1
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Lew-Derivry L, Chevillon F, Brice P, Bigenwald C, Landman-Parker J, Leblanc T, Boissel N, Cabannes-Hamy A. Should adolescents and young adults with Hodgkin lymphoma be treated as children or adults? Br J Haematol 2025; 206:907-918. [PMID: 39756437 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2024] [Accepted: 12/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2025]
Abstract
Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is one of the most common cancers in adolescents and young adults (AYA). Paediatric and adult therapeutic strategies diverge while sharing the common objective: maintaining optimal efficacy with less long-term toxicity. However, few studies have compared the outcome of AYA treated according to one or the other approaches. Among the 148 patients aged 15-25 years, treated at Saint-Louis Hospital for newly diagnosed HL between 2012 and 2018, 71 were treated according to an adult protocol and 77 were treated according to a paediatric one. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were, respectively, 100% and 85%, with no significant difference between treatment groups (85% in paediatric vs. 86% in adult, p = 0.7). Overall, the 5-year PFS was 100% for early favourable stages and 78% for advanced stages. A higher risk of short-term steroid and vincristine-related toxicities was observed in paediatric regimen, whereas a higher risk of late toxicities was expected in adult regimen, due to higher anthracyclines, procarbazine, bleomycin and radiotherapy exposure. These results confirm the excellent outcome of AYA patients with HL, whatever the treatment strategies. They justify a tailor-made therapeutic decision and highlight the importance of managing AYA patients in dedicated units with trained professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucille Lew-Derivry
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Department, Sorbonne University APHP, A.Trousseau Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Florian Chevillon
- Adolescent and Young Adults Hematology Department, St Louis Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Pauline Brice
- Hemato-Oncology Department, St Louis Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | - Judith Landman-Parker
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Department, Sorbonne University APHP, A.Trousseau Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Leblanc
- Pediatric Hematology and Immunology Department, Robert-Debré Hospital and Université Paris-Cité Paris, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Boissel
- Adolescent and Young Adults Hematology Department, St Louis Hospital, Paris, France
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2
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Rossi C, Manson G, Marouf A, Cabannes-Hamy A, Nicolas-Virelizier E, Maerevoet M, Alcantara M, Molina L, Ceraulo A, Poirée M, Galtier J, Diop N, Delette C, Segot A, Dubois S, Waultier A, Bernard S, Noël R, Guidez S, Kohn M, Bailly S, Moatti H, Touati M, Renaud L, Kanoun S, Cottereau AS, Kirova Y, Peignaux K, Dourthe ME, Simonin M, Leblanc T, Quéro L, Krzisch D, Duléry R, Grenier A, Gastinne T, Casasnovas O, Gallamini A, André M, Morschhauser F, Deau B, Fornecker LM, Ghesquières H. Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: The LYSA pragmatic guidelines. Eur J Cancer 2024; 213:115073. [PMID: 39509848 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2024.115073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 10/10/2024] [Accepted: 10/15/2024] [Indexed: 11/15/2024]
Abstract
Classic Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a distinct entity among hematological malignancies of B-cell origin. It is characterized by its unique histopathological features and generally favorable prognosis. Over the years, advancements in understanding its pathogenesis, coupled with refined diagnostic and evaluation modalities, as well as therapeutic strategies, have significantly transformed the landscape of HL management. In this article, we present a comprehensive set of recommendations for the management of HL, encompassing various aspects of diagnosis, risk stratification, evaluation, and treatment. These recommendations are based on the latest evidence-based guidelines, expert consensus opinions, and clinical trial data, aiming to provide clinicians with a practical framework for delivering optimal care to patients with HL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Rossi
- Department of Hematology, Dijon Bourgogne University Hospital and INSERM UMR 1231, Dijon, France.
| | - Guillaume Manson
- Department of Hematology, university hospital of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Amira Marouf
- Department of Hematology, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; INSERM UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France; Université de Paris, France, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Marie Maerevoet
- Institut Jules Bordet, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Marion Alcantara
- CellAction, Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institut Curie, Suresnes, France and Clinical Hematology Unit, Institut Curie, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Lysiane Molina
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Antony Ceraulo
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique (IHOPe), and University Lyon I, Lyon, France
| | - Marilyne Poirée
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University Hospital Nice, Nice, France
| | - Jean Galtier
- Department of Hematology-Transplantation, Hôpital de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nadia Diop
- Department of Hematology and cell therapy, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Caroline Delette
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | - Amandine Segot
- Department and Central Laboratory of Hematology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sydney Dubois
- Department of Hematology, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France
| | | | - Sophie Bernard
- Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier de la Côte Basque, Bayonne, France
| | - Robin Noël
- Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | | | - Milena Kohn
- Department of Hematology, CH de Versailles, Le Chesnay, France
| | - Sébastien Bailly
- Department of Hematology and cell therapy, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Hannah Moatti
- Department of Hematology, APHP, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Mohamed Touati
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Cellular Therapy, CHU Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Loïc Renaud
- Department of Hematology, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Salim Kanoun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne-Ségolène Cottereau
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Youlia Kirova
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institut Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Karine Peignaux
- Department of Radiotherapy, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, 21079 Dijon, France
| | | | - Mathieu Simonin
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Armand Trousseau Hospital, APHP, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Leblanc
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Hematology and CRMR aplasies médullaires, Robert Debré Hospital, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire, AP-HP-Paris Nord, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Quéro
- INSERM U1160, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Department of Radiation Oncology, AP-HP Nord, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Daphné Krzisch
- Department of Hematology, APHP, Hospital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - Remy Duléry
- Sorbonne University, Department of Clinical Hematology and Cellular Therapy, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP, INSERM UMRs 938, Paris, France
| | - Adrien Grenier
- Sorbonne University, Department of Clinical Hematology Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Gastinne
- Department of Hematology, Centre hospitalo-Universitaire, Nantes, France
| | - Olivier Casasnovas
- Department of Hematology, Dijon Bourgogne University Hospital and INSERM UMR 1231, Dijon, France
| | - Andrea Gallamini
- Research and Clinical Innovation Department, Antoine Lacassagne Cancer Center, Nice, France
| | - Marc André
- Department of Hematology, CHU UCL Namur, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Franck Morschhauser
- Université de Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, ULR 7365 - GRITA - Groupe de Recherche sur les Formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, Lille, France
| | - Bénédicte Deau
- Department of Hematology, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; INSERM UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France; Université de Paris, France, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Luc-Mathieu Fornecker
- Department of Hematology, Institut de Cancérologie Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Hervé Ghesquières
- Department of Hematology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, CHU Lyon-Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France
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3
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Simba K, Mohamed Z, Opie JJ, Andera LF, Brown K, Oosthuizen J, Antel K, Dawood T, der Vyfer LV, Toit CD, Louw VJ, Verburgh E. The International Prognostic Score and HIV status predict red cell concentrate transfusion needs in Hodgkin lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2023; 64:613-620. [PMID: 36562564 PMCID: PMC10200008 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2022.2157214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite the burden of anemia among Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) patients, data evaluating red cell concentrate transfusion are limited. We retrospectively studied 285 newly diagnosed HL patients who received first-line adriamycin, bleomycin sulfate, vinblastine sulfate, and dacarbazine (ABVD) treatment at Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town. HIV prevalence in the cohort was 39.5% and 74.2% of patients had advanced stage HL. Patient prognosis was scored using the HL International Prognostic Score (IPS-7) and HL IPS-3. Seventy (24.6%) patients were transfused with a median of 2 (IQR 1-5) units per patient. Compared to HIV-negative patients, more HIV-positive patients were transfused (14.1% vs. 40.4%, p < .001) and received more units, median 2 (IQR 1-3) vs. 3 (IQR 2-5), p = .035. HL IPS-7 (OR 2.1, p < .001) and HL IPS-3 (OR 2.6, p < .001) were independently associated with transfusion. HL IPS-7, HL IPS-3, and HIV positivity remained associated with transfusion after adjusting for covariates. For patients with newly diagnosed HL, HL IPS-7, HL IPS-3, and HIV status predicted transfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kudakwashe Simba
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Haematology, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Zainab Mohamed
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jessica J. Opie
- Department of Pathology, Division of Haematology, National Health Laboratory Service, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lillian F. Andera
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Haematology, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Karryn Brown
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Haematology, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jenna Oosthuizen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Haematology, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Katherine Antel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Haematology, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tareen Dawood
- Department of Human Biology, Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cape Town, Cape Town South Africa
| | - Lydia Van der Vyfer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Haematology, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Cecile Du Toit
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Haematology, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Vernon J. Louw
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Haematology, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Estelle Verburgh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Haematology, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
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4
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Follows GA, Barrington SF, Bhuller KS, Culligan DJ, Cutter DJ, Gallop-Evans E, Kassam S, Osborne W, Sadullah S, Townsend W, Uttenthal BJ, Collins GP. Guideline for the first-line management of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma - A British Society for Haematology guideline. Br J Haematol 2022; 197:558-572. [PMID: 35191541 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This guideline was compiled according to the British Society for Haematology (BSH) process at https://b-s-h.org.uk/media/16732/bsh-guidance-development-process-dec-5-18.pdf. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) nomenclature was used to evaluate levels of evidence and to assess the strength of recommendations. The GRADE criteria can be found at http://www.gradeworkinggroup.org. Recommendations are based on a review of the literature using Medline, PubMed/Medline and Cochrane searches beginning from 2013 up to January 2021. The following search terms were used: [Hodgkin lymphoma OR Hodgkin disease] NOT non-Hodgkin; AND [chemotherapy OR radiotherapy]; AND [elderly]; AND [teenage OR adolescent OR young adult]; AND [pregnancy]. Filters were applied to include only publications written in English, studies carried out in humans, clinical conferences, congresses, clinical trials, clinical studies, meta-analyses, multicentre studies and randomised controlled trials. References pre-2013 were taken from the previous version of this guideline.1 Review of the manuscript was performed by the British Society for Haematology (BSH) Guidelines Committee Haematology Oncology Taskforce, the BSH Guidelines Committee and the Haematology Oncology sounding board of BSH.
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Affiliation(s)
- George A Follows
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge University Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sally F Barrington
- King's College London and Guy's and St Thomas' PET Centre, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College, London, UK
| | - Kaljit S Bhuller
- Paediatric, Teenage & Young Adult (TYA) Haematology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | | | - David J Cutter
- Department of Oncology, Oxford Cancer and Haematology Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Shireen Kassam
- Department of Haematology, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Wendy Osborne
- Department of Haematology, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle, UK
| | - Shalal Sadullah
- Department of Haematology, James Paget University Hospital, Great Yarmouth, UK
| | - William Townsend
- Department of Haematology, University College Hospital London Hospitals NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Benjamin J Uttenthal
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge University Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Graham P Collins
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Oxford Cancer and Haematology Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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5
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Mauz-Körholz C. Adolescents with Hodgkin lymphoma: a great treatment challenge. Lancet Haematol 2022; 9:e5-e6. [DOI: 10.1016/s2352-3026(21)00372-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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6
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Multidisciplinary Management of Adolescent and Young Adult Patients with Hodgkin Lymphoma. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2021; 22:64. [PMID: 34097142 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-021-00861-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Successful management of adolescent and young adult patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) requires a multidisciplinary approach to care with special attention paid to the unique medical, logistical, and psychosocial challenges faced by this group. The emotional and social changes and big life transitions that occur between the ages of 15 and 39 result in a broad scope of supportive care needs that differ from children or adults in similar circumstances. Currently, care of adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients with HL may be fractured across the pediatric-adult cancer care continuum resulting in this group being less well studied than pediatric or adult patients in general. In order to optimize outcomes, these patients need access to medical oncologists and radiation oncologists, advanced practice providers (APPs), psychologists/social work, financial support services, fertility specialists, survivorship care, and advocates with AYA expertise that can help navigate the healthcare system. A strong AYA support system established early with targeted education and resources may influence treatment compliance and likelihood of long-term follow-up. Surveys of the AYA cancer population have identified areas of opportunity for the healthcare team to collaborate to identify needs, design interventions to meet them, and ultimately develop evidence-based guidelines that will enable us to offer AYAs with HL the quality care they deserve.
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Nayak L, Jain H, Bonda A, Epari S, Laskar S, Gokarn A, Shet T, Gujral S, Khanna N, Bagal B, Punatar S, Goda J, Thorat J, Rengaraj K, Sengar M. Hodgkin Lymphoma in Adolescent and Young Adults: Real-World Data from a Single Tertiary Cancer Center in India. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol 2020; 10:581-587. [PMID: 33090916 DOI: 10.1089/jayao.2020.0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: There is lack of consensus on management of adolescent and young adult (AYA) Hodgkin lymphoma with respect to chemotherapy approach (adult or pediatric). Hence we sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Adriamycin, Bleomycin, Vinblastine and Dacarbazine (ABVD) chemotherapy in AYA Hodgkin lymphoma. Patients and Methods: It is a retrospective, observational, single-center study. From January 2013 to December 2016, all consecutive patients with AYA (15-25 years, all stages) were analyzed. The primary endpoint of the study was event-free survival (EFS). Secondary endpoints were complete response rates (CR) and overall survival (OS). Results: A total of 220 patients (70% men) with median age 20 years were evaluated. A significant proportion of patients had adverse features such as stage III/IV disease (63%), bulky disease (63%), extranodal involvement (37%), and marrow involvement (22%). After two cycles and end of therapy, 77% patients achieved complete response. Primary progressive disease was seen in 6% patients. With a median follow-up of 2.6 years, 19 (8.6%) patients relapsed, 1 patient developed second malignancy, and 6 patients died. Three-year EFS and OS were 81.3% and 97%, respectively. Bleomycin-induced lung injury was seen in 16% patients. On multivariate analysis stage at presentation, bone marrow involvement, partial response at interim positron emission tomography and International prognosis score (IPS) >3 were predictors of poor EFS. Conclusion: ABVD is an effective and safe regimen in AYA Hodgkin lymphoma. Advanced disease with high IPS (>3) score needs an early escalation approach to escBEACOPP regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingaraj Nayak
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Hasmukh Jain
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Avinash Bonda
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Sridhar Epari
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Siddhartha Laskar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Anant Gokarn
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Tanuja Shet
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Sumeet Gujral
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Nehal Khanna
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Bhausaheb Bagal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Sachin Punatar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Jayant Goda
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Jayashree Thorat
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Karthik Rengaraj
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Manju Sengar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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8
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Comparison of Hodgkin's Lymphoma in Children and Adolescents. A Twenty Year Experience with MH'96 and LH2004 AIEOP (Italian Association of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology) Protocols. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061620. [PMID: 32570974 PMCID: PMC7352443 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) represent a distinct group of patients. The objectives of this study were: To compare adolescent prognosis to that of younger children; to compare the results achieved with the two consecutive protocols in both age groups; to analyze clinical characteristics of children and adolescents. Between 1996 and 2017, 1759 patients aged <18 years were evaluable for the study. Five hundred and sixty patients were treated with the MH’96 protocol and 1199 with the LH2004 protocol. Four hundred and eighty-two were adolescents aged ≥15 years. Patients in both age groups showed very favorable prognoses. In particular, OS improved with the LH2004 protocol, especially in the adolescent group and in the low risk group, where radiation therapy was spared. Adolescent characteristics differed significantly from the children’s according to sex, histology, and the presence of symptoms. Remarkable is the decrease both in mixed cellularity in the children and in low stages in both age groups in the LH2004 protocol with respect to MH’96 protocol. Based on our experience, adopting pediatric protocols for AYA does not compromise patient outcomes.
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9
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Gupta S, Baxter NN, Hodgson D, Punnett A, Sutradhar R, Pole JD, Nagamuthu C, Lau C, Nathan PC. Treatment patterns and outcomes in adolescents and young adults with Hodgkin lymphoma in pediatric versus adult centers: An IMPACT Cohort Study. Cancer Med 2020; 9:6933-6945. [PMID: 32441450 PMCID: PMC7541154 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a common adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer. While outcome disparities between pediatric vs. adult centers [locus of care (LOC)] have been demonstrated in other AYA cancers such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia, they have not been well studied in HL. We therefore compared population‐based treatment patterns and outcomes in AYA HL by LOC. The IMPACT Cohort includes data on all Ontario, Canada AYA (15‐21 years) diagnosed with HL between 1992 and 2012. Linkage to population‐based health administrative data identified late effects. We examined LOC‐based differences in treatment modalities, cumulative doses, event‐free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS), and late effects. Among 954 AYA, 711 (74.5%) received therapy at adult centers. Pediatric center AYA experienced higher rates of radiation therapy but lower cumulative doses of doxorubicin and bleomycin. 10‐year EFS did not differ between pediatric vs. adult cancer vs. community centers (83.8% ± 2.4% vs. 82.8% ± 1.6% vs. 82.7%±3.0%; P = .71); LOC was not significantly associated with either EFS or OS in multivariable analyses. Higher incidences of second malignancies in pediatric center AYA and of cardiovascular events in adult center AYA were observed, but were not significant. In conclusion, while pediatric and adult centers used different treatment strategies, outcomes were equivalent. Differences in treatment exposures are however likely to result in different late‐effect risks. Protocol choice should be guided by individual late‐effect risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Gupta
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Cancer Research Program, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute for Health Policy, Evaluation and Management, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nancy N Baxter
- Cancer Research Program, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute for Health Policy, Evaluation and Management, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David Hodgson
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute for Health Policy, Evaluation and Management, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Angela Punnett
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute for Health Policy, Evaluation and Management, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rinku Sutradhar
- Cancer Research Program, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute for Health Policy, Evaluation and Management, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jason D Pole
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Center for Health Services, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Chenthila Nagamuthu
- Cancer Research Program, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cindy Lau
- Cancer Research Program, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paul C Nathan
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Cancer Research Program, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute for Health Policy, Evaluation and Management, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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10
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Zawati I, Adouni O, Finetti P, Manai M, Manai M, Gamoudi A, Birnbaum D, Bertucci F, Mezlini A. Adolescents and young adults with classical Hodgkin lymphoma in northern Tunisia: insights from an adult single-institutional study. Cancer Radiother 2020; 24:206-214. [PMID: 32171674 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to extensively describe the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic outcomes of adolescents and young adults (AYA) population with classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (cHL). Then, a comparison between AYAs and adults and between the subgroups of AYAs treated with the same adult protocol was accomplished to further inform on optimal therapy approach of choice for adolescent patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this mono-centric, retrospective study, we reviewed the medical records. We analyzed 112 consecutive North Tunisian patients, including 66 AYAs (15 to 39 years) and 46 adults (≥40years) affected by cHL treated from 2000 to 2015 at Salah Azaiez Institute. Then, we performed a comparative analysis between AYA and 46 adult patients and a subgroup analysis between adolescents and young adults. All patients were treated according to the national protocol for HL, edited by the Tunisian Society of Hematology. The treatment included chemotherapy and involved-field radiotherapy (RT) at a dose of 20 or 30 Grays (Gy) for responders and 36Gy for non-responders. RESULTS AYA patients presented with adverse features with nodular sclerosis subtype (p=3.88×10-02) and mediastinal mass involvement (p=9.40×10-04). At a median follow-up of 51 and 32 months for AYAs and adults, respectively, no statistical difference in terms of 3 and 5-years overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) was shown. Using the Kaplan-Meier method, in AYAs, the ABVD regimen has an impact on 3-years EFS (p=4.63×10-02). The 36Gy RT was associated with the best 3-years EFS (p=9.24×10-03). Besides, AYA patients with advanced-stage had the worst 3-years OS (76%) (p=2.41×10-02). Although the adolescents and young adults shared similar clinical presentation, we noted that the adolescent group had the worst 3-years EFS (48%), but the best 3-years OS (91%). We identified 15% of primary refractory patients and a rate of toxicity of 5.3% in AYA. CONCLUSION The treatment approach used is well tolerated by adult patients. However, the AYA patients and particularly adolescent subgroup had more advanced disease at diagnosis and should be treated more intensively in dedicated units. RT dose<36Gy and ABVD chemotherapy were associated with lower EFS in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Zawati
- Department of Immunohistocytology, Salah Azaiez Institute, 1006 Tunis, Tunisia; Department of Biology, Mycology, Pathologies and Biomarkers Laboratory (LR16ES05), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092 Ariana, Tunisia.
| | - O Adouni
- Department of Immunohistocytology, Salah Azaiez Institute, 1006 Tunis, Tunisia; Department of Biology, Mycology, Pathologies and Biomarkers Laboratory (LR16ES05), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092 Ariana, Tunisia
| | - P Finetti
- Predictive Oncology Laboratory, Cancer Research Center of Marseille, Aix Marseille University, 13009 Marseille, Tunisia
| | - Ma Manai
- Department of Immunohistocytology, Salah Azaiez Institute, 1006 Tunis, Tunisia; Predictive Oncology Laboratory, Cancer Research Center of Marseille, Aix Marseille University, 13009 Marseille, Tunisia; Human Genetics Laboratory (LR99ES10), Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis, El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - M Manai
- Department of Biology, Mycology, Pathologies and Biomarkers Laboratory (LR16ES05), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092 Ariana, Tunisia
| | - A Gamoudi
- Department of Immunohistocytology, Salah Azaiez Institute, 1006 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - D Birnbaum
- Predictive Oncology Laboratory, Cancer Research Center of Marseille, Aix Marseille University, 13009 Marseille, Tunisia
| | - F Bertucci
- Predictive Oncology Laboratory, Cancer Research Center of Marseille, Aix Marseille University, 13009 Marseille, Tunisia; Department of Medical Oncology, Paoli-Calmettes Institute, 13009 Marseille, France; Training and Research Unit of Medicine, Aix Marseille University, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - A Mezlini
- Department of Medical Oncology, Salah Azaiez Institute, 1006 Tunis, Tunisia
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11
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Nathan PC, Bremner KE, Liu N, Gupta S, Greenberg ML, McBride ML, Krahn MD, de Oliveira C. Resource Utilization and Costs in Adolescents Treated for Cancer in Pediatric vs Adult Institutions. J Natl Cancer Inst 2019; 111:322-330. [PMID: 30053118 PMCID: PMC6410950 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djy119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents with cancer can receive care in pediatric or adult institutions. Survival often differs by locus, but little is known about relative health care utilization and costs. We estimated these in a population-based cohort of adolescents. METHODS All Ontario adolescents (15.0-17.9 years) diagnosed with cancer between 1995 and 2010 were identified from provincial cancer registries. We compared health care resource utilization (hospitalizations, emergency department visits, same-day surgeries, outpatient chemotherapy, radiation, diagnostic/laboratory tests, physician services, home care) and costs (2012 Canadian dollars) during four discrete care phases-prediagnosis (60 days), initial (360 days), continuing (variable), and terminal (360 days)-between adolescents treated in pediatric vs adult institutions, for the whole cohort and within seven diagnostic categories. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS Of 1356 eligible adolescents, 691 and 665 were treated in adult and pediatric institutions, respectively. Hospitalization rates were higher in pediatric institutions during prediagnosis (14.9% vs 6.9%, P < .001), initial (95.1% vs 73.3%, P < .001), and continuing phases (43.2% vs 34.4%, P = .002), but similar (96.1% vs 96.3%, P = .93) during the terminal phase. Average length of stay was higher at pediatric institutions within most diagnoses and phases. For all diagnoses, median initial phase costs were higher in pediatric than adult institutions (eg, leukemia: $153 926 vs $102 418 per 360 days, P < .001; lymphoma: $65 025 vs $19 846, P < .001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The costs of caring for adolescents with the same malignancy are considerably higher in pediatric than adult institutions during most phases. Resource utilization, particularly hospitalization, drives much of the cost difference, making these data applicable to other jurisdictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul C Nathan
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Karen E Bremner
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ning Liu
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sumit Gupta
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mark L Greenberg
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mary L McBride
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Murray D Krahn
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto Health Economics and Technology Assessment Collaborative, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Claire de Oliveira
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
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12
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Metzger ML, Mauz-Körholz C. Epidemiology, outcome, targeted agents and immunotherapy in adolescent and young adult non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2019; 185:1142-1157. [PMID: 30729493 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The epidemiology, outcome and targeted immunotherapy in adolescent and young adult non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin lymphoma were discussed during the 6th International Symposium on Childhood, Adolescent and Young Adult Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma September 26th-29th 2018 in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. This review summarizes some of those presentations, as well as other current and novel antibody therapy, immune check-point inhibitors, chimeric antigen receptor T cells, cancer vaccines and cytotoxic T lymphocyte therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika L Metzger
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Christine Mauz-Körholz
- Pädiatrische Hämatologie und Onkologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen and Medical Faculty of the Martin-Luther University of Halle, Germany
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Abstract
Lymphomas in adolescents and young adults represent approximately one quarter of all cancers in this age group. Historically, adolescent and young adult cancer patients represent a unique population with diverging issues surrounding psychosocial hardships/barriers, economics, and lack of standardization of therapeutic approaches.Furthermore, the biologic differences within the adolescent and young adult population seen in various lymphoma subtypes likely play a role in overall outcomes for this group. Without an organized approach to clinical and translational research for adolescent and young adult patients within specialized treatment centers, this population may continue to experience inferior results. Here we look at the current perspectives of adolescent and young adult lymphomas with respect to disease biology, clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of this unique lymphoma population.
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Abstract
Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) commonly occurs in adolescents and young adults (AYA), defined by the National Cancer Institute as people diagnosed with cancer between the ages of 15 and 39 years. Despite therapeutic advances, the AYA population has derived less incremental benefit compared to both paediatric and adult counterparts. Although the exact aetiology is unclear, contributing factors probably include differences in disease biology, delayed diagnosis, decreased participation in clinical trials and treatment adherence secondary to complex social factors. As such, while HL remains highly curable, there is not a clear consensus regarding the management of patients within this age range, specifically whether paediatric or adult regimens are preferred or how best to incorporate emerging therapeutic advancements. Ongoing clinical trials, as well as continued collaborative efforts are required to address the needs of this population, investigate the potential for unique biological factors and allow for optimization of treatment. Here we review current prognostic and treatment strategies for paediatric and adult patients with HL and highlight complexities around the management of this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Crombie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ann S LaCasce
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
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15
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Flerlage JE, Metzger ML, Bhakta N. The management of Hodgkin lymphoma in adolescents and young adults: burden of disease or burden of choice? Blood 2018; 132:376-384. [PMID: 29895665 PMCID: PMC6071556 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-01-778548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) comprise the largest age group affected by Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Despite excellent overall survival of AYA patients with HL due to advances in treatment regimens, therapy-associated late effects continue to be a concern in HL survivors, especially for younger patients who have decades of life remaining. Since the first clinical trial for HL with chemotherapy in 1964, subsequent protocols have attempted to reduce chemotherapy-induced toxicities and yet maintain high overall survival rates. Today, new analytic methods applied to data from survivorship cohorts, such as the recently described cumulative burden of disease metric, can be used to inform changes for future protocols. Although pediatric and adult trial consortia have followed this process, the AYA population, an age cohort split between pediatric and adult health care services, faces many barriers to care and is the least likely to be enrolled in clinical trials. AYA patients with HL theoretically have a choice to be treated in pediatric or adult protocols when presented with these options. Recent efforts by the National Clinical Trials Network, the Children's Oncology Group, and others have been made to ensure that the burden of choice for the AYA population is not greater than the burden of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie E Flerlage
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
- The University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN; and
| | - Monika L Metzger
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
- The University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN; and
- Department of Global Pediatric Medicine, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Nickhill Bhakta
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
- The University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN; and
- Department of Global Pediatric Medicine, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
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16
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Kahn JM, Kelly KM. Adolescent and young adult Hodgkin lymphoma: Raising the bar through collaborative science and multidisciplinary care. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2018; 65:e27033. [PMID: 29603618 PMCID: PMC5980713 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.27033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is one of the most common cancers in the adolescent and young adult (AYA) population (15-39 years). Despite continued improvements in HL outcomes, AYAs have not exhibited survival gains to the same extent as other age groups. At present, details about tumor biology, optimal therapeutic approaches, supportive care needs, and long-term toxicities in AYAs with HL remain understudied. Herein, we summarize the current state of the AYA population with HL, specifically focusing on how collaborations across the pediatric and medical oncology divide, coupled with multidisciplinary patient care, can further optimize outcomes for this group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine M. Kahn
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Stem Cell Transplantation, Columbia University, Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kara M. Kelly
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA
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17
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Englund A, Glimelius I, Rostgaard K, Smedby KE, Eloranta S, Molin D, Kuusk T, Brown PDN, Kamper P, Hjalgrim H, Ljungman G, Hjalgrim LL. Hodgkin lymphoma in children, adolescents and young adults - a comparative study of clinical presentation and treatment outcome. Acta Oncol 2018; 57:276-282. [PMID: 28760045 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2017.1355563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) treatment protocols for children, adolescents and young adults traditionally differ, but the biological and clinical justification for this remains uncertain. MATERIAL AND METHODS We compared age-dependent clinical presentation and treatment and outcome for 1072 classical HL patients 0-24 years diagnosed in Denmark (1990-2010) and Sweden (1992-2009) in pediatric (n = 315, Denmark <15 years, Sweden <18 years) or adult departments (n = 757). Distribution of clinical characteristics was assessed with Pearson's chi2-test and Mantel-Haenszel trend test. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analyses. Hazard ratios (HR) were used to compare the different treatment groups and calculated using Cox regression. RESULTS Children (0-9 years) less often presented with advanced disease than adolescents (10-17 years) and young adults (18-24 years) (stage IIB-IV: children 32% vs. adolescents 50%, and adults 55%; p < .005). No variation in overall survival (OS) was seen between pediatric and adult departments or by country. Danish pediatric patients received radiotherapy (36%) less frequently than Swedish pediatric patients (71%) (p < .0001). Ten-year event-free survival (EFS) was lower among Danish pediatric patients (0-14 years) (0.79; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.70-0.86) than among Swedish pediatric patients (0-17 years) (0.88; 95% CI 0.83-0.92), HR (1.93; 95% CI 1.08-3.46). A similar pattern was seen between adult patients in the two countries: Denmark 10-year EFS 0.85 (95% CI 0.81-0.88), Sweden 0.88 (95% CI 0.84-0.91), adjusted HR 1.51 (95% CI 1.03-2.22). CONCLUSION Adolescents and young adults shared similar clinical presentation suggesting a rationale of harmonized treatment for these groups. Both adult and pediatric protocols provided high OS with no significant difference between the departments. The less frequent use of radiotherapy in Danish pediatric patients corresponded to a lower EFS, but comparable OS in all groups confirmed effective rescue strategies for the relapsing patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Englund
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Glimelius
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Experimental and Clinical Oncology Unit, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Klaus Rostgaard
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karin E. Smedby
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Hematology Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sandra Eloranta
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Molin
- Experimental and Clinical Oncology Unit, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Thomas Kuusk
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Peter Kamper
- Department of Haematology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Henrik Hjalgrim
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Haematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gustaf Ljungman
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lisa Lyngsie Hjalgrim
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Fernández KS, Schwartz CL, Chen L, Constine LS, Chauvenet A, de Alarcón PA. Outcome of adolescents and young adults compared to children with Hodgkin lymphoma treated with response-based chemotherapy on pediatric protocols: A Children's Oncology Group report. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2017; 64:10.1002/pbc.26681. [PMID: 28612375 PMCID: PMC5799083 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.26681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We evaluated the outcome of children (<15 years) versus that of adolescents and young adults (AYA; 15-≤ 21 years) treated for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) in two Pediatric Oncology Group/Children's Oncology Group clinical trials, P9425 and P9426, that used dose-dense, response-based chemotherapy and reduced dose radiotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Subjects 21 years or younger with HL were eligible for these studies. Subjects with low-risk (stages IA, IIA, and IIIA1) without large mediastinal adenopathy biopsy-proven HL, eligible for P9426, were treated with two to four 28-day cycles of doxorubicin, bleomycin, vincristine, and etoposide (ABVE) chemotherapy and 25.5 Gy of involved field radiotherapy. Subjects with intermediate-risk (stages IB, IIA, IIIA1 with large mediastinal adenopathy, and IIIA2) and high-risk (stages IIB, IIIB, and IV) biopsy-proven HL, eligible for P9425, were treated with three to five 21-day cycles of ABVE plus prednisone and cyclophosphamide (ABVE-PC) chemotherapy and 21 Gy of involved region radiotherapy. We compared the 5-year event-free survival (EFS), based on Kaplan-Meier product-limit method, of children versus that of AYA. RESULTS Four hundred seventy-one subjects were enrolled on P9425 and P9426 combined. Of these subjects, 203 were AYA, 104 with intermediate and high-risk HL, and 99 with low-risk HL. The 5-year EFS of children did not significantly differ from that of AYA (85.9 vs. 87.1%) with a median follow up of 7.7 years (P = 0.51). CONCLUSION Given the equivalent and excellent results of therapy, HL represents an opportunity for adult and pediatric cancer treatment collaborative groups to jointly design clinical trials targeted to AYA. These trials should focus on both treatment efficacy and the quality of life of AYA while receiving chemotherapy and in reduction of long-term side effects in the survivorship years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen S. Fernández
- Valley Children’s Healthcare. Cancer and Blood Diseases Center. 9300 Valley Children’s Place, Madera, CA,Correspondence to: Karen S. Fernandez, MD. Valley Children’s Healthcare. Cancer and Blood Diseases Center. 9300 Valley Children’s Place, Madera, CA 93636. Phone: 559-353-5478 Fax: 559-353-5490.
| | - Cindy L. Schwartz
- MD Anderson Cancer Center 1515 Holcombe Blvd Box 87. Houston, TX 77030
| | - Lu Chen
- City of Hope and Beckman Research Institute.1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Louis S. Constine
- University of Rochester Medical Center. 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 647, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Allen Chauvenet
- Department of Pediatrics. West Virginia University. 830 Pennsylvania Ave, Charleston,WV 25302
| | - Pedro A. de Alarcón
- University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria. 530 NE Glen Oak Ave, Peoria IL 61637
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Adolescent and young adult lymphoma: collaborative efforts toward optimizing care and improving outcomes. Blood Adv 2017; 1:1945-1958. [PMID: 29296842 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2017008748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphomas are responsible for approximately 20% to 25% of annual cancer diagnoses in the adolescent and young adult (AYA) population. In 2006, the National Cancer Institute and the Lance Armstrong Foundation developed a joint Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology Progress Review Group (AYAO-PRG) to formally address the unique cancer burden of patients age 15 to 39 years. As part of their recommendations, the AYAO-PRG identified 5 imperatives for improving outcomes of AYAs with cancer. Broadly, the recommended areas of focus included research, awareness and education, investigational infrastructure, care delivery, and advocacy. In response to the challenges highlighted by the AYAO-PRG, the Lymphoma Research Foundation held the first AYA Lymphoma Research Foundation Symposium on 2 October 2015. At this symposium, clinicians and basic scientists from both pediatric and adult disciplines gave presentations describing the state of the science and proposed a collaborative research agenda built on the imperatives proposed by the AYAO-PRG. The following review presents an in-depth discussion of lymphoma management across pediatric and adult oncologic disciplines, focusing on Hodgkin lymphoma, mature B-cell lymphomas, and anaplastic large cell lymphoma.
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20
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Garciaz S, Coso D, Brice P, Bouabdallah R. [Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma of adolescents and young adults]. Bull Cancer 2016; 103:1035-1049. [PMID: 27866679 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lymphoma is one of the most frequent cancers in adolescent and young adults. Hodgkin Lymphoma is curable in more than 90% of cases. Recent pediatric and adults protocols aimed to decrease long term toxicities (mostly gonadic and cardiovascular) and secondary malignancies, reducing the use of alkylating agents and limiting radiation fields. Risk-adapted strategies, using positron emission tomography staging, are about to become a standard, both in adult and pediatric protocols. These approaches allow obtaining excellent results in adolescents with Hodgkin lymphoma. On the other hand, treatment of adolescents with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma raises some questions. Even through children have good outcomes when treated with risk-adapted strategies, adolescents who are between 15 and 18 years old seem to experience poorer survivals, whereas patients older than 18 years old have globally the same outcome than older adults. This category of patient needs a particular care, based on a tight coordination between adults and pediatric oncologists. Primary mediastinal lymphomas, a subtype of BLDCL frequent in young adult population, exhibits poorer outcomes in children or young adolescent population than in older ones. Taking together, B-cell lymphoma benefited from recent advances in immunotherapy (in particular with the extended utilization of rituximab) and metabolic response-adapted strategies. In conclusion, adolescent and young adult's lymphomas are very curable diseases but require a personalized management in onco-hematological units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Garciaz
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, département d'hématologie, 232, boulevard Sainte-Marguerite, 13009 Marseille, France.
| | - Diane Coso
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, département d'hématologie, 232, boulevard Sainte-Marguerite, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Pauline Brice
- Hôpital Saint-Louis, service d'hémato-oncologie, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Réda Bouabdallah
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, département d'hématologie, 232, boulevard Sainte-Marguerite, 13009 Marseille, France
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Algiraigri AH, Essa MF. Management of Adolescent Low-Risk Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma: Which Chemotherapy Backbone Gives the Best Chance of Omitting Radiotherapy Safely. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol 2016; 5:2-7. [PMID: 26812449 DOI: 10.1089/jayao.2015.0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Even though more than 90% of adolescents with low-risk classical Hodgkin lymphoma (LRcHL) will be cured with first-line therapy, many will suffer serious late toxic effects from radiotherapy (RT). The goals for care have shifted toward minimizing late toxic effects without compromising the outstanding cure rates by adapting a risk and response-based therapy. Recent published and ongoing randomized clinical trials, using functional imaging, may allow for better identification of those patients for whom RT may be safely omitted while maintaining excellent cure rates. To evaluate the best chemotherapy regimens with a reasonable toxicity profile and that are expected to have a high chance of omitting RT based on a response-directed therapy while maintaining high cure rates, a mini review was conducted of the recent clinical trials in pediatric and adult LRcHL. The UK RAPID trial chemotherapy backbone (3 × ABVD) followed by a response-based positron emission tomography scan offers up to a 75% chance of safely omitting RT without compromising the cure rate, which remained well above 90%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali H Algiraigri
- 1 Department of Community Health Science, University of Calgary , Calgary, Canada .,2 Department of Hematology, King Abdulaziz University Hospital , Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed F Essa
- 3 Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences , King Abdullah Specialist Children Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Bhuller KS, Zhang Y, Li D, Sehn LH, Goddard K, McBride ML, Rogers PC. Late mortality, secondary malignancy and hospitalisation in teenage and young adult survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma: report of the Childhood/Adolescent/Young Adult Cancer Survivors Research Program and the BC Cancer Agency Centre for Lymphoid Cancer. Br J Haematol 2016; 172:757-68. [PMID: 26727959 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.13903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Late complications affecting Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) survivors are well described in paediatric and adult-based publications. This study determined the late morbidity and mortality risk for 442 teenage and young adult (TYAs) 5-year HL survivors, diagnosed at 15-24 years of age between 1970 and 1999, identified from the British Columbia Cancer Registry. Treatment details were abstracted from charts. Survivors and a matched comparison cohort were linked to provincial administrative health datasets until December 2006 and regression analysis was performed, providing risk ratios regarding mortality, secondary malignancy and morbidity causing hospitalisation. Sixty (13·6%) survivors experienced late mortality with excess deaths from secondary cancer [standardised mortality ratio (SMR) 18·6; 95% confidence interval (CI) 11-29·4] and non-malignant disease (SMR 3·6; 95% CI 2·2-5·5). Excess secondary cancers (standardised incidence ratio 7·8; 95% CI 5·6-10·5) were associated with radiotherapy [Hazard ratio (HR) 2·7; 95% CI 1-7·7] and female gender (HR 1·8; 95% CI 1-3·4). Of 281 survivors treated between 1981 and 1999, 143 (51%) had morbidity resulting in hospitalisation (relative risk 1·45; 95% CI 1·22-1·73). Hospitalisation significantly increased with combined modality therapy, chemotherapy alone and recent treatment era. TYA HL survivors have excess risk of mortality and secondary malignancy continuing 30 years from diagnosis. Radiotherapy is associated with secondary malignancy and current response-adapted protocols attempt to minimise exposure, but late morbidity causing hospitalisation remains significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaljit S Bhuller
- Paediatric, Teenage & Young Adult (TYA) Haematology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.,Division of Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, British Columbia Children's Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yang Zhang
- Cancer Control Research Program, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Dongdong Li
- Cancer Control Research Program, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Laurie H Sehn
- Division of Medical Oncology and Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, British Columbia Cancer Agency and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Karen Goddard
- Division of Radiation Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mary L McBride
- Cancer Control Research Program, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Paul C Rogers
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, British Columbia Children's Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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23
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Giulino-Roth L, Keller FG, Hodgson DC, Kelly KM. Current approaches in the management of low risk Hodgkin lymphoma in children and adolescents. Br J Haematol 2015; 169:647-60. [PMID: 25824371 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.13372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The outcome for children and adolescents with low risk Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is excellent, with event-free survival >85% and overall survival >95%. Historically, however, treatment has come at the cost of significant long-term toxicity from chemotherapy, radiation or a combination of these. Recent treatment strategies have focused on maintaining high event-free and overall survival while minimizing the use of therapy associated with late effects. The strategies used to achieve this vary greatly among paediatric cooperative groups and there is no one standard treatment for children with low risk HL. This review summaries recent clinical trials in paediatric low risk HL and addresses some of the important considerations when comparing trials, including differences in the definition of low risk HL, differences in outcome among histological subtypes and varying approaches to reduce or eliminate radiation therapy. Recommendations are provided for the treatment of children with low risk HL outside the setting of a clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Giulino-Roth
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Frank G Keller
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - David C Hodgson
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, ON, USA
| | - Kara M Kelly
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Stem Cell Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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24
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Jachimowicz RD, Engert A. The challenging aspects of managing adolescents and young adults with Hodgkin's lymphoma. Acta Haematol 2014; 132:274-8. [PMID: 25228552 DOI: 10.1159/000360205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer in the adolescent and young adult (AYA) is the second leading cause of nonaccidental death with hematological malignancies spiking during this period. Treatment of AYAs with hematological malignancies usually follows either pediatric or adult protocols with sufficient information lacking on subgroup analyses regarding course and outcome. In this review we will outline up-to-date treatment possibilities for AYAs diagnosed with Hodgkin's lymphoma. Early and late toxicities will be addressed and future directions of research suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron D Jachimowicz
- First Department of Internal Medicine, German Hodgkin Study Group, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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25
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Huynh-Le MP, Walker AJ, Kominers SD, Paz-Priel I, Wharam MD, Terezakis SA. Patterns of failure after involved field radiation therapy for pediatric and young adult Hodgkin lymphoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014; 61:1210-4. [PMID: 24523203 PMCID: PMC4829080 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.24968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Involved field radiation therapy (IFRT) is integral in curative therapy for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), although primarily used in patients with intermediate/high-risk HL. We present failure patterns and clinical outcomes in a cohort of pediatric and young adult patients with HL treated with IFRT at the Johns Hopkins Hospital. PROCEDURE Patients ≤40 years old with intermediate/high-risk HL who received chemotherapy and IFRT from 1997 to 2012 were included in this retrospective analysis. Patients were evaluated for failure patterns, overall survival (OS), and event-free survival (EFS) using Kaplan-Meier curves, descriptive statistics, and Cox proportional hazard regressions. RESULTS We reviewed 74 patients (45 pediatric and 29 young adult) with a median follow-up of 4.4 years. The mean age at diagnosis was 21.4 years. Patients received a median of 29.75 Gy of IFRT (range 15-39.6 Gy). The majority of pediatric patients received ABVE-PC chemotherapy (n = 25) and <30 Gy of radiation (n = 33) while most young adults received ABVD chemotherapy (n = 24) and ≥30 Gy (n = 25). Estimated 5-year OS and EFS were 96% and 81%, respectively. Thirteen patients had recurrence; eight were pediatric. Distant relapse alone comprised 83% of failures in patients receiving ≥30 Gy. Of the seven patients who received <30 Gy and had recurrence, six had local failure as a component of their recurrence. Caucasian race (P = 0.02) and nodular sclerosing histology (P = 0.01) predicted for increased EFS. Late effects were minimal and all deaths (n = 4) were from HL. CONCLUSIONS In this series, pediatric and young adult patients were treated with differing chemoradiation and had distinct recurrence patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh-Phuong Huynh-Le
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Amanda J. Walker
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Scott Duke Kominers
- Society of Fellows, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts,Department of Economics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts,Program for Evolutionary Dynamics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts,Center for Research on Computation and Society, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Ido Paz-Priel
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Moody D. Wharam
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Stephanie A. Terezakis
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland,Correspondence to: Stephanie A. Terezakis, Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, 401N. Broadway, Suite 1440, Baltimore, MD 21287.
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26
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Woods WG, Franklin ARK, Alonzo TA, Gerbing RB, Donohue KA, Othus M, Horan J, Appelbaum FR, Estey EH, Bloomfield CD, Larson RA. Outcome of adolescents and young adults with acute myeloid leukemia treated on COG trials compared to CALGB and SWOG trials. Cancer 2013; 119:4170-9. [PMID: 24104597 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.28344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Revised: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A retrospective meta-analysis of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was performed to determine if differences in outcome exist following treatment on pediatric versus adult oncology treatment regimens. METHODS Outcomes were compared of 517 AYAs with AML aged 16 to 21 years who were treated on Children's Oncology Group (COG), Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB), and Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) frontline AML trials from 1986 to 2008. RESULTS There was a significant age difference between AYA cohorts in the COG, CALGB, and SWOG trials (median, 17.2 versus 20.1 versus 19.8 years, P < .001). The 10-year event-free survival of the COG cohort was superior to the combined adult cohorts (38% ± 6% versus 23% ± 6%, log-rank P = .006) as was overall survival (45% ± 6% versus 34% ± 7%), with a 10-year estimate comparison of P = .026. However, the younger age of the COG cohort is confounding, with all patients aged 16 to 18 years doing better than those aged 19 to 21 years. Although the 10-year relapse rate was lower for the COG patients (29% ± 6% versus 57% ± 8%, Gray's P < .001), this was offset by a higher postremission treatment-related mortality of 26% ± 6% versus 12% ± 6% (Gray's P < .001). Significant improvements in 10-year event-free survival and overall survival were observed for the entire cohort in later studies. CONCLUSIONS Patients treated on pediatric trials had better outcomes than those treated on adult trials, but age is a major confounding variable, making it difficult to compare outcomes by cooperative group.
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Affiliation(s)
- William G Woods
- Aflac Cancer Center, Emory University/Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia
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27
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Place AE, Frederick NN, Sallan SE. Therapeutic approaches to haematological malignancies in adolescents and young adults. Br J Haematol 2013; 164:3-14. [PMID: 24007213 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tremendous strides have been made in improving the outcomes of haematological malignancies (HM) over the last three decades, but adolescents and young adult (AYA) patients have not benefitted equally compared to younger and older patients. Excellent outcomes in Hodgkin lymphoma have allowed tailoring of highly effective regimens that limit the incidence of late effects. Early successes in paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia set the stage for a series of studies in young adults utilizing a paediatric-type treatment strategy. These studies have determined that AYAs benefit from paediatric-type chemotherapy regimens. Despite the increased incidence of acute myeloid leukaemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the AYA age group, optimal strategies for these patients have not been systematically pursued. There is renewed interest in improving HM outcomes in AYA patients and this will rely on the development of clinical trials that specifically target these patients. Understanding and addressing the unique psychosocial challenges of this population will be critical in supporting this endeavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E Place
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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29
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Simrick S, Szumska D, Gardiner JR, Jones K, Sagar K, Morrow B, Bhattacharya S, Basson MA. Biallelic expression of Tbx1 protects the embryo from developmental defects caused by increased receptor tyrosine kinase signaling. Dev Dyn 2012; 241:1310-24. [PMID: 22674535 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.23812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is the most common microdeletion syndrome in humans, characterized by cardiovascular defects such as interrupted aortic arch, outflow tract defects, thymus and parathyroid hypo- or aplasia, and cleft palate. Heterozygosity of Tbx1, the mouse homolog of the candidate TBX1 gene, results in mild defects dependent on genetic background, whereas complete inactivation results in severe malformations in multiple tissues. RESULTS The loss of function of two Sprouty genes, which encode feedback antagonists of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling, phenocopy many defects associated with 22q11DS in the mouse. The stepwise reduction of Sprouty gene dosage resulted in different phenotypes emerging at specific steps, suggesting that the threshold up to which a given developmental process can tolerate increased RTK signaling is different. Tbx1 heterozygosity significantly exacerbated the severity of all these defects, which correlated with a substantial increase in RTK signaling. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that TBX1 functions as an essential component of a mechanism that protects the embryo against perturbations in RTK signaling that may lead to developmental defects characteristic of 22q11DS. We propose that genetic factors that enhance RTK signaling ought to be considered as potential genetic modifiers of this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subreena Simrick
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, King's College London, Guy's Tower, London, United Kingdom
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30
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Eichenauer DA, Borchmann P, Engert A. Adolescents with Hodgkin lymphoma: old children or young adults? Leuk Lymphoma 2012; 53:1257-62. [DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2011.648631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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31
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Borchmann P, Gökbuget N, Wulf G, Trümper L. [Lymphatic neoplasias in young patients]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 34 Suppl 5:6-11. [PMID: 21921661 DOI: 10.1159/000329907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Borchmann
- Klinik I für Innere Medizin, Universitätsklinik Köln, Köln, Germany
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32
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van Krieken JH. New developments in the pathology of malignant lymphoma: a review of the literature published from October 2009 to January 2010. J Hematop 2011; 3:47-58. [PMID: 21633487 DOI: 10.1007/s12308-010-0060-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Han van Krieken
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Hodgkin's lymphoma--long-term outcome: an experience from a tertiary care cancer center in North India. Ann Hematol 2011; 90:1153-60. [PMID: 21625999 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-011-1262-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2011] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Limited information is available from developing countries on long-term outcome of patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL). Between January 1998 and December 2005, 262 patients (age ≥15 years) underwent treatment. Patients' median age was 30 years, ranging from 15 to 72 years. Male to female ratio was 2.8:1. B symptoms were present in 64% of patients. Seventy percent of patients had stage III and IV disease. Mixed cellularity (52.3%) was the most common histology followed by nodular sclerosis (38%). ABVD chemotherapy was used in 85% of the patients, and 50% received radiotherapy as consolidation. Following treatment 92% of patients achieved complete response. Five-year freedom from treatment failure (FFTF) and overall survival rate are 78.3% and 86.6% ± 0.02% (95% CI 80.0-93.2%), respectively. Stage at presentation, number of lymph node regions involved (≥3 vs ≤2), presence of B symptoms, and serum albumin (≥40 vs <40 g/L) were important determinants of FFTF. In a subset analysis of stage I and II HL patients, presence of bulky disease and pure infradiaphragmatic disease was associated with inferior outcome. On multivariate analysis involvement of three or more number of lymph node regions was a significant predictor of inferior freedom from treatment failure survival (hazard ratio 2.2, p < 0.01). Our analysis confirms excellent outcome for patients of Hodgkin's lymphoma with results comparable to developed countries.
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Lopci E, Burnelli R, Guerra L, Cistaro A, Piccardo A, Zucchetta P, Derenzini E, Todesco A, Garaventa A, Schumacher F, Farruggia P, Buffardi S, Sala A, Casale F, Indolfi P, Biondi S, Pession A, Fanti S. Postchemotherapy PET evaluation correlates with patient outcome in paediatric Hodgkin’s disease. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2011; 38:1620-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-011-1836-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Accepted: 04/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
Over the past decades, cure rates in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) have steadily improved. This was most obvious in patients with advanced disease after the introduction of multi-agent chemotherapy protocols such as MOPP (mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine, prednisone) and ABVD (adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine). More recently, the more intensive BEACOPP(escalated) (bleomycin, etoposide, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, prednisone) was shown to be significantly superior to previous standard approaches in advanced adult HL. In this issue of Blood, Kelly and colleagues now report that BEACOPP(escalated) is also feasible and highly effective in high-risk pediatric and adolescent HL patients.
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Abstract
Adolescents and young adults (AYA) with cancer have been designated as a vulnerable population by the National Cancer Institute. This group, defined by the ages of 16-39 years, has not enjoyed the same survival improvements over the past several decades as older and younger cohorts. Several barriers prevent the optimal delivery of oncologic care in this subpopulation. This review will describe these challenges in the context of the major hematologic malignancies affecting this population (acute lymphoblastic leukemia [ALL], acute myeloid leukemia [AML], Hodgkin lymphoma [HL], and non-Hodgkin lymphoma [NHL]). For example, historical differences in care delivery between pediatric and adult health care systems have created confusion about optimal treatment planning for AYAs, a population that spans the pediatric-adult divide. In the case of ALL, retrospective studies have demonstrated significantly better outcomes when AYAs are treated according to pediatric and not adult protocols. Additional challenges more specific to AYAs include increased treatment-related toxicity relative to younger patients; less access to care and, specifically, access to clinical trials; lower adherence to medications and treatment plans; and psychosocial stressors relevant to individuals at this stage of life. Recognizing and responding to these challenges in AYAs may create opportunities to improve the cancer outcomes of this group.
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Metzger ML, Hudson MM. Balancing Efficacy and Safety in the Treatment of Adolescents With Hodgkin's Lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 2009; 27:6071-3. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.25.3765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Monika L. Metzger
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital; and University of Tennessee, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN
| | - Melissa M. Hudson
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital; and University of Tennessee, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN
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