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Yu C, He Y, Liu Q, Qian X, Gao X, Yang D, Yang Y, Wan G. Thyroid hormone controls the timing of cochlear ribbon synapse maturation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 704:149704. [PMID: 38430700 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Ribbon synapses in the cochlear hair cells are subject to extensive pruning and maturation processes before hearing onset. Previous studies have highlighted the pivotal role of thyroid hormone (TH) in this developmental process, yet the detailed mechanisms are largely unknown. In this study, we found that the thyroid hormone receptor α (Thrα) is expressed in both sensory epithelium and spiral ganglion neurons in mice. Hypothyroidism, induced by Pax8 gene knockout, significantly delays the synaptic pruning during postnatal development in mice. Detailed spatiotemporal analysis of ribbon synapse distribution reveals that synaptic maturation involves not only ribbon pruning but also their migration, both of which are notably delayed in the cochlea of Pax8 knockout mice. Intriguingly, postnatal hyperthyroidism, induced by intraperitoneal injections of liothyronine sodium (T3), accelerates the pruning of ribbon synapses to the mature state without affecting the auditory functions. Our findings suggest that thyroid hormone does not play a deterministic role but rather controls the timing of cochlear ribbon synapse maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaorong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School, Model Animal Research Center of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, National Resource Center for Mutant Mice of China, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
| | - Yihan He
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School, Model Animal Research Center of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, National Resource Center for Mutant Mice of China, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China
| | - Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School, Model Animal Research Center of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, National Resource Center for Mutant Mice of China, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China; Research Institute of Otolaryngology, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210061, China
| | - Xiaoyun Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School, Model Animal Research Center of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China; Research Institute of Otolaryngology, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210061, China
| | - Xia Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School, Model Animal Research Center of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China; Research Institute of Otolaryngology, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210061, China
| | - Deye Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China.
| | - Ye Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School, Model Animal Research Center of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China; Research Institute of Otolaryngology, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210061, China.
| | - Guoqiang Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School, Model Animal Research Center of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, National Resource Center for Mutant Mice of China, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China; Research Institute of Otolaryngology, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210061, China.
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