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Du K, Liao P, Yang S, von Trentini D, Sharma K, Shi X, Murray CB, Li D, Dmochowski IJ. Chelate-functionalized magnetic micelles for sequestration of cisplatin. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:3955-3963. [PMID: 37496616 PMCID: PMC10367963 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00290j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Many cancer patients suffer permanent hearing loss due to accumulation of ototoxic cisplatin in the inner ear. In this study, two types of 100 nm magnetic micelles were developed to sequester cisplatin from aqueous solutions, with the goal of eliminating cochlear ototoxins via magnetic microsurgery. The micellar surface was quantitatively functionalized with anionic S-rich ligands and the micelle core encapsulated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. Exceptionally effective sequestration is demonstrated, with removal of greater than 95 and 50% of solution Pt, by means of centrifugal filtration and magnetic extraction. Attraction between negatively charged micellar surfaces and cationic Pt-species played a critical role and was only partially screened by physiologic salt solution. Importantly, magnetic micelles introduce negligible impact on the integrity of inner ear hair cells, demonstrating excellent biocompatibility. This study showcases successful magnetic sequestration of Pt-based ototoxins using highly applicable nano-micellar materials. More generally, these examples highlight features of the micelle-water interfacial environment that are important in developing nanomaterials for metallo-medicinal applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Du
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Pan Liao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Shengsong Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Dora von Trentini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Kushal Sharma
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head & Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University Portland OR 97239 USA
| | - Xiaorui Shi
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head & Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University Portland OR 97239 USA
| | - Christopher B Murray
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Daqing Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Ivan J Dmochowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
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Tchounwou PB, Dasari S, Noubissi FK, Ray P, Kumar S. Advances in Our Understanding of the Molecular Mechanisms of Action of Cisplatin in Cancer Therapy. J Exp Pharmacol 2021; 13:303-328. [PMID: 33776489 PMCID: PMC7987268 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s267383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin and other platinum-based chemotherapeutic drugs have been used extensively for the treatment of human cancers such as bladder, blood, breast, cervical, esophageal, head and neck, lung, ovarian, testicular cancers, and sarcoma. Cisplatin is commonly administered intravenously as a first-line chemotherapy for patients suffering from various malignancies. Upon absorption into the cancer cell, cisplatin interacts with cellular macromolecules and exerts its cytotoxic effects through a series of biochemical mechanisms by binding to Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and forming intra-strand DNA adducts leading to the inhibition of DNA synthesis and cell growth. Its primary molecular mechanism of action has been associated with the induction of both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis resulting from the production of reactive oxygen species through lipid peroxidation, activation of various signal transduction pathways, induction of p53 signaling and cell cycle arrest, upregulation of pro-apoptotic genes/proteins, and down-regulation of proto-oncogenes and anti-apoptotic genes/proteins. Despite great clinical outcomes, many studies have reported substantial side effects associated with cisplatin monotherapy, while others have shown substantial drug resistance in some cancer patients. Hence, new formulations and several combinational therapies with other drugs have been tested for the purpose of improving the clinical utility of cisplatin. Therefore, this review provides a comprehensive understanding of its molecular mechanisms of action in cancer therapy and discusses the therapeutic approaches to overcome cisplatin resistance and side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul B Tchounwou
- Cellomics and Toxicogenomics Research Laboratory, NIH-RCMI Center for Health Disparities Research, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Shaloam Dasari
- Cellomics and Toxicogenomics Research Laboratory, NIH-RCMI Center for Health Disparities Research, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Felicite K Noubissi
- Cellomics and Toxicogenomics Research Laboratory, NIH-RCMI Center for Health Disparities Research, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Paresh Ray
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Earth, Biological, and Environmental Sciences, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, India
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3
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Huang S, Jin Q, Wang Y, Sun Y, Wang F. Anti-liver cancer activity evaluation of a polyoxometalate-organic co-crystal compound and its related coordination polymer. MAIN GROUP CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.3233/mgc-180747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Huang
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qi Jin
- Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yuhong Sun
- Department of Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Fengzhi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
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Ge Y, Zheng N, Chen X, Zhu J, Sun W, Olson JR, Aga DS, Hu W, Tang X, Ren X. GMDTC Chelating Agent Attenuates Cisplatin-Induced Systemic Toxicity without Affecting Antitumor Efficacy. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:1572-1582. [PMID: 31240907 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin is a platinum-based chemotherapeutic drug widely used in the treatment of various cancers such as testicular, ovarian, lung, bladder, and cervical cancers. However, its use and the dosage range applied have been limited by severe side effects (e.g., nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity) and by the development of resistance to cisplatin in patients during treatment. Metal chelators have shown promising potential in overcoming these problems often associated with platinum drugs. Previously, a new chelating agent, sodium (S)-2-(dithiocarboxylato((2S,3R,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexyl)amino)-4(methylthio)butanoate (GMDTC), was developed. In this study, we examined the effect of GMDTC in modifying cisplatin-induced toxicities following in vitro and in vivo exposures. GMDTC treatment dramatically reduced cisplatin-induced apoptosis and cytotoxicity in HK2 cells by decreasing the amount of intracellular platinum. In the 4T1 breast cancer mouse model, GMDTC reduced cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by reducing cisplatin deposition in the kidney. GMDTC attenuated cisplatin-induced elevations in blood urea nitrogen and plasma creatinine, ameliorated renal tubular dilation and vacuolation, and prevented necrosis of glomeruli and renal tubular cells. GMDTC also inhibited cisplatin-induced ototoxicity as shown by improved hearing loss which was assessed using the auditory brainstem response test. Furthermore, GMDTC attenuated cisplatin-induced hematotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. Importantly, co-treatment of cisplatin with GMDTC did not affect cisplatin antitumor efficacy. Tumor growth, size, and metastasis were all comparable between the cisplatin only and cisplatin-GMDTC co-treatment groups. In conclusion, the current study suggests that GMDTC reduces cisplatin-induced systemic toxicity by preventing the accumulation and assisting in the removal of intracellular cisplatin, without compromising cisplatin therapeutic activity. These results support the development of GMDTC as a chemotherapy protector and rescue agent to overcome the toxicity of and resistance to platinum-based antineoplastic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Ge
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions , The State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14214 , United States
| | - Nina Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences , The State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14214 , United States
| | - Xushen Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions , The State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14214 , United States
| | - Jinqiu Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions , The State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14214 , United States
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Communicative Disorders and Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences , The State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14214 , United States
| | - James R Olson
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions , The State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14214 , United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences , The State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14214 , United States
| | - Diana S Aga
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences , The State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14260 , United States
| | - Wei Hu
- Guangdong Zoolgen Bio-Tec Co., Ltd. , GuangZhou 510530 , China
| | - Xiaojiang Tang
- Guangdong Zoolgen Bio-Tec Co., Ltd. , GuangZhou 510530 , China.,Southern Medical University, Guangzhou , GuangZhou 510515 , China
| | - Xuefeng Ren
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions , The State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14214 , United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences , The State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14214 , United States
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5
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Pirovano C, Balzarini A, Böhm S, Oriana S, Spatti GB, Zunino F. Peripheral Neurotoxicity following High-Dose Cisplatin with Glutathione: Clinical and Neurophysiological Assessment. TUMORI JOURNAL 2018; 78:253-7. [PMID: 1334604 DOI: 10.1177/030089169207800408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The use of high-dose cisplatin is limited by development of severe peripheral neurotoxicity and gradual worsening of renal function. In an ongoing study of high-dose cisplatin glutathione has been employed with the aim of preventing major cisplatin-induced toxicities. Neurotoxicity was examined in detail in 32 patients with ovarian cancer treated with cisplatin (160 mg/m2) and cyclophosphamide (600 mg/m2) every 3-4 weeks for five courses. In addition to serial complete neurological examination, sensory action potentials (SAPs) and motor conduction velocities (MCVs) were also assessed. We confirmed the development of a predominant sensory involvement, characterized by mild distal paresthesias and decrease in vibratory sensibility and in deep tendon reflexes, with a slight reduction of SAPs, observed after three courses of treatment. After five courses, distal paresthesias and disesthesias, decreased proprioception and loss of vibratory sensibility with ataxic signs, absence of deep tendon reflexes, unobtainable SAPs and only moderately reduced MCVs were seen. We did not observe any case of disabling neuropathy. There was a tendency to a more severe involvement of peripheral nerves in patients aged more than fifty. The 3 patients presenting the most serious neuropathy were the oldest in the whole group. Low degree of neurotoxicity observed in this study supports a glutathione protection against cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity. As the urinary excretion of platinum indicated no changes in the renal clearance of cisplatin following repeated courses, the lack of drug accumulation and high plasma peak due to preserved renal function might explain the reduced neurotoxicity observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pirovano
- Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
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6
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Gailer J. Improving the safety of metal-based drugs by tuning their metabolism with chemoprotective agents. J Inorg Biochem 2018; 179:154-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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7
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Sooriyaarachchi M, George GN, Pickering IJ, Narendran A, Gailer J. Tuning the metabolism of the anticancer drug cisplatin with chemoprotective agents to improve its safety and efficacy. Metallomics 2017; 8:1170-1176. [PMID: 27722429 PMCID: PMC5123636 DOI: 10.1039/c6mt00183a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Numerous in vivo studies have shown that the severe toxic side-effects of intravenously administered cisplatin can be significantly reduced by the co-administration of sulfur-containing 'chemoprotective agents'. Using a metallomics approach, a likely biochemical basis for these potentially useful observations was only recently uncovered and appears to involve the reaction of chemoprotective agents with cisplatin-derived Pt-species in human plasma to form novel platinum-sulfur complexes (PSC's). We here reveal aspects of the structure of two PSC's and establish the identification of an optimal chemoprotective agent to ameliorate the toxic side-effects of cisplatin, while leaving its antineoplastic activity largely intact, as a feasible research strategy to transform cisplatin into a safer and more effective anticancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melani Sooriyaarachchi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Graham N George
- Molecular and Environmental Science Research Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N 5E2, Canada and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada and Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Ingrid J Pickering
- Molecular and Environmental Science Research Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N 5E2, Canada and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada and Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Aru Narendran
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, AB T3B 6A8, Canada
| | - Jürgen Gailer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
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8
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Lo WC, Wu CT, Lee HC, Young YH, Chang YL, Cheng PW. Evaluation of geranylgeranylacetone against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity by auditory brainstem response, heat shock proteins and oxidative levels in guinea pigs. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2017; 61:29-35. [PMID: 28344103 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to assess whether geranylgeranylacetone (GGA) could reduce ototoxicity induced by cisplatin through upregulation of not only heat shock protein(HSP)-70, but also HSP-27 and HSP-40, and to study if GGA would reduce cisplatin-induced increase in oxidative stress. 48 guinea pigs were used in this study and treated with the following regimen: 0.5% CMC (sodium carboxymethyl cellulose) control for 7days, GGA (600mg/kg/d) for 7days, a combination of GGA (600mg/kg) for 7days and then one dose of 10mg/kg cisplatin (GGA+Cis), and a combination of CMC for 7days and then 10mg/kg cisplatin (cisplatin group). Auditory brainstem response (ABR) measurement was performed in each animal at time before treatment and 7days after the last dose. Additionally, HSPs, nitric oxide (NO), and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels in cochlear membranous tissues were assessed. The mean ABR thresholds in the cisplatin group were significantly (p<0.05) increased when compared to the other three groups. In guinea pigs receiving both GGA and cisplatin, the mean threshold shift (TS) were smaller (p<0.05) than those of the cisplatin group, but larger (p<0.05) than those of the CMC control or GGA only group with statistical significance. Compared to the GGA only group or the group treated with GGA+Cis, the cisplatin group had the highest (p<0.05) oxidative stress (NO and LPO levels), and the lowest (p<0.05) mean HSPs expression levels. It can be concluded that GGA attenuate ototoxicity induced by cisplatin through upregulation of HSP-27, -40, and -70. Moreover, increased oxidative stress induced by cisplatin in the cochlea membranous tissue could be reduced by pre-treatment of GGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Chia Lo
- Graduate Institute of Pathology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Otolaryngology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Tu Wu
- Graduate Institute of Pathology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hillary Chiao Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ho Young
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Leong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Pathology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Wen Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Borges E, Menezes DC, Guimarães AP. Molecular docking studies of dithiocarbamates compounds interactions with jack-bean urease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cdc.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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10
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Morris TT, Ruan Y, Lewis VA, Narendran A, Gailer J. Fortification of blood plasma from cancer patients with human serum albumin decreases the concentration of cisplatin-derived toxic hydrolysis products in vitro. Metallomics 2015; 6:2034-41. [PMID: 25255207 DOI: 10.1039/c4mt00220b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
While cisplatin (CP) is still one of the world's bestselling anticancer drugs, its intravenous administration is inherently associated with severe, dose limiting toxic side-effects. Although the molecular basis of the latter are not well understood, biochemical transformations of CP in blood and the interaction of the generated platinum species with plasma proteins likely play a critical role since these processes will ultimately determine which platinum-species reach the intended tumor cells as well as non-target cells. Compared to healthy subjects, cancer patients often have decreased plasma human serum albumin (HSA) concentrations. Little, however, is known about how the plasma HSA concentration will affect the metabolism of CP. To gain insight, we obtained blood plasma from healthy adults (n = 20, 42 ± 4 g HSA per L) and pediatric cancer patients (n = 11, 26 ± 7 g HSA per L). After the incubation of plasma at 37 °C, a pharmacologically relevant dose of CP was added and the Pt-distribution therein was determined by size-exclusion chromatography coupled on-line to an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer. At the 2 h time point, a 5.9% increase of toxic CP-derived hydrolysis products was detected in pediatric cancer patient plasma, while 9.8% less platinum was protein bound compared to plasma from healthy controls. These in vitro results suggest that the elevated concentration of highly reactive free CP-derived hydrolysis products in plasma may cause the toxic side-effects in cancer patients. More importantly, the deliberate increase of the plasma HSA concentration in cancer patients prior to CP treatment would represent a simple strategy to possibly alleviate the fraction of patients that suffer from drug induced toxic side-effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas T Morris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
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11
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Hearing Loss After Cisplatin: Oxidative Stress Pathways and Potential for Protection. FREE RADICALS IN ENT PATHOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-13473-4_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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12
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Sooriyaarachchi M, White WM, Narendran A, Gailer J. Chemoprotection byd-methionine against cisplatin-induced side-effects: insight from in vitro studies using human plasma. Metallomics 2014; 6:532-41. [DOI: 10.1039/c3mt00238a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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13
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Costa Júnior A, Versiane O, Faget Ondar G, Ramos J, Ferreira GB, Martin A, Téllez Soto C. An experimental and theoretical approach of spectroscopic and structural properties of the bis(diethyldithiocarbamate)–cobalt(II). J Mol Struct 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2012.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Schilder
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111
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15
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Barabas K, Milner R, Lurie D, Adin C. Cisplatin: a review of toxicities and therapeutic applications. Vet Comp Oncol 2008; 6:1-18. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5829.2007.00142.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Bradley K, Ian Robins H. Neurologic Complications of Therapy. Oncology 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/0-387-31056-8_79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Schiessl W, Puchta R, Bugarčić ŽD, Heinemann FW, van Eldik R. Systematic Counterion Tuning of the Solid-State Structure of [Pt(thiourea)4]2+. Eur J Inorg Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200601028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Abstract
The development of neurotoxicity during antineoplastic therapy is one of the most common reasons for termination or modification of cancer treatment. A number of different agents have been proposed to provide neuroprotection without affecting antitumor efficacy. This review provides an evidence-based summary of neuroprotective medicines, an overview of the literature relating to neuroprotection during cancer treatment and a Neurologist perspective risk assessment and management. Through a systematic review the authors identified 49 papers published to date that report human clinical trials involving potential neuroprotectants in adults. Case reports and series completed in a prospective fashion were also included. Sensory neuropathies were the most prevalent subtype in the literature, and most were at least partially reversible with or without neuroprotective treatment. The majority of study medications had minimal side effects, though 2 trials were prematurely terminated because of adverse patient outcomes. No study reported an effect on antitumor efficacy. Because of the variability in study design, cancer type, outcome measures, and clinical confirmation of neuropathy, meta-analysis could not be appropriately performed. We highlight risk factors and discuss neuropathy screening. Descriptive analysis is provided which reveals that many of the agents studied were likely to confer some at least some neuroprotective benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Walker
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Valentine HL, Does MD, Marshall V, Tonkin EG, Valentine WM. Multicomponent T2 analysis of dithiocarbamate-mediated peripheral nerve demyelination. Neurotoxicology 2007; 28:645-54. [PMID: 17350098 PMCID: PMC1976306 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2007.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2006] [Revised: 12/19/2006] [Accepted: 01/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Standard light microscope histological evaluation of peripheral nerve lesions has been used routinely to assess peripheral nerve demyelination; however, the development of magnetic resonance (MR) methodology for assessing peripheral nerve may provide complementary information, with less expense and in less time than nerve histology methods. In this study, the utility of multicomponent NMR T(2) relaxation analysis for assessing myelin injury in toxicology studies was examined using two dithiocarbamates, N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate (DEDC) and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), known to produce myelin injury and elevate copper in the nervous system. T(2) analysis was used in conjunction with standard histological methods to assess myelin injury and determine if dithiocarbamate-mediated copper accumulation in peripheral nerve was associated with more severe myelin lesions. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered i.p. DEDC for 8 weeks and maintained on either a diet containing normal (13 ppm) or elevated (200 ppm) copper. Another group of male Sprague-Dawley rats was administered oral PDTC and a 200 ppm copper diet, with controls given only the 200 ppm copper diet, for 47 weeks. Following exposures, the morphology of sciatic nerve was evaluated using light microscopy and multicomponent T(2) analysis of excised fixed nerves; and copper levels in sciatic nerve were determined using ICP-AES. Light microscopy demonstrated the presence of a primary myelinopathy in dithiocarbamate-exposed rats characterized by intramyelinic edema, demyelination, and secondary axonal degeneration. Both the nerve copper level and number of degenerated axons, as ascertained by ICP-AES and microscopy, respectively, were augmented by dietary copper supplementation in conjunction with administration of DEDC or PDTC. T(2) analysis revealed a decreased contribution from the shortest T(2) component in multicomponent T(2) spectra obtained from animals administered DEDC or PDTC, consistent with decreased myelin content; and the decrease of the myelin water component was inversely correlated to the levels of nerve copper and myelin lesion counts. Also, the T(2) analysis showed reduced variability compared to histological assessment. These studies support multicomponent T(2) analysis as a complementary method to light microscopic evaluations that may also be applicable to in vivo assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly L Valentine
- Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 21st Avenue S., Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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Puchta R, Meier R, van Eikema Hommes NJR, van Eldik R. Quantum Chemical Analysis of the Enantiomerisation Mechanism of Complexes of the Type [MII(XU)4]F+ (M = Pt, Pd, Ni; X = S, Se, Te;U = urea). Eur J Inorg Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200600483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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21
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Abstract
Chemotherapeutic agents can produce a variety of acute and chronic organ toxicities. Since many antitumor drugs and their metabolites are cleared renally, the kidneys are vulnerable to injury. The drugs involved will determine the site of injury within the kidney, resulting in clinical manifestations ranging from an asymptomatic rise in serum creatinine to acute renal failure. The most common renal toxicities of chemotherapeutic agents are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja J A de Jonge
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus Medical Center/Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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22
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Verschraagen M, Boven E, Torun E, Erkelens CAM, Hausheer FH, van der Vijgh WJF. Pharmacokinetic behaviour of the chemoprotectants BNP7787 and mesna after an i.v. bolus injection in rats. Br J Cancer 2004; 90:1654-9. [PMID: 15083199 PMCID: PMC2410273 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6601719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In preclinical studies, BNP7787 (disodium 2,2′-dithio-bis-ethane sulphonate), the disulphide form of mesna, has demonstrated selective protection against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity due to conversion into mesna inactivating toxic platinum species. Mesna (sodium 2-mercapto ethane sulphonate), however, can affect the antitumour activity of cisplatin, while BNP7787 does not interfere with the antitumour activity. To understand the difference in interference with cisplatin-induced antitumour activity between BNP7787 and mesna as well to characterise the selective nephroprotection by BNP7787, the pharmacokinetics of BNP7787 and mesna, each given i.v. 1000 mg kg−1, were determined in plasma, kidney, liver, red blood cells (RBC), skeletal muscle and tumour of Fischer rats bearing subcutaneously implanted WARD colon tumours. The following results were obtained: (1) high concentrations of BNP7787 and mesna were observed in the plasma and kidney after administration of BNP7787 or mesna, except for mesna in plasma after BNP7787 administration; (2) in all other sampled compartments, the AUC values of both compounds were at least 5.5-fold lower than the corresponding values in kidney; (3) the AUC of mesna in plasma after mesna administration was comparable to the AUC of mesna in kidney after a dose of BNP7787 that can completely prevent cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats; (4) the AUC of mesna in plasma was five-fold higher relative to the AUC of mesna following BNP7787 administration (P<0.01). In conclusion, the five-fold higher AUC of mesna in plasma after mesna administration and the fact that mesna is more reactive with (hydrated) cisplatin than its disulphide form BNP7787 represent a plausible explanation as to why mesna administration can reduce the antitumour activity of cisplatin. After BNP7787 administration, the distribution of BNP7787 and mesna was restricted to the kidney, which confirmed the selective protection of the kidney by BNP7787.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Verschraagen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E Boven
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E Torun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C A M Erkelens
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F H Hausheer
- BioNumerik Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 8122 Datapoint Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - W J F van der Vijgh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands. E-mail:
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Abstract
Cisplatin remains a major antineoplastic drug for the treatment of solid tumors. Its chief dose-limiting side effect is nephrotoxicity, which evolves slowly and predictably after initial and repeated exposure. The kidney accumulates cisplatin to a higher degree than other organs perhaps via mediated transport. Functionally, reduced renal perfusion and a concentrating defect characterize its nephrotoxicity, whereas morphologically necrosis of the terminal portion of the proximal tubule and apoptosis predominantly in the distal nephron characterize its effects on cell fate. Among the earliest reactions of the kidney to cisplatin is the activation of the MAPK cascade and molecular responses typical of the stress response. Repression of genes characteristic of the mature phenotype of the kidney, especially those serving transport function of the kidney, is also prominent. Metabolic responses, cell cycle events and the inflammatory cascade seem to be important determinants of the degree of renal failure induced by cisplatin. Manipulation of these responses may be exploited to reduce its toxicity clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Istvan Arany
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
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Wang J, Lloyd Faulconbridge RV, Fetoni A, Guitton MJ, Pujol R, Puel JL. Local application of sodium thiosulfate prevents cisplatin-induced hearing loss in the guinea pig. Neuropharmacology 2003; 45:380-93. [PMID: 12871655 DOI: 10.1016/s0028-3908(03)00194-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP), an anticancer drug used extensively to treat a broad range of neoplasms, has strong ototoxic side effects. Sodium thiosulfate (STS) has been described as a protective agent against CDDP toxicity, but it also reduces CDDP's antitumoral cytotoxicity. To maintain the antitumoral effectiveness of systemic administration of CDDP, a strategy has been developed to apply STS directly into the cochlea. Perfusion of STS into the cochleae of guinea pigs completely prevented CDDP-induced hearing loss, with no change in either compound action potential (CAP) or distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) audiograms during the time course of the treatment. Histological analysis revealed a minimal loss of outer hair cells (OHCs) in the organ of Corti and no damage to the marginal cells of the stria vascularis as seen in animals exposed to CDDP. Cytocochleograms prepared 6 days after CDDP exposure showed that STS treatment protected more than 92.8% of OHCs and IHCs destined to die. Furthermore, it prevented CDDP-induced mitochondrial damage and subsequent translocation of cytochrome c, DNA fragmentation, and suppressed the apoptotic and necrotic hair cell degeneration. These results suggest that local application of STS may be an interesting strategy to prevent CDDP ototoxicity in patients undergoing CDDP chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- INSERM-U583, 71, rue de Navacelles, 34090, Montpellier, France
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25
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Ekborn A, Laurell G, Ehrsson H, Miller J. Intracochlear administration of thiourea protects against cisplatin-induced outer hair cell loss in the guinea pig. Hear Res 2003; 181:109-15. [PMID: 12855369 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5955(03)00181-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Amelioration of cisplatin-induced side-effects is of great clinical importance. Local administration of a cytoprotective agent to the inner ear offers a possibility to prevent cisplatin-induced ototoxicity without risk of interference with the antitumour effect. The ideal substance for local administration has yet to be identified. Thiourea (TU) has unique properties that make it an interesting candidate. This study was initiated to test the hypothesis that TU given by local administration protects against cisplatin ototoxicity in the guinea pig. After baseline auditory brainstem response (ABR) assessment, the left cochlea was implanted with a microtip catheter connected to an osmotic pump filled with either 27 mg/ml TU in artificial perilymph (AP), or AP administered for the full duration of the study. Three days post-implant, animals with normal ABRs received an intravenous injection of 8 mg/kg body-weight cisplatin. Five days after the cisplatin treatment ABRs were reassessed, animals decapitated and bilateral cytocochleograms prepared. TU-treated ears demonstrated significantly lower outer hair cell (OHC) loss as compared to contralateral untreated ears, and significantly lower OHC loss compared to AP-treated ears. ABR threshold shift did not differ significantly between the two groups. It can be postulated that TU demonstrates partial protection against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ekborn
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Karolinska Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden.
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26
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Verschraagen M, Kedde MA, Hausheer FH, Van Der Vijgh WJF. The chemical reactivity of BNP7787 and its metabolite mesna with the cytostatic agent cisplatin: comparison with the nucleophiles thiosulfate, DDTC, glutathione and its disulfide GSSG. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2003; 51:499-504. [PMID: 12715205 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-003-0610-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2002] [Accepted: 02/27/2003] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE BNP7787 is a new chemoprotective agent presently under clinical investigation to protect against cisplatin-induced toxicities, especially nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity. In the kidneys BNP7787 is postulated to undergo selective conversion into mesna, which can locally detoxify cisplatin. The reactivity of cisplatin with this new chemoprotective agent and with its metabolite mesna was investigated at clinically observed plasma concentrations and compared with the nucleophiles thiosulfate (TS) and DDTC, and with the endogenous compounds glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG). METHODS Reaction kinetics experiments were performed at 37 degrees C and pH 7.4 in the presence of a high chloride concentration (0.15 M). The degradation of cisplatin was measured over time using HPLC with off-line flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry. RESULTS The degradation half-lives of cisplatin (13.5 microM) with 17.2 m M BNP7787, 340 microM mesna and 17.2 m M mesna were 124 min, about 790 min and 73 min, respectively. Cisplatin reacted at least 9.5 times more slowly with 17.2 mM BNP7787 and 5.5 times more slowly with 17.2 mM mesna than with 17.2 mM of the modulating agents DDTC or TS (i.e. half-lives 11 and 13 min, respectively). The half-lives of cisplatin with 17.2 m M GSH and GSSG (i.e. 122 and 115 min, respectively) were comparable with the half-life obtained with BNP7787. The thiol mesna was shown to be a stronger nucleophile than its corresponding disulfide BNP7787. CONCLUSIONS The much slower relative reactivity of BNP7787, the short residence of BNP7787 (approximately 2 h) and the much lower concentration of mesna in the circulation following BNP7787 administration precludes chemical inactivation of cisplatin in the circulation, and thus the antitumor activity of cisplatin is maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda Verschraagen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Abstract
Amifostine (Ethyol), an inorganic thiophosphate, is a selective broad-spectrum cytoprotector of normal tissues that provides cytoprotection against ionizing radiation and chemotherapeutic agents, thus preserving the efficacy of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This review summarizes the preclinical data and clinical experience with amifostine, and provides insight into future clinical directions. Amifostine, an inactive pro-drug, is transformed to an active thiol after dephosphorylation by alkaline phosphatase found in the normal endothelium. The absence of alkaline phosphatase in the tumoral endothelium and stromal components, and the hypovascularity and acidity of the tumor environment, may explain its cytoprotective selectivity. The cytoprotective mechanism of amifostine is complicated, involving free radical scavenging, DNA protection and repair acceleration, and induction of cellular hypoxia. Intravenous administration of amifostine 740-900 mg/m(2) before chemotherapy and 250-350 mg/m(2) before each radiotherapy fraction are widely used regimens. The US Food and Drug Administration has approved the use of amifostine as a cytoprotector for cisplatin chemotherapy and for radiation-induced xerostomia. Ongoing trials are being conducted to determine the efficacy of amifostine in reducing radiation-induced mucositis and other toxicities. Novel schedules and routes of administration are under investigation, and may further simplify the use of amifostine and considerably broaden its applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Koukourakis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis 68100, Greece.
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Abstract
Nephrotoxicity is an inherent adverse effect of certain anticancer drugs. Renal dysfunction can be categorised as prerenal uraemia, intrinsic damage or postrenal uraemia according to the underlying pathophysiological process. Renal hypoperfusion promulgates prerenal uraemia. Intrinsic renal damage results from prolonged hypoperfusion, exposure to exogenous or endogenous nephrotoxins, renotubular precipitation of xenobiotics or endogenous compounds, renovascular obstruction, glomerular disease, renal microvascular damage or disease, and tubulointerstitial damage or disease. Postrenal uraemia is a consequence of clinically significant urinary tract obstruction. Clinical signs of nephrotoxicity and methods used to assess renal function are discussed. Mechanisms of chemotherapy-induced renal dysfunction generally include damage to vasculature or structures of the kidneys, haemolytic uraemic syndrome and prerenal perfusion deficits. Patients with cancer are frequently at risk of renal impairment secondary to disease-related and iatrogenic causes. This article reviews the incidence, presentation, prevention and management of anticancer drug-induced renal dysfunction. Dose-related nephrotoxicity subsequent to administration of certain chloroethylnitrosourea compounds (carmustine, semustine and streptozocin) is commonly heralded by increased serum creatinine levels, uraemia and proteinuria. Additional signs of streptozocin-induced nephrotoxicity include hypophosphataemia, hypokalaemia, hypouricaemia, renal tubular acidosis, glucosuria, aceturia and aminoaciduria. Cisplatin and carboplatin cause dose-related renal dysfunction. In addition to increased serum creatinine levels and uraemia, electrolyte abnormalities, such as hypomagnesaemia and hypokalaemia, are commonly reported adverse effects. Rarely, cisplatin has been implicated as the underlying cause of haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Pharmaceutical antidotes to cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity include amifostine, sodium thiosulfate and diethyldithiocarbamate. Dose- and age-related proximal tubular damage is an adverse effect of ifosfamide. In addition to renal wasting of electrolytes, glucose and amino acids, Fanconi syndrome, rickets and osteomalacia have occurred with ifosfamide treatment. High dose azacitidine causes renal dysfunction manifested by tubular acidosis, polyuria and increased urinary excretion of electrolytes, glucose and amino acids. Haemolytic uraemia is a rare adverse effect of gemcitabine. Methotrexate can cause increased serum creatinine levels, uraemia and haematuria. Acute renal failure is reported following administration of high dose methotrexate. Urinary alkalisation and hydration confer protection against methotrexate-induced renal dysfunction. Dose-related nephrotoxicity, including acute renal failure, are reported subsequent to treatment with pentostatin and diaziquone. Acute renal failure is a rare adverse effect of treatment with interferon-alpha. Haemolytic uraemic syndrome occurs with mitomycin administration. A mortality rate of 50 to 100% is reported in patients developing mitomycin-induced haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Capillary leak syndrome occurring with aldesleukin therapy can cause renal dysfunction. Infusion-related hypotension during infusion of high dose carmustine can precipitate renal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- P E Kintzel
- Department of Pharmacy, Harper Hospital, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA.
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29
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Ekborn A, Laurell G, Andersson A, Wallin I, Eksborg S, Ehrsson H. Cisplatin-induced hearing loss: influence of the mode of drug administration in the guinea pig. Hear Res 2000; 140:38-44. [PMID: 10675634 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5955(99)00190-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin (8 mg/kg) was given intravenously to guinea pigs either as a 15 s bolus injection (25 animals) or as a 1 h infusion (28 animals). To determine the influence of the mode of cisplatin administration and pharmacokinetics on the ototoxic side-effect, the concentrations of cisplatin and the biotransformation product monoaquated cisplatin were determined in blood ultrafiltrate using liquid chromatography with post-column derivatization. Ototoxic effect was evaluated as difference in pre- and 96 h post-exposure auditory brainstem response (ABR) threshold. The cisplatin peak concentration was considerably higher, 19.2+/-2.4 microg/ml, in the bolus injection group than in the infusion group, 6.7+/-0.5 microg/ml (mean+/-S.E.M.). The area under the blood ultrafiltrate concentration time curve (AUC) for cisplatin was slightly greater in the infusion group, 442+/-26 microg/ml/min, than in the bolus injection group, 340+/-5 microg/ml/min. For monoaqua cisplatin, the AUC was not different between the groups (bolus injection: 30.8+/-1. 5 microg/ml/min, infusion: 34.1+/-3.3 microg/ml/min). A significant ototoxic effect was observed in both groups at 20 and 12.5 kHz, but there was no difference between the groups in the extent of threshold shift. The interindividual variability in susceptibility to ABR threshold shift was far greater than the variability in pharmacokinetics, suggesting that other factors are more important in determining the degree of hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ekborn
- Department of Physiology, Karolinska Institute and ENT Clinic Karolinska Hospital, SE-17176, Stockholm, Sweden.
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30
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Kennedy SM, Borch RF. IL-1beta mediates diethyldithiocarbamate-induced granulocyte colony-stimulating factor production and hematopoiesis. Exp Hematol 1999; 27:210-6. [PMID: 10029158 DOI: 10.1016/s0301-472x(98)00033-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) exhibits chemoprotective effects via reduced myelosuppression in mice treated with various chemotherapeutic agents. The mechanism of DDTC-mediated chemoprotection is believed to involve the induction and release of several cytokines, including interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). In the present study the roles of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha in DDTC-mediated G-CSF induction were examined using human long-term bone marrow cultures (hLTBMCs). Administration of IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) to DDTC-treated hLTBMCs obviated the G-CSF induction profile and blocked the resultant colony proliferation, indicating that IL-1beta mediates DDTC-induced G-CSF release and hematopoiesis. IL-1beta mRNA levels were increased threefold over control following DDTC treatment of hLTBMCs, implying that DDTC induces IL-1beta at the level of transcription. Conversely, studies involving inhibition of DDTC-induced TNF-alpha synthesis, with the inhibitor MNX 160, had no effect on DDTC-induced G-CSF release or colony proliferation. These findings taken together strongly suggest that IL-1beta mediates the chemoprotective effects of DDTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Kennedy
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, NY, USA
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31
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Bukowski R. Cytoprotection in the treatment of pediatric cancer: review of current strategies in adults and their application to children. MEDICAL AND PEDIATRIC ONCOLOGY 1999; 32:124-34. [PMID: 9950201 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-911x(199902)32:2<124::aid-mpo10>3.0.co;2-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The protection of patients from the acute and/or chronic toxicity of antineoplastic therapy has become a major concern of oncology centers around the world. However, most of the effort has been directed toward the adult population, and limited studies have been performed in the group that may gain the most from such strategies, namely, children. PROCEDURES The MedLine and CancerLit databases were surveyed, and the relevant biomedical literature on cytoprotection during antineoplastic treatment was analyzed. RESULTS Cytotoxicity from antineoplastic therapy customarily is addressed by altering dosing schedules, a technique that can seriously impact the efficacy of the therapy. Colony stimulating factors have been used posttherapy to stimulate recovery from neutropenia, and various agents have been proposed as pretherapy cytoprotectors. Trials in adults have produced mixed results, and, to date, only amifostine and dexrazoxane have been approved as cytoprotectors for very narrow indications. Few trials have been performed in children, although these patients often can look forward to long-term remission. CONCLUSIONS To prevent permanent toxicities from antineoplastic therapies that impact long-term pediatric survivors, the experience gained in adults should be extended more aggressively to children, and formal, randomized trials should be performed to determine the type of protection most suitable for the pediatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bukowski
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio 44195, USA
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32
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Cvitkovic E. Cumulative toxicities from cisplatin therapy and current cytoprotective measures. Cancer Treat Rev 1998; 24:265-81. [PMID: 9805507 DOI: 10.1016/s0305-7372(98)90061-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Cvitkovic
- SMSIT, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
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33
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Bierbach U, Hambley TW, Farrell N. Modification of Platinum(II) Antitumor Complexes with Sulfur Ligands. 1. Synthesis, Structure, and Spectroscopic Properties of Cationic Complexes of the Types [PtCl(diamine)(L)]NO3 and [{PtCl(diamine)}2(L-L)](NO3)2 (L = Monofunctional Thiourea Derivative; L-L = Bifunctional Thiourea Derivative). Inorg Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ic970420y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Bierbach
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2006, and School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Trevor W. Hambley
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2006, and School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Nicholas Farrell
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2006, and School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Rybak LP, Husain K, Evenson L, Morris C, Whitworth C, Somani SM. Protection by 4-methylthiobenzoic acid against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity: antioxidant system. PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY 1997; 81:173-9. [PMID: 9353848 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1997.tb02065.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study was undertaken in order to determine the changes in auditory brainstem-evoked responses relationship with the changes in the levels of GSH, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes activity in cisplatin-induced ototoxicity and otoprotection by 4-methylthiobenzoic acid (MTBA). Male Wistar rats in different groups were treated as follows: 1) saline control; 2) cisplatin (16 mg/kg, intraperitoneally); 3) MTBA (250 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), and 4) cisplatin plus MTBA. Post-treatment auditory brainstem-evoked responses were performed after three days and the rats were sacrificed and cochleae harvested. The cochleae were analyzed for glutathione (GSH), antioxidant enzyme activity, and malondialdehyde levels. The cisplatin injected rats showed a threshold elevation of 31.9 +/- 16.0 dB above the pretreatment thresholds using click stimulus. Rats treated with MTBA plus cisplatin did not show significant elevation of hearing threshold. Cisplatin plus MTBA administration showed a higher levels of cochlear GSH (5.59 +/- 0.35 nmoles/mg protein) compared to cisplatin alone (4.46 +/- 0.13 nmoles/mg protein). Cisplatin treated rats showed a decrease in superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-peroxidase), and glutathione reductase (GSH-reductase) activities (57%, 83%, 78% and 58% of control). Cochlear superoxide dismutase, catalase and GSH-reductase activities and MDA levels were restored in the rats injected with cisplatin plus MTBA, compared to cisplatin alone. It is concluded that the protection conferred by MTBA against cisplatin ototoxicity is associated with sparing of the cochlear antioxidant system.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P Rybak
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University, School of Medicine, Springfield 62794-1222, USA
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35
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Weijl NI, Cleton FJ, Osanto S. Free radicals and antioxidants in chemotherapy-induced toxicity. Cancer Treat Rev 1997; 23:209-40. [PMID: 9377594 DOI: 10.1016/s0305-7372(97)90012-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N I Weijl
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands
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36
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Imai T, Fujii K, Shiraishi S, Otagiri M. Alteration of pharmacokinetics and nephrotoxicity of cisplatin by alginates. J Pharm Sci 1997; 86:244-7. [PMID: 9040103 DOI: 10.1021/js9601997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to demonstrate that alginates could form a complex with cisplatin and that the pharmacokinetics and nephrotoxicity of cisplatin could be altered by this complexation. The complexes were prepared with alginates of mean molecular weights of 10000 (AL-1) and 40000 (AL-2). The plasma clearances of cisplatin-alginate complexes were significantly reduced when compared with the drug alone. Urinary excretion of platinum (Pt) was increased when animals were dosed with the cisplatin-AL-1 complex, but not with the cisplatin-AL-2 complex. Renal clearance of cisplatin, when administered alone, was more rapid during the first 2 h than the rest of the study period (96 h) and was higher than its plasma clearance, which is consistent with irreversible binding of cisplatin to plasma protein. On the other hand, renal clearance of cisplatin-alginate complexes was not highly time dependent, and the values were more similar to those of plasma clearance. Complexation of cisplatin with alginates, especially AL-1, inhibited the accumulation of Pt in the kidneys and reduced blood urea nitrogen elevation by cisplatin. The in vitro antitumor activities against U937, P388, and cisplatin-resistant P388 (P388/cisplatin) cells were similar among cisplatin and its alginate complexes. These studies indicated that the pharmacokinetics and nephrotoxicity of cisplatin could be altered through complexation with alginate by (1) reducing cisplatin clearance, (2) inhibition of Pt accumulation of in the kidneys, and (3) reduction of apparent nephrotoxicity without decrease in in vitro antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Imai
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
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37
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Campbell KC, Rybak LP, Meech RP, Hughes L. D-methionine provides excellent protection from cisplatin ototoxicity in the rat. Hear Res 1996; 102:90-8. [PMID: 8951454 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5955(96)00152-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent. Unfortunately, CDDP is highly ototoxic. We tested D-methionine (D-Met), a sulfur containing compound, as an otoprotectant in male Wistar rats. Complete data sets were obtained for five groups of five animals each, including a treated control group (16 mg/kg CDDP), an untreated control group (administered an equivalent volume of saline) and three groups that received either 75, 150, or 300 mg/kg D-Met 30 min prior to the 16 mg/kg CDDP dosing. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) thresholds were obtained in response to clicks, and 1 kHz, 4 kHz, 8 kHz, and 14 kHz toneburst stimuli, before and 3 days after drug administration. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine the outer hair cells of the apical, middle and basal turns of the cochlea. Animal weight was measured on the first and final day. D-Met provided excellent otoprotection even at the lowest level with complete otoprotection obtained for the 300 mg/kg dosing as measured by both ABR and SEM. D-Met also markedly reduced weight loss and mortality. All animals receiving D-Met (15/15) survived to the end of the study period as opposed to only 5/10 of the treated controls.
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MESH Headings
- Acoustic Stimulation
- Administration, Oral
- Analysis of Variance
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents/toxicity
- Auditory Threshold/drug effects
- Cisplatin/administration & dosage
- Cisplatin/toxicity
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem/drug effects
- Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem/physiology
- Hair Cells, Auditory, Outer/cytology
- Hair Cells, Auditory, Outer/drug effects
- Hair Cells, Auditory, Outer/ultrastructure
- Male
- Methionine/administration & dosage
- Methionine/pharmacology
- Methionine/therapeutic use
- Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
- Poisoning/mortality
- Poisoning/prevention & control
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Stereoisomerism
- Tissue Fixation
- Weight Loss/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Campbell
- Department of Surgery, SIU School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62794-1618, USA
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Zagonel V, Fratino L, Sacco C, Babare R, Spazzapan S, Gattei V, Improta S, Pinto A. Reducing chemotherapy-associated toxicity in elderly cancer patients. Cancer Treat Rev 1996; 22:223-44. [PMID: 8841391 DOI: 10.1016/s0305-7372(96)90003-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- V Zagonel
- Division of Medical Oncology, I.N.R.C.C.S. Aviano, Italy
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Abstract
The toxicity associated with chemotherapy is significant and dose limiting. Multiple organ systems can be affected, with both acute and chronic side effects producing adverse effects. The concept of cytoprotection, or the selective protection of normal tissues is a strategy now being investigated in preclinical and clinical models. Systemic approaches have included the use of compounds such as sodium thiosulphate, diethyldithiocarbamate and amifostine. The most promising results have been obtained with the organic thiophosphate compound amifostine (Ethyol, WR-2721).
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Bukowski
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Department of Hematology/Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Cancer Center, Ohio 44195-5237, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Accidental cisplatin overdose occurs with increasing frequency despite the safeguards taken in prescription and administration, since cisplatin has been used increasingly for the treatment of numerous malignancies. Accidentally, a 59-year-old male received massive cisplatin overdose of 300mg/m2. METHODS Laboratory documentation included measurement of cisplatin concentrations by flameless atomic absorption spectroscopy (Varian, Spectra AA 300). RESULTS Toxicities included severe emesis, myelosuppression, renal failure, mental deterioration with hallucination, dim vision and hepatic toxicity. Plasmapheresis was effective in lowering the platinum concentration from greatest 2979 ng/ml to 185 ng/ml and appeared to be of clinical benefit. Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was used to ameliorate myelosuppression. The patient's renal function was restored 3 months later and partial response of esophageal cancer was obtained. CONCLUSIONS Plasmapheresis was effective in lowering the platinum concentration in massive cisplatin overdose. This case heightens awareness to the possibility of accidental cisplatin overdose and the benefits of prompt management.
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Affiliation(s)
- H K Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Women's University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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41
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Abstract
Major modalities of treatment in small cell lung cancer include chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgery and all of these cause both early and late toxicities. Common toxicities, both early and late, are described in all of the modalities of treatment. Emphasis on new approaches such as the use of colony-stimulating factors to reduce myelosuppression, new antiemetics to make cisplatin and anthracyclines much more tolerable, the use of cardiotoxic anthracyclines such as Epirubicin and emphasis on the incidence of second malignancies in this population, some of which will likely decrease due to decreased use of procarbazine and nitrosoureas along with fewer courses of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Feld
- Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Pinzani V, Bressolle F, Haug IJ, Galtier M, Blayac JP, Balmès P. Cisplatin-induced renal toxicity and toxicity-modulating strategies: a review. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1994; 35:1-9. [PMID: 7987972 DOI: 10.1007/bf00686277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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43
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Unlike the related drug carboplatin, cisplatin is highly nephrotoxic and must be given with vigorous intravenous hydration at a much lower dose. As the result of an accidental substitution of cisplatin for carboplatin, a 68-year-old woman received a massive overdose of cisplatin without intravenous hydration. METHODS Laboratory documentation included measurements of platinum concentrations by atomic absorption spectroscopy and of xeroderma pigmentosum group E (XPE) binding factor, a protein that is involved in the recognition step of DNA repair. RESULTS Toxicities included severe emesis, myelosuppression, renal failure, and deafness, which are well known. Other toxicities were seizures, hallucinations, loss of vision, and hepatic toxicity, which were unusual and may have been caused by the magnitude of the overdose. As late as day 19, there was a continued cellular response from cisplatin, as evidenced by decreased levels of XPE binding factor in extracts from the patient's peripheral blood lymphocytes. Plasmapheresis was effective in lowering the platinum concentration from greater than 2900 ng/ml to 200 ng/ml and appeared to be of clinical benefit. Even after the onset of renal failure, hydration to increase urine volume resulted in increased urinary excretion of platinum. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was used to ameliorate myelosuppression. The patient received a transplanted kidney from her monozygotic twin sister and survived with no clinically significant deficit except for deafness. CONCLUSION No previous reports exist of survival after such a high dose of cisplatin without intravenous hydration. In the future, patients may benefit from similar management and heightened awareness of the possibility of accidental substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Chu
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, California
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44
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Francis P, Markman M, Hakes T, Reichman B, Rubin S, Jones W, Lewis JL, Curtin J, Barakat R, Phillips M. Diethyldithiocarbamate chemoprotection of carboplatin--induced hematological toxicity. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1993; 119:360-2. [PMID: 8383690 DOI: 10.1007/bf01208846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Carboplatin therapy has a more favorable toxicity profile than cisplatin and, given in appropriate doses, is equivalent in efficacy to cisplatin for suboptimal ovarian cancer. However myelosuppression frequently curtails therapy with carboplatin. Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) is a thiol compound and heavy-metal-chelating agent that has been shown to protect against carboplatin-induced bone marrow suppression in animal models. This pilot study was undertaken to evaluate the ability of DDTC to ameliorate the degree and/or duration of myelosuppression from carboplatin chemotherapy in patients with relapsed ovarian cancer. Ten patients who had previously demonstrated a response to platinum-based chemotherapy, were treated with single-agent intravenous carboplatin 400 mg/m2 administered over 30-60 min every 4 weeks. Patients received their first cycle of carboplatin without DDTC, and their second cycle with DDTC. DDTC at 600 mg/m2 was infused over 3 h commencing 30 min prior to carboplatin and was well tolerated. Treatment with DDTC did not decrease the degree of leukopenia or thrombocytopenia associated with carboplatin chemotherapy, nor did it decrease the duration of myelosuppression. This clinical study demonstrates no evidence of a bone-marrow-protective effect for this dose and schedule of DDTC in patients receiving carboplatin chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Francis
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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45
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Merrouche Y, Catimel G, Clavel M. Hematopoietic growth factors and chemoprotectants: should we move toward a two-step process for phase I clinical trials in oncology? Ann Oncol 1993; 4:471-4. [PMID: 8353088 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.annonc.a058555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y Merrouche
- Medical Oncology Department, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
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46
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Treskes M, van der Vijgh WJ. WR2721 as a modulator of cisplatin- and carboplatin-induced side effects in comparison with other chemoprotective agents: a molecular approach. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1993; 33:93-106. [PMID: 8261581 DOI: 10.1007/bf00685326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin is an active cytostatic that became successful in the treatment of several types of solid tumours after its nephrotoxic potential was controlled by hydration and diuresis. Thiol compounds were tested to reduce further cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Thiosulphate is rapidly excreted by the kidneys and protects against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by inactivating reactive platinum species in the kidney. Due to inactivation of cisplatin in the circulation, thiosulphate also interferes with its antitumour activity. Therefore, it is mainly used in two-route schedules, whereby cisplatin is delivered locally to the tumour (i.p. or i.a.) while systemic (i.v.) thiosulphate protects the kidneys. Diethyldithiocarbamate was shown to protect against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in several animal models by reversing cellular damage. However, in the clinic it has been less successful, partly due to its central nervous system toxicity. The endogenous thiol compounds glutathione and metallothionein have been shown to reduce cisplatin-induced toxicity both in animal models and in clinical trials. However, the results are rather preliminary and a reduction in therapeutic efficacy may be expected, for both glutathione and metallothionein have been reported to be involved in platinum resistance. The thioether methionine has been shown to reduce cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in animal models but it has not yet been tested in the clinic. Cisplatin-induced acute emesis can be sufficiently controlled with a new class of 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 (5HT3)-receptor blockers, but delayed emesis remains a problem. High-dose cisplatin regimens with protection of the kidneys induces ototoxicity, peripheral neuropathy and myelotoxicity, which become dose-limiting. Neurotoxicity was partly reversed by the neurogenerative agent ORG2766, but this agent does not reduce other cisplatin-induced toxicities. Therefore, an agent capable of protecting multiple non-tumour tissues is needed. Carboplatin is a second-generation analogue of cisplatin with less nephro-, neuro- and ototoxicity. Carboplatin is at least as active as cisplatin at its maximum tolerated dose, which is defined by its myelotoxicity. Protection from carboplatin-induced myelotoxicity may be controlled by autologous bone marrow transplantation and/or hematopoietic growth factor infusions. High-dose carboplatin schedules may cause nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity and ototoxicity. Again, the protection of multiple non-tumour tissues is needed. WR2721 appears to be such a modulating agent capable of protecting multiple non-tumour tissues. It was shown to be preferentially metabolized and taken up as the thiol metabolite WR1065 by non-tumour tissues as compared with (hypoxic) solid tumours. It was shown to protect mice from cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and from cisplatin- and carboplatin-induced myelotoxicity without interfering with the antitumour activity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- M Treskes
- Department of Oncology, Free University Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Radacic M, Overgaard J, Skaric D, Skaric V, Horsman M. Reduction of cisplatinum-induced renal toxicity in mice by tetrahydroindazolonecarboxylic acid (HIDA) [corrected]. Acta Oncol 1993; 32:53-6. [PMID: 8466764 DOI: 10.3109/02841869309083885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The ability of tetrahydroindazolone carboxylic acid (HIDA) to reduce the toxicity of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (cis-DDP) in CDF1 mice was investigated. Toxicity was assessed both in terms of mouse lethality occurring within 14 days after treatment and kidney damage estimated by measurement of plasma urea. The levels of plasma urea were found to increase from day 2 after intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of cis-DDP, reaching a peak at day 5. This increase was also cis-DDP-dose dependent. An i.p. injection of HIDA reduced kidney damage only when given 2.5 h prior to cis-DDP and at HIDA doses of 100 mg/kg or larger. The protection ratio for this reduction was 1.10. HIDA also decreased mouse lethality from cis-DDP, resulting in a PR of 1.41. This protective effect of HIDA on cis-DDP toxicity may eventually have a clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Radacic
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Danish Cancer Society, Aarhus
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48
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East CJ, Borch RF. The importance of schedule on diethyldithiocarbamate modulation of drug-induced myelosuppression. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1992; 31:123-6. [PMID: 1333368 DOI: 10.1007/bf00685098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) has been investigated as a biochemical modulator of the toxicity associated with clinically used cancer chemotherapeutic agents. In the present study, we assessed the ability of DDTC to accelerate recovery of the granulocyte/macrophage progenitor cel (GM-CFC) population following treatment with the myelosuppressive drugs carboplatin (CBDCA), tetrachloro(d,1-trans)1,2-diaminocyclohexane platinum(IV) (tetraplatin), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and etoposide (VP-16) in B6D2F1 mice. Myelotoxicity was assessed 24 h after the injection of the anticancer drug using a GM-CFC clonogenic assay. In the case of all four anticancer drugs, the timing of DDTC administration appeared to be a critical parameter with regard to protection. A delay time of 1 h between the injection of the myelotoxic drug and treatment with DDTC (30 mg/kg) resulted in a significant reduction in cytotoxicity to GM-CFC, whereas a longer delay time did not. These results suggest that the timing of DDTC administration may be essential in modulating the myelosuppression associated with many chemotherapeutic regimens used in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J East
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY 14642
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