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Tsatali M, Angelidou IA, Tsolaki M, Teichmann B. The Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale, the Knowledge in Dementia Scale, and the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Tool 2: Which Is the Best Tool to Measure Dementia Knowledge in Greece? J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2023; 7:1377-1393. [PMID: 38225968 PMCID: PMC10789284 DOI: 10.3233/adr-230161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Measuring dementia knowledge can be a valuable tool for assessing the effectiveness of dementia awareness activities, identifying the potential benefits of dementia training programs, and breaking down common myths and stereotypes about dementia. Objective To compare the psychometric properties of three widely used dementia knowledge tools, the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Tool 2 (DKAT2-G), the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS-G), and the Knowledge in Dementia Scale (KIDE-G) in the Greek adult population. Methods A convenience sample of 252 participants from the general population completed the survey online. Statistical analyses included Cronbach's internal reliability, retest reliability, factor analysis, concurrent and construct validity, and floor and ceiling effects. Results The DKAS-G had the most appropriate reliability levels (Cronbach's alpha = 0.845; retest reliability = 0.921), whereas the DKAT2-G had satisfactory indexes (Cronbach's α= 0.760; retest reliability = 0.630). The KIDE-G showed unsatisfactory reliability (Cronbach's α= 0.419; retest reliability = 0.619). Construct validity was confirmed for all questionnaires, showing that all of them detected participants with pre-existing knowledge of dementia. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed a four-factor model for the DKAS-G and proposed the removal of 5 items. Floor and ceiling effects were found for the DKAT2-G and the KIDE-G, mainly among those who had previously participated in dementia training. Conclusions The DKAS-G was found to have the highest levels of reliability and validity. The results prove that the DKAS-G meets the requirements for measuring dementia knowledge and evaluating dementia training programs in health professionals, caregivers, and the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Tsatali
- Greek Association of Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders (GAADRD), Thessaloniki, Greece
- Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Psychology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Western Macedonia, Kozani, Greece
| | | | - Magda Tsolaki
- Greek Association of Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders (GAADRD), Thessaloniki, Greece
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Aristotle, University of Thessaloniki (CIRI-AUTh), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Birgit Teichmann
- Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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Melchior F, Teichmann B. Measuring Dementia Knowledge in German: Validation and Comparison of the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale, the Knowledge in Dementia Scale, and the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Tool 2. J Alzheimers Dis 2023:JAD230303. [PMID: 37302037 PMCID: PMC10357161 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessing dementia knowledge is critical for developing and improving effective interventions. There are many different tools to assess dementia knowledge, but only one has been validated in German so far. OBJECTIVE To validate two tools for assessing dementia knowledge-the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS-D) and the Knowledge in Dementia Scale (KIDE-D) for the German general population-and compare their psychometric properties with the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Tool 2 (DKAT2-D). METHODS A convenience sample of 272 participants completed online surveys. Analyses included internal consistency, structural validity, construct validity through the known-groups method, retest-reliability with a subgroup of n = 88, and floor and ceiling effects. This study used the STROBE checklist. RESULTS Internal consistency was acceptable for DKAT2-D (α= 0.780), very good for DKAS-D (α= 0.873), and poor for KIDE-D (α= 0.506). Construct validity was confirmed for all questionnaires. Retest-reliability was good for DKAT2-D (0.886; 0.825-0.926) and KIDE-D (0.813; 0.714-0.878), while it was great for DKAS-D (0.928; 0.891-0.953). Trends toward ceiling effects were observed for DKAT2-D and KIDE-D, but not for DKAS-D. The principal component analysis did not reveal a coherent structure for DKAT2-D or KIDE-D, while the confirmatory factor analysis proposed the removal of 5 items for DKAS-D resulting in the shortened DKAS20-D, which had nearly identical properties. CONCLUSION Both DKAS-D and its shortened version, DKAS20-D, are reliable instruments for evaluating programs intended for the general population, as they were found to be convincing in all aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Melchior
- Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Teichmann
- Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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A CV, E BG, B L, A L, Ma EB, Gg RO, Ea MM, Pc MS, Aa RC, G PR. Spanish-Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS-S): Ecuadorian validation and comparison among Spanish health students. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:210. [PMID: 37005561 PMCID: PMC10067284 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-03904-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most frequent cause of cognitive impairment. Improving knowledge of dementia management through health education for health professionals can improve clinical and community care in home and specialist settings. It is important to guarantee good dementia knowledge in health students, and it is necessary to evaluate it with a good standardized tool. The aim of the current study was to assess the psychometric properties of the DKAS-S with cohorts of Ecuadorian health students, to compare these results with a former validation in Spanish health students and to analyse the level of knowledge according to different variables. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study to assess the validity, reliability and feasibility of the DKAS-S by comparing two different cohorts of health students (nursing and psychologists). RESULTS A total of 659 students from Spain (n = 233) and Ecuador (n = 426) completed the DKAS-S (mean age 24.02 (6.35) years old), and 52.80% were nursing students. The DKAS-S showed good internal consistency in the Ecuadorian cohort (Cronbach's α = 0.76). No significant difference was found between Spanish and Ecuadorian students (p = 0.767) in the global scale score, but there were differences in some subscales. Psychologist students scored significantly higher on the global scale than nursing students (32.08 (9.51) vs. 27.49 (7.15); p < 0.001)). Students with a family history of cognitive impairment scored higher on the global scale, and those who had contact with people with dementia obtained better results on the global scale. CONCLUSIONS We confirmed that the DKAS-S is an adequate and useful instrument to measure levels of knowledge about dementia among health students in Spanish-speaking communities. It is a reliable and valid measure with good psychometric properties. Understanding health students' knowledge about dementia will allow better adaptation of academic plans to train better health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carnes-Vendrell A
- Clinical Neuroscience Research, Unitat Trastorns Cognitius, Santa Maria University Hospital, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Barallat-Gimeno E
- Faculty of Nursing and Phisiotherapy, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Lara B
- Clinical Neuroscience Research, Unitat Trastorns Cognitius, Santa Maria University Hospital, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Lladó A
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi I Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Escobar-Bravo Ma
- Faculty of Nursing and Phisiotherapy, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Reivan-Ortiz Gg
- Laboratory of Basic Psychology, Behavioural Analysis and Programmatic Development PAD-LAB, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
- PAD-Group, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Maxi-Maxi Ea
- Laboratory of Psychometry, Comparative Psychology and Ethology, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
- Health and Behaviour Research Group (HBR), Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Martínez-Suárez Pc
- Laboratory of Psychometry, Comparative Psychology and Ethology, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
- Health and Behaviour Research Group (HBR), Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Ramírez-Coronel Aa
- Laboratory of Psychometry, Comparative Psychology and Ethology, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
- Health and Behaviour Research Group (HBR), Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Piñol-Ripoll G
- Clinical Neuroscience Research, Unitat Trastorns Cognitius, Santa Maria University Hospital, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain.
- Cognitive Disorders Unit, Hospital Universitari Santa Maria, Rovira Roure N° 44. 25198, Lleida, Spain.
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Zhang Q, Deng J, Luo H, Wang L. Senile dementia and psychiatric stigma among community health service providers and relatives of diagnosed and suspected dementia patients: a cross-sectional study. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14613. [PMID: 36647450 PMCID: PMC9840390 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The number of people suffering from dementia is increasing rapidly in China. Early identification, referral, and intervention for dementia patients within communities are important to public health. However, these measures could be impacted by misconceptions about dementia and associated psychiatric stigma from community health professionals and relatives of dementia patients. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 249 participants, which included community doctors, community nurses, and relatives of diagnosed and suspected dementia patients in Guiyang, China. Participants were recruited through convenient sampling. The Chinese version of Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS) and the Perceived Psychiatric Stigma Scale (PPSS) were used to evaluate the participants' knowledge of dementia and dementia-related psychiatric stigma. Results A total of 249 participants completed the questionnaire. The participants had moderate overall knowledge of dementia and the associated psychiatric stigma. Participants who were ≥45 years old, had a low level of education, had a low monthly income, or gained knowledge of dementia through non-media channels had lower awareness of dementia and stronger psychiatric stigma. In the "Communication & behavior" subscale of DKAS, all participants had a low level of awareness. Relatives of diagnosed and suspected dementia patients had higher total PPSS and "Marital preclusion" subscale scores than community doctors and nurses but lower psychiatric stigma based on the PPSS "Self-deprecation" subscale score. Conclusions Despite their profession, community doctors and nurses did not show an absolute advantage over relatives of diagnosed and suspected dementia patients in the dementia knowledge, and they even showed higher psychiatric stigma in some subscales. The self-deprecation subscale is related to the identification with negative labels such as "people with a mental illness are the weak". This study shows that reducing stigma on the "Self-deprecation" subscale should be a core component of training and educational programs targeted at improving dementia knowledge among community health service providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwen Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, The Second People’s Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Jing Deng
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second People’s Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Huanyue Luo
- Department of VIP Clinic, The Second People’s Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, The Second People’s Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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Meng X, Shang M, Wang Q, Yan R, Jiang K, Xiang J, Liu W, Li J, Wang D, Xu J. Reliability and validity of the simplified Chinese version of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Immune Checkpoint Modulator. Qual Life Res 2022; 32:1581-1593. [PMID: 36508144 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-022-03318-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the immune checkpoint modulator (ICM) subscale of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Immune Checkpoint Modulator (FACT-ICM) scale and to validate the FACT-ICM scale in Chinese cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) treatment. METHODS In total, 354 cancer patients treated with ICIs were included in our cross-sectional study including 2 phases. Firstly, the ICM subscale was translated and culturally adapted by standardized procedures. Then the FACT-ICM scale was validated, which included item analysis, content validity, floor and ceiling effects, internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability, construct validity, convergent/divergent validity, and known-group validity. RESULTS The content validity indexes at the item and scale level of the ICM subscale were greater than 0.8. No floor and ceiling effects were found. The Cronbach's α and McDonald's omega coefficients of the simplified Chinese version of the FACT-ICM scale were 0.935 and 0.936, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.833 (95% confidence interval: 0.574-0.940). Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the 5-subscale structure of the simplified Chinese version of the FACT-ICM scale (χ2/df = 2.144, RMSEA = 0.057, SRMR = 0.072, and CFI = 0.848). Convergent and divergent validity further supported the construct validity of the simplified Chinese version of the FACT-ICM scale. The known-group validity of the simplified Chinese version of the FACT-ICM scale was confirmed in patients with different physical statuses. CONCLUSIONS The simplified Chinese version of the FACT-ICM scale is a valid and reliable instrument and can be used in clinical practice and research on cancer patients receiving ICIs treatment.
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Hung SP, Liao YH, Eccleston C, Ku LJE. Developing a shortened version of the dementia knowledge assessment scale (DKAS-TC) with a sample in Taiwan: an item response theory approach. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:886. [PMID: 36418953 PMCID: PMC9682634 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03596-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 25-item Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS2) is a widely used tool for measuring knowledge of dementia. To increase the applicability of the Chinese-language version of the tool (DKAS-TC) for the general public, this study aimed to develop a shortened version using the item response theory (IRT) approach. METHODS A total of 401 participants voluntarily completed a Chinese-language version of the DKAS2 questionnaire (DKAS-TC) at the start of dementia awareness training courses in 2020 and 2021. The four Rasch family models were used to analyze the dimensionality of the shortened scale (the DKAS-s) and to confirm its accuracy in measuring dementia knowledge. RESULTS The results justified supported the use of a dichotomous response scale for responding to the DKAS-s and demonstrated good fit of the data to a Rasch model with the four dimensions of "Causes and Characteristics", "Communication and Engagement", "Care Needs", and "Risks and Health Promotion". Moreover, we shortened the DKAS-TC by selecting items that had both above-average discriminative ability and above-average information. The DKAS-s retained 64.13% of the information contained in the DKAS-TC, resulting in a 16-item scale which retained four items in each of the original four dimensions. The DKAS-s also correlated highly (≥0.95) with the DKAS-TC and exhibited a sizeable range of difficulty of dementia knowledge. CONCLUSIONS The DKAS-s is expected to be more efficient in field settings while retaining an acceptable level of psychometric properties when used as a survey instrument to measure the general public's knowledge of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Pin Hung
- grid.64523.360000 0004 0532 3255Center of Teacher Education, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan ,grid.64523.360000 0004 0532 3255Institute of Education, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Han Liao
- grid.64523.360000 0004 0532 3255Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City, 701 Taiwan
| | - Claire Eccleston
- grid.1009.80000 0004 1936 826XWicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Li-Jung Elizabeth Ku
- grid.64523.360000 0004 0532 3255Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City, 701 Taiwan
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