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Elster C, Ommer-Bläsius M, Lang A, Vajen T, Pfeiler S, Feige M, Yau Pang T, Böttenberg M, Verheyen S, Lê Quý K, Chernigovskaya M, Kelm M, Winkels H, Schmidt SV, Greiff V, Gerdes N. Application and challenges of TCR and BCR sequencing to investigate T- and B-cell clonality in elastase-induced experimental murine abdominal aortic aneurysm. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1221620. [PMID: 38034381 PMCID: PMC10686233 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1221620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a life-threatening cardiovascular disease. Although its pathogenesis is still poorly understood, recent evidence suggests that AAA displays autoimmune disease characteristics. Particularly, T cells responding to AAA-related antigens in the aortic wall may contribute to an initial immune response. Single-cell RNA (scRNA) T cell receptor (TCR) and B cell receptor (BCR) sequencing is a powerful tool for investigating clonality. However, difficulties such as limited numbers of isolated cells must be considered during implementation and data analysis, making biological interpretation challenging. Here, we perform a representative single-cell immune repertoire analysis in experimental murine AAA and show a reliable bioinformatic processing pipeline highlighting opportunities and limitations of this approach. Methods We performed scRNA TCR and BCR sequencing of isolated lymphocytes from the infrarenal aorta of male C57BL/6J mice 3, 7, 14, and 28 days after AAA induction via elastase perfusion of the aorta. Sham-operated mice at days 3 and 28 and non-operated mice served as controls. Results Comparison of complementarity-determining region (CDR3) length distribution of 179 B cells and 796 T cells revealed neither differences between AAA and control nor between the disease stages. We found no clonal expansion of B cells in AAA. For T cells, we identified several clones in 11 of 16 AAA samples and one of eight control samples. Immune receptor repertoire comparison indicated that only a few clones were shared between the individual AAA samples. The most frequently used V-genes in the TCR beta chain in AAA were TRBV3, TRBV19, and the splicing variant TRBV12-2 + TRBV13-2. Conclusion We found no clonal expansion of B cells but evidence for clonal expansion of T cells in elastase-induced AAA in mice. Our findings imply that a more precise characterization of TCR and BCR distribution requires a more extensive number of lymphocytes to prevent undersampling and potentially detect rare clones. Thus, further experiments are necessary to confirm our findings. In summary, this paper examines TCR and BCR sequencing results, identifies limitations and pitfalls, and offers guidance for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin Elster
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Miriam Ommer-Bläsius
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Lang
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tanja Vajen
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Susanne Pfeiler
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Milena Feige
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tin Yau Pang
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Biology, Institute for Computer Science, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marius Böttenberg
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sarah Verheyen
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Khang Lê Quý
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maria Chernigovskaya
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Malte Kelm
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Holger Winkels
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Susanne V. Schmidt
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Victor Greiff
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Norbert Gerdes
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Ling S, You Z, Li Y, Zhang J, Zhao S, He Y, Chen X. The role of γδ T17 cells in cardiovascular disease. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 112:1649-1661. [PMID: 36073777 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mr0822-761rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the ability of γδ T cells to bridge adaptive and innate immunity, γδ T cells can respond to a variety of molecular cues and acquire the ability to induce a variety of cytokines such as IL-17 family, IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-10. IL-17+ γδ T cells (γδ T17 cells) populations have recently received considerable interest as they are the major early source of IL-17A in many immune response models. However, the exact mechanism of γδ T17 cells is still poorly understood, especially in the context of cardiovascular disease (CVD). CVD is the leading cause of death in the world, and it tends to be younger. Here, we offer a review of the cardiovascular inflammatory and immune functions of γδ T17 cells in order to understand their role in CVD, which may be the key to developing new clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoxue Ling
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Zonghao You
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Shuwu Zhao
- School of Intergrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yongzhi He
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Xi Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin, 301617, China
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3
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Lu S, White JV, Nwaneshiudu I, Nwaneshiudu A, Monos DS, Solomides CC, Oleszak EL, Platsoucas CD. Human abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA): Evidence for an autoimmune antigen-driven disease. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2022; 21:103164. [PMID: 35926768 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2022.103164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurism (AAA) is a complex immunological disease with a strong genetic component, and one of the ten leading causes of death of individuals 55-74 years old worldwide. Strong evidence has been accumulated suggesting that AAA is an autoimmune specific antigen-driven disease. Mononuclear cells infiltrating AAA lesions comprised of T and B lymphocytes and other cells expressing early-, intermediate- and late-activation antigens, and the presence of antigen-presenting cells have been documented, demonstrating an ongoing immune response. The three components of the trimolecular complex, T-cell receptor (TCR)/peptide (antigen)/HLA have been identified in AAA, and specifically: (i) clonal expansions of T-cell clones in AAA lesions; (ii) the association of AAA with particular HLA Class I and Class II; and (iii) self or nonself putative AAA-associated antigens. IgG autoantibodies recognizing proteins present in normal aortic tissue have been reported in patients with AAA. Molecular mimicry, defined as the sharing of antigenic epitopes between microorganisms (bacteria, viruses) and self antigens, maybe is responsible for T-cell responses and antibody production in AAA. Also, the frequency and the suppressor activity of CD4 + CD25 + FOXP3+ Tregs and the expression of FOXP3 transcripts and protein have been reported to be significantly impaired in AAA patients vs normal donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Lu
- Mon Health Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - John V White
- Department of Surgery, Advocate Lutheran General Hospital & University of Illinois School of Medicine, Park Ridge, IL, USA
| | - Ifeyinwa Nwaneshiudu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Adaobi Nwaneshiudu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Cutis Wellness Dermatology and Dermatopathology PLLC, Laredo, TX, USA
| | - Dimitri S Monos
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Charalambos C Solomides
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Emilia L Oleszak
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Molecular Medicine, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Chris D Platsoucas
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Molecular Medicine, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA.
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4
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Ferrari D, la Sala A, Milani D, Celeghini C, Casciano F. Purinergic Signaling in Controlling Macrophage and T Cell Functions During Atherosclerosis Development. Front Immunol 2021; 11:617804. [PMID: 33664731 PMCID: PMC7921745 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.617804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a hardening and narrowing of arteries causing a reduction of blood flow. It is a leading cause of death in industrialized countries as it causes heart attacks, strokes, and peripheral vascular disease. Pathogenesis of the atherosclerotic lesion (atheroma) relies on the accumulation of cholesterol-containing low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and on changes of artery endothelium that becomes adhesive for monocytes and lymphocytes. Immunomediated inflammatory response stimulated by lipoprotein oxidation, cytokine secretion and release of pro-inflammatory mediators, worsens the pathological context by amplifying tissue damage to the arterial lining and increasing flow-limiting stenosis. Formation of thrombi upon rupture of the endothelium and the fibrous cup may also occur, triggering thrombosis often threatening the patient’s life. Purinergic signaling, i.e., cell responses induced by stimulation of P2 and P1 membrane receptors for the extracellular nucleotides (ATP, ADP, UTP, and UDP) and nucleosides (adenosine), has been implicated in modulating the immunological response in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. In this review we will describe advancements in the understanding of purinergic modulation of the two main immune cells involved in atherogenesis, i.e., monocytes/macrophages and T lymphocytes, highlighting modulation of pro- and anti-atherosclerotic mediated responses of purinergic signaling in these cells and providing new insights to point out their potential clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Ferrari
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Section of Microbiology and Applied Pathology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Andrea la Sala
- Certification Unit, Health Directorate, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Milani
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Claudio Celeghini
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabio Casciano
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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5
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Yuan Z, Lu Y, Wei J, Wu J, Yang J, Cai Z. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Roles of Inflammatory Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 11:609161. [PMID: 33613530 PMCID: PMC7886696 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.609161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are local dilations of infrarenal segment of aortas. Molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of AAA remain not fully clear. However, inflammation has been considered as a central player in the development of AAA. In the past few decades, studies demonstrated a host of inflammatory cells, including T cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, B cells, and mast cells, etc. infiltrating into aortic walls, which implicated their crucial roles. In addition to direct cell contacts and cytokine or protease secretions, special structures like inflammasomes and neutrophil extracellular traps have been investigated to explore their functions in aneurysm formation. The above-mentioned inflammatory cells and associated structures may initiate and promote AAA expansion. Understanding their impacts and interaction networks formation is meaningful to develop new strategies of screening and pharmacological interventions for AAA. In this review, we aim to discuss the roles and mechanisms of these inflammatory cells in AAA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Wei
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- Translational Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Translational Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhejun Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Jiaxing, China
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6
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Seo IH, Lee SJ, Noh TW, Kim JH, Joo HC, Shin EC, Park SH, Ko YG. Increase of Vδ2 + T Cells That Robustly Produce IL-17A in Advanced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Tissues. Immune Netw 2021; 21:e17. [PMID: 33996173 PMCID: PMC8099614 DOI: 10.4110/in.2021.21.e17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a chronic dilation of the aorta with a tendency to enlarge and eventually rupture, which constitutes a major cause of cardiovascular mortality. Although T-cell infiltrates have been observed in AAA, the cellular, phenotypic, and functional characteristics of these tissue-infiltrating T cells are not fully understood. Here, we investigated the proportional changes of T-cell subsets-including CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and γδ T cells-and their effector functions in AAAs. We found that Vδ2+ T cells were presented at a higher frequency in aortic aneurysmal tissue compared to normal aortic tissue and PBMCs from patients with AAA. In contrast, no differences were observed in the frequencies of CD4+, CD8+, and Vδ1+ T cells. Moreover, we observed that the Vδ2+ T cells from AAA tissue displayed immunophenotypes indicative of CCR5+ non-exhausted effector memory cells, with a decreased proportion of CD16+ cells. Finally, we found that these Vδ2+ T cells were the main source of IL-17A in abdominal aortic aneurysmal tissue. In conclusion, our results suggest that increased Vδ2+ T cells that robustly produce IL-17A in aortic aneurysmal tissue may contribute to AAA pathogenesis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Ho Seo
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology and Vaccinology, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Seung-Jun Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Tae Wook Noh
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Kim
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Hyun-Chel Joo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Eui-Cheol Shin
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology and Vaccinology, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Su-Hyung Park
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology and Vaccinology, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Young-Guk Ko
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
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7
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Miao Y, Zhao Y, Han L, Ma X, Deng J, Yang J, Lü S, Shao F, Kong W, Wang W, Xu Q, Wang X, Feng J. NSun2 regulates aneurysm formation by promoting autotaxin expression and T cell recruitment. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:1709-1727. [PMID: 32734582 PMCID: PMC11073013 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03607-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration and aggravated by hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy). It is unknown whether the homocysteine (Hcy)-activated RNA methyltransferase NOP2/Sun domain family member 2 (NSun2) is associated with AAA. Here, we found that NSun2 deficiency significantly attenuated elastase-induced and HHcy-aggravated murine AAA with decreased T cell infiltration in the vessel walls. T cell labeling and adoptive transfer experiments confirmed that NSun2 deficiency inhibited the chemotaxis of vessels to T cells. RNA sequencing of endothelial cells showed that Hcy induced the accumulation of various metabolic enzymes of the phospholipid PC-LPC-LPA metabolic pathway, especially autotaxin (ATX). In the elastase-induced mouse model of AAA, ATX was specifically expressed in the endothelium and the plasma ATX concentration was upregulated and even higher in the HHcy group, which were decreased dramatically by NSun2 knockdown. In vitro Transwell experiments showed that ATX dose-dependently promoted T cell migration. HHcy may upregulate endothelial ATX expression and secretion and in turn recruit T cells into the vessel walls to induce vascular inflammation and consequently accelerate the pathogenesis of AAA. Mechanistically, secreted ATX interacted with T cells by binding to integrin α4, which subsequently activated downstream FAK/Src-RhoA signaling pathways and then induced T cell chemokinesis and adhesion. ATX overexpression in the vessel walls reversed the inhibited development of AAA in the NSun2-deficient mice. Therefore, NSun2 mediates the development of HHcy-aggravated AAA primarily by increasing endothelial ATX expression, secretion and T cell migration, which is a novel mechanism for HHcy-aggravated vascular inflammation and pathogenesis of AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Miao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lulu Han
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiacheng Deng
- Cardiovascular Division, BHF Center for Vascular Regeneration, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Silin Lü
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangyu Shao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Wengong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingbo Xu
- Cardiovascular Division, BHF Center for Vascular Regeneration, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Juan Feng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
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IgG Anti-High Density Lipoprotein Antibodies Are Elevated in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and Associated with Lipid Profile and Clinical Features. J Clin Med 2019; 9:jcm9010067. [PMID: 31888089 PMCID: PMC7019833 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9010067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoproteins cholesterol (HDLc) levels are decreased in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), which is hallmarked by autoimmunity and lipid aortic deposits. To investigate whether IgG anti-HDL antibodies were present in AAA and their potential association with clinical features, IgG anti-HDL and total IgG along with HDLc plasma levels were measured in 488 AAA patients and 184 controls from the Viborg Vascular (VIVA) study, and in tissue-conditioned media from AAA intraluminal thrombus and media layer samples compared to control aortas. Higher IgG anti-HDL levels were found in AAA compared to controls, even after correcting for total IgG, and after adjusting for potential confounders. IgG anti-HDL levels were correlated with aortic diameter in univariate and adjusted multivariate analyses. IgG anti-HDL antibodies were negatively associated with HDLc levels before and after correcting for potential confounders. Increased anti-HDL antibodies were identified in tissue-conditioned media from AAA samples compared to healthy aortas, with higher levels being observed in the media layer. In conclusion, increased IgG anti-HDL levels (both in plasma and in tissue) are linked to AAA, associated with aortic diameter and HDLc levels. These data suggest a potential immune response against HDL in AAA and support an emerging role of anti-HDL antibodies in AAA.
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Piacentini L, Werba JP, Bono E, Saccu C, Tremoli E, Spirito R, Colombo GI. Genome-Wide Expression Profiling Unveils Autoimmune Response Signatures in the Perivascular Adipose Tissue of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:237-249. [PMID: 30567485 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective- Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is thought to play a role in vascular homeostasis and in the pathogenesis of large vessel diseases, including abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Herein, we tested the hypothesis that locally restricted transcriptional profiles characterize PVAT surrounding AAA, indicating specific dysfunctions associated with the disease. Approach and Results- Using a paired sample design to limit the effects of interindividual variation, we performed a microarray-based investigation of the PVAT transcriptome in 30 patients with AAA, comparing the adipose layer of the dilated abdominal aorta with that of the not-dilated aortic neck in each patient. Furthermore, we used a state-of-the-art data mining procedure to remove the effect of confounders produced by high-throughput gene expression techniques. We found substantial differences in PVAT gene expression clearly distinguishing the dilated from the not-dilated aorta, which increased in number and magnitude with increasing AAA diameter. Comparisons with other adipose depots (omental or subcutaneous fat) confirmed that gene expression changes are locally restricted. We dissected putative mechanisms associated with AAA PVAT dysfunction through a functional enrichment network analysis: both innate and adaptive immune-response genes along with genes related to cell-death pathways, metabolic processes of collagen, sphingolipids, aminoglycans, and extracellular matrix degradation were strongly overrepresented in PVAT of AAA compared with PVAT of the not-dilated aorta. Conclusions- Our results support a possible function of PVAT in AAA pathogenesis and suggest that AAA is an immunologic disease with an underlying autoimmune component. Interfering with these disease-specific pathways would clarify their precise role in AAA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Piacentini
- From the Immunology and Functional Genomics Unit (L.P., E.B., G.I.C.), Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - José Pablo Werba
- Atherosclerosis Prevention Unit (J.P.W.), Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Bono
- From the Immunology and Functional Genomics Unit (L.P., E.B., G.I.C.), Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Saccu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the University of Milan (C.S., R.S.), Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Tremoli
- Scientific Direction (E.T.), Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Rita Spirito
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the University of Milan (C.S., R.S.), Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Gualtiero Ivanoe Colombo
- From the Immunology and Functional Genomics Unit (L.P., E.B., G.I.C.), Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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10
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Sharma N, Dev R, Ruiz-Rosado JDD, Partida-Sanchez S, Guerau-de-Arellano M, Dhakal P, Kuivaniemi H, Hans CP. Pharmacological inhibition of Notch signaling regresses pre-established abdominal aortic aneurysm. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13458. [PMID: 31530833 PMCID: PMC6748927 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49682-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is characterized by transmural infiltration of myeloid cells at the vascular injury site. Previously, we reported preventive effects of Notch deficiency on the development of AAA by reduction of infiltrating myeloid cells. In this study, we examined if Notch inhibition attenuates the progression of pre-established AAA and potential implications. Pharmacological Notch inhibitor (N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-L-alanyl]-(S)-phenylglycine t-butyl ester; DAPT) was administered subcutaneously three times a week starting at day 28 of angiotensin II (AngII) infusion. Progressive increase in pulse wave velocity (PWV), maximal intra-luminal diameter (MILD) and maximal external aortic diameter (MEAD) were observed at day 56 of the AngII. DAPT prevented such increase in MILD, PWV and MEAD (P < 0.01). Histologically, the aortae of DAPT-treated Apoe-/- mice had significant reduction in inflammatory response and elastin fragmentation. Naked collagen microfibrils and weaker banded structure observed in the aortae of Apoe-/- mice in response to AngII, were substantially diminished by DAPT. A significant decrease in the proteolytic activity in the aneurysmal tissues and vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) was observed with DAPT (P < 0.01). In human and mouse AAA tissues, increased immunoreactivity of activated Notch signaling correlated strongly with CD38 expression (R2 = 0.61). Collectively, we propose inhibition of Notch signaling as a potential therapeutic target for AAA progression.
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MESH Headings
- ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1/metabolism
- Angiotensin II/adverse effects
- Animals
- Aorta/drug effects
- Aorta/metabolism
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/chemically induced
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/diagnostic imaging
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/drug therapy
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Collagen/metabolism
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Dipeptides/pharmacology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Extracellular Matrix/drug effects
- Extracellular Matrix/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Humans
- Male
- Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism
- Mice
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Receptors, Notch/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Notch/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Neekun Sharma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA
| | - Rishabh Dev
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA
| | - Juan de Dios Ruiz-Rosado
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Santiago Partida-Sanchez
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mireia Guerau-de-Arellano
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Medical Laboratory Science Division, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Pramod Dhakal
- Animal Science Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA
| | - Helena Kuivaniemi
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Chetan P Hans
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA.
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA.
- Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA.
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11
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Lu S, White JV, Judy RI, Merritt LL, Lin WL, Zhang X, Solomides C, Nwaneshiudu I, Gaughan J, Monos DS, Oleszak EL, Platsoucas CD. Clonally expanded alpha-chain T-cell receptor (TCR) transcripts are present in aneurysmal lesions of patients with Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA). PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218990. [PMID: 31310631 PMCID: PMC6634378 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a life-threatening immunological disease responsible for 1 to 2% of all deaths in 65 year old or older individuals. Although mononuclear cell infiltrates have been demonstrated in AAA lesions and autoimmunity may be responsible for the initiation and account for the propagation of the disease, the information available about the pathogenesis of AAA is limited. To examine whether AAA lesions from patients with AAA contain clonally expanded α-chain TCR transcripts, we amplified by the non-palindromic adaptor-PCR (NPA-PCR)/Vα-specific PCR and/or the Vα-specific PCR these α-chain TCR transcripts. The amplified transcripts were cloned and sequenced. Substantial proportions of identical α-chain TCR transcripts were identified in AAA lesions of 4 of 5 patients, demonstrating that clonally expanded T cells are present in these AAA lesions. These results were statistically significant by the bimodal distribution. Three of 5 of these patients were typed by DNA-based HLA-typing and all three expressed DRB1 alleles containing the DRβGln70 amino acid residue that has been demonstrated to be associated with AAA. All three patients exhibited clonally expanded T cells in AAA lesions. Four of the 5 patients with AAA who exhibited clonal expansions of α-chain TCR transcripts, also exhibited clonal expansions of β-chain TCR transcripts in AAA lesions, as we have demonstrated previously (J Immunol 192:4897, 2014). αβ TCR-expressing T cells infiltrating AAA lesions contain T-cell clones which have undergone proliferation and clonal expansion in vivo in response to as yet unidentified specific antigens that may be self or nonself. These results provide additional evidence supporting the hypothesis that AAA is a specific antigen-driven T-cell autoimmune disease.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Amino Acid Sequence/genetics
- Antigens/genetics
- Antigens/immunology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/genetics
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/immunology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/pathology
- Cells, Cultured
- Clone Cells/immunology
- Humans
- Male
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/immunology
- Sequence Analysis, RNA
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Transcription, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Lu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - John V. White
- Department of Surgery, Advocate Lutheran General Hospital and University of Illinois School of Medicine, Park Ridge, IL, United States of America
| | - Raquel I. Judy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States of America
| | - Lisa L. Merritt
- Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States of America
| | - Wan Lu Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Charalambos Solomides
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Ifeyinwa Nwaneshiudu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - John Gaughan
- Biostatistics Consulting Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Dimitri S. Monos
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Emilia L. Oleszak
- Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States of America
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States of America
| | - Chris D. Platsoucas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States of America
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States of America
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12
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Tang W, Yao L, Hoogeveen RC, Alonso A, Couper DJ, Lutsey PL, Steenson CC, Guan W, Hunter DW, Lederle FA, Folsom AR. The Association of Biomarkers of Inflammation and Extracellular Matrix Degradation With the Risk of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: The ARIC Study. Angiology 2018; 70:130-140. [PMID: 29945457 DOI: 10.1177/0003319718785278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Animal and human laboratory studies suggest that the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) involves inflammation and degradation and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. This study prospectively assessed the association between biomarkers for these mechanisms and the presence of AAA during 24 years of follow-up in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. The ARIC prospectively identified clinically diagnosed AAAs in 15 792 men and women from baseline in 1987 to 1989 to 2011 using hospital discharge codes and death records. Additional asymptomatic AAAs were detected by an abdominal ultrasound scan in 2011 to 2013. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3, MMP-9, interleukin 6 (IL-6), N-terminal propeptide of Type III procollagen (PIIINP), and osteopontin were measured in blood samples collected between 1987 and 1992 in participants with AAA (544 clinically diagnosed AAAs and 72 ultrasound-detected AAAs) and a random sample of 723 participants selected from baseline and matched with AAAs by age, race and sex. Higher concentrations of MMP-9 and IL-6 were associated with future risk of clinically diagnosed AAA (hazard ratios [95% confidence intervals]: 1.55 [1.22-1.97] and 1.87 [1.48-2.35], respectively, comparing highest versus lowest tertiles) after multivariable adjustment ( P for trend < .001). Matrix metalloproteinase-9 was also associated with ultrasound-detected AAA. In conclusion, blood concentrations of MMP-9 and IL-6 measured in middle age predicted the risk of AAA during 24 years of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihong Tang
- 1 Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Lu Yao
- 1 Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ron C Hoogeveen
- 2 Section of Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Alvaro Alonso
- 3 Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - David J Couper
- 4 Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Pamela L Lutsey
- 1 Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Carol C Steenson
- 5 Department of Imaging, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Weihua Guan
- 6 Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - David W Hunter
- 7 Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Frank A Lederle
- 8 Minneapolis VA Health Care System and Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Frank A. Lederle, Deceased January 2018
| | - Aaron R Folsom
- 1 Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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13
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Tilson MD. Autoimmunity in the Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and its Association with Smoking. AORTA : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AORTIC INSTITUTE AT YALE-NEW HAVEN HOSPITAL 2018; 5:159-167. [PMID: 29766007 DOI: 10.12945/j.aorta.2017.17.693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Smoking increases the risk of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in both humans and mice, although the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. An adventitial aortic antigen, AAAP-40, has been partially sequenced. It has motifs with similarities to all three fibrinogen chains and appears to be connected in evolution to a large family of proteins called fibrinogen-related proteins. Fibrinogen may undergo non-enzymatic nitration, which may result from exposure to nitric oxide in cigarette smoke. Nitration of proteins renders them more immunogenic. It has recently been reported that anti-fibrinogen antibody promotes AAA development in mice. Also, anti-fibrinogen antibodies are present in patients with AAA. These matters are reviewed in the overall context of autoimmunity in AAA. The evidence suggests that smoking amplifies an auto-immune reaction that is critical to the pathogenesis of AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M David Tilson
- Department of Surgery, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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14
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Li H, Li H, Yue H, Wang W, Yu L, Cao Y, Zhao J. Comparison between smaller ruptured intracranial aneurysm and larger un-ruptured intracranial aneurysm: gene expression profile analysis. Neurosurg Rev 2016; 40:419-425. [PMID: 27841008 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-016-0799-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
As it grows in size, an intracranial aneurysm (IA) is prone to rupture. In this study, we compared two extreme groups of IAs, ruptured IAs (RIAs) smaller than 10 mm and un-ruptured IAs (UIAs) larger than 10 mm, to investigate the genes involved in the facilitation and prevention of IA rupture. The aneurismal walls of 6 smaller saccular RIAs (size smaller than 10 mm), 6 larger saccular UIAs (size larger than 10 mm) and 12 paired control arteries were obtained during surgery. The transcription profiles of these samples were studied by microarray analysis. RT-qPCR was used to confirm the expression of the genes of interest. In addition, functional group analysis of the differentially expressed genes was performed. Between smaller RIAs and larger UIAs, 101 genes and 179 genes were significantly over-expressed, respectively. In addition, functional group analysis demonstrated that the up-regulated genes in smaller RIAs mainly participated in the cellular response to metal ions and inorganic substances, while most of the up-regulated genes in larger UIAs were involved in inflammation and extracellular matrix (ECM) organization. Moreover, compared with control arteries, inflammation was up-regulated and muscle-related biological processes were down-regulated in both smaller RIAs and larger UIAs. The genes involved in the cellular response to metal ions and inorganic substances may facilitate the rupture of IAs. In addition, the healing process, involving inflammation and ECM organization, may protect IAs from rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 6 Tiantanxili, Beijing, 100050, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Haowen Li
- Laborotary of Clinical Medicine Research, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Haiyan Yue
- Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Noncoding RNA, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 6 Tiantanxili, Beijing, 100050, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100050, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Lanbing Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 6 Tiantanxili, Beijing, 100050, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 6 Tiantanxili, Beijing, 100050, China.
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Jizong Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 6 Tiantanxili, Beijing, 100050, China.
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100050, China.
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15
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Tilson MD. Decline of the atherogenic theory of the etiology of the abdominal aortic aneurysm and rise of the autoimmune hypothesis. J Vasc Surg 2016; 64:1523-1525. [PMID: 27633167 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2016.06.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M David Tilson
- Department of Surgery, St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, NY.
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16
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Kroon AM, Taanman JW. Clonal expansion of T cells in abdominal aortic aneurysm: a role for doxycycline as drug of choice? Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:11178-95. [PMID: 25993290 PMCID: PMC4463695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160511178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Most reported studies with animal models of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and several studies with patients have suggested that doxycycline favourably modifies AAA; however, a recent large long-term clinical trial found that doxycycline did not limit aneurysm growth. Thus, there is currently no convincing evidence that doxycycline reduces AAA expansion. Here, we critically review the available experimental and clinical information about the effects of doxycycline when used as a pharmacological treatment for AAA. The view that AAA can be considered an autoimmune disease and the observation that AAA tissue shows clonal expansion of T cells is placed in the light of the well-known inhibition of mitochondrial protein synthesis by doxycycline. In T cell leukaemia animal models, this inhibitory effect of the antibiotic has been shown to impede T cell proliferation, resulting in complete tumour eradication. We suggest that the available evidence of doxycycline action on AAA is erroneously ascribed to its inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) by competitive binding of the zinc ion co-factor. Although competitive binding may explain the inhibition of proteolytic activity, it does not explain the observed decreases of MMP mRNA levels. We propose that the observed effects of doxycycline are secondary to inhibition of mitochondrial protein synthesis. Provided that serum doxycycline levels are kept at adequate levels, the inhibition will result in a proliferation arrest, especially of clonally expanding T cells. This, in turn, leads to the decrease of proinflammatory cytokines that are normally generated by these cells. The drastic change in cell type composition may explain the changes in MMP mRNA and protein levels in the tissue samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert M Kroon
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK.
| | - Jan-Willem Taanman
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK.
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17
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ApoB-100–Related Peptide Vaccine Protects Against Angiotensin II–Induced Aortic Aneurysm Formation and Rupture. J Am Coll Cardiol 2015; 65:546-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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18
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Lu S, White JV, Lin WL, Zhang X, Solomides C, Evans K, Ntaoula N, Nwaneshiudu I, Gaughan J, Monos DS, Oleszak EL, Platsoucas CD. Response to comment on "aneurysmal lesions of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm contain clonally expanded T cells". THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 193:2041. [PMID: 25128547 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1401637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Song Lu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - John V White
- Department of Surgery, Advocate Lutheran General Hospital and University of Illinois School of Medicine, Park Ridge, IL 60068
| | - Wan Lu Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - Charalambos Solomides
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - Kyle Evans
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - Nectaria Ntaoula
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - Ifeyinwa Nwaneshiudu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - John Gaughan
- Biostatistics Consulting Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - Dimitri S Monos
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104; and
| | - Emilia L Oleszak
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - Chris D Platsoucas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140;
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19
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T lymphocytes and aortic aneurysms. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2014; 57:795-801. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-014-4699-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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20
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Lu S, White JV, Lin WL, Zhang X, Solomides C, Evans K, Ntaoula N, Nwaneshiudu I, Gaughan J, Monos DS, Oleszak EL, Platsoucas CD. Aneurysmal lesions of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm contain clonally expanded T cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 192:4897-912. [PMID: 24752442 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1301009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common disease with often life-threatening consequences. This vascular disorder is responsible for 1-2% of all deaths in men aged 65 years or older. Autoimmunity may be responsible for the pathogenesis of AAA. Although it is well documented that infiltrating T cells are essentially always present in AAA lesions, little is known about their role in the initiation and/or progression of the disease. To determine whether T cells infiltrating AAA lesions contain clonally expanded populations of T cells, we amplified β-chain TCR transcripts by the nonpalindromic adaptor-PCR/Vβ-specific PCR and/or Vβ-specific PCR, followed by cloning and sequencing. We report in this article that aortic abdominal aneurysmal lesions from 8 of 10 patients with AAA contained oligoclonal populations of T cells. Multiple identical copies of β-chain TCR transcripts were identified in these patients. These clonal expansions are statistically significant. These results demonstrate that αβ TCR(+) T lymphocytes infiltrating aneurysmal lesions of patients with AAA have undergone proliferation and clonal expansion in vivo at the site of the aneurysmal lesion, in response to unidentified self- or nonself Ags. This evidence supports the hypothesis that AAA is a specific Ag-driven T cell disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Lu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140
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21
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Ju X, Ijaz T, Sun H, Ray S, Lejeune W, Lee C, Recinos A, Guo DC, Milewicz DM, Tilton RG, Brasier AR. Interleukin-6-signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 signaling mediates aortic dissections induced by angiotensin II via the T-helper lymphocyte 17-interleukin 17 axis in C57BL/6 mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013; 33:1612-21. [PMID: 23685554 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.112.301049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dysregulated angiotensin II (Ang II) signaling induces local vascular interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion, producing leukocyte infiltration and life-threatening aortic dissections. Precise mechanisms by which IL-6 signaling induces leukocyte recruitment remain unknown. T-helper 17 lymphocytes (Th17) have been implicated in vascular pathology, but their role in the development of aortic dissections is poorly understood. Here, we tested the relationship of IL-6-signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 signaling with Th17-induced inflammation in the formation of Ang II-induced dissections in C57BL/6 mice. APPROACH AND RESULTS Ang II infusion induced aortic dissections and CD4(+)-interleukin 17A (IL-17A)-expressing Th17 cell accumulation in C57BL/6 mice. A blunted local Th17 activation, macrophage recruitment, and reduced incidence of aortic dissections were seen in IL-6(-/-) mice. To determine the pathological roles of Th17 lymphocytes, we treated Ang II-infused mice with IL-17A-neutralizing antibody or infused Ang II in genetically deficient IL-17A mice and found decreased aortic chemokine monocytic chemotactic protein-1 production and macrophage recruitment, leading to a reduction in aortic dissections. This effect was independent of blood pressure in IL-17A-neutralizing antibody experiment. Application of a cell-permeable signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 inhibitor to downregulate the IL-6 pathway decreased aortic dilation and Th17 cell recruitment. We also observed increased aortic Th17 infiltration and IL-17 mRNA expression in patients with thoracic aortic dissections. Finally, we found that Ang II-mediated aortic dissections occurred independent of blood pressure changes. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that the IL-6-signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 signaling pathway converges on Th17 recruitment and IL-17A signaling upstream of macrophage recruitment, mediating aortic dissections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Ju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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22
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Xiao J, Angsana J, Wen J, Smith SV, Park PW, Ford ML, Haller CA, Chaikof EL. Syndecan-1 displays a protective role in aortic aneurysm formation by modulating T cell-mediated responses. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2011; 32:386-96. [PMID: 22173227 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.111.242198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic inflammation drives progressive and pathological remodeling inherent to formation of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Syndecan-1 (Sdc-1) is a cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan that displays the capacity to modulate inflammatory processes within the vascular wall. In the current investigation, the role of Sdc-1 in AAA formation was examined using 2 models of experimental aneurysm induction, angiotensin II infusion and elastase perfusion. METHODS AND RESULTS Sdc-1 deficiency exacerbated AAA formation in both experimental models and was associated with increased degradation of elastin, greater protease activity, and enhanced inflammatory cell recruitment into the aortic wall. Bone marrow transplantation studies indicated that deficiency of Sdc-1 in marrow-derived cells significantly contributed to AAA severity. Immunostaining revealed augmented Sdc-1 expression in a subset of AAA localized macrophages. We specifically characterized a higher percentage of CD4(+) T cells in Sdc-1-deficient AAA, and antibody depletion studies established the active role of T cells in aneurysmal dilatation. Finally, we confirmed the ability of Sdc-1 macrophage to modulate the inflammatory chemokine environment. CONCLUSIONS These investigations identify cross-talk between Sdc-1-expressing macrophages and AAA-localized CD4(+) T cells, with Sdc-1 providing an important counterbalance to T-cell-driven inflammation in the vascular wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiantao Xiao
- BIDMC, 110 Francis St, Suite 9F, Boston, MA 02215 or Carolyn A. Haller, PhD, BIDMC, 110 Francis St, Suite 9F, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Moxon JV, Parr A, Emeto TI, Walker P, Norman PE, Golledge J. Diagnosis and monitoring of abdominal aortic aneurysm: current status and future prospects. Curr Probl Cardiol 2011; 35:512-48. [PMID: 20932435 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2010.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in elderly men, and prevalence is predicted to increase in parallel with a global aging population. AAA is commonly asymptomatic, and in the absence of routine screening, diagnosis is usually incidental when imaging to assess unrelated medical complaints. In the absence of approved diagnostic and prognostic markers, AAAs are monitored conservatively via medical imaging until aortic diameter approaches 50-55 mm and surgical repair is performed. There is currently significant interest in identifying molecular markers of diagnostic and prognostic value for AAA. Here we outline the current guidelines for AAA management and discuss modern scientific techniques currently employed to identify improved diagnostic and prognostic markers.
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Michel JB, Martin-Ventura JL, Egido J, Sakalihasan N, Treska V, Lindholt J, Allaire E, Thorsteinsdottir U, Cockerill G, Swedenborg J. Novel aspects of the pathogenesis of aneurysms of the abdominal aorta in humans. Cardiovasc Res 2011; 90:18-27. [PMID: 21037321 PMCID: PMC3058728 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvq337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2010] [Revised: 10/04/2010] [Accepted: 10/20/2010] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Aneurysm of the abdominal aorta (AAA) is a particular, specifically localized form of atherothrombosis, providing a unique human model of this disease. The pathogenesis of AAA is characterized by a breakdown of the extracellular matrix due to an excessive proteolytic activity, leading to potential arterial wall rupture. The roles of matrix metalloproteinases and plasmin generation in progression of AAA have been demonstrated both in animal models and in clinical studies. In the present review, we highlight recent studies addressing the role of the haemoglobin-rich, intraluminal thrombus and the adventitial response in the development of human AAA. The intraluminal thrombus exerts its pathogenic effect through platelet activation, fibrin formation, binding of plasminogen and its activators, and trapping of erythrocytes and neutrophils, leading to oxidative and proteolytic injury of the arterial wall. These events occur mainly at the intraluminal thrombus-circulating blood interface, and pathological mediators are conveyed outwards, where they promote matrix degradation of the arterial wall. In response, neo-angiogenesis, phagocytosis by mononuclear cells, and a shift from innate to adaptive immunity in the adventitia are observed. Abdominal aortic aneurysm thus represents an accessible spatiotemporal model of human atherothrombotic progression towards clinical events, the study of which should allow further understanding of its pathogenesis and the translation of pathogenic biological activities into diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Baptiste Michel
- Inserm Unit 698, Cardiovascular Remodelling, Denis Diderot University, Hôpital X. Bichat, Paris, France.
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Bai L, Beckers L, Wijnands E, Lutgens SP, Herías MV, Saftig P, Daemen MJ, Cleutjens K, Lutgens E, Biessen EA, Heeneman S. Cathepsin K gene disruption does not affect murine aneurysm formation. Atherosclerosis 2010; 209:96-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2009] [Revised: 08/27/2009] [Accepted: 09/01/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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C-Reactive Protein within the Wall of Large Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms; Pathophysiological Implications. A Preliminary Study. POLISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY 2010. [DOI: 10.2478/v10035-010-0027-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Nordon IM, Hinchliffe RJ, Holt PJ, Loftus IM, Thompson MM. Review of Current Theories for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Pathogenesis. Vascular 2009; 17:253-63. [DOI: 10.2310/6670.2009.00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic plaques are a feature of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). Atherosclerosis and AAA appear to share similar risk factors. These observations have led to the conclusion that AAAs are a consequence of advanced atherosclerosis. This review explores current theories regarding the pathogenesis of AAA and their implications for treatment. A systematic literature search was conducted using the search terms abdominal aortic aneurysm, atherosclerosis, pathogenesis, and systemic disease. Articles were categorized according to the association of AAAs with atherosclerosis, arteriomegaly, peripheral aneurysm, systemic expression, genetics, autoimmunity, oxidative stress, and systemic disease. Twenty-nine articles reporting changes in the systemic vasculature associated with AAA and 12 articles examining the shared risk factor hypothesis were identified. There is insufficient evidence to confirm that AAAs are the result of advanced atherosclerosis. The bulk of evidence points to AAA disease being a systemic disease of the vasculature, with a predetermined genetic susceptibility leading to a phenotype governed by environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian M. Nordon
- *St George's Vascular Institute, St James' Wing, St George's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Robert J. Hinchliffe
- *St George's Vascular Institute, St James' Wing, St George's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Peter J. Holt
- *St George's Vascular Institute, St James' Wing, St George's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Ian M. Loftus
- *St George's Vascular Institute, St James' Wing, St George's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Matthew M. Thompson
- *St George's Vascular Institute, St James' Wing, St George's Hospital, London, UK
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Jagadesham VP, Scott DJA, Carding SR. Abdominal aortic aneurysms: an autoimmune disease? Trends Mol Med 2008; 14:522-9. [PMID: 18980864 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2008.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2008] [Revised: 09/29/2008] [Accepted: 09/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kuivaniemi H, Platsoucas CD, Tilson MD. Aortic aneurysms: an immune disease with a strong genetic component. Circulation 2008; 117:242-52. [PMID: 18195185 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.107.690982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helena Kuivaniemi
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics and Department of Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E Canfield Ave, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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31
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White JV, Ryjewski C, Trinidad M, Rosenblum J, Platsoucas C. Aortic aneurysm: search for the trigger. Ann Vasc Surg 2007; 21:292-5. [PMID: 17484963 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2007.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John V White
- Department of Surgery, Advocate Lutheran General Hospital and University of Illinois School of Medicine, Urbana, IL, USA.
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Whole genome expression profiling reveals a significant role for immune function in human abdominal aortic aneurysms. BMC Genomics 2007; 8:237. [PMID: 17634102 PMCID: PMC1934369 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-8-237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2007] [Accepted: 07/16/2007] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal aortic aneurysms are a common disorder with an incompletely understood etiology. We used Illumina and Affymetrix microarray platforms to generate global gene expression profiles for both aneurysmal (AAA) and non-aneurysmal abdominal aorta, and identified genes that were significantly differentially expressed between cases and controls. RESULTS Affymetrix and Illumina arrays included 18,057 genes in common; 11,542 (64%) of these genes were considered to be expressed in either aneurysmal or normal abdominal aorta. There were 3,274 differentially expressed genes with a false discovery rate (FDR) </= 0.05. Many of these genes were not previously known to be involved in AAA, including SOST and RUNX3, which were confirmed using Q-RT-PCR (Pearson correlation coefficient for microarray and Q-RT-PCR data = 0.89; p-values for differences in expression between AAA and controls for SOST: 4.87 x 10-4 and for RUNX3: 4.33 x 10-5). Analysis of biological pathways, including Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), indicated extreme overrepresentation of immune related categories. The enriched categories included the GO category Immune Response (GO:0006955; FDR = 2.1 x 10-14), and the KEGG pathways natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity (hsa04650; FDR = 5.9 x 10-6) and leukocyte transendothelial migration (hsa04670; FDR = 1.1 x 10-5). CONCLUSION Previous studies have provided evidence for the involvement of the immune system in AAA. The current expression analysis extends these findings by demonstrating broad coordinate gene expression in immunological pathways. A large number of genes involved in immune function were differentially expressed in AAA, and the pathway analysis gave these results a biological context. The data provide valuable insight for future studies to dissect the pathogenesis of human AAA. These pathways might also be used as targets for the development of therapeutic agents for AAA.
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Human autoimmune diseases are specific antigen-driven T-cell diseases: identification of the antigens. Immunol Res 2007; 38:359-72. [DOI: 10.1007/s12026-007-0044-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/1999] [Revised: 11/30/1999] [Accepted: 11/30/1999] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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