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Lu H, Xu Q, Zou G, Gao H, Yang Y, Li W, Zhuo L. Prevalence and immunopathologic characteristics of seropositive and seronegative hepatitis B virus-associated membranous nephropathy: a retrospective study of 420 biopsy-proven cases. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2313180. [PMID: 38345079 PMCID: PMC10863513 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2313180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This retrospective study aims to investigate the prevalence and immunopathologic characteristics of seropositive and seronegative hepatitis B virus-associated membranous nephropathy (HBV-MN). METHODS Clinicopathologic and serologic records of 420 patients with histologically confirmed HBV-MN between January 2014 and July 2021 were examined to determine the prevalence of seropositive and seronegative HBV-MN. Serum anti-PLA2R antibody testing was conducted on 280 patients with HBV-associated membranous nephropathy (HBV-MN) from August 2018 to July 2021. Immunopathologic characteristics of HBV-MN patients and anti-PLA2R antibody positivity were analyzed. RESULTS Among 420 pathologically confirmed HBV-MN patients, 230 (54.8%) were seropositive for HBV. The seropositive group exhibited higher blood creatinine values and incidence of liver function abnormalities than the seronegative group (p < .05). Serum anti-PLA2R antibody testing on 280 HBV-MN patients revealed a total positive rate of 44.6%, with the seronegative group showing a significantly higher rate (62.6%) compared to the seropositive group (32.1%) (p < .01). The anti-PLA2R antibody-positive group displayed higher levels of urine protein (p < .05), serum cholesterol (p < .01), and IgG4 subtypes (p < .05) compared to the negative group. Additionally, the positive group had significantly lower levels of serum albumin and IgG than the negative group (p < .01). CONCLUSIONS This comprehensive study reveals a significantly higher prevalence of seronegative HBV-MN than previously thought. The blood creatinine values and incidence of liver function abnormalities was higher in the serology-positive group than in the serology-negative group. Notably, the seronegative group displayed a higher positive rate of anti-PLA2R antibodies compared to the seropositive group, indicating distinctive clinical and immunopathologic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qianqian Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guming Zou
- Department of Nephrology, Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongmei Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenge Li
- Department of Nephrology, Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhuo
- Department of Nephrology, Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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Senoo-Dogbey VE, Ohene LA, Wuaku DA. Occupational exposure to Hepatitis B virus, disease burden and pathways for postexposure prophylaxis management: recommendations for healthcare workers in highly endemic settings. Infect Prev Pract 2024; 6:100354. [PMID: 38559369 PMCID: PMC10979087 DOI: 10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) was recognized many decades ago as an important occupational hazard for Health Care Workers (HCWs) globally. HCWs who are directly involved in patient care and are in continuous contact with blood or body fluids have an increased risk of occupationally acquiring the virus. The risk of HCWs in highly endemic areas is greater due to the greater prevalence of infection in the general population. Recommendations are available to guide HBV prevention activities or practices among HCWs. These include the use of the hepatitis B vaccine as a preexposure prophylaxis and the use of hepatitis B immunoglobulin alone or hepatitis B immunoglobulin plus the vaccine as postexposure prophylaxis. The uptake of preexposure prophylaxis has been observed to be low in resource-poor settings where the disease is highly endemic. Postexposure prophylaxis has become the remedy for preventing occupational transmission of HBV in these settings. This review aimed to summarize the available evidence on the risk of transmission of HBV infection, the burden of infection and recommendations for pre- and postexposure prophylaxis for the prevention of occupational acquisition of HBV among HCWs. We conducted a narrative review to summarize the evidence available on the recommended steps of HBV exposure management and the utilization of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for HBV. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Africa Journals Online (AJOL) databases. The keywords used were hepatitis B, hepatitis B virus postexposure prophylaxis, occupational exposures, and recommendations for postexposure to hepatitis B virus. We gleaned evidence from the literature sources and summarized the concepts related to exposure forms, postexposure prophylaxis management pathways and recommendations for the utilization of postexposure prophylaxis among exposed healthcare workers. From the synthesis of evidence, we conclude that HBV infection is a life-threatening condition. However, the disease is preventable by using the HBV vaccine as a preexposure prophylaxis measure. An effective postexposure prophylaxis management program is also available, and the last resort to preventing occupational transmission of HBV among HCWs who non-responders are, or who fail to vaccinate completely against HBV. Irrespective of the availability of these lifesaving interventions, the use of pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis among HCWs in highly endemic regions is suboptimal. Many barriers operating at the individual HCW and health facility levels have been identified as impacting the successful use of HBV preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Efua Senoo-Dogbey
- Department of Public Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 25, Legon, Accra, Ghana
- Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration, Ghana
| | - Lillian Akorfa Ohene
- Department of Public Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 25, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Delali Adwoa Wuaku
- Department of Nursing Research, Nursing, and Midwifery Training School, Korle-Bu, P. O Box KB 83, Accra, Ghana
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Wirahmadi A, Gunardi H, Medise BE, Oswari H, Sari TT, Kaswandani N, Karyanti MR. Seroconversion among children with HBsAg-positive mothers in Indonesia and factors affecting the anti-HBs titers. Glob Epidemiol 2024; 7:100135. [PMID: 38283938 PMCID: PMC10821614 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloepi.2024.100135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Around 2% of newborns are at risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection from their mothers. To prevent this, infants born to HBsAg-positive mothers are given hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and hepatitis B (HB) vaccine as immunoprophylaxis. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of immunoprophylaxis in infants born to HBsAg-positive mothers and the contributing factors. Methods The study was conducted on a group of 87 children, ranging from nine months to under 36 months, born to HBsAg-positive mothers and received immunoprophylaxis within 24 h after birth followed by a national immunization schedule at the Community Health Center (CHC) in three administrative cities of DKI Jakarta. We measured the levels of HBsAg and anti-HBs, and utilized ordinal logistic regression models to identify factors that influence the anti-HBs titers after vaccination. Results Out of 87 children, only one child had positive HBsAg results. The data showed that 88.5% of the children had seroprotection with anti-HBs levels ≥10 mIU/mL. Additionally, 48.3% of the children had a high protective response with anti-HBs levels ≥100 mIU/mL, while 11.5% had a non-protective response. Children under one year of age, with a family history of HBV carriers, and who received five doses of the HB vaccine exhibited higher levels of anti-HBs titer category with adjusted OR 3.9 (95%CI: 1.3-11.6), 5.3 (95%CI: 1.1-27.4), and 8.3 (95%CI: 2-34.8), respectively. Conclusion The administration of HBIG and HB vaccine successfully prevented vertical transmission, resulting in a high seroprotection rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angga Wirahmadi
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Department of Pediatrics, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hartono Gunardi
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Department of Pediatrics, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Bernie Endyarni Medise
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Department of Pediatrics, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hanifah Oswari
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Department of Pediatrics, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Teny Tjitra Sari
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Department of Pediatrics, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nastiti Kaswandani
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Department of Pediatrics, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Mulya Rahma Karyanti
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Department of Pediatrics, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Jeong S, Lee SK, Cho EJ, Kim HS, Lee YK, Kim JS, Song W, Kim HS. Performance Evaluation of the Roche Cobas 5800 HBV and HCV Tests: Comparison of the 200 and 500 μL Protocols. Ann Lab Med 2024; 44:253-261. [PMID: 38098301 PMCID: PMC10813821 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2023.0306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Clinical management of patients infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) relies on the viral load (VL). The Cobas 5800 system (Roche Diagnostics) can determine VLs in 200 and 500 μL samples, but the performance of each protocol has not been compared. We evaluated the performance of both protocols for the HBV and HCV tests. Methods Precision and linearity were verified using commercial panels. Probit analyses were used to determine limits of detection (LoDs). The results obtained with 336 samples were compared using the 200 and 500 μL protocols. Data from 6,737 retrospective HBV and 768 HCV samples were compared to estimate the effects of the different LoDs on the diagnostic results of the protocols. Correlations between protocols were tested with Spearman's rank correlation coefficients (rho). Results The precision and linearity of both protocols were verified. The LoDs for the 200 and 500 μL protocols were 6.5 and 2.7 IU/mL for HBV and 29.7 and 8.2 IU/mL for HCV, respectively. The agreement between the protocols ranged from 0.8 to 1.0. The results obtained with the HBV and HCV tests showed a strong correlation (rho=0.994). Only 0.4% of HBV and 0.4% of HCV test results were affected by the LoDs of the 200 μL protocol. Conclusions The Cobas 5800 200 and 500 μL protocols for the HBV DNA and HCV RNA tests demonstrated excellent performance. These findings establish the 200 μL protocol as a new option for low-volume samples, especially for pediatric and difficult-to-bleed patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seri Jeong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Kyung Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Cho
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Korea
| | - Han-Sung Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Young Kyung Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Jae-Seok Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wonkeun Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Soo Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Korea
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Russo S, Telfer J, Silva C, Daly E, Browning S. Haemodialysis machine designation for patients with chronic Hepatitis B virus: A practice and attitudes survey of Australian renal healthcare workers. Infect Dis Health 2024; 29:107-111. [PMID: 38485528 DOI: 10.1016/j.idh.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To reduce the risk of viral transmission, guidelines recommend the use of designated haemodialysis machines and patient isolation for patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV). These practices are without a strong evidence base, and may no longer be necessary in the setting of heat disinfection programs and standard precautions. METHODS An online cross-sectional survey was developed for renal clinicians across Australia and New Zealand to explore infection prevention policy concerning patients with chronic HBV in haemodialysis units. We sought to determine whether psychosocial and cultural impacts might result from the mandatory use of machine designation and patient isolation practices, as perceived by multidisciplinary healthcare workers with experience working with this patient population. RESULTS Sixty-seven responses from 27 health districts across all states of Australia and one New Zealand district were received. Most respondents were from urban areas (65%), and were nurses (87%). 50% of health districts reported using designated machines, while 32% isolate patients. Lack of necessary resources limited the use of designated machines (57%), and patient isolation (78%). Respondents not routinely using these precautions were more likely to express concerns regarding patient psychosocial wellbeing and cultural appropriateness. Overall, 30% of respondents expressed concerns regarding the cultural appropriateness of these recommendations. CONCLUSION We demonstrate wide variation in haemodialysis infection prevention and control policy and practice with regards to managing patients with chronic HBV. While use of standard precautions and machine disinfection are consistently applied, resource availability and concerns for patient psychosocial wellbeing limit adherence to international guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Russo
- Department of Nephrology, Medical & Interventional Services, John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Local Health District, New South Wales, Australia. https://twitter.com/renalrusso
| | - Jill Telfer
- Dialysis Services, Peel, Mehi and Tablelands Sectors, Hunter New England Local Health District, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Carla Silva
- Department of Nephrology, Medical & Interventional Services, John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Local Health District, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Eliza Daly
- Department of Nephrology, Medical & Interventional Services, John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Local Health District, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sarah Browning
- Infection Prevention Service, Hunter New England Local Health District, New South Wales, Australia; University of Newcastle, School of Medicine and Public Health, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Infection Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
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Madihi S, Laassili C, Boukaira S, Baha W, Khyatti M, Zyad A, Ben Mkaddem S, Benani A. Development and validation of the first HBV qRT-PCR assay in the Mediterranean area targeting the X region. J Virol Methods 2024; 326:114913. [PMID: 38452821 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2024.114913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global public health burden and affects approximatively 300 million people around the world. Since, HBV population is represented with genetic diversity, having different viral effects. Development of a new prognosis method play a key role on the efficiency of the different treatment. The HBx protein of HBV has a potential role in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC), which makes it a valuable target for HCC prognosis. In this context, the first quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay in the Mediterranean area was developed and validated. Specific primers and probes of a conserved X region across all HBV genotypes were designed and the qRT-PCR was performed with the TaqPath 1-Step Multiplex Master Mix on 441 Moroccan plasma samples in Pasteur Institute of Morocco. The assay demonstrated a linear quantification range of 1010-101 IU/reaction (R2 = 0.99) and a quantification limit of 15 IU/mL. Comparative evaluations with the COBAS Ampliprep/COBAS TaqMan (CAP/CTM) HBV, v2.0 and the artus HBV QS-RGQ assays showed strong correlations (R2 = 0.92 and R2 = 0.89, respectively). Our test is fast, highly sensitive, specific, reproducible, and labor-saving. This system will be of great advantage to Mediterranean countries in their efforts to eliminate viral hepatitis B and C by 2030, enabling precise monitoring and effective treatment of HBV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Madihi
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco; Team of Experimental Oncology and Natural Substances, Cellular and Molecular Immuno pharmacology, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Beni Mellal, Morocco.
| | - Chaimaa Laassili
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Benguerir, Morocco
| | - Samia Boukaira
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco; Molecular Microbiology and Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Warda Baha
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Meriem Khyatti
- Oncology laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Abdelmajid Zyad
- Team of Experimental Oncology and Natural Substances, Cellular and Molecular Immuno pharmacology, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Sanae Ben Mkaddem
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Benguerir, Morocco
| | - Abdelouaheb Benani
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
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Zang Q, Ju Y, Liu S, Wu S, Zhu C, Liu L, Xu W, He Y. The significance of m6A RNA methylation regulators in diagnosis and subtype classification of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Hum Cell 2024; 37:752-767. [PMID: 38536633 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-024-01044-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, abnormal m6A alteration in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been a focus on investigating the biological implications. In this study, our objective is to determine whether m6A modification contributes to the progression of HBV-related HCC. To achieve this, we employed a random forest model to screen top 8 characteristic m6A regulators from 19 candidate genes. Subsequently, we developed a nomogram model that utilizes these 8 characteristic m6A regulators to predict the prevalence of HBV-related HCC. According to decision curve analysis, patients may benefit from the nomogram model. The clinical impact curves exhibited a robust predictive capability of the nomogram models. Additionally, consensus molecular subtyping was employed to identify m6A modification patterns and m6A-related gene signature. The quantification of immune cell subsets was accomplished through the implementation of ssGSEA algorithms. PCA algorithms were developed to compute the m6A score for individual tumors. Two distinct m6A modification patterns, namely cluster A and cluster B, exhibited significant correlations with distinct immune infiltration patterns and biological pathways. Notably, patients belonging to cluster B demonstrated higher m6A scores compared to those in cluster A, as determined by the m6A score metric. Furthermore, the expression of IGFBP3 proteins was validated through immunofluorescence, revealing their pronounced lower expression in tumor tissues. In summary, our study underscores the importance of m6A modification in the advancement of HBV-related HCC. This research has the potential to yield novel prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the identification of HBV-related HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijuan Zang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta Road(W), Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yalin Ju
- Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Siyi Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta Road(W), Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shaobo Wu
- Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chengbin Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta Road(W), Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liangru Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta Road(W), Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weicheng Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta Road(W), Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yingli He
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta Road(W), Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
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Qin Y, Ren J, Yu H, He X, Cheng S, Chen W, Yang Z, Sun F, Wang C, Yuan S, Chen P, Wu D, Ren F, Huang A, Chen J. HOXA-AS2 Epigenetically Inhibits HBV Transcription by Recruiting the MTA1-HDAC1/2 Deacetylase Complex to cccDNA Minichromosome. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024:e2306810. [PMID: 38647380 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Persistent transcription of HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) is critical for chronic HBV infection. Silencing cccDNA transcription through epigenetic mechanisms offers an effective strategy to control HBV. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), as important epigenetic regulators, have an unclear role in cccDNA transcription regulation. In this study, lncRNA sequencing (lncRNA seq) is conducted on five pairs of HBV-positive and HBV-negative liver tissue. Through analysis, HOXA-AS2 (HOXA cluster antisense RNA 2) is identified as a significantly upregulated lncRNA in HBV-infected livers. Further experiments demonstrate that HBV DNA polymerase (DNA pol) induces HOXA-AS2 after establishing persistent high-level HBV replication. Functional studies reveal that HOXA-AS2 physically binds to cccDNA and significantly inhibits its transcription. Mechanistically, HOXA-AS2 recruits the MTA1-HDAC1/2 deacetylase complex to cccDNA minichromosome by physically interacting with metastasis associated 1 (MTA1) subunit, resulting in reduced acetylation of histone H3 at lysine 9 (H3K9ac) and lysine 27 (H3K27ac) associated with cccDNA and subsequently suppressing cccDNA transcription. Altogether, the study reveals a mechanism to self-limit HBV replication, wherein the upregulation of lncRNA HOXA-AS2, induced by HBV DNA pol, can epigenetically suppress cccDNA transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- YiPing Qin
- Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - JiHua Ren
- Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - HaiBo Yu
- Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Xin He
- Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - ShengTao Cheng
- Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - WeiXian Chen
- Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - FengMing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - ChunDuo Wang
- Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - SiYu Yuan
- Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - DaiQing Wu
- Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Fang Ren
- Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - AiLong Huang
- Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
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Tang L, Remiszewski S, Snedeker A, Chiang LW, Shenk T. An allosteric inhibitor of sirtuin 2 blocks hepatitis B virus covalently closed circular DNA establishment and its transcriptional activity. Antiviral Res 2024:105888. [PMID: 38641024 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
296 million people worldwide are predisposed to developing severe end-stage liver diseases due to chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. HBV forms covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) molecules that persist as episomal DNA in the nucleus of infected hepatocytes and drive viral replication. Occasionally, the HBV genome becomes integrated into host chromosomal DNA, a process that is believed to significantly contribute to circulating HBsAg levels and HCC development. Neither cccDNA accumulation nor expression from integrated HBV DNA are directly targeted by current antiviral treatments. In this study, we investigated the antiviral properties of a newly described allosteric modulator, FLS-359, that targets sirtuin 2 (SIRT2), an NAD+-dependent deacylase. Our results demonstrate that SIRT2 modulation by FLS-359 and by other tool compounds inhibits cccDNA synthesis following de novo infection of primary human hepatocytes and HepG2 (C3A)-NTCP cells, and FLS-359 substantially reduces cccDNA recycling in HepAD38 cells. While pre-existing cccDNA is not eradicated by short-term treatment with FLS-359, its transcriptional activity is substantially impaired, likely through inhibition of viral promoter activities. Consistent with the inhibition of viral transcription, HBsAg production by HepG2.2.15 cells, which contain integrated HBV genomes, is also suppressed by FLS-359. Our study provides further insights on SIRT2 regulation of HBV infection and supports the development of potent SIRT2 inhibitors as HBV antivirals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liudi Tang
- Evrys Bio, LLC, Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, Doylestown, Pennsylvania 18902; Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Doylestown, Pennsylvania 18902.
| | - Stacy Remiszewski
- Evrys Bio, LLC, Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, Doylestown, Pennsylvania 18902
| | - Andrew Snedeker
- Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Doylestown, Pennsylvania 18902
| | - Lillian W Chiang
- Evrys Bio, LLC, Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, Doylestown, Pennsylvania 18902
| | - Thomas Shenk
- Evrys Bio, LLC, Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, Doylestown, Pennsylvania 18902; Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540
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10
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Begré L, Boyd A, Plissonnier ML, Testoni B, Salazar-Vizcaya L, Suter-Riniker F, Scholtès C, Béguelin C, Rockstroh JK, Günthard HF, Calmy A, Cavassini M, Hirsch HH, Schmid P, Bernasconi E, Levrero M, Wandeler G, Zoulim F, Rauch A. Circulating HBV RNA and hepatitis B core-related antigen trajectories in persons with HIV/HBV coinfection and HBsAg loss on tenofovir therapy. J Infect Dis 2024:jiae189. [PMID: 38626170 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated long-term trajectories of circulating hepatitis B virus (HBV)-RNA and hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg) in persons with and without hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss during tenofovir therapy in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study. METHODS We included 29 persons with HIV (PWH) with HBsAg loss and 29 matched PWH without loss. We compared HBV-RNA and HBcrAg decline and assessed the cumulative proportions with undetectable HBV-RNA and HBcrAg levels during tenofovir therapy using Kaplan-Meier estimates. RESULTS HBsAg loss occurred after a median of 4 years (IQR 1 - 8). All participants with HBsAg loss achieved suppressed HBV-DNA and undetectable HBV-RNA preceding undetectable qHBsAg levels, whereas 79% achieved negative HBcrAg. In comparison, 79% of the participants without HBsAg loss achieved undetectable HBV-RNA and 48% negative HBcrAg. After two years on tenofovir, an HBV RNA decline ≥1 log10 copies/ml had 100% sensitivity and 36.4% specificity for HBsAg loss, whereas an HBcrAg decline ≥1 log10 U/ml had 91.0% sensitivity and 64.5% specificity. CONCLUSIONS HBV-RNA suppression preceded undetectable qHBsAg levels, and had high sensitivity but low specificity for HBsAg loss during tenofovir therapy in PWH. HBcrAg remained detectable in approximately 20% of persons with, and 50% of persons without HBsAg loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorin Begré
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anders Boyd
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Research and Prevention, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- stichting hiv monitoring Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Infectious Diseases, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marie-Laure Plissonnier
- Inserm Unit 1052, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon Hepatology Institute, Lyon, France
| | - Barbara Testoni
- Inserm Unit 1052, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon Hepatology Institute, Lyon, France
| | - Luisa Salazar-Vizcaya
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Caroline Scholtès
- Inserm Unit 1052, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon Hepatology Institute, Lyon, France
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Charles Béguelin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen K Rockstroh
- HIV-Clinic, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Huldrych F Günthard
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Calmy
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Geneva, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Cavassini
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hans H Hirsch
- Division of Infectious Diseases & Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Schmid
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Enos Bernasconi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale Lugano, University of Geneva and University of Southern Switzerland, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Massimo Levrero
- Inserm Unit 1052, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon Hepatology Institute, Lyon, France
| | - Gilles Wandeler
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fabien Zoulim
- Inserm Unit 1052, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon Hepatology Institute, Lyon, France
| | - Andri Rauch
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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11
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Zhou J, Hua Y, Liu Y, Wu T, Xu H, Wang Z, Wang X, Niu J. A mutual regulatory loop between transcription factor Yin Yang 1 and hepatitis B virus replication influences chronic hepatitis B 1. Antiviral Res 2024:105889. [PMID: 38631661 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections pose a major threat to human health. HBV can upregulate the expression of the transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) in in vitro cytological experiments, suggesting an association between YY1 and HBV infection. However, data on YY1 expression in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients are lacking. In this study, we aimed to assess the correlation between YY1 expression and HBV infection. We detected serum YY1 levels in 420 patients with chronic HBV infection, 30 patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection, and 32 healthy controls using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The correlation between YY1 levels and clinical parameters was analyzed. Meanwhile, the changes of YY1 before and after interferon or entecavir treatment were analyzed. YY1 levels in the liver tissues were detected using immunofluorescence staining. The expression of YY1 in HBV-expressing cells was detected through western blotting. Meanwhile, we explored the effects of YY1 on HBV replication and gene expression. We found that YY1 was highly expressed in the serum and liver tissues of CHB patients. Serum YY1 levels positively correlated with HBV DNA and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Additionally, HBV DNA levels increased but HBsAg levels decreased after HBV-expressing cells overexpress YY1. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that YY1 plays an important role in HBV replication and gene expression, providing a potential target for the treatment of CHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Department of Hepatology, Centre of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Yunhao Hua
- Infection Control Department, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Yuwei Liu
- Department of Hepatology, Centre of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Hepatology, Centre of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Hongqin Xu
- Department of Hepatology, Centre of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Zhongfeng Wang
- Department of Hepatology, Centre of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Department of Hepatology, Centre of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China.
| | - Junqi Niu
- Department of Hepatology, Centre of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China.
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Sukowati CHC, Jayanti S, Turyadi T, Muljono DH, Tiribelli C. Hepatitis B virus genotypes in precision medicine of hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma: Where we are now. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:1097-1103. [PMID: 38660644 PMCID: PMC11037070 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i4.1097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major player in chronic hepatitis B that may lead to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HBV genetics are diverse where it is classified into at least 9 genotypes (A to I) and 1 putative genotype (J), each with specific geographical distribution and possible different clinical outcomes in the patient. This diversity may be associated with the precision medicine for HBV-related HCC and the success of therapeutical approaches against HCC, related to different pathogenicity of the virus and host response. This Editorial discusses recent updates on whether the classification of HBV genetic diversity is still valid in terms of viral oncogenicity to the HCC and its precision medicine, in addition to the recent advances in cellular and molecular biology technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caecilia H C Sukowati
- Eijkman Research Center for Molecular Biology, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Jakarta 10340, Indonesia
- Liver Cancer Unit, Fondazione Italiana Fegato ONLUS, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Sri Jayanti
- Eijkman Research Center for Molecular Biology, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Jakarta 10340, Indonesia
| | - Turyadi Turyadi
- Eijkman Research Center for Molecular Biology, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Jakarta 10340, Indonesia
| | - David H Muljono
- Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia
| | - Claudio Tiribelli
- Liver Cancer Unit, Fondazione Italiana Fegato ONLUS, Trieste 34149, Italy
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13
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Song J, Liu L, Wang Z, Xie D, Azami NLB, Lu L, Huang Y, Ye W, Zhang Q, Sun M. CCL20 and CD8A as potential diagnostic biomarkers for HBV-induced liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28329. [PMID: 38596115 PMCID: PMC11002547 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The main cause of the liver fibrosis (LF) remains hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, especially in China. Histologically, liver fibrosis still occurs progressively in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, even if HBV-DNA is negative or undetectable. The diagnosis of LF is beneficial to control the development of it, also it may promote the reversal of LF. Although liver biopsy is the gold standard of diagnosis in LF at present, it isa traumatic diagnosis. There are no diagnostic biomarkers as yet for the condition. It is badly in need of biomarkers clinically, which is simple to test, minimally invasive, highly specific, and sensitive. Early detection of HBV-LF development is crucial in the prevention, treatment, and prognosis prediction of HBV-LF. Cytokines are closely associated with both immune regulation and inflammation in the progression of hepatitis B virus associated-liver fibrosis (HBV-LF). In this bioinformatic study, we not only analyzed the relationship between HBV-LF and immune infiltration, but also identified key genes to uncover new therapeutic targets. Objectives To find potential biomarkers for liver fibrosis in the development of chronic hepatic B patients. Materials and methods We obtained two sets of data including CHB/healthy control and CHB/HBV-LF from the Integrated Gene Expression (GEO) database to select for differential expression analysis. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was also generated, while key genes and important gene modules involved in the occurrence and development of HBV-LF were identified. These key genes were analyzed by functional enrichment analysis, module analysis, and survival analysis. Furthermore, the relationship between these two diseases and immune infiltration was explored. Results Among the identified genes, 150 were individually associated with CHB and healthy control in the differential gene expression (DGE) analysis. While 14 with CHB and HBV-LF. It was also analyzed in the Robust rank aggregation (RRA) analysis, 34 differential genes were further identified by Cytohubba. Among 34 differential genes, two core genes were determined: CCL20 and CD8A. CCL20 was able to predict CHB positivity (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC-ROC] = 0.883, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.786-0.963), while HBV-LF positivity ([AUC-ROC] = 0.687, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.592-0.779). And CD8A was able to predict CHB positivity ([AUC-ROC] = 0.960, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.915-0.992), while HBV-LF positivity ([AUC-ROC] = 0.773, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.680-0.856). Relationship between CCL20 gene expression and LF grades was P < 0.05, as well as CD8A. Conclusion CCL20 and CD8A were found to be potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HBV-LF. It is instructive for research on the progression of LF in HBV patients, suppression of chronic inflammation, and development of molecularly targeted-therapy for HBV-LF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Song
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310007, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Dong Xie
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Nisma Lena Bahaji Azami
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yanping Huang
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Wei Ye
- Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310007, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Mingyu Sun
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
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Fan W, Liao W, Jiang S, Chen Y, Li C, Liang X. Development of novel prognostic models based on dynamic changes in risk factors for hepatitis B associated acute-on-chronic liver failure:a 10-year retrospective study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29276. [PMID: 38617970 PMCID: PMC11015138 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is associated with high short-term mortality, and early prediction is critical to reduce the deaths of ACLF patients. To date, however, the prognostic accuracy of current models for ACLF is unsatisfactory, particularly, in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. This study aims to develop novel prognostic models based on the dynamic changes in variables to predict the short-term mortality of HBV-associated ACLF (HBV-ACLF). Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted, with the population comprised in whom ACLF was confirmed.319 patients were enrolled and their clinical data were collected on Days 1 and 7 following hospital admission. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors for 28 and 90-day mortality. The dynamic alterations in the risk factors were further analyzed, and Days 1 and 7 prognostic models were constructed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were used to identify and compared the predictors of prognosis among our model. Results Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed significant risk factors at Days 1 and 7, which when combined with the clinically important parameters, were used to establish the Days 1 and 7 prognostic models. For 28-day mortality, the predictive accuracy of the Day 1 prognostic model was significantly higher than that of the albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) model. For 90-day mortality, the predictive accuracy of the Days 1 and 7 prognostic models was significantly higher than that of the Model of End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD), MELD-sodium (MELD-Na), and ALBI prognostic models. Conclusions The prognostic models established in this study were superior to the existing prognostic scoring systems to accurately predict short-term mortality, and therefore, could be potential novel prognostic tools for HBV-ACLF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhan Fan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Changhai Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of the Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wei Liao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Changhai Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of the Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Shengjun Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Endoscopy Center, Yixin People's Hospital, Jiangsu, 214200, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Changhai Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of the Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Chengzhong Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Changhai Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of the Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xuesong Liang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Changhai Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of the Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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15
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Tang JX, Zhao D. Current status of liver transplantation for human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in mainland China. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:1958-1962. [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i14.1958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
According to the report from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection exceeded 1.2 million individuals by the year 2022, with an annual increase of about 80000 cases. The overall prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen among individuals co-infected with HIV reached 13.7%, almost twice the rate of the general population in China. In addition to the well-documented susceptibility to opportunistic infections and new malignancies, HIV infected patients frequently experience liver-related organ damage, with the liver and kidneys being the most commonly affected. This often leads to the development of end-stage liver and kidney diseases. Therefore, organ transplantation has emerged as an important part of active treatment for HIV infected patients. However, the curative effect is not satisfactory. HIV infection has been considered a contraindication for organ transplantation. Until the emergence of highly active anti-retroviral therapy in 1996, the once intractable replication of retrovirus was effectively inhibited. With prolonged survival, the failure of important organs has become the main cause of death among HIV patients. Therefore, transplant centers worldwide have resumed exploration of organ transplantation for HIV-infected individuals and reached a positive conclusion. This study provides an overview of the current landscape of HIV-positive patients receiving liver transplantation (LT) in mainland China. To date, our transplant center has conducted LT for eight end-stage liver disease patients co-infected with HIV, and all but one, who died two months postoperatively due to sepsis and progressive multi-organ failure, have survived. Comparative analysis with hepatitis B virus-infected patients during the same period revealed no statistically significant differences in acute rejection reactions, cytomegalovirus infection, bacteremia, pulmonary infections, acute kidney injury, new-onset cancers, or vascular and biliary complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Xin Tang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Organ Transplantation Center, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dong Zhao
- Department of Liver Surgery and Organ Transplantation Center, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China
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16
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Kim HJ, Ko DH. Transfusion-transmitted infections. Blood Res 2024; 59:14. [PMID: 38607595 PMCID: PMC11014835 DOI: 10.1007/s44313-024-00014-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The risk of transfusion-transmitted infection (TTI) has always existed because transfused blood products are biological materials derived from humans. To prevent TTIs, screening strategies have been developed for various infectious diseases, such as hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus, contributing significantly to reducing TTI globally. Nevertheless, septic transfusion reactions (STRs) due to bacterial contamination remain an unresolved issue. Various infectious diseases can be transmitted through blood products, and preventive and selective screening strategies have been applied across different regions. Although multiple strategies, including culture-based and rapid detection kit-based methods, have been introduced to overcome STRs, complete prevention has not yet been achieved. Recently, pathogen inactivation methods have been developed to eliminate non-specific organisms rather than screening specific organisms. This approach is anticipated to contribute significantly to diminishing the risk of TTIs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Joo Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Dae-Hyun Ko
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
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Tang J, Weng R, Fang T, Zhang K, Yan X, Jin X, Xie L, Zhao D. Clinical outcomes of liver transplantation in human immunodeficiency virus/ hepatitis B virus coinfected patients in China. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:383. [PMID: 38589801 PMCID: PMC11003048 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09284-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has been able to improve the immune system function and survival of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients. However, Patients coinfected with HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) are more likely to develop end-stage liver disease (ESLD) than those infected with HBV alone. Consequently, liver transplantation is often required for these patients. This study evaluates the outcomes of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) of HIV-HBV coinfected patients in China. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis on all HIV-HBV coinfected patients that underwent OLT from April 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021 and their outcomes were compared to all HBV monoinfected patients undergoing OLT during the same period. Patient outcomes were determined, including cumulative survival, viral load, CD4 T-cell count and postoperative complications. RESULTS The median follow-up of HIV recipients was 36 months after OLT (interquartile range 12-39 months). Almost all patients had stable CD4 T-cell count (> 200 copies/ul), undetectable HBV DNA levels, and undetectable HIV RNA load during follow-up. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year posttransplant survival rates were 85.7% for the HIV group (unchanged from 1 to 3 years) versus 82.2%, 81.2%, and 78.8% for the non-HIV group. Cumulative survival among HIV-HBV coinfected recipients was not significantly different from the HBV monoinfected recipients (log-rank test P = 0.692). The percentage of deaths attributed to infection was comparable between the HIV and non-HIV groups (14.3% vs. 9.32%, P = 0.665). Post OLT, there was no significant difference in acute rejection, cytomegalovirus infection, bacteremia, pulmonary infection, acute kidney injury, de novo tumor and vascular and biliary complications. CONCLUSIONS Liver transplantation in patients with HIV-HBV coinfection yields excellent outcomes in terms of intermediate- or long-term survival rate and low incidence of postoperative complications in China. These findings suggest that OLT is safe and feasible for HIV-HBV coinfected patients with ESLD. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2300067631), registered 11 January 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Tang
- Department of Liver Surgery & Organ Transplantation Center, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Longgang District, Bulan Road 29#, 518000, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ruihui Weng
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern, University of Science and Technology, 518000, Shenzhen, China
| | - Taishi Fang
- Department of Liver Surgery & Organ Transplantation Center, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Longgang District, Bulan Road 29#, 518000, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kangjun Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery & Organ Transplantation Center, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Longgang District, Bulan Road 29#, 518000, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xu Yan
- Department of Liver Surgery & Organ Transplantation Center, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Longgang District, Bulan Road 29#, 518000, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Liver Surgery & Organ Transplantation Center, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Longgang District, Bulan Road 29#, 518000, Shenzhen, China
| | - Linjie Xie
- Department of Liver Surgery & Organ Transplantation Center, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Longgang District, Bulan Road 29#, 518000, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dong Zhao
- Department of Liver Surgery & Organ Transplantation Center, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Longgang District, Bulan Road 29#, 518000, Shenzhen, China.
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Ge FL, Yang Y, Si LL, Li YH, Cao MZ, Wang J, Bai ZF, Ren ZG, Xiao XH, Liu Y. Inhibition of hepatitis B virus via selective apoptosis modulation by Chinese patent medicine Liuweiwuling Tablet. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:1911-1925. [PMID: 38659485 PMCID: PMC11036500 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i13.1911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liuweiwuling Tablet (LWWL) is a Chinese patent medicine approved for the treatment of chronic inflammation caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Previous studies have indicated an anti-HBV effect of LWWL, specifically in terms of antigen inhibition, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. AIM To investigate the potential mechanism of action of LWWL against HBV. METHODS In vitro experiments utilized three HBV-replicating and three non-HBV-replicating cell lines. The in vivo experiment involved a hydrodynamic injection-mediated mouse model with HBV replication. Transcriptomics and metabolomics were used to investigate the underlying mechanisms of action of LWWL. RESULTS In HepG2.1403F cells, LWWL (0.8 mg/mL) exhibited inhibitory effects on HBV DNA, hepatitis B surface antigen and pregenomic RNA (pgRNA) at rates of 51.36%, 24.74% and 50.74%, respectively. The inhibition rates of LWWL (0.8 mg/mL) on pgRNA/covalently closed circular DNA in HepG2.1403F, HepG2.2.15 and HepG2.A64 cells were 47.78%, 39.51% and 46.74%, respectively. Integration of transcriptomics and metabolomics showed that the anti-HBV effect of LWWL was primarily linked to pathways related to apoptosis (PI3K-AKT, CASP8-CASP3 and P53 pathways). Apoptosis flow analysis revealed that the apoptosis rate in the LWWL-treated group was significantly higher than in the control group (CG) among HBV-replicating cell lines, including HepG2.2.15 (2.92% ± 1.01% vs 6.68% ± 2.04%, P < 0.05), HepG2.A64 (4.89% ± 1.28% vs 8.52% ± 0.50%, P < 0.05) and HepG2.1403F (3.76% ± 1.40% vs 7.57% ± 1.35%, P < 0.05) (CG vs LWWL-treated group). However, there were no significant differences in apoptosis rates between the non-HBV-replicating HepG2 cells (5.04% ± 0.74% vs 5.51% ± 1.57%, P > 0.05), L02 cells (5.49% ± 0.80% vs 5.48% ± 1.01%, P > 0.05) and LX2 cells (6.29% ± 1.54% vs 6.29% ± 0.88%, P > 0.05). TUNEL staining revealed a significantly higher apoptosis rate in the LWWL-treated group than in the CG in the HBV-replicating mouse model, while no noticeable difference in apoptosis rates between the two groups was observed in the non-HBV-replicating mouse model. CONCLUSION Preliminary results suggest that LWWL exerts a potent inhibitory effect on wild-type and drug-resistant HBV, potentially involving selective regulation of apoptosis. These findings offer novel insights into the anti-HBV activities of LWWL and present a novel mechanism for the development of anti-HBV medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Lin Ge
- Department of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
- The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yan Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Lan-Lan Si
- The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yuan-Hua Li
- The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Meng-Zhen Cao
- The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Zhao-Fang Bai
- The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Ren
- Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiao-He Xiao
- The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yan Liu
- The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
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Gao Q, Li X, Wang L, Tan X, Li Z, Xu C. The effect of intrahepatic cholestasis in pregnancy combined with different stages of hepatitis B virus infection on pregnancy outcomes: a retrospective study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2024; 24:245. [PMID: 38582906 PMCID: PMC10998294 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-024-06460-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS To investigate the impact of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection on pregnancy outcomes. METHODS We selected 512 pregnant women, collected the data including maternal demographics, main adverse pregnancy outcomes and maternal HBV infected markers HBeAg and HBV-DNA loads status, then have a comparative analysis. RESULTS There were 319 solitary ICP patients without HBV infection (Group I) and 193 ICP patients with HBV infection. Of the latter, there were 118 cases with abnormal liver function(Group II) and 80 cases with normal liver function(Group III). All HBV-infected pregnant women with ICP were divided into hepatitis Be antigen (HBeAg)-positive group (102 cases) and HBeAg-negative group (91 cases), according to the level of the serum HBeAg status; and into high viral load group (92 cases), moderate viral load group (46 cases) and low viral load group (55 cases) according to the maternal HBV-DNA level. Group II had a higher level of serum total bile acids, transaminase, bilirubin as well as a higher percentage of premature delivery, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission and meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) compared with the other two groups(P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences in the above indicators between the Group I and Group III. Among the HBV-infected patients with ICP, HBeAg-positive group had a higher level of serum transaminase, bilirubin and bile acid as well as earlier gestational weeks of delivery, lower birth weight of new-borns and a higher rate of NICU admission than HBeAg-negative group (P < 0.05). Those with a high viral load (HBV-DNA > 106 IU/ml) had a higher level of transaminase, bilirubin, and bile acid as well as shorter gestational weeks of delivery, lower birth weight of new-borns and a higher rate of NICU admission compared with those with a low or moderate viral load (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION HBV-infected pregnant women with ICP combined with abnormal liver function have more severe liver damage, a higher percentage of preterm birth and NICU admission. HBeAg-positive status and a high HBV-DNA load will increase the severity of conditions in HBV-infected pregnant women with ICP. HBV-infected patients with ICP who have abnormal liver function, HBeAg-positive or a high viral load should be treated more actively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Gao
- Department of Obstetrics, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Xuejiao Li
- Department of Obstetrics, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Xiaozhi Tan
- Department of Obstetrics, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Department of Obstetrics, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Chengfang Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
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Wang S, Xie Y, Liu F, Wang J, Yang Y, Wang J, Wang Y, Hang X. miR-3188 inhibits hepatitis B virus transcription by targeting Bcl-2. Arch Virol 2024; 169:88. [PMID: 38565755 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-024-05992-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Transcription of the covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is subject to dual regulation by host factors and viral proteins. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can regulate the expression of target genes at the post-transcriptional level. Systematic investigation of miRNA expression in HBV infection and the interaction between HBV and miRNAs may deepen our understanding of the transcription mechanisms of HBV cccDNA, thereby providing opportunities for intervention. miRNA sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) were used to analyze miRNA expression after HBV infection of cultured cells. Clinical samples were analyzed for miRNAs and HBV transcription-related indicators, using qRT-PCR, enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA), and Western blot. miRNA mimics or inhibitors were used to study their effects on the HBV life cycle. The target genes of miR-3188 and their roles in HBV cccDNA transcription were also identified. The expression of 10 miRNAs, including miR-3188, which was significantly decreased after HBV infection, was measured in clinical samples from patients with chronic HBV infection. Overexpression of miR-3188 inhibited HBV transcription, whereas inhibition of miR-3188 expression promoted HBV transcription. Further investigation confirmed that miR-3188 inhibited HBV transcription by targeting Bcl-2. miR-3188 is a key miRNA that regulates HBV transcription by targeting the host protein Bcl-2. This observation provides insights into the regulation of cccDNA transcription and suggests new targets for anti-HBV treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Xie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fufei Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianrong Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinghao Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The 988th Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force, Jiaozuo, China
| | - Junxue Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongxiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Hang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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Shi L, Guo G, Zhou J, Cheng Z, Zhu R, Kukolj G, Li C. Identification of a potent and specific retinoic acid-inducible gene 1 pathway activator as a Hepatitis B Virus antiviral through a novel cell-based reporter assay. J Virol Methods 2024; 325:114875. [PMID: 38176614 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2023.114875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection remains a global burden. To identify small molecule RIG-I agonists as antivirals against HBV, we developed an HBV-pgRNA-based interferon-β (IFN-β) luciferase reporter assay with high level of assay sensitivity, specificity and robustness. Through HTS screening, lead compound (JJ#1) was identified to activate RIG-I signaling pathway by inducing TBK1 phosphorylation. Knockdown experiments demonstrated that JJ#1-induced retinoic acid-inducible gene 1 (RIG-I) signaling pathway activation was MAVS-dependent. Furthermore, JJ#1 exhibited HBV antiviral potency in HBV-infected cell models by reducing HBV DNA and antigens (HBsAg and HBeAg).
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Shi
- Janssen China Research & Development Center, 5F North Building #1 Jinchuang Mansion, 4560 Jinke Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Guangyang Guo
- Janssen China Research & Development Center, 5F North Building #1 Jinchuang Mansion, 4560 Jinke Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jinying Zhou
- Janssen China Research & Development Center, 5F North Building #1 Jinchuang Mansion, 4560 Jinke Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Zhanling Cheng
- Janssen China Research & Development Center, 5F North Building #1 Jinchuang Mansion, 4560 Jinke Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ren Zhu
- Janssen China Research & Development Center, 5F North Building #1 Jinchuang Mansion, 4560 Jinke Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - George Kukolj
- Janssen Research and Development, SFBC, 1600 Sierra Point Pkwy, Brisbane, CA 94005, USA
| | - Chris Li
- Janssen Research and Development, SFBC, 1600 Sierra Point Pkwy, Brisbane, CA 94005, USA.
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Chen B, Qiu M, Gong R, Liu Y, Zhou Z, Wen Q, Wei X, Liang X, Jiang Y, Chen P, Wei Y, Huang Q, Mo Q, Lin Q, Yu H. Genetic variants in m5C modification genes are associated with survival of patients with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:1125-1134. [PMID: 38438738 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03687-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors with a high mortality rate. The 5-methylcytosine (m5C), a type of RNA modification, plays crucial regulatory roles in HCC carcinogenesis, metastasis, and prognosis. However, a few studies have investigated the effect of genetic variants in m5C modification genes on survival of patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC. In the present study, we evaluated associations between 144 SNPs in 15 m5C modification genes and overall survival (OS) in 866 patients with the HBV-related HCC. Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis and differential expression analysis were conducted to investigate biological mechanisms. As a result, we identified that two SNPs (NSUN7 rs2437325 A > G and TRDMT1 rs34434809 G > C) were significantly associated with HBV-related HCC OS with adjusted allelic hazards ratios of 1.25 (95% confidence interval = 1.05-1.48 and P = 0.011) and 1.19 (1.02-1.38 and P = 0.027), respectively, with a trend of combined risk genotypes (Ptrend < 0.001). Moreover, the results of eQTL analyses showed that both NSUN7 rs2437325 G and TRDMT1 rs34434809 C alleles were associated with a reduced mRNA expression level in 208 normal liver tissues (P = 0.007 and P < 0.001, respectively). Taken together, genetic variants in the m5C modification genes may be potential prognostic biomarkers of HBV-related HCC after hepatectomy, likely through mediating the mRNA expression of corresponding genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Chen
- Department of Experimental Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Moqin Qiu
- Department of Experimental Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Department of Respiratory Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Rongbin Gong
- Department of Experimental Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yingchun Liu
- Department of Experimental Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Key Cultivated Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Medicine of Guangxi Health Commission, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Zihan Zhou
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Qiuping Wen
- Department of Experimental Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Key Cultivated Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Medicine of Guangxi Health Commission, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wei
- Department of Clinical Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xiumei Liang
- Department of Disease Process Management, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yanji Jiang
- Department of Scientific Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Peiqin Chen
- Department of Experimental Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Editorial Department of Chinese Journal of Oncology Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yuying Wei
- Department of Experimental Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Qiongguang Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Qiuyan Mo
- Department of Experimental Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Qiuling Lin
- Department of Clinical Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, China.
| | - Hongping Yu
- Department of Experimental Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
- Key Cultivated Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Medicine of Guangxi Health Commission, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, 530021, China.
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23
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Li H, Gao S, Yang J, Zhang Y, Xuefei, Fan Y, Wang K. Prognostic value of genome-wide methylation in acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 256:155232. [PMID: 38452586 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
AIM Methylation status of genome varies between pre-acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure (pre-ACHBLF), acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure (ACHBLF), and chronic hepatitis B patients. This study aimed to find better prognostic indicators for acute-on-chronic liver failure. METHODS The level of global genome methylation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was detected. The overall genome methylation rate was determined using MethylFlash™ Methylated DNA Quantification Kit(Colorimetric). DNMT activity were measured using DNA Methyltransferase Activity/Inhibition Assay Kit. Gene expression of DNA methyltransferases (DNMT),methyl-CpG-binding domain (MBD) were detected by qRT-PCR. RESULTS The global genome methylation level in ACHBLF group was significantly higher than that in chronic hepatitis B group (P<0.001). There was also obvious difference of the global genome methylation level between pre-ACHBLF group and CHB group (P<0.001). Meanwhile, the activity of DNMT in ACHBLF group was significantly higher than that in chronic hepatitis B group (P<0.001). The mRNA expression level of DNMT1 was higher than that in pre-ACHBLF group (P<0.01) and CHB group (PP<0.001). The mRNA expression level of MBD1 in ACHBLF group was also higher than that in CHB group (P<0.001) and healthy controls (HCs) (P<0.01). And the mRNA expression level of MBD3 and MBD4 in ACHBLF, pre-ACHBLF and CHB group were lower than that in HCs (P<0.001). Meanwhile we observed an opposite change in the mRNA expression level of MECP2. The ROC curve suggested that global genome methylation level was a better prognostic predictor than MELD score in ACHBLF (AUC 0.950, SE 0.0237, 95%CI 0.874-0.986 VS AUC 0.863, SE 0.0439, 95%CI 0.765-0.931, P=0.0429). CONCLUSIONS Genome methylation level can be a good biomarker in predicting the severity and prognosis of ACHBLF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Li
- Department of Hepatology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Shuai Gao
- Department of Hepatology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Jieru Yang
- Department of Hepatology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Hepatology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xuefei
- Department of Hepatology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yuchen Fan
- Department of Hepatology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan 250012, China; Institute of Hepatology, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Hepatology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan 250012, China; Institute of Hepatology, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
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Yuen MF, Fung S, Ma X, Nguyen TT, Hassanein T, Hann HW, Elkhashab M, Nahass RG, Park JS, Jacobson IM, Ayoub WS, Han SH, Gane EJ, Zomorodi K, Yan R, Ma J, Knox SJ, Stamm LM, Bonacini M, Weilert F, Ramji A, Bennett M, Ravendhran N, Chan S, Dieterich DT, Kwo PY, Schiff ER, Bae HS, Lalezari J, Agarwal K, Sulkowski MS. Long-term open-label vebicorvir for chronic HBV infection: Safety and off-treatment responses. JHEP Rep 2024; 6:100999. [PMID: 38510983 PMCID: PMC10951643 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims The investigational first-generation core inhibitor vebicorvir (VBR) demonstrated safety and antiviral activity over 24 weeks in two phase IIa studies in patients with chronic HBV infection. In this long-term extension study, patients received open-label VBR with nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NrtIs). Methods Patients in this study (NCT03780543) previously received VBR + NrtI or placebo + NrtI in parent studies 201 (NCT03576066) or 202 (NCT03577171). After receiving VBR + NrtI for ≥52 weeks, stopping criteria (based on the treatment history and hepatitis B e antigen status in the parent studies) were applied, and patients either discontinued both VBR + NrtI, discontinued VBR only, or continued both VBR + NrtI. The primary efficacy endpoint was the proportion of patients with HBV DNA <20 IU/ml at 24 weeks off treatment. Results Ninety-two patients entered the extension study and received VBR + NrtI. Long-term VBR + NrtI treatment led to continued suppression of HBV nucleic acids and, to a lesser extent, HBV antigens. Forty-three patients met criteria to discontinue VBR + NrtI, with no patients achieving the primary endpoint; the majority of virologic rebound occurred ≥4 weeks off treatment. Treatment was generally well tolerated, with few discontinuations due to adverse events (AEs). There were no deaths. Most AEs and laboratory abnormalities were related to elevations in alanine aminotransferase and occurred during the off-treatment or NrtI-restart phases. No drug-drug interactions between VBR + NrtI and no cases of treatment-emergent resistance among patients who adhered to treatment were observed. Conclusions Long-term VBR + NrtI was safe and resulted in continued reductions in HBV nucleic acids following completion of the 24-week parent studies. Following treatment discontinuation, virologic relapse was observed in all patients. This first-generation core inhibitor administered with NrtI for at least 52 weeks was not sufficient for HBV cure. Clinical trial number NCT03780543. Impact and implications Approved treatments for chronic hepatitis B virus infection (cHBV) suppress viral replication, but viral rebound is almost always observed after treatment discontinuation, highlighting an unmet need for improved therapies with finite treatment duration producing greater therapeutic responses that can be sustained off treatment. First-generation core inhibitors, such as vebicorvir, have mechanisms of action orthogonal to standard-of-care therapies that deeply suppress HBV viral replication during treatment; however, to date, durable virologic responses have not been observed after treatment discontinuation. The results reported here will help researchers with the design and interpretation of future studies investigating core inhibitors as possible components of finite treatment regimens for patients with cHBV. It is possible that next-generation core inhibitors with enhanced potency may produce deeper and more durable antiviral activity than first-generation agents, including vebicorvir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Fung Yuen
- Department of Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, School of Clinical Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Scott Fung
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- Office of Xiaoli Ma, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tuan T. Nguyen
- T Nguyen Research and Education, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Hie-Won Hann
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Steven-Huy Han
- Pfleger Liver Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Katie Zomorodi
- Assembly Biosciences, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ran Yan
- Assembly Biosciences, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Julie Ma
- Assembly Biosciences, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Steven J. Knox
- Assembly Biosciences, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Luisa M. Stamm
- Assembly Biosciences, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Alnoor Ramji
- GastroIntestinal Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Douglas T. Dieterich
- Department of Medicine, Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul Yien Kwo
- Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Eugene R. Schiff
- Schiff Center for Liver Diseases, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ho S. Bae
- Asian Pacific Liver Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Kosh Agarwal
- Institute of Liver Studies, King’s College Hospital, London, UK
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Hu J, Wang X, Prince M, Wang F, Sun J, Yang X, Wang W, Ye J, Chen L, Luo X. Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI based radiomics combined with clinical variables in stratifying hepatic functional reserve in HBV infected patients. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2024; 49:1051-1062. [PMID: 38294541 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-023-04176-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSES To evaluate radiomics from Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MR combined with clinical variables for stratifying hepatic functional reserve in hepatitis B virus (HBV) patients. METHODS Our study included 279 chronic HBV patients divided 8:2 for training and test cohorts. Radiomics features were extracted from the hepatobiliary phase (HBP) MR images. Radiomics features were selected to construct a Rad-score which was combined with clinical parameters in two models differentiating hepatitis vs. Child-Pugh A and Child-Pugh A vs. B/C. Performances of these stratifying models were compared using area under curve (AUC). RESULTS Rad-score alone discriminated hepatitis vs. Child-Pugh A with AUC = 0.890, 0.914 and Child-Pugh A vs. B/C with AUC = 0.862, 0.865 for the training and test cohorts, respectively. Model 1 [Rad-score + clinical parameters for hepatitis vs. Child-Pugh A] showed AUC = 0.978 for the test cohort, which was higher than ALBI [albumin-bilirubin] and MELD [model for end-stage liver disease], with AUCs of 0.716, 0.799, respectively (p < 0.001, < 0.001). Model 2 [Rad-score + clinical parameters for Child-Pugh A vs. B/C] showed AUC of 0.890 in the test cohort, which was similar to ALBI (AUC = 0.908, p = 0.760), and higher than MELD (AUC = 0.709, p = 0.018). CONCLUSION Rad-score combined with clinical variables stratifies hepatic functional reserve in HBV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghui Hu
- Department of Radiology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, No. 98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Department of Radiology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, No. 98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Martin Prince
- Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 407 E61st Street, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Research and Development, Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co., Ltd., Yunjin Road 701, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200232, China
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Radiology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, No. 98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Radiology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, No. 98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Wenjian Wang
- Department of Radiology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, No. 98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Radiology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, No. 98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Research and Development, Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co., Ltd., Yunjin Road 701, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200232, China
| | - Xianfu Luo
- Department of Radiology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, No. 98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, 225001, China.
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Hossain MG, Islam M, Araf Y, Paul SK, Akter S, Khan MK, Ahmed MU, Khan S, Akbar SMF, Debnath CR. Comprehensive analysis of antigenic variations and genomic properties of hepatitis B virus in clinical samples in the mid-north east region of Bangladesh. Infect Genet Evol 2024; 119:105572. [PMID: 38367678 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
This investigation delineates an exhaustive analysis of the clinical, immunological, and genomic landscapes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection across a cohort of 22 verified patients. The demographic analysis unveiled a pronounced male bias (77.27%), with patient ages spanning 20 to 85 years and durations of illness ranging from 10 days to 4 years. Predominant clinical manifestations included fever, fatigue, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, and arthralgia, alongside observed co-morbidities such as chronic renal disorders and hepatocellular carcinoma. Antigenic profiling of the HBV envelope proteins elucidated significant heterogeneity among the infected subjects, particularly highlighted by discordances in the detection capabilities of small and large HBsAg assays, suggesting antigenic diversity. Quantitative assessment of viral loads unveiled a broad spectrum, accompanied by atypical HBeAg reactivity patterns, challenging the reliability of existing serological markers. Correlative studies between viral burden and antigenicity of the envelope proteins unearthed phenomena indicative of diagnostic evasion. Notably, samples demonstrating robust viral replication were paradoxically undetectable by the large HBsAg ELISA kit, advocating for more sophisticated diagnostic methodologies. Genotypic examination of three HBV isolates classified them as genotype D (D2), with phylogenetic alignment to strains from various global origins. Mutational profiling identified pivotal mutations within the basic core promoter and preS2/S1 regions, associated with an augmented risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Further, mutations discerned in the small HBsAg and RT/overlap regions were recognized as contributors to vaccine and/or diagnostic escape mechanisms. In summation, this scholarly discourse elucidates the intricate interplay of clinical presentations, antigenic diversity, and genomic attributes in HBV infection, accentuating the imperative for ongoing investigative endeavors to refine diagnostic and therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Golzar Hossain
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.
| | - Mahfuz Islam
- Department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Yusha Araf
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Shyamal Kumar Paul
- Department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Sharmin Akter
- Department of Physiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | | | - Muzahed Uddin Ahmed
- Department of Medicine, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Sakirul Khan
- Research Center for Global and Local Infectious Diseases, Oita University, Oita, Japan; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Sheikh Mohammad Fazle Akbar
- Research Center for Global and Local Infectious Diseases, Oita University, Oita, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Miyakawa Memorial Research Foundation, Tokyo, Japan
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Jentsch U, Vermeulen M, van den Berg K, Swanevelder R, Creel D, Jacobs G, Hemingway-Foday JJ, Nyoni C, Murphy EL, Custer B. A case-control study of risk factors for incident hepatitis B virus infection in South African blood donors. Int J Infect Dis 2024; 141:106958. [PMID: 38373648 PMCID: PMC11034725 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a global health problem. Risk factors for HBV infection are usually assessed in prevalent rather than incident infections. To identify demographic and behavioral risks associated with incident HBV among South African blood donors. METHODS A case-control study was performed between November 2014 and January 2018. Cases were blood donors testing positive for HBV DNA with or without hepatitis B surface antigen but negative for antibody to hepatitis B core antigen. Participants completed an audio computer-assisted structured interview on exposures during the previous 6 months. Sex-specific multivariable logistic regression yielded independent associations between risks and HBV infection. RESULTS 56 females and 37 males with incident HBV were compared to 438 female and 439 male controls, respectively. For females, risk factors were accepting money or goods for sex, using agents to prepare one's anus prior to anal sex, penetrating injury, non-Black race, and lower educational status. Men reporting homosexual or bisexual orientation or sex with other men, previous injury, referral for HBV testing, or lack of medical insurance were at increased risk. For both sexes, having more than two male sexual partners increased risk. CONCLUSIONS Sexual behaviors predominated over parenteral exposures as risks for incident HBV in both female and male blood donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute Jentsch
- The South African National Blood Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Marion Vermeulen
- The South African National Blood Service, Johannesburg, South Africa; University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Karin van den Berg
- The South African National Blood Service, Johannesburg, South Africa; University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Ronél Swanevelder
- The South African National Blood Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Genevieve Jacobs
- The South African National Blood Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Cynthia Nyoni
- The South African National Blood Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Edward L Murphy
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA; Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, USA
| | - Brian Custer
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, USA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
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Peng H, Lei SY, Fan W, Dai Y, Zhang Y, Chen G, Xiong TT, Liu TZ, Huang Y, Wang XF, Xu JH, Luo XH. Assessing recent recurrence after hepatectomy for hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma by a predictive model based on sarcopenia. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:1727-1738. [PMID: 38617742 PMCID: PMC11008376 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i12.1727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia may be associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following hepatectomy. But traditional single clinical variables are still insufficient to predict recurrence. We still lack effective prediction models for recent recurrence (time to recurrence < 2 years) after hepatectomy for HCC. AIM To establish an interventable prediction model to estimate recurrence-free survival (RFS) after hepatectomy for HCC based on sarcopenia. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 283 hepatitis B-related HCC patients who underwent curative hepatectomy for the first time, and the skeletal muscle index at the third lumbar spine was measured by preoperative computed tomography. 94 of these patients were enrolled for external validation. Cox multivariate analysis was per-formed to identify the risk factors of postoperative recurrence in training cohort. A nomogram model was developed to predict the RFS of HCC patients, and its predictive performance was validated. The predictive efficacy of this model was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve. RESULTS Multivariate analysis showed that sarcopenia [Hazard ratio(HR) = 1.767, 95%CI: 1.166-2.678, P < 0.05], alpha-fetoprotein ≥ 40 ng/mL (HR = 1.984, 95%CI: 1.307-3.011, P < 0.05), the maximum diameter of tumor > 5 cm (HR = 2.222, 95%CI: 1.285-3.842, P < 0.05), and hepatitis B virus DNA level ≥ 2000 IU/mL (HR = 2.1, 95%CI: 1.407-3.135, P < 0.05) were independent risk factors associated with postoperative recurrence of HCC. Based on the sarcopenia to assess the RFS model of hepatectomy with hepatitis B-related liver cancer disease (SAMD) was established combined with other the above risk factors. The area under the curve of the SAMD model was 0.782 (95%CI: 0.705-0.858) in the training cohort (sensitivity 81%, specificity 63%) and 0.773 (95%CI: 0.707-0.838) in the validation cohort. Besides, a SAMD score ≥ 110 was better to distinguish the high-risk group of postoperative recurrence of HCC. CONCLUSION Sarcopenia is associated with recent recurrence after hepatectomy for hepatitis B-related HCC. A nutritional status-based prediction model is first established for postoperative recurrence of hepatitis B-related HCC, which is superior to other models and contributes to prognosis prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Peng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang 550002, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Si-Yi Lei
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang 550002, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Wei Fan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang 550002, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yu Dai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang 550002, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang 550002, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Gen Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang 550002, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Ting-Ting Xiong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang 550002, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Tian-Zhao Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang 550002, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang 550002, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang 550002, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Jin-Hui Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang 550002, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Xin-Hua Luo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang 550002, Guizhou Province, China
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Zhu C, Tang M, Fu Y, Xun Z, Lin C, Wu S, Chen T, Zeng Y, Yang B, Ou Q, Liu C. Characterization of BCP/PreC/C region quasispecies in treatment-naive patients with different phases of HBV infection using next-generation sequencing. Int J Med Microbiol 2024; 315:151619. [PMID: 38564936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2024.151619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To analysis of quasispecies (QS) changes and high-frequency mutations in the BCP/PreC/C region of patients at different phases of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and provides novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. METHODS With the application of next-generation sequencing technology, we were able to sequence the HBV BCP/PreC/C regions in 40 patients, each at different phases of the HBV infection. The heterogeneity of QS and the frequency of mutations were calculated using MEGA 7 software. RESULTS Our results show that the complexity and diversity of the BCP/PreC/C QS in HBeAg-positive CHB patients are significantly higher than those in HBeAg-positive chronic infection patients, while HBeAg-negative chronic infection patients had significantly higher QS complexity and diversity than HBeAg-negative CHB patients. In addition, HBeAg-negative patients showed reduced complexity but increased diversity compared with HBeAg-positive patients. Receiver operating characteristic curves showed that G1764A, C2102T, dN and complexity of QS could be used as potential biomarkers for diagnosing HBeAg-positive CHB, while the A2189C, dS and complexity of QS could be used as potential biomarkers for diagnosing HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis. Finally, our study also found that G1896A and A2159G may be hotspot mutations affecting HBeAg seroconversion. CONCLUSION Our research elucidates the evolution of HBV by analyzing QS heterogeneity and mutation patterns, offering novel serum biomarkers for enhancing clinical diagnosis and disease prognosis. This comprehensive approach sheds light on the intricate dynamics of HBV progression and paves the way for more precise medical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenggong Zhu
- Fujian Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine of Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Minjie Tang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Gene Diagnostic Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ya Fu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Gene Diagnostic Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhen Xun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Gene Diagnostic Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Caorui Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Songhang Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Gene Diagnostic Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tianbin Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Gene Diagnostic Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yongbin Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Gene Diagnostic Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Gene Diagnostic Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine of Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qishui Ou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Gene Diagnostic Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine of Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Can Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Gene Diagnostic Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine of Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
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30
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Lam R, Lim JK. Advances in discovery of novel investigational agents for functional cure of chronic hepatitis B: A comprehensive review of phases II and III therapeutic agents. World J Hepatol 2024; 16:331-343. [PMID: 38577537 PMCID: PMC10989302 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects over 295 million people globally and an estimated 1.6 million people in the United States. It is associated with significant morbidity and mortality due to cirrhosis, liver failure, and liver cancer. Antiviral therapy with oral nucleos(t)ide analogues is associated with high rates of virologic suppression, which in turn has been associated with a decreased risk of liver complications. However, current antiviral regimens are limited by concerns with adverse effects, adherence, resistance, long-term treatment, and ongoing risk for liver events. Novel investigational agents are currently in development and are targeted at achieving functional cure with sustained hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss and suppression of HBV DNA. Herein we review key evidence from phases II and III trials defining the efficacy and safety profiles for key investigational agents for functional cure of chronic hepatitis B, including core/capsid inhibitors, entry inhibitors, RNA interference (siRNA/ASO), HBsAg inhibitors, Toll-like receptor agonists, checkpoint inhibitors, and therapeutic vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Lam
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
| | - Joseph K Lim
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States.
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31
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Liu SY, Wang D, Liu J, Yang LP, Chen GY. Influence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on response to antiviral treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B: A meta-analysis. World J Hepatol 2024; 16:465-476. [PMID: 38577526 PMCID: PMC10989305 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although hepatitis B virus infection is the leading cause of chronic liver injury globally, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is gradually gaining attention as another major chronic liver disease. The number of patients having chronic hepatitis B (CHB) with concomitant hepatic steatosis has increased. AIM To analyze the effect of NAFLD on the response to antiviral treatment in patients with CHB. METHODS Relevant English studies were systematically searched across PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library until October 2023. Studies in which the treatment outcomes were compared between patients with CHB only and those with CHB and hepatic steatosis were included. RESULTS Of the 2502 retrieved studies, 11 articles were finally included. Biochemical response until 48 wk (OR = 0.87, 95%CI: 0.50-1.53, P = 0.000) and 96 wk (OR = 0.35, 95%CI: 0.24-0.53, P = 0.24) and virological response until 96 wk (OR = 0.80, 95%CI: 0.43-1.49, P = 0.097) were lower in patients with hepatic steatosis than in patients with CHB alone. CONCLUSION Hepatic steatosis lowers the biochemical response to antiviral treatment in patients with CHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yi Liu
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Dian Wang
- Department of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310011, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Infectious and Hepatology Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lu-Ping Yang
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Gong-Ying Chen
- Department of Infectious and Hepatology Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Delpino MV, Quarleri J. Perilipin 2 inhibits replication of hepatitis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid by regulating autophagy under high-fat conditions. World J Virol 2024; 13:90384. [PMID: 38616854 PMCID: PMC11008407 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v13.i1.90384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection poses a global health concern without a definitive cure; however, antiviral medications can effectively suppress viral replication. This study delves into the intricate interplay between lipid metabolism and HBV replication, implicating molecular mechanisms such as the stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase 1 autophagy pathway, SAC1-like phosphatidylinositol phosphatase, and galectin-9 mediated selective autophagy of viral core proteins in regulating HBV replication. Within lipid droplets, perilipin 2 (PLIN2) emerges as a pivotal guardian, with its overexpression protecting against autophagy and downregulation stimulating triglyceride catabolism through the autophagy pathway. This editorial discusses the correlation between hepatic steatosis and HBV replication, emphasizing the role of PLIN2 in this process. The study underscores the multifaceted roles of lipid metabolism, autophagy, and perilipins in HBV replication, shedding light on potential therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Victoria Delpino
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires 1121, Argentina
| | - Jorge Quarleri
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires 1121, Argentina
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Sudevan N, Manrai M, Tilak TVSVGK, Khurana H, Premdeep H. Chronic hepatitis B and occult infection in chemotherapy patients - evaluation in oncology and hemato-oncology settings: The CHOICE study. World J Virol 2024; 13:89104. [PMID: 38616860 PMCID: PMC11008399 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v13.i1.89104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a well-known risk that can occur spontaneously or following immunosuppressive therapies, including cancer chemotherapy. HBV reactivation can cause significant morbidity and even mortality, which are preventable if at-risk individuals are identified through screening and started on antiviral prophylaxis. AIM To determine the prevalence of chronic HBV (CHB) and occult HBV infection (OBI) among oncology and hematology-oncology patients undergoing chemotherapy. METHODS In this observational study, the prevalence of CHB and OBI was assessed among patients receiving chemotherapy. Serological markers of HBV infection [hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)/anti-hepatitis B core antigen (HBc)] were evaluated for all patients. HBV DNA levels were assessed in those who tested negative for HBsAg but positive for total anti-HBc. RESULTS The prevalence of CHB in the study cohort was determined to be 2.3% [95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.0-4.2]. Additionally, the prevalence of OBI among the study participants was found to be 0.8% (95%CI: 0.2-2.3). CONCLUSION The findings of this study highlight the importance of screening for hepatitis B infection in oncology and hematology-oncology patients undergoing chemotherapy. Identifying individuals with CHB and OBI is crucial for implementing appropriate antiviral prophylaxis to prevent the reactivation of HBV infection, which can lead to increased morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayana Sudevan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune 411040, India
| | - Manish Manrai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Command Hospital Cantonment Rd, Sadar Bazaar, Cantonment, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India 226002
| | - T V S V G K Tilak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Command Hospital, Bangalore 560007, India
| | - Harshit Khurana
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune 411040, India
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Dai S, Zhu J, Chen X, Zheng L, Li X, Liu L. Alteration of serum bile acid profiles of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma identified by LC-MS/MS. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:157. [PMID: 38528272 PMCID: PMC10963458 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05686-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma closely related to metabolic disorders is a common and aggressive liver malignancy. The dysregulation of bile acid homeostasis has emerged as a key factor for the development and progression of HCC. We aimed to investigate the relationship between bile acids and HCC diagnosis and progression. METHODS A total of 744 HBV-related patients (including 396 HCC patients and 348 patients with chronic liver diseases) were enrolled in the current study. The baseline characteristics of patients were collected from electronic medical records, and the levels of bile acid profiles were determined by LC-MS/MS. Propensity score matching analysis was conducted to reduce the effect of selection bias, and receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to evaluate the clinical application values of bile acid. RESULTS Significant differences were observed for most characteristics between the HCC group and the CLD group before PSM analysis. Patients with HCC were older and fatter (p < 0.05). After adjusting with a 1:1 ratio for age, gender and BMI, 42 HCC patients and 42 non-HCC patients were matched in 2 groups, respectively. The total bile acid level in HCC patients was lower than that in patients with chronic liver diseases before and after PSM analysis (p < 0.05). However, patients with HCC had significantly higher levels of DCA, LCA, and GLCA and lower levels of TCDCA, GUDCA, and TUDCA (p < 0.05, respectively). Besides, the TCDCA, TUDCA, GLCA, and GUDCA were significantly correlated with tumor procession. Moreover, the BAs profiles had a superior predictive ability for predicting the development of HCC even in patients with low serum AFP levels. CONCLUSION Patients with HCC had significantly lower levels of total bile acid, but higher levels of secondary bile acids (DCA, LCA, and GLCA). The levels of primary bile acid (TCDCA) were closely related to tumor size and stage, which indicated that the bile acids were involved in the HCC procession and had important clinical application values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Dai
- Changzhou Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Lanling Road, Changzhou City, 213001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingfei Zhu
- Clinical Lab, Changzhou Third People's Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213001, China
| | - Xuqiong Chen
- Changzhou Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Lanling Road, Changzhou City, 213001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liming Zheng
- Clinical Lab, Changzhou Third People's Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213001, China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Clinical Lab, Changzhou Third People's Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213001, China.
| | - Longgen Liu
- Changzhou Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Lanling Road, Changzhou City, 213001, Jiangsu, China.
- Institute of Hepatology, Changzhou Third People's Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213001, China.
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De Pauli S, Grando M, Miotti G, Zeppieri M. Hepatitis B virus reactivation in patients treated with monoclonal antibodies. World J Virol 2024; 13:88487. [PMID: 38616853 PMCID: PMC11008406 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v13.i1.88487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation poses a significant clinical challenge, especially in patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapies, including monoclonal antibody treatments. This manuscript briefly explores the complex relationship between monoclonal antibody therapy and HBV reactivation, drawing upon current literature and clinical case studies. It delves into the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, highlighting the importance of risk assessment, monitoring, and prophylactic measures for patients at risk. The manuscript aims to enhance the understanding of HBV reactivation in the context of monoclonal antibody therapy, ultimately facilitating informed clinical decision-making and improved patient care. This paper will also briefly review the definition of HBV activation, assess the risks of reactivation, especially in patients treated with monoclonal antibodies, and consider management for patients with regard to screening, prophylaxis, and treatment. A better understanding of patients at risk can help clinicians provide optimum management to ensure successful patient outcomes and prevent morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia De Pauli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Azienda Sanitaria Friuli Occidentale, San Vito al Tagliamento, Pordenone 33170, Italy
| | - Martina Grando
- Department of Internal Medicine, Azienda Sanitaria Friuli Occidentale, San Vito al Tagliamento, Pordenone 33170, Italy
| | - Giovanni Miotti
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Marco Zeppieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy
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Hin-Man Leung R, Wan-Hin Hui R, Mak LY, Mao X, Sze-Hang Liu K, Ka-Ho Wong D, Fung J, Seto WK, Yuen MF. ALT to qHBsAg ratio predicts long-term HBsAg seroclearance after entecavir cessation in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B. J Hepatol 2024:S0168-8278(24)00204-6. [PMID: 38527527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2024.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Factors predicting HBsAg seroclearance after treatment cessation, irrespective of nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) resumption, have important clinical implications. We evaluated predictors of long-term HBsAg seroclearance after entecavir cessation. METHODS This study followed up Chinese chronic hepatitis B patients from two previous studies of entecavir cessation. All patients were non-cirrhotic, HBeAg-negative, with undetectable HBV DNA (<20 IU/ml) at end-of-treatment (EOT). They had close monitoring for 48 weeks with regular HBV DNA, qHBsAg and ALT measurements. Entecavir was resumed at HBV DNA >2000 IU/ml, irrespective of ALT levels. After the initial 48 weeks, patients were assessed every six months, regardless of entecavir resumption, to monitor for HBsAg seroclearance. RESULTS 194 patients (63.4% male, mean age 49.9 years, on entecavir for a median of 47.2 months) were recruited. 94 (48.5%) and 158 (81.4%) patients had EOT qHBsAg <100 IU/ml and <1000 IU/ml respectively. 151 (77.8%) patients were eventually resumed on entecavir. After follow-up for a median of 70.7 (51.0-118.2) months, 28 (14.4%) patients had HBsAg seroclearance. qHBsAg levels at weeks 36 and 48 after EOT independently predicted HBsAg seroclearance (both p<0.01), whereas qHBsAg from EOT to week 24 only trended towards statistical significance. The ratio of ALT/qHBsAg at all time points from EOT to week 48 independently predicted HBsAg seroclearance (HR ranging from 1.003-1.028, all p<0.01) with excellent diagnostic performance (Area-under-receiver-operating-characteristics 0.799-0.933, negative-predictive-value >90% at different time points), regardless of whether entecavir was resumed. CONCLUSIONS The ALT/qHBsAg ratio after entecavir cessation predicts HBsAg seroclearance, even in patients who were resumed on treatment. Its use may mitigate the risk of severe hepatitis flares in patients managed by observation without treatment resumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Hin-Man Leung
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Rex Wan-Hin Hui
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Lung-Yi Mak
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR; State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Xianhua Mao
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Kevin Sze-Hang Liu
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Danny Ka-Ho Wong
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR; State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - James Fung
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR; State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Wai-Kay Seto
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR; State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR; Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Man-Fung Yuen
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR; State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.
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阎 岩, Davgadorj C, 吕 春, 陆 忠, 俞 萍. [Predictive Value of Baseline Serum Marker Levels for the Effect of Interferon Therapy in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B]. Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2024; 55:383-390. [PMID: 38645851 PMCID: PMC11026883 DOI: 10.12182/20240360105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Objective To study the changes in the serum markers in chronic hepatitis B patients who have had previous treatment with long-acting interferon therapy of nucleoside and those who have not and to assess the value of the serum markers for clinical prognosis evaluation. Methods The clinical data of 411 cases of chronic hepatitis B were collected. All cases were given the additional treatment of long-acting interferon between October 2019 to April 2022. The cases were divided into two groups, a previously treated group consisting of patients who had been treated with nucleoside and nucleotide analogues (NAs) for more than 6 months after they became infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) for over 6 months and an initial treatment group, or treatment naïve group, consisting of patients who had HBV infection for over 6 months and received no treatment or patients who have stopped NAs therapy for more than 6 months. The serum marker levels of the previously treated group and the initial treatment group, i.e., the previously treatment-naïve patients, were compared, and the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the value of the baseline levels of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBV pregenomic RNA (pgRNA) for predicting the rate of cured cases in the two groups. Results There was no significant difference in the rate of cured cases between the previously treated group and the initial treatment group. The baseline HBV DNA, HBsAg, and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) levels of the cured cases in both groups were significantly lower than those in the uncured cases (P<0.0001). After 48 weeks of treatment, the serum HBsAb levels (mIU/mL) of the cured cases in both the previously treated and initial treatment groups were significantly higher than those of the uncured cases in the two groups (previously treated group: 78.97±22.57 vs. 0.99±0.38, P<0.0001; initial treatment group: 235.50±175.00 vs. 1.32±0.88, P<0.0001). The serum HBsAb levels (mIU/mL) of the cured cases in the initial treatment groups were significantly higher than that of cured cases in the previously treated group (235.50±175.00 vs. 78.97±22.57, P<0.0001). Within 0 to 60 weeks of treatment, HBV pgRNA levels of cured cases in both groups were significantly lower than those of the the uncured cases in both groups (P<0.0001). Multivariate logistic regression and ROC curve analysis showed that baseline serum HBsAg was the influencing factor and predictor of interferon efficacy in both the previously treated cases and the initial treatment cases, with the area under the curve (AUC) being 0.80 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.7423-0.8615, P<0.0001) and 0.74 (95% CI: 0.6283-0.8604, P=0.0079), respectively, and the optimal cut-off values being 244.60 IU/mL and 934.40 IU/mL, respectively. However, the baseline serum HBV pgRNA level of under 1340.00 copies/mL in the initial treatment cases led to better sensitivity and better specificity in efficacy prediction, with the AUC of the baseline HBV pgRNA being 0.9649 (95% CI: 0.9042-1.0000, P<0.0001). Conclusion Among the previously treated cases and the initial treatment cases, patients who achieve clinical cure have lower levels of HBV DNA, HBsAg, and HBeAg at baseline, lower level of HBV pgRNA over the course of their treatment, and higher level of HBsAb at week 48. Baseline HBsAg levels can be used to effectively predict the clinical cure outcomes in previously treated cases and initial treatment cases. Baseline HBV pgRNA levels also exhibit a high predictive value for treatment outcomes in initial treatment cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- 岩 阎
- 无锡市第五人民医院 感染与免疫实验室 (无锡 214016)Laboratory for Infection and Immunity, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Wuxi 214016, China
| | - Chantsalmaa Davgadorj
- 无锡市第五人民医院 感染与免疫实验室 (无锡 214016)Laboratory for Infection and Immunity, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Wuxi 214016, China
| | - 春燕 吕
- 无锡市第五人民医院 感染与免疫实验室 (无锡 214016)Laboratory for Infection and Immunity, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Wuxi 214016, China
| | - 忠华 陆
- 无锡市第五人民医院 感染与免疫实验室 (无锡 214016)Laboratory for Infection and Immunity, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Wuxi 214016, China
| | - 萍 俞
- 无锡市第五人民医院 感染与免疫实验室 (无锡 214016)Laboratory for Infection and Immunity, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Wuxi 214016, China
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Ranawaka R, Dayasiri K, Sandamali E, Gamage M. Management strategies for common viral infections in pediatric renal transplant recipients. World J Transplant 2024; 14:89978. [PMID: 38576764 PMCID: PMC10989477 DOI: 10.5500/wjt.v14.i1.89978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Viral infections have been considered as a major cause of morbidity and mortality after kidney transplantation in pediatric cohort. Children are at high risk of acquiring virus-related complications due to immunological immaturity and the enhanced alloreactivity risk that led to maintenance of high immunosuppressive regimes. Hence, prevention, early detection, and prompt treatment of such infe ctions are of paramount importance. Among all viral infections, herpes viruses (herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus), hepatitis B and C viruses, BK polyomavirus, and respiratory viruses (respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus, influenza virus and adenovirus) are common in kidney transplant recipients. These viruses can cause systemic disease or allograft dysfunction affecting the clinical outcome. Recent advances in tech nology and antiviral therapy have improved management strategies in screening, monitoring, adoption of prophylactic or preemptive therapy and precise trea tment in the immunocompromised host, with significant impact on the outcome. This review discusses the etiology, screening and monitoring, diagnosis, pre vention, and treatment of common viral infections in pediatric renal transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randula Ranawaka
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo and Lady Ridgeway Hospital for Children, Colombo 0094, Sri Lanka
| | - Kavinda Dayasiri
- Department of Paediatrics, Facullty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama 0094, Sri Lanka
| | - Erandima Sandamali
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Ruhuna, Galle 0094, Sri Lanka
| | - Manoji Gamage
- Division of Nutrition, Ministry of Health, Colombo 0094, Sri Lanka
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He X, Ding Q. D-dimer-to-platelet count ratio as a novel indicator for predicting prognosis in HBV-related decompensated cirrhosis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26585. [PMID: 38434313 PMCID: PMC10907634 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatitis B virus-related decompensated cirrhosis (HBV-DC) is a critical illness with a low survival rate. Timely identification of prognostic indicators is crucial for risk stratification and personalized management of patients. The present study aimed to investigate the potential of the D-dimer-to-platelet count ratio (DPR) as a prognostic indicator for HBV-DC. Methods A retrospective review of medical records was conducted for 164 patients diagnosed with HBV-DC. Baseline clinical and laboratory characteristics were extracted for analysis. The endpoint was 30-day mortality. Disease severity was assessed by the Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) score. A multivariate logistic regression model and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis (ROC) were used to evaluate the predictive value of DPR for mortality. Results During the 30-day follow-up period, 30 (18.3%) patients died. Non-survivors exhibited significantly higher DPR values than survivors, and a high DPR had a strong association with increased mortality. Importantly, DPR was identified as an independent risk factor for mortality in HBV-DC patients after adjustments for confounding factors (Odds ratio = 1.017; 95% Confidence interval, 1.006-1.029; p = 0.003). The cut-off value of DPR as a predictor of mortality was>57.6 (sensitivity = 57%, specificity = 86%, p < 0.001). The area under ROC curve for DPR for 30-day mortality was 0.762, comparable to the MELD score (p = 0.100). Furthermore, the combined use of DPR and MELD score further increased the area under the ROC curve to 0.897. Conclusion Elevated DPR was demonstrated to have a correlation with unfavorable outcomes in HBV-DC patients, suggesting its potential utility as an effective biomarker for assessment of prognosis in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - QiuMing Ding
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shengzhou People's Hospital, Shengzhou Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shengzhou, 312400, China
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Li G, Yang D, Liu X, Zhang T, Liu H, Zou J, Xu Z, Chen X, Dai L, Chen H, Lu F. Precore mutation enhances viral replication to facilitate persistent infection especially in HBeAg-negative patients. Virol Sin 2024:S1995-820X(24)00029-4. [PMID: 38492851 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Naturally occurred precore (PC, G1896A) and/or basal core promoter (BCP, A1762T/G1764A) mutations are prevalent in chronic HBV-infected patients, especially those under HBeAg-negative status. However, the replicative capacity of HBV with PC/BCP mutations remains ambiguous. Herein, meta-analysis showed that, only under HBeAg-negative status, the serum HBV DNA load in patients with PC mutation was 7.41-fold higher than those without the mutation. Both PC mutation alone and BCP + PC mutations promoted HBV replication in cell and hydrodynamic injection mouse models. In human hepatocyte chimeric mouse model, BCP + PC mutations led to elevated replicative capacity and intrahepatic core protein accumulation. Mechanistically, preC RNA harboring PC mutation could serve as mRNA to express core and P proteins, and such pgRNA-like function favored the maintenance of cccDNA pool under HBeAg-negative status. Additionally, BCP + PC mutations induced more extensive and severe human hepatocyte damage as well as activated endoplasmic reticulum stress and TNF signaling pathway in livers of chimeric mice. This study indicates that HBeAg-negative patients should be monitored on HBV mutations regularly and are expected to receive early antiviral treatment to prevent disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixin Li
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD Diagnosis, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Danli Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Doylestown, PA, 18901, USA
| | - Jun Zou
- Shenzhen Sanyuansheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Zimeng Xu
- Precision Medicine Center of Zhengzhou University, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lizhong Dai
- Peking University-Sansure Biotech Joint Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Sansure Biotech Co., Ltd, Changsha, 410205, China.
| | - Hongsong Chen
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD Diagnosis, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Fengmin Lu
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD Diagnosis, Beijing, 100044, China; Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Huang F, Guo J, Zhao N, Hou M, Gai X, Yang S, Cai P, Wang Y, Ma Q, Zhao Q, Li L, Yang H, Jing Y, Jin D, Hu Z, Zha X, Wang H, Mao Y, Liu F, Zhang H. PTEN deficiency potentiates HBV-associated liver cancer development through augmented GP73/GOLM1. J Transl Med 2024; 22:254. [PMID: 38459588 PMCID: PMC10924424 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04976-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major risk factor for hepatic cancer, the majority of HBV carriers do not develop this lethal disease. Additional molecular alterations are thus implicated in the process of liver tumorigenesis. Since phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is decreased in approximately half of liver cancers, we investigated the significance of PTEN deficiency in HBV-related hepatocarcinogenesis. METHODS HBV-positive human liver cancer tissues were checked for PTEN expression. Transgenic HBV, Alb-Cre and Ptenfl/fl mice were inter-crossed to generate WT, HBV, Pten-/- and HBV; Pten-/- mice. Immunoblotting, histological analysis and qRT-PCR were used to study these livers. Gp73-/- mice were then mated with HBV; Pten-/- mice to illustrate the role of hepatic tumor biomarker golgi membrane protein 73 (GP73)/ golgi membrane protein 1 (GOLM1) in hepatic oncogenesis. RESULTS Pten deletion and HBV transgene synergistically aggravated liver injury, inflammation, fibrosis and development of mixed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). GP73 was augmented in HBV; Pten-/- livers. Knockout of GP73 blunted the synergistic effect of deficient Pten and transgenic HBV on liver injury, inflammation, fibrosis and cancer development. CONCLUSIONS This mixed HCC-ICC mouse model mimics liver cancer patients harboring HBV infection and PTEN/AKT signaling pathway alteration. Targeting GP73 is a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer patients with HBV infection and PTEN alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuqiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Jing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Na Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing, 100005, China
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Mengjie Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Xiaochen Gai
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Shuhui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Pei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Qian Ma
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Huayu Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Di Jin
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhongdong Hu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojun Zha
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hongyang Wang
- International Co-Operation Laboratory On Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yilei Mao
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fangming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Hongbing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing, 100005, China.
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Ganbold A, Bayarsaikhan S, Chimedtseren M, Noronrenchin O, Ochirkhuree B. Hepatitis D virus reactivation in liver-transplanted patients receiving hepatitis B immunoglobulin. Korean J Transplant 2024:kjt.23.0058. [PMID: 38448049 DOI: 10.4285/kjt.23.0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The utility of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIg) in hepatitis D virus (HDV)-reactivation prophylaxis remains contentious. This study compared liver transplant (LT) patients based on whether they received perioperative HBIg to assess its protective effect against HDV reactivation. Methods Fifty-seven recipients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HBV/HDV, who were at least 1 year posttransplantation as of January 1, 2021, were enrolled in this single-center study. Tests for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-HDV antibody, and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for HBV DNA and HDV RNA were performed. Interviews were conducted to assess compliance with the nucleos(t) ide analogue (NA) regimen and to document preoperative HBV/HDV status. Liver function tests were also carried out. The nonparametric Mann-Whitney U-test was utilized to determine statistical significance, with P<0.05 considered significant. Data analysis was conducted using GraphPad Prism software. Results The prevalence of HDV RNA, HBV DNA, HBsAg, and anti-HDV positivity in the HBIg group (n=23) was 4.3% (n=1), 17.4% (n=4), 8.7% (n=2), and 95.7% (n=22), respectively. In the non-HBIg group (n=34), these rates were 5.9% (n=2), 8.8% (n=3), 11.8% (n=4), and 97.1% (n=33), respectively. Interviews revealed that all reactivations occurred in patients who were noncompliant with their NA regimen. Eleven of the 13 patients initially reported to be monoinfected with HBV pretransplantation were anti-HDV-positive. Conclusions No HDV replication occurred in either group due to spontaneous reactivation. High-efficacy NAs appear to be effective in sustaining HDV suppression post-LT. Most recrudescent cases of chronic hepatitis D are mild and self-limiting, typically resolving after 1-2 years of replication, as evidenced by liver function tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anar Ganbold
- Gastroenterology Center, The First Central Hospital of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Sumiya Bayarsaikhan
- Gastroenterology Center, The First Central Hospital of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | | | | | - Bayarmaa Ochirkhuree
- Gastroenterology Center, The First Central Hospital of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
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Shang CY, Bei LY, Wu JZ, Sheng HR, Yin H, Liang JH, Wang L, Li JY, Li Y, Xu W. NOTCH pathway mutation contributes to inferior prognosis in HBV-infected chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Ann Hematol 2024; 103:833-841. [PMID: 37993586 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05554-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection have a poor prognosis, underlying mechanism remains unclear. NOTCH mutations are frequent in CLL and associated with disease progression and drug resistance. It is also reported to be associated with hepatitis infection in lymphoid malignancies. In order to investigate the relation between the NOTCH pathway and HBV-associated CLL, we studied 98 previously untreated HBV-positive CLL patients and 244 HBV-negative CLL. NOTCH mutations were more frequent in HBV-positive CLL subgroup (p = 0.033). By survival analysis, HBV infection was associated with disease progression and poor survival (p = 0.0099 for overall survival (OS) and p = 0.0446 for time-to-treatment (TTT)). Any lesions of the NOTCH pathway (NOTCH1, NOTCH2, and SPEN) aggravated prognosis. In multivariate analysis, NOTCH mutation retained an independent significance for HBV-infected patients (p = 0.016 for OS and p = 0.023 for TTT). However, HBV positive with NOTCH unmutated had no statistical difference in prognosis compared with HBV-negative patients (p = 0.1706 for OS and p = 0.2387 for TTT), which indicated that NOTCH pathway mutation contributed to inferior prognosis in HBV-infected CLL. In conclusion, a cohort of CLL patients with HBV positive displayed a worse clinical outcome and the status of the NOTCH signaling pathway might play a crucial role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yu Shang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Li-Ye Bei
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jia-Zhu Wu
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Hao-Rui Sheng
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Hua Yin
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jin-Hua Liang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jian-Yong Li
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Key Laboratory of Hematology of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Key Laboratory of Hematology of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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Zhang C, An S, Lv R, Li K, Liu H, Li J, Tang Y, Cai Z, Huang T, Long L, Deng W. The dynamic variation position and predominant quasispecies of hepatitis B virus: Novel predictors of early hepatocarcinoma. Virus Res 2024; 341:199317. [PMID: 38242020 PMCID: PMC10831745 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2024.199317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
To find the predictors of early HCC based on the dynamic changes of HBV quasispecies, this study utilizing the second-generation sequencing (NGS) and high-order multiplex droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) technology to examine the HBV quasispecies in serum of total 247 subjects recruited from high-incidence area of HCC. In the discovery stage, 15 non-synonymous Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) with higher variant proportion in HCC case group were founded (all P<0.05). Furthermore, the variant proportions in some of these SNPs were observed changing regularly within 5 years before the onset of HCC, and 5 of them located in HBX, 2 in HBS and 2 in HBC. The HBV predominant quasispecies and their consensus sequences were identified by genetic evolution analysis, in which the high HBS and HBC quasispecies heterogeneity were found associated with the forming of multifarious quasispecies clones, and the HBX gene had the highest proportion of predominant quasispecies (46.7 % in HBX vs 12.7 % and 13.8 % in HBS and HBC respectively) with the key variations (G1512A, A1630G, T1753C/G/A, A1762T and G1764A) determined. In the validation stage, we confirmed that the combined double mutations of G1512A+A1630G, A1762T+G1764A, and the combined triple mutations of T1753C/G/A + A1762T+G1764A, all expressed higher in early HCC cases when comparing with control group (all P<0.05). We also demonstrated the advantages of ddPCR using in multi-variations detection in large-sample for early HCC surveillance and screening. So we think that the dynamic of key HBV variation positions and their different combinations determined by quasispecies anlysis in this study can act as the novel predictors of early hepatocarcinoma and suitable to popularize and apply in HCC screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaojun Zhang
- Department of experimental research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Sanchun An
- Department of experimental research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ruibo Lv
- Department of experimental research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Kezhi Li
- Department of experimental research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Cancer Molecular Medicine Engineering Research Center, China
| | - Haizhou Liu
- Department of experimental research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Cancer Molecular Medicine Engineering Research Center, China
| | - Jilin Li
- Department of experimental research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Cancer Molecular Medicine Engineering Research Center, China
| | - Yanping Tang
- Department of experimental research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Cancer Molecular Medicine Engineering Research Center, China
| | - Zhengmin Cai
- Department of experimental research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Cancer Molecular Medicine Engineering Research Center, China
| | - Tianren Huang
- Department of experimental research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Cancer Molecular Medicine Engineering Research Center, China.
| | - Long Long
- Big data College of Nanning normal University, Nanning, Guangxi 530100, China.
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of experimental research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Cancer Molecular Medicine Engineering Research Center, China.
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Cho WT, Yoo T, Lee JM, Lee JW, Kim H, Lee JS, Han SH. Hepatitis B Virus DNA-Level Change is Associated With Tumor Recurrence in Patients With Resected Hepatitis B Virus Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Surg Res 2024; 295:231-239. [PMID: 38041902 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To investigate the significance of perioperative hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA changes for predicting recurrence in patients with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing liver resection (LR). METHODS From 2013 to 2020, 241 patients with HBV-related HCC who underwent LR in five Hallym university-affiliated hospitals were enrolled. The serum HBV DNA level, together with other clinicopathological variables, was analyzed for association with HCC recurrence. RESULTS Preoperatively, 99 patients had undetectable HBV DNA and 142 had detectable viral levels. Of those with detectable viral levels, 72 rapidly progressed to undetectable levels within 3 mo after LR (Rapid group), and 70 showed persistently detectable levels (Nonrapid group). The Rapid group had a better recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate than the Nonrapid group (1-y, 3-y RFS = 75.4%, 57.3%, versus 54.7%, 39.9%, respectively, P = 0.012). In the subgroup analysis, the Rapid group had a better RFS rate in early stages (1-y, 3-y RFS = 82.6%, 68.5%, versus 62.8%, 45.8%, respectively, P = 0.005); however, the RFS rates between the two groups were comparable in the advanced stage (1-y, 3-y RFS = 61.1%, 16.7% versus 45.5%, 22.7%, respectively, P = 0.994). Among the 142 patients with preoperatively detectable HBV DNA, persistently detectable HBV DNA within 3 mo postoperatively (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.7, P = 0.022), large tumor size (HR = 2.7, P < 0.001), multiple tumors (HR = 3.2, P < 0.001), and microvascular invasion (HR = 1.7, P = 0.028) were independent risk factors for RFS in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS Rapidly undetectable HBV DNA after LR is associated with a better prognosis for recurrence in patients with HCC. Therefore, appropriate treatment and/or screening may be necessary for patients who do not return to undetectable HBV DNA after LR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Tae Cho
- Department of Surgery, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Yoo
- Department of Surgery, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jung Min Lee
- Department of Surgery, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Woo Lee
- Department of Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanbaro Kim
- Department of Surgery, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Surgery, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Soo Lee
- Department of Surgery, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyup Han
- Department of Surgery, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Liu H, Wang J, Chen W, Jiang L, Mao Q. Hepatitis B virus and cytomegalovirus coinfection in an older patient: a case report. J Int Med Res 2024; 52:3000605241232547. [PMID: 38456651 PMCID: PMC10924564 DOI: 10.1177/03000605241232547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection involving the skin is relatively rare. We herein report a case involving a man in his late 70s with positive hepatitis B surface antigen who presented with multiform skin lesions, including a papuloid rash, papular urticaria, and purpura. The patient had taken no antiviral drugs for nearly 13 years but had recently developed severe liver injury. Laboratory examination revealed positive CMV immunoglobulin M, CMV polymerase chain reaction result of 1.09 × 102 copies/mL, and a slightly decreased CD4+ cell count; however, the CD8+ T-cell count was within the normal range. A skin biopsy was performed in the region of the papular eruption on the left inner thigh, and the pathologic findings were consistent with CMV infection. After admission, the patient began a combination of antiviral therapy for hepatitis B virus and CMV. After 3 weeks of treatment, the patient was discharged with skin lesions, and his liver function recovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Wenting Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Li Jiang, Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China.
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Sirilert S, Khamrin P, Kumthip K, Malasao R, Tongsong T, Maneekarn N. Hepatitis B virus genotypes associated with pregnant women in Northern Thailand. J Infect Public Health 2024; 17:406-411. [PMID: 38262076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the major route of transmission causing persistent infection. The prevalence of HBV infection and HBV genotypes found in different geographical areas varies from country to country. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the HBV genotypes in HBV-infected pregnant women in Northern Thailand. METHODS Stored blood samples that were collected from 145 HBsAg-positive pregnant women who gave birth at Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand from 2017 to 2020 were analyzed. The partial nucleotide sequence of the S gene of HBV was amplified by nested PCR and sequenced. All sequences were analyzed phylogenetically together with the reference strains to define the HBV genotypes. RESULTS A total of 31 blood samples from 145 HBsAg-positive pregnant women were positive for HBV by nested PCR. The detected HBV strains were identified as presumptive subgenotypes C1 (77.4%; 24/31), B9 (9.7%; 3/31), C2 (3.2%; 1/31), B2 (3.2%; 1/31), B4 (3.2%; 1/31), and presumptive B4/C2 recombinant subgenotype (3.2%; 1/31). CONCLUSIONS The findings revealed that presumptive subgenotype C1 was the most common subgenotype circulating in pregnant women in Northern Thailand and accounted for 77.4% of cases, followed by presumptive subgenotypes B9, C2, B2, and B4. Furthermore, this study reported, for the first time in Thailand, the HBV genotypes and presumptive subgenotypes, particularly subgenotype B9 circulating in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirinart Sirilert
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pattara Khamrin
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, and Emerging and Re-emerging Diarrheal Viruses Cluster, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kattareeya Kumthip
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, and Emerging and Re-emerging Diarrheal Viruses Cluster, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Rungnapa Malasao
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Theera Tongsong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Niwat Maneekarn
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, and Emerging and Re-emerging Diarrheal Viruses Cluster, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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Giannakopoulou E, Pardali V, Edwards TC, Woodson M, Tajwar R, Tavis JE, Zoidis G. Identification and assessment of the 1,6-dihydroxy-pyridin-2-one moiety as privileged scaffold for HBV ribonuclease H inhibition. Antiviral Res 2024; 223:105833. [PMID: 38325606 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) ribonuclease H (RNase H) although promising remains an unexploited therapeutic target. HBV RNase H inhibition causes premature termination of viral minus-polarity DNA strands, prevents the synthesis of the viral positive-polarity DNA strand, and causes accumulation of RNA:DNA heteroduplexes within viral capsids. As part of our ongoing research to develop more potent anti-HBV RNase H inhibitors, we designed, synthesized and analyzed a library of 18 novel compounds (17 N-hydroyxpyridinedione (HPD) imine derivatives and 1 barbituric acid analogue) as potential leads for HBV treatment development. In cell assays, fourteen HPDs showed significant anti-HBV activity with EC50s from 1.1 to 2.5 μM and selectivity indices (SI) of up to 58. Three of them exhibited more than 3-fold improvement in the SI over the best previous HPD imine (SI = 13). To gain insight to the interaction between the tested compounds and the active site of HBV RNase H, docking experiments were undertaken. In almost all binding poses, the novel HPDs coordinated both active site Mg2+ ions via their oxygen trident. Furthermore, the novel HPDs displayed high cell permeability and solubility as well as good drug-like properties. These results reveal that HPD imines can be significantly active and selective HBV inhibitors, and that the HPD scaffold merits further development towards anti-HBV agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erofili Giannakopoulou
- School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Pardali
- School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Tiffany C Edwards
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, United States
| | - Molly Woodson
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, United States
| | - Razia Tajwar
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, United States
| | - John E Tavis
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, United States
| | - Grigoris Zoidis
- School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece.
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Kim HN, Cheong HS, Kim B, Sohn W, Cho YK, Kwon MJ, Kim J, Song Y, Joo EJ. Human gut microbiota from hepatitis B virus-infected individuals is associated with reduced triglyceride level in mice: faecal transplantation study. Microbes Infect 2024; 26:105281. [PMID: 38128750 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2023.105281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is associated with a reduced risk of dyslipidaemia. Using a human faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), we compared changes in gut microbiota and lipid profiles in mice transplanted with human faeces from HBV-infected and non-infected individuals. APPROACH AND RESULTS A total of 19 mice received human FMT from four HBV-infected individuals and were categorised into the HBV-positive mice group, while 20 mice received FMT from four HBV-non-infected individuals into the HBV-negative one. In the analysis of gut microbiota in FMT mice, we observed a robust increase in alpha diversity and abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila in HBV-positive mice, compared to that in HBV-negative. Functional inference analysis revealed that the pathways involved in glycerolipid metabolism were more enriched in HBV-positive mice. At 5 weeks of FMT, the reduced triglyceride (TG) level was predominantly observed in HBV-positive mice. CONCLUSIONS Altered gut microbiota accompanied by HBV infection was associated with a robust increase in alpha diversity and butyrate producers, which resulted in a reduced level of TG at 5 weeks post-FMT. This indicates that the reduced risk of dyslipidaemia in chronic HBV infection may be due to the altered gut microbiota accompanied by HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Na Kim
- Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, 115 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06355, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Statistics Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Suk Cheong
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Bomi Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Sohn
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Kyun Cho
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jung Kwon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhee Kim
- Medical Research Institute, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmi Song
- Medical Research Institute, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun-Jeong Joo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea.
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Damodaran A, Zachariah SM, Nair SC. Novel therapeutic approaches for the management of hepatitis infections. Ther Deliv 2024; 15:211-232. [PMID: 38410933 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2023-0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) & hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a substantial reason for morbidity and mortality around the world. Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection is connected with an enhanced risk of liver cirrhosis, liver decompensation and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Conventional therapy do face certain challenges, for example, poor tolerability and the growth of active resistance. Thus, novel treatment procedures are essential to accomplish the initiation of strong and stable antiviral immune reactions of the individuals. This review explores the current nanotechnology-based carriers for drug and vaccine delivery to treat HBV and HCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aswin Damodaran
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India
| | - Subin Mary Zachariah
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India
| | - Sreeja Chandrasekharan Nair
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India
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