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Santoro M, López-Verdejo A, Angulo A, Rojas A, Cortés J, Pacheco-Chaves B, Solano-Barquero A. Integrative taxonomy of Anaporrhutum mundae sp. nov. (Trematoda: Gorgoderidae), a parasite of the Munda round ray Urotrygon munda (Urotrygonidae) in Costa Rica. J Helminthol 2024; 98:e28. [PMID: 38516701 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x2400018x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
A new species of trematode of anaporrhutine gorgoderid, from the gill chambers of the Munda round ray Urotrygon munda in Costa Rica is described, based on an integrative taxonomic approach that includes the use of light and scanning electron microscopy, ITS2 and 28S rDNA sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis. Anaporrhutum mundae sp. nov. can be distinguished from congeneric species by a combination of morphological traits and particularly by having the genital pore opening at the level of the intestinal bifurcation. The new species also can be distinguished from all other species of Anaporrhutum, except A. euzeti Curran, Blend & Overstreet, 2003, by having fewer testicular follicles per testis. Anaporrhutum mundae sp. nov. also differs from A. euzeti in its forebody shape and by having different morphology and location of the vitellaria. The study of the tegumental surface of A. mundae sp. nov., as revealed by scanning electron microscopy, allowed detection of new morphological characters for a member of Anaporrhutinae that may be of taxonomic value. These are: a stylet cavity dorsal to the oral sucker with a large penetration gland opening on each side of the cavity and small penetration gland openings located ventral to the stylet cavity, arranged in a circle around the mouth. This represents the first record of an Anaporrhutum species from Costa Rica. Further, A. mundae sp. nov. represents the first parasite described or reported in this host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Santoro
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale 1, 80121Naples, Italy
| | - Alejandro López-Verdejo
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale 1, 80121Naples, Italy
- Marine Zoology Unit, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980Paterna, Spain
| | - Arturo Angulo
- Escuela de Biología, Museo de Zoología, Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ecología Tropical (CIBET), and Centro de Investigación en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología (CIMAR), Universidad de Costa Rica, 11501-2060 San Pedro de Montes de Oca, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Alicia Rojas
- Center for Research in Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, 11501-2060 San Pedro de Montes de Oca, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Jorge Cortés
- Escuela de Biología, Museo de Zoología, Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ecología Tropical (CIBET), and Centro de Investigación en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología (CIMAR), Universidad de Costa Rica, 11501-2060 San Pedro de Montes de Oca, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Bernald Pacheco-Chaves
- Departamento de Investigación, Instituto Costarricense de Pesca y Acuicultura, Barrio El Cocal, Puntarenas 333-5400, Costa Rica
| | - Alberto Solano-Barquero
- Center for Research in Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, 11501-2060 San Pedro de Montes de Oca, San José, Costa Rica
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Gosho M, Itsukushima S, Collins MH, Dalton IT, Rosen RB, Urabe M. Molecular phylogenetic position and the life cycle of Phyllodistomum cyprini Feng et Wang, 1995 in Japan, with a note of a larval Phyllodistomum sp. from unionid mussels in North America. Parasitol Int 2024; 98:102807. [PMID: 37689239 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2023.102807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
A gorgoderid species, Phyllodistomum cyprini Feng et Wang, 1995 obtained from ureters of common carp, Cyprinus carpio in Japan is described both morphologically and molecularly. Its larval stage is a macrocercous cercaria found in a unionid mussel, Nodularia nipponensis first described by Urabe et al. (2015). A molecular phylogenetic study revealed that P. cyprini is not closely related to rhopalocercous cercariae from unionid mussels both in Europe and North America. This result indicates that there are several distinct clades in Phyllodistomum species that use unionid mussels as a first intermediate host, and suggests that the cercarial morphology may be a more accurate indicator of the phylogeny of Phyllodistomum than molluscan host identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moe Gosho
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Shiga 522-8533, Japan
| | - Shin Itsukushima
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Shiga 522-8533, Japan
| | - Malloy H Collins
- Department of Biology, Berea College, 101 Chestnut St., Berea, KY 40404, USA
| | - Isabel T Dalton
- Department of Biology, Berea College, 101 Chestnut St., Berea, KY 40404, USA
| | - Ronald B Rosen
- Department of Biology, Berea College, 101 Chestnut St., Berea, KY 40404, USA
| | - Misako Urabe
- Department of Ecosystem Studies, Faculty of Environmental Science, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Shiga 522-8533, Japan.
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Choudhary K, Ray S, Agrawal N, Shamsi S. Genetic characterization and phylogenetic relationships of Phyllodistomum parasites in Indian subcontinent: insights from freshwater fish and shrimp hosts. Parasitol Res 2023; 122:2301-2315. [PMID: 37610451 PMCID: PMC10495520 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-07930-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Phyllodistomum is the large digenean group of fish parasites, with 25 species described so far in the Indian subcontinent. Here, we redescribed two adult species of Phyllodistomum (P. srivastava Rai 1964 and P. parorchium Jaiswal 1957) collected from freshwater fish Heteropneustes fossilis Bloch, 1974 and Glossogobius giuris Ham, 1822, respectively, and an unknown Phyllodistomum metacercaria from shrimp (Macrobrachium dayanum Henderson, 1893). These parasites were genetically characterized using 28S and first and second internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2) regions of the nuclear ribosomal DNA and CoxI region of the mitochondrial (mt) DNA to establish the link between metacercaria and adult. Morphologically, both the unknown metacercaria in shrimp and adult Phyllodistomum srivastava in fish, resembled in terms of crenulated margin of hind body, arrangement of diagonal testes, bipartite seminal vesicle, and compact paired vitelline masses. The two adult parasite species, P. srivastava from P. parorchium, were different in terms of shape and size of the body, ratio of suckers, the absence of crenulated margin of hind body, a single chambered seminal vesicle, and deeply lobed paired vitelline masses, in the former species. Comparison of the 28S, ITS, and mtCoxI sequence data suggested P. srivastava and Phyllodistomum metacercaria belong to the same species, and supported the distinction between P. srivastava and P. parorchium. Exploring the potential impact of Phyllodistomum infection on host behaviour and health would be prospective areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti Choudhary
- Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, U.P. 226007 India
| | - Shailendra Ray
- Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, U.P. 226007 India
| | - Nirupama Agrawal
- Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, U.P. 226007 India
| | - Shokoofeh Shamsi
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Gulbali Institute, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, Australia
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Dias KGA, Pérez-Ponce de León G, da Silva RJ, Vieira DHMD, Leite LAR, de Azevedo RK, Abdallah VD. Morphological and molecular data on Phyllodistomum (Digenea: Gorgoderidae) from Brazil, with the description of a new species parasitizing Hoplias malabaricus (Bloch, 1794) (Osteichthyes, Erythrinidae). J Helminthol 2023; 97:e68. [PMID: 37612585 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x23000482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Phyllodistomum pepirense n. sp. is described from the urinary bladder of Hoplias malabaricus (Bloch, 1794), sampled in the Jacaré-Pepira River in São Paulo state, Brazil. The isolates of the new species were recovered as a monophyletic group in the phylogenetic analysis of the 28S rRNA gene, which showed the new species as the sister taxa of Phyllodistomum virmantasi Pinacho-Pinacho, Sereno-Uribe, Hernández-Orts, García-Varela & Pérez-Ponce de León, 2021, a species sampled from an eleotrid fish in Southeastern Mexico. The new species differs morphologically from P. virmantasi by having a larger body size, slightly lobed testes and ovary, a mostly intercaecal uterus, slightly diverticulated caeca, and vitelline masses irregularly shaped. The new species is also readily distinguished from other species of Phyllodistomum Braun, 1899 reported from freshwater fishes in Brazil - namely, P. rhamdiae Amato & Amato, 1993 and P. spatula Odhner, 1902. The new species is herein described based on morphological characteristics, molecular data from D1-D3 domains of the 28S rRNA gene, host association, and geographical distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- K G A Dias
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - G Pérez-Ponce de León
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Mérida, and Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - R J da Silva
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - D H M D Vieira
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L A R Leite
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - V D Abdallah
- Setor de Patologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
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Chelatrematidae n. fam., a new family of digenetic trematodes from the South Western Ghats, India, erected on the basis of morphological and molecular studies. J Helminthol 2022; 96:e47. [PMID: 35833304 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x22000396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
On the basis of the morphological characterization of Chelatrema neilgherriensis Manjula & Janardanan, 2006 recovered from the freshwater fish Barilius gatensis (Valenciennes, 1844) in the Wayanad region of the Western Ghats, the diagnostic features of the genus Chelatrema Gupta & Kumari, 1973 have been modified. Based on the phylogenetic analysis of C. neilgherriensis and comparative morphology studies relative to members of other families of Gorgoderoidea Looss, 1901, this genus is placed in a new family Chelatrematidae n. fam. The studies revealed the molecular and morphological closeness of Chelatrema with Paracreptatrematina limi Amin & Myer, 1982, and the latter is transferred to this new family. Hence the new family Chelatrematidae n. fam. comprises the genera Chelatrema and Paracreptatrematina.
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Corner RD, Booth RJ, Cutmore SC. Plesiochorus irwinorum n. sp. (Trematoda: Gorgoderidae) from the urinary bladder of the hawksbill turtle, Eretmochelys imbricata (Testudines: Cheloniidae), off the east coast of Australia. Syst Parasitol 2022; 99:447-466. [PMID: 35461430 PMCID: PMC9233639 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-022-10038-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPlesiochorus Looss, 1901 is a genus of Gorgoderidae infecting the urinary bladders of marine turtles globally. Currently, just two morphologically similar species are recognised, Plesiochorus cymbiformis (Rudolphi, 1819) Looss, 1901 and Plesiochorus elongatus Pigulevsky, 1953, which have been distinguished by molecular data and subtle morphological differences. Here we describe a new species, Plesiochorus irwinorumn. sp., infecting hawksbill turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata (L.)), which is primarily distinguished from the other two species of Plesiochorus on the basis of ITS2, cox1 and 28S sequence data. Morphometric data for specimens examined during this study overlap between P. cymbiformis and P. irwinorumn. sp. for every measured feature, rendering them functionally cryptic. However, principal components analysis clearly distinguishes the two species. Additionally, we report new specimens of P. cymbiformis, and provide new sequence data for specimens from Australian loggerhead (Caretta caretta (L.)) and hawksbill turtles. There is little understanding of the host-specificity or geographical distribution of the three species of Plesiochorus, and it remains possible that some of the previously reported sequences have been attributed to the wrong species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard D Corner
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia.
| | | | - Scott C Cutmore
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
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Pinacho-Pinacho CD, Sereno-Uribe AL, Hernández-Orts JS, García-Varela M, Pérez-Ponce de León G. Integrative taxonomy reveals an even greater diversity within the speciose genus Phyllodistomum (Platyhelminthes:Trematoda:Gorgoderidae), parasitic in the urinary bladder of Middle American freshwater fishes, with descriptions of five new species. INVERTEBR SYST 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/is21007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Phyllodistomum is one of the most species-rich genera of parasitic platyhelminths, with 120 species described worldwide; they infect the urinary bladder of marine and freshwater fishes. As the number of new species within the genus has increased, morphological conservatism, and the lack of reliable diagnostic traits make the separation of species a challenging task. The increase of genetic data for Phyllodistomum species has permitted the use of an integrative taxonomy approach as a framework for species discovery and delimitation. DNA sequences (28S rRNA and COI mtDNA) were obtained from individuals of Phyllodistomum sampled in 29 locations across Middle America, and used in combination with morphology, host association and geographic distribution to uncover five new congeneric species. Morphologically, the new species are relatively similar; there are no unique morphological traits to readily distinguish them. We first investigated species boundaries through phylogenetic analyses of the independent and concatenated datasets; analyses recognised five candidate species showing reciprocal monophyly and strong clade support, particularly for COI data. The interspecific 28S rRNA and COI sequence divergence among the new species from 0.4 to 18.4% and from 5.1 to 27% respectively. These results were further validated by a Bayesian species delimitation approach. The five new species are well supported by molecular data used in combination with other sources of information such as host association and geographical distribution and are described herein as Phyllodistomum romualdae sp. nov., P. virmantasi sp. nov., P. isabelae sp. nov., P. scotti sp. nov., and P. simonae sp. nov.
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