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Ren M, Tan B, Xu J, Yang Z, Zheng H, Tang Q, Zhang X, Wang W. Priming methods affected deterioration speed of primed rice seeds by regulating reactive oxygen species accumulation, seed respiration and starch degradation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1267103. [PMID: 37868303 PMCID: PMC10586809 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1267103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Seed priming is a pre-sowing seed treatment that is beneficial for rice seed germination and seedling growth, but the reduced seed longevity after seed priming greatly limited its adoption. The deterioration of primed seeds showed large differences among different studies, and the priming method might play an important role in regulating the deterioration speed of primed seeds. However, whether and how the priming method affected the deterioration of primed rice seeds during storage remains unknown. Methods In this study, two typical seed priming methods, namely hydropriming (HP) and osmopriming (PEG) were compared under artificially accelerated aging conditions, the changes in germination performance, starch metabolism, seed respiration and reactive oxygen species accumulation before and after accelerated aging were determined. Results and discussion Hydroprimed rice seeds exhibited significantly faster deterioration speed than that of PEG-primed seeds in terms of germination speed and percentage. Meanwhile, α-amylase activity and total soluble sugar content in hydroprimed seeds were reduced by 19.3% and 10.0% respectively after aging, as compared with PEG-primed seeds. Such effects were strongly associated with the increased reactive oxygen generation and lipid peroxidation, as the content of superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde in hydroprimed seeds were 4.4%, 12.3% and 13.7% higher than those in PEG-primed seeds after aging, such effect could be attributed to the increased respiratory metabolism in hydroprimed seeds. In addition, the simultaneous use of N-acetylcysteine with HP and PEG priming greatly inhibited the deterioration of primed rice seeds, suggesting that the ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species may be the key factor affecting the speed of deterioration in primed rice seeds during storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muyao Ren
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Biao Tan
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiayi Xu
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhengpeng Yang
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Huabin Zheng
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiyuan Tang
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Rice Research Institute of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Nanning, China
| | - Weiqin Wang
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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Liu C, Li C, Bing H, Zhao J, Li L, Sun P, Li T, Du D, Zhao J, Wang X, Xiang W. Integrated Physiological, Transcriptomic, and Metabolomic Analysis Reveals the Mechanism of Guvermectin Promoting Seed Germination in Direct-Seeded Rice under Chilling Stress. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:7348-7358. [PMID: 37129443 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Rice direct seeding technology has been considered as a promising alternative to traditional transplanting because of its advantages in saving labor and water. However, the poor emergence and seedling growth caused by chill stress are the main bottlenecks in wide-scale adoption of direct-seeded rice in Heilongjiang Province, China. Here, we found that natural plant growth regulator guvermectin (GV) effectively improved rice seed germination and seedling growth under chilling stress. Results from 2 year field trials showed that seed-soaking with GV not only enhanced the emergence rate and seedling growth but also increased the panicle number per plant and grain number per panicle, resulting in 9.0 and 6.8% increase in the yield of direct-seeded rice, respectively. Integrative physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic assays revealed that GV promoted seed germination under chilling stress mainly by enhancing the activities of α-amylase and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase), increasing the contents of soluble sugar and soluble protein, improving the biosynthesis of glutathione and flavonoids, as well as activating gibberellin-responsive transcription factors and inhibiting the abscisic acid signaling pathway. These findings indicate that seed-soaking with GV has good potential to improve seedling establishment and yield of direct-seeded rice even under chilling stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongxi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Chenxu Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Hui Bing
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Junwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Lei Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Dandan Du
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Junlei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiangjing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Wensheng Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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Zhang H, Zhang X, Gao G, Ali I, Wu X, Tang M, Chen L, Jiang L, Liang T. Effects of various seed priming on morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits of rice under chilling stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1146285. [PMID: 36993861 PMCID: PMC10040639 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1146285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND Direct-seeded rice is exceptionally vulnerable to chilling stress, especially at the seed germination and seedling growth stages in the early season of the double cropping system. METHODS Therefore, we conducted two experiments to evaluate the role of various seed primings and their different concentrations of plant growth regulators [experiment 1-abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin (GA3), salicylic acid (SA), brassinolide (BR), paclobutrazol, uniconazole (UN), melatonin (MT), and jasmonic acid (JA)] and osmopriming substances (chitosan, polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), and CaCl2) and experiment 2-GA, BR (two best), CaCl2 (worst), and control (CK)] on rice seedlings under low temperature condition. RESULTS Results showed that the maximum germination rate of 98% was recorded in GA3 (10 mgL-1) and BR (0.3 mgL-1) among treatments. Compared to CK, root and shoot length were improved in ABA (0.5 mgL-1) and GA3 (100 mgL-1) by 64% and 68%, respectively. At the same time, root and shoot weights (fresh and dry) were enhanced in Paclobutrazol (300 mgL-1) and GA3 among treatments. Furthermore, the average root volume, average root diameter, and total root surface area were increased by 27%, 38%, and 33% in Paclobutrazol (300 mgL-1), Paclobutrazol (200 mgL-1) and JA (1 mgL-1) treatments, respectively compared to CK. In the second experiment, a respective increase of 26%, 19%, 38%, and 59% was noted in SOD, POD, CAT, and APX enzyme activities in GA treatment compared to CK. Similarly, proline, soluble sugar, soluble protein, and GA content were also improved by 42%, 25.74%, 27%, and 19%, respectively, in GA treatment compared to CK. However, a respective reduction of 21% and 18% was noted in MDA and ABA content in GA treatment compared to CK. Our finding highlighted that better germination of primed-rice seedlings was associated with fresh and dry weights of the roots and shoots and the average root volume of the seedlings. DISCUSSION Our results suggested that GA3 (10 mg L-1) and BR (0.3 mg L-1) seed priming prevent rice seedlings from chilling-induced oxidative stress by regulating antioxidant enzyme activities and maintaining ABA, GA, MDA, soluble sugar, and protein content. However, further studies (transcriptome and proteome) are needed to explore the molecular mechanisms involved in seed priming-induced chilling tolerance under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Nanning, China
| | - Guoqing Gao
- Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Nanning, China
| | - Izhar Ali
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Maoyan Tang
- Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Nanning, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Nanning, China
| | - Ligeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Tianfeng Liang
- Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Nanning, China
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Growth changes of tomato seedlings responding to sodium salt of α-naphthalene acetic acid and potassium salt of fulvic acid. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4024. [PMID: 36899076 PMCID: PMC10006168 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31023-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In present study, sodium salt of α-naphthalene acetic acid (NA), potassium salt of fulvic acid (KF) and their combinations were applied to the growth substrates of tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under chilling stress. The changes in aboveground biomass, root attributes, pigment contents, chlorophyll fluorescence, photosynthesis, osmotic regulation substances, and antioxidant enzymes activity of the tomato seedlings in response to NA and KF were investigated. The application of NA, KF and their combination could promote the growth of plant height and stem diameter of tomato seedlings under chilling stress to varying degrees, and improve root characteristics by increasing root volume, root length and root activity, and increase dry matter accumulation. In addition, the combined use of NA and KF improved the seedling leaf chlorophyll content, qP, Fv/Fm, ΦPSII , Pn and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the tomato plants. The above results suggested a synergistic effect between NA and KF to stimulate the seedlings growth and to enhance the ROS scavenging ability of tomato, which has never been reported in previous research before. However, further researches are needed to explore the physiological and molecular mechanism underlying the synergistic effect between NA and KF.
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Liu C, Yao Z, Jiang B, Yu W, Wang Y, Dong W, Li Y, Shi X, Liu C, Zhou Y. Effects of Exogenous Auxin on Mesocotyl Elongation of Sorghum. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:944. [PMID: 36840291 PMCID: PMC9959298 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The length of sorghum mesocotyl plays a vital role in seed emergence from the soil, which is the foundation of healthy growth. In this study, we aimed to understand how exogenous auxin (IAA) promoted mesocotyl elongation of sorghum and its physiology mechanism. The results presented that exogenous IAA significantly promoted mesocotyl elongation in MS24B (short mesocotyl inbred line) by increasing the cell length, while with extra exogenous NPA (IAA inhibitor) application, the mesocotyl length presented a significant short phenotype. In Z210 (long mesocotyl inbred line), exogenous IAA had a slight effect on mesocotyl length elongation, while the NPA treatment decreased the mesocotyl length considerably. In MS24B, IAA treatment increased the activity of amylase to degrade starch to soluble sugar, and the activity of hexokinase was improved to consume the increased soluble sugar to offer more energy. The energy will help to increase the activity of PM H+-ATPase and the expression of expansin-related genes, which ultimately will promote the acidification of the plasma membrane in MS24B for cell elongation. Overall, the exogenous IAA functioned on the activation of energy metabolism, which in turn, inducted the acidification of the plasma membrane for mesocotyl elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Ziqing Yao
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Bing Jiang
- Jinzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinzhou 121006, China
| | - Wenbo Yu
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Wenhui Dong
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yutong Li
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xiaolong Shi
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Chunjuan Liu
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yufei Zhou
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang 110866, China
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Orzechowski S, Compart J, Zdunek-Zastocka E, Fettke J. Starch parameters and short-term temperature fluctuations - Important but not yet in focus? JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 280:153902. [PMID: 36565529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plants are regularly challenged by unfavorable environmental conditions. As climate change continues, adverse situations such as drought, heat, and cold are expected to increase and become more severe. Most starchy crops are affected by such stresses. In recent years, researchers have made many new discoveries about starch metabolism in general and also on granule structure, including effects on starch following longer-term temperature stresses. However, in this study, we focus on short-term temperature stress on storage starch granule properties. Here our knowledge is less and it is likely that also short-term temperature stresses can affect various starch parameters. Therefore, we see a need for this type of analysis and discuss the matter in more detail and we conclude that a deeper knowledge particularly of starch granule parameters could allow targeted breeding of cultivars that exhibit different starch characteristics as a result of short-term stress. For these reasons, we are convinced that more comprehensive research on the effects of short-term temperature stress on starch granule characteristics is important, necessary, and timely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sławomir Orzechowski
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Julia Compart
- Biopolymer Analytics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Building 20, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Edyta Zdunek-Zastocka
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joerg Fettke
- Biopolymer Analytics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Building 20, Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
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