1
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Iwamoto S, Kobayashi T, Hanamatsu H, Yokota I, Teranishi Y, Iwamoto A, Kitagawa M, Ashida S, Sakurai A, Matsuo S, Myokan Y, Sugimoto A, Ushioda R, Nagata K, Gotoh N, Nakajima K, Nishikaze T, Furukawa JI, Itano N. Tolerable glycometabolic stress boosts cancer cell resilience through altered N-glycosylation and Notch signaling activation. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:53. [PMID: 38225221 PMCID: PMC10789756 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06432-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Chronic metabolic stress paradoxically elicits pro-tumorigenic signals that facilitate cancer stem cell (CSC) development. Therefore, elucidating the metabolic sensing and signaling mechanisms governing cancer cell stemness can provide insights into ameliorating cancer relapse and therapeutic resistance. Here, we provide convincing evidence that chronic metabolic stress triggered by hyaluronan production augments CSC-like traits and chemoresistance by partially impairing nucleotide sugar metabolism, dolichol lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) biosynthesis and N-glycan assembly. Notably, preconditioning with either low-dose tunicamycin or 2-deoxy-D-glucose, which partially interferes with LLO biosynthesis, reproduced the promoting effects of hyaluronan production on CSCs. Multi-omics revealed characteristic changes in N-glycan profiles and Notch signaling activation in cancer cells exposed to mild glycometabolic stress. Restoration of N-glycan assembly with glucosamine and mannose supplementation and Notch signaling blockade attenuated CSC-like properties and further enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin. Therefore, our findings uncover a novel mechanism by which tolerable glycometabolic stress boosts cancer cell resilience through altered N-glycosylation and Notch signaling activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shungo Iwamoto
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Hisatoshi Hanamatsu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Ikuko Yokota
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yukiko Teranishi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akiho Iwamoto
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Miyu Kitagawa
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sawako Ashida
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ayane Sakurai
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Suguru Matsuo
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuma Myokan
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Aiyu Sugimoto
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryo Ushioda
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nagata
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
- JT Biohistory Research Hall, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Noriko Gotoh
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nakajima
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishikaze
- Solutions COE, Analytical & Measuring Instruments Division, Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Furukawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Naoki Itano
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan.
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan.
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2
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Yang Z, Gan W, Dai L, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Yang Q, Feng Y, Yang J, Fu C, Li D. Amide and Multihydroxyl Complementary Tailored Metal-Organic Framework with Enhanced Glycan Affinity for Efficient Glycoproteomic Analysis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:401-410. [PMID: 38145926 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Protein glycosylation is ubiquitous and crucial for regulating biological processes in organisms. Given the heterogeneity and low abundance of glycoproteins, efficient and specific enrichment procedures are required for the mass spectrometry analysis of glycopeptides. Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) has emerged as an effective strategy for glycopeptide enrichment. However, the relatively weak hydrophilic affinity restricts the achievement of a satisfactory enrichment performance. Here, we presented a rational design of an amide and multihydroxyl complementary tailored metal-organic framework, denoted as U6N/Pv@Glc, which exhibited ultrahydrophilicity and enhanced glycan affinity. Our results demonstrated a significant increase in glycopeptide coverage after enrichment, accompanied by extremely low detection limits (0.05 fmol μL-1) and high selectivity (IgG/BSA, 1:4000) as evaluated using trypsin-digested standard glycoproteins. A total of 379 glycopeptides and 247 intact glycopeptides (containing a total of 1577 site-specific N-glycans) were identified and characterized within human serum samples from individuals with type 2 diabetes in-depth. Additionally, we extended the application of this material to capture undigested glycoproteins, demonstrating potential compatibility with top-down MS analysis. These results highlight the promising potential of this novel material for comprehensive glycoproteomic analysis of every potential aspect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Gan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lunzhi Dai
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - He Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Institutes for Systems Genetics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yanruyu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jingtao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chunmei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dapeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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3
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Nieminen H, Nummela P, Satomaa T, Heiskanen A, Hiltunen JO, Kaprio T, Seppänen H, Hagström J, Mustonen H, Ristimäki A, Haglund C. N-glycosylation in non-invasive and invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13191. [PMID: 37580349 PMCID: PMC10425445 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39220-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs), often found incidentally, are potentially malignant cystic tumors of the pancreas. Due to the precancerous nature, IPMNs lacking malignant features should be kept on surveillance. The follow-up relies on magnetic resonance imaging, which has a limited accuracy to define the high-risk patients. New diagnostic methods are thus needed to recognize IPMNs with malignant potential. Here, aberrantly expressed glycans constitute a promising new area of research. We compared the N-glycan profiles of non-invasive IPMN tissues (n = 10) and invasive IPMN tissues (n = 10) to those of non-neoplastic pancreatic controls (n = 5) by matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. Both IPMN subgroups showed increased abundance of neutral composition H4N4 and decrease in H3N5F1, increase in sialylation, and decrease in sulfation, as compared to the controls. Furthermore, invasive IPMN showed an increase in terminal N-acetylhexosamine containing structure H4N5, and increase in acidic complex-type glycans, but decrease in their complex fucosylation and sulfation, as compared to the controls. In conclusion, the N-glycan profiles differed between healthy pancreatic tissue and non-invasive and invasive IPMNs. The unique glycans expressed in invasive IPMNs may offer interesting new options for diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heini Nieminen
- Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 440, 00029, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Pirjo Nummela
- Applied Tumor Genomics Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | | | - Tuomas Kaprio
- Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 440, 00029, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Seppänen
- Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 440, 00029, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Hagström
- Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pathology, HUSLAB, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Departmentof Oral Pathology and Radiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Harri Mustonen
- Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 440, 00029, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ari Ristimäki
- Applied Tumor Genomics Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pathology, HUSLAB, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Caj Haglund
- Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 440, 00029, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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4
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: An update for 2017-2018. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023; 42:227-431. [PMID: 34719822 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This review is the tenth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2018. Also included are papers that describe methods appropriate to glycan and glycoprotein analysis by MALDI, such as sample preparation techniques, even though the ionization method is not MALDI. Topics covered in the first part of the review include general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, new methods, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation and the use of arrays. The second part of the review is devoted to applications to various structural types such as oligo- and poly-saccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides, and biopharmaceuticals. Most of the applications are presented in tabular form. The third part of the review covers medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions, and applications to chemical synthesis. The reported work shows increasing use of combined new techniques such as ion mobility and highlights the impact that MALDI imaging is having across a range of diciplines. MALDI is still an ideal technique for carbohydrate analysis and advancements in the technique and the range of applications continue steady progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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5
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Zhao J, Qin R, Chen H, Yang Y, Qin W, Han J, Wang X, Ren S, Sun Y, Gu J. A nomogram based on glycomic biomarkers in serum and clinicopathological characteristics for evaluating the risk of peritoneal metastasis in gastric cancer. Clin Proteomics 2020; 17:34. [PMID: 32968368 PMCID: PMC7501696 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-020-09297-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Peritoneal metastasis (PM) in gastric cancer (GC) remains an untreatable disease, and is difficult to diagnose preoperatively. Here, we aim to establish a novel prediction model. Methods The clinicopathologic characteristics of a cohort that included 86 non-metastatic GC patients and 43 PMGC patients from Zhongshan Hospital were retrospectively analysed to identify PM associated variables. Additionally, mass spectrometry and glycomic analysis were applied in the same cohort to find glycomic biomarkers in serum for the diagnosis of PM. A nomogram was established based on the associations between potential risk variables and PM. Results Overexpression of 4 N-glycans (H6N5L1E1: m/z 2620.93; H5N5F1E2: m/z 2650.98; H6N5E2, m/z 2666.96; H6N5L1E2, m/z 2940.08); weight loss ≥ 5 kg; tumour size ≥ 3 cm; signet ring cell or mucinous adenocarcinoma histology type; poor differentiation; diffuse or mixed Lauren classification; increased CA19-9, CA125, and CA724 levels; decreased lymphocyte count, haemoglobin, albumin, and pre-albumin levels were identified to be associated with PM. A nomogram that integrated with five independent risk factors (weight loss ≥ 5 kg, CA19-9 ≥ 37 U/mL, CA125 ≥ 35 U/mL, lymphocyte count < 2.0 * 10 ~ 9/L, and H5N5F1E2 expression ≥ 0.0017) achieved a good performance for diagnosis (AUC: 0.892, 95% CI 0.829–0.954). When 160 was set as the cut-off threshold value, the proposed nomogram represented a perfectly discriminating power for both sensitivity (0.97) and specificity (0.88). Conclusions The nomogram achieved an individualized assessment of the risk of PM in GC patients; thus, the nomogram could be used to assist clinical decision-making before surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Ruihuan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032 China.,Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206 China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Yupeng Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Wenjun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Jing Han
- Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Xuefei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Shifang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Yihong Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Jianxin Gu
- Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
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6
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Harvey DJ. NEGATIVE ION MASS SPECTROMETRY FOR THE ANALYSIS OF N-LINKED GLYCANS. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2020; 39:586-679. [PMID: 32329121 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
N-glycans from glycoproteins are complex, branched structures whose structural determination presents many analytical problems. Mass spectrometry, usually conducted in positive ion mode, often requires extensive sample manipulation, usually by derivatization such as permethylation, to provide the necessary structure-revealing fragment ions. The newer but, so far, lesser used negative ion techniques, on the contrary, provide a wealth of structural information not present in positive ion spectra that greatly simplify the analysis of these compounds and can usually be conducted without the need for derivatization. This review describes the use of negative ion mass spectrometry for the structural analysis of N-linked glycans and emphasises the many advantages that can be gained by this mode of operation. Biosynthesis and structures of the compounds are described followed by methods for release of the glycans from the protein. Methods for ionization are discussed with emphasis on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) and methods for producing negative ions from neutral compounds. Acidic glycans naturally give deprotonated species under most ionization conditions. Fragmentation of negative ions is discussed next with particular reference to those ions that are diagnostic for specific features such as the branching topology of the glycans and substitution positions of moieties such as fucose and sulfate, features that are often difficult to identify easily by conventional techniques such as positive ion fragmentation and exoglycosidase digestions. The advantages of negative over positive ions for this structural work are emphasised with an example of a series of glycans where all other methods failed to produce a structure. Fragmentation of derivatized glycans is discussed next, both with respect to derivatives at the reducing terminus of the molecules, and to methods for neutralization of the acidic groups on sialic acids to both stabilize them for MALDI analysis and to produce the diagnostic fragments seen with the neutral glycans. The use of ion mobility, combined with conventional mass spectrometry is described with emphasis on its use to extract clean glycan spectra both before and after fragmentation, to separate isomers and its use to extract additional information from separated fragment ions. A section on applications follows with examples of the identification of novel structures from lower organisms and tables listing the use of negative ions for structural identification of specific glycoproteins, glycans from viruses and uses in the biopharmaceutical industry and in medicine. The review concludes with a summary of the advantages and disadvantages of the technique. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Mass Spec Rev.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom
- Centre for Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Life Sciences Building 85, Highfield Campus, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
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7
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N-glycomic profiling of colorectal cancer according to tumor stage and location. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234989. [PMID: 32598367 PMCID: PMC7323945 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in glycosylation are seen in many types of cancer, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Glycans, the sugar moieties of glycoconjugates, are involved in many important functions relevant to cancer and can be of value as biomarkers. In this study, we have used mass spectrometry to analyze the N-glycan profiles of 35 CRC tissue samples and 10 healthy tissue samples from non-CRC patients who underwent operations for other reasons. The tumor samples were divided into groups depending on tumor location (right or left colon) and stage (II or III), while the healthy samples were divided into right or left colon. The levels of neutral and acidic N-glycan compositions and glycan classes were analyzed in a total of ten different groups. Surprisingly, there were no significant differences in glycan levels when all right- and left-sided CRC samples were compared, and few differences (such as in the abundance of the neutral N-glycan H3N5) were seen when the samples were divided according to both location and stage. Multiple significant differences were found in the levels of glycans and glycan classes when stage II and III samples were compared, and these glycans could be of value as candidates for new markers of cancer progression. In order to validate our findings, we analyzed healthy tissue samples from the right and left colon and found no significant differences in the levels of any of the glycans analyzed, confirming that our findings when comparing CRC samples from the right and left colon are not due to normal variations in the levels of glycans between the healthy right and left colon. Additionally, the levels of the acidic glycans H4N3F1P1, H5N4F1P1, and S1H5N4F1 were found to change in a cancer-specific but colon location-nonspecific manner, indicating that CRC affects glycan levels in similar ways regardless of tumor location.
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8
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Mass spectrometry-based qualitative and quantitative N-glycomics: An update of 2017-2018. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1091:1-22. [PMID: 31679562 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
N-glycosylation is one of the most frequently occurring protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) with broad cellular, physiological and pathological relevance. Mass spectrometry-based N-glycomics has become the state-of-the-art instrumental analytical pipeline for sensitive, high-throughput and comprehensive characterization of N-glycans and N-glycomes. Improvement and new development of methods in N-glycan release, enrichment, derivatization, isotopic labeling, separation, ionization, MS, tandem MS and informatics accompany side-by-side wider and deeper application. This review provides a comprehensive update of mass spectrometry-based qualitative and quantitative N-glycomics in the years of 2017-2018.
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9
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Tjondro HC, Loke I, Chatterjee S, Thaysen-Andersen M. Human protein paucimannosylation: cues from the eukaryotic kingdoms. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2019; 94:2068-2100. [PMID: 31410980 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Paucimannosidic proteins (PMPs) are bioactive glycoproteins carrying truncated α- or β-mannosyl-terminating asparagine (N)-linked glycans widely reported across the eukaryotic domain. Our understanding of human PMPs remains limited, despite findings documenting their existence and association with human disease glycobiology. This review comprehensively surveys the structures, biosynthetic routes and functions of PMPs across the eukaryotic kingdoms with the aim of synthesising an improved understanding on the role of protein paucimannosylation in human health and diseases. Convincing biochemical, glycoanalytical and biological data detail a vast structural heterogeneity and fascinating tissue- and subcellular-specific expression of PMPs within invertebrates and plants, often comprising multi-α1,3/6-fucosylation and β1,2-xylosylation amongst other glycan modifications and non-glycan substitutions e.g. O-methylation. Vertebrates and protists express less-heterogeneous PMPs typically only comprising variable core fucosylation of bi- and trimannosylchitobiose core glycans. In particular, the Manα1,6Manβ1,4GlcNAc(α1,6Fuc)β1,4GlcNAcβAsn glycan (M2F) decorates various human neutrophil proteins reportedly displaying bioactivity and structural integrity demonstrating that they are not degradation products. Less-truncated paucimannosidic glycans (e.g. M3F) are characteristic glycosylation features of proteins expressed by human cancer and stem cells. Concertedly, these observations suggest the involvement of human PMPs in processes related to innate immunity, tumorigenesis and cellular differentiation. The absence of human PMPs in diverse bodily fluids studied under many (patho)physiological conditions suggests extravascular residence and points to localised functions of PMPs in peripheral tissues. Absence of PMPs in Fungi indicates that paucimannosylation is common, but not universally conserved, in eukaryotes. Relative to human PMPs, the expression of PMPs in plants, invertebrates and protists is more tissue-wide and constitutive yet, similar to their human counterparts, PMP expression remains regulated by the physiology of the producing organism and PMPs evidently serve essential functions in development, cell-cell communication and host-pathogen/symbiont interactions. In most PMP-producing organisms, including humans, the N-acetyl-β-hexosaminidase isoenzymes and linkage-specific α-mannosidases are glycoside hydrolases critical for generating PMPs via N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I (GnT-I)-dependent and GnT-I-independent truncation pathways. However, the identity and structure of many species-specific PMPs in eukaryotes, their biosynthetic routes, strong tissue- and development-specific expression, and diverse functions are still elusive. Deep exploration of these PMP features involving, for example, the characterisation of endogenous PMP-recognising lectins across a variety of healthy and N-acetyl-β-hexosaminidase-deficient human tissue types and identification of microbial adhesins reactive to human PMPs, are amongst the many tasks required for enhanced insight into the glycobiology of human PMPs. In conclusion, the literature supports the notion that PMPs are significant, yet still heavily under-studied biomolecules in human glycobiology that serve essential functions and create structural heterogeneity not dissimilar to other human N-glycoprotein types. Human PMPs should therefore be recognised as bioactive glycoproteins that are distinctly different from the canonical N-glycoprotein classes and which warrant a more dedicated focus in glycobiological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry C Tjondro
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
| | - Ian Loke
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Sayantani Chatterjee
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
| | - Morten Thaysen-Andersen
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
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10
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Papathomas TG, Sun N, Chortis V, Taylor AE, Arlt W, Richter S, Eisenhofer G, Ruiz-Babot G, Guasti L, Walch AK. Novel methods in adrenal research: a metabolomics approach. Histochem Cell Biol 2019; 151:201-216. [PMID: 30725173 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-019-01772-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic alterations have implications in a spectrum of tissue functions and disease. Aided by novel molecular biological and computational tools, our understanding of physiological and pathological processes underpinning endocrine and endocrine-related disease has significantly expanded over the last decade. Herein, we focus on novel metabolomics-related methodologies in adrenal research: in situ metabolomics by mass spectrometry imaging, steroid metabolomics by gas and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, energy pathway metabologenomics by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics of Krebs cycle intermediates, and cellular reprogramming to generate functional steroidogenic cells and hence to modulate the steroid metabolome. All four techniques to assess and/or modulate the metabolome in biological systems provide tremendous opportunities to manage neoplastic and non-neoplastic disease of the adrenal glands in the era of precision medicine. In this context, we discuss emerging clinical applications and/or promising metabolic-driven research towards diagnostic, prognostic, predictive and therapeutic biomarkers in tumours arising from the adrenal gland and extra-adrenal paraganglia as well as modern approaches to delineate and reprogram adrenal metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G Papathomas
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Na Sun
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Vasileios Chortis
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - Angela E Taylor
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - Wiebke Arlt
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
| | - Susan Richter
- Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, School of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Graeme Eisenhofer
- Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, School of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gerard Ruiz-Babot
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Leonardo Guasti
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Axel Karl Walch
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany.
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11
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Oraibi OH, Wharry LI, Lynn AA, Chaudhry F, Jaume JC, Jun JY. LOCALLY INVASIVE PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA COMBINED WITH PRIMARY MALIGNANT ADRENAL LYMPHOMA. AACE Clin Case Rep 2018; 5:e124-e128. [PMID: 31967016 DOI: 10.4158/accr-2018-0221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Pheochromocytoma (PHEO) combined with primary adrenal lymphoma is extremely rare. We describe a case of locally invasive PHEO combined with primary malignant lymphoma. Methods We provide a case description with biochemical analyses, imaging, and pathologic findings. Results A 79-year-old male presented with a 17-cm, complex mass in the left adrenal gland with non-contrast Hounsfield units of 100 and left para-aortic enlarged lymph nodes imaged by computed tomography. Biochemical evaluation showed plasma and 24-hour urinary normetanephrine significantly elevated about 22 times (about 13.5 times above the normal upper limit) while metanephrine levels were normal. With adequate perioperative preparation, en bloc resection of the left adrenal gland was performed. The pathology revealed a tumor consisting of B-cell lymphoma, a PHEO forming a large adrenal mass with soft tissue invasion with extensive sclerosis and a separate nodule with PHEO without sclerosis. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization of the lymphoma were consistent with Epstein-Barr virus-positive, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Immunohistochemistry of the PHEO was positive for chromogranin, synaptophysin, and S100. The Ki67 index was 8.7% and PHEO of the adrenal gland scaled score was 8 (≥4 is considered potentially malignant). Conclusion To the best of our knowledge this is the first case demonstrating locally invasive and potentially malignant PHEO combined with primary malignant lymphoma in the same adrenal gland.
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12
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Saarinen L, Nummela P, Leinonen H, Heiskanen A, Thiel A, Haglund C, Lepistö A, Satomaa T, Hautaniemi S, Ristimäki A. Glycomic Profiling Highlights Increased Fucosylation in Pseudomyxoma Peritonei. Mol Cell Proteomics 2018; 17:2107-2118. [PMID: 30072579 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra118.000615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a subtype of mucinous adenocarcinoma that most often originates from the appendix, and grows in the peritoneal cavity filling it with mucinous ascites. KRAS and GNAS mutations are frequently found in PMP, but other common driver mutations are infrequent. As altered glycosylation can promote carcinogenesis, we compared N-linked glycan profiles of PMP tissues to those of normal appendix. Glycan profiles of eight normal appendix samples and eight low-grade and eight high-grade PMP specimens were analyzed by mass spectrometry. Our results show differences in glycan profiles between PMP and the controls, especially in those of neutral glycans, and the most prominent alteration was increased fucosylation. We further demonstrate up-regulated mRNA expression of four fucosylation-related enzymes, the core fucosylation performing fucosyltransferase 8 and three GDP-fucose biosynthetic enzymes in PMP tissues when compared with the controls. Up-regulated protein expression of the latter three enzymes was further observed in PMP cells by immunohistochemistry. We also demonstrate that restoration of fucosylation either by salvage pathway or by introduction of an expression of intact GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase enhance expression of MUC2, which is the predominant mucin molecule secreted by the PMP cells, in an intestinal-derived adenocarcinoma cell line with defective fucosylation because of deletion in the GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase gene. Thus, altered glycosylation especially in the form of fucosylation is linked to the characteristic mucin production of PMP. Glycomic data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD010086.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilli Saarinen
- From the ‡Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pirjo Nummela
- From the ‡Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannele Leinonen
- From the ‡Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Alexandra Thiel
- From the ‡Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Caj Haglund
- ¶Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 440, FI-00029 HUS, Finland.,‖Translational Cancer Biology, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Lepistö
- ¶Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 440, FI-00029 HUS, Finland
| | - Tero Satomaa
- §Glykos Finland Ltd, Viikinkaari 6, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sampsa Hautaniemi
- From the ‡Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ari Ristimäki
- From the ‡Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland; .,**Department of Pathology, HUSLAB, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 400, FI-00029 HUS, Finland
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