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Chen JY, Deng Y, Liu J, Wen X, Cao YQ, Mu Y, Sun M, Miao C, Peng Z, Lu K, Wang YL, Chen X, Pang S, Wang D, Zhou J, Li M, Wen Y, Wu R, Zhao S, Lang YF, Yan QG, Huang X, Du S, Wang Y, Han X, Cao SJ, Zhao Q. Development and Characterization of a Recombinant galT-galU Protein for Broad-Spectrum Immunoprotection Against Porcine Contagious Pleuropneumonia. Int J Mol Sci 2025; 26:3634. [PMID: 40332240 PMCID: PMC12027175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26083634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2025] [Revised: 04/05/2025] [Accepted: 04/09/2025] [Indexed: 05/08/2025] Open
Abstract
Porcine contagious pleuropneumonia (PCP), caused by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP), is a highly contagious disease that leads to significant economic losses in the swine industry. Current vaccines are ineffective due to the presence of multiple serotypes and the absence of a predominant seasonal serotype, underscoring the need for vaccines with broad-spectrum protection. Previous studies identified galT and galU as promising antigen candidates. In this study, we expressed and characterized a soluble recombinant galT-galU protein (rgalT-galU) from the pET-28a-galT-galU plasmid. The protein, with a molecular weight of 73 kDa, exhibited pronounced immunogenicity in murine models, as indicated by a significant elevation in IgG titers determined through an indirect ELISA. This immune response was further corroborated by substantial antigen-specific splenic lymphocyte proliferation, with a stimulation index of 51.5%. Immunization also resulted in elevated serum cytokines levels of IL-4, IL-12, and IFN-γ, as detected by cytokine assays. Vaccination with rgalT-galU provided immunoprotection against three predominant APP strains (APP1, APP5b, and APP7), achieving protection rates of 71.4%, 71.4%, and 85.7%, respectively. It also effectively mitigated pulmonary lesions and neutrophil infiltration, as verified by histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. These results indicate that rgalT-galU is a promising candidate for developing cross-protective subunit vaccines against APP infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yong Chen
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.-Y.C.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (Y.-Q.C.); (Y.M.); (M.S.); (Z.P.); (K.L.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.C.); (S.P.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.-F.L.); (Q.-G.Y.); (X.H.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yi Deng
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.-Y.C.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (Y.-Q.C.); (Y.M.); (M.S.); (Z.P.); (K.L.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.C.); (S.P.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.-F.L.); (Q.-G.Y.); (X.H.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jiale Liu
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.-Y.C.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (Y.-Q.C.); (Y.M.); (M.S.); (Z.P.); (K.L.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.C.); (S.P.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.-F.L.); (Q.-G.Y.); (X.H.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xin Wen
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.-Y.C.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (Y.-Q.C.); (Y.M.); (M.S.); (Z.P.); (K.L.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.C.); (S.P.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.-F.L.); (Q.-G.Y.); (X.H.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yu-Qin Cao
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.-Y.C.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (Y.-Q.C.); (Y.M.); (M.S.); (Z.P.); (K.L.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.C.); (S.P.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.-F.L.); (Q.-G.Y.); (X.H.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yu Mu
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.-Y.C.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (Y.-Q.C.); (Y.M.); (M.S.); (Z.P.); (K.L.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.C.); (S.P.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.-F.L.); (Q.-G.Y.); (X.H.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Mengke Sun
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.-Y.C.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (Y.-Q.C.); (Y.M.); (M.S.); (Z.P.); (K.L.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.C.); (S.P.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.-F.L.); (Q.-G.Y.); (X.H.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Chang Miao
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.-Y.C.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (Y.-Q.C.); (Y.M.); (M.S.); (Z.P.); (K.L.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.C.); (S.P.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.-F.L.); (Q.-G.Y.); (X.H.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Zhiling Peng
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.-Y.C.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (Y.-Q.C.); (Y.M.); (M.S.); (Z.P.); (K.L.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.C.); (S.P.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.-F.L.); (Q.-G.Y.); (X.H.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Kun Lu
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.-Y.C.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (Y.-Q.C.); (Y.M.); (M.S.); (Z.P.); (K.L.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.C.); (S.P.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.-F.L.); (Q.-G.Y.); (X.H.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yu-Luo Wang
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.-Y.C.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (Y.-Q.C.); (Y.M.); (M.S.); (Z.P.); (K.L.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.C.); (S.P.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.-F.L.); (Q.-G.Y.); (X.H.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xizhu Chen
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.-Y.C.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (Y.-Q.C.); (Y.M.); (M.S.); (Z.P.); (K.L.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.C.); (S.P.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.-F.L.); (Q.-G.Y.); (X.H.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Siyu Pang
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.-Y.C.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (Y.-Q.C.); (Y.M.); (M.S.); (Z.P.); (K.L.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.C.); (S.P.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.-F.L.); (Q.-G.Y.); (X.H.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Dan Wang
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.-Y.C.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (Y.-Q.C.); (Y.M.); (M.S.); (Z.P.); (K.L.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.C.); (S.P.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.-F.L.); (Q.-G.Y.); (X.H.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jiayu Zhou
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.-Y.C.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (Y.-Q.C.); (Y.M.); (M.S.); (Z.P.); (K.L.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.C.); (S.P.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.-F.L.); (Q.-G.Y.); (X.H.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Miaohan Li
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.-Y.C.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (Y.-Q.C.); (Y.M.); (M.S.); (Z.P.); (K.L.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.C.); (S.P.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.-F.L.); (Q.-G.Y.); (X.H.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yiping Wen
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.-Y.C.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (Y.-Q.C.); (Y.M.); (M.S.); (Z.P.); (K.L.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.C.); (S.P.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.-F.L.); (Q.-G.Y.); (X.H.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
- Sichuan Science-Observation Experimental Station of Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China;
- International Joint Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Rui Wu
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.-Y.C.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (Y.-Q.C.); (Y.M.); (M.S.); (Z.P.); (K.L.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.C.); (S.P.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.-F.L.); (Q.-G.Y.); (X.H.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
- Sichuan Science-Observation Experimental Station of Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China;
- International Joint Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shan Zhao
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.-Y.C.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (Y.-Q.C.); (Y.M.); (M.S.); (Z.P.); (K.L.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.C.); (S.P.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.-F.L.); (Q.-G.Y.); (X.H.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
- Sichuan Science-Observation Experimental Station of Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China;
- International Joint Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yi-Fei Lang
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.-Y.C.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (Y.-Q.C.); (Y.M.); (M.S.); (Z.P.); (K.L.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.C.); (S.P.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.-F.L.); (Q.-G.Y.); (X.H.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
- Sichuan Science-Observation Experimental Station of Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China;
- International Joint Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qi-Gui Yan
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.-Y.C.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (Y.-Q.C.); (Y.M.); (M.S.); (Z.P.); (K.L.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.C.); (S.P.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.-F.L.); (Q.-G.Y.); (X.H.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
- Sichuan Science-Observation Experimental Station of Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China;
- International Joint Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.-Y.C.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (Y.-Q.C.); (Y.M.); (M.S.); (Z.P.); (K.L.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.C.); (S.P.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.-F.L.); (Q.-G.Y.); (X.H.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
- Sichuan Science-Observation Experimental Station of Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China;
- International Joint Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Senyan Du
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.-Y.C.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (Y.-Q.C.); (Y.M.); (M.S.); (Z.P.); (K.L.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.C.); (S.P.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.-F.L.); (Q.-G.Y.); (X.H.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
- Sichuan Science-Observation Experimental Station of Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China;
- International Joint Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yiping Wang
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.-Y.C.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (Y.-Q.C.); (Y.M.); (M.S.); (Z.P.); (K.L.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.C.); (S.P.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.-F.L.); (Q.-G.Y.); (X.H.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
- Sichuan Science-Observation Experimental Station of Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China;
- International Joint Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xinfeng Han
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China;
- International Joint Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - San-Jie Cao
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.-Y.C.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (Y.-Q.C.); (Y.M.); (M.S.); (Z.P.); (K.L.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.C.); (S.P.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.-F.L.); (Q.-G.Y.); (X.H.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
- Sichuan Science-Observation Experimental Station of Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China;
- International Joint Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- Research Center for Swine Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.-Y.C.); (Y.D.); (J.L.); (X.W.); (Y.-Q.C.); (Y.M.); (M.S.); (Z.P.); (K.L.); (Y.-L.W.); (X.C.); (S.P.); (D.W.); (J.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (R.W.); (S.Z.); (Y.-F.L.); (Q.-G.Y.); (X.H.); (S.D.); (Y.W.)
- Sichuan Science-Observation Experimental Station of Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China;
- International Joint Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
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Dai Q, Tang S, Dai C. Recent Advances in Pretreatment Methods and Detection Techniques for Veterinary Drug Residues in Animal-Derived Foods. Metabolites 2025; 15:233. [PMID: 40278362 PMCID: PMC12029186 DOI: 10.3390/metabo15040233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2025] [Revised: 03/23/2025] [Accepted: 03/27/2025] [Indexed: 04/26/2025] Open
Abstract
Veterinary drugs are extensively employed in livestock, poultry, and aquaculture, playing a crucial role in preventing and treating animal diseases, facilitating growth, and enhancing feed conversion rates. Nevertheless, veterinary drug residues in animal-derived foods pose a direct or potential threat to human life and health. Precise detection of these residues in animal-derived foods to ensure their safety has become an important mission. In this review, we sum up the current progress of applied pretreatment methods and detection techniques for veterinary drug residues in animal-derived foods. At present, sample pretreatment methods mainly consist of the following: liquid-liquid extraction; solid-phase extraction; immunoaffinity chromatography; Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe (QuEChERS) method; and molecular imprinting technology. Detection techniques mainly involve chromatographic techniques, immunoassay techniques, fluorescence polarization immunoassay, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering. We also discussed the advantages and limitations of these technologies. Moreover, we point out the development direction and tendency of detection techniques in the future, providing references for the detection of veterinary drug residues in animal-derived foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Dai
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Technology Innovation Center for Food Safety Surveillance and Detection (Hainan), Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya 572025, China
- China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shusheng Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Technology Innovation Center for Food Safety Surveillance and Detection (Hainan), Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Chongshan Dai
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Technology Innovation Center for Food Safety Surveillance and Detection (Hainan), Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya 572025, China
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Ferrero I, Dewilde S, Poletti P, Canepa B, Giachino E, Dall’Ara P, Filipe J. Development of a New Indirect ELISA Test for the Detection of Anti-Feline Coronavirus Antibodies in Cats. Vet Sci 2025; 12:245. [PMID: 40266922 PMCID: PMC11946180 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci12030245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2025] [Revised: 02/19/2025] [Accepted: 02/28/2025] [Indexed: 04/25/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Feline coronavirus (FCoV) belongs to the family Coronaviridae and includes two pathotypes, the less virulent feline enteric coronavirus (FECV), which replicates in the enteric epithelial cells, and feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV), which is more virulent, replicates efficiently within monocytes/macrophages with systemic involvement and may cause feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), a progressive and often fatal disease. The diagnosis of FIP is complex and requires different examinations. Among serological tests, the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT), considered the gold standard, and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are the most widely used to detect FCoV antibodies. The aim of this work was the development of FCoVCHECK Ab ELISA, a new rapid indirect test for the detection of FCoV antibodies in feline serum/plasma samples. METHODS FCoVCHECK Ab ELISA was developed after a meticulous set-up and cut-off analysis through several methods, including the Youden's index and ROC curve, to achieve the best test performance. It was validated by testing 110 feline sera (62 positives and 48 negatives) against the reference IFAT and compared with two other rapid ELISA tests, INgezim Corona Felino (Gold Standard Diagnostics) and ImmunoComb Feline Coronavirus (FCoV) [FIP] Antibody Test Kit (Biogal). CONCLUSIONS FCoVCHECK Ab ELISA agreed with IFAT at 96.4% (93.5% sensitivity, 95% confidence interval (CI): 83.5-97.9%; 100% specificity, 95% CI: 90.8-100%), with ImmunoComb FCoV at 93.6% and with INgezim Corona Felino at 82.7%. Intra- and inter-assay accuracy and precision gave coefficients of variation lower than 20%. Compared to IFAT, the new assay correctly identifies positive and negative samples with a good correlation, and, in addition, it is simpler, faster and provides a less subjective reading of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Paola Dall’Ara
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Joel Filipe
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy
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Ferrero I, Poletti P, Giachino E, Filipe J, Dall’Ara P. A New Rapid Indirect ELISA Test for Serological Diagnosis of Feline Immunodeficiency. Vet Sci 2025; 12:89. [PMID: 40005849 PMCID: PMC11860318 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci12020089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2024] [Revised: 01/09/2025] [Accepted: 01/22/2025] [Indexed: 02/27/2025] Open
Abstract
The Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) is a lentivirus belonging to Retroviridae family that affects feline immune cells, causing a progressive immunosuppression by depleting CD4+ T-lymphocytes, similarly to the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in humans caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Diagnosis is usually performed by clinicians using rapid Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) or lateral flow tests that detect FIV antibodies. The aim of this work was the development of FIVCHECK Ab ELISA, a new rapid indirect assay for the detection of FIV antibodies in feline serum/plasma samples; FIVCHECK Ab ELISA was developed after a meticulous set-up and cut-off analysis through several methods, including the Youden's index and ROC curve, to achieve the best test performance. The new kit was validated by testing 115 feline sera (38 positives and 77 negatives for FIV antibodies) against the ELISA rapid test SNAP FIV/FeLV Combo (IDEXX). Moreover, 103 sera (28 positives and 75 negatives) were also analyzed with two other rapid indirect ELISAss, INgezim FIV (Gold Standard Diagnostics) and VetLine FIV (NovaTec); FIVCHECK Ab ELISA agreed at 100% with SNAP (100% sensitivity, 95% confidence interval (CI): 88.5-100%; 100% specificity, 95% CI: 94.0-100%), 100% with INgezim FIV and 92.2% with VetLine FIV. Intra- and inter-assay accuracy and precision gave coefficients of variation lower than 10%. The new ELISA is a simple and quick test that provides reliable results for veterinary clinics and practices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Joel Filipe
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Paola Dall’Ara
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy
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Jiang J, Lin Y, Zhang J, Liu W, Hu Q, Huang L, Che Y. Investigating the immunological activity of the Hsp70-P113 fusion protein for Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae detection: a groundbreaking study. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:421. [PMID: 39304865 PMCID: PMC11414289 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04274-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mycoplasmal pneumonia of sheep and goats (MPSG) is an important infectious disease that threatens sheep and goat production worldwide, and Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae (Movi) is one of the major aetiological agents causing MPSG. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunological activity of the Hsp70‒P113 fusion protein derived from Movi and to develop a serological assay for the detection of Movi. METHODS This study involved codon optimization of the dominant antigenic regions of Movi heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) and adhesin P113. Afterwards, the optimized sequences were inserted into the prokaryotic expression vector pET-30a( +) through tandem linking with the aid of a linker. Once a positive recombinant plasmid (pET-30a-rHsp70-P113) was successfully generated, the expression conditions were further refined. The resulting double gene fusion target protein (rHsp70‒P113) was subsequently purified using ProteinIso® Ni-NTA resin, and the reactivity of the protein was confirmed via SDS‒PAGE and Western blot analysis. An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (i-ELISA) technique was developed to detect Movi utilizing the fusion protein as the coating antigen. The specificity, sensitivity, and reproducibility of all methods were assessed after each reaction parameter was optimized. RESULTS The resulting rHsp70-P113 protein had a molecular weight of approximately 51 kDa and was predominantly expressed in the supernatant. Western blot analysis demonstrated its favourable reactivity. The optimal parameters for the i-ELISA technique were as follows: the rHsp70-P113 protein was encapsulated at a concentration of 5 μg/mL; the serum was diluted at a ratio of 1:50; the HRP-labelled donkey anti-goat IgG was diluted at a ratio of 1:6,000. The results of the cross-reactivity assays revealed that the i-ELISA was not cross-reactive with other goat-positive sera against Mycoplasma mycodies subsp. capri (Mmc), Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mccp), Mycoplasma arginini (Marg), orf virus (ORFV) or enzootic nasal tumour virus of goats (ENTV-2). The sensitivity of this method is high, with a maximum dilution of up to 1:640. The results of the intra- and inter-batch replication tests revealed that the coefficients of variation were both less than 10%, indicating excellent reproducibility. The analysis of 108 clinical serum samples via i-ELISA and indirect haemagglutination techniques yielded significant findings. Among these samples, 43 displayed positive results, whereas 65 presented negative results, resulting in a positivity rate of 39.8% for the i-ELISA method. In contrast, the indirect haemagglutination technique identified 20 positive samples and 88 negative samples, resulting in a positivity rate of 18.5%. Moreover, a comparison between the two methods revealed a conformity rate of 78.7%. CONCLUSION The results obtained in this study lay the groundwork for advancements in the use of an Movi antibody detection kit, epidemiological inquiry, and subunit vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxiu Jiang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, China
- College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yusheng Lin
- Institute of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jingpeng Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qilin Hu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lina Huang
- Zhangzhou Longhai District Animal Disease Prevention and Control Centre, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Yongliang Che
- Institute of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, China.
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6
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Hu G, Yin L, Luo X, Miao Y, Yu J. A Duplex PCR Assay for Rapid Detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Chryseobacterium in Large Yellow Croaker Fish. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2024; 21:508-516. [PMID: 38708669 PMCID: PMC11947639 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2023.0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Both Klebsiella pneumoniae and Chryseobacterium cause an increasing number of diseases in fish, resulting in great economic losses in aquaculture. In addition, the disease infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae or Chryseobacterium exhibited the similar clinical symptoms in aquatic animals. However, there is no effective means for the simultaneous detection of co-infection and discrimination them for these two pathogens. Here, we developed a duplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method based on the outer membrane protein A (ompA) gene of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Chryseobacterium. The specificity and validity of the designed primers were confirmed experimentally using simplex PCR. The expected amplicons for Klebsiella pneumoniae and Chryseobacterium had a size of 663 and 1404 bp, respectively. The optimal condition for duplex PCR were determined to encompass a primer concentration of 0.5 μM and annealing temperature of 57°C. This method was analytical specific with no amplification being observed from the genomic DNA of Escherichia coli, Vibrio harveyi, Pseudomonas plecoglossicida, Aeromonas hydrophila and Acinetobacter johnsonii. The limit of detection was estimated to be 20 fg of genomic DNA for Chryseobacterium and 200 fg for Klebsiella pneumoniae, or 100 colony-forming units (CFU) of bacterial cells in both cases. The duplex PCR was capable of simultaneously amplifying target fragments from genomic DNA extracted from the bacteria and fish liver. For practical validation of the method, 20 diseased fish were collected from farms, among which 4 samples were PCR-positive for Klebsiella pneumoniae and Chryseobacterium. The duplex PCR method developed here is time-saving, specific, convenient, and may prove to be an invaluable tool for molecular detection and epidemiological investigation of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Chryseobacterium in the field of aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaowei Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Taizhou key Laboratory of Biomass Functional Materials Development and Application, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Longfei Yin
- College of Life Sciences, Taizhou key Laboratory of Biomass Functional Materials Development and Application, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Xi Luo
- College of Life Sciences, Taizhou key Laboratory of Biomass Functional Materials Development and Application, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Yingjie Miao
- College of Life Sciences, Taizhou key Laboratory of Biomass Functional Materials Development and Application, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Jianyun Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Taizhou key Laboratory of Biomass Functional Materials Development and Application, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
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7
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Jiang H, Xu J, Xu X, Wei J, Liu J, Qin C, Miao W, Li L, Song X, Liu Q, Cui K, Li Z. Revealing microbial diversity in buffalo milk with high somatic cell counts: implications for mastitis diagnosis and treatment. Vet Res Commun 2024; 48:2537-2553. [PMID: 38874832 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-024-10438-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Mastitis is one of the most serious diseases that threatens the health of dairy animals. The somatic cell count (SCC) in milk is widely used to monitor mastitis. This study aimed to reveal the diversity of microorganisms in buffalo milk with high somatic cell count (SCC ≥ 3 × 105 cells/mL, n = 30) and low somatic cell count (SCC ≤ 5 × 104 cells/mL, n = 10), and identify the dominant bacteria that cause mastitis in a local buffalo farm. We also investigated the potential method to treat bacterial mastitis. The V3-V4 region of 16 S rDNA was sequenced. Results showed that, compared to the milk with low SCC, the high SCC samples showed lower microbial diversity, but a high abundance of bacteria and operational taxonomic units (OTUs). By in vitro isolation and culture, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae were found to be the leading pathogens, which is consistent with the 16 S rDNA sequencing data. We further isolated 3 of the main pathogens and established a pathogen detection method based on ELISA. In addition, the antibacterial effects of 10 antimicrobials and 15 Chinese herbal extracts were also investigated. Results showed that the microbial has developed tolerance to several of the antimicrobials. While the water extracts of Chinese herbal medicine such as Galla Chinensis, Coptis chinensis Franch, Terminalia chebula Retz, and Sanguisorba officinalis L can effectively inhibit the growth of main pathogens. This study provides novel insight into the microbial diversity in buffalo milk and a reference for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hancai Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Jiayin Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Xiaoxian Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Jue Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, 530001, China
| | - Jinfeng Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, 530001, China
| | - Chaobin Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Wenhao Miao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Buffalo Genetics, Reproduction and Breeding, Guangxi Buffalo Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Xinhui Song
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Qingyou Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, 528225, Foshan, China
| | - Kuiqing Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, 528225, Foshan, China.
| | - Zhipeng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
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8
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Wu Z, Li N, Li Z, Wang J, Liu M, Qi M, Wei S, Wu T, Guo Y, Zhu J, Jiang H, Xue R, Sun C, Feng X, Gu J, Han W, Li F, Lei L. Development and application of an indirect ELISA and nested PCR for the epidemiological analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae among pigs in China. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1329609. [PMID: 38260894 PMCID: PMC10803024 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1329609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is an important opportunistic and zoonotic pathogen which is associated with many diseases in humans and animals. However, the pathogenicity of K. pneumoniae has been neglected and the prevalence of K. pneumoniae is poorly studied due to the lack of rapid and sensitive diagnosis techniques. Methods In this study, we infected mice and pigs with K. pneumoniae strain from a human patient. An indirect ELISA was established using the KHE protein as the coating protein for the detection of K. pneumoniae specific antibody in clinical samples. A nested PCR method to detect nuclei acids of K. pneumoniae was also developed. Results We showed that infection with K. pneumoniae strain from a human patient led to mild lung injury of pigs. For the ELISA, the optimal coating concentration of KHE protein was 10 µg/mL. The optimal dilutions of serum samples and secondary antibody were 1:100 and 1:2500, respectively. The analytical sensitivity was 1:800, with no cross-reaction between the coated antigen and porcine serum positive for antibodies against other bacteria. The intra-assay and inter-assay reproducibility coefficients of variation are less than 10%. Detection of 920 clinical porcine serum samples revealed a high K. pneumoniae infection rate by established indirect ELISA (27.28%) and nested PCR (19.13%). Moreover, correlation analysis demonstrated infection rate is positively correlated with gross population, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and domestic tourists. Discussion In conclusion, K. pneumoniae is highly prevalent among pigs in China. Our study highlights the role of K. pneumoniae in pig health, which provides a reference for the prevention and control of diseases associated with K. pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengshuai Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ziheng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianlong Wang
- Animal Disease Control Center of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, China
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- Department of First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mengzhu Qi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Shaopeng Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tong Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Animal Disease Control Center of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, China
| | - Junhui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hexiang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ruixue Xue
- Animal Disease Control Center of Shandong, Jinan, China
| | - Changjiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jingmin Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenyu Han
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fengyang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Liancheng Lei
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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9
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Pham TT, Le TK, Huyen NTT, Luyen Van N, Nguy TP, Tran DL, Truong T N L. Staining-Enhanced Peroxidase-Mimicking Gold Nanoparticles in Nano-ELISA for Highly Sensitive Detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:49211-49217. [PMID: 38162724 PMCID: PMC10753563 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae, a member of the family Enterobacteriaceae, is a rod-shaped, Gram-negative bacterium, mainly found in the hospital environment and medical tools. It is the leading cause of nosocomial infection, characterized by bloodstream infection, wound site infection, urinary tract infection, and sepsis, mostly in older adults, newborn infants, and immunocompromised patients. This present study demonstrated a novel diagnostic method for K. pneumoniae detection based on the gold nanozyme activity for the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of H2O2. The nanozyme activity of AuNPs with staining enhancement was statistically three times higher than that of the bare AuNPs in solid absorption at 650 nm. Nano-ELISA with staining enhancement could detect as low as 102 CFUs/mL of K. pneumoniae concentration, as the cutoff value was determined to be 0.158, which boosted the sensitivity of the immunoreactions by up to 100-fold. The detection limit of our assays was 26.023 CFUs/mL, and the limit of quantification was 78.857 CFUs/mL. There was no cross-reaction against other bacteria, which proved the immunoassays' remarkable specificity for recognizing K. pneumoniae. Taken together, we successfully developed and optimized the highly sensitive and decently specific nano-ELISA strategy that might be applicable for detecting various other bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thu Thao Pham
- Graduate
University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and
Technology, 18 Hoang
Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay District, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
- Vietnam-Korea
Institute of Science and Technology, Hoa Lac Hi-Tech Park, Research and Development Zone, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Thien-Kim Le
- Vietnam-Korea
Institute of Science and Technology, Hoa Lac Hi-Tech Park, Research and Development Zone, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen T. T. Huyen
- Vietnam-Korea
Institute of Science and Technology, Hoa Lac Hi-Tech Park, Research and Development Zone, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Nam Luyen Van
- Vietnam-Korea
Institute of Science and Technology, Hoa Lac Hi-Tech Park, Research and Development Zone, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Tin Phan Nguy
- Vietnam-Korea
Institute of Science and Technology, Hoa Lac Hi-Tech Park, Research and Development Zone, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
- School
of Engineering Physics, Hanoi University
of Science and Technology, 1 Dai Co Viet, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Dai Lam Tran
- Institute
of Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay
District, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Lien Truong T N
- Vietnam-Korea
Institute of Science and Technology, Hoa Lac Hi-Tech Park, Research and Development Zone, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
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10
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Valencio A, da Silva MA, Santos FF, Polatto JM, Machado MMF, Piazza RMF, Gales AC. Capture ELISA for KPC Detection in Gram-Negative Bacilli: Development and Standardisation. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11041052. [PMID: 37110475 PMCID: PMC10142090 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11041052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The detection of KPC-type carbapenemases is necessary for guiding appropriate antibiotic therapy and the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship and infection control measures. Currently, few tests are capable of differentiating carbapenemase types, restricting the lab reports to their presence or not. The aim of this work was to raise antibodies and develop an ELISA test to detect KPC-2 and its D179 mutants. The ELISA-KPC test was designed using rabbit and mouse polyclonal antibodies. Four different protocols were tested to select the bacterial inoculum with the highest sensitivity and specificity rates. The standardisation procedure was performed using 109 previously characterised clinical isolates, showing 100% of sensitivity and 89% of specificity. The ELISA-KPC detected all isolates producing carbapenemases, including KPC variants displaying the ESBL phenotype such as KPC-33 and -66.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Valencio
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Fernandes Santos
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Marcondes Ferreira Machado
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Cristina Gales
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil
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11
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Ding Y, Huang C, Zhang Y, Wang J, Wang X. Magnetic microbead enzyme-linked immunoassay based on phage encoded protein RBP 41-mediated for rapid and sensitive detection of Salmonella in food matrices. Food Res Int 2023; 163:112212. [PMID: 36596140 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Rapid and sensitive quantitative detection methods are required to monitor and detect Salmonella throughout the food supply chain and early prevention of foodborne disease outbreaks. In this study, a magnetic microbead enzyme-linked immunoassay (MELISA) based on phage receptor binding protein was developed for rapid enrichment and detection of Salmonella in complex food matrices. RBP 41 from phage T102 acted as a species-specific recognition element for Salmonella by exploiting its strong binding capacity to Salmonella surface receptors. RBP 41-MBs were prepared by coupling recombinant RBP 41 with MBs and used to separate and enrich Salmonella cells from spiked food samples. The captured complexes were further integrated with ELISA procedures by HRP-labeled anti-Salmonella antibody for rapid and accurate detection of Salmonella. The whole method took <1.5 h and the detection limit was 10 CFU/mL. Therefore, MELISA was successfully developed for the detection of Salmonella in various spiked food samples (skim milk, lettuce, and chicken breast). The ELISA reaction process of this method was carried out on magnetic beads. It simplified the process of the traditional ELISA method and reduces the reaction time. This study expanded the use of phage-associated proteins and demonstrated the promising prospects for practical applications in the detection of foodborne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Chenxi Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Jia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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12
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Zhang Y, Yang L, Zhang J, Huang K, Sun X, Yang Y, Wang T, Zhang Q, Zou Z, Jin M. Oral or intranasal immunization with recombinant Lactobacillus plantarum displaying head domain of Swine Influenza A virus hemagglutinin protects mice from H1N1 virus. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:185. [PMID: 36085207 PMCID: PMC9461438 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01911-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Swine influenza A virus (swIAV) is a major concern for the swine industry owing to its highly contagious nature and acute viral disease. Currently, most commercial swIAV vaccines are traditional inactivated virus vaccines. The Lactobacillus plantarum-based vaccine platform is a promising approach for mucosal vaccine development. Oral and intranasal immunisations have the potential to induce a mucosal immune response, which confers protective immunity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the probiotic potential and adhesion ability of three L. plantarum strains. Furthermore, a recombinant L. plantarum strain expressing the head domain of swIAV antigen HA1 was constructed and evaluated for its ability to prevent swIAV infection. RESULTS The three L. plantarum strains isolated from healthy pig faecal samples maintained the highest survival rate when incubated at pH 3 and at bile salt concentration of 0.3%. They also showed high adherence to intestinal cells. All three L. plantarum strains were monitored in live mice, and no major differences in transit time were observed. Recombinant L. plantarum expressed swIAV HA1 protein (pSIP401-HA1-ZN-3) and conferred effective mucosal, cellular and systemic immune responses in the intestine as well as in the upper respiratory airways of mice. In conclusion, the oral and intranasal administration of L. plantarum strain pSIP401-HA1-ZN-3 in mice induced mucosal immunity and most importantly, provided protection against lethal influenza virus challenge. CONCLUSION In summary, these findings suggest that the engineered L. plantarum strain pSIP401-HA1-ZN-3 can be considered as an alternative approach for developing a novel vaccine during an swine influenza A pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiali Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China. .,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Meilin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China. .,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Kang X, Zhou X, Tang Y, Jiang Z, Chen J, Mohsin M, Yue M. Characterization of Two-Component System CitB Family in Salmonella Pullorum. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710201. [PMID: 36077599 PMCID: PMC9456408 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica, serovar Gallinarum, biovar Pullorum, is an avian-specific pathogen which has caused considerable economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. Two-component systems (TCSs) play an essential role in obtaining nutrients, detecting the presence of neighboring bacteria and regulating the expression of virulence factors. The genome analysis of S. Pullorum strain S06004 suggesting the carriage of 22 pairs of TCSs, which belong to five families named CitB, OmpR, NarL, Chemotaxis and LuxR. In the CitB family, three pairs of TCSs, namely CitA-CitB, DcuS-DcuR and DpiB-DpiA, remain unaddressed in S. Pullorum. To systematically investigate the function of the CitB family in S. Pullorum, four mutants, ΔcitAB (abbreviated as Δcit), ΔdcuSR (Δdcu), ΔdpiBA (Δdpi) and ΔcitABΔdcuSRΔdpiBA (Δ3), were made using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The results demonstrated that the CitB family did not affect the growth of bacteria, the results of biochemical tests, invasion and proliferation in chicken macrophage HD-11 cells and the expression of fimbrial protein. But the mutants showed thicker biofilm formation, higher resistance to antimicrobial agents, enhanced tolerance to inhibition by egg albumen and increased virulence in chicken embryos. Moreover, the deletion of Dpi TCS was detrimental to survival after exposure to hyperosmotic and oxidative environments, as well as the long-term colonization of the small intestine of chickens. Collectively, we provided new knowledge regarding the possible role of the CitB family involved in the pathogenic processes of S. Pullorum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiamei Kang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University College of Animal Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiao Zhou
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University College of Animal Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanting Tang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University College of Animal Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhijie Jiang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University College of Animal Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University College of Animal Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Mohsin
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University College of Animal Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Min Yue
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University College of Animal Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory, Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-571-88982832
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Microbiological Characteristics and Pathogenesis of Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Hainan Black Goat. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9090471. [PMID: 36136687 PMCID: PMC9501091 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9090471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
K. pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen that leads to widespread infection in humans and animals, seriously threatening human health and animal husbandry development. In our research, we investigated the biological characteristics of the isolate by using a 16S rRNA gene sequencing, biochemical assay, and drug sensitivity test. Moreover, the pathogenicity study, including the bacteria load determination, the histopathology examination, and the RNA sequencing was carried out to explore whether the isolate could cause lung injury in mice through intraperitoneal injection. The results indicated that the isolate was identified as K. pneumoniae and named as KPHN001. The drug susceptibility test showed that KPHN001 was only sensitive to polymyxin B and furazolidone, and was resistant to other 28 antibiotics. In the bacteria load determination, the highest bacterial load of the organs was found in the spleen, and abundant bacterial colonization was also found in the lung. The histopathology showed the mainly acute inflammations in the lung were due to congestion, edema, and exudation. RNA-seq analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines were expressed massively in mice. In the present research, the biological characteristics and pathogenesis of clinically isolated K. pneumoniae were systematically studied, revealing the pathogenic mechanism of K. pneumoniae to animals, and providing a theoretical basis for the following prevention, control, and diagnosis research.
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Zhang JF, Shang K, Wei B, Lee YJ, Park JY, Jang HK, Cha SY, Kang M. Evaluation of Safety and Protective Efficacy of a waaJ and spiC Double Deletion Korean Epidemic Strain of Salmonella enterica Serovar Gallinarum. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:756123. [PMID: 34869728 PMCID: PMC8635151 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.756123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
With an aim to develop a highly attenuated and strongly immunogenic distinguishable vaccine candidate, a waaJ (a gene involved in the synthesis of lipopolysaccharide) and spiC (a virulence gene) double deletion Korean epidemic strain of S. enterica ser. Gallinarum (SG005) was constructed. Our results showed that the growth and biochemical characteristics were not altered by this double deletion. The double deletion strain contained dual markers. One was a bacteriological marker (rough phenotype) and the other was a serological marker helping distinguish infected chickens from vaccinated chickens. The double deletion strain showed good genetic stability and reduced resistance to environmental stresses in vitro; furthermore, it was extremely safe and highly avirulent in broilers. Single intramuscular or oral immunization of 7-day-old broilers with the double deletion strain could stimulate the body to produce antibody levels similar to the conventional vaccine strain SG9R. In addition, against a lethal wild-type challenge, it conferred effective protection that was comparable to that seen in the group vaccinated with SG9R. In conclusion, this double deletion strain may be an effective vaccine candidate for controlling S. enterica ser. Gallinarum infection in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Feng Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Ke Shang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Bai Wei
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Yea-Jin Lee
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Jong-Yeol Park
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Kwan Jang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Se-Yeoun Cha
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Min Kang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
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