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Delshad M, Davoodi-Moghaddam Z, Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi A, Faranoush M, Abolghasemi H, Bashash D. Translating mechanisms into therapeutic strategies for immune thrombocytopenia (ITP): Lessons from clinical trials. Thromb Res 2024; 235:125-147. [PMID: 38335568 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder that causes a significant reduction in peripheral blood platelet count. Fortunately, due to an increased understanding of ITP, there have been significant improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of these patients. Over the past decade, there have been a variety of proven therapeutic options available for ITP patients, including intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG), Rituximab, corticosteroids, and thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RAs). Although the effectiveness of current therapies in treating more than two-thirds of patients, still some patients do not respond well to conventional therapies or fail to achieve long-term remission. Recently, a significant advancement has been made in identifying various mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of ITP, leading to the development of novel treatments targeting these pathways. It seems that new agents that target plasma cells, Bruton tyrosine kinase, FcRn, platelet desialylation, splenic tyrosine kinase, and classical complement pathways are opening new ways to treat ITP. In this study, we reviewed the pathophysiology of ITP and summarized updates in this population's management and treatment options. We also took a closer look at the 315 ongoing trials to investigate their progress status and compare the effectiveness of interventions. May our comprehensive view of ongoing clinical trials serve as a guiding beacon, illuminating the path towards future trials of different drugs in the treatment of ITP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahda Delshad
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Zeinab Davoodi-Moghaddam
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Faranoush
- Pediatric Growth and Development Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Abolghasemi
- Pediatric Congenital Hematologic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Bashash
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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TERZİ Ü, ATEŞ İ. THE POSSIBLE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SOME GENE POLYMORPHISMS AND SJOGREN’S SYNDROME. ANKARA UNIVERSITESI ECZACILIK FAKULTESI DERGISI 2023; 47:7-7. [DOI: 10.33483/jfpau.1328811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
Objective: Sjögren’s syndrome is a complex and widespread autoimmune disease whose pathogenesis is not fully elucidated and environmental and genetic factors affect the development of the disease. In order to reveal the effect of genetic contribution, studies have been conducted on the genes previously shown to play a role in other autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythromatosus. In addition, two GWAS studies were conducted to investigate the role of more genes in the disease by screening the entire genome and the relationship of previously unknown genes with SS was shown.
Result and Discussion: Studies are being conducted with spontaneous and genetically modified animal models in order to better reveal the relationship between SS and genes and to reinforce the data obtained from humans. In this study, the relationship between the genes previously studied in other autoimmune diseases and the genes associated with SS in GWAS studies and the possible pathways that may contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease through related genes were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ülkü TERZİ
- ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ECZACILIK FAKÜLTESİ, ECZACILIK MESLEK BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, FARMASOTİK TOKSİKOLOJİ ANABİLİM DALI
| | - İlker ATEŞ
- ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ECZACILIK FAKÜLTESİ, ECZACILIK MESLEK BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, FARMASOTİK TOKSİKOLOJİ ANABİLİM DALI
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Takemoto Y, Tanimine N, Yoshinaka H, Tanaka Y, Takafuta T, Sugiyama A, Tanaka J, Ohdan H. Multi-phasic gene profiling using candidate gene approach predict the capacity of specific antibody production and maintenance following COVID-19 vaccination in Japanese population. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1217206. [PMID: 37564647 PMCID: PMC10411726 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1217206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 is highly effective in preventing infection and reducing the severity of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). However, acquired humoral immunity wanes within six months. Focusing on the different tempo of acquisition and attenuation of specific antibody titers in individuals, we investigated the impact of genetic polymorphisms on antibody production after COVID-19 vaccination. Methods In total 236 healthcare workers from a Japanese municipal hospital, who received two doses of the vaccine were recruited. We employed a candidate gene approach to identify the target genetic polymorphisms affecting antibody production after vaccination. DNA samples from the study populations were genotyped for 33 polymorphisms in 15 distinct candidate genes encoding proteins involved in antigen-presenting cell activation, T cell activation, T-B interaction, and B cell survival. We measured total anti-SARS-Cov2 spike IgG antibody titers and analyzed the association with genetic polymorphisms at several time points after vaccination using an unbiased statistical method, and stepwise logistic regression following multivariate regression. Results Significant associations were observed between seven SNPs in NLRP3, OAS1, IL12B, CTLA4, and IL4, and antibody titers at 3 weeks after the first vaccination as an initial response. Six SNPs in NLRP3, TNF, OAS1, IL12B, and CTLA4 were associated with high responders with serum antibody titer > 4000 BAU/ml as boosting effect at 3 weeks after the second vaccination. Analysis of long-term maintenance showed the significance of the three SNPs in IL12B, IL7R, and MIF for the maintenance of antibody titers and that in BAFF for attenuation of neutralizing antibodies. Finally, we proposed a predictive model composed of gene profiles to identify the individuals with rapid antibody attenuation by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis (area under the curve (AUC)= 0.76, sensitivity = 82.5%, specificity=67.8%). Conclusions The candidate gene approach successfully showed shifting responsible gene profiles and initial and boosting effect mainly related to the priming phase into antibody maintenance including B cell survival, which traces the phase of immune reactions. These gene profiles provide valuable information for further investigation of humoral immunity against COVID-19 and for building a strategy for personalized vaccine schedules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Takemoto
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naoki Tanimine
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hisaaki Yoshinaka
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuka Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Toshiro Takafuta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima City Funairi Citizens Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Aya Sugiyama
- Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Junko Tanaka
- Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hideki Ohdan
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Cruz A, Gascón LG, Palafox-Sánchez CA, Flores-García C, Espinoza-García N, Sagrero-Fabela N, Cintra LTA, Mejía-Flores R, Salazar-Camarena DC. TNFSF13B rs9514828 gene polymorphism and soluble B cell activating factor levels: Association with apical periodontitis. Int Endod J 2023; 56:419-431. [PMID: 36508294 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this case-control study was to evaluate the association between the TNFSF13B rs9514828 (-871 C > T) polymorphism and soluble BAFF (sBAFF) in apical periodontitis (AP) patients. METHODOLOGY Two hundred and sixty one healthy subjects (HS) and 158 patients with AP classified as: 46 acute apical abscess (AAA), 81 primary AP (pAP) and 31 secondary AP (sAP) patients were included. Genomic DNA (gDNA) was extracted from peripheral blood cells according to the salting out method. The TNFSF13B rs9514828 (NC_000013.11:g.108269025C > T) were identified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP). Serum sBAFF levels were measured by ELISA test. The chi-squared or Fisher's exact test was performed. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated to evaluate the risk of AP associated with the rs9514828. The Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis analysis were used for non-normally distributed data. Differences were considered significant with a p-value <.05. RESULTS No differences in the genotype/allele frequencies were shown between HS and patients with AAA. However, the TT genotype (OR = 2.68, 95% CI: 1.10-6.53; p = .025) and T allele (OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.00-2.12; p = .045) were associated with increased risk of pAP. In contrast, the minor allele T significantly decreased the risk of sAP (OR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.024-0.99; p = .043). sBAFF serum levels were increased in AAA and pAP compared with HS (p < .01 and p = .021, respectively). The AAA patients had higher sBAFF serum levels than pAP (p = .034) and sAP (p < .01). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the TNFSF13B rs9514828 (-871 C > T) polymorphism is associated with pAP susceptibility and that BAFF is a cytokine that might be involved in acute and chronic AP. The future exploration of the rs9514828 polymorphism in other AP cohorts is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Cruz
- Posgrado en Endodoncia, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara, Mexico.,Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Investigación en Biomateriales Odontológicos, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Luis Gerardo Gascón
- Posgrado en Endodoncia, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Claudia Azucena Palafox-Sánchez
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara, Mexico.,Grupo de Inmunología Molecular, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Christian Flores-García
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Biomateriales Odontológicos, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Noemí Espinoza-García
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Nefertari Sagrero-Fabela
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Luciano Tavares Angelo Cintra
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil.,School of Dentistry, Dental Assistance Center for Disabled Persons (CAOE) of the São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Rocío Mejía-Flores
- Posgrado en Endodoncia, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Diana Celeste Salazar-Camarena
- Posgrado en Endodoncia, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Investigación en Biomateriales Odontológicos, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara, Mexico.,Grupo de Inmunología Molecular, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG), Guadalajara, Mexico
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Gragnani L, Lorini S, Marri S, Rattotti S, Madia F, Zibellini S, Monti M, Basile U, Di Stasio E, Libra M, Arcaini L, Zignego AL. B-cell activating factor (BAFF), BAFF promoter and BAFF receptor allelic variants in hepatitis C virus related Cryoglobulinemic Vasculitis and Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma. Hematol Oncol 2022; 40:658-666. [PMID: 35460540 PMCID: PMC9790294 DOI: 10.1002/hon.3008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cryoglobulinemic Vasculitis (CV) is an autoimmune/lymphoproliferative disorder associated with HCV infection that in 5%-10% of cases evolves into a B cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL). B-cell activating factor (BAFF) is a key regulator in B-cell development and survival. Particular genetic variants are responsible for BAFF signaling impairment in autoimmune and neoplastic diseases. We evaluated BAFF and BAFF-receptor (BAFF-R) polymorphisms in order to determine if they predispose to HCV-related CV and NHL. The analysis was performed on 416 HCV-chronically infected patients: 136 HCV without signs/symptoms of lymphoproliferations/autoimmunity (HCV), 166 HCV with CV (HCV-CV) and 114 HCV with NHL (HCV-NHL). Rs9514828 SNP on BAFF promoter, rs61756766 on BAFF-R and rs12428930 on the BAFF gene were evaluated by Real-Time PCR. Concerning rs9514828, the frequency of C/T genotype was significantly higher in HCV-CV than in HCV. The difference in the distribution of the T/T mutant genotype in HCV-CV compared to HCV was significant as well as the distribution of C/T and T/T genotype in HCV-NHL versus HCV. T minor allele was more frequent in HCV-NHL and HCV-CV than in HCV. The distribution of C/T + T/T (for the dominant model of penetrance C/T + T/T vs. C/C) was significantly higher in HCV-CV and HCV-NHL than in HCV. Genotyping of rs61756766 on BAFF-R coding gene, revealed C/T heterozygosis at a frequency of 11% in HCV-NHL versus 3% in HCV. The T minor allele frequency was higher in HCV-NHL than in HCV. No differences emerged by genotyping rs12428930 SNP on BAFF coding gene. Our results reinforce the hypothesis that BAFF/BAFF-R genetic pattern has a role in the pathogenesis of HCV-related lymphoproliferations. BAFF/BAFF-R variants could identify a risk haplotype for HCV related CV and NHL and a BAFF/BAFF-R genetic profile assessment could potentially contribute to tailoring anti-BAFF therapy by identifying patients with BAFF alterations in which the treatment could be more beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gragnani
- MASVE Interdepartmental Hepatology CenterDepartment of Experimental and Clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceCenter for Research and Innovation CRIA‐MASVEFirenzeItaly
| | - Serena Lorini
- MASVE Interdepartmental Hepatology CenterDepartment of Experimental and Clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceCenter for Research and Innovation CRIA‐MASVEFirenzeItaly
| | - Silvia Marri
- MASVE Interdepartmental Hepatology CenterDepartment of Experimental and Clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceCenter for Research and Innovation CRIA‐MASVEFirenzeItaly
| | - Sara Rattotti
- Division of HematologyFondazione IRCCS Policlinico San MatteoPaviaItaly
| | - Francesco Madia
- MASVE Interdepartmental Hepatology CenterDepartment of Experimental and Clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceCenter for Research and Innovation CRIA‐MASVEFirenzeItaly
| | - Silvia Zibellini
- Division of HematologyFondazione IRCCS Policlinico San MatteoPaviaItaly
| | - Monica Monti
- MASVE Interdepartmental Hepatology CenterDepartment of Experimental and Clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceCenter for Research and Innovation CRIA‐MASVEFirenzeItaly
| | - Umberto Basile
- Area Diagnostica di LaboratorioFondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", I.R.C.C.SRomeItaly
| | - Enrico Di Stasio
- Area Diagnostica di LaboratorioFondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", I.R.C.C.SRomeItaly,Dipartimento di Scienze biotecnologiche di base, cliniche intensivologiche e perioperatorieUniversità Cattolica del Sacro CuoreRomeItaly
| | - Massimo Libra
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological SciencesUniversity of CataniaCataniaItaly
| | - Luca Arcaini
- Division of HematologyFondazione IRCCS Policlinico San MatteoPaviaItaly,Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - Anna Linda Zignego
- MASVE Interdepartmental Hepatology CenterDepartment of Experimental and Clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceCenter for Research and Innovation CRIA‐MASVEFirenzeItaly
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Hepatitis C Virus-Induced Exosomal MicroRNAs and Toll-Like Receptor 7 Polymorphism Regulate B-Cell Activating Factor. mBio 2021; 12:e0276421. [PMID: 34724826 PMCID: PMC8561394 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02764-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
There are large gaps in understanding the molecular machinery accounting for the association of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with autoimmunity. Mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC) is the most common HCV-associated extrahepatic manifestation, which is characterized by B-cell lymphoproliferation and autoantibody production. B-cell activating factor (BAFF) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor family and plays an important role in B-cell proliferation. We explored the roles of hepatocyte-derived exosomal microRNAs (exo-miRNAs) and BAFF in the extrahepatic diseases of HCV infection. The exo-miRNA profiles were explored using a next-generation sequencing approach, followed by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR validation. The Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) polymorphism were analyzed using quantitative PCR. The biological function of exo-miRNAs and TLR7 polymorphism in BAFF expression was evaluated by using immunoblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Significantly increased levels of BAFF, exosomes, and TLR7 were found in HCV patients, particularly in those with MC (P < 0.005). HCV-infected hepatocyte-derived miR-122/let-7b/miR-206 upregulated BAFF expression in human macrophages through exosome transmission and TLR7 activation. Analysis of a TLR7 single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs3853839) revealed that G-allele carriers had increased TLR7 transcripts, resulting in more BAFF expression induced by hepatocyte-derived exo-miR-122, compared to those in C-allele carriers (P < 0.005). We identified HCV-infected hepatocyte-derived GU-enriched miRNAs (e.g., miR-122/let-7b/miR-206) as a TLR7 ligand that could induce BAFF production in macrophages through exosome transmission. The polymorphism in TLR7 is associated with the BAFF levels induced by exo-miR-122. It may be a potential predisposing factor of MC syndrome development.
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Alfaro R, Jaouad EKEB, Llorente S, Jimenez-Coll V, Martínez-Banaclocha H, Galián JA, Botella C, Moya-Quiles MR, Peña-Moral JDL, Minguela A, Legaz I, Muro M. Personalized Medicine for Kidney Transplantation: Association of Graft Survival and Acute Transplant Rejection with Genetic Variation in B Cell Activating Factor System Signaling. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2021; 25:725-737. [PMID: 34714153 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2021.0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Kidney transplantation (KT) clinical outcomes are highly variable across patients and would benefit from predictive biomarkers to achieve personalized/precision medicine. The B cell activating factor (BAFF) system signaling plays an essential role in B lymphocytes' homeostasis, and is implicated in activation and survival of B lymphocytes. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in BAFF system genes are therefore strong candidates to identify the genetic mechanisms underpinning variable clinical outcomes in KT. We report here new findings on BAFF system genetic polymorphisms in KT patients in relation to two key phenotypes of clinical interest: graft survival and acute rejection (AR). A total of 168 KT patients, of which 29 suffered AR, participated in this study. The BAFF system polymorphisms in five genes TNFSF13B, TNFSF13, TNFRSF13C, TNFRSF13B, and TNFRSF17 were characterized using TaqMan SNP genotyping. Patients with KT who had an AA genotype in polymorphism rs3803800 of the TNFSF13 gene had a higher risk of suffering AR (p = 0.046; odds ratios = 3.38, 95% CI: 1.02-11.2). Moreover, patients with AA genotype (rs3803800) in the TNFSF13 gene had a significantly lower AR-free time than the GG/GA genotypes (69.2% vs. 85.7%; p = 0.037). Of importance, bioinformatics analysis showed that the polymorphism rs3803800 could alter splicing regulation and affect the proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) expression levels. The analysis of graft survival did not show a significant association with the polymorphisms analyzed in this study. In conclusion, the rs3803800 genetic polymorphism from this study of BAFF system genes appears to display importance in AR-free time for KT patients, and thus, warrants further research in independent populations as a putative predictive biomarker of AR. These findings also inform future personalized/precision medicine efforts and functional genomic studies in KT patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Alfaro
- Immunology Service, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca-Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - El Kaaoui El Band Jaouad
- Immunology Service, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca-Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - Santiago Llorente
- Nephrology Service, and University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca-Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - Victor Jimenez-Coll
- Immunology Service, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca-Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - Helios Martínez-Banaclocha
- Immunology Service, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca-Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - José Antonio Galián
- Immunology Service, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca-Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - Carmen Botella
- Immunology Service, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca-Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - María Rosa Moya-Quiles
- Immunology Service, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca-Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - Jesús de la Peña-Moral
- Pathology Service, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca-Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - Alfredo Minguela
- Immunology Service, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca-Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - Isabel Legaz
- Department of Legal and Forensic Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute (IMIB), Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum," Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Manuel Muro
- Immunology Service, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca-Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
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Skarlis C, Argyriou E, Mavragani CP. Lymphoma in Sjögren’s Syndrome: Predictors and Therapeutic Options. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN RHEUMATOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40674-020-00138-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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9
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Heterogeneity and coexistence of oncogenic mechanisms involved in HCV-associated B-cell lymphomas. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2019; 138:156-171. [PMID: 31092372 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The association of HCV-infection with B-lymphomas is supported by the regression of most indolent/low-grade lymphomas following anti-viral therapy. Studies on direct and indirect oncogenic mechanisms have elucidated the pathogenesis of HCV-associated B-lymphoma subtypes. These include B-lymphocyte proliferation and sustained clonal expansion by HCV-envelope protein stimulation of B-cell receptors, and prolonged HCV-infected B-cell growth by overexpression of an anti-apoptotic BCL-2 oncogene caused by the increased frequency of t(14;18) chromosomal translocations in follicular lymphomas. HCV has been implicated in lymphomagenesis by a "hit-and-run" mechanism, inducing enhanced mutation rate in immunoglobulins and anti-oncogenes favoring immune escape, due to permanent genetic damage by double-strand DNA-breaks. More direct oncogenic mechanisms have been identified in cytokines and chemokines in relation to NS3 and Core expression, particularly in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. By reviewing genetic alterations and disrupted signaling pathways, we intend to highlight how mutually non-contrasting mechanisms cooperate with environmental factors toward progression of HCV-lymphoma.
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Artemova MG, Abdurakhmanov DT. [Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis in chronic hepatitis C: Genetic aspects]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2019; 89:110-114. [PMID: 28514410 DOI: 10.17116/terarkh2017894110-114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cryoglobulinemia (CG) is detected in more than 50% of patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC); however, only 15-25% of them develop cryoglobulinemic vasculitis (CV) that is a systemic vasculitis due to the formation of immune deposits, which affects small (less than medium-sized) vessels and which is frequently fatal for the patient. The causes of CG only in some patients with CHC and the pathogenesis of CV remain unstudied; however, the accumulated data allow one to identify the special contribution of the patient's genetic factors to the development of the disease. The paper considers the genetic aspects of the development of CG and CV in CHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Artemova
- M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - D T Abdurakhmanov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
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11
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Marín-Rosales M, Cruz A, Salazar-Camarena DC, Santillán-López E, Espinoza-García N, Muñoz-Valle JF, Ramírez-Dueñas MG, Oregón-Romero E, Orozco-Barocio G, Palafox-Sánchez CA. High BAFF expression associated with active disease in systemic lupus erythematosus and relationship with rs9514828C>T polymorphism in TNFSF13B gene. Clin Exp Med 2019; 19:183-190. [DOI: 10.1007/s10238-019-00549-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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12
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Han Q, Yang C, Li N, Li F, Sang J, Lv Y, Zhao W, Li C, Liu Z. Association of genetic variation in B-cell activating factor with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Immunol Lett 2017; 188:53-58. [PMID: 28627389 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The outcome of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is considered to be related to the host immunogenetic susceptibility. B cell activating factor (BAFF) is involved in both B cell and T cell mediated immunity and its circulating levels were shown to be significantly elevated in HBV-related liver diseases. This study examined BAFF rs9514828 and rs12583006 polymorphisms in 386 patients with various liver diseases related to chronic HBV infection, 69 HBV infection resolvers, and 191 healthy controls. Both rs9514828 and rs12583006 polymorphisms and serum BAFF levels were determined in 232 patients with chronic HBV infection, and 61 healthy controls. The results showed that patients with chronic hepatitis had higher frequencies of rs9514828 genotype TT (19.75% vs. 11.86%, OR=2.397, 95% CI=1.121-5.125, P=0.023), genotypes CT+TT (74.69% vs. 63.55%, OR=1.478, 95% CI=1.050-2.080, P=0.045), and allele T (47.22% vs. 37.72%, OR=1.478, 95% CI=1.050-2.080, P=0.025) compared with patients with cirrhosis. Patients with chronic HBV infection and HBV infection resolvers had higher frequency of rs9514828 and rs12583006 haplotype TA compared with healthy controls (21.6% vs. 15.0%, OR=1.672, 95% CI=1.138-2.456, P=0.009 and 27.3% vs. 15.0%, OR=2.258, 95%CI=1.272-4.007, P=0.005, respectively). The rs9514828 and rs12583006 genotypes had no significant association with serum BAFF levels. These results suggest that the rs9514828 allele T may predispose to the liver inflammation in chronic HBV infection, and the rs9514828 and rs12583006 polymorphisms may combinatorially confer susceptibility to chronic HBV infection and resolution of the infection, possibly not through direct effect on serum BAFF levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunying Han
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi' an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiling Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi' an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi' an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi' an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao Sang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi' an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Lv
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China; Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxuan Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi' an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi' an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengwen Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi' an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China; Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Chang Y, Shah T, Min DI. Association of genetic polymorphisms of macrophage inhibitory factor (MIF) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF) with the detection of donor specific antibodies in kidney allograft recipients. Hum Immunol 2017. [PMID: 28624489 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The posttransplant development of donor specific antibodies (DSA) initiates the antibody mediated rejection (AMR), which is associated with the increased rate of graft loss. One of the characteristics of AMR is the infiltration of innate immune system including macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils or NK cells. Macrophage inhibitory factor (MIF) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF) are well known cytokines that are associated with the activation of the innate immune system which can damage kidney allograft. In this article, the association of the genetic polymorphisms of MIF and BAFF with the development of DSA including Class I and II in kidney transplant patients is investigated. A total of 231 renal transplant patients between 2008 and 2012 at St. Vincent Medical Center, CA were studied in a retrospective study design. DSA were determined by Luminex technology, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of MIF and BAFF were determined by the real time PCR based on 5' nuclease allelic discrimination assay. The genetic polymorphisms of MIF rs1007888 (C/T) was associated with increased risk of positive DSA detection (p=0.04) after transplantation, and consistently significant after 1year (p=0.016). Furthermore, the presence of C allele were associated with the increased risk of Class I DSA detection (OR 1.816, CI 1.141-2.889, p=0.011). Also, genetic polymorphisms of BAFF rs12583006 were associated with the increased risk of Class II DSA detection (p=0.033). In conclusion, the genetic polymorphisms of MIF and BAFF may increase the risk of posttransplant development of DSA. This result suggests the association between the development of posttransplant DSA and the activation of innate immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngil Chang
- Mendez National Institute of Transplantation, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States.
| | - Tariq Shah
- Mendez National Institute of Transplantation, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States; St. Vincent Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
| | - David I Min
- Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States.
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Ajeganova S, Tesfa D, Hägglund H, Fadeel B, Vedin I, Zignego AL, Palmblad J. Effect of FCGR polymorphism on the occurrence of late-onset neutropenia and flare-free survival in rheumatic patients treated with rituximab. Arthritis Res Ther 2017; 19:44. [PMID: 28270182 PMCID: PMC5341184 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-017-1241-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The causes and mechanisms of late-onset neutropenia (LON) following rituximab treatment in patients with rheumatic diseases are not known. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of established Fcγ receptor gene (FCGR) polymorphisms and B-cell-activating factor (BAFF) gene promoter polymorphisms for the development of LON and for the efficacy of rituximab in patients with rheumatic diseases. Methods A single-center case-control retrospective study was nested in a cohort of 214 consecutive patients with rheumatic diseases treated with rituximab. Eleven patients presented with LON. Fifty non-LON control subjects were matched by diagnosis, age, sex, and treatments. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms of FCGR (FCGR2A 131H/R, FCGR2B 232I/T, FCGR3A 158V/F) and BAFF promoter polymorphism −871C/T were analyzed with polymerase chain reaction-based techniques, and serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) and BAFF levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Flare-free survival was related to LON occurrence and polymorphisms. Results The FCGR3A V allele, but not other FCGR polymorphisms, correlated with the occurrence of LON; each V allele conferred a fourfold increased OR for LON (p = 0.017). FCGR3A 158V/V and presentation with LON were associated with a longer flare-free survival (p = 0.023 and p = 0.031, respectively). FCGR3A 158V/V was related to lower IgM levels (p = 0.016). Serum BAFF levels showed no relationship with LON and BAFF −871C/T promoter polymorphism. There was a tendency toward longer flare-free survival in patients with the BAFF −871T/T allotype compared with the C/T or C/C allotypes (p = 0.096). Conclusions The results of the present study suggest that presentation with LON may be a result of the intrinsic efficacy of rituximab in patients with rheumatic diseases. LON could indicate a longer biological and therapeutic activity of rituximab modulated by a certain genotypic polymorphism: the high-affinity FCGR3A V allele. This genotype and the occurrence of LON are both related to longer flare-free survival, suggestive of common mechanisms for LON and duration of response to rituximab. The role of the BAFF −871C/T promoter polymorphism in LON occurrence is unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Ajeganova
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 14186, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Daniel Tesfa
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 14186, Stockholm, Sweden.,Medical Affairs, Roche AB, 10074, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans Hägglund
- Department of Hematology, Uppsala University Hospital, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bengt Fadeel
- Unit of Molecular Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Inger Vedin
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 14186, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Linda Zignego
- Center for Systemic Manifestations of Hepatitis Viruses, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Jan Palmblad
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 14186, Stockholm, Sweden
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Ragab G, Hussein MA. Vasculitic syndromes in hepatitis C virus: A review. J Adv Res 2017; 8:99-111. [PMID: 28149646 PMCID: PMC5272950 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vasculitis is a remarkable presentation of the extrahepatic manifestations of HCV. According to the presence or absence of cryoglobulins it is subdivided into two main types: cryoglobulinemic vasculitis and non cryoglobulinemic vasculitis based on the attribution of vasculitis to serum cryoglobulins as a pathogenic factor. The attribution of cryoglobulinemia to HCV represents a success story in the history of immunology, microbiology, and clinical medicine. HCV can bind to and invade lymphocytes, consequently triggering an immune response through different mechanisms. The epidemiology of the disease is well described and the clinical picture describes cutaneous, pulmonary, musculoskeletal, neurological, renal, endocrine, gastrointestinal, hepatic and cardiovascular manifestations. It may also be associated with sicca symptoms, an increased risk of lymphoma and serious catastrophic events. The pathology is well characterized. A classification criteria of the syndrome that was validated in 2014 is discussed. Management of CV is decided according to the presence and severity of its clinical presentation. It is divided into asymptomatic, mild, moderate, severe and life threatening disease. Recently introduced direct antiviral agents are proving safe and effective in the management of cryoglobulinemic vasculitis, and it is advocated that the two types of vasculitis be given prioritization in the Egyptian mass campaign to eradicate HCV.
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Key Words
- ANCA, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody
- APS, antiphospholipid syndrome
- BAL, bronchoalveolar lavage
- CAPS, catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome
- CRP, C reactive protein
- CTD, connective tissue disease
- Cryoglobulins
- DAA, direct acting antiviral drugs
- Direct acting anti-HCV drugs
- ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate
- Extrahepatic manifestations vasculitis
- GIT, gastrointestinal tract
- HSP, Henoch-Schonlein Purpura
- HUS, hemolytic uremic syndrome
- Hepatitis C virus
- IFN α, interferon alpha
- IHD, ischemic heart disease
- MOH, minister of health
- MRI, magnetic resonance imaging
- NHL, non Hodgkin lymphoma
- PAN, polyarteritis nodosa
- PCR, polymerase chain reaction
- PFT, pulmonary function test
- PN, peripheral neuropathy
- RNA, ribonucleic acid
- TIAs, transient ischemic attacks
- TTP, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaafar Ragab
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
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16
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Jasek M, Bojarska-Junak A, Wagner M, Sobczyński M, Wołowiec D, Roliński J, Karabon L, Kuśnierczyk P. Association of variants in BAFF (rs9514828 and rs1041569) and BAFF-R (rs61756766) genes with the risk of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:13617-13626. [PMID: 27468724 PMCID: PMC5097080 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5182-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The B-cell activator factor (BAFF)/BAFF receptor (BAFF-R) axis seems to play an important role in the development and progression of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Here, we investigated the association of eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the BAFF (TNFSF13B) and BAFF-R (TNFRSF13C) genes with risk of sporadic CLL in a group of 439 CLL patients and 477 controls. We also examined the correlation between selected SNPs and CLL clinical parameters as well as BAFF plasma levels and intracellular BAFF expression. Our results point to a possible association between the rs9514828 (CT vs. CC + TT; OR = 0.74; CI 95 % = 0.57; 0.97; p = 0.022) and rs1041569 (AT vs. AA + TT; OR = 0.72; CI 95 % = 0.54; 0.95; p = 0.021) of BAFF gene and rs61756766 (CC vs. CT; OR = 2.03; CI 95 % = 1.03; 3.99; p = 0.03) of BAFF-R gene and CLL risk. Additionally, we observed that homozygotes rs1041569 AA and TT had a slightly higher risk (HR = 1.12) for the need of treatment in comparison to AT heterozygotes. In conclusion, our results indicate that SNPs in BAFF and BAFF-R genes may be considered as potential CLL risk factors.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- B-Cell Activating Factor/genetics
- B-Cell Activation Factor Receptor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Blotting, Western
- Case-Control Studies
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Staging
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics
- Prognosis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Risk Factors
- Survival Rate
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Jasek
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Department of Clinical Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Bojarska-Junak
- Chair and Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marta Wagner
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Department of Clinical Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Sobczyński
- Department of Genomics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, ul. Fryderyka Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dariusz Wołowiec
- Department of Hematology, Neoplastic Diseases, and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Pasteura 1, 50-367, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Roliński
- Chair and Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Lidia Karabon
- Department of Experimental Therapy, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Science, ul. Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Kuśnierczyk
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Department of Clinical Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
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17
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Primary Sjögren’s syndrome: clinical phenotypes, outcome and the development of biomarkers. Immunol Res 2016; 65:331-344. [DOI: 10.1007/s12026-016-8844-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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18
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Goules AV, Tzioufas AG. Primary Sjӧgren's syndrome: Clinical phenotypes, outcome and the development of biomarkers. Autoimmun Rev 2016; 15:695-703. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Polymorphisms in B Cell Co-Stimulatory Genes Are Associated with IgG Antibody Responses against Blood-Stage Proteins of Plasmodium vivax. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149581. [PMID: 26901523 PMCID: PMC4763038 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of an effective immune response can help decrease mortality from malaria and its clinical symptoms. However, this mechanism is complex and has significant inter-individual variation, most likely owing to the genetic contribution of the human host. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the influence of polymorphisms in genes involved in the costimulation of B-lymphocytes in the naturally acquired humoral immune response against proteins of the asexual stage of Plasmodium vivax. A total of 319 individuals living in an area of malaria transmission in the Brazilian Amazon were genotyped for four SNPs in the genes CD40, CD40L, BLYS and CD86. In addition, IgG antibodies against P. vivax apical membrane antigen 1 (PvAMA–1), Duffy binding protein (PvDBP) and merozoite surface protein 1 (PvMSP–119) were detected by ELISA. The SNP BLYS –871C>T was associated with the frequency of IgG responders to PvAMA–1 and PvMSP–119. The SNP CD40 –1C>T was associated with the IgG response against PvDBP, whereas IgG antibody titers against PvMSP–119 were influenced by the polymorphism CD86 +1057G>A. These data may help to elucidate the immunological aspects of vivax malaria and consequently assist in the design of malaria vaccines.
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20
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Ayad MW, Elbanna AA, Elneily DA, Sakr AS. Association of BAFF -871C/T Promoter Polymorphism with Hepatitis C-Related Mixed Cryoglobulinemia in a Cohort of Egyptian Patients. Mol Diagn Ther 2016; 19:99-106. [PMID: 25800158 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-015-0134-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis C infection is a major health problem worldwide, especially in Egypt. The high prevalence of mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC) in hepatitis C patients leads to the assumption that there is a direct link between hepatitis C virus (HCV) and cryoglobulinemia. Host genetic factors could be a contributing factor. B cell-activating factor (BAFF) is a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family member, which has an essential role in B lymphocyte development and survival. The aim of the present work was to study the possible association between the BAFF -871C/T promoter polymorphism and HCV-related MC in a cohort of Egyptian patients. METHODS The study was conducted in 120 HCV patients classified into two groups: group I (60 HCV patients with MC) and group II (60 HCV patients without MC), with 60 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects. BAFF -871C/T genotyping was performed in all subjects by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of the BAFF -871TT genotype was significantly increased in HCV patients compared with the control group (P=0.036). The BAFF TT genotype was also significantly more prevalent in group I (HCV-MC patients) than in group II (HCV patients without MC) [P<0.001]. CONCLUSION A significant association was found between the BAFF -871C/T promoter polymorphism and MC, which may indicate that BAFF could be a potential therapeutic target in HCV-MC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Wagdy Ayad
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt,
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21
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Zignego AL, Gragnani L, Piluso A, Sebastiani M, Giuggioli D, Fallahi P, Antonelli A, Ferri C. Virus-driven autoimmunity and lymphoproliferation: the example of HCV infection. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2015; 11:15-31. [PMID: 25534977 DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2015.997214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
HCV chronic infection is characterized by possible development of both hepatic and extrahepatic manifestations. The infection by this both hepatotropic and lymphotropic virus is responsible for polyoligoclonal B-lymphocyte expansion, leading to several immune-mediated disorders. Mixed cryoglobulinemia syndrome that in some cases may evolve to frank B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is the prototype of HCV-driven autoimmune and lymphoproliferative disorders. The HCV oncogenic potential has been suggested by several clinicoepidemiological and laboratory studies; it includes hepatocellular carcinoma, B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and papillary thyroid cancer. The definition HCV syndrome refers to the complex of HCV-driven diseases; these latter are characterized by heterogeneous geographical distribution, suggesting a role of other important genetic and/or environmental cofactors. The natural history of HCV syndrome is the result of a multifactorial and multistep pathogenetic process, which may evolve from mild manifestations to systemic autoimmune disorders, and less frequently to malignant neoplasias. The present updated review analyzes the clinical and pathogenetic aspects of the main HCV-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Linda Zignego
- Center for Systemic Manifestations of Hepatitis Viruses (MASVE), Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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22
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Jasek M, Wagner M, Sobczynski M, Wolowiec D, Kuliczkowski K, Woszczyk D, Kielbinski M, Kusnierczyk P, Frydecka I, Karabon L. Polymorphisms in genes of the BAFF/APRIL system may constitute risk factors of B-CLL--a preliminary study on a Polish population. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 86:279-84. [PMID: 26268376 DOI: 10.1111/tan.12641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of B-cell activating factor (BAFF)/a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) system with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) have been suggested, therefore, we investigated 20 SNPs of BAFF, APRIL, BAFF-R, transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin-ligand interactor (TACI), B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) genes and the risk and outcome of B-CLL in 187 patients and 296 healthy subjects as well as ligand-receptor gene × gene interactions. Although the obtained P-values for all 20 SNPs did not reach statistical significance for this study (α = 0.003), the high value of the global chi-squared statistic (χ(2) df = 38 = 52.65; P = 0.0586), and obtained values of odds ratio indicate that rs9514828 (BAFF), rs3803800 (APRIL) and rs4985726 (TACI) may be associated with the risk of B-CLL. We observed that the B-CLL patients with the genotype rs9514828CT/rs11570136AA were diagnosed with the disease 12 years later than the whole group of patients in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jasek
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Department of Clinical Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - M Wagner
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Department of Clinical Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - M Sobczynski
- Department of Genomics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - D Wolowiec
- Department of Hematology, Neoplastic Diseases & Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - K Kuliczkowski
- Department of Hematology, Neoplastic Diseases & Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - D Woszczyk
- Department of Hematology, State Hospital, Opole, Poland
| | - M Kielbinski
- Department of Hematology, Neoplastic Diseases & Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - P Kusnierczyk
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Department of Clinical Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - I Frydecka
- Department of Experimental Therapy, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Science, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - L Karabon
- Department of Experimental Therapy, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Science, Wroclaw, Poland.,Department of Clinical Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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23
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Banham GD, Clatworthy MR. B-cell biomarkers in transplantation - from genes to therapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 85:82-92. [DOI: 10.1111/tan.12520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. D. Banham
- Department of Medicine; University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine; Cambridge UK
| | - M. R. Clatworthy
- Department of Medicine; University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine; Cambridge UK
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24
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High APRIL but not BAFF serum levels are associated with poor outcome in patients with follicular lymphoma. Ann Hematol 2014; 94:79-88. [DOI: 10.1007/s00277-014-2173-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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B-cell activating factor genetic variants in lymphomagenesis associated with primary Sjogren's syndrome. J Autoimmun 2014; 51:89-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2013.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Liu XG, Hou M. Immune thrombocytopenia and B-cell-activating factor/a proliferation-inducing ligand. Semin Hematol 2014; 50 Suppl 1:S89-99. [PMID: 23664525 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2013.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an organ-specific autoimmune disorder characterized by autoantibody-mediated enhanced platelet destruction and dysmegakaryocytopoiesis. B cells have been demonstrated to play critical roles in the pathophysiology of ITP. B-cell-activating factor (BAFF) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) are crucial cytokines supporting survival and differentiation of B cells, and dysregulation of BAFF/APRIL is involved in the pathogenesis of B-cell related autoimmune diseases including ITP. Currently ongoing clinical trials using BAFF and/or APRIL-blocking agents have yielded positive results in human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), further confirming the pathological role of BAFF/APRIL in autoimmunity. This review will describe the function of BAFF/APRIL and address the feasibility of BAFF/APRIL inhibition in the management of ITP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-guang Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
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Fazaa A, Bourcier T, Chatelus E, Sordet C, Theulin A, Sibilia J, Gottenberg JE. Classification criteria and treatment modalities in primary Sjögren’s syndrome. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2014; 10:543-51. [DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2014.897230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Secreto F, Manske M, Price-Troska T, Ziesmer S, Hodge LS, Ansell SM, Cerhan JR, Novak AJ. B-cell activating factor-receptor specific activation of tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 6 and the phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase pathway in lymphoma B cells. Leuk Lymphoma 2014; 55:1884-92. [PMID: 24206092 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2013.862619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
B-cell activating factor-receptor (BAFF-R) is the primary BAFF receptor that is responsible for promoting B-cell development and survival. Malignant B-cells exploit the BAFF/BAFF-R system, and high serum BAFF levels or genetic alterations in BAFF receptors have been found in B-cell cancers. BAFF signaling impacts pro-survival pathways. However, other than nuclear factor-κB2 (NF-κB2), little is known about the specific pathways activated by individual BAFF receptors. Using a novel BAFF-R expression model we have demonstrated that activation of BAFF-R, independent of transmembrane activator and cytophilin ligand interactor (TACI) and B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), can induce phosphorylation of Akt and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β). Expression of an activated form of BAFF-R also enhanced a pro-survival gene expression pattern, including the novel BAFF-regulated gene Pin1, whose expression was phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-dependent. Additionally, we showed that TRAF6 is essential for mediating BAFF-R dependent activation of Akt. Together these data describe a novel role for TRAF6 in BAFF-R-specific activation of the PI3K pathway and provide evidence suggesting a new role for Pin1 in BAFF-R signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Secreto
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN , USA
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Yang S, Li JY, Xu W. Role of BAFF/BAFF-R axis in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2014; 91:113-22. [PMID: 24629840 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cell activating factor (BAFF), as a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand family, plays important roles in B-cell homeostasis, tolerance, and malignancy. BAFF binds to three receptors of TNF, TACI, BCMA and BAFF-receptor (BAFF-R). In particular, the BAFF/BAFF-R pathway is crucial to the survival and growth of mature normal and malignant B-cells. BAFF is displayed on the cell surface or is released in a soluble form after cleavage from the plasma membrane. BAFF-R as the main BAFF receptor is expressed mainly on B-cells. Aberrant BAFF expression was found in malignant B-cells from B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) patients, which protects these cells from spontaneous or drug-induced apoptosis and stimulated NF-κB activation via autocrine and/or paracrine pathways. However, the mechanisms involved in the gene expression and regulation of BAFF or BAFF-R has not been elucidated. More importantly, the design of reagents able to counteract BAFF/BAFF-R pathways may be of therapeutic value for B-NHL. Results of ongoing clinical trials with BAFF or BAFF-R antagonists are eagerly awaited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Yang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jian-Yong Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China.
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Banham G, Prezzi D, Harford S, Taylor CJ, Hamer R, Higgins R, Bradley JA, Clatworthy MR. Elevated pretransplantation soluble BAFF is associated with an increased risk of acute antibody-mediated rejection. Transplantation 2013; 96:413-20. [PMID: 23842189 PMCID: PMC4170143 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0b013e318298dd65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND B cells play an important role in renal allograft pathology, particularly in acute and chronic antibody-mediated rejection (AMR). B-cell activating factor belonging to the tumor necrosis factor family (BAFF; also known as BLyS) is a cytokine that enhances B-cell survival and proliferation. METHODS We analyzed serum BAFF levels in 32 patients undergoing antibody-incompatible (Ai) renal transplantation and 319 antibody-compatible transplant recipients and sought to determine whether there was a correlation with acute rejection and with transplant function and survival. RESULTS We demonstrate that, in patients undergoing Ai transplantation, elevated serum BAFF levels at baseline (before both antibody removal/desensitization and transplantation) are associated with an increased risk of subsequent AMR. In antibody-compatible transplant recipients at lower risk of AMR, no statistically significant association was observed between pretransplantation serum BAFF and AMR. CONCLUSIONS These data raise the possibility that, in high immunologic risk patients undergoing Ai transplantation, the presence of elevated pretransplantation serum BAFF might identify those at increased risk of AMR. BAFF neutralization may be an interesting therapeutic strategy to explore in these patients, particularly because such agents are available and have already been used in the treatment of autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Banham
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Davide Prezzi
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sarah Harford
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Craig J. Taylor
- Tissue Typing Laboratory, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rizwan Hamer
- Transplant Unit, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, and Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, West Midlands, UK
| | - Rob Higgins
- Transplant Unit, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, and Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, West Midlands, UK
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Gottenberg JE, Seror R, Miceli-Richard C, Benessiano J, Devauchelle-Pensec V, Dieude P, Dubost JJ, Fauchais AL, Goeb V, Hachulla E, Hatron PY, Larroche C, Le Guern V, Morel J, Perdriger A, Puéchal X, Rist S, Saraux A, Sene D, Sibilia J, Vittecoq O, Nocturne G, Ravaud P, Mariette X. Serum levels of beta2-microglobulin and free light chains of immunoglobulins are associated with systemic disease activity in primary Sjögren's syndrome. Data at enrollment in the prospective ASSESS cohort. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59868. [PMID: 23717383 PMCID: PMC3663789 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2012] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To analyze the clinical and immunological characteristics at enrollment in a large prospective cohort of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) and to investigate the association between serum BAFF, beta2-microglobulin and free light chains of immunoglobulins and systemic disease activity at enrollment. Methods Three hundred and ninety five patients with pSS according to American-European Consensus Criteria were included from fifteen centers of Rheumatology and Internal Medicine in the “Assessment of Systemic Signs and Evolution of Sjögren's Syndrome” (ASSESS) 5-year prospective cohort. At enrollment, serum markers were assessed as well as activity of the disease measured with the EULAR Sjögren's Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI). Results Patient median age was 58 (25th–75th: 51–67) and median disease duration was 5 (2–9) years. Median ESSDAI at enrollment was 2 (0–7) with 30.9% of patients having features of systemic involvement. Patients with elevated BAFF, beta2-microglobulin and kappa, lambda FLCS had higher ESSDAI scores at enrollment (4 [2]–[11] vs 2 [0–7], P = 0.03; 4 [1]–[11] vs 2 [0–7], P< 0.0001); 4 [2]–[10] vs 2 [0–6.6], P< 0.0001 and 4 [2–8.2] vs 2 [0–7.0], P = 0.02, respectively). In multivariate analysis, increased beta2-microglobulin, kappa and lambda FLCs were associated with a higher ESSDAI score. Median BAFF and beta2-microglobulin were higher in the 16 patients with history of lymphoma (1173.3(873.1–3665.5) vs 898.9 (715.9–1187.2) pg/ml, P = 0.01 and 2.6 (2.2–2.9) vs 2.1 (1.8–2.6) mg/l, P = 0.04, respectively). Conclusion In pSS, higher levels of beta2-microglobulin and free light chains of immunoglobulins are associated with increased systemic disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques-Eric Gottenberg
- Rheumatology Centre National de Référence des Maladies Auto-Immunes Rares, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMRS_1109, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg University Hospital, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- * E-mail: (JEG); (XM)
| | - Raphaèle Seror
- Rheumatology, Bicetre Hospital, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U-1012, Université Paris Sud, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Miceli-Richard
- Rheumatology, Bicetre Hospital, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U-1012, Université Paris Sud, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Joelle Benessiano
- Centre de Ressources Biologiques, Bichat Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Philippe Dieude
- Rheumatology, Bichat Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Vincent Goeb
- Rheumatology, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | - Eric Hachulla
- Internal Medicine, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | | | - Claire Larroche
- Internal Medicine, Avicenne Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Bobigny, France
| | - Véronique Le Guern
- Internal Medicine, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Morel
- Rheumatology, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Xavier Puéchal
- Internal Medicine, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Alain Saraux
- Rheumatology, Brest University Hospital, Brest, France
| | - Damien Sene
- Internal Medicine, Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jean Sibilia
- Rheumatology Centre National de Référence des Maladies Auto-Immunes Rares, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMRS_1109, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg University Hospital, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Gaétane Nocturne
- Rheumatology, Bicetre Hospital, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U-1012, Université Paris Sud, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Ravaud
- Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Hotel Dieu Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U378, University of Paris Descartes, Faculty of Medicine, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Mariette
- Rheumatology, Bicetre Hospital, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U-1012, Université Paris Sud, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- * E-mail: (JEG); (XM)
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Lake-Bakaar G, Jacobson I, Talal A. B cell activating factor (BAFF) in the natural history of chronic hepatitis C virus liver disease and mixed cryoglobulinaemia. Clin Exp Immunol 2013; 170:231-7. [PMID: 23039894 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2012.04653.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
B cell activating factor (BAFF) plays a crucial role in the process of development, maturation and activation of B lymphocytes. Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is characterized by multiple B cell disorders. It is a major cause of type II mixed cryoglobulinaemia (MC). We measured serum BAFF levels in several clinical situations to elucidate the potential role of BAFF in chronic HCV infection. We used a commercially available solid phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We estimated serum BAFF in stored sera from uninfected controls (n = 8), patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection HBV (n = 5) and chronic HCV infection with (n = 16) and without mixed cryoglobulinaemia (n = 14). In two patients with HCV and MC we correlated BAFF with HCV RNA after pegylated interferon (peg-I). We correlated serum BAFF levels at baseline and at 12 weeks with treatment response: sustained virological response SVR (n = 5), non-responders (n = 6) and relapsers (n = 2). Finally, we estimated BAFF levels after complete depletion of B cells with rituximab in patients with chronic HCV with MC (n = 3). Serum levels of BAFF were increased in chronic HCV with MC, but not in chronic HBV infection, suggesting an association between BAFF and cryoglobulinaemia. Peg-I increased BAFF levels in serum and this paralleled HCV RNA very closely. Serum BAFF levels at week 12 of therapy with peg-I and R were significantly higher in responders than non-responders. Finally, B cell depletion was associated with markedly increased levels of BAFF.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lake-Bakaar
- Center for the Study of Hepatitis C, Weill Medical College Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
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Ruyssen-Witrand A, Rouanet S, Combe B, Dougados M, Le Loët X, Sibilia J, Tebib J, Mariette X, Constantin A. Association between -871C>T promoter polymorphism in the B-cell activating factor gene and the response to rituximab in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2012; 52:636-41. [PMID: 23264555 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kes344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether a functional single-nucleotide polymorphism in the B-cell activating factor (BAFF) gene correlates with the response to treatment with rituximab (RTX) in RA. METHODS SMART is a randomized open trial (NCT01126541) assessing two strategies of re-treatment in patients responding to 1-g infusion of RTX with MTX on days 1 and 15 after failure, intolerance or contraindication to TNF blockers. Among the 224 patients included, 115 provided informed consent, could be genotyped and were included in an ancillary study of SMART assessing European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) response rate after the first course of RTX according to BAFF-871C>T polymorphism. Baseline clinical factors (patients and disease characteristics) and biologic factors (ESR, CRP, RF, anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies, serum immunoglobulins) were collected. Univariate analyses were performed to assess whether BAFF-871C>T polymorphism was associated with EULAR response at week 24. Results with P < 0.15 obtained in univariate analyses were then included in multivariate analysis adjusted on DAS28 level. RESULTS Ninety-three patients (81%) were responders, of whom 31 (27%) were good responders. CC genotype was significantly associated with a higher response rate [92% of responders vs 64% for TT genotype, odds ratio (OR) = 6.9; 95% CI 1.6, 29.6; P = 0.03]. These results were also confirmed in RF-positive patients (96% vs 58%, P = 0.006). In multivariate analysis, C allele carriage was independently associated with response to RTX (OR = 4.1; 95% CI 1.3, 12.7; P = 0.017). CONCLUSION The BAFF-871C>T polymorphism seems to influence the response to RTX in RA patients after failure or intolerance to TNF blockers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Ruyssen-Witrand
- UMR1027, INSERM, UMR1027, University Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, Rheumatology Center, Purpan Teaching Hospital, Toulouse, France.
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Li X, Tian X, Zhang B, Zhang Y, Chen J. Variation in dicer gene is associated with increased survival in T-cell lymphoma. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51640. [PMID: 23251602 PMCID: PMC3518478 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 11/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dicer, an endonuclease in RNase III family, is essential for the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. Aberrant expression of Dicer has been shown in various cancers including some subtypes of T cell lymphoma (TCL), which influences patient prognosis. A single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs3742330A>G has been identified in the Dicer gene, located in the 3′ untranslated region (3′ UTR) that is important for mRNA transcript stability. We investigated whether rs3742330 is associated with the survival in 163 TCL patients. Significant association between Dicer rs3742330 and TCL survival were found. Patients carrying the GG genotype (n = 12) had a significantly increased overall survival (OS) compared with those carrying the GA and AA genotypes (n = 70 and n = 81, respectively; p = 0.031). Moreover, the significant association was maintained for patients with mature T type (n = 134; p = 0.026). In multivariate Cox-regression analysis, rs3742330 proved to be an independent predictor for OS, together with the commonly used International Prognostic Index (IPI) and BAFF rs9514828, another SNP we have previously reported to be associated with TCL survival, with hazard ratios (HRs) for patient death rate of 8.956 (95% CI, 1.210 to 66.318; p = 0.032) for the GA genotype and 10.145 (95% CI, 1.371 to 75.084; p = 0.023) for the AA genotype. Furthermore, we observed cumulative effects of Dicer rs3742330 and BAFF rs9514828 on TCL survival. Compared with patients carrying zero unfavorable genotype, those carrying one and two unfavorable genotypes had an increased risk of death with a HR of 7.104 (95% CI, 0.969–53.086; p = 0.054) and 14.932 (95% CI, 1.950–114.354; p = 0.009), respectively, with a significant dose-response trend (ptrend = 0.004). In conclusion, Dicer rs3742330 is associated with TCL survival, suggesting that genetic variation might play a role in predicting prognosis of TCL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Li
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaobo Tian
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanqi Zhang
- Department of Health Statistics, College of Preventive Medicine, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jieping Chen
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- * E-mail:
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The complexity of the BAFF TNF-family members: Implications for autoimmunity. J Autoimmun 2012; 39:189-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2012.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Accepted: 05/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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de Almeida ERA, Petzl-Erler ML. Expression of genes involved in susceptibility to multifactorial autoimmune diseases: estimating genotype effects. Int J Immunogenet 2012; 40:178-85. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2012.01152.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2012] [Revised: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - M. L. Petzl-Erler
- Department of Genetics; Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory; Federal University of Paraná; Curitiba; Brazil
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Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a serious public health problem because of its worldwide diffusion and sequelae. It is not only a hepatotropic but also a lymphotropic agent and is responsible not only for liver injury--potentially evolving to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma--but also for a series of sometimes severely disabling extrahepatic diseases and, in particular, B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. These latter range from benign, but prelymphomatous conditions, like mixed cryoglobulinemia, to frank lymphomas. Analogously with Helicobacter pylori related lymphomagenesis, the study of the effects of viral eradication confirmed the etiopathogenetic role of HCV and showed it is an ideal model for better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved. Concerning these latter, several hypotheses have been proposed over the past two decades which are not mutually exclusive. These hypotheses have variously emphasized the important role played by sustained stimulation of the immune system by HCV, infection of the lymphatic cells, viral proteins, chromosomal aberrations, cytokines, or microRNA molecules. In this paper we describe the main hypotheses that have been proposed with the corresponding principal supporting data.
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Zhai K, Tian X, Wu C, Lu N, Chang J, Huang L, Zhang T, Zhou Y, Qiao Y, Yu D, Tan W, Chen J, Lin D. Cytokine BAFF Gene Variation Is Associated with Survival of Patients with T-cell Lymphomas. Clin Cancer Res 2012; 18:2250-6. [PMID: 22338013 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-11-3009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kan Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Shen Y, You F, Li C, He Z, Liang Z, Ai H, Wang S, Zhang S. Molecular cloning, bioinformatics analysis and functional characterization of B-cell activating factor in goat (Capra hircus). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 36:191-198. [PMID: 21801746 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2011.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Revised: 07/10/2011] [Accepted: 07/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
B-cell activating factor of the TNF family (BAFF) induces B cell survival, proliferation, immunoglobulin secretion and has a role in enhancing immune responses. In the present study, we amplified the cDNA of goat (Capra hircus) BAFF (designated gBAFF) from spleen by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). The open reading frame (ORF) of gBAFF covers 843 bp encoding 280 amino acids, with a 152-aa mature peptide. Sequence comparison indicated that the amino acid of gBAFF possessed the TNF signature, a transmembrane domain, a putative furin protease cleavage site and three cysteine residues. The predicted three-dimensional (3D) structure of the soluble part of gBAFF (gsBAFF) analyzed by "comparative protein modelling" revealed that it was very similar to its counterparts. Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis indicated that gBAFF mRNA was predominantly expressed in goat lymphoid tissue spleen. Recombinant gsBAFF was fused with a small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) gene to enhance the soluble expression level in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The resulting fused protein SUMO-gsBAFF was efficiently expressed and purified using metal chelate affinity chromatography (Ni-NTA), then confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting analysis. In vitro, the MTT assays and flow cytometric analysis indicated that SUMO-gsBAFF as well as gsBAFF could promote the survival/proliferation of goat splenic B cells or mouse splenic B cells. Therefore, BAFF may be a potential immunologic factor for enhancing immunological efficacy in goat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuefen Shen
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Life Sciences College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China
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40
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Kreuzaler M, Rauch M, Salzer U, Birmelin J, Rizzi M, Grimbacher B, Plebani A, Lougaris V, Quinti I, Thon V, Litzman J, Schlesier M, Warnatz K, Thiel J, Rolink AG, Eibel H. Soluble BAFF levels inversely correlate with peripheral B cell numbers and the expression of BAFF receptors. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 188:497-503. [PMID: 22124120 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1102321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The TNF family member protein BAFF/BLyS is essential for B cell survival and plays an important role in regulating class switch recombination as well as in the selection of autoreactive B cells. In humans, increased concentrations of soluble BAFF are found in different pathological conditions, which may be as diverse as autoimmune diseases, B cell malignancies, and primary Ab deficiencies (PAD). Because the mechanisms that regulate BAFF levels are not well understood, we newly developed a set of mAbs against human BAFF to study the parameters that determine the concentrations of soluble BAFF in circulation. Patients with PAD, including severe functional B cell defects such as BTK, BAFF-R, or TACI deficiency, were found to have higher BAFF levels than asplenic individuals, patients after anti-CD20 B cell depletion, chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients, or healthy donors. In a comparable manner, mice constitutively expressing human BAFF were found to have higher concentrations of BAFF in the absence than in the presence of B cells. Therefore, our data strongly suggest that BAFF steady-state concentrations mainly depend on the number of B cells as well as on the expression of BAFF-binding receptors. Because most patients with PAD have high levels of circulating BAFF, the increase in BAFF concentrations cannot compensate defects in B cell development and function.
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Phase 1b trial of atacicept, a recombinant protein binding BLyS and APRIL, in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leukemia 2011; 26:841-4. [PMID: 21979878 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2011.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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p52 Activation in monomorphic B-cell posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder/diffuse large B-cell lymphoma without BAFF-R expression. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2011; 179:1630-7. [PMID: 21871426 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2010] [Revised: 05/20/2011] [Accepted: 07/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) are associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and activate the NF-κB pathway. B-cell activating factor (BAFF) modulates cell growth and survival in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. However, there are few studies of EBV, BAFF/BAFF-R signaling, and NF-κB1 and NF-κB2 pathway activation in PTLD. Diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) in two different clinical contexts, immunocompetent patients (DLBCL/IC; n = 30) or posttransplantation solid-organ recipients (DLBCL/PTLD; n = 21), were characterized histogenically as germinal center (GC) or non-germinal center (NGC). Expression of BAFF, BAFF-R, and NF-κB proteins p50 and p52 and the presence or absence of EBV were compared in these clinical contexts. Regardless of the GC or NGC pattern of DLBCL, BAFF-R was expressed in 37% of DLBCL/IC but in only 4.8% of DLBCL/PTLD. p52 was expressed in DLBCL/PTLD/NGC (12 of 19 cases) as compared with DLBCL/IC/NGC (0 of 18 cases). This pattern might be related to the presence of EBV and latent membrane protein 1 because p52 expression was observed primarily in EBV-positive DLBCL/PTLD cases expressing latent membrane protein 1. Thus, the activation profile or NGC pattern of DLBCL/PTLD was not associated with BAFF/BAFF-R expression, whereas nuclear p52 related to NF-κB2 pathway activation might be linked to EBV.
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Gragnani L, Piluso A, Giannini C, Caini P, Fognani E, Monti M, Petrarca A, Ranieri J, Razzolini G, Froio V, Laffi G, Zignego AL. Genetic determinants in hepatitis C virus-associated mixed cryoglobulinemia: role of polymorphic variants of BAFF promoter and Fcγ receptors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 63:1446-51. [PMID: 21538321 DOI: 10.1002/art.30274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC) is a hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related immune complex disorder. Only some HCV-infected patients develop MC, which suggests that the genetic background of the host plays a key role. This study was undertaken to evaluate the contribution of host genetic factors in the pathogenesis of HCV-associated MC (HCV-MC) by analyzing allelic variants of low-affinity Fcγ receptor (FcγR) genes and BAFF promoter. METHODS FcγR polymorphisms (FCGR2A 131 R/H, FCGR2B 232 I/T, FCGR3A 176 V/F, and FCGR3B NA1/NA2) and BAFF promoter polymorphism -871 C/T were analyzed in 102 patients with HCV-MC and 108 patients with HCV without MC, using polymerase chain reaction-based techniques. RESULTS A higher prevalence of -871 T/T homozygosity (31% versus 16%; P = 0.001) and a greater frequency of T alleles of the BAFF promoter (80% versus 57%; P = 0.004) were found in the HCV-MC group than in the HCV group. A significant increase in serum BAFF concentration was significantly associated with the higher frequency of the T allele in HCV-MC (mean ± SD 4.12 ± 1.29 versus 2.09 ± 0.81 ng/ml; P < 0.0005). The distribution of the FcγR genotypes was not significantly different. In the 21 HCV-MC patients treated with rituximab, the response was strictly related to F allele homozygosity (significantly reduced in 5 of 5 patients with the FCGR3A F/F genotype versus 4 of 16 with V/V or V/F; P < 0.0005). CONCLUSION These results indicate the importance of host genetic background in the development of HCV-MC, suggesting that mechanisms enhancing Ig production and B cell survival may play a relevant role. Genetic FcγR variants seem to be crucial to the effectiveness of rituximab therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gragnani
- Centre for Systemic Manifestations of Hepatitis Viruses and University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Abdel-Hamid SM, Al-Lithy HN. B cell activating factor gene polymorphisms in patients with risk of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Am J Med Sci 2011; 342:9-14. [PMID: 21537154 DOI: 10.1097/maj.0b013e31820e7f05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION B cell activating factor (BAFF) is a ligand belonging to the tumor necrosis factor family and has an important role in B cells development, survival, and immunoglobulin-production. This study was aimed to study the association between haplotypes in the 5' regulatory region of the BAFF gene and susceptibility to idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). METHODS BAFF gene polymorphisms expression at positions (-871C>T, -2701 T>A and -2841T>C) of 5' regulatory region were determined with polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism technique in 40 chronic (ITP) patients and in 50 age- and sex-matched normal volunteers as a control group. RESULTS The difference between chronic ITP patients and control subjects as regards -871C>T polymorphism expression was highly statistically significant with higher expression of T allele in ITP patients than control group (P < 0.001). However, the other 2 polymorphisms did not show significant difference between the 2 groups. -871C>T polymorphism was associated with increased risk of chronic ITP with an odds ratio 18.857; however, the other 2 polymorphisms were not associated with an equivalent effect. CONCLUSION -871C>T BAFF gene polymorphism expression had a significant association with chronic ITP disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah M Abdel-Hamid
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kasr El-Aini hospital, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Ferrer G, Hodgson K, Pereira A, Juan M, Elena M, Colomer D, Roué G, Aymerich M, Baumann T, Montserrat E, Moreno C. Combined analysis of levels of serum B-cell activating factor and a proliferation-inducing ligand as predictor of disease progression in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2011; 52:2064-8. [PMID: 21707303 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2011.591008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
B-cell activating factor (BAFF) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) are regulators of normal B-cell development and survival. We investigated their role in chronic lymphocyticleukemia (CLL) by relating serum protein levels and CLL cell mRNA expression with clinical factors and disease progression. In patients with CLL, BAFF serum levels were significantly lower than in controls (0.64 ng/mL vs. 0.77 ng/mL, p = 0.014), and APRIL serum levels were significantly higher (4.10 ng/mL vs. 1.84 ng/mL, p = 0.041). CLL cells expressed BAFF and APRIL mRNA at lower levels than normal B-cells. Low BAFF serum levels were significantly correlated with a high blood lymphocyte count and advanced clinical stage, whereas APRIL levels were correlated with CD38 expression. In a multivariate analysis, the combined analysis of BAFF and APRIL serum levels emerged as an independent predictor of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Ferrer
- Institute of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Hematology, University of Barcelona, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
Inherited susceptibility to chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has been recognized for decades. Approximately 10% of individuals with CLL report a family history of CLL or a related lymphoproliferative disorder, and genetic predisposition is the best understood risk factor for CLL. Studies of familial CLL have suggested that the disease features are largely similar to sporadic CLL, although recent data suggest that familial CLL may more commonly show somatic hypermutation of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain variable region, suggesting a more indolent disease course. Monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL) has been identified recently as a likely precursor to CLL; it is found in the general population with increasing age and enriched in unaffected relatives of individuals with familial CLL. Studies of MBL as well as mouse models of CLL may lead to better understanding of early CLL pathogenesis that is relevant to familial predisposition. To date, the identification of genes that predispose to familial CLL has been slow, primarily due to the relatively few families available for study, the small size of those families and disease causation most likely by multiple genes that each confer smaller risks. In the coming years, the application of systematic genomics approaches to familial CLL should, hopefully, lead to the identification of novel loci involved in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R Brown
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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Mihalcik SA, Tschumper RC, Jelinek DF. Transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms of BAFF-receptor dysregulation in human B lineage malignancies. Cell Cycle 2010; 9:4884-92. [PMID: 21099364 DOI: 10.4161/cc.9.24.14156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Together, circulating BAFF and dominant receptor BAFF-R homeostatically regulate the humoral immune system. Consistently aberrant BAFF-R expression in leukemic cells reveals an intimate connection of these cells' malignant physiology to the BAFF/BAFF-R axis and also provides an additional survival mechanism to the expressing cells. In this study, we used primary cells and cell lines to interrogate the mechanisms underlying aberrant BAFF-R expression in precursor B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (precursor B-ALL) and mature B chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Here we demonstrate the aberrant expression of BAFF-R in precursor B-ALL cell lines and reveal that these cells acquire BAFF-R expression through premature transcriptional activation of the BAFF-R promoter in coordination with regulatory transcription factor c-Rel. Investigations using primary CLL cells provide a crucial counterpoint through their paucity of BAFF-R relative to their benign mature B cell counterparts, which we establish as functionally significant in its depletion of the CLL cells' BAFF-binding capacity. Furthermore, BAFF-R downregulation in CLL patients is revealed here to be restricted to the malignant compartment and mediated post-transcriptionally in order to compensate for the consistently unchanged levels of transcription factor c-Rel and BAFF-R mRNA. Finally, we present evidence that CLL cells retain endogenous mechanisms of BAFF-R regulatory control despite active receptor dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Mihalcik
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
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Abstract
Increased expression of BAFF (B cell-activating factor belonging to the TNF family) and its receptors has been identified in numerous B-cell malignancies. A soluble human BAFF mutant (mBAFF), binding to BAFF receptors but failing to activate B-lymphocyte proliferation, may function as a competitive inhibitor of BAFF and may serve as a novel ligand for targeted therapy of BAFF receptor-positive malignancies. Pin2/TRF1-interacting protein X1 (PinX1), a nucleolar protein, potently inhibits telomerase activity and affects tumorigenicity. In this study, we generated novel recombinant proteins containing mBAFF, a polyarginine tract 9R and PinX1 (or its C/N terminal), to target lymphoma cells. The fusion proteins PinX1/C–G4S–9R–G4S–mBAFF and PinX1/C–9R–mBAFF specifically bind and internalize into BAFF receptor-positive cells, and subsequently induce growth inhibition and apoptosis. The selective cytotoxicity of the fusion proteins is a BAFF receptor-mediated process and depends on mBAFF, PinX1/C and 9R. Moreover, the fusion proteins specifically kill BAFF receptor-expressing Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) cells by inhibiting telomerase activity and the consequent shortening of telomeres. Therapeutic experiments using PinX1C–G4S–9R–G4S–mBAFF in severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice implanted with Raji cells showed significantly prolonged survival times, indicating the in vivo antitumor activity of the fusion protein. These results suggest the potential of PinX1/C–G4S–9R–G4S–mBAFF in targeted therapy of BL.
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Hildebrand JM, Luo Z, Manske MK, Price-Troska T, Ziesmer SC, Lin W, Hostager BS, Slager SL, Witzig TE, Ansell SM, Cerhan JR, Bishop GA, Novak AJ. A BAFF-R mutation associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma alters TRAF recruitment and reveals new insights into BAFF-R signaling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 207:2569-79. [PMID: 21041452 PMCID: PMC2989778 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20100857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The cytokine B cell activating factor (BAFF) and its receptor, BAFF receptor (BAFF-R), modulate signaling cascades critical for B cell development and survival. We identified a novel mutation in TNFRSF13C, the gene encoding human BAFF-R, that is present in both tumor and germline tissue from a subset of patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. This mutation encodes a His159Tyr substitution in the cytoplasmic tail of BAFF-R adjacent to the TRAF3 binding motif. Signaling through this mutant BAFF-R results in increased NF-κB1 and NF-κB2 activity and increased immunoglobulin production compared with the wild-type (WT) BAFF-R. This correlates with increased TRAF2, TRAF3, and TRAF6 recruitment to His159Tyr BAFF-R. In addition, we document a requirement for TRAF6 in WT BAFF-R signaling. Together, these data identify a novel lymphoma-associated mutation in human BAFF-R that results in NF-κB activation and reveals TRAF6 as a necessary component of normal BAFF-R signaling.
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Fenstad MH, Johnson MP, Roten LT, Aas PA, Forsmo S, Klepper K, East CE, Abraham LJ, Blangero J, Brennecke SP, Austgulen R, Moses EK. Genetic and molecular functional characterization of variants within TNFSF13B, a positional candidate preeclampsia susceptibility gene on 13q. PLoS One 2010; 5:e12993. [PMID: 20927378 PMCID: PMC2947510 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0012993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2010] [Accepted: 09/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy complication, demonstrating a complex pattern of inheritance. The elucidation of genetic liability to preeclampsia remains a major challenge in obstetric medicine. We have adopted a positional cloning approach to identify maternal genetic components, with linkages previously demonstrated to chromosomes 2q, 5q and 13q in an Australian/New Zealand familial cohort. The current study aimed to identify potential functional and structural variants in the positional candidate gene TNFSF13B under the 13q linkage peak and assess their association status with maternal preeclampsia genetic susceptibility. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The proximal promoter and coding regions of the positional candidate gene TNFSF13B residing within the 13q linkage region was sequenced using 48 proband or founder individuals from Australian/New Zealand families. Ten sequence variants (nine SNPs and one single base insertion) were identified and seven SNPs were successfully genotyped in the total Australian/New Zealand family cohort (74 families/480 individuals). Borderline association to preeclampsia (p = 0.0153) was observed for three rare SNPs (rs16972194, rs16972197 and rs56124946) in strong linkage disequilibrium with each other. Functional evaluation by electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed differential nuclear factor binding to the minor allele of the rs16972194 SNP, residing upstream of the translation start site, making this a putative functional variant. The observed genetic associations were not replicated in a Norwegian case/control cohort (The Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT2), 851 preeclamptic and 1,440 non-preeclamptic women). CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE TNFSF13B has previously been suggested to contribute to the normal immunological adaption crucial for a successful pregnancy. Our observations support TNFSF13B as a potential novel preeclampsia susceptibility gene. We discuss a possible role for TNFSF13B in preeclampsia pathogenesis, and propose the rs16972194 variant as a candidate for further functional evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona H. Fenstad
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Matthew P. Johnson
- Department of Genetics, Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Linda T. Roten
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Per A. Aas
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Siri Forsmo
- Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kjetil Klepper
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Christine E. East
- Department of Perinatal Medicine/Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women's Hospital and University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Lawrence J. Abraham
- The School of Biomedical Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, The University of Western Australia Crawley, Perth, Australia
| | - John Blangero
- Department of Genetics, Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Shaun P. Brennecke
- Department of Perinatal Medicine/Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women's Hospital and University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Rigmor Austgulen
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Eric K. Moses
- Department of Genetics, Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
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