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Gu X, Zhou H, Miao M, Hu D, Wang X, Zhou J, Teichmann AT, Yang Y, Wang C. Therapeutic Potential of Natural Resources Against Endometriosis: Current Advances and Future Perspectives. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:3667-3696. [PMID: 39188919 PMCID: PMC11345706 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s464910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis (EMS) is defined as the appearance, growth, infiltration, and repeated bleeding of endometrioid tissue (glands and stroma) outside the uterus cavity, which can form nodules and masses. Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory estrogen-dependent disease and occurs in women of reproductive age. This disorder may significantly affect the quality of life of patients. The pathogenic processes involved in the development and maintenance of endometriosis remain unclear. Current treatment options for endometriosis mainly include drug therapy and surgery. Drug therapy mainly ties to the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and hormonal drugs. However, these drugs may produce adverse effects when used for long-term treatment of endometriosis, such as nausea, vomiting gastrointestinal reactions, abnormal liver and kidney function, gastric ulcers, and thrombosis. Although endometriosis lesions can be surgically removed, the disease has a high recurrence rate after surgical resection, with a recurrence rate of 21.5% within 2 years and 40% to 50% within 5 years. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop alternative or additional therapies for the treatment of endometriosis. In this review, we give a systematic summary of therapeutic multiple component prescriptions (including traditional Chinese medicine and so on), bioactive crude extracts of plants/herbs and purified compounds and their newly found mechanisms reported in literature in recent years against endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Gu
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Leshan People’s Hospital, Leshan, 614003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengyue Miao
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Daifeng Hu
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- The Basic Medical College, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Chengdu Third People’s Hospital, Chengdu, 610014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Alexander Tobias Teichmann
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Youzhe Yang
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People’s Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People’s Republic of China
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Park Y, Guan X, Han SJ. N-Myc and STAT Interactor is an Endometriosis Suppressor. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8145. [PMID: 39125716 PMCID: PMC11312104 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In patients with endometriosis, refluxed endometrial fragments evade host immunosurveillance, developing into endometriotic lesions. However, the mechanisms underlying this evasion have not been fully elucidated. N-Myc and STAT Interactor (NMI) have been identified as key players in host immunosurveillance, including interferon (IFN)-induced cell death signaling pathways. NMI levels are markedly reduced in the stromal cells of human endometriotic lesions due to modulation by the Estrogen Receptor beta/Histone Deacetylase 8 axis. Knocking down NMI in immortalized human endometrial stromal cells (IHESCs) led to elevated RNA levels of genes involved in cell-to-cell adhesion and extracellular matrix signaling following IFNA treatment. Furthermore, NMI knockdown inhibited IFN-regulated canonical signaling pathways, such as apoptosis mediated by Interferon Stimulated Gene Factor 3 and necroptosis upon IFNA treatment. In contrast, NMI knockdown with IFNA treatment activated non-canonical IFN-regulated signaling pathways that promote proliferation, including β-Catenin and AKT signaling. Moreover, NMI knockdown in IHESCs stimulated ectopic lesions' growth in mouse endometriosis models. Therefore, NMI is a novel endometriosis suppressor, enhancing apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation and cell adhesion of endometrial cells upon IFN exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Park
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Xiaoming Guan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Sang Jun Han
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Nuclear Receptor, Transcription and Chromatin Biology Program, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Zeng Y, Hang F, Peng C, Zhao L, Ou S, Luo L, Liu B. Research progress in rodent models of endometriosis. J Reprod Immunol 2024; 163:104219. [PMID: 38422807 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2024.104219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a common and frequent disease in gynecology; its etiology and pathogenesis are partially understood and still not clear. The construction of suitable animal models is beneficial for basic research related to the disease. Currently, rodents have the advantages of low cost, fast reproduction, easy rearing, and a similar endometrial structure to humans. Depending on the purpose of the experiment, different molding methods have their advantages. In this paper, we describe the traditional methods of constructing endometriosis rodent models, compare their advantages and disadvantages, and introduce newly developed rodent models, such as cell line injection models, pain models, genetically engineered mouse models, fluorescent tracer models, iron overload models, chemical induction models, and methods of constructing rodent models of different subtypes of endometriosis. Fertility and treatment of endometriosis rodent models are also described. This study provides a reference for researchers in the selection of animal models for pathogenesis and drug treatment studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zeng
- Guangxi Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Fu Hang
- Guangxi Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Chuyu Peng
- Guangxi Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Guangxi Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Shanshan Ou
- Guangxi Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Liumei Luo
- Guangxi Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Guangxi Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
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Nsairat H, Jaber AM, Faddah H, Ahmad S. Oleuropein impact on colorectal cancer. Future Sci OA 2024; 10:FSO. [PMID: 38817366 PMCID: PMC11137855 DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2023-0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is considered the third most common cancer in the world. In Mediterranean region, olives and olive oil play a substantial role in diet and medical traditional behaviors. They totally believe that high consumption of olive products can treat a wide range of diseases and decrease risk of illness. Oleuropein is the main active antioxidant molecule found in pre-mature olive fruit and leaves. Recently, it has been demonstrated that oleuropein is used in cancer therapy as an anti-proliferative and apoptotic agent for some cancer cells. In this review, we would like to explore the conclusive effects of oleuropein on CRC with respect to in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamdi Nsairat
- Pharmacological & Diagnostic Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, 19328, Jordan
| | - Areej M Jaber
- Pharmacological & Diagnostic Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, 19328, Jordan
| | - Haya Faddah
- Pharmacological & Diagnostic Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, 19328, Jordan
| | - Somaya Ahmad
- Pharmacological & Diagnostic Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, 19328, Jordan
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Park Y, Guan X, Han SJ. N-Myc and STAT Interactor is an endometriosis suppressor. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.08.593227. [PMID: 38766020 PMCID: PMC11100765 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.08.593227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
In patients with endometriosis, refluxed endometrial fragments evade host immunosurveillance, developing into endometriotic lesions. However, the mechanisms underlying this evasion have not been fully elucidated. N-Myc and STAT Interactor (NMI) have been identified as key players in host immunosurveillance, including interferon (IFN)-induced cell death signaling pathways. NMI levels are markedly reduced in the stromal cells of human endometriotic lesions due to modulation by the Estrogen Receptor beta/Histone Deacetylase 8 axis. Knocking down NMI in immortalized human endometrial stromal cells (IHESCs) led to elevated RNA levels of genes involved in cell-to-cell adhesion and extracellular matrix signaling following IFNA treatment. Furthermore, NMI knockdown inhibited IFN-regulated canonical signaling pathways, such as apoptosis mediated by Interferon Stimulated Gene Factor 3, and necroptosis upon IFNA treatment. In contrast, NMI knockdown with IFNA treatment activated non-canonical IFN-regulated signaling pathways that promote proliferation, including β-Catenin and AKT signaling. Moreover, NMI knockdown in IHESCs stimulated ectopic lesions' growth in mouse endometriosis models. Therefore, NMI is a novel endometriosis suppressor, enhancing apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation and cell adhesion of endometrial cells upon IFN exposure.
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Sun Y, Zhang S, Zhang X, Li G, Sun F, Wang M, Ren C, Jiang A, Yang T. AURKA Enhances the Glycolysis and Development of Ovarian Endometriosis Through ERβ. Endocrinology 2024; 165:bqae018. [PMID: 38340326 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqae018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian endometriosis (EMs) is a benign, estrogen-dependent gynecological disorder. Estrogen receptor beta (ERβ), a nuclear receptor for estradiol, plays an important role in the development of ovarian EMs. Here, we investigated the biological significance of aurora kinase A (AURKA) in ovarian EMs and the mechanism by which it regulates ERβ. We used immunohistochemical assays to verify that AURKA and ERβ were highly expressed in ectopic endometrial tissues. Cell proliferation and colony formation assays were used to demonstrate that AURKA promoted the proliferation of EMs cells. Wound-healing assay, Transwell migration assay, and Matrigel invasion assay further showed that AURKA enhanced the ability of EMs cells to migrate and invade. In addition, AURKA was shown to stimulate glycolysis in EMs cells by measuring the concentration of glucose and lactate in the cell supernatants. Moreover, the AURKA inhibitor alisertib was found to inhibit the progression of ovarian EMs and glycolysis in a mouse model of EMs by measuring ectopic tissues as well as by testing the peritoneal fluid of mice. Furthermore, coimmunoprecipitation assay showed that AURKA interacted with ERβ. The rescue experiments confirmed that AURKA regulated the development and glycolysis of ovarian EMs in an ERβ-dependent manner. AURKA contributed to the development of ovarian EMs by upregulating of ERβ. AURKA may represent a new target for the treatment of ovarian EMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Sun
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, 261041, P.R. China
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, 261041, P.R. China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, 261053, P.R. China
| | - Shucai Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, 261041, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhucheng People's Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, 262299, P.R. China
| | - Guotao Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, 261041, P.R. China
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, 261041, P.R. China
| | - Fangyuan Sun
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, 261041, P.R. China
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, 261041, P.R. China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, 261053, P.R. China
| | - Mengxue Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, 261041, P.R. China
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, 261041, P.R. China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, 261053, P.R. China
| | - Chune Ren
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, 261041, P.R. China
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, 261041, P.R. China
| | - Aifang Jiang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, 261041, P.R. China
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, 261041, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Yang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, 261041, P.R. China
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, 261041, P.R. China
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Huang J, Chen X, Liu J. High mobility group box 1 promotes endometriosis under hypoxia by regulating inflammation and autophagy in vitro and in vivo. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 127:111397. [PMID: 38134596 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endometriosis is a chronic disease. Our previous study identified a positive correlation between high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and endometriosis, and HMGB1 and inflammation. However, the precise roles of HMGB1 in endometriosis are not fully elucidated. METHODS We overexpressed HMGB1 in human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs). The expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and autophagy-related markers were detected by Western blot and ELISA. We generated HMGB1 deficient mice and established the murine model of endometriosis. The development of endometriosis was evaluated. The expression of cytokines and markers of autophagy in implant lesions and mouse endometrial stromal cells was measured. RESULTS Overexpression of HMGB1 in HESCs promoted the pro-inflammatory cytokines production and expression of autophagy-related markers. HMGB1 deficient mice had less implant lesions, decreased inflammatory cytokines level and down-regulated autophagy-related markers in implant lesions and mouse endometrial stromal cells. CONCLUSION HMGB1 promotes endometriosis by regulating inflammation and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingying Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No.250 East Street, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian, China.
| | - Xuan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No.250 East Street, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Jiangrui Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No.250 East Street, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian, China
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Huang E, Wang X, Chen L. Regulated Cell Death in Endometriosis. Biomolecules 2024; 14:142. [PMID: 38397379 PMCID: PMC10886833 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Regulated cell death (RCD) represents a distinct mode of cell demise, differing from accidental cell death (ACD), characterized by specific signaling cascades orchestrated by diverse biomolecules. The regular process of cell death plays a crucial role in upholding internal homeostasis, acting as a safeguard against biological or chemical damage. Nonetheless, specific programmed cell deaths have the potential to activate an immune-inflammatory response, potentially contributing to diseases by enlisting immune cells and releasing pro-inflammatory factors. Endometriosis, a prevalent gynecological ailment, remains incompletely understood despite substantial progress in unraveling associated signaling pathways. Its complexity is intricately tied to the dysregulation of inflammatory immune responses, with various RCD processes such as apoptosis, autophagic cell death, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis implicated in its development. Notably, limited research explores the association between endometriosis and specific RCD pathways like pyroptosis and cuproptosis. The exploration of regulated cell death in the context of endometriosis holds tremendous potential for further advancements. This article thoroughly reviews the molecular mechanisms governed by regulated cell death and their implications for endometriosis. A comprehensive understanding of the regulated cell death mechanism in endometriosis has the potential to catalyze the development of promising therapeutic strategies and chart the course for future research directions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lijuan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (E.H.)
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Zou W, Wang X, Xia X, Zhang T, Nie M, Xiong J, Fang X. Resveratrol protected against the development of endometriosis by promoting ferroptosis through miR-21-3p/p53/SLC7A11 signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 692:149338. [PMID: 38043156 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol is involved in regulating ferroptosis, but its role in Endometriosis (EMS) is not clear. In this study, we aim to investigate the effect of ferroptosis and resveratrol intervention in the pathogenesis of EMS cyst. Cell proliferation, migration, and oxidative stress level were analyzed. The interaction of miR-21-3p and p53 was analyzed by dual luciferase assay. The interaction between p53 and SLC7A11 were analyzed by chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP). The miR-21-3p, GPX4, ACSL4, FTH1, p53, SLC7A11, Ptgs2 and Chac1 expression were analyzed by RT-qPCR or Western blot. The Fe3+ deposition and miR-21-3p, GPX4, FTH1 and SLC7A11 expressions were increased, and ACSL4, p53, Ptgs2 and Chac1 expression were decreased in EMS patients. Resveratrol inhibited migration, induced Ptgs2 and Chac1 expression in EESCs. Overexpression of miR-21-3p inhibited p53, Ptgs2 and Chac1 expression, and promoted SLC7A11 expression, which was reversed by resveratrol. miR-21-3p bound to p53, which interacted with SLC7A11. Resveratrol promoted Ptgs2 and Chac1 expression in the sh-p53 EESCs. Resveratrol reduced miR-21-3p and SLC7A11 expressions, and increased p53, Ptgs2 and Chac1 expressions, and Fe3+ deposition in the lesion tissues of EMS mice, which were reversed by miR-21-3p mimics. Resveratrol activated p53/SLC7A11 pathway by down-regulating miR-21-3p to promote ferroptosis and prevent the development of EMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaomeng Xia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Meifang Nie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Xiong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoling Fang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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Pirković A, Jovanović Krivokuća M, Vilotić A, Nacka-Aleksić M, Bojić-Trbojević Ž, Dekanski D. Oleuropein Stimulates Migration of Human Trophoblast Cells and Expression of Invasion-Associated Markers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:500. [PMID: 38203672 PMCID: PMC10779171 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Successful pregnancy establishment requires highly synchronized cross talk between the invasive trophoblast cells and the receptive maternal endometrium. Any disturbances in this tightly regulated process may lead to pregnancy complications. Local factors such as nutrients, hormones, cytokines and reactive oxygen species modulate the invasion of extravillous trophoblasts through critical signaling cascades. Epidemiological studies strongly indicate that a Mediterranean diet can significantly impact molecular pathways during placentation. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to examine whether oleuropein (OLE), one of the main compounds of the Mediterranean diet, may influence trophoblast cell adhesion and migration, as well as the expression of invasion-associated molecular markers and inflammatory pathways fostering these processes. HTR-8/SVneo cells were incubated with OLE at selected concentrations of 10 and 100 µM for 24 h. Results showed that OLE did not affect trophoblast cell viability, proliferation and adhesion after 24 h in in vitro treatment. The mRNA expression of integrin subunits α1, α5 and β1, as well as matrix-degrading enzymes MMP-2 and -9, was significantly increased after treatment with 10 µM OLE. Furthermore, OLE at a concentration of 10 µM significantly increased the protein expression of integrin subunits α1 and β1. Also, OLE inhibited the activation of JNK and reduced the protein expression of COX-2. Finally, a lower concentration of OLE 10 µM significantly stimulated migration of HTR-8/SVneo cells. In conclusion, the obtained results demonstrate the effects of OLE on the function of trophoblast cells by promoting cell migration and stimulating the expression of invasion markers. As suggested from results, these effects may be mediated via inhibition of the JNK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Dragana Dekanski
- Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, Department for Biology of Reproduction, University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.P.); (M.J.K.); (A.V.); (M.N.-A.); (Ž.B.-T.)
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11
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Tan Z, Gong X, Wang CC, Zhang T, Huang J. Diminished Ovarian Reserve in Endometriosis: Insights from In Vitro, In Vivo, and Human Studies-A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15967. [PMID: 37958954 PMCID: PMC10647261 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis, a prevalent disorder in women of reproductive age, is often associated with undesired infertility. Ovarian reserve, an essential measure of ovarian function that is crucial for maintaining fecundity, is frequently diminished in women with endometriosis. Though the causative relationship between endometriosis and reduced ovarian reserve is not fully understood due to the lack of standardized and precise measurements of ovarian reserve, there is ongoing discussion regarding the impact of interventions for endometriosis on ovarian reserve. Therefore, in this review, we investigate articles that have related keywords and which were also published in recent years. Thereafter, we provide a comprehensive summary of evidence from in vitro, in vivo, and human studies, thereby shedding light on the decreased ovarian reserve in endometriosis. This research consolidates evidence from in vitro, in vivo, and human studies on the diminished ovarian reserve associated with endometriosis, as well as enhances our understanding of whether and how endometriosis, as well as its interventions, contribute to reductions in ovarian reserve. Furthermore, we explore potential strategies to modify existing therapy options that could help prevent diminished ovarian reserve in patients with endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouyurong Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (Z.T.); (X.G.); (C.C.W.)
| | - Xue Gong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (Z.T.); (X.G.); (C.C.W.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Chi Chiu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (Z.T.); (X.G.); (C.C.W.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Sichuan University Joint Laboratory in Reproductive Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Reproduction and Development, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (Z.T.); (X.G.); (C.C.W.)
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (Z.T.); (X.G.); (C.C.W.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
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Chen S, Liu Y, Zhong Z, Wei C, Liu Y, Zhu X. Peritoneal immune microenvironment of endometriosis: Role and therapeutic perspectives. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1134663. [PMID: 36865552 PMCID: PMC9971222 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1134663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis, an estrogen-dependent chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the growth of endometrium-like tissues outside the uterine cavity, affects 10% of reproductive-age women. Although the pathogenesis of endometriosis is uncertain, it is widely accepted that retrograde menstruation results in ectopic endometrial tissue implantation. Given that not all women with retrograde menstruation develop endometriosis, immune factors have been hypothesized to affect the pathogenesis of endometriosis. In this review, we demonstrate that the peritoneal immune microenvironment, including innate immunity and adaptive immunity, plays a central role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Current evidence supports the fact that immune cells, such as macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, dendritic cells (DCs), neutrophils, T cells, and B cells, as well as cytokines and inflammatory mediators, contribute to the vascularization and fibrogenesis of endometriotic lesions, accelerating the implantation and development of ectopic endometrial lesions. Endocrine system dysfunction influences the immune microenvironment through overexpressed estrogen and progesterone resistance. In light of the limitations of hormonal therapy, we describe the prospects for potential diagnostic biomarkers and nonhormonal therapy based on the regulation of the immune microenvironment. Further studies are warranted to explore the available diagnostic biomarkers and immunological therapeutic strategies for endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siman Chen
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yukai Liu
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqi Zhong
- Xinglin College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunyan Wei
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyin Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyong Zhu
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Xiaoyong Zhu,
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Rodent Animal Models of Endometriosis-Associated Pain: Unmet Needs and Resources Available for Improving Translational Research in Endometriosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032422. [PMID: 36768741 PMCID: PMC9917069 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain induced by endometriosis is a maladaptive pain experienced by half of women with this disease. The lack of pharmacological treatments suitable for the long-term relief of endometriosis-associated pain, without an impact on fertility, remains an urgent unmet need. Progress has been slowed by the absence of a reproducible rodent endometriosis model that fully replicates human physiopathological characteristics, including pain symptoms. Although pain assessment in rodents is a complicated task requiring qualified researchers, the choice of the behavioral test is no less important, since selecting inappropriate tests can cause erroneous data. Pain is usually measured with reflex tests in which hypersensitivity is evaluated by applying a noxious stimulus, yet this ignores the associated emotional component that could be evaluated via non-reflex tests. We conducted a systematic review of endometriosis models used in rodents and the number of them that studied pain. The type of behavioral test used was also analyzed and classified according to reflex and non-reflex tests. Finally, we determined the most used reflex tests for the study of endometriosis-induced pain and the main non-reflex behavioral tests utilized in visceral pain that can be extrapolated to the study of endometriosis and complement traditional reflex tests.
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