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Davies JM, Teh JJ, Ewais T, Begun J. Does Improving Depression Symptoms in Young Adults With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Alter Their Microbiome? Inflamm Bowel Dis 2024:izae121. [PMID: 38839073 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izae121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are more likely to have depression and anxiety symptoms compared with healthy individuals and those with other chronic illnesses. Previous studies have shown a link between the microbiome composition and depression symptoms; however, many antidepressant medications have antibacterial activity confounding cross-sectional studies of these populations. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether we could detect longitudinal changes in the microbiome of a subset of patients who participated in a previously published mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) study to improve depression symptoms in adolescents and young adults with IBD. METHODS Stool samples were collected at baseline and 8 weeks (n = 24 participants, 37 total samples, 13 paired samples). During this time, some participants achieved a 50% reduction in their depression symptoms either through MBCT or treatment as usual with their mental health team (responders). The microbiome composition and function of responders were compared with participants who did not improve their depression scores (nonresponders). Depression scores were determined using the depression, anxiety, and stress score (DASS-21), and metagenomic sequencing of stool samples was performed. RESULTS No difference in alpha diversity was found between responders and nonresponders. Beta diversity measures were similarly unchanged. Clinical features including fecal calprotectin, C-reactive protein, and serum IL-6 levels were unchanged. CONCLUSIONS In this small longitudinal study, we were not able to detect longitudinal changes in the microbiome associated with improvement in depression scores. Follow-up studies that are sufficiently powered to detect changes in the microbiome are required to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M Davies
- Mater Research-The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Jing Jie Teh
- Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba QLD, Australia
| | - Tatjana Ewais
- Mater Adolescent and Young Adult Health Clinic, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Jakob Begun
- Mater Research-The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mater Hospital Brisbane, South Brisbane, Australia
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Chi R, Li M, Zhang M, Zhang N, Zhang G, Cui L, Ma G. Exploring the Association between Anxiety, Depression, and Gut Microbiota during Pregnancy: Findings from a Pregnancy Cohort Study in Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China. Nutrients 2024; 16:1460. [PMID: 38794698 PMCID: PMC11123899 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Negative emotions and gut microbiota during pregnancy both bear significant public health implications. However, the relationship between them has not been fully elucidated. This study, utilizing data from a pregnancy cohort, employed metagenomic sequencing to elucidate the relationship between anxiety, depression, and gut microbiota's diversity, composition, species, and functional pathways. Data from 87 subjects, spanning 225 time points across early, mid, and late pregnancy, were analyzed. The results revealed that anxiety and depression significantly corresponded to lower alpha diversity (including the Shannon entropy and the Simpson index). Anxiety and depression scores, along with categorical distinctions of anxiety/non-anxiety and depression/non-depression, were found to account for 0.723%, 0.731%, 0.651%, and 0.810% of the variance in gut-microbiota composition (p = 0.001), respectively. Increased anxiety was significantly positively associated with the abundance of Oscillibacter sp. KLE 1745, Oscillibacter sp. PEA192, Oscillibacter sp. KLE 1728, Oscillospiraceae bacterium VE202 24, and Treponema socranskii. A similar association was significantly noted for Oscillibacter sp. KLE 1745 with elevated depression scores. While EC.3.5.3.1: arginase appeared to be higher in the anxious group than in the non-anxious group, vitamin B12-related enzymes appeared to be lower in the depression group than in the non-depression group. The changes were found to be not statistically significant after post-multiple comparison adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixin Chi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; (R.C.); (N.Z.)
| | - Muxia Li
- Department of Scientific Research, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing 100045, China;
| | - Man Zhang
- School of Nursing, Peking University, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; (R.C.); (N.Z.)
| | - Guohua Zhang
- The Third Department of Obstetrics, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050011, China;
| | - Lijun Cui
- The Seventh Department of Obstetrics, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050011, China;
| | - Guansheng Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; (R.C.); (N.Z.)
- Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
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3
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Gao Q, Liu JH, Ma WY, Cheng ZL, Hao PS, Luo NN. Genomics-Microbiome Based Assessment of Bidirectional Causality Between Gut Microbiota and Psoriasis. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2024; 17:435-445. [PMID: 38375439 PMCID: PMC10874884 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s450227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Background Traditional observational studies have found a possible risk association of the gut microbiota for psoriasis. Meanwhile, psoriasis may also affect the changes in the gut microbiota. However, the available evidence does not demonstrate a reciprocal relationship between the gut microbiota and psoriasis. This limits our understanding on the role of the gut microbiota in the mechanisms of psoriasis. Methods To address this question we used Mendelian randomization, a novel epidemiological approach, and acquired the largest current gut microbiota GWAS data from the MiBioGen consortium as well as psoriasis GWAS data from the FinnGen consortium, and performed two-sample bidirectional MR analyses using a multiple MR analysis approach. Finally, the robustness of the results was assessed by sensitivity analysis. Results Our results indicate that five bacterial genera are causally related to psoriasis and psoriasis is causally related to four bacterial genera. Conclusion These results suggest a bidirectional causal influence of psoriasis on the gut microbiota. Our results somewhat challenge the causal inferences of previous observational studies. We found that the specific bacterial genera with a risk effect on psoriasis were different from those found to characterize psoriasis in previous observational studies, and that these psoriasis-characterizing genera were inversely associated with psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Gao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-Hua Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-Yi Ma
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zi-Lin Cheng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping-Sheng Hao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na-Na Luo
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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Zhang Z, Du L, Ji Q, Liu H, Ren Z, Ji G, Bian ZX, Zhao L. The Landscape of Gut Microbiota and Its Metabolites: A Key to Understanding the Pathophysiology of Pattern in Chinese Medicine. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2024; 52:89-122. [PMID: 38351704 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x24500046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Liver Stagnation and Spleen Deficiency (LSSD) is a Chinese Medicine (CM) pattern commonly observed in gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, yet its biological nature remains unknown. This limits the global use of CM medications for treating GI diseases. Recent studies emphasize the role of gut microbiota and their metabolites in the pathogenesis and treatment of LSSD-associated GI diseases. There is increasing evidence supporting that an altered gut microbiome in LSSD patients or animals contributes to GI and extra-intestinal symptoms and affects the effectiveness of CM therapies. The gut microbiota is considered to be an essential component of the biological basis of LSSD. This study aims to provide an overview of existing research findings and gaps for the pathophysiological study of LSSD from the gut microbiota perspective in order to understand the relationship between the CM pattern and disease progression and to optimize CM-based diagnosis, prevention, and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaozhou Zhang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Liqing Du
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Qiuchen Ji
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Hao Liu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhenxing Ren
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Guang Ji
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhao-Xiang Bian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Ling Zhao
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Lan ZF, Yao W, Xie YC, Chen W, Zhu YY, Chen JQ, Zhou XY, Huang JQ, Wu MS, Chen JX. Oral Troxerutin Alleviates Depression Symptoms in Mice by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Microbial Metabolism. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300603. [PMID: 38072646 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE A growing body of evidence suggests that the harmful gut microbiota in depression patients can play a role in the progression of depression. There is limited research on troxerutin's impact on the central nervous system (CNS), especially in depression. The study finds that troxerutin effectively alleviates depression and anxiety-like behavior in mice by increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria like Lactobacillus and Firmicutes while decreasing the abundance of harmful bacteria like Proteobacteria, Bacteroides, and Actinobacteria in the gut. Furthermore, the research reveals that troxerutin regulates various metabolic pathways in mice, including nucleotide metabolism, caffeine metabolism, purine metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, histidine metabolism, 2-oxocarboxylic acid metabolism, biosynthesis of amino acids, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, and Arginine and proline metabolism. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the study provides compelling evidence for the antidepressant efficacy of troxerutin. Through the investigation of the role of intestinal microorganisms and metabolites, the study identifies these factors as key players in troxerutin's ability to prevent depression. Troxerutin achieves its neuroprotective effects and effectively prevents depression and anxiety by modulating the abundance of gut microbiota, including Proteobacteria, Bacteroides, and Actinobacteria, as well as regulating metabolites such as creatine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Fang Lan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wei Yao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yi-Ci Xie
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wushisi Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yin-Ying Zhu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jia-Qi Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xing-Yi Zhou
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jun-Qing Huang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Man-Si Wu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- School of Food and Biotechnology, Guangdong Industry Polytechnic, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Jia-Xu Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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Gao X, Xu F, Li T, Huang P, Yu L, Tian F, Zhao J, Chen W, Zhai Q. CAZymes-associated method to explore glycans that mitigate DSS-induced colitis via targeting Bacteroides cellulosilyticus. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128694. [PMID: 38096941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Improving Bacteroides cellulosilyticus abundance is a feasible approach to treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although B. cellulosilyticus is responsive to dietary components, untargeted manipulation cannot focus on target microbe and lead to an increase in harmful bacteria in the microbiota. Breakthroughs in methods for regulating specific microbes, but the protocols are expensive, time-consuming, and difficult to follow. Glycans based on microbial-carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) would provide a potential solution. We propose a method based on CAZymes to explore polysaccharides that target specific gut microbes and alleviate diseases. The designed polysaccharides (Arabinogalactan, AG) enrich the abundance of B. cellulosilyticus in single-strain co-cultures, fermentation in vitro, and mouse models in vivo. Supplementation with AG relieved mice from colitis and clinical symptoms. We reveal that AG directly alters B. cellulosilyticus level and cooperative microbes, resulting in remission of colitis. Our glycan design pipeline is a promising way to improve disease through the targeted enhancement of specific microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - FuSheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Tangjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Pan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Leilei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Fengwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Qixiao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
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Zhang K, Guo H, Zhang X, Yang H, Yuan G, Zhu Z, Lu X, Zhang J, Du J, Shi H, Jin G, Ren J, Hao J, Sun Y, Su P, Zhang Z. Effects of aerobic exercise or Tai Chi Chuan interventions on problematic mobile phone use and the potential role of intestinal flora: A multi-arm randomized controlled trial. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 170:394-407. [PMID: 38218013 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Problematic use of mobile phones (PMPU) has been described as a serious public health issue. METHODS This study was a parallel three-arm randomized controlled trial and has completed registration (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05843591). Ninety college students with PMPU were randomly assigned to the aerobic exercise group (AE group, n = 30), the Tai Chi Chuan group (TCC group, n = 30), or the wait-list control group (WLC group, n = 30). At the end of the intervention, stool samples from the study participants were collected for biological analysis based on 16 S rDNA amplicon sequencing technology. The primary outcome was addiction symptoms assessed by the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV). The secondary outcomes are emotional symptoms, physical symptoms, and flora species. RESULTS Compared with the WLC group, the AE and TCC groups showed reductions in PMPU levels, physical and mental fatigue, but there was no difference between the two groups. Moreover, the effect of increasing self-esteem embodied in the TCC group was not present in the AE group. Compared to the WLC group, the relative abundance of Bacteroidaceae and Bacteroides were lower in the AE group, while the relative abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae and Alistipes were lower in the TCC group. And the relative abundance of Bacteroidaceae, Bacteroides, and Alistipes were significantly and negatively correlated with the decline in PMPU scores. CONCLUSION AE or TCC is an effective, safe and efficient intervention for college students with PMPU, providing some physiological and psychological benefits and having some impact on their intestinal flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Haiyun Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Xueqing Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Huayu Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Guojing Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhihui Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jianghui Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jun Du
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Haiyan Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Guifang Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Juan Ren
- The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Jiahu Hao
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Puyu Su
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Center for Evidence Based Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Wang J, Liu G, Xu K, Ai K, Huang W, Zhang J. The role of neurotransmitters in mediating the relationship between brain alterations and depressive symptoms in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:5357-5371. [PMID: 37530546 PMCID: PMC10543356 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence from neuroimaging studies suggests that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with functional and structural alterations in the central nervous system and that it has a potential link to emotional symptoms, such as anxiety and depression. However, the neurochemical underpinnings of depression symptoms in IBD remain unclear. We hypothesized that changes in cortical gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA+) and glutamine (Glx) concentrations are related to cortical thickness and resting-state functional connectivity in IBD as compared to healthy controls. To test this, we measured whole-brain cortical thickness and functional connectivity within the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), as well as the concentrations of neurotransmitters in the same brain region. We used the edited magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) with the MEGA-PRESS sequence at a 3 T scanner to quantitate the neurotransmitter levels in the mPFC. Subjects with IBD (N = 37) and healthy control subjects (N = 32) were enrolled in the study. Compared with healthy controls, there were significantly decreased GABA+ and Glx concentrations in the mPFC of patients with IBD. The cortical thickness of patients with IBD was thin in two clusters that included the right medial orbitofrontal cortex and the right posterior cingulate cortex. A seed-based functional connectivity analysis indicated that there was higher connectivity of the mPFC with the left precuneus cortex (PC) and the posterior cingulate cortex, and conversely, lower connectivity in the left frontal pole was observed. The functional connectivity between the mPFC and the left PC was negatively correlated with the IBD questionnaire score (r = -0.388, p = 0.018). GABA+ concentrations had a negative correlation with the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) score (r = -0.497, p = 0.002). Glx concentration was negatively correlated with the HAMD score (r = -0.496, p = 0.002) and positively correlated with the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire score (r = 0.330, p = 0.046, uncorrected). There was a significant positive correlation between the ratio of Glx to GABA+ and the HAMD score (r = 0.428, p = 0.008). Mediation analysis revealed that GABA+ significantly mediated the main effect of the relationship between the structural and functional alterations and the severity of depression in patients with IBD. Our study provides initial evidence of neurochemistry that can be used to identify potential mechanisms underlying the modulatory effects of GABA+ on the development of depression in patients with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Magnetic ResonanceLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouChina
- Second Clinical SchoolLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Functional and Molecular ImagingLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouChina
| | - Guangyao Liu
- Department of Magnetic ResonanceLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouChina
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Functional and Molecular ImagingLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouChina
| | - Kun Xu
- Department of Magnetic ResonanceLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouChina
- Second Clinical SchoolLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Functional and Molecular ImagingLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouChina
| | - Kai Ai
- Deparment of Clinical and Technical Support, Philips HealthcareXi'anChina
| | - Wenjing Huang
- Department of Magnetic ResonanceLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouChina
- Second Clinical SchoolLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Functional and Molecular ImagingLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouChina
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Magnetic ResonanceLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouChina
- Second Clinical SchoolLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Functional and Molecular ImagingLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouChina
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Gîlcă-Blanariu GE, Șchiopu CG, Ștefănescu G, Mihai C, Diaconescu S, Afrăsânie VA, Lupu VV, Lupu A, Boloș A, Ștefănescu C. The Intertwining Roads between Psychological Distress and Gut Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2268. [PMID: 37764111 PMCID: PMC10538137 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease represents one of the most life-altering gastrointestinal pathologies, with its multifactorial nature and unclear physiopathology. The most relevant clinical forms, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, clinically manifest with mild to severe flares and remission periods that alter the patient's social, familial and professional integration. The chronic inflammatory activity of the intestinal wall determines severe modifications of the local environment, such as dysbiosis, enteric endocrine, nervous and immune system disruptions and intestinal wall permeability changes. These features are part of the gastrointestinal ecosystem that modulates the bottom-to-top signaling to the central nervous system, leading to a neurobiologic imbalance and clinical affective and/or behavioral symptoms. The gut-brain link is a bidirectional pathway and psychological distress can also affect the central nervous system, which will alter the top-to-bottom regulation, leading to possible functional digestive symptoms and local inflammatory responses. In the middle of this neuro-gastrointestinal system, the microbiome is a key player, as its activities offer basic functional support for both relays. The present article presents current scientific information that links the pathophysiology and clinical aspects of inflammatory bowel disease and psychiatric symptomatology through the complex mechanism of the gut-brain axis and the modulatory effects of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Gabriela Șchiopu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.B.); (C.Ș.)
| | - Gabriela Ștefănescu
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (G.-E.G.-B.); (C.M.)
| | - Cătălina Mihai
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (G.-E.G.-B.); (C.M.)
| | - Smaranda Diaconescu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Medicine Titu Maiorescu, 040441 Bucharest, Romania;
| | | | - Vasile Valeriu Lupu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (V.V.L.)
| | - Ancuța Lupu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (V.V.L.)
| | - Alexandra Boloș
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.B.); (C.Ș.)
| | - Cristinel Ștefănescu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.B.); (C.Ș.)
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El-Salhy M. Intestinal bacteria associated with irritable bowel syndrome and chronic fatigue. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2023; 35:e14621. [PMID: 37246923 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The etiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is unknown. Abnormal intestinal bacterial profiles and low bacterial diversity appear to play important roles in the pathophysiology of IBS. This narrative review was designed to present recent observations made relating to fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), which implicate possible roles of 11 intestinal bacteria in the pathophysiology of IBS. The intestinal abundances of nine of these bacteria increased after FMT in patients with IBS, and these increases were inversely correlated with IBS symptoms and fatigue severity. These bacteria were Alistipes spp., Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Eubacterium biforme, Holdemanella biformis, Prevotella spp., Bacteroides stercoris, Parabacteroides johnsonii, Bacteroides zoogleoformans, and Lactobacillus spp. The intestinal abundances of two bacteria were decreased in patients with IBS after FMT and were correlated with the severity of IBS symptoms and fatigue (Streptococcus thermophilus and Coprobacillus cateniformis). Ten of these bacteria are anaerobic and one (Streptococcus thermophilus) is facultative anaerobic. Several of these bacteria produce short-chain fatty acids, especially butyrate, which is used as an energy source by large intestine epithelial cells. Moreover, it modulates the immune response and hypersensitivity of the large intestine and decreases intestinal cell permeability and intestinal motility. These bacteria could be used as probiotics to improve these conditions. Protein-rich diets could increase the intestinal abundance of Alistipes, and plant-rich diet could increase the intestinal abundance of Prevotella spp., and consequently improve IBS and fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdy El-Salhy
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Research and Innovation, Helse Fonna, Stord, Norway
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Older EA, Zhang J, Ferris ZE, Xue D, Zhong Z, Mitchell MK, Madden M, Wang Y, Chen H, Nagarkatti P, Nagarkatti M, Fan D, Ellermann M, Li YX, Li J. Biosynthetic Enzyme-guided Disease Correlation Connects Gut Microbial Metabolites Sulfonolipids to Inflammatory Bowel Disease Involving TLR4 Signaling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.16.533047. [PMID: 36993324 PMCID: PMC10055157 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.16.533047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The trillions of microorganisms inhabiting the human gut are intricately linked to human health. At the species abundance level, correlational studies have connected specific bacterial taxa to various diseases. While the abundances of these bacteria in the gut serve as good indicators for disease progression, understanding the functional metabolites they produce is critical to decipher how these microbes influence human health. Here, we report a unique biosynthetic enzyme-guided disease correlation approach to uncover microbial functional metabolites as potential molecular mechanisms in human health. We directly connect the expression of gut microbial sulfonolipid (SoL) biosynthetic enzymes to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in patients, revealing a negative correlation. This correlation is then corroborated by targeted metabolomics, identifying that SoLs abundance is significantly decreased in IBD patient samples. We experimentally validate our analysis in a mouse model of IBD, showing that SoLs production is indeed decreased while inflammatory markers are increased in diseased mice. In support of this connection, we apply bioactive molecular networking to show that SoLs consistently contribute to the immunoregulatory activity of SoL-producing human microbes. We further reveal that sulfobacins A and B, two representative SoLs, primarily target Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) to mediate immunomodulatory activity through blocking TLR4's natural ligand lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding to myeloid differentiation factor 2, leading to significant suppression of LPS-induced inflammation and macrophage M1 polarization. Together, these results suggest that SoLs mediate a protective effect against IBD through TLR4 signaling and showcase a widely applicable biosynthetic enzyme-guided disease correlation approach to directly link the biosynthesis of gut microbial functional metabolites to human health.
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Soluble dietary fiber from Prunus persica dregs alleviates gut microbiota dysfunction through lead excretion. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 175:113725. [PMID: 36925041 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) can pollute the environment and food through air, water and other means, resulting in human exposure to lead pollution, and there is no threshold level of lead toxicity, even small doses of lead will have a range of harmful effects in humans. This study demonstrates for the first time that dietary addition of soluble dietary fiber (SDF) from Prunus persica dregs reduces lead bioaccumulation in mice, and eliminates lead through feces. Compared with lead-exposed mice, SDF supplementation effectively prevented lead-induced changes in colon tissue, and increased expression of tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and occludin). We analyzed the effects of SDF on gut microbiota and metabolites by a combination of 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing and untargeted metabolomics. The results showed that SDF altered lead-induced perturbations in the layout and structure of the gut microbiota, including increased Desulfovibrio and Alistipes abundance and decreased Bacteroidetes abundance. Meanwhile, we also provide evidence that SDF supplementation alters the levels of amino acids, bile acids, and lipids in the gut, and that these metabolites are closely associated with microbiota with good lead binding capacity. Therefore, we speculate that SDF has the potential to provide a protective effect against intestinal damage by promoting lead excretion.
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