Feeling matters: perceived social support moderates the relationship between personal relative deprivation and depressive symptoms

Relationship between facial emotion recognition and non-suicidal self injury in adolescents with depression: A multicenter cross-sectional study from China

OBJECT

Adolescent depression is highly co-occurring with non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). Exploring the relationship between NSSI and facial emotion recognition is crucial for early intervention in adolescents with depression.

METHODS

This study used a multi-center cross-sectional design (14 psychiatric hospitals in 9 provinces of China). The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Functional Assessment of Self-Mutilation (FASM) were used to evaluate depression and NSSI respectively. Six emotions including neutral, angry, disgusted, fearful, happy, sad and surprised were used for testing. Spearman correlation analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were used to explore the relationship between NSSI and emotion recognition.

RESULTS

This study recruited 1644 adolescent depression patients, of whom 76.2 % (1252/1644) reported NSSI behavior and had significantly higher PHQ-9 scores than adolescents without NSSI behavior (p < 0.001). "Cut or carved on your skin" was more common in the choice of method (87.6 %). The age curve showed that girls have more NSSI in each age group, and the peak incidence of NSSI in girls was higher than that in boys. Compared with the non-NSSI group, the NSSI group exhibited higher accuracy in recognizing aversive emotions. In addition, PHQ-9 scores were significantly correlated with the recognition of neutral(P < 0.001), angry(P = 0.011), and happy(P = 0.008). Furthermore, PHQ-9 scores (P < 0.001) and Surprised facial emotion recognition scores (P = 0.026) showed significant correlations with NSSI behavior.

CONCLUSION

NSSI is common in adolescents with depression, and the emotional recognition ability of NSSI patients has decreased, especially in identifying neutral, happy, and angry emotions. Similarly, depression further exacerbates the risk of NSSI.

The impact of depression on the quality of life of lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: mediating effects of perceived social support

Background

Quality of life (QOL) in patients undergoing chemotherapy for lung cancer has been a key research area. Numerous studies have examined the relationships among depression, perceived social support (PSS), and QOL. However, the mechanisms underlying PSS in lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy remain underexplored.

Objective

To investigate the mediating role of PSS in the relationship between depression and QOL in lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Methods

A convenience sample of 390 lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy was selected from the outpatient clinics and wards of the Department of Oncology at a tertiary hospital in Deyang City between January 2024 and June 2024. Participants completed a general information questionnaire, Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MPSSS), and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Lung Cancer (FACT-L) scale. SPSS 26.0 was used to analyze correlations between depression, PSS, and QOL, while AMOS 26.0 assessed the mediating effect of PSS on the relationship between depression and QOL.

Results

The mean scores for depression, PSS, and QOL were 39.79 ± 11.63, 68.96 ± 13.09, and 66.43 ± 23.67, respectively. Pearson's correlation analysis showed that depression was negatively correlated with QOL (r = -0.319, P < 0.001) and positively correlated with PSS (r = -0.484, P < 0.001). Additionally, PSS was positively correlated with QOL (r = 0.349, P < 0.001). PSS partially mediated the relationship between depression and QOL, with a mediating effect value of -0.165, accounting for 50.3% of the total effect.

Conclusion

Depression in lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy directly impacts QOL and indirectly affects it through PSS. Clinically, healthcare providers should address depression in these patients and offer psychological support and interventions as needed. Additionally, medical institutions can implement targeted strategies to help patients build a strong social support system, reduce negative emotions, enhance psychological well-being, and improve overall QOL.

Quality of Life Status and Its Influencing Factors Among Lung Cancer Chemotherapy Patients in China: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background

Improving the quality of life (QOL) of lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy is an indispensable part of cancer treatment, as it not only pertains to their physical health but also to their psychological and social well-being. Previous research has primarily focused on investigating health-related quality of life, while studies specifically addressing the QOL of lung cancer patients remain underrepresented and under researched.

Purpose

The study aims to investigate the current status of QOL among lung cancer patients and identify the predictive factors associated with QOL.

Patients and Methods

From January 2024 to June 2024, lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy will be recruited from the outpatient clinics or wards of a tertiary A-level hospital in Deyang City as research subjects. They will be surveyed using the general information questionnaire, the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Lung (FACT-L) scale. Multiple linear regression analysis will be employed to determine the variables associated with QOL.

Results

A total of 390 lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy were recruited for this study, with a male predominance accounting for 72.31%. The mean age was (59.11±11.37) years. The overall QOL score was (66.43±23.67). Age, family monthly income per capita, cancer clinical stage, depression, and perceived social support (PSS) were identified as independent factors influencing the QOL of lung cancer patients, accounting for 19.4% of the total variance.

Conclusion

There is still considerable room for improvement in the overall QOL of lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Based on the analysis of influencing factors, targeted and personalized intervention measures should be implemented to enhance the QOL for these patients.

The Association Between Relative Deprivation, Depression, and Youth Suicide: Evidence From a Psychological Autopsy Study

OBJECTIVE

Suicide is a serious public health concern in China. In the present study, we investigated the specific mechanisms underlying relative deprivation and suicide in rural China.

METHODS

A large psychological autopsy study was conducted in rural China, in which 392 suicides and 416 community-living controls were consecutively recruited. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between relative deprivation and suicide, with depression as a potential mediator.

RESULTS

Young people who experienced relative deprivation were at a greater risk of suicide and depression. Depression plays a mediating role in the relationship between relative deprivation and suicide.

LIMITATIONS

Due to the limitations of the data, we cannot know whether there is mutual causation between relative deprivation and depression. The self-reported relative deprivation may also produce some influence on the results.

CONCLUSIONS

The current findings demonstrate the importance of relative deprivation as one of the four sources of psychological strain to explain how relative status is associated with suicide. The findings also can be translated into the clinical and preventive practice for suicide.

Perceived Social Support and Experiential Avoidance in Adolescents: A Moderated Mediation Model of Individual Relative Deprivation and Subjective Social Class

Based on the integration of ecological systems theory and the risk and protective factor model, the current study tested whether individual relative deprivation mediated the association between perceived social support and adolescents' experiential avoidance and whether this mediation model was moderated by subjective social class. A sample of 582 senior high school students in China participated in the current survey. The results indicated that perceived social support was negatively related to the students' experiential avoidance. Mediation analysis showed a significant indirect effect of perceived social support on experiential avoidance, via individual relative deprivation. Moreover, the mediation effect of individual relative deprivation was moderated by subjective social class. Specifically, the negative relationship between perceived social support and individual relative deprivation, and the direct relationship between perceived social support and experiential avoidance were stronger for adolescents with low subjective social class. In contrast, the positive relationship between individual relative deprivation and experiential avoidance was stronger for adolescents with high subjective social class.

Co-Occurrence, Predictors, and Related Aggressive Behaviors of Cognitive and Emotional Relative Deprivation Based on Latent Class Analysis

Given the frequent occurrence of relative deprivation among adolescents and its negative effects, this study investigated relative deprivation among adolescents using a person-centered statistical technique (n = 1196; 565 girls). Latent class analysis identified three groups: low cognitive and emotional relative deprivation (Class 1, 33.78% of adolescents), high cognitive and low emotional relative deprivation (Class 2, 37.79% of adolescents), and high cognitive and emotional relative deprivation (Class 3, 28.43% of adolescents). Adolescents with low income and without parental accompaniment were more likely to be assigned to Classes 3 and 2. Compared with Class 1, Classes 3 and 2 had significant positive predictive effects on physical aggression, relational aggression, and overall aggressive behavior. The classes of relative deprivation influenced both physical and relational aggression, but not verbal aggression. Based on these findings, demographic characteristics and latent classes of relative deprivation should be considered together when developing interventions for aggressive behaviors.

Home quarantine during COVID-19 blunted childhood trauma-related psychiatric symptoms in Chinese college students

Background

Childhood trauma confers risks to mental health. However, little is known about whether home quarantine (HQ) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic exaggerated or mitigated the effect of childhood trauma on mental health.

Objective

To examine the modulating effects of prior childhood traumas on the longitudinal changes of psychiatric symptoms in college students before and after HQ during the pandemic.

Methods

This was a two-wave longitudinal study on the mental health of 2,887 college students before and after HQ during the COVID-19 pandemic. The relationships between the changes in the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), 16-item Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ-16), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) scores were analyzed.

Results

The students with childhood trauma showed a significantly greater decrement in psychiatric symptoms after HQ (F = 17.21, 14.11, 18.87, and 17.42 for PHQ-9, PQ-16 objective and distress, and SCL-90, respectively). The correlation coefficients between the CTQ and these symptoms scales were significant at baseline (r = 0.42, 0.34, 0.37, and 0.39), and decreased after HQ (r = 0.17, 0.20, 0.18, and 0.19). The decrement of depressive, psychotic, and overall symptoms was positively correlated with the scores of the CTQ (r = 0.08-0.27) but negatively correlated with SSRS (r = -0.08--0.14). Multilinear regression analysis confirmed the results of the CTQ and SSRS regarding the modulation of the dynamic changes in psychiatric symptoms. A constructed structural equation model indicated that the total effects of childhood trauma on decreased psychiatric symptoms were partly mediated by lower baseline social support.

Conclusion

Home quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic could blunt the adverse effects of childhood trauma on mental health, especially for prodromal psychotic symptoms in college students. Changes in relative deprivation and social support may be mediating factors.

The relationship between neuroticism and passive use of mobile social networks among Chinese young adults: The mediating role of fear of missing out and online social support

Many studies have shown that passive use of mobile social networks affects people's physical and mental health. However, few studies have explored the association between neuroticism and passive use of social networks, and the mediating factors that may indirectly contribute to this relationship. Therefore, the present study sought to investigate the relationship between neuroticism and passive use of mobile social networks and explore the sequential mediating role of fear of missing out (FOMO) and online social support. In the present study, data from a total of 531 Chinese undergraduates were collected by using the Chinese Big Five Personality Inventory, Online Social Support Scale, the Fear of Missing Out Scale, and Passive Use of Mobile Social Networks Scale. The results showed that neuroticism positively predicted passive use of mobile social networks through the indirect paths of FOMO and online social support and the chain mediating path of "online social support-FOMO".

Feelings of Personal Relative Deprivation and Subjective Well-Being in Japan

Personal relative deprivation (PRD) refers to emotions of resentment and dissatisfaction caused by feeling deprived of a deserved outcome compared to some reference. While evidence suggests that relative deprivation based on objective data such as income affects well-being, subjective PRD has been less explored, especially in the East. This study evaluated the relationship between PRD and subjective well-being based on various aspects in the context of Japan. An online questionnaire survey, including the Japanese version of the Personal Relative Deprivation Scale (J-PRDS5) and various well-being indices, was administered to 500 adult participants, balanced for sex and age. Quantitative data analysis methods were used. PRD significantly correlated with subjective well-being as assessed by various aspects. Through mediation analysis, we found that a strong tendency to compare one's abilities with others may undermine subjective well-being through PRD. The results also indicated that well-developed human environments may be associated with the maintenance of subjective well-being levels, even when PRD is high. Toward developing future interventions to improve well-being and health, efforts must be undertaken in Japan to monitor PRD and further clarify the mechanism of the association between PRD and the factors that showed a strong relationship in this study.

The influence of employees' perception of over-qualification on career compromise: Mediated by role conflict and sense of relative deprivation

In the external environment with the increasing level of education, there is a general phenomenon of excess qualification in the employment market. This research discusses employee career compromise from the perspective of employee over-qualification based on resource conservation theory and self-regulation theory. Combined with the survey data, a structural equation model (SEM) is constructed, and the mediation effect of relative deprivation and role conflict is analyzed according to the causal mediation model. The research find that employees' perception of over-qualification has three ways to affect employees' career compromise. First, employees' perception of over-qualification has a significant positive impact on their career compromise behavior through employees' emotions and self-cognition. Second, role conflict plays a partial intermediary role between the perception of over-qualification and career compromise by positively affecting career compromise behavior. Third, the sense of relative deprivation plays a partial intermediary role between the perception of over-qualification and career compromise by negatively affecting career compromise behavior. According to the research conclusions, the following suggestions are put forward. Enterprises need to establish a scientific employment mechanism to achieve talent-post matching and fundamentally reduce the phenomenon of over-qualifications. The company should pay attention to employee training, actively guide employees' career planning, instruct employees to correctly understand the sense of over-qualification and play a positive role in guiding employees' career planning.

Relative deprivation, depression and quality of life among adults in Shandong Province, China: A conditional process analysis based on social support

BACKGROUND

Relative deprivation has been confirmed as one of the pathways underlying the link between income inequality and health. However, the mechanism between relative deprivation and health was still unclear. This study aimed to test the mediating role of depression and the moderating role of social support in the association between relative deprivation and quality of life.

METHODS

Data were collected from the 2020 Household Health Interview Survey in Taian City, Shandong province. In total, 8496 adults were included to complete the measures of relative deprivation, depressive symptoms, perceived social support, and quality of life.

RESULTS

Relative deprivation was negatively associated with quality of life, and depressive symptoms could mediate this association. Furthermore, the direct effect of relative deprivation on quality of life and the indirect effect of depressive symptoms in this relationship were moderated by perceived social support. Both these two effects were stronger for individuals with a low level of perceived social support.

LIMITATIONS

Data are cross-sectional, and causal conclusions cannot be drawn. All measures were based on participant self-report.

CONCLUSIONS

Personal relative deprivation has negative effects on quality of life. Social support moderated the direct effect of relative deprivation and the mediating effect of depressive symptoms on quality of life. For individuals with a high level of relative deprivation, particularly those with a low level of social support, interventions tailoring psychological services and community-based activities could be designed to reduce relative deprivation and promote social support for disadvantaged individuals.

Symptoms of internet gaming disorder among male college students in Nanchong, China

BACKGROUND

This study aimed to evaluate the presence of symptoms of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) and examined associations between IGD and depressive symptoms, family and peer support among male college students in Nanchong, China.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 2533 male students in three colleges. Background characteristics, depressive symptoms, family and peer support and IGD information were collected. Binary logistic regression was performed to access the relationship between variables and IGD. PROCESS macro was used to examine the mediation analysis of family and peer support on the relationship between depressive symptoms and IGD.

RESULTS

The estimated presence of symptoms of IGD was 11.6%. The most commonly endorsed items were escapism, continuation and preoccupation both among total participates and the IGD group. In the binary logistic regression, general expenditure per month, depressive symptoms, and family and peer support revealed their significance in associations with IGD. Adjusted for the significant background variable, depressive symptoms and family and peer support remained significance. Additionally, family and peer support would attenuate the relationship between depressive symptoms and IGD.

CONCLUSIONS

This study found that one in ten male college students reported clinically significant IGD symptoms, which indicate that IGD is an important public health problem in Nanchong, China.