Association between sedentary behavior and depression among South Korean adolescents

Analysis of risk factors affecting obesity in Korean adolescents: based on the 2017-2020 Korea national health and nutrition examination survey

Background

Obesity, which is caused by various congenital factors, lifestyle changes, and modernized eating habits, has recently emerged as a serious health concern in children and adolescents. According to the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) conducted from 2007 to 2020, the prevalence of obesity and overweight in youth has shown an increasing trend over time. Notably, obesity has been studied in several studies. However, given its close association with rapidly changing societal environments and lifestyle patterns, continuous updates are necessary. Therefore, investigating the current state of obesity in children and adolescents is crucial. Herein, we investigated factors related to the prevalence of obesity.

Materials and methods

We investigated 1912 adolescents between the ages of 12 and 18 years from 2017 to 2020 using data from the KNHANES. Known and suspected risk factors for lifestyle and eating habits were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.

Results

Our study revealed a gradual increase in the proportion of individuals having overweight and obesity. Regarding risk factors for obesity, in the unadjusted model, older age (Odds ratio [OR], 1.11), sedentary time ≥12 h (OR, 1.29), and a higher calorie intake from protein (OR, 1.06) were positively associated with obesity, whereas female sex (OR, 0.52) and sleep duration ≥8 h (OR, 0.56) were negatively associated with obesity. These trends remained consistent in the adjusted model, with older age (OR, 1.10), sedentary time ≥12 h (OR, 1.46), higher protein intake (OR, 1.05), and skipping dinner ≥3 times per week (OR, 2.22) being positively associated with obesity and female sex (OR, 0.60) and sleep duration of 6-8 h (OR, 0.54) and ≥8 h (OR, 0.48) being negatively associated with obesity.

Conclusion

Obesity in Korean adolescents was significantly correlated with shorter sleep duration, more sedentary time, higher protein intake, and frequent meal skipping at dinner. These results highlight the necessity of focused public health initiatives that support healthy living practices, including healthy eating habits, less sedentary activity, and more sleep time.

Sedentary behaviors negatively related to depressive symptoms in college students: The roles of type and duration of sedentary behaviors

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to examine the associations of different types and duration with sedentary behaviors and depressive symptoms among college students.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study was conducted at a university in Shanghai, China, utilizing convenience sampling to recruit 3,190 participants (mean age 20.06 ± 1.23 years). Sedentary behaviors were self-reported using a structured questionnaire detailing the average daily time spent in different types of sedentary behaviors. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10). Linear regression models were conducted to analyze the associations between sedentary behaviors and depressive symptoms with adjustment for relevant covariates.

RESULTS

Recreational screen-based sedentary behaviors were significantly associated with higher depressive symptom scores on both weekdays (B = 0.523, 95 % CI= 0.409 to 0.637, p < 0.001) and weekends (B = 0.313, 95 % CI= 0.221 to 0.406, p < 0.001). Study-related sedentary behaviors showed no significant association on weekdays (p > 0.05), but were significantly associated with depressive symptoms on weekends (B = 0.084, 95 % CI= 0.017 to 0.151, p < 0.05). Other types of sedentary behaviors (e.g., commuting and eating) also showed a positive association with depression scores on both weekdays and weekends (p < 0.05). Longer durations of recreational screen-based and study-related sedentary behaviors were associated with higher depressive symptom scores (both p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

The study suggests that the associations between sedentary behaviors and depressive symptoms vary by the type and context of sedentary behavior. Additionally, the duration of each sedentary behavior bout is a significant influencing factor.

Sedentary behavior and self-harm in adolescents with asthma, rhinitis and eczema

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the association between allergic diseases and the tendency to self-harm in adolescents, considering the role of sedentary behavior.

METHODS

This was a population-based cross-sectional study, carried out in 2022, with 727 adolescents aged 12 to 19 years, from a capital in the Northeast of Brazil. The authors evaluated the association between each allergic disease (asthma, rhinitis and eczema) and self-harm, sedentary behavior and other variables. The authors performed an adjusted analysis of the associations between each allergy disease and the tendency to self-harm and then adjusted to the presence of family members and sedentary behavior.

RESULTS

The prevalence of asthma, rhinitis and eczema were 18.76%, 36.21% and 12.86%, respectively. Sedentary behavior and tendency to self-harm were more frequently reported in asthmatics (PR 2.16; 95% CI: 1.55 - 3.00 and PR 1.98; 95% CI: 1.47 - 2.68, for sedentary behavior and self-harm respectively), rhinitis (PR 1.53; 95% CI: 1.25 - 1.88 and PR 1.33; 95% CI: 1.09 - 1.62, respectively) and eczema (PR 2.35; 95% CI: 1.54 - 3.58 and PR 1.55; 95% CI: 1.05 - 2.28, respectively). There was a reduction in the strength of this association in the three conditions, which included a loss of association.

CONCLUSION

High rates of sedentary behavior and self-harm in those with asthma, rhinitis and eczema. Physical activity attenuated the risk for self-harm. It warns about the urgency in detecting these factors, whether in the diagnosis or in the implementation of therapy, seeking to reduce their harmful consequences in the short and long term.

Short-Term Outcomes and Multidimensional Factors Associated With Preoperative Sedentary Behavior Among Chinese Older Adults With Gastric Cancer: An Observational Study

PURPOSE

The current study aimed to examine the short-term outcomes and multidimensional factors associated with preoperative sedentary behavior among Chinese older adults with gastric cancer.

METHOD

An observational study was conducted among older adults with gastric cancer in a tertiary hospital in Jiangsu, China. A total of 393 participants were enrolled by convenience sampling. Sedentary behavior was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF). Logistic regression was applied to explore the relationship between preoperative sedentary behavior and short-term outcomes. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine the factors associated with participants' sedentary behavior.

RESULTS

Preoperative sedentary behavior was related to multiple outcomes, including total complications, prolonged length of stay, and increased hospitalization costs. Two or more comorbidities and depression were risk factors for sedentary behavior. High-density lipoprotein; female sex; and high school, middle school, and primary school and below educational levels were protective factors for sedentary behavior.

CONCLUSION

Health care professionals need to simultaneously concentrate on multidimensional aspects linked to sedentary behavior to successfully administer behavioral interventions for enhancing older adults' overall prognosis. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 51(1), 32-41.].

Replacement of sedentary behavior with various physical activities and the risk of incident depression: a prospective analysis of accelerator-measured and self-reported UK Biobank data

PURPOSE

To examine the dose‒response relationships of sedentary behavior (SB) and physical activities (PAs) with depression, and to explore the effects of replacing SB with PAs on depression risk.

METHODS

The study used data from UK Biobank aged 37 to 73 years. Light physical activity (LPA), moderate-to-vigorous activity (MVPA), sleep duration, and total sedentary behavior (TSB) were measured by accelerometers. Self-reported SB was also adopted when daily screen-sedentary behavior time (SSB) and leisure-sedentary behavior time (LSB) were the focus. Incident depression was obtained from the part of mental and behavioral disorders in the "first occurrence fields" of UK Biobank. A Cox proportional hazard model and isotemporal substitution model were performed to explore the associations of LPA, MVPA, TSB, LSB, SSB, and sleep on depression and the effects of replacing SB time with equal PA time.

RESULTS

Highest levels of MVPA (HR = 0.58, 95%CI: 0.50-0.68) were associated with decreased depression risk compared with the lowest level (Q1). Longer SSB time (HR = 1.18, 95%CI: 1.06-1.32), LSB time (HR = 1.19, 95%CI: 1.07-1.32), and TSB time (HR = 1.17, 95%CI: 1.00-1.38) could increase depression risk significantly. Replacing 1h/day TSB, SSB, and LSB with MVPA brought the greatest risk reductions [31% (HR = 0.69, 95%CI: 0.62-0.77), 30% (HR = 0.70, 95%CI: 0.65-0.77), and 29% (HR = 0.71, 95%CI: 0.65-0.77)]. Under the same conditions, the effects of LPA replacement were also significant, but weaker than those of MVPA. Subgroup analyses showed that replacing 1h/d TSB with LPA could significantly decrease the depression risk for the females, but not for the males.

CONCLUSION

Large benefits for reducing the risk of incident depression could be attained by replacing a period of TSB, SSB, or LSB with equal PA time, especially for MVPA. Regular PA and less SB were recommended for improving mental health.

Unhealthy behaviors associated with mental health disorders: a systematic comparative review of diet quality, sedentary behavior, and cannabis and tobacco use

Background

There are well-established literatures documenting the associations between mental disorders and unhealthy behaviors such as poor diet quality, sedentary behavior, and cannabis and tobacco use. Few studies have attempted to understand the respective findings in light of each other, however.

Objective

The purpose of this review was to assemble comparable data for each behavior-disorder association and assess the associations in terms of their overall strength. The review aimed to include a representative, but not exhaustive, range of studies that would allow for explorative comparisons.

Methods

Eligible studies were identified via Pubmed searches and citation searching, restricted to publications no older than 2015 written in English. To obtain comparable data, only studies that reported findings as odds ratios were included, and risk of bias related to study samples, behavioral measurement disparities, and control variables was assessed via sensitivity analyses. Findings for each disorder were compared on the basis of different measures of central tendency.

Results

From 3,682 records, 294 studies were included. The review found evidence of associations between each of the four unhealthy behaviors and psychosis, depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), while personality disorder was only investigated in relation to cannabis and tobacco use. In overall comparison, the associations were generally of similar strength, and only the association between cannabis use and personality disorder was exceptional in terms of being significantly stronger than its counterparts across disorders and across behaviors. Analyses of bias risk identified some influence from behavioral measurement disparities and lack of adequate statistical control, but findings were generally robust across a range of sensitivity analyses.

Conclusion

This explorative and comparative review found that poor diet quality, sedentary behavior, and cannabis and tobacco use are about equally strongly associated with a range of different mental disorders. Given the general nature of these associations, we should probably understand them to reflect a general and shared etiology. However, the findings in this review should be regarded as tentative until confirmed by more comprehensive investigations.