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Yamamoto H, Arai H, Oikawa R, Umemoto K, Takeda H, Mizukami T, Kubota Y, Doi A, Horie Y, Ogura T, Izawa N, Moore JA, Sokol ES, Sunakawa Y. The Molecular Landscape of Gastric Cancers for Novel Targeted Therapies from Real-World Genomic Profiling. Target Oncol 2024; 19:459-471. [PMID: 38613733 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-024-01052-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panel-based comprehensive genomic profiling is used in clinical practice worldwide; however, large real-world datasets of patients with advanced gastric cancer are not well known. OBJECTIVE We investigated what differences exist in clinically relevant alterations for molecularly defined or age-stratified subgroups. METHODS This was a collaborative biomarker study of a real-world dataset from comprehensive genomic profiling testing (Foundation Medicine, Inc.). Hybrid capture was carried out on at least 324 cancer-related genes and select introns from 31 genes frequently rearranged in cancer. Overall, 4634 patients were available for analyses and were stratified by age (≥ 40/< 40 years), microsatellite instability status, tumor mutational burden status (high 10 ≥ /low < 10 Muts/Mb), Epstein-Barr virus status, and select gene alterations. We analyzed the frequency of alterations with a chi-square test with Yate's correction. RESULTS Genes with frequent alterations included TP53 (60.1%), ARID1A (19.6%), CDKN2A (18.2%), KRAS (16.6%), and CDH1 (15.8%). Differences in comprehensive genomic profiling were observed according to molecularly defined or age-stratified subgroups. Druggable genomic alterations were detected in 31.4% of patients; ATM (4.4%), BRAF V600E (0.4%), BRCA1 (1.5%), BRCA2 (2.9%), ERBB2 amplification (9.2%), IDH1 (0.2%), KRAS G12C (0.7%), microsatellite instability-high (4.8%), NTRK1/2/3 fusion (0.13%), PIK3CA mutation (11.4%), and tumor mutational burden-high (9.4%). CDH1 alterations and MET amplification were significantly more frequent in patients aged < 40 years (27.7 and 6.2%) than in those aged ≥ 40 years (14.7 and 4.0%). CONCLUSIONS Real-world datasets from clinical panel testing revealed the genomic landscape in gastric cancer by subgroup. These findings provide insights for the current therapeutic strategies and future development of treatments in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Yamamoto
- Department of Bioinformatics, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 216-8511, Japan.
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Arai
- Department of Clinical Oncology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Oikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Kumiko Umemoto
- Department of Clinical Oncology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takeda
- Department of Clinical Oncology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Takuro Mizukami
- Department of Clinical Oncology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yohei Kubota
- Department of Clinical Oncology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Ayako Doi
- Department of Clinical Oncology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Horie
- Department of Clinical Oncology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Takashi Ogura
- Department of Clinical Oncology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Naoki Izawa
- Department of Clinical Oncology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Jay A Moore
- Cancer Genomics Research, Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ethan S Sokol
- Cancer Genomics Research, Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yu Sunakawa
- Department of Clinical Oncology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
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Jia X, Li Z, Zhou R, Feng W, Yi L, Zhang H, Chen B, Li Q, Huang S, Zhu X. Single cell and bulk RNA sequencing identifies tumor microenvironment subtypes and chemoresistance-related IGF1 + cancer-associated fibroblast in gastric cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167123. [PMID: 38484940 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tumor microenvironment (TME) significantly influences prognosis and drug resistance in various tumors, yet its heterogeneity and the mechanisms affecting therapeutic response remain unclear in gastric cancer (GC). METHODS The heterogenous TME were explored with single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data of 50 primary GC samples. We then identified four GC TME subtypes with nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) and constructed a pearson nearest-centroid classifier based on subtype-specific upregulated genes. Genomic features and clinical significance of four subtypes were comprehensively evaluated. We reclustered fibroblasts to identify cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) subtype associated with poor clinical outcomes. RT-qPCR and double immunofluorescence staining were applied to validate the findings. Cellchat analysis elucidated potential molecular mechanisms of the CAF subtype in GC disease progression and chemotherapy resistance. FINDINGS The GC TME exhibited high heterogeneity, influencing chemo-sensitivity. Four TME-based subtypes predicting response to immunotherapy and chemotherapy were identified and validated in 1406 GC patients. Among which, ISG1 subtype displayed higher fibroblasts infiltration and heightened oncogenic pathways, and inferior response to chemotherapy with unfavorable prognosis. Microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) GCs within four TME subtypes showed immunological heterogeneity. We then reported an IGF1-overexpressing CAF was associated with chemo-resistance and GC recurrence. Cell communication analysis revealed IGF1+ CAF may induce drug-resistant phenotypes in tumor cells through IGF1-α6β4 integrin ligand-receptor binding and activation of EMT biological process. INTERPRETATION We identified four TME-based subtypes with different clinical outcomes and IGF1+ CAFs contributing to poor clinical outcomes in GC, which might provide guidance for individualized treatment and facilitate the development of novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiya Jia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ziteng Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Runye Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wanjing Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lixia Yi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hena Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shenglin Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Hesham D, On J, Alshahaby N, Amer N, Magdeldin S, Okada M, Tsukamoto Y, Hiraishi T, Imai C, Okuda S, Wakai T, Kakita A, Oishi M, El-Naggar S, Natsumeda M. Multi-omics analyses of choroid plexus carcinoma cell lines reveal potential targetable pathways and alterations. J Neurooncol 2024; 166:27-38. [PMID: 38190092 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-023-04484-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Choroid plexus carcinomas (CPCs) are extremely rare brain tumors and carry a dismal prognosis. Treatment options are limited and there is an urgent need to develop models to further research. In the present study, we established two CPC cell lines and performed multi-omics analyses. These cell lines serve as valuable models to propose new treatments in these rare but deadly brain tumors. METHODS Multi-omic profiling including, (i) methylation array (EPIC 850 K), (ii) whole genome sequencing (WGS), (iii) CANCERPLEX cancer genome panel testing, (iv) RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), and (v) proteomics analyses were performed in CCHE-45 and NGT131 cell lines. RESULTS Both cell lines were classified as methylation class B. Both harbored pathogenic TP53 point mutations; CCHE-45 additionally displayed TP53 loss. Furthermore, alterations of the NOTCH and WNT pathways were also detected in both cell lines. Two protein-coding gene fusions, BZW2-URGCP, and CTTNBP2-ERBB4, mutations of two oncodrivers, GBP-4 and KRTAP-12-2, and several copy number alterations were observed in CCHE-45, but not NGT131. Transcriptome and proteome analysis identified shared and unique signatures, suggesting that variability in choroid plexus carcinoma tumors may exist. The discovered difference's importance and implications highlight the possible diversity of choroid plexus carcinoma and call for additional research to fully understand disease pathogenesis. CONCLUSION Multi-omics analyses revealed that the two choroid plexus carcinoma cell lines shared TP53 mutations and other common pathway alterations and activation of NOTCH and WNT pathways. Noticeable differences were also observed. These cell lines can serve as valuable models to propose new treatments in these rare but deadly brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Hesham
- Tumor Biology Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, 1 Sekket El Emam, El Madbah El Kadeem Yard, Sayeda Zeinab, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Jotaro On
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan
| | - Nouran Alshahaby
- Tumor Biology Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, 1 Sekket El Emam, El Madbah El Kadeem Yard, Sayeda Zeinab, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nada Amer
- Tumor Biology Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, 1 Sekket El Emam, El Madbah El Kadeem Yard, Sayeda Zeinab, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sameh Magdeldin
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Masayasu Okada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Tsukamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hiraishi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan
| | - Chihaya Imai
- Department of Pediatrics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Shujiro Okuda
- Division of Bioinformatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
- Medical AI Center, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Wakai
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Kakita
- Department of Pathology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan
| | - Makoto Oishi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan
| | - Shahenda El-Naggar
- Tumor Biology Research Program, Basic Research Unit, Research Department, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, 1 Sekket El Emam, El Madbah El Kadeem Yard, Sayeda Zeinab, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Manabu Natsumeda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan.
- Advanced Treatment of Neurological Diseases Branch, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
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Kim IH. Emerging Targets for Systemic Treatment of Gastric Cancer: HER2 and Beyond. J Gastric Cancer 2024; 24:29-56. [PMID: 38225765 PMCID: PMC10774754 DOI: 10.5230/jgc.2024.24.e6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, remarkable progress has been made in the molecular profiling of gastric cancer. This progress has led to the development of various molecular classifications to uncover subtype-specific dependencies that can be targeted for therapeutic interventions. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a crucial biomarker for advanced gastric cancer. The recent promising results of novel approaches, including combination therapies or newer potent agents such as antibody-drug conjugates, have once again brought attention to anti-HER2 targeted treatments. In HER2-negative diseases, the combination of cytotoxic chemotherapy and programmed cell death-1/programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) inhibitors has become the established standard of care in first-line settings. In the context of gastric cancer, potential biomarkers such as PD-L1 expression, Epstein-Barr virus, microsatellite instability, and tumor mutational burden are being considered for immunotherapy. Recently, promising results have been reported in studies on anti-Claudin18.2 and fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 treatments. Currently, many ongoing trials are aimed at identifying potential targets using novel approaches. Further investigations will be conducted to enhance the progress of these therapies, addressing challenges such as primary and acquired resistance, tumor heterogeneity, and clonal evolution. We believe that these efforts will improve patient prognoses. Herein, we discuss the current evidence of potential targets for systemic treatment, clinical considerations, and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Ho Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Gastric Cancer Centre, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea,.
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Costache S, de Havilland R, Diaz McLynn S, Sajin M, Baltan A, Wedden S, D’Arrigo C. Implementing an On-Slide Molecular Classification of Gastric Cancer: A Tissue Microarray Study. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:55. [PMID: 38201483 PMCID: PMC10778243 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers and the fourth cause of cancer death worldwide. Personalised treatment improves GC outcomes. A molecular classification is needed to choose the appropriate therapy. A classification that uses on-slide biomarkers and formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue is preferable to comprehensive genomic analysis. In 2016, Setia and colleagues proposed an on-slide classification; however, this is not in widespread use. We propose a modification of this classification that has six subgroups: GC associated with Epstein-Barr virus (GC EBV+), GC with mismatch-repair deficiency (GC dMMR), GC with epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (GC EMT), GC with chromosomal instability (GC CIN), CG that is genomically stable (GC GS) and GC not otherwise specified (GC NOS). This classification also has a provision for biomarkers for current or emerging targeted therapies (Her2, PD-L1 and Claudin18.2). Here, we assess the implementation and feasibility of this inclusive working classification. Materials and Methods: We constructed a tissue microarray library from a cohort of 79 resection cases from FFPE tissue archives. We used a restricted panel of on-slide markers (EBER, MMR, E-cadherin, beta-catenin and p53), defined their interpretation algorithms and assigned each case to a specific molecular subtype. Results: GC EBV(+) cases were 6%, GC dMMR cases were 20%, GC EMT cases were 14%, GC CIN cases were 23%, GC GS cases were 29%, and GC NOS cases were 8%. Conclusions: This working classification uses markers that are widely available in histopathology and are easy to interpret. A diagnostic subgroup is obtained for 92% of the cases. The proportion of cases in each subgroup is in keeping with other published series. Widescale implementation appears feasible. A study using endoscopic biopsies is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Costache
- Pathology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (M.S.); (A.B.)
- Poundbury Cancer Institute, Dorchester DT1 3BJ, UK; (R.d.H.); (S.D.M.); (C.D.)
| | | | - Sofia Diaz McLynn
- Poundbury Cancer Institute, Dorchester DT1 3BJ, UK; (R.d.H.); (S.D.M.); (C.D.)
| | - Maria Sajin
- Pathology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (M.S.); (A.B.)
- Pathology Department, University Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adelina Baltan
- Pathology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (M.S.); (A.B.)
- Poundbury Cancer Institute, Dorchester DT1 3BJ, UK; (R.d.H.); (S.D.M.); (C.D.)
| | - Sarah Wedden
- Cancer Diagnostic Quality Assurance Services (CADQAS), Dorchester DT1 3BJ, UK;
| | - Corrado D’Arrigo
- Poundbury Cancer Institute, Dorchester DT1 3BJ, UK; (R.d.H.); (S.D.M.); (C.D.)
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Hua H, Su T, Han L, Zhang L, Huang Y, Zhang N, Yang M. LINC01226 promotes gastric cancer progression through enhancing cytoplasm-to-nucleus translocation of STIP1 and stabilizing β-catenin protein. Cancer Lett 2023; 577:216436. [PMID: 37806517 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains one of the most common malignances and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Although the critical role of several long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) transcribed from several GC-risk loci has been established, we still know little about the biological significance of these lncRNAs at most gene loci and how they play in cell signaling. In the present study, we identified a novel oncogenic lncRNA LINC01226 transcribed from the 1p35.2 GC-risk locus. LINC01226 shows markedly higher expression levels in GC specimens compared with those in normal tissues. High expression of LINC01226 is evidently correlated with worse prognosis of GC cases. In line with these, oncogenic LINC01226 promotes proliferation, migration and metastasis of GC cells ex vivo and in vivo. Importantly, LINC01226 binds to STIP1 protein, leads to disassembly of the STIP1-HSP90 complex, elevates interactions between HSP90 and β-catenin, stabilizes β-catenin protein, activates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling and, thereby, promote GC progression. Together, our findings uncovered a novel layer regulating the Wnt signaling in cancers and uncovers a new epigenetic mode of GC tumorigenesis. These discoveries also shed new light on the importance of functional lncRNAs as innovative therapeutic targets through precisely controlling protein-protein interactions in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Hua
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250117, China
| | - Tao Su
- Shandong University Cancer Center, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250117, China
| | - Linyu Han
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250117, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250117, China
| | - Yizhou Huang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250117, China
| | - Nasha Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250117, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Ming Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250117, China; Shandong University Cancer Center, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250117, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Jiang S, Wang T, Zhang KH. Data-driven decision-making for precision diagnosis of digestive diseases. Biomed Eng Online 2023; 22:87. [PMID: 37658345 PMCID: PMC10472739 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-023-01148-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern omics technologies can generate massive amounts of biomedical data, providing unprecedented opportunities for individualized precision medicine. However, traditional statistical methods cannot effectively process and utilize such big data. To meet this new challenge, machine learning algorithms have been developed and applied rapidly in recent years, which are capable of reducing dimensionality, extracting features, organizing data and forming automatable data-driven clinical decision systems. Data-driven clinical decision-making have promising applications in precision medicine and has been studied in digestive diseases, including early diagnosis and screening, molecular typing, staging and stratification of digestive malignancies, as well as precise diagnosis of Crohn's disease, auxiliary diagnosis of imaging and endoscopy, differential diagnosis of cystic lesions, etiology discrimination of acute abdominal pain, stratification of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB), and real-time diagnosis of esophageal motility function, showing good application prospects. Herein, we reviewed the recent progress of data-driven clinical decision making in precision diagnosis of digestive diseases and discussed the limitations of data-driven decision making after a brief introduction of methods for data-driven decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang, 330006 China
- Jiangxi Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nanchang, 330006 China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang, 330006 China
- Jiangxi Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nanchang, 330006 China
| | - Kun-He Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang, 330006 China
- Jiangxi Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nanchang, 330006 China
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Cheng Y, Bu D, Zhang Q, Sun R, Lyle S, Zhao G, Dong L, Li H, Zhao Y, Yu J, Hao X. Genomic and transcriptomic profiling indicates the prognosis significance of mutational signature for TMB-high subtype in Chinese patients with gastric cancer. J Adv Res 2023; 51:121-134. [PMID: 36351537 PMCID: PMC10491970 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gastric cancer (GC)is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in China and immunotherapy emerging as a revolutionary treatment for GC recently. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) is a predictive biomarker of immunotherapy in multiple cancers. However, the prognostic significance and subtype of TMB in GC is not fully understood. OBJECTIVES This study aims to evaluate the prognostic value of TMB in Chinese GC and further classify TMB-high GC (GCTMB-H) patients combing with mutational signatures. METHODS Genomic profiling of 435 cancer-gene panel was performed using 206 GC samples from Chinese people. Actionable genetic alterations were compared across all the samples to generate actionable subtyping. The prognostic value of TMB in Chinese GC was evaluated. Mutational signatures were analyzed on TMB-H subtype to stratify the prognosis of TMB. Transcriptomic analysis was applied to compare the distributed immunocytes among different subtypes. RESULTS 88.3% (182/206) of GC samples had at least one mutation, while 45.1% (93/206) had at least one somatic copy number alteration (SCNA). 29.6% (61/206) of GC samples were TMB-H, including 13 MSI-H and 48 MSS tumors. According to distinct genetic alteration profiles of 69 actionable genes, we classified GC samples into eight molecular subtypes, including TMB-H, ERBB2 amplified, ATM mutated, BRCA2 mutated, CDKN2A/B deleted, PI3KCA mutated, KRAS mutated, and less-mutated subtype. TMB-H subtype presented a remarkable immune-activated phenotype as determined by transcriptomic analysis that was further validated in the TCGA GC cohort. GCTMB-H patients exhibited significantly better survival (P = 0.047). But Signature 1-high GCTMB-H patients had relatively worse prognosis (P = 0.0209, HR = 2.571) than Signature 1-low GCTMB-H patients from Chinese GC cohort, also validated in TCGA GC cohort, presenting highly activated carbohydrate, fatty acid or lipid metabolism. CONCLUSION The Signature 1-high GCTMB-H could be a marker of poor prognosis and is associated with metabolism disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Cheng
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Dechao Bu
- Research Center for Ubiquitous Computing Systems, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Advanced Computer Research Center, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaoling Zhang
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Rebecca Sun
- KEW, Inc., 303 Wyman Street, Waltham, MA, USA
| | | | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Dong
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Research Center for Ubiquitous Computing Systems, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Advanced Computer Research Center, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Jinpu Yu
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.
| | - Xishan Hao
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.
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9
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Yang A, Zhang Z, Chaurasiya S, Park AK, Jung A, Lu J, Kim SI, Priceman S, Fong Y, Woo Y. Development of the oncolytic virus, CF33, and its derivatives for peritoneal-directed treatment of gastric cancer peritoneal metastases. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e006280. [PMID: 37019471 PMCID: PMC10083877 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-006280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) that metastasizes to the peritoneum is fatal. CF33 and its genetically modified derivatives show cancer selectivity and oncolytic potency against various solid tumors. CF33-hNIS and CF33-hNIS-antiPDL1 have entered phase I trials for intratumoral and intravenous treatments of unresectable solid tumors (NCT05346484) and triple-negative breast cancer (NCT05081492). Here, we investigated the antitumor activity of CF33-oncolytic viruses (OVs) against GC and CF33-hNIS-antiPDL1 in the intraperitoneal (IP) treatment of GC peritoneal metastases (GCPM). METHODS We infected six human GC cell lines AGS, MKN-45, MKN-74, KATO III, SNU-1, and SNU-16 with CF33, CF33-GFP, or CF33-hNIS-antiPDL1 at various multiplicities of infection (0.01, 0.1, 1.0, and 10.0), and performed viral proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. We used immunofluorescence imaging and flow cytometric analysis to verify virus-encoded gene expression. We evaluated the antitumor activity of CF33-hNIS-antiPDL1 following IP treatment (3×105 pfu × 3 doses) in an SNU-16 human tumor xenograft model using non-invasive bioluminescence imaging. RESULTS CF33-OVs showed dose-dependent infection, replication, and killing of both diffuse and intestinal subtypes of human GC cell lines. Immunofluorescence imaging showed virus-encoded GFP, hNIS, and anti-PD-L1 antibody scFv expression in CF33-OV-infected GC cells. We confirmed GC cell surface PD-L1 blockade by virus-encoded anti-PD-L1 scFv using flow cytometry. In the xenograft model, CF33-hNIS-antiPDL1 (IP; 3×105 pfu × 3 doses) treatment significantly reduced peritoneal tumors (p<0.0001), decreased amount of ascites (62.5% PBS vs 25% CF33-hNIS-antiPDL1) and prolonged animal survival. At day 91, seven out of eight mice were alive in the virus-treated group versus one out of eight in the control group (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our results show that CF33-OVs can deliver functional proteins and demonstrate effective antitumor activity in GCPM models when delivered intraperitoneally. These preclinical results will inform the design of future peritoneal-directed therapy in GCPM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Yang
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Zhifang Zhang
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Shyambabu Chaurasiya
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Anthony K Park
- Cancer Immunotherapeutics Program, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Audrey Jung
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Jianming Lu
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Sang-In Kim
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Saul Priceman
- Cancer Immunotherapeutics Program, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Yuman Fong
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Yanghee Woo
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
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10
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Zuo B, Huang Q, Yu W, Xu J. ISLR interacts with MGAT5 to promote the malignant progression of human gastric cancer AGS cells. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 26:960-965. [PMID: 37427332 PMCID: PMC10329249 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2023.69372.15120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality. The present study aimed to investigate the role of the immunoglobulin superfamily containing leucine-rich repeat (ISLR) gene in gastric cancer and examine whether ISLR could interact with N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (MGAT5) to affect the malignant progression of gastric cancer. Materials and Methods The expression of ISLR and MGAT5 in human normal gastric epithelial cells and human gastric cancer cells, and the transfection efficiency of ISLR interference plasmids and MGAT5 overexpression plasmids were all detected by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blot. The viability, proliferation, migration and invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of gastric cancer cells after indicated transfection were detected by Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining, wound healing assay, and transwell assay. The interaction between ISLR and MGAT5 was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation. The expression of proteins related to migration, invasion, and EMT was detected by immunofluorescence and western blot. Results As a result, ISLR was highly expressed in gastric cancer and was associated with poor prognosis. Interference with ISLR inhibited the viability, proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT of gastric cancer cells. ISLR interacted with MGAT5 in gastric cancer cells. MGAT5 overexpression weakened the effects of ISLR knockdown on suppressing the viability, proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT of gastric cancer cells. Conclusion ISLR interacted with MGAT5 to promote the malignant progression of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zuo
- Department of Gastroenterology Surgery, Yichang Central People’s Hospital, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443000, Hubei, China
| | - Qiao Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology Surgery, Yichang Central People’s Hospital, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443000, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology Surgery, Yichang Central People’s Hospital, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443000, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology Surgery, Yichang Central People’s Hospital, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443000, Hubei, China
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11
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Comprehensive transcriptomic profiling and mutational landscape of primary gastric linitis plastica. Gastric Cancer 2023; 26:203-219. [PMID: 36450891 PMCID: PMC9950178 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-022-01353-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary gastric linitis plastica (GLP) is a distinct phenotype of gastric cancer with poor survival. Comprehensive molecular profiles and putative therapeutic targets of GLP remain undetermined. METHODS We subjected 10 tumor-normal tissue pairs to whole exome sequencing (WES) and whole transcriptome sequencing (WTS). 10 tumor samples were all GLP which involves 100% of the gastric wall macroscopically. TCGA data were compared to generate the top mutated genes and the overexpressed genes in GLP. RESULTS Our results reveal that GLP has distinctive genomic and transcriptomic features, dysfunction in the Hippo pathway is likely to be a key step during GLP development. 6 genes were identified as significantly highly mutated genes in GLP, including AOX1, ANKRD36C, CPXM1, PTPN14, RPAP1, and DCDC1). MUC6, as a previously identified gastric cancer driver gene, has a high mutation rate (20%) in GLP. 20% of patients in our GLP cohort had CDH1 mutations, while none had RHOA mutations. GLP exhibits high immunodeficiency and low AMPK pathway activity. Our WTS results showed that 3 PI3K-AKT pathway-related genes (PIK3R2, AKT3, and IGF1) were significantly up-regulated in GLP. Two genes were identified using immunohistochemistry (IHC), IGF2BP3 and MUC16, which specifically expressed in diffuse-type-related gastric cancer cell lines, and its knockdown inhibits PI3K-AKT pathway activity. CONCLUSIONS We provide the first integrative genomic and transcriptomic profiles of GLP, which may facilitate its diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.
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12
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Kanda M, Terashima M, Kinoshita T, Yabusaki H, Tokunaga M, Kodera Y. A multi-institutional study to evaluate the feasibility of next-generation sequencing and genomic analysis using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded biopsies of gastric cancer. Gastric Cancer 2023; 26:108-115. [PMID: 36369312 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-022-01351-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples acquired and preserved adequately are expected to faithfully maintain tumor characteristics. Endoscopic biopsy tissues represent an attractive resource for identifying predictive biomarkers to evaluate pretreatment responses of patients with advanced gastric cancer (GC). However, whether genomic profiles obtained through next-generation sequencing (NGS) using biopsy samples match well with those gained from surgical FFPE samples remains a concern. METHODS We collected 50 FFPE samples (26 biopsies and 24 surgical samples) from patients with GC who participated in phase III clinical trial JCOG1509. The quality and quantity of FFPE samples were determined for deep sequencing using NGS. We queried a 435-gene panel CANCERPLEX-JP to generate comprehensive genomic profiling data including the tumor mutation burden (TMB). RESULTS The median DNA yields and NGS success rates of biopsy samples compared with surgical samples were 879 ng and 80.8% vs 8523 ng and 100%, respectively. Epstein-Barr virus and microsatellite instability-high were detected in 9.5% of biopsy samples. Comparing the genomic profiles of 18 paired samples for which NGS data were available, we detected identical somatic mutations in paired biopsy and surgical samples (kappa coefficient, 0.8692). TMB positively correlated between paired biopsy and surgical samples (correlation coefficient, 0.6911). CONCLUSIONS NGS is applicable to the analysis of FFPE samples of GC acquired by the endoscopic biopsy, and the data were highly concordant with those obtained from surgical specimens of the same patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuro Kanda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
| | | | - Takahiro Kinoshita
- Department of Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yabusaki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masanori Tokunaga
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kodera
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
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13
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Gastric Cancer Risk and Pathogenesis in BRCA1 and BRCA2 Carriers. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235953. [PMID: 36497436 PMCID: PMC9736932 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Carriers of a pathogenic germline variant (PV) in BRCA1 or BRCA2 are at increased risk for a number of malignancies, including breast, ovarian, pancreatic, and prostate cancer. In this review, we discuss emerging evidence that BRCA2 PV carriers, and likely also BRCA1 PV carriers, are also at increased risk for gastric cancer (GC), highlighting that GC may be part of the BRCA1/2 cancer risk spectrum. While the pathogenesis of GC among BRCA1/2 PV carriers remains unclear, increasing evidence reveals that GCs are often enriched with mutations in homologous recombination-associated genes such as BRCA1/2, and that GC prognosis and response to certain therapies can depend on BRCA1/2 expression. Given the strength of data published to date, a risk management strategy for GC among BRCA1/2 PV carriers is needed, and herein we also propose a potential strategy for GC risk management in this population. Moving forward, further study is clearly warranted to define the mechanistic relationship between BRCA1/2 PVs and development of GC as well as to determine how GC risk management should be factored into the clinical care of BRCA1/2 carriers.
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14
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Saito S, Natsumeda M, Sainouchi M, Takino T, Shibuya K, On J, Kanemaru Y, Ogura R, Okada M, Oishi M, Shimada Y, Wakai T, Okuda S, Ajioka Y, Kakita A, Fujii Y. Elucidating the multiple genetic alterations involved in the malignant transformation of a KRAS mutant neurenteric cyst. A case report. Neuropathology 2022; 42:519-525. [PMID: 36146951 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neurenteric cyst (NC) shows benign histopathology and rarely demonstrate malignant transformation. We herein describe a case of NC that exhibited malignant transformation. A 65-year-old female presented with gait disturbance due to compression by a cystic mass on the dorsal surface of the medulla oblongata. Partial resection was performed twice, leading to improvement of her symptoms. Two years after the second surgery, gadolinium-perfused T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging revealed an invasive lesion with contrast enhancement at the trigone of the left lateral ventricle for which partial resection followed by radiotherapy was performed. However, mass regrowth was observed, with the patient eventually succumbing to her disease 11 months after her third surgery. Histopathological analyses of the first and second surgical specimens identified pseudostratified cuboidal epithelial cells, with no nuclear or cellular atypia resembling gastrointestinal mucosa, lining the inner surface of the cystic wall. Based on these findings the lesion was diagnosed as NC. The third surgical specimen exhibited apparent malignant features of the epithelial cells with elongated and hyperchromatic nuclei, several mitotic figures, small necrotic foci, and a patternless or sheet-like arrangement. Based on these findings, the lesion was diagnosed as NC with malignant transformation. Next-generation sequencing revealed KRAS p.G12D mutation in all specimens. Additionally, the third surgical specimen harbored the following 12 de novo gene alterations: ARID1A loss, BAP1 p.F170L, CDKN1B loss, CDKN2A loss, CDKN2B loss, FLCN loss, PTCH1 loss, PTEN loss, PTPRD loss, SUFU loss, TP53 loss, and TSC1 loss. The aforementioned results suggest that KRAS mutation is associated with the development of the NC, and that the additional gene alterations contribute to malignant transformation of the NC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoji Saito
- Department of Neurosurgery, Niigata University Brain Research Institute, Niigata, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Niigata University Brain Research Institute, Niigata, Japan
| | - Manabu Natsumeda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Niigata University Brain Research Institute, Niigata, Japan
| | - Makoto Sainouchi
- Department of Pathology, Niigata University Brain Research Institute, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toru Takino
- Department of Neurosurgery, Niigata University Brain Research Institute, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kohei Shibuya
- Department of Neurosurgery, Niigata University Brain Research Institute, Niigata, Japan
| | - Jotaro On
- Department of Neurosurgery, Niigata University Brain Research Institute, Niigata, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Niigata University Brain Research Institute, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yu Kanemaru
- Department of Neurosurgery, Niigata University Brain Research Institute, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Ogura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Niigata University Brain Research Institute, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masayasu Okada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Niigata University Brain Research Institute, Niigata, Japan
| | - Makoto Oishi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Niigata University Brain Research Institute, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Shimada
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Wakai
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shujiro Okuda
- Division of Bioinformatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.,Medical AI Center, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yoichi Ajioka
- Molecular and Diagnostic Pathology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Kakita
- Department of Pathology, Niigata University Brain Research Institute, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yukihiko Fujii
- Department of Neurosurgery, Niigata University Brain Research Institute, Niigata, Japan
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15
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Toal TW, Estrada-Florez AP, Polanco-Echeverry GM, Sahasrabudhe RM, Lott PC, Suarez-Olaya JJ, Guevara-Tique AA, Rocha S, Morales-Arana A, Castro-Valencia F, Urayama S, Kirane A, Wei D, Rios-Sarabia N, Medrano R, Mantilla A, Echeverry de Polanco M, Torres J, Bohorquez-Lozano ME, Carvajal-Carmona LG. Multiregional Sequencing Analysis Reveals Extensive Genetic Heterogeneity in Gastric Tumors from Latinos. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 2:1487-1496. [PMID: 36970058 PMCID: PMC10035402 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer mortality and health disparities in Latinos. We evaluated gastric intratumoral heterogeneity using multiregional sequencing of >700 cancer genes in 115 tumor biopsies from 32 patients, 29 who were Latinos. Analyses focused on comparisons with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and on mutation clonality, druggability, and signatures. We found that only approximately 30% of all mutations were clonal and that only 61% of the known TCGA gastric cancer drivers harbored clonal mutations. Multiple clonal mutations were found in new candidate gastric cancer drivers such as EYS, FAT4, PCDHA1, RAD50, EXO1, RECQL4, and FSIP2. The genomically stable (GS) molecular subtype, which has the worse prognosis, was identified in 48% of our Latino patients, a fraction that was >2.3-fold higher than in TCGA Asian and White patients. Only a third of all tumors harbored clonal pathogenic mutations in druggable genes, with most (93%) GS tumors lacking actionable clonal mutations. Mutation signature analyses revealed that, in microsatellite-stable (MSS) tumors, DNA repair mutations were common for both tumor initiation and progression, while tobacco, POLE, and inflammation signatures likely initiate carcinogenesis. MSS tumor progression was likely driven by aging- and aflatoxin-associated mutations, as these latter changes were usually nonclonal. In microsatellite-unstable tumors, nonclonal tobacco-associated mutations were common. Our study, therefore, contributed to advancing gastric cancer molecular diagnostics and suggests clonal status is important to understanding gastric tumorigenesis. Our findings of a higher frequency of a poor prognosis associated molecular subtype in Latinos and a possible new aflatoxin gastric cancer etiology also advance cancer disparities research. SIGNIFICANCE Our study contributes to advancing our knowledge of gastric carcinogenesis, diagnostics, and cancer health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ted W. Toal
- Genome Center, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Ana P. Estrada-Florez
- Genome Center, University of California, Davis, California
- Grupo de Citogenética, Filogenia y Evolución de las Poblaciones, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué, Colombia
| | | | | | - Paul C. Lott
- Genome Center, University of California, Davis, California
| | - John J. Suarez-Olaya
- Grupo de Citogenética, Filogenia y Evolución de las Poblaciones, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué, Colombia
| | - Alix A. Guevara-Tique
- Grupo de Citogenética, Filogenia y Evolución de las Poblaciones, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué, Colombia
| | - Sienna Rocha
- Genome Center, University of California, Davis, California
| | | | - Fabian Castro-Valencia
- Grupo de Citogenética, Filogenia y Evolución de las Poblaciones, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué, Colombia
| | - Shiro Urayama
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, California
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Amanda Kirane
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, California
| | - Dongguang Wei
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Nora Rios-Sarabia
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad en Pediatría, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México City, México
| | - Rafael Medrano
- Departamento de Sarcomas y Tubo Digestivo Alto, Unidad Medica de Alta Especialidad en Oncología Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), México City, México
| | - Alejandra Mantilla
- Departamento de Patología, Unidad Medica de Alta Especialidad en Oncología, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), México City, México
| | | | - Javier Torres
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad en Pediatría, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México City, México
| | - Mabel E. Bohorquez-Lozano
- Grupo de Citogenética, Filogenia y Evolución de las Poblaciones, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué, Colombia
| | - Luis G. Carvajal-Carmona
- Genome Center, University of California, Davis, California
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, California
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
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16
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Danaeifar M. Recent advances in gene therapy: genetic bullets to the root of the problem. Clin Exp Med 2022:10.1007/s10238-022-00925-x. [PMID: 36284069 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00925-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Genetics and molecular genetic techniques have changed many perspectives and paradigms in medicine. Using genetic methods, many diseases have been cured or alleviated. Gene therapy, in its simplest definition, is application of genetic materials and related techniques to treat various human diseases. Evaluation of the trends in the field of medicine and therapeutics clarifies that gene therapy has attracted a lot of attention due to its powerful potential to treat a number of diseases. There are various genetic materials that can be used in gene therapy such as DNA, single- and double-stranded RNA, siRNA and shRNA. The main gene editing techniques used for in vitro and in vivo gene modification are ZNF, TALEN and CRISPR-Cas9. The latter has increased hopes for more precise and efficient gene targeting as it requires two separate recognition sites which makes it more specific and can also cause rapid and sufficient cleavage within the target sequence. There must be carriers for delivering genes to the target tissue. The most commonly used carriers for this purpose are viral vectors such as adenoviruses, adeno-associated viruses and lentiviruses. Non-viral vectors consist of bacterial vectors, liposomes, dendrimers and nanoparticles.
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17
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Lam RCT, Johnson D, Lam G, Li MLY, Wong JWL, Lam WKJ, Chan KCA, Ma B. Clinical applications of circulating tumor-derived DNA in the management of gastrointestinal cancers – current evidence and future directions. Front Oncol 2022; 12:970242. [PMID: 36248993 PMCID: PMC9556664 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.970242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies have enabled the accurate detection and quantification of circulating tumor-derived (ct)DNA in most gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. The prognostic and predictive utility of ctDNA in patiets with different stages of colorectal (CRC), gastro-esophageal (GEC) and pancreaticobiliary cancers (PBC) are currently under active investigation. The most mature clinical data to date are derived from studies in the prognostic utility of personalized ctDNA-based NGS assays in the detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) and early recurrence after surgery in CRC and other GI cancers. These findings are being validated in several prospective studies which are designed to test if ctDNA could outperform conventional approaches in guiding adjuvant chemotherapy, and in post-operative surveillance in some GI cancers. Several adaptive studies using ctDNA as a screening platform are also being used to identify patients with actionable genomic alterations for clinical trials of targeted therapies. In the palliative setting, ctDNA monitoring during treatment has shown promise in the detection and tracking of clonal variants associated with acquired resistance to targeted therapies and immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). Moreover, ctDNA may help to guide the therapeutic re-challenge of targeted therapies in patients who have prior exposure to such treatment. This review will examine the most updated research findings on ctDNA as a biomarker in CRC, GEC and PBCs. It aims to provide insights into how the unique strengths of this biomarker could be optimally leveraged in improving the management of these GI cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel C. T. Lam
- Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - David Johnson
- Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir Y. K Pao Centre for Cancer, Hong Kong Cancer Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Gigi Lam
- Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Michelle L. Y. Li
- Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Joyce W. L. Wong
- Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - W. K. Jacky Lam
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - K. C. Allen Chan
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Brigette Ma
- Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir Y. K Pao Centre for Cancer, Hong Kong Cancer Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Brigette Ma,
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18
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Wang J, Du L, Chen X. Adenosine signaling: Optimal target for gastric cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1027838. [PMID: 36189223 PMCID: PMC9523428 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1027838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancy and leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Due to asymptomatic or only nonspecific early symptoms, GC patients are usually in the advanced stage at first diagnosis and miss the best opportunity of treatment. Immunotherapies, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), have dramatically changed the landscape of available treatment options for advanced-stage cancer patients. However, with regards to existing ICIs, the clinical benefit of monotherapy for advanced gastric cancer (AGC) is quite limited. Therefore, it is urgent to explore an optimal target for the treatment of GC. In this review, we summarize the expression profiles and prognostic value of 20 common immune checkpoint-related genes in GC from Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database, and then find that the adenosinergic pathway plays an indispensable role in the occurrence and development of GC. Moreover, we discuss the pathophysiological function of adenosinergic pathway in cancers. The accumulation of extracellular adenosine inhibits the normal function of immune effector cells and facilitate the effect of immunosuppressive cells to foster GC cells proliferation and migration. Finally, we provide insights into potential clinical application of adenosinergic-targeting therapies for GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqing Wang
- School of the 1St Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Linyong Du
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangjian Chen, ; Linyong Du,
| | - Xiangjian Chen
- School of the 1St Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangjian Chen, ; Linyong Du,
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19
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Ghojazadeh M, Somi MH, Naseri A, Salehi-Pourmehr H, Hassannezhad S, Hajikamanaj Olia A, Kafshdouz L, Nikniaz Z. Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of TP53, HER2/ERBB2, KRAS, APC, and PIK3CA Genes Expression Pattern in Gastric Cancer. Middle East J Dig Dis 2022; 14:335-345. [PMID: 36619267 PMCID: PMC9489438 DOI: 10.34172/mejdd.2022.292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: With a global prevalence of about 10%, gastric cancer is among the most prevalent cancers. Currently, there has been an ongoing trend toward investigating genetic disruptions in different cancers because they can be used as a target-specific therapy. We aimed to systemically review some gene expression patterns in gastric cancer. Methods: The current systematic review was designed and executed in 2020. Scopus, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, web of knowledge, and Science Direct were searched for relevant studies. A manual search of articles (hand searching), reference exploring, checking for grey literature, and seeking expert opinion were also done. Results: In this review, 65 studies were included, and the expression pattern of HER2/ ERBB2, ER1/Erb1/EGFR, PIK3CA, APC, KRAS, ARID1A, TP53, FGFR2 and MET was investigated. TP53, APC, KRAS, and PIK3CA mutation cumulative frequency were 24.8 (I2=95.05, Q value=525.53, df=26, P<0.001), 7.2 (I2=89.79, Q value=48.99, df=5, P<0.001), 7.8 (I2=93.60, Q value=140.71, df=9, P=0.001) and 8.6 (I2=80.78, Q value=525.53, df=9, P<0.001) percent, respectively. Overexpression was investigated for HER1/ Erb1/EGFR, PIK3CA, APC, KRAS, ARID1A, TP53, CCND1, FGFR2, MET and MYC. The frequency of TP53 and HER2/ERBB2 were 43.1 (I2=84.06, Q value=58.09, df=9, P<0.001) and 20.8 (I2=93.61, Q value=234.89, df=15, P<0.001) percent, respectively. Conclusion: More research is encouraged to investigate the genes for which we could not perform a meta-analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Ghojazadeh
- Research Center for Evidence-based Medicine, Iranian EBM Centre: A Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Center of Excellence, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Somi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amirreza Naseri
- Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hanieh Salehi-Pourmehr
- Research Center for Evidence-based Medicine, Iranian EBM Centre: A Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Center of Excellence, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sina Hassannezhad
- Research Center for Evidence-based Medicine, Iranian EBM Centre: A Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Center of Excellence, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Arash Hajikamanaj Olia
- Research Center for Evidence-based Medicine, Iranian EBM Centre: A Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Center of Excellence, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Kafshdouz
- Genetic Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Nikniaz
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran,Corresponding Author: Zeinab Nikniaz, PhD Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Tel:+98 4133367473 Fax:+984133367473
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20
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Medicina de precisión en cáncer colorrectal y gastroesofágico avanzado. REVISTA MÉDICA CLÍNICA LAS CONDES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmclc.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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21
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Furukawa K, Hatakeyama K, Terashima M, Nagashima T, Urakami K, Ohshima K, Notsu A, Sugino T, Yagi T, Fujiya K, Kamiya S, Hikage M, Tanizawa Y, Bando E, Kanai Y, Akiyama Y, Yamaguchi K. Molecular classification of gastric cancer predicts survival in patients undergoing radical gastrectomy based on project HOPE. Gastric Cancer 2022; 25:138-148. [PMID: 34476642 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-021-01242-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) has been classified based on molecular profiling like The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Asian Cancer Research Group (ACRG), and attempts have been made to establish therapeutic strategies based on these classifications. However, it is difficult to predict the survival according to these classifications especially in radically resected patients. We aimed to establish a new molecular classification of GC which predicts the survival in patients undergoing radical gastrectomy. METHODS The present study included 499 Japanese patients with advanced GC undergoing radical (R0/R1) gastrectomy. Whole-exome sequencing, panel sequencing, and gene expression profiling were conducted (High-tech Omics-based Patient Evaluation [Project HOPE]). We classified patients according to TCGA and ACRG subtypes, and evaluated the clinicopathologic features and survival. Then, we attempted to classify patients according to their molecular profiles associated with biological features and survival (HOPE classification). RESULTS TCGA and ACRG classifications failed to predict the survival. In HOPE classification, hypermutated (HMT) tumors were selected first as a distinctive feature, and T-cell-inflamed expression signature-high (TCI) tumors were then extracted. Finally, the remaining tumors were divided by the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) expression signature. HOPE classification significantly predicted the disease-specific and overall survival (p < 0.001 and 0.020, respectively). HMT + TCI showed the best survival, while EMT-high showed the worst survival. The HOPE classification was successfully validated in the TCGA cohort. CONCLUSIONS We established a new molecular classification of gastric cancer that predicts the survival in patients undergoing radical surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichiro Furukawa
- Division of Gastric Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Keiichi Hatakeyama
- Medical Genetics Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Masanori Terashima
- Division of Gastric Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Nagashima
- Cancer Diagnostics Research Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan.,SRL Inc., Shinjuku Mitsui Building, 2-1-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 163-0403, Japan
| | - Kenichi Urakami
- Cancer Diagnostics Research Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Keiichi Ohshima
- Medical Genetics Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Akifumi Notsu
- Clinical Research Center, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, 1007 Shimonagakubo,Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Takashi Sugino
- Division of Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Taisuke Yagi
- Division of Gastric Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Keiichi Fujiya
- Division of Gastric Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kamiya
- Division of Gastric Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Makoto Hikage
- Division of Gastric Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Yutaka Tanizawa
- Division of Gastric Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Etsuro Bando
- Division of Gastric Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Yae Kanai
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yasuto Akiyama
- Immunotheraphy Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Ken Yamaguchi
- Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
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22
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Jian D, Qian C, Wang D, Ma Q, Wang L, Li C, Xu M, Dai N, Chen Q, He J, Zhang H, Yuan M, Chen R, Chao R, Feng Y. Conversion therapy with tislelizumab for high microsatellite instability, unresectable stage III gastric cancer: a case report. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1489. [PMID: 34734041 PMCID: PMC8506721 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-4295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth-highest ranked cancer for incidence and second for mortality from cancer worldwide. Conversion therapy has recently emerged as an alternative therapy for advanced/metastatic GC patients who are unable to undergo surgical resection at the time of diagnosis. Herein, we present the case of a patient with unresectable stage III GC of high microsatellite instability (MSI), high tumor mutation burden (TMB), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positive. The patient received conversion therapy involving a combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy regimens. After 3 courses of chemotherapy combined with tislelizumab, the patient underwent laparoscopic radical total gastrectomy. The pathological examination demonstrated that there was no cancerous tissue at the proximal or distal end of the tumor and no lymph node metastases in the lesser or greater curvature, indicating a pathologic complete response. Thereafter, the patient continued tislelizumab treatment to prevent postoperative carcinoma recurrence and metastasis, and to improve prognosis. In conclusion, our study confirmed that chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy is a promising conversion therapy for GC patients with locally unresectable lesions or distant lymph node metastasis, and these findings warrant large-scale clinical studies. This report highlights the clinical importance of next-generation sequencing technology in investigating therapeutic strategy to provide the maximal clinical benefit for patients with GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Jian
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chengyuan Qian
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Department of Pathology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Gastric & Colorectal Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunxue Li
- Department of Gastric & Colorectal Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingfang Xu
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Nan Dai
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Juan He
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | | | | | | | - Rui Chao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Feng
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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23
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Yuza K, Nagahashi M, Ichikawa H, Hanyu T, Nakajima M, Shimada Y, Ishikawa T, Sakata J, Takeuchi S, Okuda S, Matsuda Y, Abe M, Sakimura K, Takabe K, Wakai T. Activin a Receptor Type 2A Mutation Affects the Tumor Biology of Microsatellite Instability-High Gastric Cancer. J Gastrointest Surg 2021; 25:2231-2241. [PMID: 33420656 PMCID: PMC8728635 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-020-04889-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activin A receptor type 2A (ACVR2A) is one of the most frequently mutated genes in microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) gastric cancer. However, the clinical relevance of the ACVR2A mutation in MSI-H gastric cancer patients remains unclear. The aims of this study were to explore the effect of ACVR2A mutation on the tumor behavior and to identify the clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer patients with ACVR2A mutations. METHODS An in vitro study was performed to investigate the biological role of ACVR2A via CRISPR/Cas9-mediated ACVR2A knockout MKN74 human gastric cancer cells. One hundred twenty-four patients with gastric cancer were retrospectively analyzed, and relations between MSI status, ACVR2A mutations, and clinicopathological factors were evaluated. RESULTS ACVR2A knockout cells showed less aggressive tumor biology than mock-transfected cells, displaying reduced proliferation, migration, and invasion (P < 0.05). MSI mutations were found in 10% (13/124) of gastric cancer patients, and ACVR2A mutations were found in 8.1% (10/124) of patients. All ACVR2A mutations were accompanied by MSI. The 5-year overall survival rates of ACVR2A wild-type patients and ACVR2A-mutated patients were 57% and 90%, respectively (P = 0.048). Multivariate analysis revealed that older age (P = 0.015), distant metastasis (P < 0.001), and ACVR2A wild-type status (P = 0.040) were independent prognostic factors for overall survival. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that gastric cancer patients with ACVR2A mutation have a significantly better prognosis than those without. Dysfunction of ACVR2A in MKN74 human gastric cancer cells caused less aggressive tumor biology, indicating the importance of ACVR2A in the progression of MSI-H tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kizuki Yuza
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Masayuki Nagahashi
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ichikawa
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Takaaki Hanyu
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Masato Nakajima
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Shimada
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Takashi Ishikawa
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Jun Sakata
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Shiho Takeuchi
- Division of Cancer Genome Informatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 951-8510, Japan,Division of Bioinformatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Shujiro Okuda
- Division of Bioinformatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yasunobu Matsuda
- Department of Medical Technology, Niigata University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 2-746 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata City, Niigata 951-8518, Japan
| | - Manabu Abe
- Department of Animal Model Development, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
| | - Kenji Sakimura
- Department of Animal Model Development, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Takabe
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 951-8510, Japan,Breast Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA,Department of Surgery, University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Toshifumi Wakai
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
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24
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Shimada Y, Okuda S, Watanabe Y, Tajima Y, Nagahashi M, Ichikawa H, Nakano M, Sakata J, Takii Y, Kawasaki T, Homma KI, Kamori T, Oki E, Ling Y, Takeuchi S, Wakai T. Histopathological characteristics and artificial intelligence for predicting tumor mutational burden-high colorectal cancer. J Gastroenterol 2021; 56:547-559. [PMID: 33909150 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-021-01789-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor mutational burden-high (TMB-H), which is detected with gene panel testing, is a promising biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, in clinical practice, not every patient is tested for TMB-H using gene panel testing. We aimed to identify the histopathological characteristics of TMB-H CRC for efficient selection of patients who should undergo gene panel testing. Moreover, we attempted to develop a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based algorithm to predict TMB-H CRC directly from hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) slides. METHODS We used two CRC cohorts tested for TMB-H, and whole-slide H&E digital images were obtained from the cohorts. The Japanese CRC (JP-CRC) cohort (N = 201) was evaluated to detect the histopathological characteristics of TMB-H using H&E slides. The JP-CRC cohort and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) CRC cohort (N = 77) were used to develop a CNN-based TMB-H prediction model from the H&E digital images. RESULTS Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were significantly associated with TMB-H CRC (P < 0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) for predicting TMB-H CRC was 0.910. We developed a CNN-based TMB-H prediction model. Validation tests were conducted 10 times using randomly selected slides, and the average AUC for predicting TMB-H slides was 0.934. CONCLUSIONS TILs, a histopathological characteristic detected with H&E slides, are associated with TMB-H CRC. Our CNN-based model has the potential to predict TMB-H CRC directly from H&E slides, thereby reducing the burden on pathologists. These approaches will provide clinicians with important information about the applications of ICIs at low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Shimada
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.,Medical Genome Center, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shujiro Okuda
- Division of Bioinformatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan. .,Medical Genome Center, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan.
| | - Yu Watanabe
- Division of Bioinformatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.,Division of Cancer Genome Informatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yosuke Tajima
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Masayuki Nagahashi
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ichikawa
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Masato Nakano
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Jun Sakata
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Takii
- Department of Surgery, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takashi Kawasaki
- Department of Pathology, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kei-Ichi Homma
- Department of Pathology, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kamori
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Eiji Oki
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yiwei Ling
- Division of Bioinformatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Shiho Takeuchi
- Division of Bioinformatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.,Division of Cancer Genome Informatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Wakai
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan. .,Medical Genome Center, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan.
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25
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Nishimura S, Yashiro M, Sera T, Yamamoto Y, Kushitani Y, Sugimoto A, Kushiyama S, Togano S, Kuroda K, Okuno T, Murakami Y, Ohira M. Serine threonine kinase 11/liver kinase B1 mutation in sporadic scirrhous-type gastric cancer cells. Carcinogenesis 2021; 41:1616-1623. [PMID: 32236518 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgaa031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Scirrhous-type gastric carcinoma (SGC), which is characterized by the rapid proliferation of cancer cells accompanied by extensive fibrosis, shows extremely poor survival. A reason for the poor prognosis of SGC is that the driver gene responsible for SGC has not been identified. To identify the characteristic driver gene of SGC, we examined the genomic landscape of six human SGC cell lines of OCUM-1, OCUM-2M, OCUM-8, OCUM-9, OCUM-12 and OCUM-14, using multiplex gene panel testing by next-generation sequencing. In this study, the non-synonymous mutations of serine threonine kinase 11/liver kinase B1 (STK11/LKB1) gene were detected in OCUM-12, OCUM-2M and OCUM-14 among the six SGC cell lines. Capillary sequencing analysis confirmed the non-sense or missense mutation of STK11/LKB1 in the three cell lines. Western blot analysis showed that LKB1 expression was decreased in OCUM-12 cells and OCUM-14 cells harboring STK11/LKB1 mutation. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor significantly inhibited the proliferation of OCUM-12 and OCUM-14 cells. The correlations between STK11/LKB1 expression and clinicopathologic features of gastric cancer were examined using 708 primary gastric carcinomas by immunochemical study. The low STK11/LKB1 expression group was significantly associated with SGC, high invasion depth and frequent nodal involvement, in compared with the high STK11/LKB1 expression group. Collectively, our study demonstrated that STK11/LKB1 mutation might be responsible for the progression of SGC, and suggested that mTOR signaling by STK11/LKB1 mutation might be one of therapeutic targets for patients with SGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaaki Nishimura
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Sera
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yurie Yamamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukako Kushitani
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sugimoto
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shuhei Kushiyama
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shingo Togano
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenji Kuroda
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Okuno
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Murakami
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaichi Ohira
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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26
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Bermúdez A, Arranz-Salas I, Mercado S, López-Villodres JA, González V, Ríus F, Ortega MV, Alba C, Hierro I, Bermúdez D. Her2-Positive and Microsatellite Instability Status in Gastric Cancer-Clinicopathological Implications. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:944. [PMID: 34070574 PMCID: PMC8228707 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11060944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. The combination of new molecular classifications with clinicopathological data could contribute to the individualization of patients and to the development of new therapeutic strategies. We examined the various associations in two molecular types of GC: HER2-positive (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) and microsatellite instability (MSI), assessing their influence on treatment and prognosis. A retrospective study of 142 GC patients was performed with molecular characterization through HER2 overexpression and DNA repair protein expression for MSI. The percentage of HER2-positive tumors was 13.4%, predominantly in men. Correlations were found with intestinal type, metastases, advanced stages and chemotherapy. Almost 75% of HER2-positive patients died. MSI occurred in 16.2%, associated with advanced age, female sex, distal location and intestinal type. These patients had few metastases and low stages. The percentage of deaths was higher among MSI patients who received perioperative chemotherapy. The determination of HER2 and MSI status in GC is important for their association with specific clinicopathological features and for their prognostic and predictive value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Bermúdez
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nuestra Señora de Valme University Hospital, 41014 Seville, Spain;
| | - Isabel Arranz-Salas
- Department of Human Physiology, Human Histology, Anatomical Pathology and Physical Education, University of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain; (I.A.-S.); (S.M.); (J.A.L.-V.); (M.V.O.); (C.A.)
- Unit of Anatomical Pathology, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, 29010 Malaga, Spain;
| | - Silvia Mercado
- Department of Human Physiology, Human Histology, Anatomical Pathology and Physical Education, University of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain; (I.A.-S.); (S.M.); (J.A.L.-V.); (M.V.O.); (C.A.)
| | - Juan A. López-Villodres
- Department of Human Physiology, Human Histology, Anatomical Pathology and Physical Education, University of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain; (I.A.-S.); (S.M.); (J.A.L.-V.); (M.V.O.); (C.A.)
| | - Virginia González
- Unit of Anatomical Pathology; Montilla Hospital, 14550 Montilla, Spain;
| | - Francisca Ríus
- Department of Public Health and Psychiatry, University of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain;
| | - María V. Ortega
- Department of Human Physiology, Human Histology, Anatomical Pathology and Physical Education, University of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain; (I.A.-S.); (S.M.); (J.A.L.-V.); (M.V.O.); (C.A.)
- Unit of Anatomical Pathology, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, 29010 Malaga, Spain;
| | - Carmen Alba
- Department of Human Physiology, Human Histology, Anatomical Pathology and Physical Education, University of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain; (I.A.-S.); (S.M.); (J.A.L.-V.); (M.V.O.); (C.A.)
| | - Isabel Hierro
- Unit of Anatomical Pathology, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, 29010 Malaga, Spain;
| | - Diego Bermúdez
- Department of Human Physiology, Human Histology, Anatomical Pathology and Physical Education, University of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain; (I.A.-S.); (S.M.); (J.A.L.-V.); (M.V.O.); (C.A.)
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27
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Zhao X, Ye N, Feng X, Ju H, Liu R, Lu W. MicroRNA-29b-3p Inhibits the Migration and Invasion of Gastric Cancer Cells by Regulating the Autophagy-Associated Protein MAZ. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:3239-3249. [PMID: 34040389 PMCID: PMC8140921 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s274215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between microRNA-29b-3p (miR-29b-3p) and myc-associated zinc finger protein (MAZ) expression and the effects of this interaction on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells. Methods qPCR and Western blots were used to detect the expression of miR-29b-3p and MAZ. The dual luciferase reporter gene system was used to explore whether MAZ is the target of miR-29b-3p. Cell function experiments and a mouse tumorigenesis model were used to determine the effects of miR-29b-3p overexpression and MAZ depletion on proliferation, migration, and invasion in gastric cancer cell lines and on tumor growth. Results The expression level of miR-29b-3p was low and the expression level of MAZ was high in gastric cancer cells compared with normal human gastric mucosal epithelial cells. MAZ was the target gene of miR-29b-3p. The upregulation of miR-29b-3p reduces the expression of MAZ. Overexpression of miR-29b-3p and downregulation of MAZ inhibited the proliferation and migration of cancer cells and induced apoptosis by controlling the expression of autophagy-related proteins. MiR-29b-3p mimics inhibit tumor growth in mice. Conclusion MiR-29b-3p inhibits the migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells by regulating the autophagy-related protein MAZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, the People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Ye
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, the People's Republic of China
| | - Xueke Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, the People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Ju
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, the People's Republic of China
| | - Ruixia Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, the People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyu Lu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, the People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of System Bioengineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, the People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, the People's Republic of China
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28
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Liu Q, Yang Y, Fan X, Xin X, Pan Q, Zhang Y, Liu B, Wei J. Heterogeneity response to afatinib in gastric cancer patient with uncommon epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations: a case report. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:814. [PMID: 34268427 PMCID: PMC8246221 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-7312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite concerted efforts that have been made to characterize and understand the genomic landscape of gastric cancer (GC), only HER2 has been validated as a molecular target for GC treatment. Identifying new valid therapeutic targets is important for the treatment of this disease. The present report describes a Chinese male with a history of smoking two packs per day, who did not have a family history of cancer or other hereditary diseases, we discovered a small painless lump in the right groin in February 2018. Histopathology revealed a primary gastric adenocarcinoma. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) showed multiple hypermetabolic nodules in the right upper lung, greater curvature of the stomach, and muscles. The patient had received treatment included oxaliplatin, docetaxel, and tegafur for two cycles, and second-line therapy of irinotecan and capecitabine, inguinal mass excision followed by concurrent radio-chemotherapy. However, the disease rapidly progressed. Whole exome sequencing (WES) showed uncommon epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation of G719S + L861Q. The following EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) afatinib demonstrated partial response. Two months after targeted therapy, gastroscopy indicated rapid progression. With subsequent gastric specimen WES analysis, secondary MET amplification was found. The patient received local radiotherapy for gastric lesions as well as oral administration of apatinib. However, the disease rapidly progressed. A month later, he died of hepatic encephalopathy caused by obstructive jaundice combined with pulmonary and biliary tract infection. The present study indicated that afatinib might be a beneficial therapeutic option for a subset of GC patients with rare EGFR mutation in their tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Liu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangshan Fan
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xin
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | | | | | - Baorui Liu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Wei
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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29
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Fujiya K, Terashima M, Ohshima K, Aizawa D, Sugino T, Serizawa M, Nakamura K, Nagashima T, Hatakeyama K, Urakami K, Akiyama Y, Tsubosa Y, Kitagawa Y, Yamaguchi K. MAGEA10 expression is a predictive marker of early hepatic recurrence after curative gastrectomy for gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer. Gastric Cancer 2021; 24:341-351. [PMID: 32965606 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-020-01123-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resection for hepatic recurrence after gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer may be curative; however, the prediction of hepatic recurrence remains intractable. Therefore, we aimed to explore predictive markers for hepatic recurrence in gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer based on genetic information. METHODS This study recruited 154 patients who underwent curative gastrectomy for pathological stage II or III primary gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma. Genes associated with hepatic recurrence were comprehensively analyzed using whole-exome sequencing and gene expression profiling (GEP), followed by immunohistochemistry analysis for MAGEA10. The cumulative incidences of hepatic recurrence, relapse-free survival, and overall survival were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 12 patients with early hepatic recurrences were found within 2 years of surgery. Although there were no distinct gene mutations in recurrent patients, upregulation of MAGEA10 was identified in patients with early hepatic recurrence using GEP analysis. Immunostaining for MAGEA10 stained the cell nuclei in 29 (18.8%) of 154 samples. Furthermore, protein expression of MAGEA10 on immunohistochemistry was significantly related to a high MAGEA10 mRNA expression, high cumulative incidences of hepatic recurrence, and poor relapse-free survival. Overall survival did not differ significantly between positive and negative immunohistochemical staining for MAGEA10. The sensitivity and specificity of MAGEA10 staining for early hepatic recurrence were 58.3% and 84.5%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS MAGEA10 represents a promising predictive marker for early hepatic recurrence after curative gastrectomy for gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Fujiya
- Division of Gastric Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Terashima
- Division of Gastric Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan.
| | - Keiichi Ohshima
- Medical Genetics Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Aizawa
- Division of Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Sugino
- Division of Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Masakuni Serizawa
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kenichi Nakamura
- Division of Gastric Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nagashima
- Cancer Diagnostics Research Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka, Japan
- SRL, Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Hatakeyama
- Medical Genetics Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kenichi Urakami
- Cancer Diagnostics Research Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuto Akiyama
- Immunotherapy Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tsubosa
- Division of Esophageal Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yuko Kitagawa
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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30
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Tanaka K, Maekawa S, Yoshida T, Yamaguchi T, Takano S, Matsuda S, Hayakawa H, Ishida Y, Muraoka M, Kawakami S, Fukasawa Y, Kuno T, Iwamoto F, Tsukui Y, Kobayashi S, Asakawa Y, Shindo H, Fukasawa M, Nakayama Y, Inoue T, Uetake T, Ohtaka M, Sato T, Mochizuki K, Enomoto N. Role of magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging in the diagnosis of noninvasive gastric neoplasia. JGH OPEN 2021; 5:446-453. [PMID: 33860094 PMCID: PMC8035442 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background and Aim There are no globally approved, distinguishing criteria enabling the classification of gastric adenomas and intramucosal carcinomas for differential diagnosis of noninvasive neoplasia (NIN). Methods Next‐generation sequencing of 50 cancer‐related genes was undertaken on 68 pathologically diagnosed microdissected gastric neoplasms (25 adenomas, 27 intramucosal carcinomas, and 16 submucosal carcinomas) obtained during endoscopic submucosal dissection. Findings from magnifying endoscopy with narrow‐band imaging (M‐NBI) of 52 NINs (the 25 adenomas and 27 intramucosal carcinomas) were compared with these data. Results Among all 68 neoplasms, the most frequently mutated genes were APC (76% in adenoma, 11.1% in intramucosal carcinoma, and 0% in submucosal carcinoma; P < 0.001) and TP53 in intramucosal and submucosal carcinomas (8% in adenoma, 48.1% in intramucosal carcinoma, and 75% in submucosal carcinoma; P < 0.001). Dividing the NIN neoplasms into five groups according to their mutational status (A1: APC mutation, A2: APC + α mutation, B: APC + TP53 mutation, C: TP53 mutation, D: no mutation in either APC or TP53) resulted in almost identical diagnoses by pathology and M‐NBI for groups A1 (12/13, 92%), C (12/13, 92%), and D (16/17, 94%) but not for groups A2 (3/7, 43%) or B (0/2, 0%). This finding implies that NINs with the APC + α mutation have carcinoma‐like endoscopic features despite most being judged as adenomas by pathology. Conclusion A diagnosis of NINs by pathology or M‐NBI in the subset of gastric tumors classified by cancer‐related mutations is not completely identical, suggesting the possible additional role of M‐NBI in diagnosing NINs. Further studies are needed to confirm this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Tanaka
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Japan
| | - Shinya Maekawa
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Japan
| | - Takashi Yoshida
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamaguchi
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Japan
| | - Shinichi Takano
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Japan
| | - Shuya Matsuda
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hayakawa
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Japan
| | - Yasuaki Ishida
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Japan
| | - Masaru Muraoka
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Japan
| | - Satoshi Kawakami
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Fukasawa
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Japan
| | - Toru Kuno
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Japan
| | - Fumihiko Iwamoto
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Japan
| | - Yuya Tsukui
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Japan
| | - Shoji Kobayashi
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Japan
| | - Yukiko Asakawa
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Japan
| | - Hiroko Shindo
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Japan
| | - Mitsuharu Fukasawa
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nakayama
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Japan
| | - Taisuke Inoue
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Uetake
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Japan
| | - Masahiko Ohtaka
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Japan
| | - Tadashi Sato
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Japan
| | - Kunio Mochizuki
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Enomoto
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Japan
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Clinical difference between fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 subclass, type IIIb and type IIIc, in gastric cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4698. [PMID: 33633310 PMCID: PMC7907198 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84107-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) has two isoforms: IIIb type and IIIc type. Clinicopathologic significance of these two FGFR2 subtypes in gastric cancer remains to be known. This study aimed to clarify the clinicopathologic difference of FGFR2IIIb and/or FGFR2IIIc overexpression. A total of 562 patients who underwent gastrectomy was enrolled. The expressions of FGFR2IIIb and FGFR2IIIc were retrospectively examined by immunohistochemistry or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using the 562 gastric tumors. We evaluated the correlation between clinicopathologic features and FGFR2IIIb overexpression and/or FGFR2IIIc overexpression in gastric cancer. FGFR2IIIb overexpression was observed in 28 cases (4.9%), and FGFR2IIIc overexpression was observed in four cases (0.7%). All four FGFR2IIIc cases were also positive for FGFR2IIIb, but not in the same cancer cells. FGFR2IIIb and/or FGFR2IIIc overexpression was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and clinical stage. Both FGFR2IIIb and FGFR2IIIc were significantly associated with poor overall survival. A multivariate analysis showed that FGFR2IIIc expression was significantly correlated with overall survival. FISH analysis indicated that FGFR2 amplification was correlated with FGFR2IIIb and/or FGFR2IIIc overexpression. These findings suggested that gastric tumor overexpressed FGFR2IIIc and/or FGFR2IIIb at the frequency of 4.9%. FGFR2IIIc overexpression might be independent prognostic factor for patients with gastric cancer.
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32
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Li K, Du Y, Li L, Wei DQ. Bioinformatics Approaches for Anti-cancer Drug Discovery. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 21:3-17. [PMID: 31549592 DOI: 10.2174/1389450120666190923162203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Drug discovery is important in cancer therapy and precision medicines. Traditional approaches of drug discovery are mainly based on in vivo animal experiments and in vitro drug screening, but these methods are usually expensive and laborious. In the last decade, omics data explosion provides an opportunity for computational prediction of anti-cancer drugs, improving the efficiency of drug discovery. High-throughput transcriptome data were widely used in biomarkers' identification and drug prediction by integrating with drug-response data. Moreover, biological network theory and methodology were also successfully applied to the anti-cancer drug discovery, such as studies based on protein-protein interaction network, drug-target network and disease-gene network. In this review, we summarized and discussed the bioinformatics approaches for predicting anti-cancer drugs and drug combinations based on the multi-omic data, including transcriptomics, toxicogenomics, functional genomics and biological network. We believe that the general overview of available databases and current computational methods will be helpful for the development of novel cancer therapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kening Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yuxin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Dong-Qing Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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33
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Rosenbaum MW, Gonzalez RS. Targeted therapy for upper gastrointestinal tract cancer: current and future prospects. Histopathology 2021; 78:148-161. [PMID: 33382497 DOI: 10.1111/his.14244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gastric and oesophageal carcinoma remain major causes of worldwide mortality and morbidity. Despite incredible progress in understanding tumour biology, few targeted treatment options have proved effective in prolonging survival, and adjuvant therapy is largely interchangeable in these carcinomas. Through large-scale sequencing by the Cancer Genome Atlas and the Asian Cancer Research Group, numerous potential molecular targets have been discovered. Of the approved targeted therapies for gastric and oesophageal cancer, pathologists play a role in patient selection for the majority of them. Trastuzumab has been approved as a first-line therapy in conjunction with standard treatment in adenocarcinomas with either 3+ HER2/neu expression by immunohistochemistry or ERBB2 amplification by FISH. PD-L1 immunohistochemistry showing a combined positive score of 1 or greater qualifies patients for third-line pembrolizumab therapy, and identification of microsatellite instability-high carcinomas may qualify patients for second-line pembrolizumab. Ramucirumab, targeting VEGFR2, has also been approved for second-line therapy in gastric carcinoma. Non-surgical therapy for gastrointestinal stromal tumours relies mainly upon tyrosine kinase inhibitors, while new targeted therapy options for neuroendocrine neoplasms have recently emerged. Potential future options for targeted therapy in all these malignancies are being investigated in clinical trials, as this review will discuss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W Rosenbaum
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Raul S Gonzalez
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
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34
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Ling Y, Watanabe Y, Nagahashi M, Shimada Y, Ichikawa H, Wakai T, Okuda S. Genetic profiling for diffuse type and genomically stable subtypes in gastric cancer. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2020; 18:3301-3308. [PMID: 33240471 PMCID: PMC7666323 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common and clinically important diseases worldwide. The traditional Laeuren classification divides gastric cancer into two histopathological subtypes: diffuse and intestinal. Recent cancer genomics research has led to the development of a new classification based on molecular characteristics. The newly defined genomically stable (GS) subtype shares many cases with the histopathologically diffuse type. In this study, we performed genetic profiling of recurrently and significantly mutated genes in diffuse type and GS subtype tumors. We observed significantly different genetic characteristics, although the two subtypes overlapped in many cases. In addition, based on the profiles of the significantly mutated genes, we identified molecular functions and mutational signatures characteristic of each subtype. These results will advance the clinical application of the diffuse type and GS subtype gastric cancer in precision medicine for treating gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Ling
- Division of Bioinformatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yu Watanabe
- Division of Bioinformatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Mayuki Nagahashi
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Shimada
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ichikawa
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Wakai
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Shujiro Okuda
- Division of Bioinformatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
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Fujimori D, Kinoshita J, Yamaguchi T, Nakamura Y, Gunjigake K, Ohama T, Sato K, Yamamoto M, Tsukamoto T, Nomura S, Ohta T, Fushida S. Established fibrous peritoneal metastasis in an immunocompetent mouse model similar to clinical immune microenvironment of gastric cancer. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:1014. [PMID: 33081727 PMCID: PMC7574408 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07477-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Peritoneal metastasis (PM) in gastric cancer (GC) is characterized by diffusely infiltrating and proliferating cancer cells accompanied by extensive stromal fibrosis in the peritoneal space. The prognosis of GC with PM is still poor regardless of the various current treatments. In order to elucidate the cause of difficulties in PM treatment, we compared the tumor immune microenvironment (TME) in primary and PM lesions in GC. In addition, a PM model with fibrous stroma was constructed using immunocompetent mice to determine whether its TME was similar to that in patients. Methods Immuno-histochemical analyses of infiltrating immune cells were performed in paired primary and PM lesions from 28 patients with GC. A C57BL/6 J mouse model with PM was established using the mouse GC cell line YTN16 either with or without co-inoculation of mouse myofibroblast cell line LmcMF with α-SMA expression. The resected PM from each mouse model was analyzed the immunocompetent cells using immunohistochemistry. Results The number of CD8+ cells was significantly lower in PM lesions than in primary lesions (P < 0.01). Conversely, the number of CD163+ cells (M2 macrophages) was significantly higher in PM lesions than in primary lesions (P = 0.016). Azan staining revealed that YTN16 and LmcMF co-inoculated tumors were more fibrous than tumor with YTN16 alone (P < 0.05). Co-inoculated fibrous tumor also showed an invasive growth pattern and higher progression than tumor with YTN16 alone (P = 0.045). Additionally, YTN16 and LmcMF co-inoculated tumors showed lower infiltration of CD8+ cells and higher infiltration of M2 macrophages than tumors with YTN16 alone (P < 0.05, P < 0.05). These results indicate that LmcMF plays as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) by crosstalk with YTN16 and CAFs contribute tumor progression, invasion, fibrosis, and immune suppression. Conclusions This model is the first immunocompetent mouse model similar to TME of human clinical PM with fibrosis. By using this model, new treatment strategies for PM, such as anti-CAFs therapies, may be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Fujimori
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Jun Kinoshita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Takahisa Yamaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Katsuya Gunjigake
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Koichi Sato
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Masami Yamamoto
- Department of Applied Science, School of Veterinary Nursing and Technology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tsukamoto
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Nomura
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ohta
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Sachio Fushida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan.
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36
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Park J, Lee SI, Shin S, Hong JH, Yoo HM, Kim JG. Genetic profiling of somatic alterations by Oncomine Focus Assay in Korean patients with advanced gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:129. [PMID: 32934698 PMCID: PMC7471730 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-associated death; however, analysis of its molecular and clinical characteristics has been complicated by its histological and etiological heterogeneity. The present study aimed to estimate somatic mutation profiling in gastric cancer. To do so, targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed with the Oncomine Focus Assay to compare the clinicopathological characteristics with the mutation profiles in 50 patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Among the 35 hotspot genes and 19 genes for copy number variations (CNVs), 18 single nucleotide variants (SNVs) or small insertions and deletions (14 missense and four frameshift mutations), and 10 amplifications were identified. To examine the association between mutation profiles and clinicopathological characteristics, each element of the clinicopathological characteristics was categorized into three groups: No alteration, PI3K catalytic subunit α (PIK3CA) alterations and alterations other than PIK3CA. Fisher's exact test identified no statistical differences between the clinicopathological characteristics, with the exception of the Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) T stage between the three groups. Cases of AGC with somatic alterations but no PIK3CA exhibited a significant difference in the TNM T stage compared with those with no alterations or PIK3CA alterations (P=0.044). In addition, AGC with PIK3CA alterations was categorized by Lauren's classification to the intestinal type only. The distribution of Lauren's classification in AGC with PIK3CA alterations was statistically different compared with AGC with alterations other than PIK3CA (P=0.028), but not compared with AGC with no alterations (P=0.076). In conclusion, the present study demonstrated a molecular profiling approach that identified potential molecular classifications for gastric cancer and suggested a framework for precision medicine in AGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonhong Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Il Lee
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Shin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Hee Hong
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Mo Yoo
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Goo Kim
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
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37
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Wang SC, Yeu Y, Hammer STG, Xiao S, Zhu M, Hong C, Clemenceau JR, Yoon LY, Nassour I, Shen J, Agarwal D, Reznik SI, Mansour JC, Yopp AC, Zhu H, Hwang TH, Porembka MR. Hispanic/Latino Patients with Gastric Adenocarcinoma Have Distinct Molecular Profiles Including a High Rate of Germline CDH1 Variants. Cancer Res 2020; 80:2114-2124. [PMID: 32269045 PMCID: PMC7489496 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-2918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Hispanic/Latino patients have a higher incidence of gastric cancer and worse cancer-related outcomes compared with patients of other backgrounds. Whether there is a molecular basis for these disparities is unknown, as very few Hispanic/Latino patients have been included in previous studies. To determine the genomic landscape of gastric cancer in Hispanic/Latino patients, we performed whole-exome sequencing (WES) and RNA sequencing on tumor samples from 57 patients; germline analysis was conducted on 83 patients. The results were compared with data from Asian and White patients published by The Cancer Genome Atlas. Hispanic/Latino patients had a significantly larger proportion of genomically stable subtype tumors compared with Asian and White patients (65% vs. 21% vs. 20%, P < 0.001). Transcriptomic analysis identified molecular signatures that were prognostic. Of the 43 Hispanic/Latino patients with diffuse-type cancer, 7 (16%) had germline variants in CDH1. Variant carriers were significantly younger than noncarriers (41 vs. 50 years, P < 0.05). In silico algorithms predicted five variants to be deleterious. For two variants that were predicted to be benign, in vitro modeling demonstrated that these mutations conferred increased migratory capability, suggesting pathogenicity. Hispanic/Latino patients with gastric cancer possess unique genomic landscapes, including a high rate of CDH1 germline variants that may partially explain their aggressive clinical phenotypes. Individualized screening, genetic counseling, and treatment protocols based on patient ethnicity and race may be necessary. SIGNIFICANCE: Gastric cancer in Hispanic/Latino patients has unique genomic profiles that may contribute to the aggressive clinical phenotypes seen in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam C Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.
| | - Yunku Yeu
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Suntrea T G Hammer
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Shu Xiao
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Min Zhu
- Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Children's Research Institute, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Changjin Hong
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jean R Clemenceau
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Lynn Y Yoon
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Ibrahim Nassour
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Jeanne Shen
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Deepak Agarwal
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Scott I Reznik
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - John C Mansour
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Adam C Yopp
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Hao Zhu
- Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Children's Research Institute, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Tae Hyun Hwang
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
| | - Matthew R Porembka
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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Tamura R, Yoshihara K, Nakaoka H, Yachida N, Yamaguchi M, Suda K, Ishiguro T, Nishino K, Ichikawa H, Homma K, Kikuchi A, Ueda Y, Takei Y, Fujiwara H, Motoyama T, Okuda S, Wakai T, Inoue I, Enomoto T. XCL1 expression correlates with CD8-positive T cells infiltration and PD-L1 expression in squamous cell carcinoma arising from mature cystic teratoma of the ovary. Oncogene 2020; 39:3541-3554. [PMID: 32115573 PMCID: PMC7176584 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1237-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Molecular characteristics of carcinoma arising from mature cystic teratoma of the ovary (MCT) remain unclear due to its rarity. We analyzed RNA-sequencing data of 2322 pan-cancer [1378 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), 6 adenosquamous carcinomas (ASC), and 938 adenocarcinomas (AC)] including six carcinomas arising from MCT (four SCCs, one ASC, and one AC). Hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis showed that gene expression profiles of carcinomas arising from MCT were different between each histological type and that gene expression profiles of SCCs arising MCT (MCT-SCCs) was apparently similar to those of lung SCCs. By epidermis-associated pathways activity based on gene set enrichment analysis, 1030 SCCs were divided into two groups: epidermis-signature high (head and neck, esophagus, and skin) and low (cervix, lung, and MCT). In addition to pan-SCC transcriptome analysis, cytokeratin profiling based on immunohistochemistry in the independent samples of 21 MCT-SCCs clarified that MCT-SCC dominantly expressed CK18, suggesting the origin of MCT-SCC was columnar epithelium. Subsequently, we investigated differentially expressed genes in MCT-SCCs compared with different SCCs and identified XCL1 was specifically overexpressed in MCT-SCCs. Through immunohistochemistry analysis, we identified XCL1 expression on tumor cells in 13/24 (54%) of MCT-SCCs but not in MCTs. XCL1 expression was also significantly associated with the number of tumor-infiltrating CD8-positive T cells and PD-L1 expression on tumor cells. XCL1 produced by tumor cells may induce PD1/PD-L1 interaction and dysfunction of CD8-positive T cells in tumor microenvironment. XCL1 expression may be a novel biomarker for malignant transformation of MCT into SCC and a biomarker candidate for therapeutic response to an anti-PD1/PD-L1 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Tamura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Kosuke Yoshihara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
| | - Hirofumi Nakaoka
- Human Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, 411-8540, Japan
| | - Nozomi Yachida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Manako Yamaguchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Suda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ishiguro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Koji Nishino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ichikawa
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Keiichi Homma
- Department of Pathology, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital, Niigata, 951-8133, Japan
| | - Akira Kikuchi
- Department of Gynecology, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital, Niigata, 951-8133, Japan
| | - Yutaka Ueda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University School of Medicine, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuji Takei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Fujiwara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Teiichi Motoyama
- Department of Molecular and Diagnostic Pathology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Shujiro Okuda
- Division of Bioinformatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Wakai
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Ituro Inoue
- Human Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, 411-8540, Japan
| | - Takayuki Enomoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
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Matsuoka T, Yashiro M. Precision medicine for gastrointestinal cancer: Recent progress and future perspective. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2020; 12:1-20. [PMID: 31966910 PMCID: PMC6960076 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v12.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer has a high tumor incidence and mortality rate worldwide. Despite significant improvements in radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy for GI cancer over the last decade, GI cancer is characterized by high recurrence rates and a dismal prognosis. There is an urgent need for new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Recent technological advances and the accumulation of clinical data are moving toward the use of precision medicine in GI cancer. Here we review the application and status of precision medicine in GI cancer. Analyses of liquid biopsy specimens provide comprehensive real-time data of the tumor-associated changes in an individual GI cancer patient with malignancy. With the introduction of gene panels including next-generation sequencing, it has become possible to identify a variety of mutations and genetic biomarkers in GI cancer. Although the genomic aberration of GI cancer is apparently less actionable compared to other solid tumors, novel informative analyses derived from comprehensive gene profiling may lead to the discovery of precise molecular targeted drugs. These progressions will make it feasible to incorporate clinical, genome-based, and phenotype-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches and apply them to individual GI cancer patients for precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasuku Matsuoka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 5458585, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 5458585, Japan
- Oncology Institute of Geriatrics and Medical Science, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 5458585, Japan
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40
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Ho SWT, Tan P. Dissection of gastric cancer heterogeneity for precision oncology. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:3405-3414. [PMID: 31495054 PMCID: PMC6825006 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains the fifth most prevalent cancer worldwide and the third leading cause of global cancer mortality. Comprehensive ‐omic studies have unveiled a heterogeneous GC landscape, with considerable molecular diversity both between and within tumors. Given the complex nature of GC, a long‐sought goal includes effective identification of distinct patient subsets with prognostic and/or predictive outcomes to enable tailoring of specific treatments (“precision oncology”). In this review, we highlight various approaches to molecular classification in GC, covering recent genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic and epigenomic features. We pay special attention to the translational significance of classifier systems and examine potential confounding factors which deserve further investigation. In particular, we discuss recent advancements in our knowledge of intra‐subtype, intra‐patient and intra‐tumor heterogeneity, and the pivotal role of the tumor stromal microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamaine Wei Ting Ho
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Patrick Tan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.,Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore.,SingHealth/Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore.,Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore.,Singapore Gastric Cancer Consortium, Singapore
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41
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High Proportion of Potential Candidates for Immunotherapy in a Chilean Cohort of Gastric Cancer Patients: Results of the FORCE1 Study. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091275. [PMID: 31480291 PMCID: PMC6770659 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a heterogeneous disease. This heterogeneity applies not only to morphological and phenotypic features but also to geographical variations in incidence and mortality rates. As Chile has one of the highest mortality rates within South America, we sought to define a molecular profile of Chilean GCs (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03158571/(FORCE1)). Solid tumor samples and clinical data were obtained from 224 patients, with subsets analyzed by tissue microarray (TMA; n = 90) and next generation sequencing (NGS; n = 101). Most demographic and clinical data were in line with previous reports. TMA data indicated that 60% of patients displayed potentially actionable alterations. Furthermore, 20.5% were categorized as having a high tumor mutational burden, and 13% possessed micro-satellite instability (MSI). Results also confirmed previous studies reporting high Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positivity (13%) in Chilean-derived GC samples suggesting a high proportion of patients could benefit from immunotherapy. As expected, TP53 and PIK3CA were the most frequently altered genes. However, NGS demonstrated the presence of TP53, NRAS, and BRAF variants previously unreported in current GC databases. Finally, using the Kendall method, we report a significant correlation between EBV+ status and programmed death ligand-1 (PDL1)+ and an inverse correlation between p53 mutational status and MSI. Our results suggest that in this Chilean cohort, a high proportion of patients are potential candidates for immunotherapy treatment. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first in South America to assess the prevalence of actionable targets and to examine a molecular profile of GC patients.
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42
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Kanemaru Y, Natsumeda M, Okada M, Saito R, Kobayashi D, Eda T, Watanabe J, Saito S, Tsukamoto Y, Oishi M, Saito H, Nagahashi M, Sasaki T, Hashizume R, Aoyama H, Wakai T, Kakita A, Fujii Y. Dramatic response of BRAF V600E-mutant epithelioid glioblastoma to combination therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitor: establishment and xenograft of a cell line to predict clinical efficacy. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2019; 7:119. [PMID: 31345255 PMCID: PMC6659204 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-019-0774-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelioid glioblastoma is a rare aggressive variant of glioblastoma (GBM) characterized by a dismal prognosis of about 6 months and frequent leptomeningeal dissemination. A recent study has revealed that 50% of epithelioid GBMs harbor three genetic alterations - BRAF V600E mutation, TERT promoter mutations, and homozygous deletions of CDKN2A/2B. Emerging evidence support the effectiveness of targeted therapies for brain tumors with BRAF V600E mutation. Here we describe a dramatic radiographical response to combined therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitors in a patient with epithelioid GBM harboring BRAF V600E mutation, characterized by thick spinal dissemination. From relapsed tumor procured at autopsy, we established a cell line retaining the BRAF V600E mutation, TERT promoter mutation and CDKN2A/2B loss. Intracranial implantation of these cells into mice resulted in tumors closely resembling the original, characterized by epithelioid tumor cells and dissemination, and invasion into the perivascular spaces. We then confirmed the efficacy of treatment with BRAF and MEK inhibitor both in vitro and in vivo. Epithelioid GBM with BRAF V600E mutation can be considered a good treatment indication for precision medicine, and this patient-derived cell line should be useful for prediction of the tumor response and clarification of its biological characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Kanemaru
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachidori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - Manabu Natsumeda
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachidori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan.
| | - Masayasu Okada
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachidori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - Rie Saito
- Pathology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Daiki Kobayashi
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachidori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takeyoshi Eda
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachidori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - Jun Watanabe
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachidori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shoji Saito
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachidori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Tsukamoto
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachidori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - Makoto Oishi
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachidori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hirotake Saito
- Department of Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masayuki Nagahashi
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takahiro Sasaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rintaro Hashizume
- Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hidefumi Aoyama
- Department of Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Wakai
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Kakita
- Pathology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yukihiko Fujii
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachidori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
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43
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Bope CD, Chimusa ER, Nembaware V, Mazandu GK, de Vries J, Wonkam A. Dissecting in silico Mutation Prediction of Variants in African Genomes: Challenges and Perspectives. Front Genet 2019; 10:601. [PMID: 31293624 PMCID: PMC6603221 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic medicine is set to drastically improve clinical care globally due to high throughput technologies which enable speedy in silico detection and analysis of clinically relevant mutations. However, the variability in the in silico prediction methods and categorization of functionally relevant genetic variants can pose specific challenges in some populations. In silico mutation prediction tools could lead to high rates of false positive/negative results, particularly in African genomes that harbor the highest genetic diversity and that are disproportionately underrepresented in public databases and reference panels. These issues are particularly relevant with the recent increase in initiatives, such as the Human Heredity and Health (H3Africa), that are generating huge amounts of genomic sequence data in the absence of policies to guide genomic researchers to return results of variants in so-called actionable genes to research participants. This report (i) provides an inventory of publicly available Whole Exome/Genome data from Africa which could help improve reference panels and explore the frequency of pathogenic variants in actionable genes and related challenges, (ii) reviews available in silico prediction mutation tools and the criteria for categorization of pathogenicity of novel variants, and (iii) proposes recommendations for analyzing pathogenic variants in African genomes for their use in research and clinical practice. In conclusion, this work proposes criteria to define mutation pathogenicity and actionability in human genetic research and clinical practice in Africa and recommends setting up an African expert panel to oversee the proposed criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Domilongo Bope
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Departments of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Emile R. Chimusa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Victoria Nembaware
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Gaston K. Mazandu
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jantina de Vries
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ambroise Wonkam
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Abstract
Esophageal, esophago-gastric, and gastric cancers are major causes of cancer morbidity and cancer death. For patients with potentially resectable disease, multi-modality treatment is recommended as it provides the best chance of survival. However, quality of life may be adversely affected by therapy, and with a wide variation in outcome despite multi-modality therapy, there is a clear need to improve patient stratification. Radiomic approaches provide an opportunity to improve tumor phenotyping. In this review we assess the evidence to date and discuss how these approaches could improve outcome in esophageal, esophago-gastric, and gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bert-Ram Sah
- Department of Cancer Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Kasia Owczarczyk
- Department of Cancer Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Musib Siddique
- Department of Cancer Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Gary J R Cook
- Department of Cancer Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- King's College London and Guy's and St Thomas' PET Centre, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Vicky Goh
- Department of Cancer Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
- Department of Radiology, Guy's & St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
- Radiology, Level 1, Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK.
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Serra O, Galán M, Ginesta MM, Calvo M, Sala N, Salazar R. Comparison and applicability of molecular classifications for gastric cancer. Cancer Treat Rev 2019; 77:29-34. [PMID: 31195213 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gastric Cancer (GC) is a complex and heterogeneous disease, which represents a global health concern. Despite advances in prevention, diagnosis, and therapy, GC is still a leading cause of cancer-related death. Over the last decade, several clinical trials have tested novel agents for advanced GC with mostly disappointing results. Heterogeneity, the absence of molecular selection in clinical trials and powerless predictive biomarkers may be potential explanations. Different molecular classification proposals for GC based on the genetic, epigenetic, and molecular signatures have been published. Molecular characterization of GC may offer new tools for more effective therapeutic strategies, such as the development of therapies for specifically well-defined sets of patients as well as the use of new clinical trial designs, which will ultimately lead to an improvement of medical management of this disease. However, the possibilities of implementation of GC molecular classifications on daily practice and their therapeutic implications remain challenging to date. In this review, we will describe and compare these GC molecular classifications, focusing on their main characteristics as the basis for their potential therapeutic implications and strategies for their clinical application. Key Message: A better understanding of gastric cancer molecular characteristics may lead to further improvements in treatment and outcomes for patients with the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Serra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Hospital Duran y Reynals, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL) - University of Barcelona, Hospital Duran y Reynals, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Gastroesophageal Tumors Functional Unit (UTEG), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO) - Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge (HUB), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - M Galán
- Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL) - University of Barcelona, Hospital Duran y Reynals, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Gastroesophageal Tumors Functional Unit (UTEG), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO) - Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge (HUB), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M M Ginesta
- Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Insitute of Oncology (ICO), Hospital Duran y Reynals, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL) - University of Barcelona, Hospital Duran y Reynals, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERONC Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, Spain
| | - M Calvo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Hospital Duran y Reynals, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL) - University of Barcelona, Hospital Duran y Reynals, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Gastroesophageal Tumors Functional Unit (UTEG), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO) - Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge (HUB), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Sala
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program and Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO) - Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Salazar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Hospital Duran y Reynals, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL) - University of Barcelona, Hospital Duran y Reynals, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERONC Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, Spain
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夏 淑, 张 莉, 成 凤, 冯 振, 陆 伦. [Expression of PSMA 7 and its effect on proliferation, invasion, migration and tumorigenesis of gastric cancer]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2019; 39:387-393. [PMID: 31068280 PMCID: PMC6743988 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2019.04.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the expression of PSMA7 and its effect on proliferation, invasion and migration of gastric cancer and subcutaneous tumorigenesis in nude mice. >and subcutaneous tumorigenesis in nude mice. METHODS Specimens of tumor tissues and paired adjacent tissues were collected from 60 patients with gastric cancer for detecting the expression levels of PSMA7 using immunohistochemical method. Gastric cancer cell line SGC7901 was transfected with a lentiviral vector to inhibit PSMA7 expression, and the changes in cell proliferation and invasion were observed using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), clone formation assay and Transwell assay. A BALB/c mouse model bearing subcutaneous gastric cancer xenograft was established using SGC7901 cells with stable PSMA7 knockdown to assess the effect of low expression of PSMA7 on xenograft growth. RESULTS Gastric cancer tissues expressed significantly higher levels of PSMA7 than the paired adjacent tissues (P < 0.05). In SGC7901 cells, interference of PSMA7 expression significantly inhibited the cell proliferation and invasion (P < 0.05). In the tumor-bearing BALB/c mice, the xenografts derived from SGC7901 cells with PSMA7 expression interference showed significant growth suppression as compared with the control xenografts (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS PPSMA 7 is overexpressed in gastric cancer tissues, and PSMA7 knockdown inhibits the proliferation, invasion, migration and subcutaneous tumorigenesis of gastric cancer cells in nude mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- 淑晶 夏
- 南京医科大学病理系Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- 国家卫健委抗体技术重点实验室,南京 211166Key Laboratory of Antibody Technology of National Health Commission, Nanjing 211166, China
- 南京医科大学附属上海一院临床医学院消化科,上海 201600Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 201600, China
- 兴化市人民医院消化内科,江苏 兴化 225700Department of Gastroenterology, Xinghua People's Hospital, Xinghua 225700, China
| | - 莉莉 张
- 南京医科大学附属上海一院临床医学院消化科,上海 201600Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 201600, China
| | - 凤干 成
- 南京医科大学附属上海一院临床医学院消化科,上海 201600Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 201600, China
| | - 振卿 冯
- 南京医科大学病理系Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- 兴化市人民医院消化内科,江苏 兴化 225700Department of Gastroenterology, Xinghua People's Hospital, Xinghua 225700, China
| | - 伦根 陆
- 国家卫健委抗体技术重点实验室,南京 211166Key Laboratory of Antibody Technology of National Health Commission, Nanjing 211166, China
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47
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Tsuchida J, Rothman J, McDonald KA, Nagahashi M, Takabe K, Wakai T. Clinical target sequencing for precision medicine of breast cancer. Int J Clin Oncol 2019; 24:131-140. [DOI: 10.1007/s10147-018-1373-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Nagahashi M, Shimada Y, Ichikawa H, Kameyama H, Takabe K, Okuda S, Wakai T. Next generation sequencing-based gene panel tests for the management of solid tumors. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:6-15. [PMID: 30338623 PMCID: PMC6317963 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Next generation sequencing (NGS) has been an invaluable tool to put genomic sequencing into clinical practice. The incorporation of clinically relevant target sequences into NGS-based gene panel tests has generated practical diagnostic tools that enable individualized cancer-patient care. The clinical utility of gene panel testing includes investigation of the genetic basis for an individual's response to therapy, such as signaling pathways associated with a response to specific therapies, microsatellite instability and a hypermutated phenotype, and deficiency in the DNA double-strand break repair pathway. In this review, we describe the concept of precision cancer medicine using target sequences in gene panel tests as well as the importance of the control of sample quality in routine NGS-based genomic testing. We describe geographic and ethnic differences in cancer genomes, and discuss issues that need to be addressed in the future based on our experiences in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Nagahashi
- Division of Digestive and General SurgeryGraduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan
| | - Yoshifumi Shimada
- Division of Digestive and General SurgeryGraduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan
| | - Hiroshi Ichikawa
- Division of Digestive and General SurgeryGraduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan
| | - Hitoshi Kameyama
- Division of Digestive and General SurgeryGraduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan
| | - Kazuaki Takabe
- Division of Digestive and General SurgeryGraduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan
- Breast SurgeryRoswell Park Cancer InstituteBuffaloNew York
- Department of SurgeryThe State University of New York Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesUniversity at BuffaloBuffaloNew York
| | - Shujiro Okuda
- Division of BioinformaticsGraduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan
| | - Toshifumi Wakai
- Division of Digestive and General SurgeryGraduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan
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Muro K, Van Cutsem E, Narita Y, Pentheroudakis G, Baba E, Li J, Ryu MH, Zamaniah WIW, Yong WP, Yeh KH, Kato K, Lu Z, Cho BC, Nor IM, Ng M, Chen LT, Nakajima TE, Shitara K, Kawakami H, Tsushima T, Yoshino T, Lordick F, Martinelli E, Smyth EC, Arnold D, Minami H, Tabernero J, Douillard JY. Pan-Asian adapted ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of patients with metastatic gastric cancer: a JSMO-ESMO initiative endorsed by CSCO, KSMO, MOS, SSO and TOS. Ann Oncol 2019; 30:19-33. [PMID: 30475956 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The most recent version of the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Clinical Practice Guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of gastric cancer (GC) was published in 2016, and covered the management and treatment of local, locoregional, locally advanced and metastatic disease. At the ESMO Asia Meeting in November 2017 it was decided by both ESMO and The Japanese Society of Medical Oncology (JSMO) to convene a special guidelines meeting immediately after the JSMO Annual Meeting in 2018. The aim was to adapt the ESMO 2016 guidelines to take into account the ethnic differences associated with the treatment of metastatic GC in Asian patients. These guidelines represent the consensus opinions reached by experts in the treatment of patients with metastatic GC representing the oncological societies of Japan (JSMO), China (CSCO), Korea (KSMO), Malaysia (MOS), Singapore (SSO) and Taiwan (TOS). The voting was based on scientific evidence and was independent of both the current treatment practices and the drug availability and reimbursement situations in the individual participating Asian countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Muro
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - E Van Cutsem
- Digestive Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Y Narita
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - G Pentheroudakis
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - E Baba
- Department of Comprehensive Clinical Oncology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - J Li
- Department of Oncology, Tongji University affiliated East Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - M-H Ryu
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - W I Wan Zamaniah
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, c
| | - W-P Yong
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - K-H Yeh
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei; National Taiwan University Cancer Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - K Kato
- Division of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Z Lu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - B C Cho
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - I M Nor
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M Ng
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - L-T Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - T E Nakajima
- Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Medicine, St. Marianna University, Kawasaki
| | - K Shitara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa
| | - H Kawakami
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka
| | - T Tsushima
- Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - T Yoshino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa
| | - F Lordick
- University Cancer Centre Leipzig, Leipzig; 1st Department of Medicine (Hematology and Medical Oncology), University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - E Martinelli
- Department of Precision Medicine - Medical Oncology, Università degli Studi della Campania L Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italy
| | - E C Smyth
- Department of Oncology, Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - D Arnold
- Asklepios Tumorzentrum Hamburg, Asklepios Klinik Altona, Hamburg, Germany
| | - H Minami
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - J Tabernero
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d' Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (V.H.I.O.), Barcelona, Spain
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Wakai T, Prasoon P, Hirose Y, Shimada Y, Ichikawa H, Nagahashi M. Next-generation sequencing-based clinical sequencing: toward precision medicine in solid tumors. Int J Clin Oncol 2018; 24:115-122. [PMID: 30515675 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-018-1375-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Numerous technical and functional advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) have led to the adoption of this technique in conventional clinical practice. Recently, large-scale genomic research and NGS technological innovation have revealed many more details of somatic and germline mutations in solid tumors. This development is allowing for the classification of tumor type sub-categories based on genetic alterations in solid tumors, and based on this information, new drugs and targeted therapies are being administered to patients. This has largely been facilitated by gene panel testing, which allows for a better understanding of the genetic basis for an individual's response to therapy. NGS-based comprehensive gene panel testing is a clinically useful approach to investigate genomic mechanisms, including therapy-related signaling pathways, microsatellite instability, hypermutated phenotypes, and tumor mutation burden. In this review, we describe the concept of precision medicine in solid tumors using NGS-based comprehensive gene panel testing, as well as the importance of quality control of tissue sample handling in routine NGS-based genomic testing, and we discuss issues for the future adoption of this technique in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Wakai
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
| | - Pankaj Prasoon
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yuki Hirose
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Shimada
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ichikawa
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Masayuki Nagahashi
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
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