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Omonkhua AA, Otitolaiye C, Aguebor-Ogie B, Elekofehinti O, Okello E, Onoagbe I, Okonofua F. Anti-diabetic, anti-pancreatic lipase, and anti-protein glycation potential of Irvingia gabonensis stem bark extracts: in vitro and in silico studies. In Silico Pharmacol 2024; 12:43. [PMID: 38751710 PMCID: PMC11091014 DOI: 10.1007/s40203-024-00219-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that affects glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism. Targeting these metabolic derangements can optimize the therapeutic strategies for this disease. Utilizing in vitro and in silico models, this study investigated the ability of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Irvingia gabonensis to inhibit α-amylase, α-glucosidase, pancreatic lipase, and protein glycation. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to identify the compounds found in the stem bark of I. gabonensis. In silico analysis determined the binding mode and mechanism of interactions between the enzymes and phytochemicals. With an IC50 value of 11.47 µg/ml, the aqueous extract demonstrated higher inhibitory efficacy against α-amylase compared to the ethanol extract (IC50 19.88 µg/ml). However, the ethanol extract had stronger inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase, pancreatic lipase, and protein glycation compared to the aqueous extract (IC50 values of 3.05, 32.85, 0.0014 versus 25.72, 332.42, 0.018 µg/ml respectively). Quercetin ranked highest in binding energy with α-amylase (-6.6 kcal/mol), α-glucosidase (-6.6 kcal/mol), and pancreatic lipase (-5.6 kcal/mol). This was followed by rhamnetin (6.5, 6.5, and 6.1 kcal/mol respectively). Hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, and pi-pi stacking are forces responsible for the binding of quercetin and rhamnetin to these enzymes. Molecular dynamics simulation showed that the lead phytochemicals formed stable and energetically stabilized complexes with the target proteins. This study showed that the extracts of I. gabonensis stem bark had significant in vitro anti-diabetic, anti-pancreatic lipase, and anti-protein glycation activities. The strong binding affinities of some of the identified compounds could be responsible for the inhibitory potential of the extracts. I. gabonensis stem bark could be further explored as a natural remedy for the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhere A. Omonkhua
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin, Nigeria
| | - Catherine Otitolaiye
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Sokoto State University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Bobby Aguebor-Ogie
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin, Nigeria
| | - Olusola Elekofehinti
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Edward Okello
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Iyere Onoagbe
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin, Nigeria
| | - Friday Okonofua
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Benin, Benin, Nigeria
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Mani J, Johnson J, Hosking H, Schmidt L, Batley R, du Preez R, Broszczak D, Walsh K, Neilsen P, Naiker M. Bioassay-Guided Fractionation of Pittosporum angustifolium and Terminalia ferdinandiana with Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy Exploratory Study. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:807. [PMID: 38592847 PMCID: PMC10974205 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Bioprospecting native Australian plants offers the potential discovery of latent and novel bioactive compounds. The promising cytotoxic and antibacterial activity of methanolic extracts of Pittosporum angustifolium and Terminalia ferdinandiana led to further fractionation and isolation using our laboratory's bioassay-guided fractionation protocol. Hence, the aim of this study was to further evaluate the bioactivity of the fractions and subfractions and characterize bioactive compounds using liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography MS (GC-MS). Compounds tentatively identified in P. angustifolium Fraction 1 using LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS were chlorogenic acid and/or neochlorogenic acid, bergapten, berberine, 8'-epitanegool and rosmarinic acid. GC-MS analysis data showed the presence of around 100 compounds, mainly comprising carboxylic acids, sugars, sugar alcohols, amino acids and monoalkylglycerols. Furthermore, the fractions obtained from T. ferdinandiana flesh extracts showed no cytotoxicity, except against HT29 cell lines, and only Fraction 2 exhibited some antibacterial activity. The reduced bioactivity observed in the T. ferdinandiana fractions could be attributed to the potential loss of synergy as compounds become separated within the fractions. As a result, the further fractionation and separation of compounds in these samples was not pursued. However, additional dose-dependent studies are warranted to validate the bioactivity of T. ferdinandiana flesh fractions, particularly since this is an understudied species. Moreover, LC-MS/GC-MS studies confirm the presence of bioactive compounds in P. angustifolium Fraction 1/subfractions, which helps to explain the significant acute anticancer activity of this plant. The screening process designed in this study has the potential to pave the way for developing scientifically validated phytochemical/bioactivity information on ethnomedicinal plants, thereby facilitating further bioprospecting efforts and supporting the discovery of novel drugs in modern medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janice Mani
- College of Science and Sustainability, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia; (J.J.); (H.H.); (R.B.); (R.d.P.); (K.W.); (P.N.); (M.N.)
- Institute for Future Farming Systems, CQUniversity, Bundaberg, QLD 4670, Australia
| | - Joel Johnson
- College of Science and Sustainability, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia; (J.J.); (H.H.); (R.B.); (R.d.P.); (K.W.); (P.N.); (M.N.)
- Institute for Future Farming Systems, CQUniversity, Bundaberg, QLD 4670, Australia
| | - Holly Hosking
- College of Science and Sustainability, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia; (J.J.); (H.H.); (R.B.); (R.d.P.); (K.W.); (P.N.); (M.N.)
| | - Luke Schmidt
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; (L.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Ryan Batley
- College of Science and Sustainability, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia; (J.J.); (H.H.); (R.B.); (R.d.P.); (K.W.); (P.N.); (M.N.)
| | - Ryan du Preez
- College of Science and Sustainability, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia; (J.J.); (H.H.); (R.B.); (R.d.P.); (K.W.); (P.N.); (M.N.)
| | - Daniel Broszczak
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; (L.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Kerry Walsh
- College of Science and Sustainability, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia; (J.J.); (H.H.); (R.B.); (R.d.P.); (K.W.); (P.N.); (M.N.)
- Institute for Future Farming Systems, CQUniversity, Bundaberg, QLD 4670, Australia
| | - Paul Neilsen
- College of Science and Sustainability, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia; (J.J.); (H.H.); (R.B.); (R.d.P.); (K.W.); (P.N.); (M.N.)
| | - Mani Naiker
- College of Science and Sustainability, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia; (J.J.); (H.H.); (R.B.); (R.d.P.); (K.W.); (P.N.); (M.N.)
- Institute for Future Farming Systems, CQUniversity, Bundaberg, QLD 4670, Australia
- Jawun Research Centre, Cairns, QLD 4870, Australia
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Wanjala Wafula K, Kiambi Mworia J, Piero Ngugi M. Phytochemical Screening and In Vitro Evaluation of the Antioxidant Potential of Dichloromethane Extracts of Strychnos henningsii Gilg. and Ficus sycomorus L. ScientificWorldJournal 2023. [DOI: 10.1155/2023/8494176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants are a rich source of antioxidants such as flavonoids, phenols, tannins, and alkaloids among others and are currently used as alternative and complementary drugs in the management of stress-related disorders. Strychnos henningsii and Ficus sycomorus have been traditionally used by the people of Mbeere, Embu county, Kenya, as medicine for the treatment of various oxidative stress-related disorders such as diabetes and rheumatism; however, no empirical data are available to authenticate the said claim. The aim of this study was to evaluate preliminary phytochemical screening and in vitro antioxidant activity of dichloromethane (DCM) leaf extract of S. henningsii and stem bark extract of F. sycomorus using DPPH, hydrogen peroxide, and ferric reducing power assays; total flavonoids and phenolic compounds were also determined by colorimetric assay and Folin–Ciocalteu reaction, respectively. Phytochemical screening showed that both extracts possessed saponins, flavonoids, phenols, steroids, alkaloids, and cardiac glycosides; however, terpenoids were found to be absent in S. henningsii. The total phenolic and flavonoid content of the DCM stem bark extract of F. sycomorus was lower than that of the leaf extract of S. henningsii. These extracts significantly exhibited strong antioxidant activities at different concentrations tested. The IC50 values of S. henningsii and F. sycomorus were 0.325 mg/ml and 0.330 mg/ml for hydrogen peroxide and 0.068 mg/ml and 0.062 mg/ml for DPPH, respectively. Both DCM leaf and stem bark extracts of S. henningsii and F. sycomorus were found to have strong ferric reducing power. Therefore, both extracts showed significant nonenzyme-based antioxidant activities. The two plants possess phytochemicals that have significant antioxidant properties.
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Mani J, Johnson J, Hosking H, Hoyos BE, Walsh KB, Neilsen P, Naiker M. Bioassay Guided Fractionation Protocol for Determining Novel Active Compounds in Selected Australian Flora. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2886. [PMID: 36365337 PMCID: PMC9654191 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A large variety of unique and distinct flora of Australia have developed exceptional survival methods and phytochemicals and hence may provide a significant avenue for new drug discovery. This study proposes a bioassay guided fractionation protocol that maybe robust and efficient in screening plants with potential bioactive properties and isolating lead novel compounds. Hence, five native Australian plants were selected for this screening process, namely Pittosporum angustifolium (Gumbi gumbi), Terminalia ferdinandiana (Kakadu plum, seeds (KPS), and flesh (KPF)), Cupaniopsis anacardioides (Tuckeroo, seeds (TKS) and flesh (TKF)), Podocarpus elatus (Illawarra plum, seeds (IPS) and flesh (IPF)) and Pleiogynium timoriense (Burdekin plum, seeds (BPS) and flesh (BPF)). The methanolic extracts of the plants samples were analysed for Total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity measure by FRAP. The highest values were found in the KPF which were 12,442 ± 1355 mg GAE/ 100 g TPC and 16,670 ± 2275 mg TXE/100 g antioxidant capacity. Extracts of GGL was deemed to be most potent with complete cell inhibition in HeLa and HT29, and about 95% inhibition in HuH7 cells. Comparative activity was also seen for KPS extract, where more than 80% cell inhibition occurred in all tested cell lines. Dose-dependent studies showed higher SI values (0.72-1.02) in KPS extracts than GGL (0.5-0.73). Microbial assays of the crude extracts were also performed against five bacterial strains commonly associated with causing food poisoning diseases were selected (Gram positive-Staphylococcus aureus and Gram negative-Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria). KPF extracts were effective in suppressing microbial growth of all tested bacterial strains except for P. aeruginosa, while TKS and TKF were only slightly effective against S. aureus. Due to the potential of the GGL crude extract to completely inhibit the cells compared to KPS, it was further fractionated and tested against the cell lines. HPLC phenolic profiling of the crude extracts were performed, and numerous peak overlaps were evident in the fruit extracts. The KPF extracts demonstrated the strongest peaks which was coherent with the fact that it had the highest TPC and antioxidant capacity values. A high occurrence of t-ferulic acid in the GGL extracts was found which may explain the cytotoxic activity of GGL extracts. Peaks in KPS and KPF extracts were tentatively identified as gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and syringic acid and possibly ellagic acid. HPLC time-based fractionation of the GGL extract (F1-F5) was performed and Dose dependent cytotoxic effects were determined. It was construed that F1, having the highest SI value for HeLa, HT29 and HuH7 (1.60, 1.41 and 1.67, respectively) would be promising for further fractionation and isolation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janice Mani
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Hwy, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
- Institute of Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland University, Bruce Hwy, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
| | - Joel Johnson
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Hwy, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
- Institute of Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland University, Bruce Hwy, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
| | - Holly Hosking
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Hwy, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
| | - Beatriz E. Hoyos
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Hwy, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
- Institute of Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland University, Bruce Hwy, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
| | - Kerry B. Walsh
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Hwy, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
- Institute of Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland University, Bruce Hwy, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
| | - Paul Neilsen
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Hwy, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
| | - Mani Naiker
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Hwy, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
- Institute of Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland University, Bruce Hwy, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
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Nurcahyanti ADR, Jap A, Lady J, Prismawan D, Sharopov F, Daoud R, Wink M, Sobeh M. Function of selected natural antidiabetic compounds with potential against cancer via modulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR cascade. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112138. [PMID: 34750026 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder with growing global incidence, as 387 million people were diagnosed in 2014 with an expected projection of 642 million in 2040. Several complications are associated with DM including heart attack, stroke, kidney failure, blindness, and cancer. The latter is the second leading cause of death worldwide accounting for one in every six deaths, with liver, pancreas, and endometrium cancers are the most abundant among patients with diabetes. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway plays a vital role in developing a wide array of pathological disorders, among them diabetes and cancer. Natural secondary metabolites that counteract the deleterious effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and modulate PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway could be a promising approach in cancer therapy. Here, 717 medicinal plants with antidiabetic activities were highlighted along with 357 bioactive compounds responsible for the antidiabetic activity. Also, 43 individual plant compounds with potential antidiabetic activities against cancer via the modulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR cascade were identified. Taken together, the available data give an insight of the potential of repurposing medicinal plants and/or the individual secondary metabolites with antidiabetic activities for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustina Dwi Retno Nurcahyanti
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, 14440 Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Adeline Jap
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, 14440 Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Jullietta Lady
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, 14440 Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Deka Prismawan
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, 14440 Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Farukh Sharopov
- Chinese-Tajik Innovation Center for Natural Products, National Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan, Ayni str. 299/2, 734063, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
| | - Rachid Daoud
- African Genome Center, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mansour Sobeh
- AgroBiosciences Research, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660-Hay Moulay Rachid, 43150 Ben-Guerir, Morocco.
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Chakraborty R, Roy S. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors from plants: A review of their diversity, modes of action, prospects, and concerns in the management of diabetes-centric complications. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2021; 19:478-492. [PMID: 34642085 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2021.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are antihypertensive medications often used in the treatment of diabetes-related complications. Synthetic ACE inhibitors are known to cause serious side effects like hypotension, renal insufficiency, and hyperkalaemia. Therefore, there has been an intensifying search for natural ACE inhibitors. Many plants or plant-based extracts are known to possess ACE-inhibitory activity. In this review, articles focusing on the natural ACE inhibitors extracted from plants were retrieved from databases like Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. We have found more than 50 plant species with ACE-inhibitory activity. Among them, Angelica keiskei, Momordica charantia, Muntingia calabura, Prunus domestica, and Peperomia pellucida were the most potent, showing comparatively lower half-maximal inhibitory concentration values. Among the bioactive metabolites, peptides (e.g., Tyr-Glu-Pro, Met-Arg-Trp, and Gln-Phe-Tyr-Ala-Val), phenolics (e.g., cyanidin-3-O-sambubioside and delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside), flavonoids ([-]-epicatechin, astilbin, and eupatorin), terpenoids (ursolic acid and oleanolic acid) and alkaloids (berberine and harmaline) isolated from several plant and fungus species were found to possess significant ACE-inhibitory activity. These were also known to possess promising antioxidant, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic and anti-inflammatory activities. Considering the minimal side effects and lower toxicity of herbal compounds, development of antihypertensive drugs from these plant extracts or phytocompounds for the treatment of diabetes-associated complications is an important endeavour. This review, therefore, focuses on the ACE inhibitors extracted from different plant sources, their possible mechanisms of action, present status, and any safety concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakhi Chakraborty
- Department of Botany, A.P.C. Roy Government College, Matigara 734010, West Bengal, India
| | - Swarnendu Roy
- Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur 734011, West Bengal, India.
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Jaunay EL, Dhillon VS, Semple SJ, Simpson BS, Ghetia M, Deo P, Fenech M. Genotoxicity of advanced glycation end products in vitro is influenced by their preparation temperature, purification, and cell exposure time. Mutagenesis 2021; 36:445-455. [PMID: 34612487 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geab037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are formed via non-enzymatic reactions between amino groups of proteins and the carbonyl groups of reducing sugars. Previous studies have shown that highly glycated albumin prepared using a glucose-bovine serum albumin (Glu-BSA) model system incubated at 60°C for 6 weeks induces genotoxicity in WIL2-NS cells at 9 days of exposure measured by the cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome (CBMNcyt) assay. However, this AGE model system is not physiologically relevant as normal body temperature is 37°C and the degree of glycation may exceed the extent of albumin modification in vivo. We hypothesised that the incubation temperature and purification method used in these studies may cause changes to the chemical profile of the glycated albumin and may influence the extent of genotoxicity observed at 3, 6 and 9 days of exposure. We prepared AGEs generated using Glu-BSA model systems incubated at 60°C or 37°C purified using trichloroacetic acid (TCA) precipitation or ultrafiltration (UF) and compared their chemical profile (glycation, oxidation, and aggregation) and genotoxicity in WIL2-NS cells using the CBMNcyt assay after 3, 6, and 9 days of exposure. The number of micronuclei (MNi) was significantly higher for cells treated with Glu-BSA incubated at 60°C and purified via TCA (12 ± 1 MNi/1000 binucleated cells) compared to Glu-BSA incubated at 37°C and purified using UF (6 ± 1 MNi/1000 binucleated cells) after 9 days (p < 0.0001). The increase in genotoxicity observed could be explained by a higher level of protein glycation, oxidation, and aggregation of the Glu-BSA model system incubated at 60°C relative to 37°C. This study highlighted that the incubation temperature, purification method and cell exposure time are important variables to consider when generating AGEs in vitro and will enable future studies to better reflect in vivo situations of albumin glycation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Jaunay
- University of South Australia, Clinical and Health Sciences, Health and Biomedical Innovation, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide SA, 5001, Australia.,University of South Australia, Clinical and Health Sciences, Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Varinderpal S Dhillon
- University of South Australia, Clinical and Health Sciences, Health and Biomedical Innovation, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Susan J Semple
- University of South Australia, Clinical and Health Sciences, Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Bradley S Simpson
- University of South Australia, Clinical and Health Sciences, Health and Biomedical Innovation, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Maulik Ghetia
- University of South Australia, Clinical and Health Sciences, Health and Biomedical Innovation, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Permal Deo
- University of South Australia, Clinical and Health Sciences, Health and Biomedical Innovation, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Michael Fenech
- University of South Australia, Clinical and Health Sciences, Health and Biomedical Innovation, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide SA, 5001, Australia.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
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Role of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids on dicarbonyl-albumin derived advanced glycation end products in vitro. Amino Acids 2021; 54:721-732. [PMID: 34424383 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-03069-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Glycation is a non-enzymatic reaction that occurs between the free amino group of proteins and reducing sugars and/or lipids, leading to the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). The reaction also produces reactive oxygen species that have detrimental effects on cellular and extracellular proteins. Aminoguanidine is a known inhibitor of AGEs, and some fatty acids are known to have a beneficial role in vivo by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. However, the role of fatty acids on AGE formation has not been thoroughly reported. We investigated the role of a range of fatty acids in the formation of AGEs and their reactive intermediates using an in vitro BSA-dicarbonyl model. The model assessed a time-dependent (0-72 h) and dicarbonyl concentration (0-2 mM) -dependent studies for the optimal formation of AGEs. A 72 h time point was found to be optimal for the reaction of BSA with either methylglyoxal (MGO) or glyoxal (GO) to generate AGE-BSA complexes. When arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic or docosahexaenoic acids were included in the reaction, a significant decrease in protein-bound fluorescent AGEs was seen compared to the respective controls. In contrast, saturated and 18 carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids showed no significant activity. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis showed saturated fatty acids significantly decreased the production of Nε-carboxymethyllysine (CML) and Nε-carboxyethyllysine (CEL) from GO and MGO models, respectively, whilst increasing methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone (MG-H1). In contrast, arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids did not significantly change either CEL or MG-H1 compared to no treatment controls whilst significantly reducing CML levels.
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Bashir K, Naz S, Farooq U, Wahid F, Shah AJ, McCauley EP, Crews P, Khan T. Assessing the ethnobotanical potential of Carissa opaca berries by merging outcomes from metabolomics profiling, enzyme assays, and in silico docking studies. Food Chem 2021; 363:130259. [PMID: 34116492 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The phytochemical profile of Carissa opaca fruit extract and fractions was established through dereplication strategies employing LC-MS/MS and global natural product social molecular networking (GNPS). Crude extract and fractions were evaluated for their potential to inhibit α-glucosidase and urease in vitro. Flavonoid-O-glycosides, flavonoid-C-glycosides, flavonoids, proanthocyanidin B2, phenolics, and triterpenoids were annotated as the major classes of secondary metabolites present in the extract and fractions. α-Glucosidase inhibition was associated with n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions comparable to acarbose (IC50 = 120.43 µg/mL) with IC50 values of 123.67 and 131.72 µg/mL, respectively. The ethyl acetate fraction showed good urease inhibition comparable with thiourea (IC50 = 103.71 µg/mL) with an IC50 value of 109.14 µg/mL. Molecular docking studies of compounds observed in the crude extract and bioactive fractions had significant binding scores, which supported results for enzyme inhibition in vitro. This study provided a detailed phytochemical profile of C. opaca fruit and its enzyme inhibition potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashif Bashir
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus 22060, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Naz
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus 22060, Pakistan
| | - Umar Farooq
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus 22060, Pakistan
| | - Fazli Wahid
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pak-Austria Fachhochschule: Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Mang, Khanpur Road, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Jabbar Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus 22060, Pakistan
| | - Erin P McCauley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Dominguez Hills, Carson, CA 90747, United States
| | - Phillip Crews
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States
| | - Taous Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus 22060, Pakistan.
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10
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Deo P, McCullough CL, Almond T, Jaunay EL, Donnellan L, Dhillon VS, Fenech M. Dietary sugars and related endogenous advanced glycation end-products increase chromosomal DNA damage in WIL2-NS cells, measured using cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay. Mutagenesis 2020; 35:169-177. [PMID: 31971590 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geaa002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of glucose and fructose, and advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) on genome damage in WIL2-NS cells, measured using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome (CBMN-Cyt) assay. The effect of AGEs was investigated using the bovine serum albumin (AGE-BSA) model system induced either with glucose (Glu-BSA) or with fructose (Fru-BSA). Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis showed higher Nε-carboxymethyllysine (CML; 26.76 ± 1.09 nmol/mg BSA) levels in the Glu-BSA model. Nε-Carboxyethyllysine (CEL; 7.87 ± 0.19 nmol/mg BSA) and methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone-1 (MG-H1; 69.77 ± 3.74 nmol/mg BSA) levels were higher in the Fru-BSA model. Genotoxic effects were measured using CBMN-Cyt assay biomarkers [binucleated(BN) cells with micronuclei (MNi), BN with nucleoplasmic bridges (NPBs) and BN with nuclear buds (NBuds)] following 9 days of treatment with either glucose, fructose, Glu-BSA or Fru-BSA. Fructose treatment exerted a significant genotoxic dose-response effect including increases of BN with MNi (R2 = 0.7704; P = 0.0031), BN with NPBs (R2 = 0.9311; P < 0.0001) and BN with NBuds (R2 = 0.7118; P = 0.0091) on cells, whereas the DNA damaging effects of glucose were less evident. High concentrations of AGEs (400-600 µg/ml) induced DNA damage; however, there was no effect on cytotoxicity indices (necrosis and apoptosis). In conclusion, this study demonstrates a potential link between physiologically high concentrations of reducing sugars or AGEs with increased chromosomal damage which is an important emerging aspect of the pathology that may be induced by diabetes. Ultimately, loss of genome integrity could accelerate the rate of ageing and increase the risk of age-related diseases over the long term. These findings indicate the need for further research on the effects of glycation on chromosomal instability and to establish whether this effect is replicated in humans in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Permal Deo
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Caitlin L McCullough
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Emma L Jaunay
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Leigh Donnellan
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Varinderpal S Dhillon
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Michael Fenech
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.,Genome Health Foundation, North Brighton, Australia
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11
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Kim S, Semple SJ, Simpson BS, Deo P. Antioxidant and Antiglycation Activities of Syzygium paniculatum Gaertn and Inhibition of Digestive Enzymes Relevant to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 75:621-627. [PMID: 33009631 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-020-00858-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) may be a contributing factor in the development of diabetes-specific vascular pathologies that affect the retina, glomerulus and peripheral nerves. In this study, Australian native food plant species Syzygium paniculatum was investigated for activities relevant to Type 2 diabetes mellitus including inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase and protein glycation. A methanolic extract of the leaves showed the strongest α-amylase inhibition (IC50 = 14.29 ± 0.82 μg/mL, p < 0.05) when compared with other extracts. For inhibition of α-glucosidase, the strongest inhibition was shown for the water, methanolic and acetone extracts of leaves with IC50 values ranging from 4.73 ± 0.96 to 7.26 ± 0.92 μg/mL. In the BSA-glucose model, fruit and leaf extracts inhibited formation of protein-bound fluorescent AGEs with IC50 values ranging between 11.82 ± 0.71 and 96.80 ± 13.41 μg/mL. Pearson's correlation analysis showed that the AGE inhibition significantly correlated with DPPH (rp = -0.8964, p < 0.05) and ABTS (rp = -0.8326, p < 0.05). α-amylase inhibitory activities strongly correlated with DPPH (rp = -0.8964, p < 0.001). α-glucosidase inhibition strongly correlated with TPC (rp = -0.9243, p < 0.05), FRAP (rp = -0.9502, p < 0.01), DPPH (rp = -0.9317, p < 0.01) and ABTS (rp = -0.9486, p < 0.01). This study provides a strong rationale for further investigation aimed at isolating and identifying the active compounds responsible for the observed effects on targets relevant to diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangseo Kim
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Susan J Semple
- Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Bradley S Simpson
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Permal Deo
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia.
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12
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Deo P, Chern C, Peake B, Tan SY. Non-nutritive sweeteners are in concomitant with the formation of endogenous and exogenous advanced glycation end-products. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2020; 71:706-714. [PMID: 31918589 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2020.1712683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the role of non-nutritive sweeteners in the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and their reactive intermediates using endogenous and exogenous models. In the endogenous model, xylitol and sorbitol formed similar levels of reactive intermediates compared to sucralose. Protein-bound fluorescent AGEs, Nε-carboxymethyllysine (CML), and Nε-carboxyethyllysine (CEL) levels in the xylitol and sorbitol treatment were significantly higher compared to the sucralose treatment. In the exogenous model, sucralose treatment showed significantly higher glyoxal and fructosamine levels compared to xylitol and sorbitol, respectively. However, protein-bound fluorescent AGEs, CML, and CEL were lower in the sucralose treatment compared to other sugar treatments. The data suggest that the structure of sugar alcohols which are similar to reducing sugars may contribute to the formation of AGEs and their reactive intermediates in the endogenous model. The long-term effects of non-nutritive sweeteners consumption on AGEs formation and health implications should be verified with population studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Permal Deo
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Christine Chern
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Brock Peake
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Sze-Yen Tan
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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13
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Wu Q, Tang S, Zhang L, Xiao J, Luo Q, Chen Y, Zhou M, Feng N, Wang C. The inhibitory effect of the catechin structure on advanced glycation end product formation in alcoholic media. Food Funct 2020; 11:5396-5408. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02887k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Catechin has a good inhibitory effect on advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation in alcoholic media, which is generated by Maillard reaction is closely related to diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wu
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics
- Hubei Research Center of Food Fermentation Engineering and Technology
- Hubei University of Technology
| | - Shimiao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics
- Hubei Research Center of Food Fermentation Engineering and Technology
- Hubei University of Technology
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization
- Anhui Agricultural University
- Hefei
- P.R. China
| | - Jinsong Xiao
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives
- Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU)
- Beijing 100048
- China
| | - Qing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics
- Hubei Research Center of Food Fermentation Engineering and Technology
- Hubei University of Technology
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics
- Hubei Research Center of Food Fermentation Engineering and Technology
- Hubei University of Technology
| | - Mengzhou Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics
- Hubei Research Center of Food Fermentation Engineering and Technology
- Hubei University of Technology
| | - Nianjie Feng
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics
- Hubei Research Center of Food Fermentation Engineering and Technology
- Hubei University of Technology
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education)
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics
- Hubei Research Center of Food Fermentation Engineering and Technology
- Hubei University of Technology
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14
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Ranjan A, Singh RK, Khare S, Tripathi R, Pandey RK, Singh AK, Gautam V, Tripathi JS, Singh SK. Characterization and evaluation of mycosterol secreted from endophytic strain of Gymnema sylvestre for inhibition of α-glucosidase activity. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17302. [PMID: 31754154 PMCID: PMC6872796 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53227-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi produce various types of chemicals for establishment of niche within the host plant. Due to symbiotic association, they secrete pharmaceutically important bioactive compounds and enzyme inhibitors. In this research article, we have explored the potent α-glucosidse inhibitor (AGI) produced from Fusarium equiseti recovered from the leaf of Gymnema sylvestre through bioassay-guided fraction. This study investigated the biodiversity, phylogeny, antioxidant activity and α-glucosidse inhibition of endophytic fungi isolated from Gymnema sylvestre. A total of 32 isolates obtained were grouped into 16 genera, according to their morphology of colony and spores. A high biodiversity of endophytic fungi were observed in G. sylvestre with diversity indices. Endophytic fungal strain Fusarium equiseti was identified through DNA sequencing and the sequence was deposited in GenBank database (https://ncbi.nim.nih.gov) with acession number: MF403109. The characterization of potent compound was done by FTIR, LC-ESI-MS and NMR spectroscopic analysis with IUPAC name 17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a] phenanthren-3-ol. The isolated bioactive compound showed significant α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition activity with IC50 values, 4.22 ± 0.0005 µg/mL and 69.72 ± 0.001 µg/mL while IC50 values of acarbose was 5.75 ± 0.007 and 55.29 ± 0.0005 µg/mL respectively. This result is higher in comparison to other previous study. The enzyme kinetics study revealed that bioactive compound was competitive inhibitor for α-amylase and α-glucosidase. In-silico study showed that bioactive compound binds to the binding site of α-amylase, similar to that of acarbose but with higher affinity. The study highlights the importance of endophytic fungi as an alternative source of AGI (α-glucosidase inhibition) to control the diabetic condition in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Ranjan
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005, India
- Department of Kayachikitsa, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005, India
- Department of Dravyaguna, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005, India
| | - Saumya Khare
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005, India
| | - Ruchita Tripathi
- Department of Dravyaguna, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Pandey
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005, India
| | - Anurag Kumar Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005, India
| | - Vibhav Gautam
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005, India
| | - Jyoti Shankar Tripathi
- Department of Kayachikitsa, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005, India.
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15
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d'Unienville NMA, Hill AM, Coates AM, Yandell C, Nelson MJ, Buckley JD. Effects of almond, dried grape and dried cranberry consumption on endurance exercise performance, recovery and psychomotor speed: protocol of a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2019; 5:e000560. [PMID: 31548903 PMCID: PMC6733316 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2019-000560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Foods rich in nutrients, such as nitrate, nitrite, L-arginine and polyphenols, can promote the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), which may induce ergogenic effects on endurance exercise performance. Thus, consuming foods rich in these components, such as almonds, dried grapes and dried cranberries (AGC), may improve athletic performance. Additionally, the antioxidant properties of these foods may reduce oxidative damage induced by intense exercise, thus improving recovery and reducing fatigue from strenuous physical training. Improvements in NO synthesis may also promote cerebral blood flow, which may improve cognitive function. Methods and analysis Ninety-six trained male cyclists or triathletes will be randomised to consume ~2550 kJ of either a mixture of AGC or a comparator snack food (oat bar) for 4 weeks during an overreaching endurance training protocol comprised of a 2-week heavy training phase, followed by a 2-week taper. The primary outcome is endurance exercise performance (5 min time-trial performance) and secondary outcomes include markers of NO synthesis (plasma and urinary nitrites and nitrates), muscle damage (serum creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase), oxidative stress (F2-isoprostanes), endurance exercise function (exercise efficiency, submaximal oxygen consumption and substrate utilisation), markers of internal training load (subjective well-being, rating of perceived exertion, maximal rate of heart rate increase and peak heart rate) and psychomotor speed (choice reaction time). Conclusion This study will evaluate whether consuming AGC improves endurance exercise performance, recovery and psychomotor speed across an endurance training programme, and evaluate the mechanisms responsible for any improvement. Trial registration number ACTRN12618000360213.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah M A d'Unienville
- School of Health Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Alison M Hill
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Alison M Coates
- School of Health Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Catherine Yandell
- School of Health Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Maximillian J Nelson
- School of Health Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jonathan D Buckley
- School of Health Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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16
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Chukwuma CI, Matsabisa MG, Ibrahim MA, Erukainure OL, Chabalala MH, Islam MS. Medicinal plants with concomitant anti-diabetic and anti-hypertensive effects as potential sources of dual acting therapies against diabetes and hypertension: A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 235:329-360. [PMID: 30769039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Diabetes and hypertension are pathophysiologically related diseases that co-exist with a wider complex of metabolic diseases having similar set of risk factors. There are numerous ethnopharmacological evidences on the anti-diabetic and/or anti-hypertensive properties of medicinal plants from various parts of the world, which are used as therapies to concomitantly manage diabetes and hypertension. AIM OF THE REVIEW This article reviewed findings on medicinal plants with both anti-diabetic and anti-hypertensive effects reported in same experimental study to facilitate the development of dual-acting therapies against diabetes and hypertension. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search was carried out on different scientific search engines including, but not limited to "PubMed", "Google Scholar", "Scopus" and ScienceDirect to identify published data in which plants in same experimental studies were reported to possess both anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hypertensive effects. Subsequently, the anti-diabetic/anti-hypertensive potency ratio (ψ) of the medicinal plants was computed. RESULTS Sixty-four studies with 102 plant species matched the selection criteria. Members of the Fabaceae family were the most investigated plants, while the ψ greatly varied across the plants, with only 11 plants having a ψ ≃ 1. Withania somnifera Dunal was the only plant reported to show blood glucose-lowering and diuretic effects in humans, comparable to daonil. Caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, caftaric acid, cichoric acid, verbascoside, leucosceptoside A, isoacteoside, fucoxanthin and nicotinamide were the reported dual acting anti-diabetic and anti-hypertensive compounds identified and/or isolated in the plants. CONCLUSIONS This review suggests that medicinal plants possess varied therapeutic dynamics against hypertension and diabetes that could be exploited for the discovery of therapeutic preparation(s) or agent(s) for treating the two diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chika Ifeanyi Chukwuma
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
| | - Motlalepula G Matsabisa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
| | | | - Ochuko L Erukainure
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Matimbha H Chabalala
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Md Shahidul Islam
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa
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17
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Meng Q, Chen F, Xiao T, Zhang L. Inhibitory effects of polysaccharide from Diaphragma juglandis fructus on α-amylase and α-d-glucosidase activity, streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia model, advanced glycation end-products formation, and H2O2-induced oxidative damage. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 124:1080-1089. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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18
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Li D, Xie Y, Na X, Li Y, Dai C, Li Y, Tan M. Insights into melanoidin conversion into fluorescent nanoparticles in the Maillard reaction. Food Funct 2019; 10:4414-4422. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00383e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Melanoidins are not the final product of the Maillard reaction, and they can be further converted to fluorescent nanoparticles after hydrothermal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Li
- School of Food Science and Technology Polytechnic University
- Dalian 116034
- People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood
- Dalian 116034
| | - Yisha Xie
- School of Food Science and Technology Polytechnic University
- Dalian 116034
- People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood
- Dalian 116034
| | - Xiaokang Na
- School of Food Science and Technology Polytechnic University
- Dalian 116034
- People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood
- Dalian 116034
| | - Yao Li
- School of Food Science and Technology Polytechnic University
- Dalian 116034
- People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood
- Dalian 116034
| | - Chengbo Dai
- School of Food Science and Technology Polytechnic University
- Dalian 116034
- People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood
- Dalian 116034
| | - Yulian Li
- School of Food Science and Technology Polytechnic University
- Dalian 116034
- People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood
- Dalian 116034
| | - Mingqian Tan
- School of Food Science and Technology Polytechnic University
- Dalian 116034
- People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood
- Dalian 116034
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19
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Sriyanti I, Edikresnha D, Rahma A, Munir MM, Rachmawati H, Khairurrijal K. Mangosteen pericarp extract embedded in electrospun PVP nanofiber mats: physicochemical properties and release mechanism of α-mangostin. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:4927-4941. [PMID: 30214198 PMCID: PMC6124466 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s167670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background α-Mangostin is a major active compound of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) pericarp extract (MPE) that has potent antioxidant activity. Unfortunately, its poor aqueous solubility limits its therapeutic application. Purpose: This paper reports a promising approach to improve the clinical use of this substance through electrospinning technique. Methods Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was explored as a hydrophilic matrix to carry α-mangostin in MPE. Physicochemical properties of MPE:PVP nanofibers with various extract-to-polymer ratios were studied, including morphology, size, crystallinity, chemical interaction, and thermal behavior. Antioxidant activity and the release of α-mangostin, as the chemical marker of MPE, from the resulting fibers were investigated. Results It was obtained that the MPE:PVP nanofiber mats were flat, bead-free, and in a size range of 387–586 nm. Peak shifts in Fourier-transform infrared spectra of PVP in the presence of MPE suggested hydrogen bond formation between MPE and PVP. The differential scanning calorimetric study revealed a noticeable endothermic event at 119°C in MPE:PVP nanofibers, indicating vaporization of moisture residue. This confirmed hygroscopic property of PVP. The absence of crystalline peaks of MPE at 2θ of 5.99°, 11.62°, and 13.01° in the X-ray diffraction patterns of electrospun MPE:PVP nanofibers showed amorphization of MPE by PVP after being electrospun. The radical scavenging activity of MPE:PVP nanofibers exhibited lower IC50 value (55–67 µg/mL) in comparison with pure MPE (69 µg/mL). The PVP:MPE nanofibers tremendously increased the antioxidant activity of α-mangostin as well as its release rate. Applying high voltage in electrospinning process did not destroy the chemical structure of α-mangostin as indicated by retained in vitro antioxidant activity. The release rate of α-mangostin significantly increased from 35% to over 90% in 60 minutes. The release of α-mangostin from MPE:PVP nanofibers was dependent on α-mangostin concentration and particle size, as confirmed by the first-order kinetic model as well as the Hixson–Crowell kinetic model. Conclusion We successfully synthesized MPE:PVP nanofiber mats with enhanced antioxidant activity and release rate, which can potentially improve the therapeutic effects offered by MPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Sriyanti
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, .,Research Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, .,Department of Physics Education, Faculty of Education, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang
| | - Dhewa Edikresnha
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, .,Research Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung,
| | - Annisa Rahma
- Pharmaceutics Research Division, School of Pharmacy,
| | - Muhammad Miftahul Munir
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, .,Research Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung,
| | - Heni Rachmawati
- Pharmaceutics Research Division, School of Pharmacy, .,Research Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia,
| | - Khairurrijal Khairurrijal
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, .,Research Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung,
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