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Niibori-Nambu A, Wang CQ, Chin DWL, Chooi JY, Hosoi H, Sonoki T, Tham CY, Nah GSS, Cirovic B, Tan DQ, Takizawa H, Sashida G, Goh Y, Tng J, Fam WN, Fullwood MJ, Suda T, Yang H, Tergaonkar V, Taniuchi I, Li S, Chng WJ, Osato M. Integrin-α9 overexpression underlies the niche-independent maintenance of leukemia stem cells in acute myeloid leukemia. Gene 2024; 928:148761. [PMID: 39002785 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are widely believed to reside in well-characterized bone marrow (BM) niches; however, the capacity of the BM niches to accommodate LSCs is insufficient, and a significant proportion of LSCs are instead maintained in regions outside the BM. The molecular basis for this niche-independent behavior of LSCs remains elusive. Here, we show that integrin-α9 overexpression (ITGA9 OE) plays a pivotal role in the extramedullary maintenance of LSCs by molecularly mimicking the niche-interacting status, through the binding with its soluble ligand, osteopontin (OPN). Retroviral insertional mutagenesis conducted on leukemia-prone Runx-deficient mice identified Itga9 OE as a novel leukemogenic event. Itga9 OE activates Akt and p38MAPK signaling pathways. The elevated Myc expression subsequently enhances ribosomal biogenesis to overcome the cell integrity defect caused by the preexisting Runx alteration. The Itga9-Myc axis, originally discovered in mice, was further confirmed in multiple human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) subtypes, other than RUNX leukemias. In addition, ITGA9 was shown to be a functional LSC marker of the best prognostic value among 14 known LSC markers tested. Notably, the binding of ITGA9 with soluble OPN, a known negative regulator against HSC activation, induced LSC dormancy, while the disruption of ITGA9-soluble OPN interaction caused rapid cell propagation. These findings suggest that the ITGA9 OE increases both actively proliferating leukemia cells and dormant LSCs in a well-balanced manner, thereby maintaining LSCs. The ITGA9 OE would serve as a novel therapeutic target in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Niibori-Nambu
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Tumor Genetics and Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Chelsia Qiuxia Wang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Desmond Wai Loon Chin
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jing Yuan Chooi
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hiroki Hosoi
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Takashi Sonoki
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Cheng-Yong Tham
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Giselle Sek Suan Nah
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Branko Cirovic
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Darren Qiancheng Tan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hitoshi Takizawa
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Goro Sashida
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yufen Goh
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jiaqi Tng
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wee Nih Fam
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Melissa Jane Fullwood
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Toshio Suda
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Institute of Hematology, Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Henry Yang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vinay Tergaonkar
- Laboratory of NFκB Signalling, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Ichiro Taniuchi
- Laboratory for Transcriptional Regulation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shang Li
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wee Joo Chng
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; National University Cancer Institute, Singapore; National University Health System, Singapore.
| | - Motomi Osato
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of General Internal Medicine, Kumamoto Kenhoku Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.
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Zhang S, Zhang Q, Lu Y, Chen J, Liu J, Li Z, Xie Z. Roles of Integrin in Cardiovascular Diseases: From Basic Research to Clinical Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4096. [PMID: 38612904 PMCID: PMC11012347 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) pose a significant global health threat due to their complex pathogenesis and high incidence, imposing a substantial burden on global healthcare systems. Integrins, a group of heterodimers consisting of α and β subunits that are located on the cell membrane, have emerged as key players in mediating the occurrence and progression of CVDs by regulating the physiological activities of endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, platelets, fibroblasts, cardiomyocytes, and various immune cells. The crucial role of integrins in the progression of CVDs has valuable implications for targeted therapies. In this context, the development and application of various integrin antibodies and antagonists have been explored for antiplatelet therapy and anti-inflammatory-mediated tissue damage. Additionally, the rise of nanomedicine has enhanced the specificity and bioavailability of precision therapy targeting integrins. Nevertheless, the complexity of the pathogenesis of CVDs presents tremendous challenges for monoclonal targeted treatment. This paper reviews the mechanisms of integrins in the development of atherosclerosis, cardiac fibrosis, hypertension, and arrhythmias, which may pave the way for future innovations in the diagnosis and treatment of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhang
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (S.Z.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (J.L.); (Z.L.)
- Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Qingfang Zhang
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (S.Z.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (J.L.); (Z.L.)
- Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Yutong Lu
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (S.Z.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (J.L.); (Z.L.)
- Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Jianrui Chen
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (S.Z.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (J.L.); (Z.L.)
- Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Jinkai Liu
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (S.Z.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (J.L.); (Z.L.)
- Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Zhuohan Li
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (S.Z.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (J.L.); (Z.L.)
- Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Zhenzhen Xie
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (S.Z.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (J.L.); (Z.L.)
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Li S, Sampson C, Liu C, Piao HL, Liu HX. Integrin signaling in cancer: bidirectional mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:266. [PMID: 37770930 PMCID: PMC10537162 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01264-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrins are transmembrane receptors that possess distinct ligand-binding specificities in the extracellular domain and signaling properties in the cytoplasmic domain. While most integrins have a short cytoplasmic tail, integrin β4 has a long cytoplasmic tail that can indirectly interact with the actin cytoskeleton. Additionally, 'inside-out' signals can induce integrins to adopt a high-affinity extended conformation for their appropriate ligands. These properties enable integrins to transmit bidirectional cellular signals, making it a critical regulator of various biological processes.Integrin expression and function are tightly linked to various aspects of tumor progression, including initiation, angiogenesis, cell motility, invasion, and metastasis. Certain integrins have been shown to drive tumorigenesis or amplify oncogenic signals by interacting with corresponding receptors, while others have marginal or even suppressive effects. Additionally, different α/β subtypes of integrins can exhibit opposite effects. Integrin-mediated signaling pathways including Ras- and Rho-GTPase, TGFβ, Hippo, Wnt, Notch, and sonic hedgehog (Shh) are involved in various stages of tumorigenesis. Therefore, understanding the complex regulatory mechanisms and molecular specificities of integrins are crucial to delaying cancer progression and suppressing tumorigenesis. Furthermore, the development of integrin-based therapeutics for cancer are of great importance.This review provides an overview of integrin-dependent bidirectional signaling mechanisms in cancer that can either support or oppose tumorigenesis by interacting with various signaling pathways. Finally, we focus on the future opportunities for emergent therapeutics based on integrin agonists. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Research Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, 110042, China
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Chibuzo Sampson
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Changhao Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Research Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, 110042, China
| | - Hai-Long Piao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Research Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, 110042, China.
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.
| | - Hong-Xu Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Research Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, 110042, China.
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He X, He H, Zhang Y, Wu T, Chen Y, Tang C, Xia T, Zhang X, Xie C. Role of ceRNA network in inflammatory cells of rheumatoid arthritis. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 48:750-759. [PMID: 37539578 PMCID: PMC10930406 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2023.220621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease caused by inflammatory cells. Various inflammatory cells involved in RA include fibroblast-like synoviocytes, macrophages, CD4+T-lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, osteoclasts and chondrocytes. The close interaction between various inflammatory cells leads to imbalance of immune response and disorder of the expression of mRNA in inflammatory cells. It helps to drive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and stimulate specific antigen-specific T- and B-lymphocytes to produce autoantibodies which is an important pathogenic factor for RA. Competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) can regulate the expression of mRNA by competitively binding to miRNA. The related ceRNA network is a new regulatory mechanism for RNA interaction. It has been found to be involved in the regulation of abnormal biological processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and release of inflammatory factors of RA inflammatory cells. Understanding the ceRNA network in 6 kinds of RA common inflammatory cells provides a new idea for further elucidating the pathogenesis of RA, and provides a theoretical basis for the discovery of new biomarkers and effective therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu He
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Anhui 233004.
| | - Haohua He
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Anhui 233004
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Anhui 233030
| | - Tianyu Wu
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Anhui 233030
| | - Yongjie Chen
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Anhui 233030
| | - Chengzhi Tang
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Anhui 233030
| | - Tian Xia
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Anhui 233030
| | - Xiaonan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Anhui 233030.
| | - Changhao Xie
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Anhui 233004.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Anhui 233030, China.
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Luo Y, Lei Y, Guo X, Zhu D, Zhang H, Guo Z, Xu Z, Zhao H, Xi Y, Peng X, Xiao L, Wang Z, Niu X, Chen G. CX-4945 inhibits fibroblast-like synoviocytes functions through the CK2-p53 axis to reduce rheumatoid arthritis disease severity. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110163. [PMID: 37060808 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) mediate many pathological processes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), including pannus formation, bone erosion, and inflammation. RA FLS have unique aggressive phenotypes and exhibit several tumor cell-like characteristics, including hyperproliferation, excessive migration and invasion. Casein kinase 2 (CK2) is reportedly overexpressed in numerous tumor types, and targeted inhibition of CK2 has therapeutic benefits for tumors. However, the expression level of CK2 and its functions in RA FLS remain unclear. Herein, we aimed to elucidate whether CK2 is responsible for the aggressive phenotypes of RA FLS and whether targeted therapy can alleviate the severity of RA. We found that CK2 subunits were elevated in RA FLS compared with osteoarthritis FLS, and the activity of CK2 also markedly increased in RA FLS. Targeted inhibition of CK2 using CX-4945 suppressed RA FLS proliferation through cell cycle arrest. Cell migration and invasion were also inhibited by CX-4945 treatment. Moreover, CX-4945 reduced Interleukin-6 (IL-6), CC motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) and Matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) secretion in RA FLS. Further proteomic investigation revealed that p53 signaling pathway significantly changes after CX-4945 treatment in RA FLS. The siRNA-mediated p53 knockdown partly abolished the anti-proliferation and reduced IL-6, MMP-3 secretion effects of CX-4945. Furthermore, CX-4945 administration alleviates arthritis severity in CIA mice. Collectively, our results demonstrated the abnormal elevation of CK2 and its positive association with abnormal phenotypes in RA FLS. Our novel findings suggest the possible therapeutic potential of CX-4945 for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Luo
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yunxuan Lei
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Dehao Zhu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zizhen Guo
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zichong Xu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hanqing Zhao
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yebin Xi
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiaochun Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Lianbo Xiao
- Department of Joint Surgery, Guanghua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Zhaojun Wang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Xiaoyin Niu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Guangjie Chen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai 200025, China.
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Tsaltskan V, Firestein GS. Targeting fibroblast-like synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2022; 67:102304. [PMID: 36228471 PMCID: PMC9942784 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2022.102304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) are mesenchymal-derived cells that play an important role in the physiology of the synovium by producing certain components of the synovial fluid and articular cartilage. In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), however, fibroblasts become a key driver of synovial inflammation and joint damage. Because of this, there has been recent interest in FLS as a therapeutic target in RA to avoid side effects such as systemic immune suppression associated with many existing RA treatments. In this review, we describe how approved treatments for RA affect FLS signaling and function and discuss the effects of investigational FLS-targeted drugs for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav Tsaltskan
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gary S Firestein
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Ma H, Murphy C, Loscher CE, O’Kennedy R. Autoantibodies - enemies, and/or potential allies? Front Immunol 2022; 13:953726. [PMID: 36341384 PMCID: PMC9627499 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.953726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoantibodies are well known as potentially highly harmful antibodies which attack the host via binding to self-antigens, thus causing severe associated diseases and symptoms (e.g. autoimmune diseases). However, detection of autoantibodies to a range of disease-associated antigens has enabled their successful usage as important tools in disease diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. There are several advantages of using such autoantibodies. These include the capacity to measure their presence very early in disease development, their stability, which is often much better than their related antigen, and the capacity to use an array of such autoantibodies for enhanced diagnostics and to better predict prognosis. They may also possess capacity for utilization in therapy, in vivo. In this review both the positive and negative aspects of autoantibodies are critically assessed, including their role in autoimmune diseases, cancers and the global pandemic caused by COVID-19. Important issues related to their detection are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ma
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Caroline Murphy
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Richard O’Kennedy
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
- Research, Development and Innovation, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
- Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
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8
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Németh T, Nagy G, Pap T. Synovial fibroblasts as potential drug targets in rheumatoid arthritis, where do we stand and where shall we go? Ann Rheum Dis 2022; 81:annrheumdis-2021-222021. [PMID: 35715191 PMCID: PMC9279838 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-222021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast-like synoviocytes or synovial fibroblasts (FLS) are important cellular components of the inner layer of the joint capsule, referred to as the synovial membrane. They can be found in both layers of this synovial membrane and contribute to normal joint function by producing extracellular matrix components and lubricants. However, under inflammatory conditions like in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), they may start to proliferate, undergo phenotypical changes and become central elements in the perpetuation of inflammation through their direct and indirect destructive functions. Their importance in autoimmune joint disorders makes them attractive cellular targets, and as mesenchymal-derived cells, their inhibition may be carried out without immunosuppressive consequences. Here, we aim to give an overview of our current understanding of the target potential of these cells in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Németh
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Nagy
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Thomas Pap
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Medical Faculty of the Westphalian Wilhelm University, Münster, Germany
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9
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Role of Integrins in Modulating Smooth Muscle Cell Plasticity and Vascular Remodeling: From Expression to Therapeutic Implications. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040646. [PMID: 35203297 PMCID: PMC8870356 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Smooth muscle cells (SMCs), present in the media layer of blood vessels, are crucial in maintaining vascular homeostasis. Upon vascular injury, SMCs show a high degree of plasticity, undergo a change from a “contractile” to a “synthetic” phenotype, and play an essential role in the pathophysiology of diseases including atherosclerosis and restenosis. Integrins are cell surface receptors, which are involved in cell-to-cell binding and cell-to-extracellular-matrix interactions. By binding to extracellular matrix components, integrins trigger intracellular signaling and regulate several of the SMC function, including proliferation, migration, and phenotypic switching. Although pharmacological approaches, including antibodies and synthetic peptides, have been effectively utilized to target integrins to limit atherosclerosis and restenosis, none has been commercialized yet. A clear understanding of how integrins modulate SMC biology is essential to facilitate the development of integrin-based interventions to combat atherosclerosis and restenosis. Herein, we highlight the importance of integrins in modulating functional properties of SMCs and their implications for vascular pathology.
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10
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José Alcaraz M. New potential therapeutic approaches targeting synovial fibroblasts in rheumatoid arthritis. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 194:114815. [PMID: 34715065 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Synovial cells play a key role in joint destruction during chronic inflammation. In particular, activated synovial fibroblasts (SFs) undergo intrinsic alterations leading to an aggressive phenotype mediating cartilage destruction and bone erosion in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Recent research has revealed a number of targets to control arthritogenic changes in SFs. Therefore, identification of SF phenotypes, control of epigenetic changes, modulation of cellular functions, or regulation of the activity of cation channels and different signaling pathways has been investigated. Although many of these approaches have shown efficacy in vitro and in animal models of RA, further research is needed to select the most relevant targets for drug development. This review is focused on the role of SFs as a potential strategy to discover novel therapeutic targets in RA aimed at preserving joint architecture and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Alcaraz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, and Interuniversity Research Institute for Molecular Recognition and Technological Development (IDM), Polytechnic University of Valencia, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent A. Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjasot, Valencia, Spain.
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11
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Xu S, Zhang T, Cao Z, Zhong W, Zhang C, Li H, Song J. Integrin-α9β1 as a Novel Therapeutic Target for Refractory Diseases: Recent Progress and Insights. Front Immunol 2021; 12:638400. [PMID: 33790909 PMCID: PMC8005531 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.638400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins refer to heterodimers consisting of subunits α and β. They serve as receptors on cell membranes and interact with extracellular ligands to mediate intracellular molecular signals. One of the least-studied members of the integrin family is integrin-α9β1, which is widely distributed in various human tissues and organs. Integrin-α9β1 regulates the physiological state of cells through a variety of complex signaling pathways to participate in the specific pathological processes of some intractable diseases. In recent years, an increasing amount of research has focused on the role of α9β1 in the molecular mechanisms of different refractory diseases and its promising potential as a therapeutic target. Accordingly, this review introduces and summarizes recent research related to integrin-α9β1, describes the synergistic functions of α9β1 and its corresponding ligands in cancer, autoimmune diseases, nerve injury and thrombosis and, more importantly, highlights the potential of α9β1 as a distinctive target for the treatment of these intractable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihan Xu
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingwei Zhang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengguo Cao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenjie Zhong
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuangwei Zhang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Han Li
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinlin Song
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
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Pratt AG, Siebert S, Cole M, Stocken DD, Yap C, Kelly S, Shaikh M, Cranston A, Morton M, Walker J, Frame S, Ng WF, Buckley CD, McInnes IB, Filer A, Isaacs JD. Targeting synovial fibroblast proliferation in rheumatoid arthritis (TRAFIC): an open-label, dose-finding, phase 1b trial. LANCET RHEUMATOLOGY 2021; 3:e337-e346. [PMID: 33928262 PMCID: PMC8062952 DOI: 10.1016/s2665-9913(21)00061-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Current rheumatoid arthritis therapies target immune inflammation and are subject to ceiling effects. Seliciclib is an orally available cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor that suppresses proliferation of synovial fibroblasts—cells not yet targeted in rheumatoid arthritis. Part 1 of this phase 1b/2a trial aimed to establish the maximum tolerated dose of seliciclib in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis despite ongoing treatment with TNF inhibitors, and to evaluate safety and pharmacokinetics. Methods Phase 1b of the TRAFIC study was a non-randomised, open-label, dose-finding trial done in rheumatology departments in five UK National Health Service hospitals. Eligible patients (aged ≥18 years) fulfilled the 1987 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) or the 2010 ACR–European League Against Rheumatism classification criteria for rheumatoid arthritis and had moderate to severe disease activity (a Disease Activity Score for 28 joints [DAS28] of ≥3·2) despite stable treatment with anti-TNF therapy for at least 3 months before enrolment. Participants were recruited sequentially to a maximum of seven cohorts of three participants each, designated to receive seliciclib 200 mg, 400 mg, 600 mg, 800 mg, or 1000 mg administered in 200 mg oral capsules. Sequential cohorts received doses determined by a restricted, one-stage Bayesian continual reassessment model, which determined the maximum tolerated dose (the primary outcome) based on a target dose-limiting toxicity rate of 35%. Seliciclib maximum concentration (Cmax) and area under the plasma concentration time curve 0–6 h (AUC0–6) were measured. This study is registered with ISRCTN, ISRCTN36667085. Findings Between Oct 8, 2015, and Aug 15, 2017, 37 patients were screened and 15 were enrolled to five cohorts and received seliciclib, after which the trial steering committee and the data monitoring committee determined that the maximum tolerated dose could be defined. In addition to a TNF inhibitor, ten (67%) enrolled patients were taking conventional synthetic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs. The maximum tolerated dose of seliciclib was 400 mg, with an estimated dose-limiting toxicity probability of 0·35 (90% posterior probability interval 0·18–0·52). Two serious adverse events occurred (one acute kidney injury in a patient receiving the 600 mg dose and one drug-induced liver injury in a patient receiving the 400 mg dose), both considered to be related to seliciclib and consistent with its known safety profile. 65 non-serious adverse events occurred during the trial, 50 of which were considered to be treatment related. Most treatment-related adverse events were mild; 20 of the treatment-related non-serious adverse events contributed to dose-limiting toxicities. There were no deaths. Average Cmax and AUC0–6 were two-times higher in participants developing dose-limiting toxicities. Interpretation The maximum tolerated dose of seliciclib has been defined for rheumatoid arthritis refractory to TNF blockade. No unexpected safety concerns were identified to preclude ongoing clinical evaluation in a formal efficacy trial. Funding UK Medical Research Council, Cyclacel, Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre (Versus Arthritis), and the National Institute of Health Research Newcastle and Birmingham Biomedical Research Centres and Clinical Research Facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur G Pratt
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Stefan Siebert
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Michael Cole
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Deborah D Stocken
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Christina Yap
- Clinical Trial and Statistics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Stephen Kelly
- Department of Rheumatology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Muddassir Shaikh
- Department of Rheumatology, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - Amy Cranston
- Clinical Trials Unit, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Miranda Morton
- Clinical Trials Unit, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jenn Walker
- Clinical Trials Unit, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Wan-Fai Ng
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Christopher D Buckley
- National Institute for Health Research Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Iain B McInnes
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Andrew Filer
- National Institute for Health Research Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - John D Isaacs
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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