvani R, Urtamo A, Sánchez-Sánchez JL, Ciccolari-Micaldi C, Chang M, Roller-Wirnsberger R, Wirnsberger G, Sinclair A, Vaquero-Pinto N, Jyväkorpi S, Öhman H, Strandberg T, Schols JMGA, Schols AMWJ, Smeets N, Topinkova E, Michalkova H, Bonfigli AR, Lattanzio F, Rodríguez-Mañas L, Coelho-Júnior H, Broccatelli M, D'Elia ME, Biscotti D, Marzetti E, Freiberger E. Preserving Mobility in Older Adults with Physical Frailty and Sarcopenia: Opportunities, Challenges, and Recommendations for Physical Activity Interventions. Clin Interv Aging 2020; 15:1675-1690. [PMID: 32982201 PMCID: PMC7508031 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s253535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most widely conserved hallmarks of aging is a decline in functional capabilities. Mobility loss is particularly burdensome due to its association with negative health outcomes, loss of independence and disability, and the heavy impact on quality of life. Recently, a new condition, physical frailty and sarcopenia, has been proposed to define a critical stage in the disabling cascade. Physical frailty and sarcopenia are characterized by weakness, slowness, and reduced muscle mass, yet with preserved ability to move independently. One of the strategies that have shown some benefits in combatting mobility loss and its consequences for older adults is physical activity. Here, we describe the opportunities and challenges for the development of physical activity interventions in people with physical frailty and sarcopenia. The aim of this article is to review age-related physio(patho)logical changes that impact mobility in old age and to provide recommendations and procedures in accordance with the available literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Billot
- Clinical Gerontology, University Hospital of Limoges, Limoges, France.,PRISMATICS (Predictive Research in Spine/Neurostimulation Management and Thoracic Innovation in Cardiac Surgery), Poitiers University Hospital, Poitiers, France
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Annele Urtamo
- University of Helsinki, Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Unit of Primary Health Care, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Milan Chang
- Faculty of Health Promotion, Sports and Leisure Studies, School of Education, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.,The Icelandic Gerontological Research Center, Landspitali University Hospital and University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Gerhard Wirnsberger
- Medical University of Graz, Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Graz, Austria
| | - Alan Sinclair
- Foundation for Diabetes Research in Older People, Diabetes Frail Ltd., Luton, UK
| | | | - Satu Jyväkorpi
- University of Helsinki, Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Unit of Primary Health Care, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Öhman
- University of Helsinki, Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Unit of Primary Health Care, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Strandberg
- University of Helsinki, Clinicum, Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki University Hospital, Medicine and Rehabilitation, Helsinki, Finland.,University of Oulu, Center for Life Course Health Research, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jos M G A Schols
- Department of Health Services Research, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Annemie M W J Schols
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nick Smeets
- Department of Health & Fitness, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Topinkova
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Michalkova
- Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, South Bohemian University, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Maria Elena D'Elia
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Damiano Biscotti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Ellen Freiberger
- Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nürnberg, Germany
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21
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Freitas RM, Ribeiro KF, Barbosa JDS, Gomes CDS, Deshpande N, Guerra RO. Validity and reliability of the Brazilian activities-specific balance confidence scale and determinants of balance confidence in community-dwelling older adults. Physiother Theory Pract 2020; 38:345-354. [PMID: 32293216 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2020.1747122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale is the most used tool to quantify balance confidence, a psychological factor related to balance impairment among older adults. Objective: To investigate the validity and reliability of the original and short versions of the Brazilian Activities-specific Balance Confidence scales, to determine cutoff points for balance impairments and to identify the determinants of balance confidence of community-dwelling older adults.Methods: The validity of both versions of the scales was verified by correlating its results with postural balance, fear of falling and mobility (n = 105). Both scales were administered with a 30 min (interrater reliability, n = 158) and 1-week intervals (intrarater reliability, n = 105). Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the cutoff points, and linear regression was applied to identify the determinants of balance confidence.Results: The Brazilian versions of the scale correlated to postural balance, fear of falling and mobility (p < .05). Excellent interrater (α = 0.946, 95% CI: 0.902-0.976; α = 0.932, 95% CI: 0.918-0.960) and intrarater reliability (α = 0.946, 95% CI: 0.905-0.960; α = 0.952, 95% CI: 0.921-0.965) were found for the original and short versions. Values of ≤67% (sensitivity: 81%, specificity: 77.4%) and ≤44% (sensitivity: 87.5%, specificity: 82.1%) were observed to identify balance impairments for the original and short versions of the scale. Physical inactivity, fear of falling, imbalance sensation, and number of falls are the main determinants of balance confidence.Conclusion: Both scales are valid and reliable to assess balance confidence. Cutoff points to identify balance impairments were determined and some factors may act as possible predictors of balance confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raysa Medeiros Freitas
- Post-Graduation Program of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande Do Norte, Brazil
| | - Karyna Figueiredo Ribeiro
- Post-Graduation Program of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande Do Norte, Brazil
| | | | - Cristiano Dos Santos Gomes
- Post-Graduation Program of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande Do Norte, Brazil
| | - Nandini Deshpande
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Ricardo Oliveira Guerra
- Post-Graduation Program of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande Do Norte, Brazil.,Post-Graduation Program of Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande Do Norte, Brazil
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22
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Amesberger G, Finkenzeller T, Müller E, Würth S. Aging-related changes in the relationship between the physical self-concept and the physical fitness in elderly individuals. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2019; 29 Suppl 1:26-34. [PMID: 30667568 PMCID: PMC6850752 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The paper focuses on long‐term changes in parameters of self‐perception (ie, physical self‐concept, self‐esteem, and self‐efficacy), physical activity, and its relationship to physical fitness of healthy and active old adults. The sample of 22 physically active and healthy elderly (age Mt1 = 66.00) originates in an earlier skiing intervention study following a longitudinal study design with four time points of measurement over a period of 6 years. Self‐reports on physical self‐concept (PSK), general self‐esteem and self‐efficacy, and an activity index were assessed and compared to physical fitness data (VO2max and muscle strength). Significant time effects (over 6 years) were obtained with respect to global physical self‐concept, endurance (PSK), and VO2max. Muscle strength turned out to be stable over time. The positive correlations between VO2max and the corresponding self‐concept evaluation of endurance abilities diminished across the 6 years. Self‐esteem correlated with the PSK scales and VO2max. In contrast to our expectation, self‐esteem, self‐efficacy, and activity level hardly predicted changes in the PSK scales, VO2max, and physical strength. Although VO2max and some parameters of the physical self‐concept declined over the 6 years, results indicate that physical self‐concept, self‐esteem, self‐efficacy, physical fitness, and physical activity display a complex pattern. The decrease in self‐perception measured by the correlation of PSK and physical fitness suggests that self‐concept of old adults is not sensitive to changes in physical fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Günter Amesberger
- Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology, University of Salzburg, Hallein, Austria
| | - Thomas Finkenzeller
- Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology, University of Salzburg, Hallein, Austria
| | - Erich Müller
- Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology, University of Salzburg, Hallein, Austria
| | - Sabine Würth
- Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology, University of Salzburg, Hallein, Austria
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23
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Pinzón-Pulido S, Padial-Espinosa M, López-Samaniego L, Navarro-Matillas B, San Juan-Lozano P, Espinosa-Almendro JM, Ruiz-Fernández J, Garrido-Peña F. Creation Process of the Digital Platform to Foster Healthy and Active Aging: enbuenaedad. Front Public Health 2019; 7:22. [PMID: 30838194 PMCID: PMC6389829 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2019.00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Andalusia is a region in the south of Spain with 8,4 million inhabitants of which 1,3 million are over 65 years old. Andalusia has been recognized as Reference Site by the European Commission within the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Aging. The Regional Ministry of Health of Andalusia has put in place strategies to promote healthy and active aging. One of these strategies is enbuenaedad, a digital platform which main aim is to foster active and healthy aging. The target audience is people over 55 years old, caregivers of older adults, as well as health and other key professionals who work with this population. Content sections are inspired in the three pillars of the World Health Organization (WHO) policy framework for active and healthy aging: health, participation, and security, but introducing an additional one which is lifelong learning. One of the strengths of this platform is the creation process. Using a co-thinking design, all target groups get voice under the umbrella of empathy and are empowered by providing support, training, knowledge, and best practices. For its development, dissemination, maintenance, and improvement, the project advocates the unavoidable participation of key stakeholders representing all sectors involved: The Senior Council of Andalusia; Primary Health Care professionals; local authorities; Guadalinfo agents; Permanent Adult Education; and Active Participation Centers. Quantitative and qualitative data obtained within the process support this project. Since its launching, 10,779 users have registered to the platform with more than 157,000 visits. Focusing on WHO four pillars on active and healthy aging Enbuenaedad is based on, preliminary results show effectiveness regarding participation and social interaction. Furthermore, achieving high participation coverage is a necessary but not sufficient input to the provision of adequate approach to older people. More comprehensive evaluation of the four pillars must be taken to ensure a holistic approach. A challenge is a cooperation between three traditionally independent sectors, cooperative work between health, social services, and education is crucial for the future sustainability of this intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Francisco Garrido-Peña
- Department of Criminal Law, Law Philosophy, Moral Philosophy and Philosophy, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
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24
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Tanabe S, Saitoh E, Koyama S, Kiyono K, Tatemoto T, Kumazawa N, Kagaya H, Otaka Y, Mukaino M, Tsuzuki A, Ota H, Hirano S, Kanada Y. Designing a robotic smart home for everyone, especially the elderly and people with disabilities. FUJITA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2019; 5:31-35. [PMID: 35111498 PMCID: PMC8766226 DOI: 10.20407/fmj.2018-009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We initiated the Robotic Smart Home (RSH) project to develop a comfortable, safe home environment for all people, including the elderly and individuals with disabilities. An important consideration when introducing robots into a home environment is the confined living space, the so-called space problem. The RSH project plans to simultaneously develop robots and an architectural design for living spaces to create an optimal home environment that will help elderly people live independently at home for longer periods. The RSH accommodates the following three robotics and assistive systems: mobility and transfer assist system, operational assist system, and information assist system. The mobility and transfer assist system includes three types of devices (lifting type, lateral-transfer type, and suspension type), which can be available to users as appropriate according to the severity of their disability. The operational assist system combines a hand robot with an environmental control system for the convenience of users. An information assist system connects the RSH with remote locations for communication. Inside the RSH, a home automation and monitoring system connected to the Internet of Things provides residents with comfort and security. As part of this project, two RSH centers have been established for effective facility adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeo Tanabe
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Eiichi Saitoh
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine I, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Soichiro Koyama
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kei Kiyono
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Tatemoto
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Kumazawa
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kagaya
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine I, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yohei Otaka
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine I, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masahiko Mukaino
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine I, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Akira Tsuzuki
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Ota
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hirano
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine I, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yoshikiyo Kanada
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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25
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Qi M, Moyle W, Jones C, Weeks B. Tai Chi Combined With Resistance Training for Adults Aged 50 Years and Older: A Systematic Review. J Geriatr Phys Ther 2018; 43:32-41. [PMID: 30531200 DOI: 10.1519/jpt.0000000000000218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Despite Tai Chi and resistance training being recommended as suitable exercise for older adults, there are no systematic reviews synthesizing the effectiveness of a combination of Tai Chi and resistance training on health promotion of older adults. This study aimed to review the existing literature regarding the effect of Tai Chi and resistance training on physical health, mental health, pain, health-related quality of life, and age-related impairment in adults aged 50 years and older. METHODS A systematic review was conducted to report the health outcomes of Tai Chi combined with resistance training research in adults aged 50 years and older. Articles were identified by searching PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), and the Cochrane library using search terms representing "Tai Chi" and "resistance" and "older adults." Quantitative experimental studies with participants aged 50 years and older, where one of the interventions was Tai Chi and resistance training, were included. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The literature search yielded 648 articles from which 7 met the inclusion criteria. Collectively, the studies involved 703 participants aged 50 years and older, including healthy older adults, older adults with history of falls, postmenopausal women, and people diagnosed with end-stage hip osteoarthritis. Studies included different Tai Chi forms in combination with various types of resistance training. Training sessions were 2 to 7.5 h/wk and lasted between 12 weeks and 12 months. After long-term Tai Chi and resistance training, the participants showed significant improvement in upper and lower extremity muscle strength, aerobic endurance, balance, and mobility. However, 1 study failed to show improvement in Functional Movement Screening compared with traditional Tai Chi and nonexercise groups. No study examined the effects of Tai Chi and resistance training on health-related quality of life, fear of falling, or mental health in adults aged 50 years and older. CONCLUSIONS The review supports that Tai Chi in combination with resistance training improves physical function and muscle strength in adults aged 50 years and older.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Qi
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
| | - Wendy Moyle
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
| | - Cindy Jones
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
| | - Benjamin Weeks
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia.,School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
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