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Uchio R, Okuda-Hanafusa C, Sakaguchi H, Saji R, Muroyama K, Murosaki S, Yamamoto Y, Hirose Y. Curcuma longa extract reduces serum inflammatory markers and postprandial hyperglycemia in healthy but borderline participants with overweight and glycemia in the normal/prediabetes range: a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trial. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1324196. [PMID: 38347961 PMCID: PMC10859506 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1324196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The spice turmeric, which has the Latin name Curcuma longa (C. longa), has various physiological effects. This study evaluated the effects of a hot water mixture with supercritical carbon dioxide C. longa extracts, CLE, and the potential active components of C. longa, turmeronols A and B and bisacurone on inflammation and glucose metabolism. First, we investigated the effect of CLE and the potential active components of C. longa on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 macrophages. We found a significant decrease in the production of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and nitric oxide with CLE, turmeronol A, and bisacurone, Significant inhibition of each of these substances was also observed, except for TNF-α with turmeronol B. The second part of our work was a 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in healthy but borderline adults aged 40 to 69 years with overweight and normal/prediabetes glycemia. We compared blood inflammatory and glycometabolic markers in the CLE (n = 55) and placebo groups (n = 55). We found significantly lower serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and hemoglobin A1c levels in the CLE group. This group also showed significant improvements in postprandial hyperglycemia and insulin sensitivity indices. Our findings indicate that CLE may reduce low-grade inflammation and thus improve insulin sensitivity and postprandial hyperglycemia. Clinical trial registration: https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000051492, UMIN-CTR, UMIN000045106.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryusei Uchio
- Research & Development Institute, House Wellness Foods Corp., Itami, Hyogo, Japan
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ALRashdi B, Mohamed R, Mohamed A, Samoul F, Mohamed M, Moussa M, Alrashidi S, Dawod B, Habotta O, Abdel Moneim A, Ramadan S. Therapeutic activity of green synthesized selenium nanoparticles from turmeric against cisplatin-induced oxido-inflammatory stress and cell death in mice kidney. Biosci Rep 2023; 43:BSR20231130. [PMID: 37902021 PMCID: PMC10643052 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20231130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) is a commonly prescribed chemotherapeutic agent; however, its associated nephrotoxicity limits its clinical efficacy and sometimes requires discontinuation of its use. The existing study was designed to explore the reno-therapeutic efficacy of turmeric (Tur) alone or conjugated with selenium nanoparticles (Tur-SeNPs) against CDDP-mediated renal impairment in mice and the mechanisms underlying this effect. Mice were orally treated with Tur extract (200 mg/kg) or Tur-SeNPs (0.5 mg/kg) for 7 days after administration of a single dose of CDDP (5 mg/kg, i.p.). N-acetyl cysteine NAC (100 mg/kg) was used as a standard antioxidant compound. The results revealed that Tur-SeNPs counteracted CDDP-mediated serious renal effects in treated mice. Compared with the controls, Tur or Tur-SeNPs therapy remarkably decreased the kidney index along with the serum levels of urea, creatinine, Kim-1, and NGAL of the CDDP-injected mice. Furthermore, Tur-SeNPs ameliorated the renal oxidant status of CDDP group demonstrated by decreased MDA and NO levels along with elevated levels of SOD, CAT, GPx, GR, GSH, and gene expression levels of HO-1. Noteworthy, lessening of renal inflammation was exerted by Tur-SeNPs via lessening of IL-6 and TNF-α besides down-regulation of NF-κB gene expression in mouse kidneys. Tur-SeNPs treatment also restored the renal histological features attained by CDDP challenge and hindered renal apoptosis through decreasing the Bax levels and increasing Bcl-2 levels. Altogether, these outcomes suggest that the administration of Tur conjugated with SeNPs is effective neoadjuvant chemotherapy to guard against the renal adverse effects that are associated with CDDP therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barakat M. ALRashdi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roaya A. Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal H. Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Feryal A. Samoul
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mazen I. Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohsen M. Moussa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Saad M. Alrashidi
- Consultant Radiation Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, King Fahad Medical City and College of medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bassel Dawod
- McMaster Children’s Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Ola A. Habotta
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E. Abdel Moneim
- Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shimaa S. Ramadan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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Kunnumakkara AB, Hegde M, Parama D, Girisa S, Kumar A, Daimary UD, Garodia P, Yenisetti SC, Oommen OV, Aggarwal BB. Role of Turmeric and Curcumin in Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases: Lessons Learned from Clinical Trials. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:447-518. [PMID: 37082752 PMCID: PMC10111629 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.2c00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Turmeric (Curcuma longa) has been used for thousands of years for the prevention and treatment of various chronic diseases. Curcumin is just one of >200 ingredients in turmeric. Almost 7000 scientific papers on turmeric and almost 20,000 on curcumin have been published in PubMed. Scientific reports based on cell culture or animal studies are often not reproducible in humans. Therefore, human clinical trials are the best indicators for the prevention and treatment of a disease using a given agent/drug. Herein, we conducted an extensive literature survey on PubMed and Scopus following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The keywords "turmeric and clinical trials" and "curcumin and clinical trials" were considered for data mining. A total of 148 references were found to be relevant for the key term "turmeric and clinical trials", of which 70 were common in both PubMed and Scopus, 44 were unique to PubMed, and 34 were unique to Scopus. Similarly, for the search term "curcumin and clinical trials", 440 references were found to be relevant, of which 70 were unique to PubMed, 110 were unique to Scopus, and 260 were common to both databases. These studies show that the golden spice has enormous health and medicinal benefits for humans. This Review will extract and summarize the lessons learned about turmeric and curcumin in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases based on clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Department
of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian
Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam-781039, India
| | - Mangala Hegde
- Department
of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian
Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam-781039, India
| | - Dey Parama
- Department
of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian
Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam-781039, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Department
of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian
Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam-781039, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Department
of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian
Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam-781039, India
| | - Uzini Devi Daimary
- Department
of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian
Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam-781039, India
| | - Prachi Garodia
- Integrative
Research Center, Miami, Florida 33125, United States
| | - Sarat Chandra Yenisetti
- Department
of Zoology, Drosophila Neurobiology Laboratory, Nagaland University (Central), Lumami, Nagaland-798627, India
| | - Oommen V. Oommen
- Department
of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala-695581, India
| | - Bharat B. Aggarwal
- Inflammation
Research Center, San Diego, California 92109, United States
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Dehzad MJ, Ghalandari H, Nouri M, Askarpour M. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin/turmeric supplementation in adults: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Cytokine 2023; 164:156144. [PMID: 36804260 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Turmeric and its prominent bioactive compound, curcumin, have been the subject of many investigations with regard to their impact on inflammatory and oxidative balance in the body. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we summarized the existing literature on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which examined this hypothesis. Major databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar) were searched from inception up to October 2022. Relevant studies meeting our eligibility criteria were obtained. Main outcomes included inflammatory markers (i.e. C-reactive protein(CRP), tumour necrosis factorα(TNF-α), interleukin-6(IL-6), and interleukin 1 beta(IL-1β)) and markers of oxidative stress (i.e. total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde(MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity). Weighted mean differences (WMDs) were reported. P-values < 0.05 were considered significant. Sixty-six RCTs were included in the final analysis. We observed that turmeric/curcumin supplementation significantly reduces levels of inflammatory markers, including CRP (WMD: -0.58 mg/l, 95 % CI: -0.74, -0.41), TNF-α (WMD: -3.48 pg/ml, 95 % CI: -4.38, -2.58), and IL-6 (WMD: -1.31 pg/ml, 95 % CI: -1.58, -0.67); except for IL-1β (WMD: -0.46 pg/ml, 95 % CI: -1.18, 0.27) for which no significant change was found. Also, turmeric/curcumin supplementation significantly improved anti-oxidant activity through enhancing TAC (WMD = 0.21 mmol/l; 95 % CI: 0.08, 0.33), reducing MDA levels (WMD = -0.33 µmol /l; 95 % CI: -0.53, -0.12), and SOD activity (WMD = 20.51 u/l; 95 % CI: 7.35, 33.67). It seems that turmeric/curcumin supplementation might be used as a viable intervention for improving inflammatory/oxidative status of individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Jafar Dehzad
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamid Ghalandari
- Student Research Committee, Department of community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehran Nouri
- Student Research Committee, Department of community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Moein Askarpour
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Unhapipatpong C, Polruang N, Shantavasinkul PC, Julanon N, Numthavaj P, Thakkinstian A. The effect of curcumin supplementation on weight loss and anthropometric indices: an umbrella review and updated meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 117:1005-1016. [PMID: 36898635 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Curcumin supplementation may promote weight loss and ameliorate obesity-related complications through its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. OBJECTIVE An umbrella review and updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to evaluate the effect of curcumin supplementation on anthropometric indices. METHODS Systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRMAs) of RCTs were identified from electronic databases (Medline, Scopus, Cochrane, and Google Scholar) up to 31 March, 2022, without language restriction. SRMAs were included if they assessed curcumin supplementation on any of the following: BMI, body weight (BW), or waist circumference (WC). Subgroup analyses were performed, stratifying by patient types, severity of obesity, and curcumin formula. The study protocol was a priori registered. RESULTS From an umbrella review, 14 SRMAs with 39 individual RCTs were included with a high degree of overlap. In addition, searching was updated from the last search of included SRMAs in April 2021 up to 31 March, 2022, and we found 11 additional RCTs, bringing the total up to 50 RCTs included in the updated meta-analyses. Of these, 21 RCTs were deemed of high risk of bias. Curcumin supplementation significantly reduced BMI, BW, and WC with mean differences (MDs) of -0.24 kg/m2 (95% CI: -0.32, -0.16 kg/m2), -0.59 kg (95% CI: -0.81, -0.36 kg), and -1.32 cm (95% CI: -1.95, -0.69 cm), respectively. The bioavailability-enhanced form reduced BMI, BWs, and WC more, with MDs of -0.26 kg/m2 (95% CI: -0.38, -0.13 kg/m2), -0.80 kg (95% CI: -1.38, -0.23 kg) and -1.41 cm (95% CI: -2.24, -0.58 cm), respectively. Significant effects were also seen in subgroups of patients, especially in adults with obesity and diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Curcumin supplementation significantly reduces anthropometric indices, and bioavailability-enhanced formulas are preferred. Augmenting curcumin supplement with lifestyle modification should be an option for weight reduction. This trial was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42022321112 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022321112).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanita Unhapipatpong
- Division of Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Khon Kaen Hospital, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Nint Polruang
- Department of Pharmacy, Khon Kaen Hospital, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Prapimporn Chattranukulchai Shantavasinkul
- Division of Nutrition and Biochemical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Graduate Program in Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
| | - Narachai Julanon
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Pawin Numthavaj
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ammarin Thakkinstian
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Dehzad MJ, Ghalandari H, Nouri M, Askarpour M. Effects of curcumin/turmeric supplementation on obesity indices and adipokines in adults: A grade-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Phytother Res 2023; 37:1703-1728. [PMID: 36882287 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we explored the effect of curcumin/turmeric supplementation on anthropometric indices of obesity, leptin, and adiponectin. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar up to August 2022. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) investigating the impact of curcumin/turmeric on obesity indices and adipokines were included. We applied the Cochrane quality assessment tool to evaluate the risk of bias. The registration number is CRD42022350946. Sixty eligible RCTs, with a total sample size of 3691 individuals were included for quantitative analysis. We found that supplementation with curcumin/turmeric significantly reduced body weight (WMD: -0.82 kg, 95% CI: -1.30, -0.35; p = 0.001), body mass index (WMD: -0.30 kg/m2 , 95% CI: -0.53, -0.06, p = 0.013), waist circumference (WMD: -1.31 cm, 95% CI: -1.94, -0.69, p < 0.001), body fat percentage (WMD: -0.88%, 95% CI: -1.51, -0.25, p = 0.007), leptin (WMD = -4.46 ng/mL; 95% CI: -6.70, -2.21, p < 0.001), and increased adiponectin (WMD = 2.48 μg/mL; 95% CI: 1.34, 3.62, p < 0.001). Overall, our study shows that supplementation with curcumin/turmeric significantly improves anthropometric indices of obesity and adiposity-related adipokines (leptin and adiponectin). However, due to high between-studies heterogeneity, we should interpret the results with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Jafar Dehzad
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamid Ghalandari
- Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehran Nouri
- Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Moein Askarpour
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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SAJI R, UCHIO R, FUWA A, OKUDA-HANAFUSA C, KAWASAKI K, MUROYAMA K, MUROSAKI S, YAMAMOTO Y, HIROSE Y. Turmeronols (A and B) from Curcuma longa have anti-inflammatory effects in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV-2 microglial cells by reducing NF-κB signaling. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA, FOOD AND HEALTH 2023; 42:172-179. [PMID: 37404570 PMCID: PMC10315188 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.2022-071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Turmeronols (A and B), bisabolane-type sesquiterpenoids found in turmeric, reduce inflammation outside the brain in animals; however, their effects on neuroinflammation, a common pathology of various neurodegenerative diseases, are not understood. Inflammatory mediators produced by microglial cells play a key role in neuroinflammation, so this study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of turmeronols in BV-2 microglial cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Pretreatment with turmeronol A or B significantly inhibited LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production; mRNA expression of inducible NO synthase; production of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor α and upregulation of their mRNA expression; phosphorylation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 proteins and inhibitor of NF-κB kinase (IKK); and nuclear translocation of NF-κB. These results suggest that these turmeronols may prevent the production of inflammatory mediators by inhibiting the IKK/NF-κB signaling pathway in activated microglial cells and can potentially treat neuroinflammation associated with microglial activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke SAJI
- Research & Development Institute, House Wellness Foods
Corporation, 3-20 Imoji, Itami-shi, Hyogo 664-0011, Japan
| | - Ryusei UCHIO
- Research & Development Institute, House Wellness Foods
Corporation, 3-20 Imoji, Itami-shi, Hyogo 664-0011, Japan
| | - Arisa FUWA
- Research & Development Institute, House Wellness Foods
Corporation, 3-20 Imoji, Itami-shi, Hyogo 664-0011, Japan
| | - Chinatsu OKUDA-HANAFUSA
- Research & Development Institute, House Wellness Foods
Corporation, 3-20 Imoji, Itami-shi, Hyogo 664-0011, Japan
| | - Kengo KAWASAKI
- Research & Development Institute, House Wellness Foods
Corporation, 3-20 Imoji, Itami-shi, Hyogo 664-0011, Japan
| | - Koutarou MUROYAMA
- Research & Development Institute, House Wellness Foods
Corporation, 3-20 Imoji, Itami-shi, Hyogo 664-0011, Japan
| | - Shinji MUROSAKI
- Research & Development Institute, House Wellness Foods
Corporation, 3-20 Imoji, Itami-shi, Hyogo 664-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro YAMAMOTO
- Research & Development Institute, House Wellness Foods
Corporation, 3-20 Imoji, Itami-shi, Hyogo 664-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka HIROSE
- Research & Development Institute, House Wellness Foods
Corporation, 3-20 Imoji, Itami-shi, Hyogo 664-0011, Japan
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8
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Uchio R, Okuda-Hanafusa C, Saji R, Kawasaki K, Muroyama K, Murosaki S, Yamamoto Y, Hirose Y. A Hot Water Extract of Curcuma longa L. Improves Fasting Serum Glucose Levels in Participants with Low-Grade Inflammation: Reanalysis of Data from Two Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trials. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183763. [PMID: 36145139 PMCID: PMC9500701 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The dietary spice Curcuma longa L. (C. longa), also known as turmeric, has various biological effects. A hot water extract of C. longa was shown to have anti-inflammatory activities in preclinical and clinical studies. Chronic low-grade inflammation is associated with the disruption of glucose homeostasis, but the effect of C. longa extract on glucose metabolism in humans is poorly understood. Therefore, we investigated the effect of C. longa extracts on serum glucose levels in the presence of low-grade inflammation. We reanalyzed our published data from two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials in overweight participants aged 50 to 69 years and performed a stratified analysis using the inflammatory marker high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). In both studies, participants took a test food with a hot water extract of C. longa (C. longa extract group, n = 45 per study) or without C. longa extract (placebo group, n = 45 per study) daily for 12 weeks, and we measured the levels of serum hsCRP and fasting serum glucose. The mean baseline hsCRP value was used to stratify participants into two subgroups: a low-hsCRP subgroup (baseline mean hsCRP < 0.098 mg/dL) and a high-hsCRP subgroup (baseline mean hsCRP ≥ 0.098 mg/dL). In the low-hsCRP subgroup, we found no significant difference in fasting serum glucose levels between the two groups in either study, but in the high-hsCRP subgroup, the C. longa extract group had significantly lower levels of serum hsCRP (p < 0.05) and fasting serum glucose (p < 0.05) than the placebo group in both studies. In conclusion, a hot water extract of C. longa may help to improve systemic glucose metabolism in people with chronic low-grade inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryusei Uchio
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-72-778-1127; Fax: +81-72-778-0892
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Fuloria S, Mehta J, Chandel A, Sekar M, Rani NNIM, Begum MY, Subramaniyan V, Chidambaram K, Thangavelu L, Nordin R, Wu YS, Sathasivam KV, Lum PT, Meenakshi DU, Kumarasamy V, Azad AK, Fuloria NK. A Comprehensive Review on the Therapeutic Potential of Curcuma longa Linn. in Relation to its Major Active Constituent Curcumin. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:820806. [PMID: 35401176 PMCID: PMC8990857 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.820806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcuma longa Linn. (C. longa), popularly known as turmeric, belongs to the Zingiberaceae family and has a long historical background of having healing properties against many diseases. In Unani and Ayurveda medicine, C. longa has been used for liver obstruction and jaundice, and has been applied externally for ulcers and inflammation. Additionally, it is employed in several other ailments such as cough, cold, dental issues, indigestion, skin infections, blood purification, asthma, piles, bronchitis, tumor, wounds, and hepatic disorders, and is used as an antiseptic. Curcumin, a major constituent of C. longa, is well known for its therapeutic potential in numerous disorders. However, there is a lack of literature on the therapeutic potential of C. longa in contrast to curcumin. Hence, the present review aimed to provide in-depth information by highlighting knowledge gaps in traditional and scientific evidence about C. longa in relation to curcumin. The relationship to one another in terms of biological action includes their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anticancer, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, immunomodulatory, antifertility, antimicrobial, antiallergic, antidermatophytic, and antidepressant properties. Furthermore, in-depth discussion of C. longa on its taxonomic categorization, traditional uses, botanical description, phytochemical ingredients, pharmacology, toxicity, and safety aspects in relation to its major compound curcumin is needed to explore the trends and perspectives for future research. Considering all of the promising evidence to date, there is still a lack of supportive evidence especially from clinical trials on the adjunct use of C. longa and curcumin. This prompts further preclinical and clinical investigations on curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jyoti Mehta
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, India
| | - Aditi Chandel
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, India
| | - Mahendran Sekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, Malaysia
| | - Nur Najihah Izzati Mat Rani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, Malaysia
| | - M Yasmin Begum
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Kumarappan Chidambaram
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Rusli Nordin
- Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yuan Seng Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Pei Teng Lum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, Malaysia
| | | | - Vinoth Kumarasamy
- Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Perak, Malaysia
| | | | - Neeraj Kumar Fuloria
- Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Kedah, Malaysia.,Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
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