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De Rubeis V, Griffith LE, Duncan L, Jiang Y, de Groh M, Anderson LN. Self-reported chronic conditions and COVID-19 public health measures among Canadian adults: an analysis of the Canadian longitudinal study on aging. Public Health 2024; 231:99-107. [PMID: 38653017 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES During the COVID-19 pandemic, public health measures were used to reduce the spread of COVID-19; it is unknown whether people with chronic conditions differentially adhered to public health measures. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the association between chronic conditions and adherence and to explore effect modification by sex, age, and income. STUDY DESIGN An analysis of data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging COVID-19 Questionnaires (from April to September 2020) was conducted among middle-aged and older adults aged 50-96 years (n = 28,086). METHODS Self-reported chronic conditions included lung disease, diabetes, heart disease, cancer, obesity, anxiety, and depression. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between chronic conditions and low, medium, and high levels of adherence. Effect modification was evaluated using statistical interaction and stratification. RESULTS Most people (n = 17,435; 62%) had at least one chronic condition, and 2866 (10%) had three to seven chronic conditions. Among those with high adherence to public health measures, 69% had one or more chronic condition (n = 2266). Having three to seven chronic conditions, compared with none, was associated with higher adherence to public health measures (OR: 2.14; 95% CI: 1.12-1.42). Higher adherence was also noted across chronic conditions, for example, those with diabetes had higher adherence (OR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.53-1.93). There was limited evidence of effect modification by sex, age, or income. CONCLUSIONS Canadians with chronic conditions were more likely to adhere to public health measures; however, future research is needed to understand whether adherence helped to prevent adverse COVID-19 outcomes and if adherence had unintended consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- V De Rubeis
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada; Applied Research Division, Center for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K0A 0K9, Canada.
| | - L E Griffith
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - L Duncan
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Y Jiang
- Applied Research Division, Center for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K0A 0K9, Canada
| | - M de Groh
- Applied Research Division, Center for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K0A 0K9, Canada
| | - L N Anderson
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
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Yoshino S, Law WHC, Koike S. Parent-Child Associations in COVID-19-Related Preventive Behaviors and Efficacy Expectations: A One-Year Longitudinal Survey. J Adolesc Health 2024; 74:1146-1155. [PMID: 38493392 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2024.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE It is necessary to identify the variables that explain the variance in preventive behaviors against COVID-19 to increase adolescents' engagement in these behaviors. We focused on efficacy expectations of preventive behaviors and their associations within families. This study examined the associations between efficacy expectations and preventive behaviors, and between adolescents and their parents in terms of efficacy expectations and preventive behaviors. METHODS A cross-lagged panel model was employed to analyze 281 parent-child pairs consisting of 245 children (118 girls, mean age = 17.4 years), 277 mothers (median age = 49.3 years), and 211 fathers (median age = 51.5 years). Participants completed the Prevention of COVID-19 Infection Scale at baseline (October 2020 to April 2021) and one-year follow-up to assess efficacy expectations and preventive behaviors for sanitization, contact, and hoarding factors. RESULTS Efficacy expectations of preventive behaviors at baseline were positively associated with preventive behaviors at one-year follow-up regarding the sanitization and contact factors. Additionally, for parents, efficacy expectations of preventive behaviors at baseline were positively associated with subsequent preventive behaviors regarding the hoarding factor. Parental efficacy expectation scores for contact at baseline were positively associated with their children's scores at one-year follow-up. DISCUSSION The findings highlight the association between parental efficacy expectations at an initial time point and adolescents' efficacy expectations at one-year follow-up toward COVID-19 preventive measures, particularly contact-related behaviors. These insights can inform public health interventions targeting individual expectations and parental involvement to promote effective preventive practices during future health crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Yoshino
- Faculty of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, Waseda University, Shinju-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Center for Evolutionary Cognitive Sciences, Graduate School of Art and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wai Him Crystal Law
- Center for Evolutionary Cognitive Sciences, Graduate School of Art and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Koike
- Center for Evolutionary Cognitive Sciences, Graduate School of Art and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan; University of Tokyo Institute for Diversity & Adaptation of Human Mind (UTIDAHM), Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan; The International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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Htun YM, Maung NL, Ko DK, Htut HM, Phyo MK, Aung WL, Zaw HK, Min AK, Kyaw AP, Swe T, Zaw KK, Win KSN, Ko KK, Thaw KM, Aung SP, Aung SY, Htun SS, Paing SH, Htun SL, Naing ZM, Htun ZK, Naung H, Oo HH, Hla NY, San AK, Myat HM, Htet PS, Mon MK, Paing YM, Phyo WL, Paing WK, Rein T, Oo TL, Zaw TP, Oo TL, Thu TM, Aung TT, Soe HH, Soe AK, Oo AM, Aung A, Aung PP, Kyaw HA, Kyaw HP, Soe YNM, Ko MM, Aung ZK, Aung KT, Lwin YPC, Yan W, Soe PT, Htet ZL, Sint NH, Aung Z, Winn ZT, Thu KS, Shan NH, Htun NS, Win TT, Tun KM. Adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures among residents in selected townships, Yangon Region, Myanmar: a community-based cross-sectional study. Trop Med Health 2024; 52:36. [PMID: 38734710 PMCID: PMC11088027 DOI: 10.1186/s41182-024-00603-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To fight the current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, many countries have implemented various mitigation measures to contain the spread of the disease. By engaging with health service providers, the community's participation in adherence to preventive measures is certainly required in the implementation of COVID-19 mitigation strategies. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the level of adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures and its associated factors among the residents, Yangon Region, Myanmar. METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 636 residents in Yangon Region, Myanmar, from October to December 2021. A multistage non-probability sampling method, purposively selected for three townships in Yangon Region and convenience sampling for 212 participants from each township, was applied and the data were collected by face-to-face interviews using structured and pretested questionnaires. Data were entered, coded, and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25.0. Simple and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed to identify the significant variables of adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures. RESULTS As a level of adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures, the proportion of residents who had good adherence was 39.3% (95% CI 35.5-43.2%), moderate adherence was 37.6% (95% CI 33.8-41.5%), and poor adherence was 23.1% (95% CI 19.9-26.6%). The age group of 31-40 years (AOR: 3.13, 95% CI 1.62-6.05), 30 years and younger (AOR: 3.22, 95% CI 1.75-5.92), Burmese ethnicity (AOR: 2.52, 95% CI 1.44-4.39), own business (AOR: 3.19, 95% CI 1.15-8.87), high school education level and below (AOR: 1.64, 95% CI 1.02-2.69), less than 280.90 USD of monthly family income (AOR: 1.51, 95% CI 1.01-2.29), low knowledge about COVID-19 (AOR: 1.90, 95% CI 1.26-2.88) were significantly associated with poor adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures. CONCLUSIONS In this study, nearly one-fourth of the residents were experiencing poor adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures. Therefore, building up the risk communication through the community using widely used mainstream media, the continuation of disease surveillance and announcement of updated information or advice for the public to increase awareness towards COVID-19, and enforcement to follow the recommended directions and regulations of health institutions are vital to consider for improving the adherence to preventive measures against COVID-19 among the residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Minn Htun
- Department of Prevention and Research Development of Hepatitis, AIDS and Other Viral Diseases, Health and Disease Control Unit, Nay Pyi Taw, 15011, Myanmar.
| | - Nyan Lin Maung
- Department of Research and Development, Defence Services Medical School, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Dwe Kyaw Ko
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Han Myo Htut
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Min Khant Phyo
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Wai Lynn Aung
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Hein Khant Zaw
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Aung Kyaw Min
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Aung Phyo Kyaw
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Thet Swe
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Kaung Khant Zaw
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Kyaw Swar Naing Win
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Khant Ko Ko
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Khant Min Thaw
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Saw Pyae Aung
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Saw Yan Aung
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Soe San Htun
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Soe Htet Paing
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Soe Lin Htun
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Zaw Myo Naing
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Zin Ko Htun
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Htoo Naung
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Htun Htun Oo
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Naing Ye Hla
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Aung Kyaw San
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Hpone Myint Myat
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Phone Shan Htet
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Min Khant Mon
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Ye Myat Paing
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Wai Lin Phyo
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Win Khant Paing
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Thu Rein
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Thit Lwin Oo
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Thet Paing Zaw
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Thet Lynn Oo
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Thint Myat Thu
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Than Toe Aung
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Hein Htet Soe
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Aung Kyaw Soe
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Aung Myint Oo
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Aung Aung
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Pyae Phyo Aung
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Htun Aung Kyaw
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Hpone Pji Kyaw
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Yan Naing Myint Soe
- Department of Prevention and Research Development of Hepatitis, AIDS and Other Viral Diseases, Health and Disease Control Unit, Nay Pyi Taw, 15011, Myanmar
| | - Myint Myat Ko
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Zin Ko Aung
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Kyaw Thiha Aung
- Department of Prevention and Research Development of Hepatitis, AIDS and Other Viral Diseases, Health and Disease Control Unit, Nay Pyi Taw, 15011, Myanmar
| | - Yan Paing Chit Lwin
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Wai Yan
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Phyo Tayza Soe
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Zin Linn Htet
- Department of Prevention and Research Development of Hepatitis, AIDS and Other Viral Diseases, Health and Disease Control Unit, Nay Pyi Taw, 15011, Myanmar
| | - Nay Hein Sint
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Zayar Aung
- Department of Prevention and Research Development of Hepatitis, AIDS and Other Viral Diseases, Health and Disease Control Unit, Nay Pyi Taw, 15011, Myanmar
| | - Zin Thu Winn
- Department of Prevention and Research Development of Hepatitis, AIDS and Other Viral Diseases, Health and Disease Control Unit, Nay Pyi Taw, 15011, Myanmar
| | - Kaung Si Thu
- Department of Prevention and Research Development of Hepatitis, AIDS and Other Viral Diseases, Health and Disease Control Unit, Nay Pyi Taw, 15011, Myanmar
| | - Nyan Htet Shan
- Outpatient Department, No. 1 Military Hospital (500 Bedded), Meiktila, Mandalay, Myanmar
| | - Nyan Sint Htun
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Tun Tun Win
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Kyaw Myo Tun
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
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Tovissodé CF, Baumgaertner B. Heterogeneous risk tolerance, in-groups, and epidemic waves. FRONTIERS IN APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS 2024; 10:1360001. [PMID: 38818516 PMCID: PMC11138946 DOI: 10.3389/fams.2024.1360001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in the joint modeling of the dynamics of disease and health-related beliefs and attitudes, but coupling mechanisms are yet to be understood. We introduce a model where risk information, which can be delayed, comes in two flavors, including historical risk derived from perceived incidence data and predicted risk information. Our model also includes an interpretation domain where the behavioral response to risk information is subject to in-group pressure. We then simulate how the strength of behavioral reaction impacts epidemic severity as measured by epidemic peak size, number of waves, and final size. Simulated behavioral response is not effective when the level of protection that prophylactic behavior provides is as small as 50% or lower. At a higher level of 75% or more, we see the emergence of multiple epidemic waves. In addition, simulations show that different behavioral response profiles can lead to various epidemic outcomes that are non-monotonic with the strength of reaction to risk information. We also modeled heterogeneity in the response profile of a population and find they can lead to less severe epidemic outcome in terms of peak size.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bert Baumgaertner
- Department of Politics and Philosophy, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States
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Vig L, Ferentzi E, Köteles F. Self-reported interoception, worries and protective behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal study. PSICOLOGIA-REFLEXAO E CRITICA 2023; 36:23. [PMID: 37650979 PMCID: PMC10471539 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-023-00267-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protective behaviors were essential for minimizing the spread of the virus during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. It is often assumed that awareness of bodily sensations (interoception) can improve decision-making and facilitate adaptive behavior. OBJECTIVE This paper investigates cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between different aspects of self-reported interoception, trait anxiety, COVID-related worry, and health protective behaviors. METHODS The study was conducted on a community sample of 265 adults. The two data collection phases took place online, before (baseline) and during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Hungary. RESULTS Contrary to our expectations, neither cross-sectional nor longitudinal associations were found between protective behaviors and indicators of self-reported interoception. However, worry at baseline predicted protective behaviors during the second wave, even after controlling for socio-economical characteristics and protective behaviors at baseline. CONCLUSION Our results highlight the adaptivity of health-related worry when behavioral steps to avoid threats are known and available. Also, higher level of perceived interoception did not appear to be health protective under these circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Vig
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
- Institute of Health Promotion and Sport Sciences, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Prielle Kornélia Utca 47-49, Budapest, 1117, Hungary.
- Ádám György Psychophysiology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Eszter Ferentzi
- Institute of Health Promotion and Sport Sciences, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Prielle Kornélia Utca 47-49, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
- Ádám György Psychophysiology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Köteles
- Ádám György Psychophysiology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
- Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church in Hungary, Budapest, Hungary
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Bouton C, Meziere P, Gaultier A, Dupouy J, Rat C. Identification of factors associated with non-adherence to recommended COVID-19 preventive behaviours: a cross-sectional study based on a survey among 1004 French primary care professionals. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e071215. [PMID: 37643842 PMCID: PMC10465903 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-071215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, adherence to preventive behaviours to limit virus spread has been a major issue. The study objective was to identify factors associated with non-adherence to preventive behaviours among general practitioners (GPs) during the COVID-19 pandemic using data from a questionnaire completed during the French National Congress of General Medicine in June 2021. DESIGN This descriptive study relied on data collected with a questionnaire during the national congress on general medicine in Bordeaux, France, from 16-18 June 2021. SETTING The study was conducted in primary care in France. PARTICIPANTS Out of a total of 1004 GPs and GP trainees, 755 completed the questionnaire during conferences and 249 were contacted by mail. RESULTS The questionnaire included questions on sociodemographic characteristics and COVID-19 related preventive behaviours, beliefs and experiences. Answers to questions that explored the Health Belief Model components were selected and then compared among participants who reported appropriate preventive behaviours (wearing face masks and social distancing) and participants who reported non-adherence. Analysis was based on multivariate logistic regression.The responders' mean age was 35.8 years; 61.64% were women, 61.9% were practising GPs and 37.2% were GP trainees. Moreover, 96.6% of participants had completed the COVID-19 vaccination schedule. Non-adherence (reported by 72/1004 participants) was more frequent among smokers (OR=2.57, 95% CI 1.29 to 4.83, p=0.005) and younger participants (OR=0.95, 95% CI 0.92 to 0.98, p=0.005). Complete COVID-19 vaccination or a previous infection was not associated with non-adherence and has been poorly described. CONCLUSION More studies are needed to confirm the factors involved in the adoption of COVID-19 preventive behaviours by healthcare professionals and to explore the beliefs and barriers to the adoption of these behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Bouton
- Department of General Practice, Université de Nantes, Nantes, Pays de la Loire, France
| | - Pauline Meziere
- Department of General Practice, Université de Nantes, Nantes, Pays de la Loire, France
| | - Aurelie Gaultier
- Research Department, Methodology and Biostatistics Platform, University Hospital of Nantes, Universite de Nantes, Nantes, Pays de la Loire, France
| | - Julie Dupouy
- Department of General Practice, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- French National College of General Practioners, CNGE, Paris, Île-de-France, France
| | - Cédric Rat
- Department of General Practice, Université de Nantes, Nantes, Pays de la Loire, France
- French National College of General Practioners, CNGE, Paris, Île-de-France, France
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7
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Purić D, Petrović MB, Živanović M, Lukić P, Zupan Z, Branković M, Ninković M, Lazarević LB, Stanković S, Žeželj I. Development of a novel instrument for assessing intentional non-adherence to official medical recommendations (iNAR-12): a sequential mixed-methods study in Serbia. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e069978. [PMID: 37369402 PMCID: PMC10410978 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to (1) develop a novel instrument, suitable for the general population, capturing intentional non-adherence (iNAR), consisting of non-adherence to prescribed therapy, self-medication and avoidance of seeking medical treatment; (2) differentiate it from other forms of non-adherence, for example, smoking; and (3) relate iNAR to patient-related factors, such as sociodemographics, health status and endorsement of irrational beliefs (conspiratorial thinking and superstitions) and to healthcare-related beliefs and experiences ((mis)trust and negative experiences with the healthcare system, normalisation of patient passivity). DESIGN То generate iNAR items, we employed a focus group with medical doctors, supplemented it with a literature search and invited a public health expert to refine it further. We examined the internal structure and predictors of iNAR in an observational study. SETTING Data were collected online using snowball sampling and social networks. PARTICIPANTS After excluding those who failed one or more out of three attention checks, the final sample size was n=583 adult Serbian citizens, 74.4% female, mean age 39.01 years (SD=12.10). PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The primary, planned outcome is the iNAR Questionnaire, while smoking was used for comparison purposes. RESULTS Factor analysis yielded a one-factor solution, and the final 12-item iNAR Questionnaire had satisfactory internal reliability (alpha=0.72). Health condition and healthcare-related variables accounted for 14% of the variance of iNAR behaviours, whereas sociodemographics and irrational beliefs did not additionally contribute. CONCLUSIONS We constructed a brief yet comprehensive measure of iNAR behaviours and related them to health and sociodemographic variables and irrational beliefs. The findings suggest that public health interventions should attempt to improve patients' experiences with the system and build trust with their healthcare practitioners rather than aim at specific demographic groups or at correcting patients' unfounded beliefs. STUDY REGISTRATION The design and confirmatory analyses plan were preregistered (https://osf.io/pnugm).
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Affiliation(s)
- D Purić
- Department of Psychology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Laboratory for Research of Individual Differences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - M B Petrović
- Department of Psychology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Laboratory for Research of Individual Differences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - M Živanović
- Laboratory for Research of Individual Differences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Institute for Psychology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - P Lukić
- Department of Psychology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Laboratory for Research of Individual Differences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Z Zupan
- Laboratory for Research of Individual Differences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Institute for Psychology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - M Branković
- Institute for Philosophy and Social Theory, Belgrade, Serbia
- Singidunum University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - M Ninković
- Department of Psychology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Laboratory for Research of Individual Differences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - L B Lazarević
- Laboratory for Research of Individual Differences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Institute for Psychology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - S Stanković
- Laboratory for Research of Individual Differences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Institute for Psychology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - I Žeželj
- Department of Psychology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Laboratory for Research of Individual Differences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Bedewi J, Girum T, Tsegay T, Derese M, Yasin F, Kasahun A. Adherence to preventive behaviours and associated factors towards COVID-19 among adults in Gurage zone, Ethiopia, 2020: a community-based cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e068090. [PMID: 37147102 PMCID: PMC10163332 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES People's adherence to preventive practices for COVID-19 is fundamental to controlling the transmission of the virus. Therefore, this study is aimed at assessing adherence to preventive practices for COVID-19 and associated factors among the general population in Gurage zone, Ethiopia. METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted to assess preventive practices and associated factors for COVID-19 among adults in the Gurage zone. The study is based on health belief model constructs. The study involved 398 participants. A multistage sampling technique was employed to recruit study participants. An interviewer-administered, close-ended, structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Binary and multivariable logistic regressions were used to identify independent predictors of the outcome variable. RESULTS The overall adherence to all recommended preventive behaviours of COVID-19 was 17.7%. The majority of respondents (73.1%) practice at least one of the recommended preventive behaviours for COVID-19. Among adults' COVID-19 preventive behaviours score, wearing a face mask was the highest (82.3%) and social distancing was the lowest (35.4%). Residence adjusted OR (AOR)) 3.42 (95% CI 1.6 to 7.31), marital status AOR 0.33 (95% CI (0.15 to 0.71)), knowledge of the absence/presence of the COVID-19 vaccine AOR 0.45 (95% CI (0.21 to 0.95)) and self-rated level of knowledge as poor AOR 0.052 (95% CI 0.036 to 0.18) and self-rated level of knowledge as not bad AOR 0.14 (95% CI 0.09 to 0.82) were significantly associated with social distancing practice. Factors affecting other COVID-19 preventive behaviours are described in the 'Results' section. CONCLUSION Prevalence of good adherence to recommended preventive behaviours for COVID-19 was very low. Residence, marital status, knowledge of vaccine presence, knowledge of curative drug presence, knowledge of the incubation period, the self-rated level of knowledge and perceived risk to be infected with COVID-19 are significantly associated factors with adherence to preventive behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jemal Bedewi
- Department of Public Health, Wolkite University, Welkite, Ethiopia
| | - Tadele Girum
- Department of Public Health, Wolkite University, Welkite, Ethiopia
| | | | - Mohamed Derese
- Department of Statistics, Wolkite University, Welkite, Ethiopia
| | - Fedila Yasin
- Department of Statistics, Wolkite University, Welkite, Ethiopia
| | - Abebaw Kasahun
- Department of Public Health, Wolkite University, Welkite, Ethiopia
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Krieger E, Sharashova E, Kudryavtsev AV, Samodova O, Kontsevaya A, Brenn T, Postoev V. COVID-19: seroprevalence and adherence to preventive measures in Arkhangelsk, Northwest Russia. Infect Dis (Lond) 2023; 55:316-327. [PMID: 36919829 DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2023.2179660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The published estimates of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Russia are few. The study aimed to assess the SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Arkhangelsk (Northwest Russia), in a year after the start of the pandemic, to evaluate the population adherence to non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), and to investigate characteristics associated with COVID-19 seropositive status. METHODS We conducted a SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence study between 24 February and 30 June 2021 involving 1332 adults aged 40-74 years. Logistic regression models were fit to identify factors associated with seropositive status and with adherence to NPIs. RESULTS Less than half (48.9%) of study participants adhered all recommended NPIs. Male sex (odds ratio [OR] 1.7, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.3; 2.3), regular employment (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.3; 2.5) and low confidence in the efficiency of the NPIs (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.5; 2.5) were associated with low adherence to internationally recommended NPIs. The SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence rate was 65.1% (95% CI: 62.5; 67.6) and increased to 73.0% (95% CI: 67.1; 85.7) after adjustment for test performance. Regular employment (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.5; 2.8) and current smoking (OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2; 0.5) were associated with being seropositive due to the infection. CONCLUSIONS Two third of the study population were seropositive in a year after the onset of the pandemic in Arkhangelsk. Individuals with infection-acquired immunity were more likely to have regular work and less likely to be smokers. The adherence to NPIs was not found associated with getting the virus during the first year of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Krieger
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,International Research Competence Centre, Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina Sharashova
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Alexander V Kudryavtsev
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,International Research Competence Centre, Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation
| | - Olga Samodova
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation
| | - Anna Kontsevaya
- Department of Public Health, National Medical Research Centre for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Tormod Brenn
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Vitaly Postoev
- Department of Research Methodology, Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation
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Chow A, Guo H. Community adoption of protective behaviours: before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Clin Microbiol Infect 2023; 29:663-664. [PMID: 36739971 PMCID: PMC9898048 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Chow
- Department of Preventive and Population Medicine, Office of Clinical Epidemiology, Analytics, and Knowledge (OCEAN), Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore; Respiratory and Infectious Disease Programme, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
| | - Huiling Guo
- Department of Preventive and Population Medicine, Office of Clinical Epidemiology, Analytics, and Knowledge (OCEAN), Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
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Hirama C, Zeng Z, Nawa N, Fujiwara T. Association between Cooperative Attitude and High-Risk Behaviors on the Spread of COVID-19 Infection among Medical Students in Japan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16578. [PMID: 36554457 PMCID: PMC9779192 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The impact of high-risk behaviors on the spread of COVID-19 infection among young people is an important problem to address. This study analyzed the association between cooperativeness and high-risk behaviors. We conducted a cross-sectional study among fourth-year medical students at Tokyo Medical and Dental University. The students were asked about cooperative attitude in a hypothetical situation of performing a task together with an unfamiliar classmate, who did not cooperate to complete the task previously. The response items were as follows: "cooperate", "don't want to cooperate and do it alone (non-cooperative)", and "don't want to cooperate and let the partner do it alone (punishment)". Eating out and vaccine hesitancy were also treated as high-risk behaviors. Poisson regression was used to investigate the association between cooperative attitude and each high-risk behavior, adjusted for demographics. Of the 98 students, 23 (23.5%), 44 (44.9%), and 31 (31.6%) students chose "noncooperative", "cooperative", and "punishment", respectively. Cooperative-type students exhibited 2.77-fold (PR: 2.77, 95% CI: 1.03-7.46), and punishment-type students exhibited 3.16-fold greater risk of eating or drinking out (PR: 3.16, 95% CI: 1.14-8.75) compared with those of the noncooperative type. Among medical students, the "cooperative" type and "punishment" type comprised the high-risk group for eating out during the pandemic.
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Butty A, Bühler N, Pasquier J, Dupraz J, Faivre V, Estoppey S, Rawlinson C, Gonseth Nusslé S, Bochud M, D'Acremont V. Adherence to Coronavirus Disease 2019 Preventive Measures in a Representative Sample of the Population of the Canton of Vaud, Switzerland. Int J Public Health 2022; 67:1605048. [PMID: 36090841 PMCID: PMC9453818 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1605048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: We quantified adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures and explored associated factors, after the first and during the second Swiss epidemic waves.Methods: With an observational cohort study in a representative sample of individuals aged 15 years and more, we analysed the association between self-reported adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures (respect of simple hygiene rules; respect of social distancing rules; wearing a mask) and socio-demographic factors, the existence of a chronic disease, and the existence of a previous confirmed COVID-19 episode.Results: Highest adherence was to simple hygiene rules, followed by social distancing rules and mask wearing, with a slight decrease for simple hygiene rules and a strong increase for mask wearing between visits. Men were significantly less likely to respect simple hygiene rules and wear a mask in public. Participants aged 65 years and more (versus 25–64 years) and those with at least one chronic disease (versus none) were two times more likely to respect social distancing rules and wear a mask.Conclusion: Adherence to social distancing rules and mask wearing was rather poor, especially compared to other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Butty
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nolwenn Bühler
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- STS Lab, Institute of Social Sciences, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Pasquier
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julien Dupraz
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Faivre
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sandrine Estoppey
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cloé Rawlinson
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Semira Gonseth Nusslé
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Murielle Bochud
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Valérie D'Acremont
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Fauk NK, Seran AL, Raymond C, Merry MS, Tahir R, Asa GA, Ward PR. Why Do We Not Follow Lifesaving Rules? Factors Affecting Nonadherence to COVID-19 Prevention Guidelines in Indonesia: Healthcare Professionals’ Perspectives. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148502. [PMID: 35886355 PMCID: PMC9317770 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to understand Indonesian healthcare professionals’ (HCPs) perceptions and experiences regarding barriers to both HCP and community adherence to COVID-19 prevention guidelines in their social life. This methodologically qualitative study employed in-depth interviewing as its method for primary data collection. Twenty-three HCP participants were recruited using the snowball sampling technique. Data analysis was guided by the Five Steps of Qualitative Data Analysis introduced through Ritchie and Spencer’s Framework Analysis. The Theory of Planned Behaviour was used to guide study conceptualisation, data analysis and discussions of the findings. Results demonstrated that HCP adherence to COVID-19 prevention guidelines was influenced by subjective norms, such as social influence and disapproval towards preventive behaviours, and perceived behavioural control or external factors. Findings also demonstrated that HCPs perceived that community nonadherence to preventive guidelines was influenced by their behavioural intentions and attitudes, such as disbelief in COVID-19-related information provided by the government, distrust in HCPs, and belief in traditional ritual practices to ward off misfortune. Subjective norms, including negative social pressure and concerns of social rejection, and perceived behavioural control reflected in lack of personal protective equipment and poverty, were also barriers to community adherence. The findings indicate that policymakers in remote, multicultural locales in Indonesia such as East Nusa Tenggara (Nusa Tenggara Timur or NTT) must take into consideration that familial and traditional (social) ties and bonds override individual agency where personal action is strongly guided by long-held social norms. Thus, while agency-focused preventive policies which encourage individual actions (hand washing, mask wearing) are essential, in NTT they must be augmented by social change, advocating with trusted traditional (adat) and religious leaders to revise norms in the context of a highly transmissible pandemic virus. Future large-scale studies are recommended to explore the influence of socio-cultural barriers to HCP and community adherence to preventive guidelines, which can better inform health policy and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelsensius Klau Fauk
- Research Centre for Public Health Policy, Torrens University Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia; (N.K.F.); (C.R.); (G.A.A.)
- Institute of Resource Governance and Social Change, Kupang 85227, Indonesia
| | - Alfonsa Liquory Seran
- Atapupu Public Health Centre, Health Department of Belu District, Atambua 85752, Indonesia;
| | - Christopher Raymond
- Research Centre for Public Health Policy, Torrens University Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia; (N.K.F.); (C.R.); (G.A.A.)
| | - Maria Silvia Merry
- Medicine Faculty, Duta Wacana Christian University, Yogyakarta 55224, Indonesia;
| | - Roheena Tahir
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide 5042, Australia;
| | - Gregorius Abanit Asa
- Research Centre for Public Health Policy, Torrens University Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia; (N.K.F.); (C.R.); (G.A.A.)
| | - Paul Russell Ward
- Research Centre for Public Health Policy, Torrens University Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia; (N.K.F.); (C.R.); (G.A.A.)
- Correspondence:
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Lusmilasari L, Putra ADM, Sandhi A, Saifullah AD. COVID-19 Preventive Behavior Practices and Determinants: A Scoping Review. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.8162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Coronary Heart Diseases (CHD) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Proper management for CHD patients is needed to reduce mortality. Nurses have a very important role in making CHD patients can carry out optimal health behaviors.
AIM: This review study aims to identify the effect of the nurse-led program on CHD patients.
METHODS: This systematic review was based on four electronic databases (Scopus, Science Direct, ProQuest, SAGE Journals) and published between 2011 and 2020. This review used the Joanna Briggs Institute and Prisma guidelines. The study’s eligibility was assessed from the title, abstract, research methodology, and full text. The review results were presented in tabulated data and narrative form.
RESULTS: Nine articles showed that the nurse-led program significantly improved health behavior, health-related quality of life, clinical outcome, and illness perception in CHD patients.
CONCLUSIONS: It is expected that the improvement of management in CHD patients will improve patients’ quality of life. Hence, it could reduce the number of morbidities and mortality.
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