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Buxbaum NP, Socié G, Hill GR, MacDonald KPA, Tkachev V, Teshima T, Lee SJ, Ritz J, Sarantopoulos S, Luznik L, Zeng D, Paczesny S, Martin PJ, Pavletic SZ, Schultz KR, Blazar BR. Chronic GvHD NIH Consensus Project Biology Task Force: evolving path to personalized treatment of chronic GvHD. Blood Adv 2023; 7:4886-4902. [PMID: 36322878 PMCID: PMC10463203 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022007611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGvHD) remains a prominent barrier to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantion as the leading cause of nonrelapse mortality and significant morbidity. Tremendous progress has been achieved in both the understanding of pathophysiology and the development of new therapies for cGvHD. Although our field has historically approached treatment from an empiric position, research performed at the bedside and bench has elucidated some of the complex pathophysiology of cGvHD. From the clinical perspective, there is significant variability of disease manifestations between individual patients, pointing to diverse biological underpinnings. Capitalizing on progress made to date, the field is now focused on establishing personalized approaches to treatment. The intent of this article is to concisely review recent knowledge gained and formulate a path toward patient-specific cGvHD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya P Buxbaum
- Department of Pediatrics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - Gerard Socié
- Hematology-Transplantation, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris & University of Paris - INSERM UMR 676, Hospital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - Geoffrey R Hill
- Division of Medical Oncology, The University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Kelli P A MacDonald
- Department of Immunology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Victor Tkachev
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Takanori Teshima
- Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Stephanie J Lee
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Jerome Ritz
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Stefanie Sarantopoulos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Duke University Medical Center, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC
| | - Leo Luznik
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Defu Zeng
- Arthur D. Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, The Beckman Research Institute, Hematologic Maligancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | - Sophie Paczesny
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Cancer Immunology Program, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Paul J Martin
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Steven Z Pavletic
- Immune Deficiency Cellular Therapy Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Kirk R Schultz
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Bruce R Blazar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood & Marrow Transplant & Cellular Therapy, University of Minnesota, Minneappolis, MN
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2
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Hao YT, Liu XR, Zhu N, Mao RX, Liu R, Wu L, Kang JW, Hu JN, Li Y. Jackfruit ( Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) oligopeptides regulate immune responses via Th cell stimulation, cytokine secretion and antibody production. Food Funct 2020; 11:9810-9819. [PMID: 33084695 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01294g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to observe the immunomodulatory effects of oligopeptides derived from jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) (JOPs). 200 female BALB/c mice in five groups were respectively given deionized water (control), whey protein (0.20 g per kg body weight (BW)) and JOPs at doses of 0.20, 0.40, and 0.80 g per kg BW by intragastric administration on a daily basis. 7 tests were conducted to determine the immunomodulatory effects of JOPs on immune organ indexes, cellular and humoral immune responses, macrophage phagocytosis, and natural killer (NK) cell activity. Spleen T lymphocyte sub-populations and serum cytokine and immunoglobulin levels were tested to study how JOPs improved the immune system. We found that JOPs could significantly enhance innate and adaptive immune responses in mice by the improvement of cell-mediated and humoral immunity, macrophage phagocytosis capacity and NK cell activity. The immunomodulatory effects may be based on increased T and Th cell percentages, serum interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, production of immunoglobulin (Ig) M, IgG, and IgA, and depressed interferon (IFN)-γ secretion. These results suggest that dietary JOPs could be valuable as potential immunomodulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Tao Hao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
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3
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Furlan SN, Singh K, Lopez C, Tkachev V, Hunt DJ, Hibbard J, Betz KM, Blazar BR, Trapnell C, Kean LS. IL-2 enhances ex vivo-expanded regulatory T-cell persistence after adoptive transfer. Blood Adv 2020; 4:1594-1605. [PMID: 32311015 PMCID: PMC7189290 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019001248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
As regulatory T cell (Treg) adoptive therapy continues to develop clinically, there is a need to determine which immunomodulatory agents pair most compatibly with Tregs to enable persistence and stabilize suppressor function. Prior work has shown that mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibition can increase the stability of thymic Tregs. In this study, we investigated the transcriptomic signatures of ex vivo-expanded Tregs after adoptive transfer in the setting of clinically relevant immunosuppression using a nonhuman primate (NHP) model as a prelude to future transplant studies. Here, we found that adding interleukin-2 (IL-2) to rapamycin in vivo supported a logarithmic increase in the half-life of adoptively transferred carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester-labeled, autologous NHP Tregs, effectively doubling the number of cells in the peripheral blood Treg compartment compared with Treg infusion when rapamycin was given alone. Using single-cell transcriptomics, we found that transferred ex vivo-expanded Tregs initially exhibit a gene expression signature consistent with an activated state. Moreover, those cells with the highest levels of activation also expressed genes associated with p53-mediated apoptosis. In contrast, transferred Tregs interrogated at day +20 posttransfer demonstrated a gene signature more similar to published profiles of resting Tregs. Together, these preclinical data further support combining IL-2 and rapamycin in vivo as adjunctive therapy for ex vivo-expanded adoptively transferred Tregs and suggest that the activation status of ex vivo-expanded Tregs is critical to their persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott N Furlan
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Christina Lopez
- Seattle Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Victor Tkachev
- Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Daniel Joel Hunt
- Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - James Hibbard
- Seattle Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Kayla M Betz
- Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Bruce R Blazar
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; and
| | - Cole Trapnell
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Leslie S Kean
- Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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4
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Autophagy in regulatory T cells: A double-edged sword in disease settings. Mol Immunol 2019; 109:43-50. [PMID: 30852245 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved catabolic process that directs cytoplasmic proteins, organelles and microbes to lysosomes for degradation. It not only represents an essential cell-intrinsic mechanism to protect against internal and external stresses but also shapes both innate and adaptive immunity. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a developmentally and functionally distinct T cell subpopulation engaged in sustaining immunological self-tolerance and homeostasis. There is compelling evidence that autophagy is actively regulated in Tregs and serves as a central signal-dependent controller for Tregs by restraining excessive apoptotic and metabolic activities. In this review, we discuss how autophagy modulates the stability and functionality of Tregs in different disease settings, and provide a perspective on how manipulation of autophagy enables better control of immune response by targeting the generation of Tregs and the maintenance of their stability.
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5
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Nikolouli E, Hardtke-Wolenski M, Hapke M, Beckstette M, Geffers R, Floess S, Jaeckel E, Huehn J. Alloantigen-Induced Regulatory T Cells Generated in Presence of Vitamin C Display Enhanced Stability of Foxp3 Expression and Promote Skin Allograft Acceptance. Front Immunol 2017; 8:748. [PMID: 28702031 PMCID: PMC5487376 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are critical for the maintenance of immune homeostasis and self-tolerance and can be therapeutically used for prevention of unwanted immune responses such as allotransplant rejection. Tregs are characterized by expression of the transcription factor Foxp3, and recent work suggests that epigenetic imprinting of Foxp3 and other Treg-specific epigenetic signatures genes is crucial for the stabilization of both Foxp3 expression and immunosuppressive properties within Tregs. Lately, vitamin C was reported to enhance the activity of enzymes of the ten-eleven translocation family, thereby fostering the demethylation of Foxp3 and other Treg-specific epigenetic signatures genes in developing Tregs. Here, we in vitro generated alloantigen-induced Foxp3+ Tregs (allo-iTregs) in presence of vitamin C. Although vitamin C hardly influenced the transcriptome of allo-iTregs as revealed by RNA-seq, those vitamin C-treated allo-iTregs showed a more pronounced demethylation of Foxp3 and other Treg-specific epigenetic signatures genes accompanied with an enhanced stability of Foxp3 expression. Accordingly, when being tested in vivo in an allogeneic skin transplantation model, vitamin C-treated allo-iTregs showed a superior suppressive capacity. Together, our results pave the way for the establishment of novel protocols for the in vitro generation of alloantigen-induced Foxp3+ Tregs for therapeutic use in transplantation medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Nikolouli
- Department Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | - Martin Hapke
- Department Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Beckstette
- Department Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Robert Geffers
- Genome Analytics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Stefan Floess
- Department Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Elmar Jaeckel
- Department Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jochen Huehn
- Department Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
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6
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Amarnath S, Laurence A, Zhu N, Cunha R, Eckhaus MA, Taylor S, Foley JE, Ghosh M, Felizardo TC, Fowler DH. Tbet is a critical modulator of FoxP3 expression in autoimmune graft- versus-host disease. Haematologica 2017; 102:1446-1456. [PMID: 28473623 PMCID: PMC5541878 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2016.155879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CD4+ T-helper subsets drive autoimmune chronic graft-versus-host disease, a major complication after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. However, it remains unclear how specific T-helper subsets contribute to chronic graft-versus-host disease. T-helper type 1 cells are one of the major disease-mediating T-cell subsets and require interferon-γ signaling and Tbet expression for their function. Regulatory T cells on the other hand can inhibit T-helper type 1 cell-mediated responses. Using an established murine model that isolates the autoimmune component of graft-versus-host disease, we hypothesized that T-helper type 1 cells would restrict FoxP3-driven regulatory T cells. Upon transfer into immune-deficient syngeneic hosts, alloreactive Tbx21−/−CD4+ T cells led to marked increases in FoxP3+ cells and reduced clinical evidence of autoimmunity. To evaluate whether peripheral induction contributed to regulatory T-cell predominance, we adoptively transferred Tbx21−/− T cells that consisted of fate mapping for FoxP3: recipients of flow-purified effector cells that were Foxp3− and Tbx21−/− had enhanced T-regulatory-cell predominance during autoimmune graft-versus-host disease. These data directly demonstrated that peripheral T-regulatory-cell induction was inhibited by Tbet. Finally, Tbx21−/− T-regulatory cells cross-regulated autoimmune wild-type T-effector-cell cytokine production in vivo. The Tbet pathway therefore directly impairs T-regulatory-cell reconstitution and is consequently a feasible target in efforts to prevent autoimmune graft-versus-host disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoba Amarnath
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK, USA
| | - Arian Laurence
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK, USA
| | - Nathaniel Zhu
- Experimental Transplantation Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Renato Cunha
- Experimental Transplantation Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael A Eckhaus
- Division of Veterinary Resources, Office of Research Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Samuel Taylor
- Experimental Transplantation Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jason E Foley
- Experimental Transplantation Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Monalisa Ghosh
- Experimental Transplantation Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tania C Felizardo
- Experimental Transplantation Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel H Fowler
- Experimental Transplantation Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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7
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Le Texier L, Lineburg KE, Cao B, McDonald-Hyman C, Leveque-El Mouttie L, Nicholls J, Melino M, Nalkurthi BC, Alexander KA, Teal B, Blake SJ, Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes F, Engwerda CR, Kuns RD, Lane SW, Teng M, Teh C, Gray D, Clouston AD, Nilsson SK, Blazar BR, Hill GR, MacDonald KP. Autophagy-dependent regulatory T cells are critical for the control of graft-versus-host disease. JCI Insight 2016; 1:e86850. [PMID: 27699243 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.86850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a crucial role in the maintenance of peripheral tolerance. Quantitative and/or qualitative defects in Tregs result in diseases such as autoimmunity, allergy, malignancy, and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), a serious complication of allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT). We recently reported increased expression of autophagy-related genes (Atg) in association with enhanced survival of Tregs after SCT. Autophagy is a self-degradative process for cytosolic components that promotes cell homeostasis and survival. Here, we demonstrate that the disruption of autophagy within FoxP3+ Tregs (B6.Atg7fl/fl-FoxP3cre+ ) resulted in a profound loss of Tregs, particularly within the bone marrow (BM). This resulted in dysregulated effector T cell activation and expansion, and the development of enterocolitis and scleroderma in aged mice. We show that the BM compartment is highly enriched in TIGIT+ Tregs and that this subset is differentially depleted in the absence of autophagy. Moreover, following allogeneic SCT, recipients of grafts from B6.Atg7fl/fl-FoxP3cre+ donors exhibited reduced Treg reconstitution, exacerbated GVHD, and reduced survival compared with recipients of B6.WT-FoxP3cre+ grafts. Collectively, these data indicate that autophagy-dependent Tregs are critical for the maintenance of tolerance after SCT and that the promotion of autophagy represents an attractive immune-restorative therapeutic strategy after allogeneic SCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laëtitia Le Texier
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Katie E Lineburg
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Benjamin Cao
- Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cameron McDonald-Hyman
- Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Lucie Leveque-El Mouttie
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jemma Nicholls
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michelle Melino
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Blessy C Nalkurthi
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kylie A Alexander
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Bianca Teal
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Stephen J Blake
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Christian R Engwerda
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rachel D Kuns
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Steven W Lane
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michele Teng
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Charis Teh
- Molecular Genetics of Cancer Division and Immunology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Daniel Gray
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Molecular Genetics of Cancer Division and Immunology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Susan K Nilsson
- Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bruce R Blazar
- Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Geoffrey R Hill
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kelli Pa MacDonald
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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8
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Noble A, Zhao J. Follicular helper T cells are responsible for IgE responses to Der p 1 following house dust mite sensitization in mice. Clin Exp Allergy 2016; 46:1075-82. [PMID: 27138589 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Th2 cells have long been considered responsible for the switching of B cells to production of IgE during cognate interaction, primarily due to their expression of CD40L and secretion of IL-4. This concept has been challenged by the more recent definition of follicular helper T cells (Tfh) as the key T cell subset in B cell isotype switching, due to their physical location at the boundary of T cell:B cell areas in lymphoid follicles and ability to express IL-4 and CD40L. OBJECTIVE To determine whether Tfh cells are responsible for IgE responses to Der p 1 allergen after house dust mite (HDM)-induced allergic sensitization. METHODS Mice deficient in Tfh cells were sensitized to HDM and Der p 1-specific IgE measured by ELISA. RESULTS Mice with a mutation in T cell-expressed IL-6R were unable to expand Tfh populations after HDM sensitization, and their anti-Der p 1 IgE, IgG1 and total IgE responses were reduced by 80-90% compared with wild-type mice. These animals displayed unaltered lung Th2 and eosinophilic responses after intranasal HDM challenge and normal IL-4 production, but B cell infiltration of the airways was abrogated. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Our data indicate that Tfh cells are largely responsible for switching B cells to IgE synthesis, most likely via an IgG1(+) intermediate. However, Th2 cells are the major source of IL-4 during HDM sensitization and this might contribute to IgE synthesis at a stage distal to Tfh-mediated isotype switching. The IL-6/follicular helper T cell pathway is a potential therapeutic target in allergic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Noble
- MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, King's College London, London, UK
| | - J Zhao
- MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, King's College London, London, UK
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9
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Preclinical models of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease: how predictive are they for a successful clinical translation? Blood 2016; 127:3117-26. [PMID: 26994149 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-02-699082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite major advances in recent years, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) remains a major life-threatening complication of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). To improve our therapeutic armory against GVHD, preclinical evidence is most frequently generated in mouse and large animal models of GVHD. However, because every model has shortcomings, it is important to understand how predictive the different models are and why certain findings in these models could not be translated into the clinic. Weaknesses of the animal GVHD models include the irradiation only-based conditioning regimen, the homogenous donor/recipient genetics in mice, canine or non-human primates (NHP), anatomic site of T cells used for transfer in mice, the homogenous microbial environment in mice housed under specific pathogen-free conditions, and the lack of pharmacologic GVHD prevention in control groups. Despite these major differences toward clinical allo-HCT, findings generated in animal models of GVHD have led to the current gold standards for GVHD prophylaxis and therapy. The homogenous nature of the preclinical models allows for reproducibility, which is key for the characterization of the role of a new cytokine, chemokine, transcription factor, microRNA, kinase, or immune cell population in the context of GVHD. Therefore, when carefully balancing reasons to apply small and large animal models, it becomes evident that they are valuable tools to generate preclinical hypotheses, which then have to be rigorously evaluated in the clinical setting. In this study, we discuss several clinical approaches that were motivated by preclinical evidence, novel NHP models and their advantages, and highlight the recent advances in understanding the pathophysiology of GVHD.
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10
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Akieda Y, Wakamatsu E, Nakamura T, Ishida Y, Ogawa S, Abe R. Defects in Regulatory T Cells Due to CD28 Deficiency Induce a Qualitative Change of Allogeneic Immune Response in Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 194:4162-74. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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11
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Guo Y, Zhang L, Wan S, Sun X, Wu Y, Yu XZ, Xia CQ. Tolerance induction between two different strains of parental mice prevents graft-versus-host disease in haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation to F1 mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 446:1035-41. [PMID: 24661874 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Haplo-HSCT) has been employed worldwide in recent years and led to favorable outcome in a group of patients who do not have human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched donors. However, the high incidence of severe graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a major problem for Haplo-HSCT. In the current study, we performed a proof of concept mouse study to test whether induction of allogeneic tolerance between two different parental strains was able to attenuate GVHD in Haplo-HSCT to the F1 mice. We induced alloantigen tolerance in C3H mice (H-2k) using ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiated immature dendritic cells (iDCs) derived from the cultures of Balb/c bone marrow cells. Then, we performed Haplo-HSCT using tolerant C3H mice as donors to F1 mice (C3H×Balb/c). The results demonstrated that this approach markedly reduced GVHD-associated death and significantly prolonged the survival of recipient mice in contrast to the groups with donors (C3H mice) that received infusion of non-UVB-irradiated DCs. Further studies showed that there were enhanced Tregs in the tolerant mice and alloantigen-specific T cell response was skewed to more IL-10-producing T cells, suggesting that these regulatory T cells might have contributed to the attenuation of GVHD. This study suggests that it is a feasible approach to preventing GVHD in Haplo-HSCT in children by pre-induction of alloantigen tolerance between the two parents. This concept may also lead to more opportunities in cell-based immunotherapy for GVHD post Haplo-HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixian Guo
- Department of Hematology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, People's Republic of China
| | - Lanfang Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, People's Republic of China
| | - Suigui Wan
- Department of Hematology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejing Sun
- Department of Hematology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxia Wu
- Department of Hematology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Zhong Yu
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Chang-Qing Xia
- Department of Hematology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Jin X, Wang Y, Hawthorne WJ, Hu M, Yi S, O’Connell P. Enhanced Suppression of the Xenogeneic T-Cell Response In Vitro by Xenoantigen Stimulated and Expanded Regulatory T Cells. Transplantation 2014; 97:30-8. [PMID: 24092378 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0b013e3182a860fa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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13
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Jin Z, Wu X, Chen S, Yang L, Liu Q, Li Y. Distribution and clonality of the vα and vβ T-cell receptor repertoire of regulatory T cells in leukemia patients with and without graft versus host disease. DNA Cell Biol 2014; 33:182-8. [PMID: 24410134 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2013.2277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Graft versus host disease (GVHD) is the main complication following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Recent data indicated that regulatory T (Treg) cells might relate to GVHD, and such functions might be mediated by certain T-cell receptor (TCR) subfamily of Treg cells. Thus, we analyzed the distribution and clonality of the TCR Vα and Vβ repertoire of Treg cells from leukemia patients with and without GVHD after allo-HSCT. Numerous TCR Vα subfamilies, including Vα1, Vα9, Vα13, Vα16-19, and Vα24-29, were absent in Treg cells after allo-HSCT. The usage numbers for the TCR Vα and Vβ subfamilies in Treg cells from patients without GVHD appeared more widely. The expression frequencies of Vα10 or Vα20 between both groups were significantly different. Moreover, the expression frequency of TCR Vβ2 subfamily in patients without GVHD was significantly higher than that in patients with GVHD. Oligoclonally expanded TCR Vα and Vβ Treg cells were identified in a few samples in both groups. Restricted utilization of the Vα and Vβ subfamilies and the absence of some important TCR rearrangements in Treg cells may be related to GVHD due to a lower regulating function of Treg subfamilies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyi Jin
- 1 Institute of Hematology, Jinan University , Guangzhou, China
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Hart JW, Shiue LH, Shpall EJ, Alousi AM. Extracorporeal photopheresis in the treatment of graft-versus-host disease: evidence and opinion. Ther Adv Hematol 2013; 4:320-34. [PMID: 24082993 DOI: 10.1177/2040620713490316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advances in prevention and treatment strategies, graft-versus-host disease remains the most significant cause of morbidity and nonrelapse mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic cellular transplantation. Corticosteroids remain the standard frontline therapy for graft-versus-host disease; however, a considerable number of patients will not respond adequately and others will be significantly affected by adverse effects. Extracorporeal photopheresis is one of several secondary therapies which have shown promise in the clinical setting. While the procedure itself has been around for over 20 years, our understanding of the mechanisms from which therapeutic benefits are seen, and the population they are seen in, remains limited. In this article, we review the use of extracorporeal photopheresis for the treatment of graft-versus-host disease including details covering the procedure's mechanism of action, safety profile and clinical efficacy data.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W Hart
- Department of Pharmacy Clinical Programs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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15
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Th17 responses in chronic allergic airway inflammation abrogate regulatory T-cell-mediated tolerance and contribute to airway remodeling. Mucosal Immunol 2013; 6:335-46. [PMID: 22892938 PMCID: PMC4233308 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2012.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The role of T-helper type 17 (Th17) responses in airway remodeling in asthma is currently unknown. We demonstrate that both parenteral and mucosal allergen sensitization, followed by allergen inhalation, leads to Th17-biased lung immune responses. Unlike Th17 cells generated in vitro, lung Th17 cells did not produce tumor necrosis factor-α or interleukin (IL)-22. Eosinophilia predominated in acute inflammation, while neutrophilia and IL-17 increased in chronic disease. Allergen-induced tolerance involved Foxp3-, Helios-, and glycoprotein-A repetitions predominant-expressing regulatory T cells (Treg) and IL-10/interferon-γ priming. This Treg phenotype was altered in inflamed lungs and abrogated by inhalation of IL-17. Using Th17-deficient mice with genetic disruption of gp130 in T cells, we showed that Th17 cells induce airway remodeling independent of the Th2 response. All-trans retinoic acid administration ameliorated Th17-mediated disease and increased Treg activity, while dexamethasone inhibited eosinophilia but not neutrophilia, and enhanced Th17 development in vitro. Targeting the Th17/Treg axis might therefore be therapeutic in neutrophilic and glucocorticoid-refractory asthma.
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Sagoo P, Ratnasothy K, Tsang Y, Barber LD, Noble A, Lechler RI, Lombardi G. Alloantigen-specific regulatory T cells prevent experimental chronic graft-versus-host disease by simultaneous control of allo- and autoreactivity. Eur J Immunol 2012; 42:3322-33. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201242770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Revised: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pervinder Sagoo
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre; Guy's & St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust & King's College London, London; UK
- MRC Centre for Transplantation; Department of Transplantation; Immunoregulation & Mucosal Biology; King's College London, London; UK
| | - Kulachelvy Ratnasothy
- MRC Centre for Transplantation; Department of Transplantation; Immunoregulation & Mucosal Biology; King's College London, London; UK
| | - Yuen Tsang
- MRC Centre for Transplantation; Department of Transplantation; Immunoregulation & Mucosal Biology; King's College London, London; UK
| | - Linda D. Barber
- Department of Haematological Medicine; King's College London; London UK
| | - Alistair Noble
- MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma; King's College London; London UK
| | - Robert I. Lechler
- MRC Centre for Transplantation; Department of Transplantation; Immunoregulation & Mucosal Biology; King's College London, London; UK
| | - Giovanna Lombardi
- MRC Centre for Transplantation; Department of Transplantation; Immunoregulation & Mucosal Biology; King's College London, London; UK
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Hymes SR, Alousi AM, Cowen EW. Graft-versus-host disease: part I. Pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of graft-versus-host disease. J Am Acad Dermatol 2012; 66:515.e1-18; quiz 533-4. [PMID: 22421123 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2011.11.960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2011] [Revised: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 25,000 allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplants are performed worldwide each year for a variety of malignant and non-malignant conditions. Graft-versus-host disease represents one of the most frequent complications and is a major source of long-term morbidity and mortality. Whereas acute graft-versus-host disease is induced by recognition of host tissues as foreign by immunocompetent donor cells, the pathogenesis of chronic graft-versus-host disease is not as well understood, and continues to be a major treatment challenge. Part I of this two-part series reviews the epidemiologic factors, classification, pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease. Part II discusses the topical, physical, and systemic treatment options available to patients with graft-versus-host disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon R Hymes
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030-4009, USA.
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18
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Hu Y, Tian W, Zhang LL, Liu H, Yin GP, He BS, Mao XM. Function of regulatory T-cells improved by dexamethasone in Graves' disease. Eur J Endocrinol 2012; 166:641-6. [PMID: 22219499 DOI: 10.1530/eje-11-0879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intrathyroid injection of dexamethasone (DEX) has been used to treat Graves' disease (GD); however, the mechanism of this treatment remains poorly understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of DEX on the function of regulatory T (Treg) cells (CD4(+)CD25(+)T cells) in patients with GD. METHODS Peripheral blood was obtained from 20 patients with GD, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated by Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient separation. CD4(+)CD25(-)/CD4(+)CD25(+)T cells were isolated by immunomagnetic selection and DEX was co-cultured with PBMCs or isolated T-cells for 72 h. Treg cell function was analyzed using the proliferation rate of CD4(+)CD25(-)T cells. RESULTS The proportion of Treg cells and the transcription factor forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) mRNA expression in PBMCs decreased in GD patients compared with healthy subjects, and Treg cell function was impaired in patients with GD. Although the proportion of Treg cells and FOXP3 mRNA expression in PBMCs did not increase, the function of Treg cells improved after the treatment with DEX. Moreover, the proportion of T-helper 2 (Th2) cells was decreased by the DEX treatment. CONCLUSIONS DEX could effectively improve the function of Treg cells and set up a new balance of Th1/Th2 in GD patients. This study might help to further understand the immune mechanism of the intrathyroid injection of DEX in the treatment of GD and facilitate the potential use of this therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Department of Rehabilitation Central Laboratory, Nanjing First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Street, Nanjing, China
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The effects of leflunomide on CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T regulatory cells in mice receiving allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Inflamm Res 2011; 61:53-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-011-0388-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2011] [Revised: 08/23/2011] [Accepted: 09/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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20
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Tulone C, Giorgini A, Freeley S, Coughlan A, Robson MG. Transferred antigen-specific T(H)17 but not T(H)1 cells induce crescentic glomerulonephritis in mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2011; 179:2683-90. [PMID: 21983633 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2011] [Revised: 08/08/2011] [Accepted: 08/24/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
To explore the role of antigen-specific CD4(+) T cells in glomerulonephritis, we administered ovalbumin 323-339 peptide conjugated to glomerular-binding polyclonal antibody and induced disease in RAG1(-/-) mice with CD4(+) T cells from OT2 × RAG1(-/-) mice. These OT2 × RAG1(-/-) mice have a transgenic T-cell receptor specific for this peptide. When CD4(+) T cells were primed in vivo, crescentic glomerulonephritis developed after 21 days in mice given peptide-conjugated glomerular-binding antibody but not unconjugated antibody control. We then investigated the relative roles of T(H)1 and T(H)17 cells, using Fab(2) fragments of glomerular-binding antibody to exclude a role for antibody in this model. T cells from OT2 × RAG1(-/-) mice were polarized in vitro, and T(H)1 or T(H)17 cell lines were injected into mice that were also given peptide-conjugated Fab(2) or unconjugated Fab(2) control, giving four experimental groups. After 21 days crescentic glomerulonephritis was seen in mice receiving T(H)17 cells and peptide-conjugated Fab(2) but in none of the other three groups. These results suggest that T(H)17 but not T(H)1 cells can induce crescentic glomerulonephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calogero Tulone
- MRC Centre for Transplantation, King's College London School of Medicine, London, England
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21
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Min CK. The pathophysiology of chronic graft-versus-host disease: the unveiling of an enigma. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY 2011; 46:80-7. [PMID: 21747879 PMCID: PMC3128905 DOI: 10.5045/kjh.2011.46.2.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2011] [Accepted: 06/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Chronic graft-versus-host disease (CGVHD) is one of the most significant complications of long-term survivors after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). CGVHD may have protean manifestations and can pose unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. New recommendations that emphasize the importance of qualitative differences, as opposed to time of onset after HSCT, are now being used to standardize the diagnosis and clinical assessment of CGVHD, but they require validation. During the past 3 decades, experimental studies and clinical observations have elucidated the mechanisms of acute GVHD, but its biology is much less well-understood. Experimental studies have generated at least 4 theories to explain the pathophysiology of CGVHD: (1) thymic damage and the defective negative selection of T cells, (2) regulatory T cell deficiencies, (3) auto-antibody production by aberrant B cells, and (4) the formation of profibrotic lesions. Mouse models have provided important insights into the pathophysiology of CGVHD, and these have helped improve clinical outcomes following allo-HSCT, but no animal model fully replicates all of the features of CGVHD in humans. In this article, recent clinical changes, the pathogenesis of CGHVD, the cellular and cytokine networks implicated in its pathogenesis, and the animal models used to devise strategies to prevent and treat CGVHD are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Ki Min
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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22
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Abstract
Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD ) is a leading cause of allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation-related mortality and morbidity. It is an immune-mediated disorder that can target almost any organ in the body, often with devastating consequences. The immune-suppressive medications currently used to treat it are equally toxic and are often not very effective. At this time, our understanding of its pathophysiology is limited. The discovery of potential biomarkers offers new possibilities in the clinical management of cGVHD. They could potentially be used for diagnosing cGVHD, for predicting or evaluating response to therapy and for unique insights into the pathophysiology underlying the clinical manifestations of cGVHD. Understanding the biological origins of these biomarkers can help us construct a more comprehensive and clinically relevant model for the pathogenesis of this disease. In this article, we review existing evidence for candidate biomarkers that have been identified in the framework of how they may contribute to the pathophysiology of cGVHD. Issues regarding the discovery and application of biomarkers are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Rozmus
- Division of Oncology, Hematology and BMT, Department of Pediatrics, BC Children’s Hospital/University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kirk R Schultz
- Division of Oncology, Hematology and BMT, Department of Pediatrics, BC Children’s Hospital/University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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24
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Noguchi D, Wakita D, Ohkuri T, Tajima M, Chamoto K, Kitamura H, Nishimura T. Blockade of IL-6-signaling inhibits the pathogenesis of CD4+ T cell-mediated lethal graft-versus-host reaction against minor histocompatibility antigen. Immunol Lett 2011; 136:146-55. [PMID: 21256159 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2011.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2010] [Revised: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR) is considered as a problem in hematopoietic cell transplantation. We found that CD45RB(high) CD62L(+) naïve CD4(+) T cells from wild-type B10D2 (H-2d MMTV6(-)) mice immediately differentiated into effector T cells producing high-levels of various cytokines after the transfer into BALB/c RAG2(-/-) (H-2d MMTV6(+)) mice. The expanded CD4(+) T cells, which have almost TCR Vβ3 chain, recognized the minor antigen of recipient mice and brought typical severe GVHR symptoms such as eyelid irritation, diarrhea, and liver failure. Eventually, all of the recipient mice transferred CD4(+) T cells was dead within 10 days. We demonstrated here that blockade of IL-6 signaling by administration of anti-IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) monoclonal antibody (mAb) remarkably inhibited the CD4(+) T cell-mediated lethal GVHR. In addition, we confirmed that the in vivo injection of anti-IL-6R mAb prevented the generation of effector CD4(+) T cells which produce the inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-17. These findings indicated that IL-6 was a critical factor in the CD4(+) T cell-dependent acute GVHR induced by a minor-antigen, suggesting that IL-6-mediated signaling pathway would be a strong therapeutic target in T cell-mediated GVHR as well as other diseases including autoimmune and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Noguchi
- Division of Immunoregulation, Section of Disease Control, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan
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25
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Chronic Graft Versus Host Disease Is Associated With an Immune Response to Autologous Human Leukocyte Antigen–Derived Peptides. Transplantation 2010; 90:555-63. [DOI: 10.1097/tp.0b013e3181e86b58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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26
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Zikri NN, Schumer E, Wang JJ, Gaughan A, Hadley GA, Moffatt-Bruce SD. Induction of CD4(+)CD25(+) T regulatory cells with CD103 depletion. J Surg Res 2010; 163:162-8. [PMID: 20599216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2010.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2010] [Revised: 04/02/2010] [Accepted: 04/13/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND M290SAP, a murine CD103 antibody conjugated with the immunotoxin saporin, has been found to induce the indefinite acceptance of transplanted pancreatic islets in mice. We sought to understand the underlying mechanism of this alloacceptance, particularly with respect to the CD4 CD25 T regulatory phenotype. METHODS In this study, we established the kinetics of M290SAP and evaluated the requirement of alloantigen for the induction and maintenance of CD4 CD25 T regulatory cells (Tregs). Naive C57BL/6 mice were treated with several doses of M290SAP with and without donor-specific blood or splenocytes. Blood and spleens were collected at specific time points and underwent FACS analysis. RESULTS M290SAP significantly depleted CD103 cells and induced the up-regulation of CD4 CD25 T regulatory population in spleen cell preparations. The combination of alloantigen in the form of donor-specific blood or splenocytes, with M290SAP, further induced the up-regulation of CD4 CD25 Tregs in the spleen compared with either M290SAP alone or alloantigen alone. The generation of CD4 CD25 cells and the depletion of CD103 cells reached a maximum at 7 d and by 3 wk CD103 and CD4 CD25 T regulatory cell populations returned to baseline. When multiple antigenic challenges were administered, the splenic CD4 CD25 cell population was again up-regulated and persisted for 3 wk. CONCLUSION Our data confirm that M290SAP induces the generation of the CD4 CD25 T regulatory phenotype in spleens of naïve mice. Alloantigen further enhances and rejuvenates the CD4 CD25 cell population in mice treated with M290SAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy N Zikri
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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27
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Alousi AM, Uberti J, Ratanatharathorn V. The role of B cell depleting therapy in graft versus host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant. Leuk Lymphoma 2010; 51:376-89. [DOI: 10.3109/10428190903586318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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28
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Gagliani N, Ferraro A, Roncarolo MG, Battaglia M. Autoimmune diabetic patients undergoing allogeneic islet transplantation: are we ready for a regulatory T-cell therapy? Immunol Lett 2009; 127:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2009.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2009] [Revised: 07/14/2009] [Accepted: 07/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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29
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A granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-15 fusokine induces a regulatory B cell population with immune suppressive properties. Nat Med 2009; 15:1038-45. [PMID: 19668193 DOI: 10.1038/nm.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2008] [Accepted: 06/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that a granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-15 (IL-15) 'fusokine' (GIFT15) exerts immune suppression via aberrant signaling through the IL-15 receptor on lymphomyeloid cells. We show here that ex vivo GIFT15 treatment of mouse splenocytes generates suppressive regulatory cells of B cell ontogeny (hereafter called GIFT15 B(reg) cells). Arising from CD19+ B cells, GIFT15 B(reg) cells express major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI) and MHCII, surface IgM and IgD, and secrete IL-10, akin to previously described B10 and T2-MZP B(reg) cells, but lose expression of the transcription factor PAX5, coupled to upregulation of CD138 and reciprocal suppression of CD19. Mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis went into complete remission after intravenous infusion of GIFT15 B(reg) cells paralleled by suppressed neuroinflammation. The clinical effect was abolished when GIFT15 B(reg) cells were derived from mmicroMT (lacking B cells), MHCII-knockout, signal transducer and activator of transcription-6 (STAT-6)-knockout, IL-10-knockout or allogeneic splenocytes, consistent with a pivotal role for MHCII and IL-10 by sygeneic B cells for the observed therapeutic effect. We propose that autologous GIFT15 B(reg) cells may serve as a new treatment for autoimmune ailments.
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Increased T-bet+ cytotoxic effectors and type I interferon-mediated processes in chronic graft-versus-host disease of the oral mucosa. Blood 2009; 113:3620-30. [PMID: 19168793 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2008-07-168351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a major long-term complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, little is known of its pathogenesis. We have systematically examined oral mucosa among cGVHD patients and determined that the clinical severity of oral cGVHD was correlated with apoptotic epithelial cells, often found adjacent to infiltrating effector-memory T cells expressing markers of cytotoxicity and type I cytokine polarization. Accumulation of T-bet(+) T-cell effectors was associated with both increased proliferation and the expression of the type I chemokine receptor CXCR3. Concurrently, in both infiltrating cells and keratinocytes, we observed increased expression of the CXCR3 ligand MIG (CXCL9) and interleukin-15 (IL-15), type I interferon (IFN)-inducible factors that support the migration, type I differentiation, and expansion of alloreactive effectors. In severely affected mucosa, we observed high levels of MxA, a protein specifically induced by type I IFN, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) phosphorylation, a critical step in the IFN-signaling pathway, along with increased numbers of plasmacytoid dendritic cells. These data challenge the current paradigm of cGVHD as a type II cytokine-driven disorder and support the model that oral cGVHD results from type I IFN-driven immigration, proliferation, and differentiation of T-bet(+) type I T effectors. The clinical trials are registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00331968.
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In vivo-activated CD103+CD4+ regulatory T cells ameliorate ongoing chronic graft-versus-host disease. Blood 2008; 112:2129-38. [PMID: 18550852 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2008-02-140277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
CD103 (alphaEbeta7) has been shown to be an excellent marker for identifying in vivo-activated FoxP3(+)CD4(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells. It is unknown whether reinfusion of in vivo-activated donor-type CD103(+) Treg cells from recipient can ameliorate ongoing chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Here, we showed that, in a chronic GVHD model of DBA/2 (H-2(d)) donor to BALB/c (H-2(d)) recipient, donor-type CD103(+) Treg cells from recipients were much more potent than CD25(hi) natural Treg cells from donors in reversing clinical signs of GVHD and tissue damage. Furthermore, in contrast to CD25(hi) natural Treg cells, CD103(+) Treg cells expressed high levels of CCR5 but low levels of CD62L and directly migrated to GVHD target tissues. In addition, the CD103(+) Treg cells strongly suppressed donor CD4(+) T-cell proliferation; they also induced apoptosis of in vivo-activated CD4(+) T and B cells and significantly reduced pathogenic T and B cells in GVHD target tissues. These results indicate that CD103(+) Treg cells from chronic GVHD recipients are functional, and reinfusion of the CD103(+) Treg cells can shift the balance between Treg cells and pathogenic T cells in chronic GVHD recipients and ameliorate ongoing disease.
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Teshima T, Wynn TA, Soiffer RJ, Matsuoka KI, Martin PJ. Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease: How Can We Release Prometheus? Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2008; 14:142-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2007.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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