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Valdés-Varela L, Gueimonde M, Ruas-Madiedo P. Probiotics for Prevention and Treatment of Clostridium difficile Infection. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1435:101-116. [PMID: 38175473 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-42108-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Probiotics have been claimed as a valuable tool to restore the balance in the intestinal microbiota following a dysbiosis caused by, among other factors, antibiotic therapy. This perturbed environment could favor the overgrowth of Clostridium difficile, and in fact, the occurrence of C. difficile-associated infections (CDI) is increasing in recent years. In spite of the high number of probiotics able to in vitro inhibit the growth and/or toxicity of this pathogen, its application for treatment or prevention of CDI is still scarce since there are not enough well-defined clinical studies supporting efficacy. Only a few strains, such as Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Saccharomyces boulardii, have been studied in more extent. The increasing knowledge about the probiotic mechanisms of action against C. difficile, some of them reviewed here, makes promising the application of these live biotherapeutic agents against CDI. Nevertheless, more effort must be paid to standardize the clinical studies conducted to evaluate probiotic products, in combination with antibiotics, in order to select the best candidate for C. difficile infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Valdés-Varela
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lacteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
| | - Miguel Gueimonde
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lacteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
| | - Patricia Ruas-Madiedo
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lacteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain.
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2
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Yalçin GT, Tosun MN, Demirel Zorba NN. In-vitro determination of inhibitory effects of probiotic strains on Clostridioides difficile. Anaerobe 2023; 81:102737. [PMID: 37217116 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Commercial probiotic strains inhibited C. difficile, and other Clostridium cultures with zones 14.2-78.9 mm. The highest inhibition was observed with commercial culture on C. difficile ATCC 700057. Organic acids were the leading cause of inhibition. Probiotic cultures may be used as a support culture or through fermented foods for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Taylan Yalçin
- Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Engineering Faculty Food Engineering, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Melike Nur Tosun
- Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Engineering Faculty Food Engineering, Canakkale, Turkey.
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3
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Koduru L, Lakshmanan M, Lee YQ, Ho PL, Lim PY, Ler WX, Ng SK, Kim D, Park DS, Banu M, Ow DSW, Lee DY. Systematic evaluation of genome-wide metabolic landscapes in lactic acid bacteria reveals diet- and strain-specific probiotic idiosyncrasies. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111735. [PMID: 36476869 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are well known to elicit health benefits in humans, but their functional metabolic landscapes remain unexplored. Here, we analyze differences in growth, intestinal persistence, and postbiotic biosynthesis of six representative LAB and their interactions with 15 gut bacteria under 11 dietary regimes by combining multi-omics and in silico modeling. We confirmed predictions on short-term persistence of LAB and their interactions with commensals using cecal microbiome abundance and spent-medium experiments. Our analyses indicate that probiotic attributes are both diet and species specific and cannot be solely explained using genomics. For example, although both Lacticaseibacillus casei and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum encode similarly sized genomes with diverse capabilities, L. casei exhibits a more desirable phenotype. In addition, "high-fat/low-carb" diets more likely lead to detrimental outcomes for most LAB. Collectively, our results highlight that probiotics are not "one size fits all" health supplements and lay the foundation for personalized probiotic design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokanand Koduru
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Meiyappan Lakshmanan
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01, Centros, Singapore 138668, Singapore
| | - Yi Qing Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Pooi-Leng Ho
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01, Centros, Singapore 138668, Singapore
| | - Pei-Yu Lim
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01, Centros, Singapore 138668, Singapore
| | - Wei Xuan Ler
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01, Centros, Singapore 138668, Singapore
| | - Say Kong Ng
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01, Centros, Singapore 138668, Singapore
| | - Dongseok Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo-Sang Park
- Korean Collection for Type Cultures (KCTC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 181 Ipsin-gil, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Mazlina Banu
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01, Centros, Singapore 138668, Singapore
| | - Dave Siak Wei Ow
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01, Centros, Singapore 138668, Singapore.
| | - Dong-Yup Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Reduction of Pathogens in Feces and Lymph Nodes Collected from Beef Cattle Fed Lactobacillus salivarius (L28), Lactobacillus acidophilus (NP51) and Propionibacterium freudenreichii (NP28), Commercially Available Direct-Fed Microbials. Foods 2022; 11:foods11233834. [PMID: 36496642 PMCID: PMC9739559 DOI: 10.3390/foods11233834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the prevalence and concentration of foodborne pathogens in the feces and peripheral lymph nodes (PLNs) of beef cattle when supplemented with direct-fed microbials (DFMs) in feedlots. Fecal samples were collected from the pen floors over a 5-month period at three different feedlots in a similar geographical location in Nebraska, where each feed yard represented a treatment group: (i.) control: no supplement, (ii.) Bovamine Defend: supplemented with NP51 and NP24 at a target dose of 9 log10CFU/g/head/day, and (iii.) Probicon: supplemented with L28 at a target dose of 6 log10CFU/g/head/day. Each fecal sample was tested for the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella, and concentration of E. coli O157:H7, Enterobacteriaceae and Clostridium perfringens. Cattle were harvested and PLNs were collected on the harvest floor. Real-time Salmonella PCR assays were performed for each PLN sample to determine Salmonella presence. The cattle supplemented with both DFMs had reduced foodborne pathogens in fecal samples, but feces collected from the pens housing the cattle supplemented with Probicon consistently had significantly less E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella prevalence as well as a lower C. perfringens concentration. While DFMs do not eliminate foodborne pathogens in fecal shedding and PLNs, the use of DFMs as a pre-harvest intervention allows for an effective way to target multiple pathogens reducing the public health risks and environmental dissemination from cattle.
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Hamad G, Ombarak RA, Eskander M, Mehany T, Anees FR, Elfayoumy RA, Omar SA, Lorenzo JM, Abou-Alella SAE. Detection and inhibition of Clostridium botulinum in some Egyptian fish products by probiotics cell-free supernatants as bio-preservation agents. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Stankovic M, Veljovic K, Popovic N, Kojic S, Dunjic Manevski S, Radojkovic D, Golic N. Lactobacillus brevis BGZLS10-17 and Lb. plantarum BGPKM22 Exhibit Anti-Inflammatory Effect by Attenuation of NF-κB and MAPK Signaling in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105547. [PMID: 35628361 PMCID: PMC9146699 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchial epithelial cells are exposed to environmental influences, microbiota, and pathogens and also serve as a powerful effector that initiate and propagate inflammation by the release of pro-inflammatory mediators. Recent studies suggested that lung microbiota differ between inflammatory lung diseases and healthy lungs implicating their contribution in the modulation of lung immunity. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are natural inhabitants of healthy human lungs and also possess immunomodulatory effects, but so far, there are no studies investigating their anti-inflammatory potential in respiratory cells. In this study, we investigated immunomodulatory features of 21 natural LAB strains in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). Our results show that several LAB strains reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine genes. We also demonstrated that two LAB strains, Lactobacillus brevis BGZLS10-17 and Lb. plantarum BGPKM22, effectively attenuated LPS-induced nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) nuclear translocation. Moreover, BGZLS10-17 and BGPKM22 reduced the activation of p38, extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK), and c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling cascade resulting in a reduction of pro-inflammatory mediator expressions in BEAS-2B cells. Collectively, the LAB strains BGZLS10-17 and BGPKM22 exhibited anti-inflammatory effects in BEAS-2B cells and could be employed to balance immune response in lungs and replenish diminished lung microbiota in chronic lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Stankovic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.K.); (S.D.M.); (D.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Katarina Veljovic
- Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (K.V.); (N.P.); (N.G.)
| | - Nikola Popovic
- Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (K.V.); (N.P.); (N.G.)
| | - Snezana Kojic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.K.); (S.D.M.); (D.R.)
| | - Sofija Dunjic Manevski
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.K.); (S.D.M.); (D.R.)
| | - Dragica Radojkovic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.K.); (S.D.M.); (D.R.)
| | - Natasa Golic
- Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (K.V.); (N.P.); (N.G.)
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7
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Protective Effects of Novel Lactobacillaceae Strains Isolated from Chicken Caeca against Necrotic Enteritis Infection: In Vitro and In Vivo Evidences. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10010152. [PMID: 35056601 PMCID: PMC8780607 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10010152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to show the benefits of novel lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains isolated from the caeca of healthy chickens. These novel strains, identified as Limosilactobacillus reuteri and Ligilactobacillus salivarius, displayed high levels of lactic acid production, capability of biofilm formation, high aggregation and adhesion scores, and significant survival rates under conditions mimicking the chicken gastrointestinal tract (GIT). In addition, these novel Lactobacillaceae isolates were neither hemolytic nor cytotoxic. In vivo trials were able to establish their ability to reduce necrotic enteritis. Notably, a significant weight gain was registered, on day 10 of treatment, in the group of chickens fed with a mixture of L. reuteri ICVB416 and L. salivarius ICVB430 strains, as compared with the control group. This group has also shown a reduced number of lesions in the gut compared with other infected chicken groups. This study provides in vitro and in vivo evidence supporting the benefits of these novel Lactobacillaceae isolates for their use in poultry livestock as protective cultures to control the bacterial necrotic enteritis (NE) Clostridium perfringens.
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Barroug S, Chaple S, Bourke P. Combination of Natural Compounds With Novel Non-thermal Technologies for Poultry Products: A Review. Front Nutr 2021; 8:628723. [PMID: 34169086 PMCID: PMC8217606 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.628723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ensuring safe, fresh, and healthy food across the shelf life of a commodity is an ongoing challenge, with the driver to minimize chemical additives and their residues in the food processing chain. High-value fresh protein products such as poultry meat are very susceptible to spoilage due to oxidation and bacterial contamination. The combination of non-thermal processing interventions with nature-based alternatives is emerging as a useful tool for potential adoption for safe poultry meat products. Natural compounds are produced by living organisms that are extracted from nature and can be used as antioxidant, antimicrobial, and bioactive agents and are often employed for other existing purposes in food systems. Non-thermal technology interventions such as high-pressure processing, pulsed electric field, ultrasound, irradiation, and cold plasma technology are gaining increasing importance due to the advantages of retaining low temperatures, nutrition profiles, and short treatment times. The non-thermal unit process can act as an initial obstacle promoting the reduction of microflora, while natural compounds can provide an active obstacle either in addition to processing or during storage time to maintain quality and inhibit and control growth of residual contaminants. This review presents the application of natural compounds along with emerging non-thermal technologies to address risks in fresh poultry meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soukaina Barroug
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sonal Chaple
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paula Bourke
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute Global Food Security, The Queens University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
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9
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Popović N, Brdarić E, Đokić J, Dinić M, Veljović K, Golić N, Terzić-Vidojević A. Yogurt Produced by Novel Natural Starter Cultures Improves Gut Epithelial Barrier In Vitro. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1586. [PMID: 33076224 PMCID: PMC7602395 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8101586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Yogurt is a traditional fermented dairy product, prepared with starter cultures containing Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus that has gained widespread consumer acceptance as a healthy food. It is widely accepted that yogurt cultures have been recognized as probiotics, due to their beneficial effects on human health. In this study, we have characterized technological and health-promoting properties of autochthonous strains S. thermophilus BGKMJ1-36 and L. bulgaricus BGVLJ1-21 isolated from artisanal sour milk and yogurt, respectively, in order to be used as functional yogurt starter cultures. Both BGKMJ1-36 and BGVLJ1-21 strains have the ability to form curd after five hours at 42 °C, hydrolyze αs1-, β-, and κ- casein, and to show antimicrobial activity toward Listeria monocytogenes. The strain BGKMJ1-36 produces exopolysaccharides important for rheological properties of the yogurt. The colonies of BGKMJ1-36 and BGVLJ1-21 strains that successfully survived transit of the yogurt through simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions have been tested for adhesion to intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells. The results reveal that both strains adhere to Caco-2 cells and significantly upregulate the expression of autophagy-, tight junction proteins-, and anti-microbial peptides-related genes. Hence, both strains may be interesting for use as a novel functional starter culture for production of added-value yogurt with health-promoting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Amarela Terzić-Vidojević
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (N.P.); (E.B.); (J.Đ.); (M.D.); (K.V.); (N.G.)
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10
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Terzić-Vidojević A, Veljović K, Tolinački M, Živković M, Lukić J, Lozo J, Fira Đ, Jovčić B, Strahinić I, Begović J, Popović N, Miljković M, Kojić M, Topisirović L, Golić N. Diversity of non-starter lactic acid bacteria in autochthonous dairy products from Western Balkan Countries - Technological and probiotic properties. Food Res Int 2020; 136:109494. [PMID: 32846575 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this review was to summarize the data regarding diversity of non-starter lactic acid bacteria (NSLAB) isolated from various artisanal dairy products manufactured in Western Balkan Countries. The dairy products examined were manufactured from raw cow's, sheep's or goat's milk or mixed milk, in the traditional way without the addition of commercial starter cultures. Dairy products such as white brined cheese, fresh cheese, hard cheese, yogurt, sour cream and kajmak were sampled in the households of Serbia, Croatia, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, and North Macedonia. It has been established that the diversity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from raw milk artisanal dairy products is extensive. In the reviewed literature, 28 LAB species and a large number of strains belonging to the Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Pediococcus, Leuconostoc and Weissella genera were isolated from various dairy products. Over 3000 LAB strains were obtained and characterized for their technological and probiotic properties including: acidification and coagulation of milk, production of aromatic compounds, proteolytic activity, bacteriocins production and competitive exclusion of pathogens, production of exopolysaccharides, aggregation ability and immunomodulatory effect. Results show that many of the isolated NSLAB strains had one, two or more of the properties mentioned. The data presented emphasize the importance of artisanal products as a valuable source of NSLAB with unique technological and probiotic features important both as a base for scientific research as well as for designing novel starter cultures for functional dairy food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amarela Terzić-Vidojević
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade 152, Serbia.
| | - Katarina Veljović
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade 152, Serbia
| | - Maja Tolinački
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade 152, Serbia
| | - Milica Živković
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade 152, Serbia
| | - Jovanka Lukić
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade 152, Serbia
| | - Jelena Lozo
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Đorđe Fira
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branko Jovčić
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Strahinić
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade 152, Serbia
| | - Jelena Begović
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade 152, Serbia
| | - Nikola Popović
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade 152, Serbia
| | - Marija Miljković
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade 152, Serbia
| | - Milan Kojić
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade 152, Serbia
| | - Ljubiša Topisirović
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade 152, Serbia
| | - Nataša Golić
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade 152, Serbia
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11
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Hamad GM, Abdelmotilib NM, Darwish AM, Zeitoun AM. Commercial probiotic cell-free supernatants for inhibition of Clostridium perfringens poultry meat infection in Egypt. Anaerobe 2020; 62:102181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2020.102181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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12
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Shanmugasundaram R, Markazi A, Mortada M, Ng TT, Applegate TJ, Bielke LR, Syed B, Pender CM, Curry S, Murugesan GR, Selvaraj RK. Research Note: Effect of synbiotic supplementation on caecal Clostridium perfringens load in broiler chickens with different necrotic enteritis challenge models. Poult Sci 2020; 99:2452-2458. [PMID: 32359580 PMCID: PMC7597401 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.10.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies were conducted to determine the efficacy of synbiotic applications to combat the negative effects of necrotic enteritis (NE). An in vitro study was conducted to test the effect of probiotics species supernatants to decrease Clostridium perfringens (CP) proliferation. Lactobacillus reuteri, Enterococcus faecium, Bifidobacterium animalis, and Pediococcus acidilactici culture supernatants decreased the proliferation of CP at 1:1 supernatant-to-pathogen dilution in vitro. Two in vivo studies were conducted to determine the in vivo response of synbiotic supplementation containing the aforementioned probiotic strains on broiler production performance and caecal CP load in broilers induced with NE infection. In experiment 1, 75 broiler chicks were randomly allotted to 3 treatment groups, control (basal diet), ionophore (Salinomycin), and synbiotic (PoultryStar me), from day of hatch, and NE was induced in all birds. There were no significant treatment effects on BW, feed consumption, and feed gain ratio. However, at 35 D, ionophore or synbiotic supplementation increased (P < 0.05) villi height and decreased interleukin (IL)-1 mRNA abundance, while synbiotic supplementation increased (P < 0.05) IL-10 mRNA abundance compared with the control group, respectively. In experiment 2, 360 broiler chicks were randomly allotted to 3 treatments, an unchallenged negative control (control; basal diet), challenged positive control (NE; basal diet), or NE + synbiotic group (synbiotic). At both 21 and 42 D of age, NE birds had decreased (P < 0.05) BW, feed conversion, and jejunal villi height compared with control, while NE + synbiotic birds were not different from control groups. At 42 D of age, NE birds had 2.2 log/g increased CP in the ceca contents compared with control, while synbiotic birds had CP load that was not different than that of the control group. NE + synbiotic birds had significantly greater amounts of bile anti-CP IgA than the control and NE groups. It can be concluded that synbiotic supplementation decreased CP proliferation in vitro and caecal CP load in vivo while improving production parameters during an NE infection in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Shanmugasundaram
- Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster 44691, USA; Department of Poultry Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA
| | - A Markazi
- Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster 44691, USA
| | - M Mortada
- Department of Poultry Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA
| | - T T Ng
- Department of Poultry Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA
| | - T J Applegate
- Department of Poultry Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA
| | - L R Bielke
- Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster 44691, USA
| | - B Syed
- BIOMIN Holding GmbH, Getzersdorf 3131, Austria
| | - C M Pender
- BIOMIN America Inc., Overland Park 66210, KS, USA
| | - S Curry
- BIOMIN America Inc., Overland Park 66210, KS, USA
| | | | - R K Selvaraj
- Department of Poultry Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA.
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13
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Gaboardi GC, Alves D, Gil de Los Santos D, Xavier E, Nunes AP, Finger P, Griep E, Roll V, Oliveira P, Silva A, Moreira Â, Conceição F. Influence of Pichia pastoris X-33 produced in industrial residues on productive performance, egg quality, immunity, and intestinal morphometry in quails. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15372. [PMID: 31653947 PMCID: PMC6814787 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51908-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted in quails to evaluate the probiotic potential of Pichia pastoris X-33, cultivated in parboiled rice effluent supplemented with biodiesel glycerol or in standard medium Yeast Extract–Peptone–Dextrose (YPD). Forty-days-old female quails were divided into three treatments: T1 (Control) received a basal diet without P. pastoris; T2 (Pichia Effluent) received a basal diet supplemented with P. pastoris grown in parboiled rice effluent and biodiesel glycerol, and T3 (Pichia YPD) received a basal diet supplemented with P. pastoris produced in YPD. The birds were vaccinated against Newcastle Disease (NDV), Avian Infectious Bronchitis (IBV), and Gumboro Disease on days 1 and 28. The following parameters were analyzed: performance, egg quality, humoral immune response to the vaccines, organ weight, and intestinal morphometry. P. pastoris grown in YPD increased egg weight (p < 0.05). The lowest liver weight on day 14 was obtained in Pichia Effluent, whereas both P. pastoris supplemented groups had the lowest duodenum weights on day 14. Besides that, livers and duodenums presented no morphological changes in any of the three treatments. Supplementation of P. pastoris modulated the immune system of the birds, increasing anti-IBV, anti-NDV, and anti-Gumboro antibodies levels compared to the Control (p < 0.05). In conclusion, quail’s immune response was improved by Pichia pastoris X-33, either it was grown in YPD or industrial residues, and the egg weight increased with Pichia pastoris X-33 grown in YPD, thereby demonstrating to be a promising probiotic for poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giana Carla Gaboardi
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
| | - Débora Alves
- Faculdade de Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Xavier
- Faculdade de Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Nunes
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Paula Finger
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Emili Griep
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Victor Roll
- Faculdade de Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Oliveira
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Arthur Silva
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Ângela Moreira
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Fabricio Conceição
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
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14
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Yang J, Yang H. Non-antibiotic therapy for Clostridioides difficile infection: a review. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2019; 56:493-509. [PMID: 31411909 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2019.1648377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a common infectious disease that is mainly caused by antibiotics. Antibiotic therapy is still the dominant treatment for CDI, although it is accompanied by side effects. Probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), engineered microorganisms, bacteriophages, diet, natural active substances, nanoparticles and compounds are examples of emerging non-antibiotic therapies that have received a great amount of attention. In this review, we collected data about different non-antibiotic therapies for CDI and provided a comprehensive analysis and detailed comparison of these therapies. The mechanism of action, therapeutic efficacy, and the strengths and weaknesses of these non-antibiotic therapies have been investigated to provide a basis for the reasonable alternative of non-antibiotic therapies for CDI. In summary, probiotics and FMT are currently the best choice for non-antibiotic therapy for CDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingpeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Hong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
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15
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Yang J, Yang H. Antibacterial Activity of Bifidobacterium breve Against Clostridioides difficile. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:288. [PMID: 31440478 PMCID: PMC6693512 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacterium breve (YH68) is widely used in the fields of food fermentation and biomedicine. In this study, we explored the antibacterial activity of the cell free culture supernatant (CFCS) of YH68 against Clostridioides difficile ATCC 9689 (CD) by measuring multiple indexes, including the growth, spores production, toxin A/B production, and the expression levels of the tcdA and tcdB genes of CD. In addition, we examined the changes in major cellular functional groups, structures, permeability, integrity, and the proton motive force (PMF) of the cytoplasmic membrane. The results showed that double-dilution ratio of YH68-CFCS (3 × 109 CFU/mL) was the MIC value. The cell density, spores production, and the toxin production of CD treated with YH68-CFCS were lower than that of the control (p < 0.05). In addition, the gene expression levels of tcdA and tcdB in CD treated with YH68-CFCS were significant downregulated (p < 0.05). Marked differences were observed in the cell membrane and cell wall by a FT-IR spectroscopy and SEM. Analysis of the cell membrane permeability and integrity of the CD cells revealed that YH68-CFCS induced the leakage of a large amount of intracellular K+, inorganic phosphate, ATP, nucleic acids and proteinaceous substances. Furthermore, PMF analysis indicated that there was a significant change in Δψ and ΔpH. These findings demonstrated that the antibacterial activity of YH68-CFCS against CD involved the inhibition of growth, spore production, toxin production, and virulence genes expression; a consumption of PMF in the cytoplasmic membrane, the formation of pore in the cell membrane, together with the enhanced cell membrane permeability; and, eventually, cell completely disintegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingpeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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16
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Kalakuntla AS, Nalakonda G, Nalakonda K, Pidikiti CV, Aasim SA. Probiotics and Clostridium Difficile: A Review of Dysbiosis and the Rehabilitation of Gut Microbiota. Cureus 2019; 11:e5063. [PMID: 31516774 PMCID: PMC6721914 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.5063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The basis of this paper is to address the use of probiotics as a novel approach to help treat the growing problem of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD), particularly, Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD). Most of the available data regarding probiotics and their usefulness in treating Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) was collected and analyzed. Studies showed the effectiveness of probiotics in treating and also preventing CDI, as well as other gastrointestinal conditions such as Helicobacter pylori infection and inflammatory bowel disease. Probiotics also have, based on limited research, a comparatively minimal adverse effect profile and can aid in faster recovery from disease. Extensive research has been done on two organisms, Lactobacillus and Saccharomyces, but further research into other effective organisms are needed. More clinical trials also need to be conducted to better understand the side effect profile, optimal dosage, drug interactions, and long-term effects on gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish S Kalakuntla
- Gastroenterology, Chalmeda Anand Rao Institute of Medical Sciences, Karimnagar, IND
| | - Gouthami Nalakonda
- Gastroenterology, Chalmeda Anand Rao Institute of Medical Sciences, Karimnagar, IND
| | - Kashyap Nalakonda
- Gastroenterology, Kamineni Academy of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Hyderabad, IND
| | | | - Syed Ali Aasim
- Anaesthesiology, Chalmeda Anand Rao Institute of Medical Sciences, Karimnagar, IND
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17
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Monteiro CRAV, do Carmo MS, Melo BO, Alves MS, Dos Santos CI, Monteiro SG, Bomfim MRQ, Fernandes ES, Monteiro-Neto V. In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity and Probiotic Potential of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus against Species of Clostridium. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020448. [PMID: 30795551 PMCID: PMC6412307 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Many Clostridium species are found as commensal members of the intestinal microbiota. However, imbalances of the microbiota may lead to certain infections caused by these microorganisms, mainly Clostridium butyricum, Clostridium difficile, and Clostridium perfringens. In many cases, infection recurrence can occur after antibiotics, indicating the need for novel therapeutic options that act on the pathogens and also restore the microbiota. Herein, the in vitro antimicrobial activity and probiotic potential of clinical and reference strains of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus were investigated against Clostridium species. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the agar spot test and inhibition of gas production. Then, the probiotic potential of selected strains was assessed by analyzing their coaggregation ability, adhesive properties to host cells and mucin, tolerance to acidic pH and bile salts, and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles. Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 8014 was the most promising strain based on its inhibitory activity against Clostridium spp. Also, this strain met criteria to be considered a probiotic based on its coaggregation ability, adhesive properties, and tolerance to harsh pH and bile acid salt conditions. The results indicate that among the studied strains, L. plantarum ATCC 8014 presents probiotic potential for controlling infections induced by the studied Clostridium species and should be further evaluated in in vivo animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinara R A V Monteiro
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses, campus do Bacanga, São Luís 65065545, MA, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-graduação, Universidade Ceuma, Rua dos Castanheiros No. 1, jardim Renascença II, São Luís 65075120, MA, Brazil.
| | - Monique S do Carmo
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses, campus do Bacanga, São Luís 65065545, MA, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-graduação, Universidade Ceuma, Rua dos Castanheiros No. 1, jardim Renascença II, São Luís 65075120, MA, Brazil.
| | - Bruna O Melo
- Programa de Pós-graduação, Universidade Ceuma, Rua dos Castanheiros No. 1, jardim Renascença II, São Luís 65075120, MA, Brazil.
| | - Matheus S Alves
- Programa de Pós-graduação, Universidade Ceuma, Rua dos Castanheiros No. 1, jardim Renascença II, São Luís 65075120, MA, Brazil.
| | - Camilla I Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação, Universidade Ceuma, Rua dos Castanheiros No. 1, jardim Renascença II, São Luís 65075120, MA, Brazil.
| | - Sílvio G Monteiro
- Programa de Pós-graduação, Universidade Ceuma, Rua dos Castanheiros No. 1, jardim Renascença II, São Luís 65075120, MA, Brazil.
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses, campus do Bacanga, São Luís 65065545, MA, Brazil.
| | - Maria Rosa Q Bomfim
- Programa de Pós-graduação, Universidade Ceuma, Rua dos Castanheiros No. 1, jardim Renascença II, São Luís 65075120, MA, Brazil.
| | - Elizabeth S Fernandes
- Programa de Pós-graduação, Universidade Ceuma, Rua dos Castanheiros No. 1, jardim Renascença II, São Luís 65075120, MA, Brazil.
| | - Valério Monteiro-Neto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses, campus do Bacanga, São Luís 65065545, MA, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-graduação, Universidade Ceuma, Rua dos Castanheiros No. 1, jardim Renascença II, São Luís 65075120, MA, Brazil.
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18
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Yang J, Yang H. Effect of Bifidobacterium breve in Combination With Different Antibiotics on Clostridium difficile. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2953. [PMID: 30564210 PMCID: PMC6288195 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
While combinations of probiotics with antibiotics have exhibited beneficial and adverse effects in the treatment of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), no substantive explanation has been provided for these effects. In this study, C. difficile ATCC 9689 (CD) was treated with Bifidobacterium breve (YH68) in combination with five different antibiotics to explore the effects of the different combinations on C. difficile. Cell-free culture supernatant (CFCS) of YH68 was combined with metronidazole (MTR), vancomycin (VAN), clindamycin (CLI), ceftazidime (CAZ) or ampicillin (AMP) to treat CD. The plate counting method was used to determine the growth and spore production of CD, and cell damage was assessed by the measurement of extracellular ATP levels with a luminescence-based kit. The production of toxin A/B was measured with an ELISA kit. The gene expression levels of tcdA and tcdB in CD were evaluated by real-time qPCR. The CFCS of YH68 (3 × 109 CFU/mL) at 0.25 times the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) (0.25YH68) in combination with the five antibiotics exerted stronger inhibitory effects on the growth and spore production of CD than the same antibiotics in the absence of 0.25YH68, except 0.25YH68&MTR&, 0.25YH68&MTR&CAZ, and 0.25YH68&VAN&CLI. However, treatment with 0.25YH68&VAN, 0.25YH68&, 0.25YH68&MTR&CAZ, 0.25YH68&VAN&CAZ, 0.25YH68&VAN&, and 0.25YH68&CAZ& resulted in increased cell damage. In addition, the different combinations, except 0.25YH68&CLI, 0.25YH68&MTR& and 0.25YH68&VAN&CLI, dramatically reduced the production of toxin A/B in comparison with the effects of the same antibiotics in the absence of 0.25YH68. The gene expression levels of tcdA and tcdB in CD were lowered upon treatment with 0.25YH68 in combination with MTR, CLI, CAZ, MTR&CAZ, MTR&, CLI&CAZ, and CLI&, whereas the levels were enhanced by 0.25YH68 in combination with VAN, AMP, MTR&CLI, VAN&CLI, VAN&, and CAZ&. In summary, YH68 in combination with specific antibiotics could enhance the inhibitory effects of antibiotics against CD. In addition, the antagonistic effects between some antibiotics could be weakened by YH68.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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19
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Zielińska D, Kolożyn-Krajewska D. Food-Origin Lactic Acid Bacteria May Exhibit Probiotic Properties: Review. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:5063185. [PMID: 30402482 PMCID: PMC6191956 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5063185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
One of the most promising areas of development in the human nutritional field over the last two decades has been the use of probiotics and recognition of their role in human health and disease. Lactic acid-producing bacteria are the most commonly used probiotics in foods. It is well known that probiotics have a number of beneficial health effects in humans and animals. They play an important role in the protection of the host against harmful microorganisms and also strengthen the immune system. Some probiotics have also been found to improve feed digestibility and reduce metabolic disorders. They must be safe, acid and bile tolerant, and able to adhere and colonize the intestinal tract. The means by which probiotic bacteria elicit their health effects are not understood fully, but may include competitive exclusion of enteric pathogens, neutralization of dietary carcinogens, production of antimicrobial metabolites, and modulation of mucosal and systemic immune function. So far, lactic acid bacteria isolated only from the human gastrointestinal tract are recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and World Health Organization (WHO) for use as probiotics by humans. However, more and more studies suggest that strains considered to be probiotics could be isolated from fermented products of animal origin, as well as from non-dairy fermented products. Traditional fermented products are a rich source of microorganisms, some of which may exhibit probiotic properties. They conform to the FAO/WHO recommendation, with one exception; they have not been isolated from human gastrointestinal tract. In light of extensive new scientific evidence, should the possibility of changing the current FAO/WHO requirements for the definition of probiotic bacteria be considered?
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Zielińska
- Department of Food Gastronomy and Food Hygiene, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Danuta Kolożyn-Krajewska
- Department of Food Gastronomy and Food Hygiene, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
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20
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Probiotics for Prevention and Treatment of Clostridium difficile Infection. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1050:161-176. [PMID: 29383669 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72799-8_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics have been claimed as a valuable tool to restore the balance in the intestinal microbiota following a dysbiosis caused by, among other factors, antibiotic therapy. This perturbed environment could favor the overgrowth of Clostridium difficile and, in fact, the occurrence of C. difficile-associated infections (CDI) is being increasing in recent years. In spite of the high number of probiotics able to in vitro inhibit the growth and/or toxicity of this pathogen, its application for treatment or prevention of CDI is still scarce since there are not enough well-defined clinical studies supporting efficacy. Only a few strains, such as Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Saccharomyces boulardii have been studied in more extent. The increasing knowledge about the probiotic mechanisms of action against C. difficile, some of them reviewed here, makes promising the application of these live biotherapeutic agents against CDI. Nevertheless, more effort must be paid to standardize the clinical studied conducted to evaluate probiotic products, in combination with antibiotics, in order to select the best candidate for C. difficile infections.
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21
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Veljović K, Dinić M, Lukić J, Mihajlović S, Tolinački M, Živković M, Begović J, Mrvaljević I, Golić N, Terzić-Vidojević A. Promotion of Early Gut Colonization by Probiotic Intervention on Microbiota Diversity in Pregnant Sows. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2028. [PMID: 29104563 PMCID: PMC5654949 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to design a novel mixed probiotic culture for piglets and to evaluate its beneficial effect on the piglets' gut health. The possible mechanisms of probiotic activity, such as adhesion, competitive pathogen exclusion and influence on gut microbiota diversity were determined. Mixed probiotic starter culture is composed of three thermophilic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains: Lactobacillus helveticus BGRA43, Lactobacillus fermentum BGHI14 and Streptococcus thermophilus BGVLJ1-44. The strains BGVLJ1-44 and BGRA43 showed good technological properties (fast milk curdling, strong proteolytic activity). In addition, the strain BGVLJ1-44 produces exopolysaccharide (EPS), BGHI14 is heterofermentative LAB strain with significant immunomodulatory effect, while the strain BGRA43 showed strong antimicrobial activity against different pathogens and exhibited significantly higher level of adhesion to Caco-2 cells comparing to other two strains. Both lactobacilli strains BGRA43 and BGHI14 (p < 0.05), as well as probiotic combination (p < 0.01) significantly reduced the adhesion of Escherichia coli ATCC25922 to Caco-2 cells, while the strains BGVLJ1-44 (p < 0.01) and BGRA43 (p < 0.05) significantly reduced adhesion of Salmonella 654/7E (veterinary isolate). The results of farm trial revealed that treatment of sows with new fermented dairy probiotic influenced the piglets' gut colonization with beneficial bacteria and reduced the number of enterobacteriaceae in litters from some treated sows (no significant due to high variability among animals). Finally, this is the first study reporting that the treatment of sows with probiotic combination resulted in the improved microbiota diversity in neonatal piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Veljović
- Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miroslav Dinić
- Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Centre for Development and Production, Veterinary Station “Koker”, Adaševci, Serbia
| | - Jovanka Lukić
- Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Mihajlović
- Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Tolinački
- Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Živković
- Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Begović
- Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Igor Mrvaljević
- Centre for Development and Production, Veterinary Station “Koker”, Adaševci, Serbia
| | - Nataša Golić
- Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Amarela Terzić-Vidojević
- Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Shonyela SM, Wang G, Yang W, Yang G, Wang C. New Progress regarding the Use of Lactic Acid Bacteria as Live Delivery Vectors, Treatment of Diseases and Induction of Immune Responses in Different Host Species Focusing on <i>Lactobacillus</i> Species. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.4236/wjv.2017.74004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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