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Seegobin M, Logan SR, Emery RJN, Brunetti CR. Cytokinins Reduce Viral Replication and Alter Plaque Morphology of Frog Virus 3 In Vitro. Viruses 2024; 16:826. [PMID: 38932119 PMCID: PMC11209418 DOI: 10.3390/v16060826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytokinins (CKs) are a group of N6-substituted signaling molecules whose biosynthesis and metabolism have been documented in all kingdoms of life, including vertebrates. While their biological relevance in vertebrate systems continues to be elucidated, they have broadly been documented with therapeutic effects in exogenous applications. In this study, we evaluated the virostatic potential of four types of CKs including, N6-isopentenyladenine (iP), N6-isopentenyladenosine (iPR), N6-isopentenyladenosine-5'monophosphate (iPMP), and 2-methylthiol-N6-isopentenyladenosine (2MeSiPR) against the ranavirus type species, frog virus 3 (FV3). Following concurrent treatment and infection, iP and iPR reduced viral replication by 33.8% and 59.6%, respectively, in plaque formation assays. A decrease in viral replication was also observed when CK exposure was limited to 12 h prior to infection, where iP and iPR reduced viral replication by 31% and 23.75%, respectively. Treatment with iP and iPR was also marked by 48% and 60% decreases in viral load over 72 h, respectively, as measured in single step growth curves. Plaque morphology was altered in vitro, as iP and iPR treatment increased plaque area by 83% and 112% with lytic zone formation also becoming more prevalent in corresponding treatments. Treatment with iPMP and 2MeSiPR resulted in no effect on viral kinetics in vitro. The results of this study are the first to provide evidence of CK antiviral activity against a DNA virus and highlight the importance of their structure for therapeutic investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Craig R. Brunetti
- Department of Biology, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON K9J 0G2, Canada; (M.S.); (S.R.L.); (R.J.N.E.)
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2
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Zhu S, Zhang B, Zhu T, Wang D, Liu C, Liu Y, He Y, Liang W, Li W, Han R, Li D, Yan F, Tian Y, Li G, Kang X, Li Z, Jiang R, Sun G. miR-128-3p inhibits intramuscular adipocytes differentiation in chickens by downregulating FDPS. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:540. [PMID: 37700222 PMCID: PMC10496186 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09649-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intramuscular fat (IMF) content is the major indicator for evaluating chicken meat quality due to its positive correlation with tenderness, juiciness, and flavor. An increasing number of studies are focusing on the functions of microRNAs (miRNAs) in intramuscular adipocyte differentiation. However, little is known about the association of miR-128-3p with intramuscular adipocyte differentiation. Our previous RNA-seq results indicated that miR-128-3p was differentially expressed at different periods in chicken intramuscular adipocytes, revealing a possible association with intramuscular adipogenesis. The purpose of this research was to investigate the biological functions and regulatory mechanism of miR-128-3p in chicken intramuscular adipogenesis. RESULTS The results of a series of assays confirmed that miR-128-3p could promote the proliferation and inhibit the differentiation of intramuscular adipocytes. A total of 223 and 1,050 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the mimic treatment group and inhibitor treatment group, respectively, compared with the control group. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the DEGs were involved in lipid metabolism-related pathways, such as the MAPK and TGF-β signaling pathways. Furthermore, target gene prediction analysis showed that miR-128-3p can target many of the DEGs, such as FDPS, GGT5, TMEM37, and ASL2. The luciferase assay results showed that miR-128-3p targeted the 3' UTR of FDPS. The results of subsequent functional assays demonstrated that miR-128-3p acted as an inhibitor of intramuscular adipocyte differentiation by targeting FDPS. CONCLUSION miR-128-3p inhibits chicken intramuscular adipocyte differentiation by downregulating FDPS. Our findings provide a theoretical basis for the study of lipid metabolism and reveal a potential target for molecular breeding to improve meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaipeng Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Binbin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Tingqi Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Dongxue Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Cong Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Yixuan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Yuehua He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Wenjie Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Wenting Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
- The Shennong Seed Industry Laboratory, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Ruili Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
- The Shennong Seed Industry Laboratory, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Donghua Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Fengbin Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Yadong Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Guoxi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
- The Shennong Seed Industry Laboratory, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiangtao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
- The Shennong Seed Industry Laboratory, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Zhuanjian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Ruirui Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Guirong Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, P.R. China.
- The Shennong Seed Industry Laboratory, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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3
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Combination of dl922-947 Oncolytic Adenovirus and G-Quadruplex Binders Uncovers Improved Antitumor Activity in Breast Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162482. [PMID: 36010559 PMCID: PMC9406944 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
G-quadruplexes (G4s) are nucleic secondary structures characterized by G-tetrads. G4 motif stabilization induces DNA damage and cancer cell death; therefore, G4-targeting small molecules are the focus of clinical investigation. DNA destabilization induced by G4 ligands might potentiate the anticancer activity of agents targeting DNA or inhibiting its repair such as oncolytic viruses. This study represents the first approach combining G4 ligands, BRACO-19 (B19), pyridostatin (PDS), and the adenovirus dl922-947 in breast cancer cells. We demonstrated that G4 binders and dl922-947 induce cytotoxicity in breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7) and at higher doses in other neoplastic cell lines of thyroid (BHT-101 cells) and prostate (PC3 cells). G4 binders induce G4 motifs distributed in the S and G2/M phases in MCF-7 cells. G4 binder/dl922-947 combination increases cell cytotoxicity and the accumulation in subG0/G1. Indeed, G4 binders favor viral entry and replication with no effect on coxsackie and adenovirus receptor. Notably, dl922-947 induces G4 motifs and its combination with PDS potentiates this effect in MCF-7 cells. The agents alone or in combination similarly enhanced cell senescence. Additionally, PDS/dl922-947 combination inactivates STING signaling in MDA-MB-231 cells. Our results suggest that G4 binder/virotherapy combination may represent a novel therapeutic anticancer approach.
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Towards an Improvement of Anticancer Activity of Benzyl Adenosine Analogs. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237146. [PMID: 34885721 PMCID: PMC8658949 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-Isopentenyladenosine (i6A) is a naturally occurring modified nucleoside displaying in vitro and in vivo antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic properties. In our previous studies, including an in silico inverse virtual screening, NMR experiments and in vitro enzymatic assays, we demonstrated that i6A targeted farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS), a key enzyme involved in the mevalonate (MVA) pathway and prenylation of downstream proteins, which are aberrant in several cancers. Following our interest in the anticancer effects of FPPS inhibition, we developed a panel of i6A derivatives bearing bulky aromatic moieties in the N6 position of adenosine. With the aim of clarifying molecular action of N6-benzyladenosine analogs on the FPPS enzyme inhibition and cellular toxicity and proliferation, herein we report the evaluation of the N6-benzyladenosine derivatives’ (compounds 2a–m) effects on cell viability and proliferation on HCT116, DLD-1 (human) and MC38 (murine) colorectal cancer cells (CRC). We found that compounds 2, 2a and 2c showed a persistent antiproliferative effect on human CRC lines and compound 2f exerted a significant effect in impairing the prenylation of RAS and Rap-1A proteins, confirming that the antitumor activity of 2f was related to the ability to inhibit FPPS activity.
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Amalric A, Bastide A, Attina A, Choquet A, Vialaret J, Lehmann S, David A, Hirtz C. Quantifying RNA modifications by mass spectrometry: a novel source of biomarkers in oncology. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2021; 59:1-18. [PMID: 34473579 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2021.1958743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Despite significant progress in targeted therapies, cancer recurrence remains a major cause of mortality worldwide. Identification of accurate biomarkers, through molecular profiling in healthy and cancer patient samples, will improve diagnosis and promote personalized medicine. While genetic and epigenetic alterations of DNA are currently exploited as cancer biomarkers, their robustness is limited by tumor heterogeneity. Recently, cancer-associated changes in RNA marks have emerged as a promising source of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. RNA epigenetics (also known as epitranscriptomics) is an emerging field in which at least 150 chemical modifications in all types of RNA (mRNA, tRNA, lncRNA, rRNA, and microRNA) have been detected. These modifications fine-tune gene expression in both physiological and pathological processes. A growing number of studies have established links between specific modified nucleoside levels in solid/liquid biopsies, and cancer onset and progression. In this review, we highlight the potential role of epitranscriptomic markers in refining cancer diagnosis and/or prognosis. RNA modification patterns may contain important information for establishing an initial diagnosis, monitoring disease evolution, and predicting response to treatment. Furthermore, recent developments in mass spectrometry allow reliable quantification of RNA marks in solid biopsies and biological fluids. We discuss the great potential of mass spectrometry for identifying epitranscriptomic biomarker signatures in cancer diagnosis. While there are various methods to quantify modified nucleosides, most are unable to detect and quantify more than one type of RNA modification at a time. Mass spectrometry analyses, especially GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS, overcome this limitation and simultaneously detect modified nucleosides by multiple reaction monitoring. Indeed, several groups are currently validating mass spectrometry methods that quantify several nucleosides at one time in liquid biopsies. The challenge now is to exploit these powerful analytical tools to establish epitranscriptomic signatures that should open new perspectives in personalized medicine. This review summarizes the growing clinical field of analysis of RNA modifications and discusses pre-analytical and analytical approaches, focusing in particular on the development of new mass spectrometry tools and their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Amalric
- IGF, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier, IRMB-PPC, INM, CHU Montpellier, INSERM CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Amandine Bastide
- IGF, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Aurore Attina
- University of Montpellier, IRMB-PPC, INM, CHU Montpellier, INSERM CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Armelle Choquet
- IGF, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Jerome Vialaret
- University of Montpellier, IRMB-PPC, INM, CHU Montpellier, INSERM CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvain Lehmann
- University of Montpellier, IRMB-PPC, INM, CHU Montpellier, INSERM CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Alexandre David
- IGF, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier, IRMB-PPC, INM, CHU Montpellier, INSERM CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Hirtz
- University of Montpellier, IRMB-PPC, INM, CHU Montpellier, INSERM CNRS, Montpellier, France
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Adami R, Bottai D. S-adenosylmethionine tRNA modification: unexpected/unsuspected implications of former/new players. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:3018-3027. [PMID: 33061813 PMCID: PMC7545696 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.49302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
S-adenosylmethionine supplies methyl groups to many acceptors, including lipids, proteins, RNA, DNA, and a wide range of small molecules. It acts as the precursor in the biosynthesis of metal ion chelating compounds, such as nicotianamine and phytosiderophores, of the polyamines spermidine and spermine and of some plant hormones. Finally, it is the source of catalytic 5′-deoxyadenosyl radicals. Radical S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) enzymes (RS) represent one of the most abundant groups (more than 100,000) of enzymes, exerting a plethora of biological functions, some of which are still unknown. In this work, we will focus on two RS: CDK5RAP1 and CDKAL1, both of which are involved in tRNA modifications that result in important tRNA folding and stability and in maintaining high translational fidelity. Based on this crucial role, their impairment can be important in the development of different human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Adami
- Department of Health Science University of Milan via A. di Rudinì 8 20142 Milan
| | - Daniele Bottai
- Department of Health Science University of Milan via A. di Rudinì 8 20142 Milan
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7
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Song Z, Lv S, Wu H, Qin L, Cao H, Zhang B, Ren S. Identification of foam cell biomarkers by microarray analysis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2020; 20:211. [PMID: 32375652 PMCID: PMC7201525 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-020-01495-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lipid infiltration and inflammatory response run through the occurrence of atherosclerosis. Differentiation into macrophages and foam cell formation are the key steps of AS. Aim of this study was that the differential gene expression between foam cells and macrophages was analyzed to search the key links of foam cell generation, so as to explore the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and provide targets for the early screening and prevention of coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods The gene expression profiles of GSE9874 were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE9874) on GPL96 [HG-U133A] Affymetrix Human Genome U133. A total of 22,383 genes were analyzed for differentially expression genes (DEGs) by Bayes package. GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis for DEGs were performed using KOBAS 3.0 software (Peking University, Beijing, China). STRING software (STRING 10.0; European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany) was used to analyze the protein-protein interaction (PPI) of DEGs. Results A total of 167 DEGs between macrophages and foam cells were identified. Compared with macrophages, 102 genes were significantly upregulated and 65 genes were significantly downregulated (P < 0.01, fold-change > 1) in foam cells. DEGs were mainly enrich in ‘sterol biosynthetic and metabolic process’, ‘cholesterol metabolic and biosynthetic process’ by GO enrichment analysis. The results of KEGG pathway analysis showed all differential genes are involved in biological processes through 143 KEGG pathways. A PPI network of the DEGs was constructed and 10 outstanding genes of the PPI network was identified by using Cytoscape, which include HMGCR, SREBF2, LDLR, HMGCS1, FDFT1, LPL, DHCR24, SQLE, ABCA1 and FDPS. Conclusion: Lipid metabolism related genes and molecular pathways were the key to the transformation of macrophages into foam cells. Therefore, lipid metabolism disorder is the key to turn macrophages into foam cells, which plays a major role in CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zikai Song
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Shijie Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, Jilin Province FAW General Hospital, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Haidi Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hongyan Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Shuping Ren
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
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8
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Navarra G, Pagano C, Pacelli R, Crescenzi E, Longobardi E, Gazzerro P, Fiore D, Pastorino O, Pentimalli F, Laezza C, Bifulco M. N 6-Isopentenyladenosine Enhances the Radiosensitivity of Glioblastoma Cells by Inhibiting the Homologous Recombination Repair Protein RAD51 Expression. Front Oncol 2020; 9:1498. [PMID: 31993371 PMCID: PMC6971108 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is among the most common malignant brain tumors and has a dismal prognosis due to the poor response to therapeutic regimens such as ionizing radiation and DNA-alkylating agents. In our study, we investigated the radiosensitizing activity of the N6-isopentenyladenosine (iPA), an naturally modified adenosine harboring an isopenenyl moiety, which shows antiproliferative effects on glioblastoma cell lines. We observed that co-treatment with ionizing radiation and iPA at micromolar concentration inhibited colony formation and viability of glioblastoma cell lines but not of non-malignant human cells. The combined treatment significantly attenuated the repair of radiation-induced DNA damage by inhibiting both the expression and irradiation-induced foci formation of RAD51, a key player in the homologous recombination repair process, leading to persistent DNA damage, as reflected by an increase of γ-H2AX foci. The radiosensitizing effect relied also on the inhibition of STAT5a/b activation, which is crucial for RAD51 expression, suggesting that iPA modulates the STAT5a/b-RAD51 axis following exposure to ionizing radiation. Overall, these data suggest that iPA, by acting through RAD51 inhibition at the mechanistic level, could function as a promising radiosensitizing agent and warrants further evaluation in prospective clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Navarra
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Pagano
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Pacelli
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University School of Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | - Elvira Crescenzi
- Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology, Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Elena Longobardi
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Donatella Fiore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Naples, Italy
| | - Olga Pastorino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Pentimalli
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS, Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Laezza
- Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology, Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bifulco
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
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Grimaldi M, Randino R, Ciaglia E, Scrima M, Buonocore M, Stillitano I, Abate M, Covelli V, Tosco A, Gazzerro P, Bifulco M, Rodriquez M, D'Ursi AM. NMR for screening and a biochemical assay: Identification of new FPPS inhibitors exerting anticancer activity. Bioorg Chem 2019; 98:103449. [PMID: 32057422 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS) is a crucial enzyme for the synthesis of isoprenoids and the key target of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs). N-BPs are potent and selective FPPS inhibitors that are used in the treatment of bone-related diseases, but have poor pharmacokinetic properties. Given the key role played by FPPS in many cancer-related pathways and the pharmacokinetic limits of N-BPs, hundreds of molecules have been screened to identify new FPPS inhibitors characterized by improved drug-like properties that are useful for broader therapeutic applications in solid, non-skeletal tumours. We have previously shown that N6-isopentenyladenosine (i6A) and its related compound N6-benzyladenosine (2) exert anti-glioma activity by interfering with the mevalonate pathway and inhibiting FPPS. Here, we report the design and synthesis of a panel of N6-benzyladenosine derivatives (compounds 2a-m) incorporating different chemical moieties on the benzyl ring. Compounds 2a-m show in vitro antiproliferative activity in U87MG glioma cells and, analogous to the bisphosphonate FPPS inhibitors, exhibit immunogenic properties in ex vivo γδ T cells from stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Using saturation transfer difference (STD) and quantitative 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments, we found that 2f, the N6-benzyladenosine analogue that includes a tertbutyl moiety in the para position of the benzyl ring, is endowed with increased FPPS binding and inhibition compared to the parent compounds i6A and 2. N6-benzyladenosine derivatives, characterized by structural features that are significantly different from those of N-BPs, have been confirmed to be promising chemical scaffolds for the development of non N-BP FPPS inhibitors, exerting combined cytotoxic and immunostimulatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Grimaldi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy; Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, V.le J.F. Kennedy 54 - Pad. 20 Mostra d'Oltremare, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Randino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Elena Ciaglia
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Mario Scrima
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Michela Buonocore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Ilaria Stillitano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Mario Abate
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Verdiana Covelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Alessandra Tosco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Patrizia Gazzerro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bifulco
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Pansini, 80131 Naples, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Manuela Rodriquez
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Anna Maria D'Ursi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy.
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Salviati E, Ciaglia E, Sommella E, Montella F, Bertamino A, Ostacolo C, Parrino B, Rubino R, Vecchione C, Puca A, Novellino E, Campiglia P. Immunomodulatory activity of Humulus lupulus bitter acids fraction: Enhancement of natural killer cells function by NKp44 activating receptor stimulation. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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11
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Daudu D, Kisiala A, Werner Ribeiro C, Mélin C, Perrot L, Clastre M, Courdavault V, Papon N, Oudin A, Courtois M, Dugé de Bernonville T, Gaucher M, Degrave A, Lanoue A, Lanotte P, Schouler C, Brisset MN, Emery RN, Pichon O, Carpin S, Giglioli-Guivarc’h N, Crèche J, Besseau S, Glévarec G. Setting-up a fast and reliable cytokinin biosensor based on a plant histidine kinase receptor expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biotechnol 2019; 289:103-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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12
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Seegobin M, Kisiala A, Noble A, Kaplan D, Brunetti C, Emery RJN. Canis familiaris tissues are characterized by different profiles of cytokinins typical of the tRNA degradation pathway. FASEB J 2018; 32:fj201800347. [PMID: 29894666 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Cytokinins (CKs) are a group of phytohormones essential to plant growth and development. The presence of these N6-modified adenine derivatives has also been documented in other groups of organisms, including bacteria, fungi, and insects. Thus far, however, only a single CK, N6-(Δ2-isopentenyl) adenine-9-riboside (iPR), has been identified in mammals. In plants, the nucleotide form of isopentenyladenine [iPR (either mono-, di-, or tri-) phosphate (iPRP)] is the first form of CK synthesized, and it is further modified to produce other CK types. To determine if a similar biosynthesis pathway exists in mammals, we tested for the presence of 27 CKs in a wide selection of canine organs using HPLC electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. Seven forms of CK were detected in the majority of the analyzed samples, including iPR, iPRP, cis-zeatin-9-riboside, cis-zeatin-9-riboside-5' (either mono-, di-, or triphosphate), 2-methylthio-N6-isopentenyladenine, 2-methylthio-N6-isopentenyladenosine, and 2-methylthio-zeatin. Total CK concentrations ranged from 1.96 pmol/g fresh weight (adrenal glands) to 1.40 × 103 pmol/g fresh weight (thyroid). The results of this study provide evidence that mammalian cells, like plant cells, can synthesize and process a diverse set of CKs including cis- and methylthiol-type CKs.-Seegobin, M., Kisiala, A., Noble, A., Kaplan, D., Brunetti, C., Emery, R. J. N. Canis familiaris tissues are characterized by different profiles of cytokinins typical of tRNA degradation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Seegobin
- Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anna Kisiala
- Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - David Kaplan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Craig Brunetti
- Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - R J Neil Emery
- Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Santoro A, Ciaglia E, Nicolin V, Pescatore A, Prota L, Capunzo M, Ursini MV, Nori SL, Bifulco M. The isoprenoid end product N6-isopentenyladenosine reduces inflammatory response through the inhibition of the NFκB and STAT3 pathways in cystic fibrosis cells. Inflamm Res 2017; 67:315-326. [PMID: 29230506 PMCID: PMC5843674 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-017-1123-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective N6-isopentenyladenosine (iPA) is an intermediate of the mevalonate pathway that exhibits various anti-cancer effects. However, studies on its anti-inflammatory activity are scarce and underlying molecular mechanisms are unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the ability of iPA to exert anti-inflammatory effects in the human cystic fibrosis (CF) cell model of exacerbated inflammation. Materials and methods TNFα-stimulated CF cells CuFi-1 and its normal counterpart NuLi-1 were pre-treated with increasing concentrations of iPA and cell viability and proliferation were assessed by MTT and BrdU assays. The effect of iPA on IL-8 and RANTES secretion was determined by ELISA, and the activation and expression of signaling molecules and selenoproteins were studied by Western blot. To assess the direct effect of iPA on NFκB activity, luciferase assay was performed on TNFα-stimulated HEK293/T cells transfected with a NFκB reporter plasmid. Results We demonstrated for the first time that iPA prevents IL-8 and RANTES release in TNFα-stimulated CF cells and this effect is mediated by increasing the expression of the direct NFκB inhibitor IκBα and decreasing the levels of STAT3. Consistent with this, we showed that iPA inhibited TNFα-mediated NFκB activation in HEK/293T cells. Finally, we also found that iPA improved the levels of glutathione peroxidase 1 and thioredoxin reductase 1 only in CF cells suggesting its ability to maintain sufficient expression of these anti-oxidant selenoproteins. Conclusions Our findings indicate that iPA can exert anti-inflammatory activity especially in the cases of excessive inflammatory response as in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Santoro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, "Scuola Medica Salernitana" University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Elena Ciaglia
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, "Scuola Medica Salernitana" University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Vanessa Nicolin
- Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pescatore
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso" CNR, Via P. Castellino, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Prota
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, "Scuola Medica Salernitana" University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Mario Capunzo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, "Scuola Medica Salernitana" University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Matilde V Ursini
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso" CNR, Via P. Castellino, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania L Nori
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, "Scuola Medica Salernitana" University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Bifulco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, "Scuola Medica Salernitana" University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy. .,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Pansini, 80131, Naples, Italy.
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14
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Abate M, Laezza C, Pisanti S, Torelli G, Seneca V, Catapano G, Montella F, Ranieri R, Notarnicola M, Gazzerro P, Bifulco M, Ciaglia E. Deregulated expression and activity of Farnesyl Diphosphate Synthase (FDPS) in Glioblastoma. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14123. [PMID: 29075041 PMCID: PMC5658376 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14495-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), the most aggressive brain cancer, is highly dependent on the mevalonate (MVA) pathway for the synthesis of lipid moieties critical for cell proliferation but the function and regulation of key intermediate enzymes like farnesyl-diphosphate synthase (FDPS), up to now, remained unknown. A deregulated expression and activity of FDPS was the central research idea of the present study. FDPS mRNA, protein and enzyme activity were analyzed in a cohort of stage III-IV glioma patients (N = 49) and primary derived cells. FDPS silencing helped to clarify its function in the maintenance of malignant phenotype. Interestingly, compared to tumor-free peripheral (TFB) brain and normal human astrocytes (NHA), FDPS protein expression and enzyme activity were detected at high degree in tumor mass where a correlation with canonical oncogenic signaling pathways such as STAT3, ERK and AKT was also documented. Further, FDPS knockdown in U87 and GBM primary cells but not in NHA, enhanced apoptosis. With the effort to develop a more refined map of the connectivity between signal transduction pathways and metabolic networks in cancer FDPS as a new candidate metabolic oncogene in glioblastoma, might suggest to further target MVA pathway as valid therapeutic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Abate
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, 84081, Baronissi Salerno, Italy
| | - Chiara Laezza
- Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology, IEOS CNR, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Pansini, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Pisanti
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, 84081, Baronissi Salerno, Italy
| | - Giovanni Torelli
- Neurosurgery Unit A.O. San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d' Aragona - Salerno's School of Medicine Largo Città di Ippocrate, 84131, Salerno, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Seneca
- "G.Rummo" Medical Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Benevento, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Catapano
- "G.Rummo" Medical Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Benevento, Italy
| | - Francesco Montella
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, 84081, Baronissi Salerno, Italy
| | - Roberta Ranieri
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, 84081, Baronissi Salerno, Italy
| | - Maria Notarnicola
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, 70013, Italy
| | - Patrizia Gazzerro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano Salerno, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bifulco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, 84081, Baronissi Salerno, Italy. .,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Pansini, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Elena Ciaglia
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, 84081, Baronissi Salerno, Italy.
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15
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Ranieri R, Ciaglia E, Amodio G, Picardi P, Proto MC, Gazzerro P, Laezza C, Remondelli P, Bifulco M, Pisanti S. N6-isopentenyladenosine dual targeting of AMPK and Rab7 prenylation inhibits melanoma growth through the impairment of autophagic flux. Cell Death Differ 2017; 25:353-367. [PMID: 29027991 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2017.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting the autophagic process is considered a promising therapeutic strategy in cancer since a great number of tumors, including melanoma, show high basal levels of protective autophagy that contributes to tumor progression and chemoresistance. Here, exploiting both in vitro and in vivo approaches, we identified N6-isopentenyladenosine (iPA), an end product of the mevalonate pathway, as a novel autophagy inhibitor with an interesting anti-melanoma activity. iPA, after being phosphorylated by adenosine kinase into 5'-iPA-monophosphate, induces autophagosome accumulation through AMPK activation, measured by increased fluorescent GFP-LC3 puncta and enhanced conversion into the lipidated autophagosome-associated LC3-II. However, at a later stage iPA blocks the autophagic flux monitored by p62 accumulation, Luciferase reporter-based assay for LC3 turnover in living cells and fluorescence of a tandem RFP-GFP-LC3 construct. Impaired autophagic flux is due to the block of autophagosome-lysosome fusion through the defective localization and function of Rab7, whose prenylation is inhibited by iPA, resulting in a net inhibition of autophagy completion that finally leads to melanoma apoptotic cell death. AMPK silencing prevents apoptosis upon iPA treatment, whereas basal autophagosome turnover is still inhibited due to unprenylated Rab7. These results strongly support the advantage of targeting autophagy for therapeutic gain in melanoma and provide the preclinical rational to further investigate the antitumor action of iPA, able to coordinately induce autophagosome accumulation and inhibit the autophagic flux, independently targeting AMPK and Rab7 prenylation. This property may be particularly useful for the selective killing of tumors, like melanoma, that frequently develop chemotherapy resistance due to protective autophagy activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Ranieri
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Elena Ciaglia
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Amodio
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Paola Picardi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | | | | | - Chiara Laezza
- Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology (IEOS), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Remondelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bifulco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Simona Pisanti
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
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16
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Ciaglia E, Laezza C, Abate M, Pisanti S, Ranieri R, D'alessandro A, Picardi P, Gazzerro P, Bifulco M. Recognition by natural killer cells of N6-isopentenyladenosine-treated human glioma cell lines. Int J Cancer 2017; 142:176-190. [PMID: 28884474 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cell stress induced by cytotoxic agents promotes antitumor immune response. Here, we observed that N6-isopentenyladenosine (iPA), an isoprenoid modified adenosine with a well established anticancer activity, was able to induce a significant upregulation of cell surface expression of natural killer (NK) cell activating receptor NK Group 2 member D (NKG2D) ligands on glioma cells in vitro and xenografted in vivo. Specifically suboptimal doses of iPA (0.1 and 1 µM) control the selective upregulation of UL16-binding protein 2 on p53wt-expressing U343MG and that of MICA/B on p53mut-expressing U251MG cells. This event made the glioblastoma cells a potent target for NK cell-mediated recognition through a NKG2D restricted mechanism. p53 siRNA-mediated knock-down and pharmacological inhibition (pifithrin-α), profoundly prevented the iPA action in restoring the immunogenicity of U343MG cells through a mechanism that is dependent upon p53 status of malignancy. Furthermore, accordingly to the preferential recognition of senescent cells by NK cells, we found that iPA treatment was critical for glioma cells entry in premature senescence through the induction of S and G2/M phase arrest. Collectively, our results indicate that behind the well established cytotoxic and antiangiogenic effects, iPA can also display an immune-mediated antitumor activity. The indirect engagement of the innate immune system and its additional activity in primary derived patient's glioma cell model (GBM17 and GBM37), fully increase its translational relevance and led to the exploitation of the isoprenoid pathway for a valid therapeutic intervention in antiglioma research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ciaglia
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, Baronissi Salerno, Italy
| | - Chiara Laezza
- Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology, IEOS CNR, Via Pansini 5, Naples, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Pansini, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Abate
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, Baronissi Salerno, Italy
| | - Simona Pisanti
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, Baronissi Salerno, Italy
| | - Roberta Ranieri
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, Baronissi Salerno, Italy
| | - Alba D'alessandro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano Salerno, Italy
| | - Paola Picardi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano Salerno, Italy.,Axxam Spa OpenZone - via A. Meucci, Bresso, Milano, Italy
| | - Patrizia Gazzerro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano Salerno, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bifulco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, Baronissi Salerno, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Pansini, Naples, Italy
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17
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Ciaglia E, Malfitano AM, Laezza C, Fontana A, Nuzzo G, Cutignano A, Abate M, Pelin M, Sosa S, Bifulco M, Gazzerro P. Immuno-Modulatory and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Dihydrogracilin A, a Terpene Derived from the Marine Sponge Dendrilla membranosa. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081643. [PMID: 28788056 PMCID: PMC5578033 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We assessed the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of 9,11-dihydrogracilin A (DHG), a molecule derived from the Antarctic marine sponge Dendrilla membranosa. We used in vitro and in vivo approaches to establish DHG properties. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and human keratinocytes cell line (HaCaT cells) were used as in vitro system, whereas a model of murine cutaneous irritation was adopted for in vivo studies. We observed that DHG reduces dose dependently the proliferative response and viability of mitogen stimulated PBMC. In addition, DHG induces apoptosis as revealed by AnnexinV staining and downregulates the phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) and extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK) at late time points. These effects were accompanied by down-regulation of interleukin 6 (IL-6) production, slight decrease of IL-10 and no inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) secretion. To assess potential properties of DHG in epidermal inflammation we used HaCaT cells; this compound reduces cell growth, viability and migration. Finally, we adopted for the in vivo study the croton oil-induced ear dermatitis murine model of inflammation. Of note, topical use of DHG significantly decreased mouse ear edema. These results suggest that DHG exerts anti-inflammatory effects and its anti-edema activity in vivo strongly supports its potential therapeutic application in inflammatory cutaneous diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ciaglia
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, 84081 Baronissi Salerno, Italy.
| | - Anna Maria Malfitano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy.
| | - Chiara Laezza
- Department of Biology and Cellular and Molecular Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini, 80131 Naples, Italy.
- Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology, IEOS CNR, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Angelo Fontana
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry-CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80131 Naples; Italy, (A.F.).
| | - Genoveffa Nuzzo
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry-CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80131 Naples; Italy, (A.F.).
| | - Adele Cutignano
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry-CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, 80131 Naples; Italy, (A.F.).
| | - Mario Abate
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, 84081 Baronissi Salerno, Italy.
| | - Marco Pelin
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Silvio Sosa
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Bifulco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, 84081 Baronissi Salerno, Italy.
- CORPOREA-Fondazione Idis-Città della Scienza, via Coroglio 104 e 57, 80124 Naples, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Gazzerro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy.
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18
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Ciaglia E, Grimaldi M, Abate M, Scrima M, Rodriquez M, Laezza C, Ranieri R, Pisanti S, Ciuffreda P, Manera C, Gazzerro P, D'Ursi AM, Bifulco M. The isoprenoid derivative N 6 -benzyladenosine CM223 exerts antitumor effects in glioma patient-derived primary cells through the mevalonate pathway. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:2287-2301. [PMID: 28419419 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE N6 -Isopentenyladenosine (i6A) is a modified nucleoside exerting in vitro and in vivo antiproliferative effects. We previously demonstrated that the actions of i6A correlate with the expression and activity of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS), a key enzyme involved in the mevalonate (MVA) pathway, which is aberrant in brain cancer. To develop new anti-glioma strategies, we tested related compounds exhibiting greater activity than i6A. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We designed and synthesized i6A derivatives characterized by the introduction of diverse chemical moieties in the N6 position of adenosine and tested for their efficacy in U87 cells and in primary glioma cultures, derived from patients. NMR-based structural analysis, molecular docking calculations and siRNA mediated knockdown were used to clarify the molecular basis of their action, targeting FPPS protein. KEY RESULTS CM223, the i6A derivative including a benzyl moiety in N6 position of adenine, showed marked activity in selectively targeting glioma cells, but not normal human astrocytes. This was due to induction of intrinsic pathways of apoptosis and inhibition of proliferation, along with blockade of FPPS-dependent protein prenylation, which counteracted oncogenic signalling mediated by EGF receptors. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS The biological effects together with structural data on interaction of CM223 with FPPS, provided additional evidence for the correlation of the i6A/CM223 antitumor activity with FPPS modulation. Because the MVA pathway is an important promising target, CM223 and its derivatives should be considered interesting active molecules in antiglioma research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ciaglia
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Manuela Grimaldi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Mario Abate
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Mario Scrima
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Manuela Rodriquez
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Chiara Laezza
- Department of Biology and Cellular and Molecular Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Ranieri
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Simona Pisanti
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Pierangela Ciuffreda
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche "Luigi Sacco", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Patrizia Gazzerro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Anna Maria D'Ursi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bifulco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy.,CORPOREA-Fondazione Idis-Città della Scienza, Naples, Italy
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19
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Ciaglia E, Abate M, Laezza C, Pisanti S, Vitale M, Seneca V, Torelli G, Franceschelli S, Catapano G, Gazzerro P, Bifulco M. Antiglioma effects of N6-isopentenyladenosine, an endogenous isoprenoid end product, through the downregulation of epidermal growth factor receptor. Int J Cancer 2016; 140:959-972. [PMID: 27813087 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Malignant gliomas are highly dependent on the isoprenoid pathway for the synthesis of lipid moieties critical for cell proliferation. The isoprenoid derivative N6-isopentenyladenosine (iPA) displays pleiotropic biological effects, including a direct anti-tumor activity in several tumor models. The antiglioma effects of iPA was then explored in U87MG cells both in vitro and grafted in mice and the related molecular mechanism confirmed in primary derived patients' glioma cells. iPA powerfully inhibited tumor cell growth and induced caspase-dependent apoptosis through a mechanism involving a marked accumulation of the pro-apoptotic BIM protein and inhibition of EGFR. Indeed, activating AMPK following conversion into its iPAMP active form, iPA stimulated EGFR phosphorylation and ubiquitination along a proteasome-mediated pathway which was responsible for receptor degradation and its downstream signaling pathways inhibition, including the STAT3, ERK and AKT cascade. The inhibition of AMPK by compound C prevented iPA-mediated phosphorylation of EGFR, known to precede receptor loss. As expected the block of EGFR degradation, by exposure to the proteasome inhibitor MG132, significantly reduced iPA-induced cell death. Given the importance of receptor degradation in iPA-mediated cytotoxicity, we also documented that the EGFR expression levels in a panel of primary glioma cells confers them a high sensitivity to iPA treatment. In conclusion our study provides the first evidence of iPA antiglioma effect. Indeed, as glioma is driven by aberrant signaling of growth factor receptors, particularly the EGFR, iPA, alone or in association with EGFR targeted therapies, might be a promising therapeutic tool to achieve a potent anti-tumoral effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ciaglia
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Mario Abate
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Chiara Laezza
- Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology, IEOS CNR, Naples, Italy.,Department of Biology and Cellular and Molecular Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Pisanti
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Mario Vitale
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Seneca
- Department of Neurosurgery, "G.Rummo" Medical Hospital, Benevento, Italy
| | - Giovanni Torelli
- Department of Neurosurgery, "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona University Hospital", Salerno's School of Medicine, Salerno, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Catapano
- Department of Neurosurgery, "G.Rummo" Medical Hospital, Benevento, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Bifulco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
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Ciaglia E, Torelli G, Pisanti S, Picardi P, D'Alessandro A, Laezza C, Malfitano AM, Fiore D, Pagano Zottola AC, Proto MC, Catapano G, Gazzerro P, Bifulco M. Cannabinoid receptor CB1 regulates STAT3 activity and its expression dictates the responsiveness to SR141716 treatment in human glioma patients' cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:15464-81. [PMID: 26008966 PMCID: PMC4558164 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein we show that a majority of human brain tumor samples and cell lines over-expressed cannabinoid receptor CB1 as compared to normal human astrocytes (NHA), while uniformly expressed low levels of CB2. This finding prompted us to investigate the therapeutic exploitation of CB1 inactivation by SR141716 treatment, with regard to its direct and indirect cell-mediated effects against gliomas. Functional studies, using U251MG glioma cells and primary tumor cell lines derived from glioma patients expressing different levels of CB1, highlighted SR141716 efficacy in inducing apoptosis via G1 phase stasis and block of TGF-β1 secretion through a mechanism that involves STAT3 inhibition. According to the multivariate role of STAT3 in the immune escape too, interestingly SR141716 lead also to the functional and selective expression of MICA/B on the surface of responsive malignant glioma cells, but not on NHA. This makes SR141716 treated-glioma cells potent targets for allogeneic NK cell-mediated recognition through a NKG2D restricted mechanism, thus priming them for NK cell antitumor reactivity. These results indicate that CB1 and STAT3 participate in a new oncogenic network in the complex biology of glioma and their expression levels in patients dictate the efficacy of the CB1 antagonist SR141716 in multimodal glioma destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ciaglia
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Giovanni Torelli
- "G.Rummo" Medical Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Benevento, Italy.,Neurosurgery Unit A.O. San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d' Aragona - Salerno's School of Medicine, Largo Città di Ippocrate, Salerno, Italy
| | - Simona Pisanti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Paola Picardi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Alba D'Alessandro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Chiara Laezza
- Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology, IEOS CNR, Naples, Italy.,Department of Biology and Cellular and Molecular Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Malfitano
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Donatella Fiore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | | | | | - Giuseppe Catapano
- "G.Rummo" Medical Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Benevento, Italy
| | - Patrizia Gazzerro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bifulco
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
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22
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Ulivieri C, Baldari CT. Statins: From cholesterol-lowering drugs to novel immunomodulators for the treatment of Th17-mediated autoimmune diseases. Pharmacol Res 2014; 88:41-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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23
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Scrima M, Lauro G, Grimaldi M, Di Marino S, Tosco A, Picardi P, Gazzerro P, Riccio R, Novellino E, Bifulco M, Bifulco G, D’Ursi AM. Structural Evidence of N6-Isopentenyladenosine As a New Ligand of Farnesyl Pyrophosphate Synthase. J Med Chem 2014; 57:7798-803. [DOI: 10.1021/jm500869x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Scrima
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni
Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Lauro
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni
Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Manuela Grimaldi
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni
Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Sara Di Marino
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessandra Tosco
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni
Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Paola Picardi
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni
Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Patrizia Gazzerro
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni
Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Raffaele Riccio
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni
Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bifulco
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni
Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bifulco
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni
Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Anna Maria D’Ursi
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni
Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
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Ciaglia E, Pisanti S, Picardi P, Laezza C, Sosa S, Tubaro A, Vitale M, Gazzerro P, Malfitano AM, Bifulco M. N6-isopentenyladenosine affects cytotoxic activity and cytokines production by IL-2 activated NK cells and exerts topical anti-inflammatory activity in mice. Pharmacol Res 2014; 89:1-10. [PMID: 25063359 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2014.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
N6-isopentenyladenosine (iPA) is a modified adenosine with an isopentenyl moiety derived from the mevalonate pathway which displays pleiotropic biological effects, including anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic activity. Previous evidence revealed a biphasic effect of iPA on phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocytes, being pro-proliferative at low doses and anti-proliferative at high doses. Analogously, we have recently shown that low iPA concentrations (<1μM) increased the immune response of natural killer (NK) cells against cancer targets. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of iPA at high concentration (10μM) on IL-2-activated NK cells. iPA, inhibited NK cell proliferation and cytotoxicity against their conventional tumor target, human K562 cells. This inhibition was associated with decreased expression and functionality of NK cell activating receptors NKp44 and NKG2D as well as impaired cyto/chemokines secretion (RANTES, MIP-1α, TNF-α and IFN-γ). ERK/MAPK and STAT5 activation in IL-2-activated NK cells were inhibited by iPA. The results obtained in vitro were validated in vivo in the inflammatory murine model of croton oil-induced ear dermatitis. The topical application of iPA significantly reduced mouse ear oedema, thus suggesting anti-inflammatory properties of this molecule. These results show the ability of iPA to exert anti-inflammatory effects both in vitro and in vivo directly targeting NK cells, providing a novel pharmacological tool in those diseases characterized by a deregulated immune-response, such as cancer or inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ciaglia
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy; Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy.
| | - Simona Pisanti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy; Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Paola Picardi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy; Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Chiara Laezza
- Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology, IEOS CNR, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; Department of Biology and Cellular and Molecular Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Silvio Sosa
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Aurelia Tubaro
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Mario Vitale
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Patrizia Gazzerro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Malfitano
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy; Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bifulco
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy; Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy.
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25
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Pisanti S, Picardi P, Ciaglia E, D'Alessandro A, Bifulco M. Novel prospects of statins as therapeutic agents in cancer. Pharmacol Res 2014; 88:84-98. [PMID: 25009097 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2014.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Statins are well known competitive inhibitors of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase enzyme (HMG-CoA reductase), thus traditionally used as cholesterol-lowering agents. In recent years, more and more effects of statins have been revealed. Nowadays alterations of lipid metabolism have been increasingly recognized as a hallmark of cancer cells. Consequently, much attention has been directed toward the potential of statins as therapeutic agents in the oncological field. Accumulated in vitro and in vivo clinical evidence point out the role of statins in a variety of human malignancies, in regulating tumor cell growth and anti-tumor immune response. Herein, we summarize and discuss, in light of the most recent observations, the anti-tumor effects of statins, underpinning the detailed mode of action and looking for their true significance in cancer prevention and treatment, to determine if and in which case statin repositioning could be really justified for neoplastic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Pisanti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Italy; Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Italy.
| | - Paola Picardi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Italy; Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Italy
| | - Elena Ciaglia
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Italy; Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Italy
| | - Alba D'Alessandro
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Italy; Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bifulco
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Italy; Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Italy.
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26
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Pisanti S, Picardi P, Ciaglia E, Margarucci L, Ronca R, Giacomini A, Malfitano AM, Casapullo A, Laezza C, Gazzerro P, Bifulco M. Antiangiogenic effects of N6-isopentenyladenosine, an endogenous isoprenoid end product, mediated by AMPK activation. FASEB J 2013; 28:1132-44. [PMID: 24265487 DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-238238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
N6-isopentenyladenosine (iPA), an end product of the mevalonate pathway with an isopentenyl chain, is already known to exert a suppressor effect against various tumors. In this work, we investigated whether iPA also directly interferes with the angiogenic process, which is fundamental to tumor growth and progression. To this end, using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as a suitable in vitro model of angiogenesis, we evaluated their viability, proliferation, migration, invasion, tube formation in response to iPA, and molecular mechanisms involved. Data were corroborated in mice by using a gel plug assay. iPA dose- and time-dependently inhibited all the neoangiogenesis stages, with an IC50 of 0.98 μM. We demonstrated for the first time, by liquid chromatography-coupled tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), that iPA was monophosphorylated into 5'-iPA-monophosphate (iPAMP) by the adenosine kinase (ADK) inside the cells. iPAMP is the active form that inhibits angiogenesis through the direct activation of AMP-kinase (AMPK). Indeed, all effects were completely reversed by pretreatment with 5-iodotubercidin (5-Itu), an ADK inhibitor. The isoprenoid intermediate isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP), which shares the isopentenyl moiety with iPA, was ineffective in the inhibition of angiogenesis, thus showing that the iPA structure is specific for the observed effects. In conclusion, iPA is a novel AMPK activator and could represent a useful tool for the treatment of diseases where excessive neoangiogenesis is the underlying pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Pisanti
- 2University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy. S.P.,
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