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Kirkgöz K, Vogtmann R, Xie Y, Zhao F, Riedel A, Adam LM, Freitag N, Harms C, Garcia MG, Plösch T, Gellhaus A, Blois SM. Placental glycosylation senses the anti-angiogenic milieu induced by human sFLT1 during pregnancy. J Reprod Immunol 2024; 164:104284. [PMID: 38908337 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2024.104284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Abnormal placental angiogenesis during gestation resulting from high levels of anti-angiogenic factors, soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFLT1) and soluble endoglin, has been implicated in the progression of preeclampsia (PE). This heterogeneous syndrome (defined by hypertension with or without proteinuria after 20 weeks of pregnancy) remains a major global health burden with long-term consequences for both mothers and child. Previously, we showed that in vivo systemic human (hsFLT1) overexpression led to reduced placental efficiency and PE-like syndrome in mice. Galectins (gal-1, -3 and -9) are critical determinants of vascular adaptation to pregnancy and dysregulation of the galectin-glycan circuits is associated with the development of this life-threatening disease. In this study, we assessed the galectin-glycan networks at the maternal-fetal interface associated with the hsFLT1-induced PE in mice. We observed an increase on the maternal gal-1 expression in the decidua and junctional zone layers of the placenta derived from hs FLT1high pregnancies. In contrast, placental gal-3 and gal-9 expression were not sensitive to the hsFLT1 overexpression. In addition, O- and N-linked glycan expression, poly-LacNAc sequences and terminal sialylation were down-regulated in hsFLT1 high placentas. Thus, the gal-1-glycan axis appear to play an important role counteracting the anti-angiogenic status caused by sFLT1, becoming critical for vascular adaptation at the maternal-fetal interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kürsat Kirkgöz
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Glycoimmunology Research Group, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rebekka Vogtmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, Germany
| | - Yiran Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Glycoimmunology Research Group, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fangqi Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Glycoimmunology Research Group, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alina Riedel
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, Germany
| | - Lisa-Marie Adam
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Glycoimmunology Research Group, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nancy Freitag
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Glycoimmunology Research Group, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Harms
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Glycoimmunology Research Group, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mariana G Garcia
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Glycoimmunology Research Group, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Torsten Plösch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Perinatal Neurobiology, Department of Human Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carlvon Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Gellhaus
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, Germany
| | - Sandra M Blois
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Glycoimmunology Research Group, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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Li Y, Wu H, Pei X, Liu S, Yan Q. Alpha 1,3 N-Acetylgalactosaminyl Transferase (GTA) Impairs Invasion Potential of Trophoblast Cells in Preeclampsia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7287. [PMID: 39000392 PMCID: PMC11242368 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-specific disorder associated with shallow invasion of the trophoblast cells and insufficient remodeling of the uterine spiral artery. Protein glycosylation plays an important role in trophoblast cell invasion. However, the glycobiological mechanism of PE has not been fully elucidated. In the current study, employing the Lectin array, we found that soybean agglutinin (SBA), which recognizes the terminal N-acetylgalactosamine α1,3-galactose (GalNAc α1,3 Gal) glycotype, was significantly increased in placental trophoblast cells from PE patients compared with third-trimester pregnant controls. Upregulating the expression of the key enzyme α1,3 N-acetylgalactosaminyl transferase (GTA) promoted the biosynthesis of terminal GalNAc α1,3 Gal and inhibited the migration/invasion of HTR8/SVneo trophoblast cells. Moreover, the methylation status of GTA promoter in placental tissues from PE patients was lower than that in the third trimester by methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP) analysis. Elevated GTA expression in combination with the DNA methylation inhibitor 5-azacytidine (5-AzaC) treatment increased the glycotype biosynthesis and impaired the invasion potential of trophoblast cells, leading to preeclampsia. This study suggests that elevated terminal GalNAc α1,3 Gal biosynthesis and GTA expression may be applied as the new markers for evaluating placental function and the auxiliary diagnosis of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Li
- Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Hongpan Wu
- Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaosong Pei
- Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Qiu Yan
- Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
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3
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Zhong J, Li J, Burton GJ, Koistinen H, Cheung KW, Ng EHY, Yao Y, Yeung WSB, Lee CL, Chiu PCN. The functional roles of protein glycosylation in human maternal-fetal crosstalk. Hum Reprod Update 2024; 30:81-108. [PMID: 37699855 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmad024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The establishment of maternal-fetal crosstalk is vital to a successful pregnancy. Glycosylation is a post-translational modification in which glycans (monosaccharide chains) are attached to an organic molecule. Glycans are involved in many physiological and pathological processes. Human endometrial epithelium, endometrial gland secretions, decidual immune cells, and trophoblasts are highly enriched with glycoconjugates and glycan-binding molecules important for a healthy pregnancy. Aberrant glycosylation in the placenta and uterus has been linked to repeated implantation failure and various pregnancy complications, but there is no recent review summarizing the functional roles of glycosylation at the maternal-fetal interface and their associations with pathological processes. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE This review aims to summarize recent findings on glycosylation, glycosyltransferases, and glycan-binding receptors at the maternal-fetal interface, and their involvement in regulating the biology and pathological conditions associated with endometrial receptivity, placentation and maternal-fetal immunotolerance. Current knowledge limitations and future insights into the study of glycobiology in reproduction are discussed. SEARCH METHODS A comprehensive PubMed search was conducted using the following keywords: glycosylation, glycosyltransferases, glycan-binding proteins, endometrium, trophoblasts, maternal-fetal immunotolerance, siglec, selectin, galectin, repeated implantation failure, early pregnancy loss, recurrent pregnancy loss, preeclampsia, and fetal growth restriction. Relevant reports published between 1980 and 2023 and studies related to these reports were retrieved and reviewed. Only publications written in English were included. OUTCOMES The application of ultrasensitive mass spectrometry tools and lectin-based glycan profiling has enabled characterization of glycans present at the maternal-fetal interface and in maternal serum. The endometrial luminal epithelium is covered with highly glycosylated mucin that regulates blastocyst adhesion during implantation. In the placenta, fucose and sialic acid residues are abundantly presented on the villous membrane and are essential for proper placentation and establishment of maternal-fetal immunotolerance. Glycan-binding receptors, including selectins, sialic-acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (siglecs) and galectins, also modulate implantation, trophoblast functions and maternal-fetal immunotolerance. Aberrant glycosylation is associated with repeated implantation failure, early pregnancy loss and various pregnancy complications. The current limitation in the field is that most glycobiological research relies on association studies, with few studies revealing the specific functions of glycans. Technological advancements in analytic, synthetic and functional glycobiology have laid the groundwork for further exploration of glycans in reproductive biology under both physiological and pathological conditions. WIDER IMPLICATIONS A deep understanding of the functions of glycan structures would provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying their involvement in the physiological and pathological regulation of early pregnancy. Glycans may also potentially serve as novel early predictive markers and therapeutic targets for repeated implantation failure, pregnancy loss, and other pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangming Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
- The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianlin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
| | - Graham J Burton
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hannu Koistinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ka Wang Cheung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
| | - Ernest H Y Ng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
- The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuanqing Yao
- The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - William S B Yeung
- The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Cheuk-Lun Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
- The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Philip C N Chiu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
- The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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4
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Sun X, Feng Y, Ma Q, Wang Y, Ma F. Protein glycosylation: bridging maternal-fetal crosstalk during embryo implantation†. Biol Reprod 2023; 109:785-798. [PMID: 37658761 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Infertility is a challenging health problem that affects 8-15% of couples worldwide. Establishing pregnancy requires successful embryo implantation, but about 85% of unsuccessful pregnancies are due to embryo implantation failure or loss soon after. Factors crucial for successful implantation include invasive blastocysts, receptive endometrium, invasion of trophoblast cells, and regulation of immune tolerance at the maternal-fetal interface. Maternal-fetal crosstalk, which relies heavily on protein-protein interactions, is a critical factor in implantation that involves multiple cellular communication and molecular pathways. Glycosylation, a protein modification process, is closely related to cell growth, adhesion, transport, signal transduction, and recognition. Protein glycosylation plays a crucial role in maternal-fetal crosstalk and can be divided into N-glycosylation and O-glycosylation, which are often terminated by sialylation or fucosylation. This review article examines the role of protein glycosylation in maternal-fetal crosstalk based on two transcriptome datasets from the GEO database (GSE139087 and GSE113790) and existing research, particularly in the context of the mechanism of protein glycosylation and embryo implantation. Dysregulation of protein glycosylation can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as missed abortion and recurrent spontaneous abortion, underscoring the importance of a thorough understanding of protein glycosylation in the diagnosis and treatment of female reproductive disorders. This knowledge could have significant clinical implications, leading to the development of more effective diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrui Sun
- Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Feng
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qianhong Ma
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang Ma
- Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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5
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Herghelegiu CG, Veduta A, Stefan MF, Magda SL, Ionascu I, Radoi VE, Oprescu DN, Calin AM. Hyperglycosylated-hCG: Its Role in Trophoblast Invasion and Intrauterine Growth Restriction. Cells 2023; 12:1647. [PMID: 37371117 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is produced by the placenta and its roles have been studied for over a century, being the first known pregnancy-related protein. Although its main role is to stimulate the production of progesterone by corpus luteal cells, hCG does not represent just one biologically active molecule, but a group of at least five variants, produced by different cells and each with different functions. The hyperglycosylated variant of hCG (H-hCG) plays a key role in trophoblast invasion, placental development and fetal growth. During trophoblast invasion, H-hCG promotes extravillous cytotrophoblast cells to infiltrate the decidua, and also to colonize and remodel the spiral arteries in to low resistance, larger-diameter vessels. As fetal growth is heavily reliant on nutrient availability, impaired trophoblast invasion and remodeling of the uterine arteries, leads to a defective perfusion of the placenta and fetal growth restriction. Understanding the function of H-hCG in the evolution of the placenta might unveil new ways to manage and treat fetal growth restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalin Gabriel Herghelegiu
- Institutul National pentru Sanatatea Mamei si a Copilului "Alessandrescu Rusescu", 020395 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Miruna Florina Stefan
- Department of Cardiology, University and Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Stefania Lucia Magda
- Department of Cardiology, University and Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Iuliana Ionascu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agronomical Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Viorica Elena Radoi
- Department of Genetics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniela Nuti Oprescu
- Institutul National pentru Sanatatea Mamei si a Copilului "Alessandrescu Rusescu", 020395 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alina Mihaela Calin
- Medicine and Pharmacy Faculty, Dunarea de Jos University, 800008 Galati, Romania
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Bueno-Sánchez JC, Gómez-Gutiérrez AM, Maldonado-Estrada JG, Quintana-Castillo JC. Expression of placental glycans and its role in regulating peripheral blood NK cells during preeclampsia: a perspective. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1087845. [PMID: 37206444 PMCID: PMC10190602 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1087845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-related multisystem disorder characterized by altered trophoblast invasion, oxidative stress, exacerbation of systemic inflammatory response, and endothelial damage. The pathogenesis includes hypertension and mild-to-severe microangiopathy in the kidney, liver, placenta, and brain. The main mechanisms involved in its pathogenesis have been proposed to limit trophoblast invasion and increase the release of extracellular vesicles from the syncytiotrophoblast into the maternal circulation, exacerbating the systemic inflammatory response. The placenta expresses glycans as part of its development and maternal immune tolerance during gestation. The expression profile of glycans at the maternal-fetal interface may play a fundamental role in physiological pregnancy changes and disorders such as preeclampsia. It is unclear whether glycans and their lectin-like receptors are involved in the mechanisms of maternal-fetal recognition by immune cells during pregnancy homeostasis. The expression profile of glycans appears to be altered in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, which could lead to alterations in the placental microenvironment and vascular endothelium in pregnancy conditions such as preeclampsia. Glycans with immunomodulatory properties at the maternal-fetal interface are altered in early-onset severe preeclampsia, implying that innate immune system components, such as NK cells, exacerbate the systemic inflammatory response observed in preeclampsia. In this article, we discuss the evidence for the role of glycans in gestational physiology and the perspective of glycobiology on the pathophysiology of hypertensive disorders in gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio C. Bueno-Sánchez
- Reproduction Group, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
- Red Iberoamericana de Alteraciones Vasculares en Trastornos del Embarazo (RIVATREM), Chillan, Chile
| | - Alejandra M. Gómez-Gutiérrez
- Reproduction Group, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan G. Maldonado-Estrada
- One Health and Veterinary Innovative Research & Development (OHVRI) Research Group, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
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Roles of N-linked glycosylation and glycan-binding proteins in placentation: trophoblast infiltration, immunomodulation, angiogenesis, and pathophysiology. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:639-653. [PMID: 36929183 DOI: 10.1042/bst20221406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Protein N-linked glycosylation is a structurally diverse post-translational modification that stores biological information in a larger order of magnitude than other post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation, ubiquitination and acetylation. This gives N-glycosylated proteins a diverse range of properties and allows glyco-codes (glycan-related information) to be deciphered by glycan-binding proteins (GBPs). The intervillous space of the placenta is richly populated with membrane-bound and secreted glycoproteins. Evidence exists to suggest that altering the structural nature of their N-glycans can impact several trophoblast functions, which include those related to interactions with decidual cells. This review summarizes trophoblast-related activities influenced by N-glycan-GBP recognition, exploring how different subtypes of trophoblasts actively adapt to characteristics of the decidualized endometrium through cell-specific expression of N-glycosylated proteins, and how these cells receive decidua-derived signals via N-glycan-GBP interactions. We highlight work on how changes in N-glycosylation relates to the success of trophoblast infiltration, interactions of immunomodulators, and uterine angiogenesis. We also discuss studies that suggest aberrant N-glycosylation of trophoblasts may contribute to the pathogenesis of pregnancy complications (e.g. pre-eclampsia, early spontaneous miscarriages and hydatidiform mole). We propose that a more in-depth understanding of how N-glycosylation shapes trophoblast phenotype during early pregnancy has the potential to improve our approach to predicting, diagnosing and alleviating poor maternal/fetal outcomes associated with placental dysfunction.
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Long Y, Zeng S, Gao F, Liu F, Zhang Y, Zhou C, Zhu C, Zhao X, Han M, Gan Q, Ye W, Zeng F, Song C, Jiang M, Lash GE, Yang H. SERPINA5 may promote the development of preeclampsia by disruption of the uPA/uPAR pathway. Transl Res 2023; 251:14-26. [PMID: 35717024 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2022.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is the leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity or mortality but lacks reliable methods for early diagnosis. In a previous study, serum SERPINA5 levels were higher in women with PE before the clinical manifestation of the disease. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of SERPINA5 in predicting PE and investigate its role in trophoblast cell biology. A multicenter, 2-stage observational case-control study was performed to develop and validate an early predictive PE model based on SERPINA5, maternal characteristics, and inflammatory factors. To further understand the relationship between SERPINA5 and PE, SERPINA5 was overexpressed or knocked down in extravillous trophoblast cells (EVT) and a pregnant rat model. After development and initial validation, a model that combined SERPINA5 and inflammatory factors had a high predictive ability for PE before 20 weeks gestation with an AUC of 0.90 (95% CI 0.83-0.96). It also demonstrated that SERPINA5 inhibited primary EVT cell invasion by disrupting the urokinase-type plasminogen activator/urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPA/uPAR) pathway, in turn, is involved in the development of PE. In vivo experiments also proved that overexpression of SERPINA5 induced a PE-like syndrome (hypertension and proteinuria) in pregnant rats. Therefore, serum SERPINA5 is a promising early biomarker of PE, suggesting that it may be involved in placental development through its action on the uPA/uPAR system prior to the clinical manifestation of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Long
- Department of Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanshui Zeng
- Department of Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University/The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yonggang Zhang
- Department of Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Southern Medical University Affiliated Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Chunyan Zhu
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueqin Zhao
- Department of Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengru Han
- Department of Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiangsheng Gan
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weitao Ye
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangling Zeng
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunlin Song
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Southern Medical University Affiliated Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Gendie E Lash
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Hongling Yang
- Department of Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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9
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Nakamura K, Niimi K, Yamamoto E, Ikeda Y, Nishino K, Suzuki S, Kajiyama H, Kikkawa F. Core 2 β1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases accelerate the escape of choriocarcinoma from natural killer cell immunity. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 26:100951. [PMID: 33644424 PMCID: PMC7895715 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.100951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycosylated human chorionic gonadotropin (H-hCG) is secreted from choriocarcinoma and contains a core2 O-glycan formed by core2 β1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyl transferase (C2GnT). Choriocarcinoma is considered immunogenic as it is gestational and contains paternal chromosomal components. Here we examined the function of C2GnT in the evasion of choriocarcinoma cells from natural killer (NK) cell-mediating killing. We determined that C2GnT is highly expressed in malignant gestational trophoblastic neoplasms. C2GnT KO downregulates core2 O-glycan expression in choriocarcinoma cells, which are more efficiently killed by NK cells than control cells. C2GnT KO cell containing tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand have lower viability than control cells. Additionally, poly-N-acetyllactosamine in core2 branched oligosaccharides on MHC class I-related chain A (MICA) and mucin1 (MUC1) is significantly reduced in C2GnT KO cells. Meanwhile, the cumulative survival rate of nude mice inoculated with C2GnT KO tumors was higher than that of the control group. These findings suggest that choriocarcinoma cells may escape NK cell-mediated killing via glycosylation of MICA and MUC1. C2GnT knockout reduces core2 O-glycan expression in choriocarcinoma cells C2GnT KO cells are more readily killed by NK cells C2GnT KO cells containing TRAIL have lower viability than controls MHC class I-related chain A and MUC1 glycosylation is reduced in C2GnT KO cells Survival rate of nude mice inoculated with C2GnT KO tumors is higher than controls
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Key Words
- C2GnT
- C2GnT, core2 beta 1, 6-N acetylglucosaminyl transferase
- Choriocarcinoma
- DR4, death receptor 4
- EVT, extravillous trophoblast
- GTD, gestational trophoblastic disease
- GTN, gestational trophoblastic neoplasm
- H-hCG, hyperglycosylated human chorionic gonadotropin
- HLA, human leukocyte antigen
- Immunosuppression
- LEL, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin
- MICA, MHC class I-related chain A
- MUC1, mucin1
- NKG2D, natural killer group 2 member D
- Natural killer cell
- O-glycan
- PSTT, placental site trophoblastic tumor
- TRAIL, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand
- hCG, human chorionic gonadotropin
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Nakamura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kaoru Niimi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Eiko Yamamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ikeda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kimihiro Nishino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shiro Suzuki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kajiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Kikkawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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10
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Blois SM, Verlohren S, Wu G, Clark G, Dell A, Haslam SM, Barrientos G. Role of galectin-glycan circuits in reproduction: from healthy pregnancy to preterm birth (PTB). Semin Immunopathol 2020; 42:469-486. [PMID: 32601855 PMCID: PMC7508936 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-020-00801-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that galectins, an evolutionarily conserved family of glycan-binding proteins, fulfill key roles in pregnancy including blastocyst implantation, maternal-fetal immune tolerance, placental development, and maternal vascular expansion, thereby establishing a healthy environment for the growing fetus. In this review, we comprehensively present the function of galectins in shaping cellular circuits that characterize a healthy pregnancy. We describe the current understanding of galectins in term and preterm labor and discuss how the galectin-glycan circuits contribute to key immunological pathways sustaining maternal tolerance and preventing microbial infections. A deeper understanding of the glycoimmune pathways regulating early events in preterm birth could offer the broader translational potential for the treatment of this devastating syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra M Blois
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation Between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, AG GlycoImmunology, Berlin, Germany. .,Institute for Medical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. .,Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Stefan Verlohren
- Department of Obstetrics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Gary Clark
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Women's Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Anne Dell
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Stuart M Haslam
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Gabriela Barrientos
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Hospital Alemán, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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11
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Blois SM, Dveksler G, Vasta GR, Freitag N, Blanchard V, Barrientos G. Pregnancy Galectinology: Insights Into a Complex Network of Glycan Binding Proteins. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1166. [PMID: 31231368 PMCID: PMC6558399 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectins are a phylogenetically conserved family of soluble β-galactoside binding proteins, consisting of 15 different types, each with a specific function. Galectins contribute to placentation by regulating trophoblast development, migration, and invasion during early pregnancy. In addition, galectins are critical players regulating maternal immune tolerance to the embedded embryo. Recently, the role of galectins in angiogenesis during decidualization and in placenta formation has gained attention. Altered expression of galectins is associated with abnormal pregnancies and infertility. This review focuses on the role of galectins in pregnancy-associated processes and discusses the relevance of galectin-glycan interactions as potential therapeutic targets in pregnancy disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra M Blois
- Reproductive Medicine Research Group, Division of General Internal and Psychosomatic Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a Cooperation Between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gabriela Dveksler
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Gerardo R Vasta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, UMB, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nancy Freitag
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a Cooperation Between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Véronique Blanchard
- Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gabriela Barrientos
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Hospital Alemán, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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12
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Yu M, Cui X, Wang H, Liu J, Qin H, Liu S, Yan Q. FUT8 drives the proliferation and invasion of trophoblastic cells via IGF-1/IGF-1R signaling pathway. Placenta 2018; 75:45-53. [PMID: 30712666 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Trophoblast proliferation and invasion are essential for embryo implantation and placentation. Protein glycosylation is one of the most common and vital post-translational modifications, regulates protein physical and biochemical properties. FUT8 is the only known fucosyltransferase responsible for catalyzing α1,6-fucosylation in mammals, and α1,6-fucosylated glycoproteins are found to participate in various physiopathological processes. However, whether FUT8/α1,6-fucosylation modulates the functions of trophoblastic cells remains elusive. METHODS FUT8 in human placenta villi during 6-8 gestational weeks and trophoblastic cells were detected by Western blot and immunofluorescent staining. α1,6-fucosylation in tissues or cells were measured by Lectin LCA (Lens culinaris) fluorescent staining and Lectin blot. FUT8 expression was down-regulated by siRNA transfection in JAR and JEG-3 cells, and cell viability, motility and invasiveness ability were detected by the functional experiments. α1,6-fucosylation of insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) was examined by immunoprecipitation, and the amount of phosphorylated IGF-1R was detected in FUT8 down-regulated JAR cells. RESULTS Human placenta villi and trophoblastic cells expressed FUT8/α1,6-fucosylation. Knockdown FUT8 by siRNA transfection suppressed the proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, migration and invasion of JAR and JEG-3 cells. Furthermore, we found that FUT8 modified the α1,6-fucosylation of IGF-1R, and regulated IGF-1 dependent activation of IGF-1R, MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways in JAR cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results implicate a critical role for FUT8 in maintaining the normal functions of trophoblastic cells, suggesting manipulating FUT8 may be an effective approach in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyuan Cui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianwei Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Huamin Qin
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiu Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
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Mizuno M, Miki R, Moriyama Y, Ushida T, Imai K, Niimi K, Nakano T, Tsuda H, Sumigama S, Yamamoto E, Senga T, Iwase A, Kikkawa F, Kotani T. The role of E2F8 in the human placenta. Mol Med Rep 2018; 19:293-301. [PMID: 30387815 PMCID: PMC6297733 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have reported that E2F transcription factor (E2F) 8, an atypical E2F transcription factor, serves a critical role in promoting the growth and development of the murine placenta. However, the function of E2F8 in the human placenta remains unknown. Invasion of extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) into the maternal decidua is known to be important for the development of the human placenta. To investigate the role of E2F8 in human placental development, E2F8 localisation was examined in the human placenta and E2F8 mRNA expression was detected in primary cultured EVTs. The human EVT cell line, HTR‑8/SVneo, was divided into two groups and treated separately, one with retrovirus expressing short hairpin (sh)‑RNA against E2F8 (shE2F8 cells) and the other with non‑target control shRNA (shControl cells). The cell functions, including cell cycle, proliferation, invasion and adhesion, were compared between the shE2F8 and shControl cells. A histological examination revealed that E2F8 was localised in the decidua cells, EVTs, and cytotrophoblasts in the placenta. E2F8 mRNA was confirmed to be expressed in cultured primary EVTs. No significant difference was observed in the cell cycle, proliferation or adhesion between the shE2F8 and shControl cells. The invasive ability was ~2‑fold higher in the shE2F8 cells when compared with the shControl cells (P<0.01). Production of matrix metalloproteinase‑1 was significantly increased in the shE2F8 cells when compared with the shControl cells (P<0.05). Taken together, E2F8 is present in the EVTs of the human placenta, but, unlike murine placenta, it may suppress the invasiveness of EVTs. E2F8 was also present in cytotrophoblasts in cell columns, which have no invasive ability and differentiate into EVTs. In conclusion, E2F8 also exists in the human placenta, and its function may be different from that in the murine placenta, although further investigation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masako Mizuno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466‑8550, Japan
| | - Rika Miki
- Laboratory of Bell Research Center‑Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Collaborative Research, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466‑8550, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Moriyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466‑8550, Japan
| | - Takafumi Ushida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466‑8550, Japan
| | - Kenji Imai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466‑8550, Japan
| | - Kaoru Niimi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466‑8550, Japan
| | - Tomoko Nakano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466‑8550, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya Daiichi Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi 453‑8511, Japan
| | - Seiji Sumigama
- Office of International Affairs, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466‑8550, Japan
| | - Eiko Yamamoto
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466‑8550, Japan
| | - Takeshi Senga
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yahagigawa Hospital, Anjo, Aichi 444‑1164, Japan
| | - Akira Iwase
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466‑8550, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Kikkawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466‑8550, Japan
| | - Tomomi Kotani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466‑8550, Japan
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Bojic-Trbojevic Ž, Jovanovic Krivokuca M, Stefanoska I, Kolundžic N, Vilotic A, Kadoya T, Vicovac L. Integrin β1 is bound to galectin-1 in human trophoblast. J Biochem 2018; 163:39-50. [PMID: 28992109 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvx061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Interaction of sugar binding proteins-galectins, with glycoconjugates is considered relevant for various reproductive processes. Galectin-1 (gal-1) is a molecule involved in trophoblast cell invasion, which is accomplished through interaction with cell surface and/or extracellular matrix glycoproteins. A possibility of interaction of endogenous gal-1 and trophoblast β1 integrins, both previously shown relevant for trophoblast invasion, was investigated. Confocal microscopy showed overlap in gal-1 and β1 integrin localization at the plasma membrane of isolated cytotrophoblast, HTR-8/SVneo extravillous trophoblast cell line and JAr choriocarcinoma cells. Immunoprecipitation confirmed an interaction of gal-1 with integrin β1, but not with α1 or α5 integrin subunits. Nondenaturing electrophoresis and subcellular fractionation suggested association of gal-1 with β1 integrin in intracellular and plasma membrane compartments of HTR-8/SVneo cells. Gal-1/β1 integrin complex was sensitive to chemical and enzyme treatments, indicating carbohydrate dependent interaction. Down-regulation of gal-1 by siRNA, however, had no effect on level or distribution of β1 integrin, as determined by qPCR and flow cytometry. These results suggest complex lectin type interaction of gal-1 with β1 integrin at the trophoblast cell membrane, which could influence trophoblast cell adhesion, migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Žanka Bojic-Trbojevic
- Laboratory for Biology of Reproduction, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, INEP, Banatska 31b, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Jovanovic Krivokuca
- Laboratory for Biology of Reproduction, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, INEP, Banatska 31b, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Stefanoska
- Laboratory for Biology of Reproduction, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, INEP, Banatska 31b, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nikola Kolundžic
- Laboratory for Biology of Reproduction, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, INEP, Banatska 31b, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Vilotic
- Laboratory for Biology of Reproduction, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, INEP, Banatska 31b, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Toshihiko Kadoya
- Department of Biotechnology, Maebashi Institute of Technology, Maebashi, Gunma 371-0816, Japan
| | - Ljiljana Vicovac
- Laboratory for Biology of Reproduction, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, INEP, Banatska 31b, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Yamamoto E, Niimi K, Kiyono T, Yamamoto T, Nishino K, Nakamura K, Kotani T, Kajiyama H, Shibata K, Kikkawa F. Establishment and characterization of cell lines derived from complete hydatidiform mole. Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:614-622. [PMID: 28713902 PMCID: PMC5547987 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTDs) are a group of diseases characterized by abnormal cellular proliferation of atypical trophoblasts. A hydatidiform mole is an abnormal pregnancy caused by genetic fertilization disorders, and it can be classified as a complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) or a partial hydatidiform mole. The aim of this study was to establish cell lines from CHMs and to characterize the cells for future studies concerning GTD. HMol1-2C, HMol1-3B, HMol1-8 and HMol3-1B were established from primary cultures of CHM explants following the introduction of different combinations of genes including human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), a mutant form of CDK (CDK4R24C), cyclin D1, p53C234, MYC and HRAS. HMol1-2C, HMol1-3B, and HMol3-1B were confirmed to originate from trophoblasts of androgenic, homozygous CHMs. These three cell lines exhibited low human chorionic gonadotropin secretion, low migration and invasion abilities, and the potential to differentiate into syncytiotrophoblastic cells via forskolin treatment. These results suggest that these cells exhibit characteristics of trophoblastic cells, especially cytotrophoblastic cells. HMol1-8 was found to consist of diploid cells and originated from maternal cells, suggesting that they were derived from decidual cells. In conclusion, we successfully established three cell lines from CHMs by introduction of hTERT and other genes. Analysis revealed that the genetic origin of each cell line was identical with that of the original molar tissue, and the cell lines exhibited characteristics of trophoblastic cells, which are similar to undifferentiated cytotrophoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiko Yamamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kaoru Niimi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tohru Kiyono
- Division of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Toshimichi Yamamoto
- Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kimihiro Nishino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kenichi Nakamura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tomomi Kotani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kajiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kiyosumi Shibata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Kikkawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
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Nishino K, Yamamoto E, Niimi K, Sekiya Y, Yamashita Y, Kikkawa F. N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase IVa promotes invasion of choriocarcinoma. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:440-448. [PMID: 28534963 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) results from the malignant transformation of placental trophoblasts which secrete human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) as do normal placenta or hydatidiform mole. N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase IV (GnT-IV) is a glycosyltransferase which catalyses the formation of β1,4GlcNAc branches on the mannose core of N-glycans. Previous studies reported that β1,4GlcNAc branches on hCG were detected in GTN but not in normal pregnancy or hydatidiform mole. The aim of the present study was to understand the role of GnT-IVa in choriocarcinoma and find the target proteins for GnT-IVa glycosylation which contribute to the malignancy of choriocarcinoma. Immunohistochemistry showed that Griffonia simplicifolia lectin-II staining and GnT-IVa staining were intense in trophoblastic cells of invasive mole and choriocarcinoma. We established a choriocarcinoma cell line with GnT-IVa overexpression (Jar-GnT4a), and examined its malignant potential and target proteins for GnT-IVa glycosylation. GnT-IVa overexpression increased the cell migration and invasion (2.5- and 1.4-fold) as well as the ability to adhere to the extracellular matrix (ECM) components, including fibronectin and collagen type I and IV. The tumour formation potential of Jar-GnT4a in mice was significantly higher than that of control (P=0.0407), and the cumulative survival rate of mice with Jar-GnT4a was relatively lower than those with control. Immunoprecipitation studies showed that β1,4GlcNAc branches of N-glycans on integrin β1 in choriocarcinoma cells were increased by GnT-IVa overexpression. Nano-LC/MS/MS analysis suggested that lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 (LAMP-2) was a target protein for glycosylation by GnT-IVa. The increase in β1,4GlcNAc branches on LAMP-2 by GnT-IVa overexpression was confirmed by lectin blot analysis using whole cell lysate and conditioned medium. Our results suggest that highly branched N-glycans generated by the action of GnT-IVa are present in trophoblastic cells of GTN in proportion to GnT-IVa expression level, and that GnT-IVa may contribute to the malignancy of choriocarcinoma by promoting cell adhesion, migration and invasion through glycosylation of integrin β1 and LAMP-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimihiro Nishino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Eiko Yamamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kaoru Niimi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yoko Sekiya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yoriko Yamashita
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Kikkawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
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Hoja-Łukowicz D, Przybyło M, Duda M, Pocheć E, Bubka M. On the trail of the glycan codes stored in cancer-related cell adhesion proteins. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1861:3237-3257. [PMID: 27565356 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Changes in the profile of protein glycosylation are a hallmark of ongoing neoplastic transformation. A unique set of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens expressed on the surface of malignant cells may serve as powerful diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Cell-surface proteins with altered glycosylation affect the growth, proliferation and survival of those cells, and contribute to their acquisition of the ability to migrate and invade. They may also facilitate tumor-induced immunosuppression and the formation of distant metastases. Deciphering the information encoded in these particular glycan portions of glycoconjugates may shed light on the mechanisms of cancer progression and metastasis. A majority of the related review papers have focused on overall changes in the patterns of cell-surface glycans in various cancers, without pinpointing the molecular carriers of these glycan structures. The present review highlights the ways in which particular tumor-associated glycan(s) coupled with a given membrane-bound protein influence neoplastic cell behavior during the development and progression of cancer. We focus on altered glycosylated cell-adhesion molecules belonging to the cadherin, integrin and immunoglobulin-like superfamilies, examined in the context of molecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Hoja-Łukowicz
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, 9 Gronostajowa Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Przybyło
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, 9 Gronostajowa Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Duda
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, 9 Gronostajowa Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Ewa Pocheć
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, 9 Gronostajowa Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Monika Bubka
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, 9 Gronostajowa Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
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N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V inhibits the invasion of trophoblast cells by attenuating MMP2/9 activity in early human pregnancy. Placenta 2015; 36:1291-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2015.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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19
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Zhang M, Wang M, Gao R, Liu X, Chen X, Geng Y, Ding Y, Wang Y, He J. Altered β1,6-GlcNAc and bisecting GlcNAc-branched N-glycan on integrin β1 are associated with early spontaneous miscarriage in humans. Hum Reprod 2015; 30:2064-75. [PMID: 26109616 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dev153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Do N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (GnT-V) and N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GnT-III) play an important role in early spontaneous miscarriage (ESM) in humans. SUMMARY ANSWER The dynamic balance between GnT-V and GnT-III expression in chorionic villi differed between early normal pregnancy and ESM and was associated with altered β1,6-N-acetylglucosamine (β1,6-GlcNAc) and bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (bis-GlcNAc) branched N-glycans on integrin β1. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY GnT-V contributes to metastasis, while GnT-III is recognized as a metastasis suppressor. It has been reported that GnT-V contributes to placentation in the early phase of pregnancy, possibly regulating trophoblast invasion. However, the expressions of GnT-V and GnT-III in ESM have not been reported. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Villous samples from 6 to 9 weeks of gestation were collected in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from May 2013 to September 2014 from 60 normal pregnant women undergoing elective termination of pregnancy and from 40 patients with a clinical diagnosis of ESM. PARTICIPANTS, MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Quantitative PCR and western blots were used to examine the GnT-V and GnT-III mRNA (Mgat5 and Mgat3) and protein expression, respectively, of chorionic villi in both the ESM group and the normal group from week 6 to week 9. We used immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry to detect the location of GnT-V and GnT-III. Lectin fluorescence and histochemistry were used to test the location of β1,6-GlcNAc and bis-GlcNAc branching in the normal and ESM groups. To assess the functional capacity of GnT-V and GnT-III in the chorionic villi between the two groups, we used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit to measure the activity of these enzymes. Using co-precipitated integrin α5β1 followed by phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-L and PHA-E blotting, we investigated whether GnT-V and GnT-III could modify the N-glycosylation profile in terms of the β1,6-GlcNAc and bis-GlcNAc structures in integrin α5β1 during the first trimester in both groups. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE In the normal group expression and activity of GnT-V and the concentration of its product, β1,6-GlcNAc were higher at week 9 than at weeks 6, 7 and 8 (P < 0.05). In contrast, the expression and activity of GnT-III and the concentration of its product, bis-GlcNAc were higher at week 6 than at weeks 7, 8 and 9 (P < 0.05). Compared with the normal group, the ESM group exhibited a lower expression of GnT-V and β1,6-GlcNAc (P < 0.05) and a higher expression of GnT-III and bis-GlcNAc (P < 0.05) with consistent changes in enzymatic activity. Immunofluorescence showed that GnT-V was located mainly in the cytoplasm of syncytiotrophoblasts (STBs) and chorionic villous cytotrophoblasts (CTBs), in both the ESM group and the normal group. β1,6-GlcNAc N-glycan was mainly located outside of the STB and CTB layer in normal villi and was expressed only rarely in the ESM villi. GnT-III was expressed primarily in the cytoplasm of STBs and expressed only very weakly in the CTBs of normal villi, whereas it was highly expressed in both the STBs and CTBs in the ESM group. bis-GlcNAc was primarily located outside of the STBs in the normal villi, whereas it was expressed much more abundantly outside of both the STBs and CTBs in the ESM group at each week of gestation. Moreover, decreased β1,6-GlcNAc-branched N-glycans and increased bis-GlcNAc-branched N-glycans on integrin β1 (P < 0.05) were observed in the ESM group. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Our findings provide a new insight for studying the mechanism of clinical ESM in humans and it might be valuable for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of ESM. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The study lacks experiments in vitro to disclose the precise mechanism by which GnT-V and GnT-III regulate ESM. In some cases, degradation of the tissues after the miscarriage event cannot be ruled out. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31271546). The authors have no competing interests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Box 197, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Meirong Wang
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Box 197, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Rufei Gao
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Box 197, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Xueqing Liu
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Box 197, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Box 197, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yanqing Geng
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Box 197, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yubin Ding
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Box 197, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yingxiong Wang
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Box 197, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Junlin He
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Box 197, No. 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, PR China
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Liao WC, Liu CH, Chen CH, Hsu WM, Liao YY, Chang HM, Lan CT, Huang MC, Shyu MK. β-1,4-Galactosyltransferase III suppresses extravillous trophoblast invasion through modifying β1-integrin glycosylation. Placenta 2015; 36:357-64. [PMID: 25659296 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2015.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glycosylation controls diverse protein functions and regulates various cellular phenotypes. Trophoblast invasion is essential for normal placental development. However, the role of glycosylation in human placenta throughout pregnancy is still unclear. The β-1,4-galactosyltransferase III (B4GALT3) has been found to regulate cancer cell invasion. We therefore investigated the expression of B4GALT3 in placenta and its roles in trophoblast. METHODS B4GALT3 protein expression was examined by quantitative Western blotting analysis in human placentas. For identification of B4GALT3-positive cells in normal human placenta, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence methods were used. To investigate effects of B4GALT3 on extravillous trophoblast (EVT)-like cell and primary EVT cells, we analyzed cell growth, adhesion, migration, and invasion in mock and B4GALT3-transfected cell. RESULTS B4GALT3 expression significantly increased in third trimester human placenta. Immunostaining revealed that B4GALT3 expressed in placental villous cytotrophoblast, syncytiotrophoblast, and a subpopulation of EVT cells throughout pregnancy. Interestingly, we found increases in the expression level and percentage of B4GALT3-positive cells in third trimester EVT, but not in syncytiotrophoblasts and cytotrophoblasts of placental villi. Overexpression of B4GALT3 in HTR8/SVneo cells and primary trophoblast cells significantly suppressed cell migration. In addition, B4GALT3 suppressed cell invasion, and enhanced cell adhesion to laminin in HTR8/SVneo cells. Notably, we found that B4GALT3 modified glycans on β1-integrin, suppressed focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling, and enhanced β1-integrin degradation. DISCUSSION We propose that B4GALT3-mediated glycosylation change not only enhances β1-integrin binding to laminin, but also attenuates β1-integrin stability. Our findings suggest that B4GALT3 is a critical regulator for suppressing EVT invasion in the late stages of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- W-C Liao
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - C-H Liu
- Research and Development Center for Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - C-H Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - W-M Hsu
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospitaland College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Y-Y Liao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - H-M Chang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-T Lan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - M-C Huang
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - M-K Shyu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
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LIF upregulates poFUT1 expression and promotes trophoblast cell migration and invasion at the fetal-maternal interface. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1396. [PMID: 25165882 PMCID: PMC4454310 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Trophoblast cell migration and invasion are crucial for the establishment of a successful pregnancy. Protein O-fucosyltransferases, such as poFUT1 and poFUT2, catalyze the O-fucosylation of proteins and have important roles in embryonic development. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a critical cytokine in the regulation of embryonic development and implantation. However, the exact roles of poFUTs in embryo migration and invasion and the effects of LIF on the expression of poFUTs have not been studied in detail. In the current study, we showed that poFUT1 and LIF were highly expressed in human trophoblast cells and in the serum of women during the first trimester of a normal pregnancy. However, in patients with threatened abortion, poFUT1 and LIF levels were found to be reduced. There were no significant differences in the expression levels of poFUT2 between the two groups. The migration and invasion potential of trophoblasts in an explant culture and in an in vitro implantation model was decreased or increased upon altering poFUT1 expression levels by siRNA or cDNA transfection. Our results also revealed that LIF upregulated the expression of poFUT1. The upregulation of poFUT1 by LIF promoted trophoblast cell migration and invasion at the fetal–maternal interface by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Taken together, these study findings suggest that poFUT1 may be used as a marker of embryo implantation.
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Li N, Xu H, Fan K, Liu X, Qi J, Zhao C, Yin P, Wang L, Li Z, Zha X. Altered β1,6-GlcNAc branched N-glycans impair TGF-β-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition through Smad signalling pathway in human lung cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2014; 18:1975-91. [PMID: 24913443 PMCID: PMC4244013 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The change of oligosaccharide structure has been revealed to be crucial for glycoproteins' biological functions and cell biological characteristics. N-acetylglucosaminy transferase V (GnT-V), a key enzyme catalysing the reaction of adding β1, 6-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) on asparagine-linked oligosaccharides of cell proteins, has been implicated to a metastastic-promoting oncoprotein in some carcinomas. However, this correlation might not be subjected to all types of cancers, for example, in non-small cell lung cancers, low level of GnT-V expression is associated with relatively short survival time and poor prognosis. To explain the role of GnT-V in lung cancer progression, we studied the association of GnT-V expression with lung cancer EMT behaviour. We found that GnT-V expression was correlated with epithelial marker positively and mesenchymal marker negatively. GnT-V levels, as well as β1,6-GlcNAc branched N-glycans, were strongly reduced in TGF-β1-induced EMT of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. Further studies showed that suppression of β1,6-GlcNAc branched N-glycans by inhibitor or GnT-V silencing in A549 cells could promote TGF-β1-induced EMT-like changes, cell migration and invasion. Meanwhile, overexpression of GnT-V impaired TGF-β1-induced EMT, migration and invasion. It suggests that GnT-V suppresses the EMT process of lung cancer cells through inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad signalling and its downstream transcription factors in a GnT-V catalytic activity–dependent manner. Taken together, the present study reveals a novel mechanism of GnT-V as a suppressor of both EMT and invasion in human lung cancer cells, which may be useful for fully understanding N-glycan's biological roles in lung cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Chen CH, Wang SH, Liu CH, Wu YL, Wang WJ, Huang J, Hung JS, Lai IR, Liang JT, Huang MC. β-1,4-Galactosyltransferase III suppresses β1 integrin-mediated invasive phenotypes and negatively correlates with metastasis in colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis 2014; 35:1258-66. [PMID: 24403309 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgu007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis often occurs in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and is the main difficulty in cancer treatment. The upregulation of poly-N-acetyllactosamine-related glycosylation is found in CRC patients and is associated with progression and metastasis in cancer. β-1,4-Galactosyltransferase III (B4GALT3) is an enzyme responsible for poly-N-acetyllactosamine synthesis, and therefore, we investigated its expression in CRC patients. We found that B4GALT3 negatively correlated with poorly differentiated histology (P < 0.001), advanced stages (P = 0.0052), regional lymph node metastasis (P = 0.0018) and distant metastasis (P = 0.0463) in CRC patients. B4GALT3 overexpression in CRC cells suppressed cell migration, invasion and adhesion, whereas B4GALT3 knockdown enhanced malignant cell phenotypes. The β1 integrin-blocking antibody reversed the B4GALT3-mediated increase in cell invasion. B4GALT3 expression altered glycosylation on the N-glycan of β1 integrin probably through changes in poly-N-acetyllactosamine expression. Furthermore, more activated β1 integrin along with the activation of its downstream signaling transduction were found in B4GALT3 knockdown cells, whereas overexpression of B4GALT3 suppressed the expression of active β1 integrin and inhibited its downstream signaling. Our results suggest that B4GALT3 is negatively associated with CRC metastasis and suppresses cell invasiveness through inhibiting activation of β1 integrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hua Chen
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Shui-Hua Wang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Hui Liu
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Wu
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jen Wang
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | | | - Ji-Shiang Hung
- Department of Surgery and Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10048, Taiwan and
| | - I-Rue Lai
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10051, Taiwan, Department of Surgery and
| | | | - Min-Chuan Huang
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10051, Taiwan, Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10041, Taiwan
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Ermini L, Bhattacharjee J, Spagnoletti A, Bechi N, Aldi S, Ferretti C, Bianchi L, Bini L, Rosati F, Paulesu L, Ietta F. Oxygen governs Galβ1-3GalNAc epitope in human placenta. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2013; 305:C931-40. [PMID: 23948708 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00407.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
It is becoming increasingly apparent that the dynamics of glycans reflect the physiological state of cells involved in several cell functions including growth, response to signal molecules, migration, as well as adhesion to, interaction with, and recognition of other cells. The presence of glycoconjugates in human placenta suggests their major role in maternal-fetal exchanges, intercellular adhesion, cellular metabolism, and villous vessel branching. Although several studies have described glycoconjugate distribution in the human placenta descriptions of their physiological function and control mechanisms during placental development are lacking. In this study we investigated the developmental distribution and regulation of placental core 1 O- and N-glycans focusing on early and late first trimester human pregnancy. To define the control mechanisms of the oligosaccharide chains during early placentation process, chorionic villous explants and human trophoblast cell lines were exposed to various oxygen levels. We found that oxygen tension regulates changes in core-1 O-glycan (the disaccharide Galβ1-3GalNAc) epitope expression levels. Moreover, by double affinity chromatography and subsequent analysis with mass spectrometry, we identified in the heat shock protein 90-α (HSP90α) a good candidate as carrier of the Galβ1-3GalNAc epitope at low oxygen tension. Our results support a fundamental role of oxygen tension in modulating glycosylation of proteins during placental development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Ermini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy; and
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Springer SA, Gagneux P. Glycan evolution in response to collaboration, conflict, and constraint. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:6904-11. [PMID: 23329843 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.r112.424523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycans, oligo- and polysaccharides secreted or attached to proteins and lipids, cover the surfaces of all cells and have a regulatory capacity and structural diversity beyond any other class of biological molecule. Glycans may have evolved these properties because they mediate cellular interactions and often face pressure to evolve new functions rapidly. We approach this idea two ways. First, we discuss evolutionary innovation. Glycan synthesis, regulation, and mode of chemical interaction influence the spectrum of new forms presented to evolution. Second, we describe the evolutionary conflicts that arise when alleles and individuals interact. Glycan regulation and diversity are integral to these biological negotiations. Glycans are tasked with such an amazing diversity of functions that no study of cellular interaction can begin without considering them. We propose that glycans predominate the cell surface because their physical and chemical properties allow the rapid innovation required of molecules on the frontlines of evolutionary conflict.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stevan A Springer
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0687 USA
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Niimi K, Yamamoto E, Fujiwara S, Shinjo K, Kotani T, Umezu T, Kajiyama H, Shibata K, Ino K, Kikkawa F. High expression of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase IVa promotes invasion of choriocarcinoma. Br J Cancer 2012; 107:1969-77. [PMID: 23169300 PMCID: PMC3516685 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2012.496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTDs) are related to trophoblasts, and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is secreted by GTDs as well as normal placentas. However, the asparagine-linked sugar chains on hCG contain abnormal biantennary structures in invasive mole and choriocarcinoma, but not normal pregnancy or hydatidiform mole. N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-IV (GnT-IV) catalyses β1,4-N-acetylglucosamine branching on asparagine-linked oligosaccharides, which are consistent with the abnormal sugar chain structures on hCG. Methods: We investigated GnT-IVa expression in GTDs and placentas by immunohistochemistry, western blot, and RT–PCR. We assessed the effects of GnT-IVa knockdown in choriocarcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Results: The GnT-IVa was highly expressed in trophoblasts of invasive mole and choriocarcinoma, and moderately in extravillous trophoblasts during the first trimester, but not in hydatidiform mole or other normal trophoblasts. The GnT-IVa knockdown in choriocarcinoma cells significantly reduced migration and invasive capacities, and suppressed cellular adhesion to extracellular matrix proteins. The extent of β1,4-N-acetylglucosamine branching on β1 integrin was greatly reduced by GnT-IVa knockdown, although the expression of β1 integrin was not changed. In vivo studies further demonstrated that GnT-IVa knockdown suppressed tumour engraftment and growth. Conclusion: These findings suggest that GnT-IVa is involved in regulating invasion of choriocarcinoma through modifications of the oligosaccharide chains of β1 integrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Niimi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
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YANG HUOMEI, YU CHAO, YANG ZHU. N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V negatively regulates integrin α5β1-mediated monocyte adhesion and transmigration through vascular endothelium. Int J Oncol 2012; 41:589-98. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2012.1484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Genome wide expression profile in human HTR-8/Svneo trophoblastic cells in response to overexpression of placental alkaline phosphatase gene. Placenta 2011; 32:771-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2011.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2011] [Revised: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Godbole G, Suman P, Gupta SK, Modi D. Decidualized endometrial stromal cell derived factors promote trophoblast invasion. Fertil Steril 2010; 95:1278-83. [PMID: 21067732 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2010] [Revised: 08/16/2010] [Accepted: 09/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of decidua-derived factors on trophoblast invasion. DESIGN Experimental study. SETTINGS Research institute. PATIENT(S) In vitro decidualized human endometrial cells, trophoblast cell lines JEG-3, and ACH-3P. INTERVENTION(S) The effect of decidual conditioned medium (DCM) on the invasion of trophoblast cells lines via JEG-3 and ACH-3P was investigated using a Matrigel invasion assay. The changes in expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) and integrins in response to DCM in the trophoblast cells was also evaluated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Response of the trophoblast cells to the conditioned medium from decidual cells in terms of their invasive capability, and expression on invasion related molecules was measured. RESULT(S) DCM increased the invasion of both the cell lines by approximately 1.8-2.2-fold, compared with control condition medium. The increase in invasion was associated with elevated levels of MMP2, MMP3, and MMP9 mRNA and increased activity of MMP2 and MMP9 in DCM-treated ACH-3P, but not JEG-3 cells. DCM treatment led to a reduction in TIMP1 and TIMP3 and increased TIMP2 mRNA in JEG-3, cells but not ACH-3P cells. Compared with CCM-treated controls, DCM treatment led to a significant increase in the mRNA expression of integrin α5 and α6, but not integrin αV subunit in both cell lines. CONCLUSION(S) Decidua-derived factors increase the invasiveness of trophoblast cell lines and alter the expression of integrins, MMPs, and TIMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geeta Godbole
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Parel, Mumbai, India
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Tartakover-Matalon S, Mizrahi A, Epstein G, Shneifi A, Drucker L, Pomeranz M, Fishman A, Radnay J, Lishner M. Breast cancer characteristics are modified by first trimester human placenta: in vitro co-culture study. Hum Reprod 2010; 25:2441-54. [PMID: 20719812 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deq227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnant women with breast cancer present with a more advanced disease compared with non-pregnant women. Nevertheless, breast cancer metastasis to the placenta is rare. Trophoblast/tumor implantations share the same biochemical mediators, while only the first is stringently controlled. We hypothesized that the same mechanisms that affect/restrain placental implantation may inhibit metastatic growth in the placenta. We aimed to analyze the effects of human placenta on breast cancer cells. METHODS First trimester human placental explants were co-cultured with MCF-7/T47D-eGFP tagged cells. Following culture, placenta/cancer cells/both were fixed, paraffin embedded and sliced for immunohistochemical analysis or sorted by their eGFP expression for future analysis. The tested parameters were: proliferation (immunohistochemistry)/cell cycle (FACS), apoptosis (immunohistochemistry/FACS), cell count/adhesion/distribution around the placenta (cell sorter, visual observation and counting), matrix metalloproteinase activity (zymogram) and estrogen receptor (ER) expression (western blotting, immunohistochemistry). RESULTS Reduced breast cancer cell numbers (45%↓, 48%↓ for MCF-7/T47D, respectively, P < 0.05) were observed near the placenta. The placenta elevated MCF-7 sub-G1 phase and modestly elevated apoptosis (3-17%↑ for T47D/MCF-7, respectively, P < 0.05). Our findings demonstrate breast cancer cell migration from the placenta as: (i) T47D/MCF-7 cells changed their morphology to that of motile cells; (ii) elevated MMPs activity was found in the co-culture; (iii) placental soluble factors detached breast cancer cells; and (4) the placenta reduced MCF-7/T47D cells' ER expression (a characteristic of motile cells). CONCLUSIONS MCF-7/T47D cells are eliminated from the placental surroundings. Analyzing the causes of these phenomena may suggest biological pathways for this event and raise new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tartakover-Matalon
- Oncogenetic Laboratory, Meir Medical Center, 45 Tschernehovski St, Kfar Saba 44281, Israel.
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Janik ME, Lityńska A, Vereecken P. Cell migration-the role of integrin glycosylation. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2010; 1800:545-55. [PMID: 20332015 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2010.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Revised: 03/11/2010] [Accepted: 03/17/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell migration is an essential process in organ homeostasis, in inflammation, and also in metastasis, the main cause of death from cancer. The extracellular matrix (ECM) serves as the molecular scaffold for cell adhesion and migration; in the first phase of migration, adhesion of cells to the ECM is critical. Engagement of integrin receptors with ECM ligands gives rise to the formation of complex multiprotein structures which link the ECM to the cytoplasmic actin skeleton. Both ECM proteins and the adhesion receptors are glycoproteins, and it is well accepted that N-glycans modulate their conformation and activity, thereby affecting cell-ECM interactions. Likely targets for glycosylation are the integrins, whose ability to form functional dimers depends upon the presence of N-linked oligosaccharides. Cell migratory behavior may depend on the level of expression of adhesion proteins, and their N-glycosylation that affect receptor-ligand binding. SCOPE OF REVIEW The mechanism underlying the effect of integrin glycosylation on migration is still unknown, but results gained from integrins with artificial or mutated N-glycosylation sites provide evidence that integrin function can be regulated by changes in glycosylation. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE A better understanding of the molecular mechanism of cell migration processes could lead to novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches and applications. For this, the proteins and oligosaccharides involved in these events need to be characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelina E Janik
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
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Ryu MH, Park HM, Chung J, Lee CH, Park HR. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha mediates oral squamous cell carcinoma invasion via upregulation of alpha5 integrin and fibronectin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 393:11-5. [PMID: 20097172 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.01.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2010] [Accepted: 01/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
With progressive and rapid growth of malignant tumors, cancer cells in an ischemic condition are expected to develop an increased potential for local invasive growth. To address this hypothesis, we first examined the effect of hypoxia on the invasiveness of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells using the Matrigel invasion assay. We then investigated the effect of hypoxia on the protein and mRNA expression of alpha5 integrin and fibronectin, which are major factors involved in tumor cell invasion. We showed that (i) hypoxia increased the invasiveness of OSCC cells, (ii) alpha5 integrin and fibronectin protein and mRNA expression levels were increased in OSCC cells under hypoxic conditions, (iii) hypoxia stimulated autocrine secretion of fibronectin in OSCC cells, (iv) administration of siRNA(HIF-1alpha) caused a significant decrease in alpha5 integrin and fibronectin protein, confirming that HIF-1alpha plays a role in their induction, and (v) siRNA(HIF-1alpha) abrogated hypoxia-induced cell invasion. Collectively, these data suggest that hypoxia promotes OSCC cell invasion that is elicited by HIF-1alpha-dependent alpha5 integrin and fibronectin induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Heon Ryu
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Beomeo-ri, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 626-870, South Korea
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Lam KK, Chiu PC, Chung MK, Lee CL, Lee KF, Koistinen R, Koistinen H, Seppala M, Ho PC, Yeung WS. Glycodelin-A as a modulator of trophoblast invasion. Hum Reprod 2009; 24:2093-103. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dep205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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