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She J, Tuerhongjiang G, Guo M, Liu J, Hao X, Guo L, Liu N, Xi W, Zheng T, Du B, Lou B, Gao X, Yuan X, Yu Y, Zhang Y, Gao F, Zhuo X, Xiong Y, Zhang X, Yu J, Yuan Z, Wu Y. Statins aggravate insulin resistance through reduced blood glucagon-like peptide-1 levels in a microbiota-dependent manner. Cell Metab 2024; 36:408-421.e5. [PMID: 38325336 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Statins are currently the most common cholesterol-lowering drug, but the underlying mechanism of statin-induced hyperglycemia is unclear. To investigate whether the gut microbiome and its metabolites contribute to statin-associated glucose intolerance, we recruited 30 patients with atorvastatin and 10 controls, followed up for 16 weeks, and found a decreased abundance of the genus Clostridium in feces and altered serum and fecal bile acid profiles among patients with atorvastatin therapy. Animal experiments validated that statin could induce glucose intolerance, and transplantation of Clostridium sp. and supplementation of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) could ameliorate statin-induced glucose intolerance. Furthermore, oral UDCA administration in humans alleviated the glucose intolerance without impairing the lipid-lowering effect. Our study demonstrated that the statin-induced hyperglycemic effect was attributed to the Clostridium sp.-bile acids axis and provided important insights into adjuvant therapy of UDCA to lower the adverse risk of statin therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqing She
- Cardiovascular Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Cardiometabolic Innovation Center, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; MED-X Institute, Center for Immunological and Metabolic Diseases (CIMD), First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gulinigaer Tuerhongjiang
- Cardiovascular Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Manyun Guo
- Cardiovascular Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junhui Liu
- Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiang Hao
- Cardiovascular Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liangan Guo
- Cardiovascular Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Nairong Liu
- Cardiovascular Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wen Xi
- Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tao Zheng
- Cardiovascular Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bin Du
- Cardiovascular Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bowen Lou
- Cardiovascular Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiyu Gao
- Cardiovascular Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao Yuan
- Cardiovascular Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Cardiovascular Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- MED-X Institute, Center for Immunological and Metabolic Diseases (CIMD), First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fan Gao
- Clinical Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaozhen Zhuo
- Cardiovascular Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Cardiometabolic Innovation Center, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Cardiovascular Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Cardiometabolic Innovation Center, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics and Institute of Digestive Disease, The State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics and Institute of Digestive Disease, The State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Zuyi Yuan
- Cardiovascular Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Cardiometabolic Innovation Center, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yue Wu
- Cardiovascular Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Cardiometabolic Innovation Center, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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Kakiyama G, Rodriguez-Agudo D, Pandak WM. Mitochondrial Cholesterol Metabolites in a Bile Acid Synthetic Pathway Drive Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Revised "Two-Hit" Hypothesis. Cells 2023; 12:1434. [PMID: 37408268 DOI: 10.3390/cells12101434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The rising prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-related cirrhosis highlights the need for a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for driving the transition of hepatic steatosis (fatty liver; NAFL) to steatohepatitis (NASH) and fibrosis/cirrhosis. Obesity-related insulin resistance (IR) is a well-known hallmark of early NAFLD progression, yet the mechanism linking aberrant insulin signaling to hepatocyte inflammation has remained unclear. Recently, as a function of more distinctly defining the regulation of mechanistic pathways, hepatocyte toxicity as mediated by hepatic free cholesterol and its metabolites has emerged as fundamental to the subsequent necroinflammation/fibrosis characteristics of NASH. More specifically, aberrant hepatocyte insulin signaling, as found with IR, leads to dysregulation in bile acid biosynthetic pathways with the subsequent intracellular accumulation of mitochondrial CYP27A1-derived cholesterol metabolites, (25R)26-hydroxycholesterol and 3β-Hydroxy-5-cholesten-(25R)26-oic acid, which appear to be responsible for driving hepatocyte toxicity. These findings bring forth a "two-hit" interpretation as to how NAFL progresses to NAFLD: abnormal hepatocyte insulin signaling, as occurs with IR, develops as a "first hit" that sequentially drives the accumulation of toxic CYP27A1-driven cholesterol metabolites as the "second hit". In the following review, we examine the mechanistic pathway by which mitochondria-derived cholesterol metabolites drive the development of NASH. Insights into mechanistic approaches for effective NASH intervention are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genta Kakiyama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
- Research Services, Central Virginia Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Richmond, VA 23249, USA
| | - Daniel Rodriguez-Agudo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
- Research Services, Central Virginia Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Richmond, VA 23249, USA
| | - William M Pandak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
- Research Services, Central Virginia Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Richmond, VA 23249, USA
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Su X, Gao Y, Yang R. Gut microbiota derived bile acid metabolites maintain the homeostasis of gut and systemic immunity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1127743. [PMID: 37256134 PMCID: PMC10225537 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1127743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) as cholesterol-derived molecules play an essential role in some physiological processes such as nutrient absorption, glucose homeostasis and regulation of energy expenditure. They are synthesized in the liver as primary BAs such as cholic acid (CA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) and conjugated forms. A variety of secondary BAs such as deoxycholic acid (DCA) and lithocholic acid (LCA) and their derivatives is synthesized in the intestine through the involvement of various microorganisms. In addition to essential physiological functions, BAs and their metabolites are also involved in the differentiation and functions of innate and adaptive immune cells such as macrophages (Macs), dendritic cells (DCs), myeloid derived suppressive cells (MDSCs), regulatory T cells (Treg), Breg cells, T helper (Th)17 cells, CD4 Th1 and Th2 cells, CD8 cells, B cells and NKT cells. Dysregulation of the BAs and their metabolites also affects development of some diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases. We here summarize recent advances in how BAs and their metabolites maintain gut and systemic homeostasis, including the metabolism of the BAs and their derivatives, the role of BAs and their metabolites in the differentiation and function of immune cells, and the effects of BAs and their metabolites on immune-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Su
- Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunhuan Gao
- Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rongcun Yang
- Translational Medicine Institute, Affiliated Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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Renin–Angiotensin System in Liver Metabolism: Gender Differences and Role of Incretins. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12050411. [PMID: 35629915 PMCID: PMC9143858 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12050411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The impaired hepatic lipids and carbohydrates metabolism result in various metabolic disorders, including obesity, diabetes, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia and metabolic syndrome. The renin–angiotensin system (RAS) has been identified in the liver and it is now recognized as an important modulator of body metabolic processes. This review is intended to provide an update of the impact of the renin–angiotensin system on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, regarding gender difference and prenatal undernutrition, specifically focused on the role of the liver. The discovery of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has renewed interest in the potential therapeutic role of RAS modulation. RAS is over activated in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has been shown to modulate RAS. The GLP-I analogue liraglutide antagonizes hepatocellular steatosis and exhibits liver protection. Liraglutide has a negative effect on the ACE/AngII/AT1R axis and a positive impact on the ACE2/Ang(1-7)/Mas axis. Activation of the ACE2/Ang(1-7)/Mas counter-regulatory axis is able to prevent liver injuries. Angiotensin(1-7) and ACE2 shows more favorable effects on lipid homeostasis in males but there is a need to do more investigation in female models. Prenatal undernutrition exerts long-term effects in the liver of offspring and is associated with a number of metabolic and endocrine alterations. These findings provide a novel therapeutic regimen to prevent and treat many chronic diseases by accelerating the effect of the ACE2/Ang1-7/Mas axis and inhibiting the ACE/AngII/AT1R axis.
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Kozuka C, Efthymiou V, Sales VM, Zhou L, Osataphan S, Yuchi Y, Chimene-Weiss J, Mulla C, Isganaitis E, Desmond J, Sanechika S, Kusuyama J, Goodyear L, Shi X, Gerszten RE, Aguayo-Mazzucato C, Carapeto P, Teixeira SD, Sandoval D, Alonso-Curbelo D, Wu L, Qi J, Patti ME. Bromodomain Inhibition Reveals FGF15/19 As a Target of Epigenetic Regulation and Metabolic Control. Diabetes 2022; 71:1023-1033. [PMID: 35100352 PMCID: PMC9044127 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation is an important factor in glucose metabolism, but underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here we investigated epigenetic control of systemic metabolism by bromodomain-containing proteins (Brds), which are transcriptional regulators binding to acetylated histone, in both intestinal cells and mice treated with the bromodomain inhibitor JQ-1. In vivo treatment with JQ-1 resulted in hyperglycemia and severe glucose intolerance. Whole-body or tissue-specific insulin sensitivity was not altered by JQ-1; however, JQ-1 treatment reduced insulin secretion during both in vivo glucose tolerance testing and ex vivo incubation of isolated islets. JQ-1 also inhibited expression of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 15 in the ileum and decreased FGF receptor 4-related signaling in the liver. These adverse metabolic effects of Brd4 inhibition were fully reversed by in vivo overexpression of FGF19, with normalization of hyperglycemia. At a cellular level, we demonstrate Brd4 binds to the promoter region of FGF19 in human intestinal cells; Brd inhibition by JQ-1 reduces FGF19 promoter binding and downregulates FGF19 expression. Thus, we identify Brd4 as a novel transcriptional regulator of intestinal FGF15/19 in ileum and FGF signaling in the liver and a contributor to the gut-liver axis and systemic glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisayo Kozuka
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Vissarion Efthymiou
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Vicencia M. Sales
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Liyuan Zhou
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
| | - Soravis Osataphan
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Yixing Yuchi
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jeremy Chimene-Weiss
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
| | - Christopher Mulla
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Elvira Isganaitis
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jessica Desmond
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
| | - Suzuka Sanechika
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
| | - Joji Kusuyama
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Laurie Goodyear
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Xu Shi
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Robert E. Gerszten
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Cardiology Division, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Cristina Aguayo-Mazzucato
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Priscila Carapeto
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | | | - Direna Alonso-Curbelo
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Lei Wu
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Jun Qi
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Mary-Elizabeth Patti
- Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Liu J, Zhao H, Yang L, Wang X, Yang L, Xing Y, Lv X, Ma H, Song G. The role of CD36-Fabp4-PPARγ in skeletal muscle involves insulin resistance in intrauterine growth retardation mice with catch-up growth. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:10. [PMID: 34983495 PMCID: PMC8725347 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-021-00921-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have shown that the high incidence of type 2 diabetes in China is associated with low birth weight and excessive nutrition in adulthood, which occurred during the famine years of the 1950s and 1960s, though the specific molecular mechanisms are unclear. In this study, we proposed a severe maternal caloric restriction during late pregnancy, followed by a post weaning high-fat diet in mice. After weaning, normal and high-fat diets were provided to mice to simulate the dietary pattern of modern society. METHODS The pregnant mice were divided into two groups: normal birth weight (NBW) group and low birth weight (LBW) group. After 3 weeks for weaning, the male offspring mice in the NBW and LBW groups were then randomly divided into four subgroups: NC, NH, LC and LC groups. The offspring mice in the NC, NH, LC and LC groups were respectively fed with normal diet, normal diet, high-fat diet and high-fat diet for 18 weeks. After 18 weeks of dietary intervention, detailed analyses of mRNA and protein expression patterns, signaling pathway activities, and promoter methylation states were conducted for all relevant genes. RESULTS After dietary intervention for 18 weeks, the expressions of CD36, Fabp4, PPARγ, FAS, and ACC1 in the skeletal muscle tissue of the LH group were significantly increased compared with the LC and NH groups (P < 0.05). The level of p-AMPK/AMPK in the skeletal muscle tissue of the LH group was significantly decreased compared with the LC and NH groups (P < 0.05). CPT1 and PGC-1α protein expressions were up-regulated in the LH group (P < 0.05) compared to the LC group. Additionally, the DNA methylation levels of the PGC-1α and GLUT4 gene promoters in the skeletal muscle of the LH groups were higher than those of the LC and NH groups (P < 0.05). However, PPARγ DNA methylation level in the LH group was lower than those of the LC and NH groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS LBW combined with high-fat diets may increase insulin resistance and diabetes through regulating the CD36-related Fabp4-PPARγ and AMPK/ACC signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, China
| | - Hang Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, China
| | - Linlin Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, China
| | - Linquan Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, China
| | - Yuling Xing
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Xiuqin Lv
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Huijuan Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China.
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, China.
| | - Guangyao Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China.
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, China.
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Zhang S, Dang Y. Roles of gut microbiota and metabolites in overweight and obesity of children. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:994930. [PMID: 36157438 PMCID: PMC9492854 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.994930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents is an increasing public health problem. Pediatric overweight and obesity result from multiple factors, including genetic background, diet, and lifestyle. In addition, the gut microbiota and their metabolites play crucial roles in the progression of overweight and obesity of children. Therefore, we reviewed the roles of gut microbiota in overweight/obese children. The relationship between pediatric overweight/obesity and gut metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids, medium-chain fatty acids, amino acids, amines, and bile acids, are also summarized. Targeting gut microbiota and metabolites might be a promising strategy for interventions aimed at reducing pediatric overweight/obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengan Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases (ccCRDD), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqi Dang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases (ccCRDD), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yanqi Dang, ,
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Wang J, Yang L, Yang L, Zhou F, Zhao H, Liu J, Ma H, Song G. Adipose Dysfunction in Adulthood Insulin Resistance of Low-Birth Weight Mice: A Proteomics Study. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:849-862. [PMID: 35321351 PMCID: PMC8935771 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s353095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate changes in the protein expression profile of white adipose tissue in low-birth weight (LBW) mice with high-fat diets using tandem mass tag (TMT) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM). METHODS Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were used to establish an LBW model using malnutrition during pregnancy. Male pups were randomly selected from LBW and normal-birth weight (NBW) offspring, then all given a high-fat diet. Blood glucose, serum insulin, total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels were measured. The weight ratio of liver, muscle, and adiposity index were calculated. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to visualize adipose tissue morphology. Oil red O staining of liver and TG content of muscle were used to determine ectopic lipid deposition. TMT combined with LC-MS/MS was used to analyze protein expression in white adipose tissue. PRM and Western blot were used to verify the expression of CD36, SCD1, PCK1 and PPARγ. RESULTS Compared with NBW mice, fasting blood glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR significantly increased in LBW mice, indicating insulin resistance and impaired glucose regulation; TC, TG, adipocyte size, and adiposity index were increased in LBW mice, suggesting obesity and disorder of lipid metabolism. We observed ectopic lipid deposition in liver and muscle. There were 996 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the LBW/NBW groups. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) was a relatively important signaling pathway regulating metabolic process in functional enrichment analysis of DEPs. Up-regulated expression of CD36, SCD1, and PCK1 in the adipose tissue of LBW mice was observed through PPAR pathways cluster analysis. And PRM and Western blot assay validated the proteomics findings. CONCLUSION When exposed to high-fat diets, LBW mice exhibited insulin resistance and disorder of lipid metabolism compared with NBW mice. The expression of PPARγ was elevated, as well as upstream CD36, downstream SCD1 and PCK1 of the PPARγ in the adipose tissue of LBW mice. It was suggested that the activation in CD36/PPARγ/SCD1 and CD36/PPARγ/PCK1 pathways may induce adipose dysfunction, thereby increasing susceptibility to insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Emergency, Baoding First Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Linlin Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Linquan Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hang Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huijuan Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Huijuan Ma, Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, 348 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People’s Republic of China, Email
| | - Guangyao Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
- Guangyao Song, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, 348 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People’s Republic of China, Email
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9
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Qi M, Tan B, Wang J, Liao S, Deng Y, Ji P, Song T, Zha A, Yin Y. The microbiota-gut-brain axis: A novel nutritional therapeutic target for growth retardation. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:4867-4892. [PMID: 33523720 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1879004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Growth retardation (GR), which commonly occurs in childhood, is a major health concern globally. However, the specific mechanism remains unclear. It has been increasingly recognized that changes in the gut microbiota may lead to GR through affecting the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Microbiota interacts with multiple factors such as birth to affect the growth of individuals. Microbiota communicates with the nerve system through chemical signaling (direct entry into the circulation system or stimulation of enteroendocrine cells) and nervous signaling (interaction with enteric nerve system and vagus nerve), which modulates appetite and immune response. Besides, they may also influence the function of enteric glial cells or lymphocytes and levels of systemic inflammatory cytokines. Environmental stress may cause leaky gut through perturbing the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis to further result in GR. Nutritional therapies involving probiotics and pre-/postbiotics are being investigated for helping the patients to overcome GR. In this review, we summarize the role of microbiota in GR with human and animal models. Then, existing and potential regulatory mechanisms are reviewed, especially the effect of microbiota-gut-brain axis. Finally, we propose nutritional therapeutic strategies for GR by the intervention of microbiota-gut-brain axis, which may provide novel perspectives for the treatment of GR in humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Qi
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bie Tan
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Simeng Liao
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuankun Deng
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Peng Ji
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Tongxing Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Andong Zha
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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10
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Chen MJ, Liu C, Wan Y, Yang L, Jiang S, Qian DW, Duan JA. Enterohepatic circulation of bile acids and their emerging roles on glucolipid metabolism. Steroids 2021; 165:108757. [PMID: 33161055 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2020.108757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) are amphiphilic molecules with a nonpolar steroid carbon skeleton and a polar carboxylate side chain. Recently, BAs have aroused the attention of scholars due to their potential roles on metabolic diseases. As important endogenous ligands, BAs are wildly active in the enterohepatic circulation, during which microbiota play a significant role in promoting the hydrolysis and dehydroxylation of BAs. Besides, many pathways initiated by BAs including glucolipid metabolism and inflammation signaling pathways have been reported to regulate the host metabolism and maintain immune homeostasis. Herein, the characteristics on the enterohepatic circulation and metabolism of BAs are systematically summarized. Moreover, the regulation mechanism of the glucolipid metabolism by BAs is intensively discussed. Worthily, FXR and TGR5, which are involved in glucolipid metabolism, are the prime candidates for targeted therapies of chronic metabolic diseases such as diabetes and hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Jun Chen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Chen Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Yue Wan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Lei Yang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Shu Jiang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Da-Wei Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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11
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Yang L, Yang L, Wang X, Xing H, Zhao H, Xing Y, Zhou F, Wang C, Song G, Ma H. Exploring the Multi-Tissue Crosstalk Relevant to Insulin Resistance Through Network-Based Analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:756785. [PMID: 35116003 PMCID: PMC8805208 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.756785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is a precursor event that occurs in multiple organs and underpins many metabolic disorders. However, due to the lack of effective means to systematically explore and interpret disease-related tissue crosstalk, the tissue communication mechanism in pathogenesis of IR has not been elucidated yet. To solve this issue, we profiled all proteins in white adipose tissue (WAT), liver, and skeletal muscle of a high fat diet induced IR mouse model via proteomics. A network-based approach was proposed to explore IR related tissue communications. The cross-tissue interface was constructed, in which the inter-tissue connections and also their up and downstream processes were particularly inspected. By functional quantification, liver was recognized as the only organ that can output abnormal carbohydrate metabolic signals, clearly highlighting its central role in regulation of glucose homeostasis. Especially, the CD36-PPAR axis in liver and WAT was identified and verified as a potential bridge that links cross-tissue signals with intracellular metabolism, thereby promoting the progression of IR through a PCK1-mediated lipotoxicity mechanism. The cross-tissue mechanism unraveled in this study not only provides novel insights into the pathogenesis of IR, but also is conducive to development of precision therapies against various IR associated diseases. With further improvement, our network-based cross-tissue analytic method would facilitate other disease-related tissue crosstalk study in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Shijiazhuang, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Linquan Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Shijiazhuang, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Shijiazhuang, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hanying Xing
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Shijiazhuang, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hang Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuling Xing
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Shijiazhuang, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guangyao Song
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Huijuan Ma, ; Guangyao Song,
| | - Huijuan Ma
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Huijuan Ma, ; Guangyao Song,
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12
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Jia W, Wei M, Rajani C, Zheng X. Targeting the alternative bile acid synthetic pathway for metabolic diseases. Protein Cell 2020; 12:411-425. [PMID: 33252713 PMCID: PMC8106556 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-020-00804-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is profoundly involved in glucose and lipid metabolism, in part by regulating bile acid (BA) metabolism and affecting multiple BA-receptor signaling pathways. BAs are synthesized in the liver by multi-step reactions catalyzed via two distinct routes, the classical pathway (producing the 12α-hydroxylated primary BA, cholic acid), and the alternative pathway (producing the non-12α-hydroxylated primary BA, chenodeoxycholic acid). BA synthesis and excretion is a major pathway of cholesterol and lipid catabolism, and thus, is implicated in a variety of metabolic diseases including obesity, insulin resistance, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Additionally, both oxysterols and BAs function as signaling molecules that activate multiple nuclear and membrane receptor-mediated signaling pathways in various tissues, regulating glucose, lipid homeostasis, inflammation, and energy expenditure. Modulating BA synthesis and composition to regulate BA signaling is an interesting and novel direction for developing therapies for metabolic disease. In this review, we summarize the most recent findings on the role of BA synthetic pathways, with a focus on the role of the alternative pathway, which has been under-investigated, in treating hyperglycemia and fatty liver disease. We also discuss future perspectives to develop promising pharmacological strategies targeting the alternative BA synthetic pathway for the treatment of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jia
- Center for Translational Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China. .,School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Meilin Wei
- Center for Translational Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Cynthia Rajani
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Xiaojiao Zheng
- Center for Translational Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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13
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Yang Y, Liu S, Gao H, Wang P, Zhang Y, Zhang A, Jia Z, Huang S. Ursodeoxycholic acid protects against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury and mitochondrial dysfunction through acting on ALDH1L2. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 152:821-837. [PMID: 32004633 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.01.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in acute kidney injury (AKI). Thus, the agents improving the mitochondrial function could be beneficial for treating AKI. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has been demonstrated to prevent mitochondrial dysfunction under pathology, however, its role in AKI and the underlying mechanism remain unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of UDCA on cisplatin-induced AKI. In vivo, C57BL/6 J mice were treated with cisplatin (25 mg/kg) for 72 h to induce AKI through a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection with or without UDCA (60 mg/kg/day) administration by gavage. Renal function, mitochondrial function and oxidative stress were analyzed to evaluate kidney injury. In vitro, mouse proximal tubular cells (mPTCs) and human proximal tubule epithelial cells (HK2) were treated with cisplatin with or without UDCA treatment for 24 h. Transcriptomic RNA-seq was preformed to analyze possible targets of UDCA. Our results showed that cisplatin-induced increments of serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and cystatin C were significantly reduced by UDCA along with ameliorated renal tubular injury evidenced by improved renal histology and blocked upregulation of neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) and kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1). Meanwhile, the apoptosis induced by cisplatin was also markedly attenuated by UDCA administration. In vitro, UDCA treatment protected against tubular cell apoptosis possibly through antagonizing mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress by targeting ALDH1L2 which was screened out by an RNA-seq analysis. Knockout of ALDH1L2 by CRISPR/Cas9 greatly blunted the protective effects of UDCA in renal tubular cells. Moreover, UDCA did not diminish cisplatin's antineoplastic effect in human cancer cells. In all, our results demonstrated that UDCA protects against cisplatin-induced AKI through improving mitochondrial function through acting on the expression of ALDH1L2, suggesting a clinical potential of UDCA for the treatment of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunwen Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, PR China; Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Suwen Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, PR China; Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Huiping Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, PR China; Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Peipei Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, PR China; Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, PR China; Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, PR China; Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, PR China; Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Songming Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, PR China; Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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14
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Low birth weight, a risk factor for diseases in later life, is a surrogate of insulin resistance at birth. J Hypertens 2019; 37:2123-2134. [DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000002156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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15
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Pandak WM, Kakiyama G. The acidic pathway of bile acid synthesis: Not just an alternative pathway ☆. LIVER RESEARCH 2019; 3:88-98. [PMID: 32015930 PMCID: PMC6996149 DOI: 10.1016/j.livres.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, the prevalence of obesity, and metabolic syndromes (MS) such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), have dramatically increased. Bile acids play a major role in the digestion, absorption of nutrients, and the body's redistribution of absorbed lipids as a function of their chemistry and signaling properties. As a result, a renewed interest has developed in the bile acid metabolic pathways with the challenge of gaining insight into novel treatment approaches for this rapidly growing healthcare problem. Of the two major pathways of bile acid synthesis in the liver, the foremost role of the acidic (alternative) pathway is to generate and control the levels of regulatory oxysterols that help control cellular cholesterol and lipid homeostasis. Cholesterol transport to mitochondrial sterol 27-hydroxylase (CYP27A1) by steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StarD1), and the subsequent 7α-hydroxylation of oxysterols by oxysterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7B1) are the key regulatory steps of the pathway. Recent observations suggest CYP7B1 to be the ultimate controller of cellular oxysterol levels. This review discusses the acidic pathway and its contribution to lipid, cholesterol, carbohydrate, and energy homeostasis. Additionally, discussed is how the acidic pathway's dysregulation not only leads to a loss in its ability to control cellular cholesterol and lipid homeostasis, but leads to inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- William M. Pandak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA,Department of Veterans Affairs, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Genta Kakiyama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA,Department of Veterans Affairs, Richmond, VA, USA,Corresponding author. Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University and Department of Veterans Affairs, Richmond, VA, USA. (G. Kakiyama)
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16
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Lv Y, Yan Z, Zhao X, Gang X, He G, Sun L, Li Z, Wang G. The effects of gut microbiota on metabolic outcomes in pregnant women and their offspring. Food Funct 2019; 9:4537-4547. [PMID: 30101246 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00601f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic diseases such as gestational diabetes mellitus and obesity during pregnancy have become severe health issues due to adverse pregnant outcomes in recent years. Maternal metabolic disorders can influence the long-term health of mothers and their offspring. Current evidence demonstrated that gut microbiota plays a crucial role in metabolic dysfunction during gestation. Maternal status is associated with alterations in the compositions and diversity of the intestinal microbiota community during gestation. Antibiotic treatments may disturb the gut microbiota of pregnant women, and scientific probiotic and prebiotic supplements have positive effects on mothers and their offspring. This review discusses the role of gut microbiota on metabolic outcomes in pregnant women and their offspring, and further illustrates the impact of interventions on metabolic disorders in pregnancy. Our study may provide a novel target for health management during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Lv
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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Xue Y, Ma C, Hanna I, Pan G. Intestinal Transporter-Associated Drug Absorption and Toxicity. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1141:361-405. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-7647-4_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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