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Ortiz-Barrios M, Arias-Fonseca S, Ishizaka A, Barbati M, Avendaño-Collante B, Navarro-Jiménez E. Artificial intelligence and discrete-event simulation for capacity management of intensive care units during the Covid-19 pandemic: A case study. JOURNAL OF BUSINESS RESEARCH 2023; 160:113806. [PMID: 36895308 PMCID: PMC9981538 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.113806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic has pushed the Intensive Care Units (ICUs) into significant operational disruptions. The rapid evolution of this disease, the bed capacity constraints, the wide variety of patient profiles, and the imbalances within health supply chains still represent a challenge for policymakers. This paper aims to use Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Discrete-Event Simulation (DES) to support ICU bed capacity management during Covid-19. The proposed approach was validated in a Spanish hospital chain where we initially identified the predictors of ICU admission in Covid-19 patients. Second, we applied Random Forest (RF) to predict ICU admission likelihood using patient data collected in the Emergency Department (ED). Finally, we included the RF outcomes in a DES model to assist decision-makers in evaluating new ICU bed configurations responding to the patient transfer expected from downstream services. The results evidenced that the median bed waiting time declined between 32.42 and 48.03 min after intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Ortiz-Barrios
- Department of Productivity and Innovation, Universidad de la Costa CUC, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
| | - Sebastián Arias-Fonseca
- Department of Productivity and Innovation, Universidad de la Costa CUC, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
| | - Alessio Ishizaka
- NEOMA Business School, 1 rue du Maréchal Juin, Mont-Saint-Aignan 76130, France
| | - Maria Barbati
- Department of Economics, University Ca' Foscari, Cannaregio 873, Fondamenta San Giobbe, 30121 Venice, Italy
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Panja S, Chattopadhyay AK, Nag A, Singh JP. Fuzzy-logic-based IoMT framework for COVID19 patient monitoring. COMPUTERS & INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING 2023; 176:108941. [PMID: 36589280 PMCID: PMC9791793 DOI: 10.1016/j.cie.2022.108941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Smart healthcare is an integral part of a smart city, which provides real time and intelligent remote monitoring and tracking services to patients and elderly persons. In the era of an extraordinary public health crisis due to the spread of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), which caused the deaths of millions and affected a multitude of people worldwide in different ways, the role of smart healthcare has become indispensable. Any modern method that allows for speedy and efficient monitoring of COVID19-affected patients could be highly beneficial to medical staff. Several smart-healthcare systems based on the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) have attracted worldwide interest in their growing technical assistance in health services, notably in predicting, identifying and preventing, and their remote surveillance of most infectious diseases. In this paper, a real time health monitoring system for COVID19 patients based on edge computing and fuzzy logic technique is proposed. The proposed model makes use of the IoMT architecture to collect real time biological data (or health information) from the patients to monitor and analyze the health conditions of the infected patients and generates alert messages that are transmitted to the concerned parties such as relatives, medical staff and doctors to provide appropriate treatment in a timely fashion. The health data are collected through sensors attached to the patients and transmitted to the edge devices and cloud storage for further processing. The collected data are analyzed through fuzzy logic in edge devices to efficiently identify the risk status (such as low risk, moderate risk and high risk) of the COVID19 patients in real time. The proposed system is also associated with a mobile app that enables the continuous monitoring of the health status of the patients. Moreover, once alerted by the system about the high risk status of a patient, a doctor can fetch all the health records of the patient for a specified period, which can be utilized for a detailed clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subir Panja
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Central Institute of Technology Kokrajhar, India
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Academy of Technology, Adisaptagram, India
| | - Arup Kumar Chattopadhyay
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Central Institute of Technology Kokrajhar, India
| | - Amitava Nag
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Central Institute of Technology Kokrajhar, India
| | - Jyoti Prakash Singh
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar, India
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3
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Blanca D, Nicolosi S, Bandera A, Blasi F, Mantero M, Hu C, de Amicis MM, Lucchi T, Schinco G, Peyvandi F, Gualtierotti R, Fracanzani AL, Lombardi R, Canetta C, Montano N, Beretta L. Comparison between the first and second COVID-19 waves in Internal Medicine wards in Milan, Italy: a retrospective observational study. Intern Emerg Med 2022; 17:2219-2228. [PMID: 35970982 PMCID: PMC9377666 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-022-03052-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 spread in two pandemic waves in Italy between 2020 and 2021. The aim of this study is to compare the first with the second COVID-19 wave, analyzing modifiable and non-modifiable factors and how these factors affected mortality in patients hospitalized in Internal Medicine wards. Consecutive patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and dyspnea requiring O2 supplementation were included. The severity of lung involvement was categorized according to the patients' oxygen need. Six hundred and ten SARS-CoV-2 hospitalized patients satisfied the inclusion criteria. The overall estimated 4-week mortality was similar in the two pandemic waves. Several variables were associated with mortality after univariate analysis, but they lacked the significance after multivariable adjustment. Steroids did not exert any protective effect when analyzed in time-dependent models in the whole sample; however, steroids seemed to exert a protective effect in more severe patients. When analyzing the progression to different states of O2 supplementation during hospital stay, mortality was almost exclusively associated with the use of high-flow O2 or CPAP. The analysis of the transition from one state to the other by Cox-Markov models confirmed that age and the severity of lung involvement at admission, along with fever, were relevant factor for mortality or progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Blanca
- Division of Internal Medicine, Immunology and Allergology, Center for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Selene Nicolosi
- Division of Internal Medicine, Immunology and Allergology, Center for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bandera
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Blasi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Respiratory Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Mantero
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Respiratory Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Hu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Tiziano Lucchi
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Schinco
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Flora Peyvandi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Gualtierotti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Ludovica Fracanzani
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Unit of Medicine and Metabolic Disease, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosa Lombardi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Unit of Medicine and Metabolic Disease, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Ciro Canetta
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- High Care Internal Medicine Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Montano
- Division of Internal Medicine, Immunology and Allergology, Center for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Beretta
- Division of Internal Medicine, Immunology and Allergology, Center for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - on behalf of the Covid Network
- Division of Internal Medicine, Immunology and Allergology, Center for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Respiratory Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Unit of Medicine and Metabolic Disease, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- High Care Internal Medicine Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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Singh S, Kishore D, Singh RK. Potential for Further Mismanagement of Fever During COVID-19 Pandemic: Possible Causes and Impacts. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:751929. [PMID: 35308547 PMCID: PMC8924660 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.751929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fever remains an integral part of acute infectious diseases management, especially for those without effective therapeutics, but the widespread myths about "fevers" and the presence of confusing guidelines from different agencies, which have heightened during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and are open to alternate interpretation, could deny whole populations the benefits of fever. Guidelines suggesting antipyresis for 37.8-39°C fever are concerning as 39°C boosts the protective heat-shock and immune response (humoral, cell-mediated, and nutritional) whereas ≥40°C initiates/enhances the antiviral responses and restricts high-temperature adapted pathogens, e.g., severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), strains of influenza, and measles. Urgent attention is accordingly needed to address the situation because of the potential public health consequences of the existence of conflicting guidelines in the public domain. We have in this article attempted to restate the benefits of fever in disease resolution, dispel myths, and underline the need for alignment of national treatment guidelines with that of the WHO, to promote appropriate practices and reduce the morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases, such as COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Dhiraj Kishore
- Department of General Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Rakesh K. Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Efendi D, Hasan F, Natalia R, Utami AR, Sonko I, Asmarini TA, Yuningsih R, Wanda D, Sari D. Nursing care recommendation for pediatric COVID-19 patients in the hospital setting: A brief scoping review. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263267. [PMID: 35113925 PMCID: PMC8812980 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hospitalization of children during the COVID-19 pandemic has affected their physical and mental health. Pediatric nurses have faced challenges in providing high-quality nursing care for children and their families. However, the pediatric nursing care recommendations for COVID-19 patients in the hospital setting remain unclear. The current scoping review provides recommendations for nursing interventions for pediatric COVID-19 patients in the hospital setting. METHODS AND FINDINGS The selected articles containing management and nursing recommendations for COVID-19 that have occurred in pediatric patients ages 0-19 years old. A search strategy was developed and implemented in seven databases. We included peer-reviewed articles that reported observational or interventional studies, as well as policy papers, guides or guidelines, letters and editorials, and web articles. A total of 134 articles and other documents relevant to this review were included. We categorized the results based on The Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC) taxonomy which consists of six domains (e.g., Physiological: Basic); eleven classes (e.g., Nutrition Support); and eighteen intervention themes (e.g., Positioning, Family Presence Facilitation, Family Support, and Discharge Planning). CONCLUSION Apart from the intervention of physical problems, there is a need to promote patient- and family-centered care, play therapy, and discharge planning to help children and families cope with their new situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Defi Efendi
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Universitas Indonesia Hospital, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Faizul Hasan
- School of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Regina Natalia
- School of Nursing, Mitra Bunda Health Institute, Batam, Indonesia
| | - Ayuni Rizka Utami
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Ismaila Sonko
- School of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, The Quadrangle, Banjul, The Gambia, West Africa
| | - Titik Ambar Asmarini
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
- Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Gatot Soebroto Indonesian Central of Army Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Risna Yuningsih
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Dr. Dradjat Prawiranegara General Hospital, Banten, Indonesia
| | - Dessie Wanda
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Dian Sari
- School of Nursing, Prima Nusantara Health Institute, Bukittinggi, Indonesia
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Vavrinsky E, Zavodnik T, Debnar T, Cernaj L, Kozarik J, Micjan M, Nevrela J, Donoval M, Kopani M, Kosnacova H. Research and Development of a COVID-19 Tracking System in Order to Implement Analytical Tools to Reduce the Infection Risk. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:526. [PMID: 35062487 PMCID: PMC8780939 DOI: 10.3390/s22020526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The whole world is currently focused on COVID-19, which causes considerable economic and social damage. The disease is spreading rapidly through the population, and the effort to stop the spread is entirely still failing. In our article, we want to contribute to the improvement of the situation. We propose a tracking system that would identify affected people with greater accuracy than medical staff can. The main goal was to design hardware and construct a device that would track anonymous risky contacts in areas with a highly concentrated population, such as schools, hospitals, large social events, and companies. We have chosen a 2.4 GHz proprietary protocol for contact monitoring and mutual communication of individual devices. The 2.4 GHz proprietary protocol has many advantages such as a low price and higher resistance to interference and thus offers benefits. We conducted a pilot experiment to catch bugs in the system. The device is in the form of a bracelet and captures signals from other bracelets worn at a particular location. In case of contact with an infected person, the alarm is activated. This article describes the concept of the tracking system, the design of the devices, initial tests, and plans for future use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Vavrinsky
- Institute of Electronics and Photonics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Ilkovicova 3, 81219 Bratislava, Slovakia; (T.Z.); (T.D.); (L.C.); (J.K.); (M.M.); (J.N.); (M.D.)
- Institute of Medical Physics, Biophysics, Informatics and Telemedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 81272 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Tomas Zavodnik
- Institute of Electronics and Photonics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Ilkovicova 3, 81219 Bratislava, Slovakia; (T.Z.); (T.D.); (L.C.); (J.K.); (M.M.); (J.N.); (M.D.)
| | - Tomas Debnar
- Institute of Electronics and Photonics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Ilkovicova 3, 81219 Bratislava, Slovakia; (T.Z.); (T.D.); (L.C.); (J.K.); (M.M.); (J.N.); (M.D.)
| | - Lubos Cernaj
- Institute of Electronics and Photonics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Ilkovicova 3, 81219 Bratislava, Slovakia; (T.Z.); (T.D.); (L.C.); (J.K.); (M.M.); (J.N.); (M.D.)
| | - Jozef Kozarik
- Institute of Electronics and Photonics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Ilkovicova 3, 81219 Bratislava, Slovakia; (T.Z.); (T.D.); (L.C.); (J.K.); (M.M.); (J.N.); (M.D.)
| | - Michal Micjan
- Institute of Electronics and Photonics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Ilkovicova 3, 81219 Bratislava, Slovakia; (T.Z.); (T.D.); (L.C.); (J.K.); (M.M.); (J.N.); (M.D.)
| | - Juraj Nevrela
- Institute of Electronics and Photonics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Ilkovicova 3, 81219 Bratislava, Slovakia; (T.Z.); (T.D.); (L.C.); (J.K.); (M.M.); (J.N.); (M.D.)
| | - Martin Donoval
- Institute of Electronics and Photonics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Ilkovicova 3, 81219 Bratislava, Slovakia; (T.Z.); (T.D.); (L.C.); (J.K.); (M.M.); (J.N.); (M.D.)
| | - Martin Kopani
- Institute of Medical Physics, Biophysics, Informatics and Telemedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 81272 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Helena Kosnacova
- Department of Simulation and Virtual Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 81272 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
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An emergency system for monitoring pulse oximetry, peak expiratory flow, and body temperature of patients with COVID-19 at home: Development and preliminary application. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247635. [PMID: 33770093 PMCID: PMC7996990 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 is characterized by a rapid change in the patient's condition, with major changes occurring over a few days. We aimed to develop and evaluate an emergency system for monitoring patients with COVID-19, which may be useful in hospitals where more severe patients stay in their homes. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The system consists of the home-based patient unit, which is set up around the patient and the hospital unit, which enables the medical staff to telemonitor the patient's condition and help to send medical recommendations. The home unit allows the data transmission from the patient to the hospital, which is performed using a cell phone application. The hospital unit includes a virtual instrument developed in LabVIEW® environment that can provide a real-time monitoring of the oxygen saturation (SpO2), beats per minute (BPM), body temperature (BT), and peak expiratory flow (PEF). Abnormal events may be fast and automatically identified. After the design details are described, the system is validated by a 30-day home monitoring study in 12 controls and 12 patients with COVID-19 presenting asymptomatic to mild disease. Patients presented reduced SpO2 (p<0.0001) and increased BPM values (p<0.0001). Three patients (25%) presented PEF values between 50 and 80% of the predicted. Three of the 12 monitored patients presented events of desaturation (SpO2<92%). The experimental results were in close agreement with the involved pathophysiology, providing clear evidence that the proposed system can be a useful tool for the remote monitoring of patients with COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS An emergency system for home monitoring of patients with COVID-19 was developed in the current study. The proposed system allowed us to quickly respond to early abnormalities in these patients. This system may contribute to conserving hospital resources for those most in need while simultaneously enabling early recognition of patients under acute deterioration, requiring urgent assessment.
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