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Ma S, Li X, Wu C, Wulayin K, Li M, Zhou L, Lin S, Hu Z, Tuerxun M, Lin B, Chen L. The potential value of fatty acid binding protein 1 in Chronic HBV-related liver disease progression assessment. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:1214. [PMID: 39468469 PMCID: PMC11520826 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-10114-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 10/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatty acid binding protein 1 (FABP1), a low molecular weight intracellular protein, has been proposed as a potential useful serum biomarker for liver injury. However, limited investigations have been conducted in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related liver disease. OBJECTIVE To investigate the diagnostic potential of FABP1 in disease progression among patients with chronic HBV-related liver disease. METHODS A prospective study was conducted on 293 patients with chronic HBV-related liver diseases, including chronic asymptomatic carrier (ASC), chronic hepatitis B (CHB). FABP1 was measured in serum samples collected at admission and some selected liver biopsies. RESULTS Immunohistochemical analysis revealed abundant cytoplasmic expression of FABP1 in hepatocytes. A significant negative correlation was observed between FABP1 expression and inflammation grades in liver tissue (Spearman's r = -0.355, P = 0.017). However, no statistically significant correlation was found with fibrosis (P > 0.05). Serum FABP1 levels in the case group were significantly higher than in the healthy control (HC) group [median: 804.2 (687.8, 939.2) vs. 709.1 (626.2, 807.8) ng/ml, Z = -5.505, P < 0.001] and showed correlations with alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST); total bilirubin (TBIL); direct bilirubin (DBIL); albumin (ALB), etc. Its levels progressively increased with the advancement from ASC to CHB, with significant differences compared to the HC group (P < 0.001), especially in ASC patients with high HBV DNA (exceeding 106 IU/ml, P = 0.019), HBeAg positive (P = 0.013) and ALT higher than 0.5 times upper limit of normal (ULN)(P = 0.035). Meanwhile, serum FABP1 in CHB patients with higher TBIL(P = 0.005) or the severe CHB were higher (P = 0.002). CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated a significant inverse correlation between FABP1 levels and the severity of inflammation grades in patients with HBV-related liver diseases. Furthermore, elevated serum FABP1 levels were observed in these patients, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for assessing HBV-related liver damage to initiate antiviral therapy. Additionally, further evaluation is required to determine its potential as a biomarker for assessing disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Ma
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, People's Republic of China
- Division of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First People's Hospital of Kashi (Kashgar) Prefecture, Xinjiang, 844000, People's Republic of China
- National Regional Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Kashi Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-Sen University, Xinjiang, 844000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kuerbannisa Wulayin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First People's Hospital of Kashi (Kashgar) Prefecture, Xinjiang, 844000, People's Republic of China
- National Regional Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Kashi Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-Sen University, Xinjiang, 844000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingna Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Shutao Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoxia Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Maimaitiaili Tuerxun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, People's Republic of China.
- National Regional Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Kashi Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-Sen University, Xinjiang, 844000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bingliang Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lubiao Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, People's Republic of China.
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Mak KM, Wu C, Cheng CP. Lipid droplets, the Holy Grail of hepatic stellate cells: In health and hepatic fibrosis. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2022; 306:983-1010. [PMID: 36516055 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are distinct morphological markers of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). They are composed of a core of predominantly retinyl esters and triacylglycerols surrounded by a phospholipid layer; the latter harbors perilipins 2, 3, and 5, which help control LD lipolysis. Electron microscopy distinguishes between Types I and II LDs. Type I LDs are surrounded by acid phosphatase-positive lysosomes, which likely digest LDs. LD count and retinoid concentration are modulated by vitamin A intake. Alcohol consumption depletes hepatic retinoids and HSC LDs, with concomitant transformation of HSCs to fibrogenic myofibroblast-like cells. LD loss and accompanying HSC activation occur in HSC cell culture models. Loss of LDs is a consequence of and not a prerequisite for HSC activation. LDs are endowed with enzymes for synthesizing retinyl esters and triacylglycerols as well as neutral lipases and lysosomal acid lipase for breaking down LDs. HSCs have two distinct metabolic LD pools: an "original" pool in quiescent HSCs and a "new" pool emerging in HSC activation; this two-pool model provides a platform for analyzing LD dynamics in HSC activation. Besides lipolysis, LDs are degraded by lipophagy; however, the coordination between and relative contributions of these two pathways to LD removal are unclear. While induction of autophagy accelerates LD loss in quiescent HSCs and promotes HSC activation, blocking autophagy impairs LD degradation and inhibits HSC activation and fibrosis. This article is a critique of five decades of investigations into the morphology, molecular structure, synthesis, and degradation of LDs associated with HSC activation and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki M Mak
- Department of Medical Education and Center for Anatomy and Functional Morphology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Catherine Wu
- Department of Medical Education and Center for Anatomy and Functional Morphology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Christopher P Cheng
- Department of Medical Education and Center for Anatomy and Functional Morphology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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FGF21 Reduces Lipid Accumulation in Bovine Hepatocytes by Enhancing Lipid Oxidation and Reducing Lipogenesis via AMPK Signaling. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12070939. [PMID: 35405926 PMCID: PMC8996872 DOI: 10.3390/ani12070939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
During the periparturient period, dairy cows suffer drastic metabolic stress because of plasma increased non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) that stem from a negative energy balance. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a hepatokine that activates the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway to maintain intracellular energy balance and tissue integrity via the promotion of catabolism and the inhibition of anabolic regulation. FGF21 treatment caused a 50% reduction in triglyceride (TG) content in liver in dairy cows. However, it is not clear whether FGF21 regulates lipid metabolism in bovine liver. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of FGF21 on lipid metabolism via AMPK signaling in bovine hepatocytes. The hepatocytes isolated from calves were treated with different concentrations of FGF21 or co-treated with AMPK inhibitor (BML-275). Herein, the study showed that FGF21 significantly reduced TG content in a dose–response manner and promoted very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) secretion via an up-regulation of the proteins (ApoB 100, ApoE and MTTP) involved in VLDL secretion. Otherwise, the genes associated with lipid transport (LDLR and CD36) and lipid oxidation (PPARGC1A, ACOX1 and CPT1A), were up-regulated following FGF21 treatment. Moreover, FGF21 treatment inhibited lipogenesis via SREBF1, ACACA, FASN and ACLY inhibition. After being co-treated with the AMPK inhibitor, FGF21-induced changes were reversed in some genes. In conclusion, these results indicate that FGF21 adaptively regulates energy metabolism for a negative impact on lipogenesis, strengthens lipid oxidation, and inhibited lipid transportation via AMPK signaling in bovine hepatocytes. The present data suggest the possibility that FGF21 has potential value in alleviating perinatal metabolic diseases in dairy cows, and specific research in vivo should be studied in more detail.
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Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 1 as a Potential New Serological Marker of Liver Status in Children With Wilson Disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2021; 73:455-462. [PMID: 33908738 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000003128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Wilson disease (WD) is a copper metabolism disorder with toxic copper accumulation in the liver leading to liver steatosis or fibrosis. In vitro studies suggest that fatty acid-binding protein 1 (L-FABP) and lipid droplet-associated protein 5 (PLIN5) may have an impact on both processes, but knowledge about these potential biomarkers is insufficient in the case of WD. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine L-FABP and PLIN5 levels in sera of WD patients in relation to liver steatosis/fibrosis. METHODS The final study involved 74 WD children in whom liver steatosis (WD1 subgroup, n = 28) and fibrosis (WD2 subgroup, n = 13) were assessed with the use of transient elastography. Control groups included WD children without steatosis and fibrosis (WD0 subgroup, n = 33) and healthy children (n = 75). L-FABP and PLIN5 measurements were performed in sera with the use of the immunoenzymatic method. RESULTS L-FABP was significantly higher in the WD2 subgroup, and the correlation between L-FABP concentration and liver fibrosis was confirmed statistically by regression analysis (P = 0.04) with Pearson's coefficient r = 0.24. L-FABP was significantly correlated with alanine aminotransferase (r = 0.42) and aspartate aminotransferase (r = 0.37) activity. PLIN5 concentration was similar in all groups and was not related to steatosis and fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that serum L-FABP could be a novel biomarker of liver fibrosis in WD children.
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Perilipin 5 Ameliorates Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation via SMAD2/3 and SNAIL Signaling Pathways and Suppresses STAT3 Activation. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092184. [PMID: 34571833 PMCID: PMC8467115 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Comprehending the molecular mechanisms underlying hepatic fibrogenesis is essential to the development of treatment. The hallmark of hepatic fibrosis is the development and deposition of excess fibrous connective tissue forcing tissue remodeling. Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) play a major role in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis. Their activation via the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) as a key mediator is considered the crucial event in the pathophysiology of hepatic fibrogenesis. It has been shown that Perilipin 5 (PLIN5), known as a lipid droplet structural protein that is highly expressed in oxidative tissue, can inhibit such activation through various mechanisms associated with lipid metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the possible influence of PLIN5 on TGF-β1 signaling. Our findings confirm the importance of PLIN5 in maintaining HSC quiescence in vivo and in vitro. PLIN5 overexpression suppresses the TGF-β1-SMAD2/3 and SNAIL signaling pathways as well as the activation of the signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3). These findings derived from experiments in hepatic cell lines LX-2 and Col-GFP, in which overexpression of PLIN5 was able to downregulate the signaling pathways SMAD2/3 and SNAIL activated previously by TGF-β1 treatment. Furthermore, TGF-β1-mediatedinduction of extracellular matrix proteins, such as collagen type I (COL1), Fibronectin, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), was suppressed by PLIN5. Moreover, STAT3, which is interrelated with TGF-β1 was already basally activated in the cell lines and inhibited by PLIN5 overexpression, leading to a further reduction in HSC activity shown by lowered α-SMA expression. This extension of the intervening mechanisms presents PLIN5 as a potent and pleiotropic target in HSC activation.
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Mitochondrial Lipid Homeostasis at the Crossroads of Liver and Heart Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136949. [PMID: 34203309 PMCID: PMC8268967 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of NAFLD (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) is a rapidly increasing problem, affecting a huge population around the globe. However, CVDs (cardiovascular diseases) are the most common cause of mortality in NAFLD patients. Atherogenic dyslipidemia, characterized by plasma hypertriglyceridemia, increased small dense LDL (low-density lipoprotein) particles, and decreased HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) levels, is often observed in NAFLD patients. In this review, we summarize recent genetic evidence, proving the diverse nature of metabolic pathways involved in NAFLD pathogenesis. Analysis of available genetic data suggests that the altered operation of fatty-acid β-oxidation in liver mitochondria is the key process, connecting NAFLD-mediated dyslipidemia and elevated CVD risk. In addition, we discuss several NAFLD-associated genes with documented anti-atherosclerotic or cardioprotective effects, and current pharmaceutical strategies focused on both NAFLD treatment and reduction of CVD risk.
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Wu X, Shu L, Zhang Z, Li J, Zong J, Cheong LY, Ye D, Lam KSL, Song E, Wang C, Xu A, Hoo RLC. Adipocyte Fatty Acid Binding Protein Promotes the Onset and Progression of Liver Fibrosis via Mediating the Crosstalk between Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells and Hepatic Stellate Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2003721. [PMID: 34105268 PMCID: PMC8188197 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202003721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Development of liver fibrosis results in drastic changes in the liver microenvironment, which in turn accelerates disease progression. Although the pathological function of various hepatic cells in fibrogenesis is identified, the crosstalk between them remains obscure. The present study demonstrates that hepatic expression of adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (A-FABP) is induced especially in the liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) in mice after bile duct ligation (BDL). Genetic ablation and pharmacological inhibition of A-FABP attenuate BDL- or carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in mice associating with reduced collagen accumulation, LSEC capillarization, and hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation. Mechanistically, elevated A-FABP promotes LSEC capillarization by activating Hedgehog signaling, thus impairs the gatekeeper function of LSEC on HSC activation. LSEC-derived A-FABP also acts on HSCs in paracrine manner to potentiate the transactivation of transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) by activating c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/c-Jun signaling. Elevated TGFβ1 subsequently exaggerates liver fibrosis. These findings uncover a novel pathological mechanism of liver fibrosis in which LSEC-derived A-FABP is a key regulator modulating the onset and progression of the disease. Targeting A-FABP may represent a potential approach against liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyLKS Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacyLKS Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China
| | - Lingling Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyLKS Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China
- Department of MedicineLKS Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510060China
| | - Zixuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyLKS Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacyLKS Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacyLKS Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China
| | - Jiuyu Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyLKS Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacyLKS Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China
| | - Lai Yee Cheong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyLKS Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China
- Department of MedicineLKS Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China
| | - Dewei Ye
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong and Hong Kong on Metabolic DiseasesGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhou510000China
| | - Karen S. L. Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyLKS Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China
- Department of MedicineLKS Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China
| | - Erfei Song
- Department of Metabolic and Bariatric SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510630China
| | - Cunchuan Wang
- Department of Metabolic and Bariatric SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510630China
| | - Aimin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyLKS Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacyLKS Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China
- Department of MedicineLKS Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China
| | - Ruby L. C. Hoo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyLKS Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacyLKS Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China
- HKU‐Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU‐SIRI)Shenzhen518057China
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Eguchi A, Iwasa M. The Role of Elevated Liver-Type Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins in Liver Diseases. Pharm Res 2021; 38:89-95. [PMID: 33534129 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-021-02998-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) is mainly expressed in the liver as well as the proximal tubular epithelial cells in the kidney. In general, the proteins and enzymes existing within the hepatocytes have the potential to become biomarkers, for instance alanine aminotransferase, which reflects hepatocellular damage. However, due to reduced hepatocellular function in late stage of chronic liver diseases (e.g. cirrhosis), proteins and enzymes relating to hepatocellular damage are not always accurate measures of disease progression. Recently, several publications have demonstrated elevated serum L-FABP levels during the progression of human liver diseases, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and were a prognostic factor for survival in acute and chronic liver disease patients. However, the study regarding serum L-FABP levels and hepatic L-FABP expression in liver diseases is not sufficient to understand the molecular mechanism of L-FABP during the progression of these disease states. In this review, we focus on the use of serum and/or hepatic L-FABP expression as a biomarker in human liver diseases, including mechanistic potential in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan.
- JST, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan.
| | - Motoh Iwasa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
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Abstract
Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are resident non-parenchymal liver pericytes whose plasticity enables them to regulate a remarkable range of physiologic and pathologic responses. To support their functions in health and disease, HSCs engage pathways regulating carbohydrate, mitochondrial, lipid, and retinoid homeostasis. In chronic liver injury, HSCs drive hepatic fibrosis and are implicated in inflammation and cancer. To do so, the cells activate, or transdifferentiate, from a quiescent state into proliferative, motile myofibroblasts that secrete extracellular matrix, which demands rapid adaptation to meet a heightened energy need. Adaptations include reprogramming of central carbon metabolism, enhanced mitochondrial number and activity, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and liberation of free fatty acids through autophagy-dependent hydrolysis of retinyl esters that are stored in cytoplasmic droplets. As an archetype for pericytes in other tissues, recognition of the HSC's metabolic drivers and vulnerabilities offer the potential to target these pathways therapeutically to enhance parenchymal growth and modulate repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parth Trivedi
- Division of Liver Diseases, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Shuang Wang
- Division of Liver Diseases, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Scott L Friedman
- Division of Liver Diseases, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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Yan C, Guo H, Ding Q, Shao Y, Kang D, Yu T, Li C, Huang H, Du Y, Wang H, Hu K, Xie L, Wang G, Liang Y. Multiomics Profiling Reveals Protective Function of Schisandra Lignans against Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Drug Metab Dispos 2020; 48:1092-1103. [PMID: 32719086 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.120.000083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The action principles of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) feature multiactive components, multitarget sites, and weak combination with action targets. In the present study, we performed an integrated analysis of metabonomics, proteomics, and lipidomics to establish a scientific research system on the underlying mechanism of TCMs, and Schisandra lignan extract (SLE) was selected as a model TCM. In metabonomics, several metabolic pathways were found to mediate the liver injury induced by acetaminophen (APAP), and SLE could regulate the disorder of lipid metabolism. The proteomic study further proved that the hepatoprotective effect of SLE was closely related to the regulation of lipid metabolism. Indeed, the results of lipidomics demonstrated that SLE dosing has an obvious callback effect on APAP-induced lipidic profile shift. The contents of 25 diglycerides (DAGs) and 21 triglycerides (TAGs) were enhanced significantly by APAP-induced liver injury, which could further induce liver injury and inflammatory response by upregulating protein kinase C (PKCβ, PKCγ, PKCδ, and PKCθ). The upregulated lipids and PKCs could be reversed to the normal level by SLE dosing. More importantly, phosphatidic acid phosphatase, fatty acid transport protein 5, and diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 were proved to be positively associated with the regulation of DAGs and TAGs. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Integrated multiomics was first used to reveal the mechanism of APAP-induced acute liver failure (ALF) and the hepatoprotective role of SLE. The results showed that the ALF caused by APAP was closely related to lipid regulation and that SLE dosing could exert a hepatoprotective role by reducing intrahepatic diglyceride and triglyceride levels. Our research can not only promote the application of multicomponent technology in the study of the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicines but also provide an effective approach for the prevention and treatment of ALF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Yan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China (C.Y., H.G., Y.S., D.K., T.Y., C.L., H.H., Y.D., H.W., K.H., L.X., G.W., Y.L.) and Department of Geriatric Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu People's Hospital), Nanjing, P.R. China (Q.D.)
| | - Huimin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China (C.Y., H.G., Y.S., D.K., T.Y., C.L., H.H., Y.D., H.W., K.H., L.X., G.W., Y.L.) and Department of Geriatric Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu People's Hospital), Nanjing, P.R. China (Q.D.)
| | - Qingqing Ding
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China (C.Y., H.G., Y.S., D.K., T.Y., C.L., H.H., Y.D., H.W., K.H., L.X., G.W., Y.L.) and Department of Geriatric Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu People's Hospital), Nanjing, P.R. China (Q.D.)
| | - Yuhao Shao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China (C.Y., H.G., Y.S., D.K., T.Y., C.L., H.H., Y.D., H.W., K.H., L.X., G.W., Y.L.) and Department of Geriatric Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu People's Hospital), Nanjing, P.R. China (Q.D.)
| | - Dian Kang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China (C.Y., H.G., Y.S., D.K., T.Y., C.L., H.H., Y.D., H.W., K.H., L.X., G.W., Y.L.) and Department of Geriatric Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu People's Hospital), Nanjing, P.R. China (Q.D.)
| | - Tengjie Yu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China (C.Y., H.G., Y.S., D.K., T.Y., C.L., H.H., Y.D., H.W., K.H., L.X., G.W., Y.L.) and Department of Geriatric Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu People's Hospital), Nanjing, P.R. China (Q.D.)
| | - Changjian Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China (C.Y., H.G., Y.S., D.K., T.Y., C.L., H.H., Y.D., H.W., K.H., L.X., G.W., Y.L.) and Department of Geriatric Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu People's Hospital), Nanjing, P.R. China (Q.D.)
| | - Haoran Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China (C.Y., H.G., Y.S., D.K., T.Y., C.L., H.H., Y.D., H.W., K.H., L.X., G.W., Y.L.) and Department of Geriatric Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu People's Hospital), Nanjing, P.R. China (Q.D.)
| | - Yisha Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China (C.Y., H.G., Y.S., D.K., T.Y., C.L., H.H., Y.D., H.W., K.H., L.X., G.W., Y.L.) and Department of Geriatric Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu People's Hospital), Nanjing, P.R. China (Q.D.)
| | - He Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China (C.Y., H.G., Y.S., D.K., T.Y., C.L., H.H., Y.D., H.W., K.H., L.X., G.W., Y.L.) and Department of Geriatric Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu People's Hospital), Nanjing, P.R. China (Q.D.)
| | - Kangrui Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China (C.Y., H.G., Y.S., D.K., T.Y., C.L., H.H., Y.D., H.W., K.H., L.X., G.W., Y.L.) and Department of Geriatric Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu People's Hospital), Nanjing, P.R. China (Q.D.)
| | - Lin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China (C.Y., H.G., Y.S., D.K., T.Y., C.L., H.H., Y.D., H.W., K.H., L.X., G.W., Y.L.) and Department of Geriatric Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu People's Hospital), Nanjing, P.R. China (Q.D.)
| | - Guangji Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China (C.Y., H.G., Y.S., D.K., T.Y., C.L., H.H., Y.D., H.W., K.H., L.X., G.W., Y.L.) and Department of Geriatric Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu People's Hospital), Nanjing, P.R. China (Q.D.)
| | - Yan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China (C.Y., H.G., Y.S., D.K., T.Y., C.L., H.H., Y.D., H.W., K.H., L.X., G.W., Y.L.) and Department of Geriatric Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu People's Hospital), Nanjing, P.R. China (Q.D.)
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11
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The biology of lipid droplet-bound mitochondria. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 108:55-64. [PMID: 32446655 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Proper regulation of cellular lipid storage and oxidation is indispensable for the maintenance of cellular energy homeostasis and health. Mitochondrial function has been shown to be a main determinant of functional lipid storage and oxidation, which is of particular interest for the adipose tissue, as it is the main site of triacylglyceride storage in lipid droplets (LDs). Recent studies have identified a subpopulation of mitochondria attached to LDs, peridroplet mitochondria (PDM) that can be separated from cytoplasmic mitochondria (CM) by centrifugation. PDM have distinct bioenergetics, proteome, cristae organization and dynamics that support LD build-up, however their role in adipose tissue biology remains largely unexplored. Therefore, understanding the molecular basis of LD homeostasis and their relationship to mitochondrial function and attachment in adipocytes is of major importance.
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12
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Lu YC, Chang CC, Wang CP, Hung WC, Tsai IT, Tang WH, Wu CC, Wei CT, Chung FM, Lee YJ, Hsu CC. Circulating fatty acid-binding protein 1 (FABP1) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:182-190. [PMID: 32038102 PMCID: PMC6990891 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.40417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Fatty acid-binding protein 1 (FABP1) (also known as liver-type fatty acid-binding protein or LFABP) is a protein that is mainly expressed in the liver, and is associated with hepatocyte injury in acute transplant rejection. Reduced levels of FABP1 in mice livers have been shown to be effective against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this study, we investigated the association between plasma FABP1 levels and NAFLD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: We enrolled 267 T2DM patients. Clinical and biochemical parameters were measured. The severity of NAFLD was assessed by ultrasound. FABP1 levels were determined using by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results: FABP1 levels were higher in patients with overt NAFLD, defined as more than a moderate degree of fatty liver compared to those without NAFLD. Age- and sex-adjusted analysis of FABP1 showed positive associations with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, homeostasis model assessment estimate of β-cell function, creatinine, and fatty liver index, but showed negative associations with albumin and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The odds ratio (OR) for the risk of overt NAFLD with increasing levels of sex-specific FABP1 was significantly increased (OR 2.63 [95% CI 1.30-5.73] vs. 4.94 [2.25-11.48]). The OR in the second and third tertiles of FABP1 remained significant after adjustments for BMI, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HbA1C, homeostasis model assessment estimate of insulin resistance, white blood cell count, hepatic enzymes, and eGFR. Conclusion: Our results indicate that FABP1 may play a role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Chuan Lu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chang Chang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, E-Da Dachang Hospital, Kaohsiung 80794 Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ping Wang
- Division of Cardiology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chin Hung
- Division of Cardiology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan.,The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - I-Ting Tsai
- Departmen of Emergency, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hua Tang
- Lee's Endocrinology Clinic, Pingtung, 90000 Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ching Wu
- Division of Cardiology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan.,The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445 Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ting Wei
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Fu-Mei Chung
- Division of Cardiology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | | | - Chia-Chang Hsu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan.,The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan.,Health Examination Center, E-Da Dachang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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13
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Khomich O, Ivanov AV, Bartosch B. Metabolic Hallmarks of Hepatic Stellate Cells in Liver Fibrosis. Cells 2019; 9:24. [PMID: 31861818 PMCID: PMC7016711 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a regenerative process that occurs after injury. It is characterized by the deposition of connective tissue by specialized fibroblasts and concomitant proliferative responses. Chronic damage that stimulates fibrogenic processes in the long-term may result in the deposition of excess matrix tissue and impairment of liver functions. End-stage fibrosis is referred to as cirrhosis and predisposes strongly to the loss of liver functions (decompensation) and hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver fibrosis is a pathology common to a number of different chronic liver diseases, including alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and viral hepatitis. The predominant cell type responsible for fibrogenesis is hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). In response to inflammatory stimuli or hepatocyte death, HSCs undergo trans-differentiation to myofibroblast-like cells. Recent evidence shows that metabolic alterations in HSCs are important for the trans-differentiation process and thus offer new possibilities for therapeutic interventions. The aim of this review is to summarize current knowledge of the metabolic changes that occur during HSC activation with a particular focus on the retinol and lipid metabolism, the central carbon metabolism, and associated redox or stress-related signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Khomich
- INSERM, U1052, Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL), Université de Lyon (UCBL1), CNRS UMR_5286, Centre Léon Bérard, CEDEX 03, 69424 Lyon, France;
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander V. Ivanov
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Birke Bartosch
- INSERM, U1052, Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL), Université de Lyon (UCBL1), CNRS UMR_5286, Centre Léon Bérard, CEDEX 03, 69424 Lyon, France;
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14
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Xu H, Diolintzi A, Storch J. Fatty acid-binding proteins: functional understanding and diagnostic implications. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2019; 22:407-412. [PMID: 31503024 PMCID: PMC9940447 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) are a family of small, abundant proteins with highly tissue-specific expression patterns whose different functions remain incompletely understood. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent findings regarding FABP functions and mechanisms of action, including their potential utilization as serum markers of tissue-specific metabolic diseases. RECENT FINDINGS FABPs are important not only in their tissues of origin but also appear to influence the metabolism and function of tissues distal to their sites of expression. This may be secondary to metabolic changes in their primary tissues, and/or a result of FABP secretion from these tissues leading to effects on distal sites. Their levels in the circulation are increasingly explored as potential biomarkers for tissue-specific disease prognosis and progression. SUMMARY The nine fatty acid-binding members of the FABP family have unique tissue-specific functions and important secondary effects on tissues in which they are not expressed. For many of the FABPs, circulating levels may be indicative of disease processes related to their primary tissues, and may influence physiological function in distal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heli Xu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick,
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey, USA
| | - Anastasia Diolintzi
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, New Jersey, USA
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey, USA
| | - Judith Storch
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick,
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey, USA
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15
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Eguchi A, Hasegawa H, Iwasa M, Tamai Y, Ohata K, Oikawa T, Sugaya T, Takei Y. Serum Liver-Type Fatty Acid-Binding Protein Is a Possible Prognostic Factor in Human Chronic Liver Diseases From Chronic Hepatitis to Liver Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Hepatol Commun 2019; 3:825-837. [PMID: 31168516 PMCID: PMC6545868 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver‐type fatty acid–binding protein (L‐FABP) is a key regulator of fatty acid metabolism, but serum L‐FABP levels are not well investigated in chronic liver diseases. We aimed to elucidate the prognostic ability of serum L‐FABP in human chronic liver diseases and compare it with the albumin‐bilirubin (ALBI) score. In 242 chronic liver disease patients, including chronic hepatitis (CH, n = 100), liver cirrhosis (LC, n = 142), and presence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, n = 144), serum L‐FABP levels were correlated with liver function (P < 0.0001), increased in LC compared with CH (P < 0.01), and correlated to ALBI score (P < 0.0001). Serum L‐FABP levels were increased in the presence of HCC (P < 0.0001), correlating to des‐gamma‐carboxy prothrombin (P < 0.0001), alpha‐fetoprotein (P = 0.009), and Barcelona‐Clinic Liver Cancer stage. In the average follow‐up period of 1,054 days, serum L‐FABP levels were elevated (P < 0.0001) in patients who eventually died. The area under the curve (AUC) of serum L‐FABP (0.764) was higher than that of ALB (0.709), and the patients with serum L‐FABP ≤ 6.8 ng/mL had significantly longer rates of survival (P < 0.0001). Serum L‐FABP (hazard ratio [HR] 4.0; P < 0.001), HCC (HR 3.7; P = 0.001), ALBI score (HR 2.7; P < 0.001), and age (HR 1.0; P = 0.049) were independent predictors of survival. In the subgroup who maintained liver function, the AUC of serum L‐FABP (0.751) was higher than that of ALB (0.643). In this subgroup, serum L‐FABP (HR 4.4; P = 0.002) and HCC (HR 13.9; P < 0.001) were independent predictors of survival. Conclusion: Serum L‐FABP is a possible predictor of survival in chronic liver diseases from CH to LC and HCC, including any subgroup that maintains liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine Mie University Mie Japan.,Japan Science and Technology Agency, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology Saitama Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hasegawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine Mie University Mie Japan
| | - Motoh Iwasa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine Mie University Mie Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Tamai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine Mie University Mie Japan
| | | | | | | | - Yoshiyuki Takei
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine Mie University Mie Japan
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16
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Newberry EP, Xie Y, Lodeiro C, Solis R, Moritz W, Kennedy S, Barron L, Onufer E, Alpini G, Zhou T, Blaner WS, Chen A, Davidson NO. Hepatocyte and stellate cell deletion of liver fatty acid binding protein reveals distinct roles in fibrogenic injury. FASEB J 2019; 33:4610-4625. [PMID: 30576225 PMCID: PMC6404585 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801976r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Liver fatty acid binding protein (L-Fabp) modulates lipid trafficking in enterocytes, hepatocytes, and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). We examined hepatocyte vs. HSC L-Fabp deletion in hepatic metabolic adaptation and fibrotic injury. Floxed L-Fabp mice were bred to different transgenic Cre mice or injected with adeno-associated virus type 8 (AAV8) Cre and fed diets to promote steatosis and fibrosis or were subjected to either bile duct ligation or CCl4 injury. Albumin-Cre-mediated L-Fabp deletion revealed recombination in hepatocytes and HSCs; these findings were confirmed with 2 other floxed alleles. Glial fibrillary acid protein-Cre and platelet-derived growth factor receptor β-Cre-mediated L-Fabp deletion demonstrated recombination only in HSCs. Mice with albumin promoter-driven Cre recombinase (Alb-Cre)-mediated or AAV8-mediated L-Fabp deletion were protected against food withdrawal-induced steatosis. Mice with Alb-Cre-mediated L-Fabp deletion were protected against high saturated fat-induced steatosis and fibrosis, phenocopying germline L-Fabp-/- mice. Mice with HSC-specific L-Fabp deletion exhibited retinyl ester depletion yet demonstrated no alterations in fibrosis. On the other hand, fibrogenic resolution after CCl4 administration was impaired in mice with Alb-Cre-mediated L-Fabp deletion. These findings suggest cell type-specific roles for L-Fabp in mitigating hepatic steatosis and in modulating fibrogenic injury and reversal.-Newberry, E. P., Xie, Y., Lodeiro, C., Solis, R., Moritz, W., Kennedy, S., Barron, L., Onufer, E., Alpini, G., Zhou, T., Blaner, W. S., Chen, A., Davidson, N. O. Hepatocyte and stellate cell deletion of liver fatty acid binding protein reveal distinct roles in fibrogenic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth P. Newberry
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Yan Xie
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Carlos Lodeiro
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Roberto Solis
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - William Moritz
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Susan Kennedy
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Lauren Barron
- Pediatric Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Emily Onufer
- Pediatric Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Gianfranco Alpini
- Department of Medical Physiology and Internal Medicine, Texas A&M University, Temple, Texas, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas A&M University, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Tianhao Zhou
- Department of Medical Physiology and Internal Medicine, Texas A&M University, Temple, Texas, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas A&M University, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - William S. Blaner
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA; and
| | - Anping Chen
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Nicholas O. Davidson
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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17
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c-Met Signaling Protects from Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis- (NASH-) Induced Fibrosis in Different Liver Cell Types. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:6957497. [PMID: 30538805 PMCID: PMC6260421 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6957497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the most common chronic, progressive liver disease in Western countries. The significance of cellular interactions of the HGF/c-Met axis in different liver cell subtypes and its relation to the oxidative stress response remains unclear so far. Hence, the present study is aimed at investigating the role of c-Met and the interaction with the oxidative stress response during NASH development in mice and humans. Conditional c-Met knockout (KO) lines (LysCre for Kupffer cells/macrophages, GFAPCre for α-SMA+ and CK19+ cells and MxCre for bone marrow-derived immune cells) were fed chow and either methionine-choline-deficient diet (MCD) for 4 weeks or high-fat diet (HFD) for 24 weeks. Mice lacking c-Met either in Kupffer cells, α-SMA+ and CK19+ cells, or bone marrow-derived immune cells displayed earlier and faster progressing steatohepatitis during dietary treatments. Severe fatty liver degeneration and histomorphological changes were accompanied by an increased infiltration of immune cells and a significant upregulation of inflammatory cytokine expression reflecting an earlier initiation of steatohepatitis development. In addition, animals with a cell-type-specific deletion of c-Met exhibited a strong generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by dihydroethidium (hydroethidine) (DHE) staining showing a significant increase in the oxidative stress response especially in LysCre/c-Metmut and MxCre/c-Metmut animals. All these changes finally lead to earlier and stronger fibrosis progression with strong accumulation of collagen within liver tissue of mice deficient for c-Met in different liver cell types. The HGF/c-Met signaling pathway prevents from steatosis development and has a protective function in the progression to steatohepatitis and fibrosis. It conveys an antifibrotic role independent on which cell type c-Met is missing (Kupffer cells/macrophages, α-SMA+ and CK19+ cells, or bone marrow-derived immune cells). These results highlight a global protective capacity of c-Met in NASH development and progression.
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