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Sweetalana, Mooney JA, Szpiech ZA. Genotypic and phenotypic consequences of domestication in dogs. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.01.592072. [PMID: 38746159 PMCID: PMC11092585 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.01.592072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Runs of homozygosity (ROH) are genomic regions that arise when two copies of an identical ancestral haplotype are inherited from parents with a recent common ancestor. In this study, we performed a novel comprehensive analysis to infer genetic diversity among dogs and quantified the association between ROH and non-disease phenotypes. We found distinct patterns of genetic diversity across clades of breed dogs and elevated levels of long ROH, compared to non- domesticated dogs. These high levels of F ROH (inbreeding coefficient) are a consequence of recent inbreeding among domesticated dogs during breed establishment. We identified statistically significant associations between F ROH and height, weight, lifespan, muscled, white head, white chest, furnish, and length of fur. After correcting for population structure, we identified more than 45 genes across the three examined quantitative traits that exceeded the threshold for suggestive significance, indicating significant polygenic inheritance for the complex quantitative phenotypes in dogs.
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2
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Oussaada SM, Kilicarslan M, de Weijer BA, Gilijamse PW, Şekercan A, Virtue S, Janssen IMC, van de Laar A, Demirkiran A, van Wagensveld BA, Houdijk APJ, Jongejan A, Moerland PD, Verheij J, Geijtenbeek TB, Bloks VW, de Goffau MC, Romijn JA, Nieuwdorp M, Vidal-Puig A, Ter Horst KW, Serlie MJ. Tissue-specific inflammation and insulin sensitivity in subjects with obesity. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2024; 211:111663. [PMID: 38616042 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2024.111663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance (IR). The contribution of adipose tissue (AT) and hepatic inflammation to IR remains unclear. We conducted a study across three cohorts to investigate this relationship. The first cohort consists of six women with normal weight and twenty with obesity. In women with obesity, we found an upregulation of inflammatory markers in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue, isolated AT macrophages, and the liver, but no linear correlation with tissue-specific insulin sensitivity. In the second cohort, we studied 24 women with obesity in the upper vs lower insulin sensitivity quartile. We demonstrated that several omental and mesenteric AT inflammatory genes and T cell-related pathways are upregulated in IR, independent of BMI. The third cohort consists of 23 women and 18 men with obesity, studied before and one year after bariatric surgery. Weight loss following surgery was associated with downregulation of multiple immune pathways in subcutaneous AT and skeletal muscle, alongside notable metabolic improvements. Our results show that obesity is characterised by systemic and tissue-specific inflammation. Subjects with obesity and IR show a more pronounced inflammation phenotype, independent of BMI. Bariatric surgery-induced weight loss is associated with reduced inflammation and improved metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Oussaada
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Kilicarslan
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - B A de Weijer
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - P W Gilijamse
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A Şekercan
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Public Health, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - S Virtue
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - I M C Janssen
- Nederlandse Obesitas Kliniek, Departement of Science, Huis ter Heide, the Netherlands
| | - A van de Laar
- Spaarne Gasthuis, Department of Surgery, Haarlem, the Netherlands
| | - A Demirkiran
- Red Cross Hospital, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Beverwijk, the Netherlands
| | - B A van Wagensveld
- NMC Royal Hospital, Department of Surgery, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - A P J Houdijk
- Northwest Clinics, Department of Surgery, Alkmaar, the Netherlands
| | - A Jongejan
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health, Methodology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - P D Moerland
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health, Methodology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J Verheij
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Pathology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - T B Geijtenbeek
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Laboratory for Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - V W Bloks
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - M C de Goffau
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK; Amsterdam UMC, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J A Romijn
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Internal Medicine, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Nieuwdorp
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Vascular Medicine, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A Vidal-Puig
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - K W Ter Horst
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M J Serlie
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Section of Endocrinology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USA.
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3
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Galindez G, List M, Baumbach J, Völker U, Mäder U, Blumenthal DB, Kacprowski T. Inference of differential gene regulatory networks using boosted differential trees. BIOINFORMATICS ADVANCES 2024; 4:vbae034. [PMID: 38505804 PMCID: PMC10948285 DOI: 10.1093/bioadv/vbae034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Summary Diseases can be caused by molecular perturbations that induce specific changes in regulatory interactions and their coordinated expression, also referred to as network rewiring. However, the detection of complex changes in regulatory connections remains a challenging task and would benefit from the development of novel nonparametric approaches. We develop a new ensemble method called BoostDiff (boosted differential regression trees) to infer a differential network discriminating between two conditions. BoostDiff builds an adaptively boosted (AdaBoost) ensemble of differential trees with respect to a target condition. To build the differential trees, we propose differential variance improvement as a novel splitting criterion. Variable importance measures derived from the resulting models are used to reflect changes in gene expression predictability and to build the output differential networks. BoostDiff outperforms existing differential network methods on simulated data evaluated in four different complexity settings. We then demonstrate the power of our approach when applied to real transcriptomics data in COVID-19, Crohn's disease, breast cancer, prostate adenocarcinoma, and stress response in Bacillus subtilis. BoostDiff identifies context-specific networks that are enriched with genes of known disease-relevant pathways and complements standard differential expression analyses. Availability and implementation BoostDiff is available at https://github.com/scibiome/boostdiff_inference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gihanna Galindez
- Division Data Science in Biomedicine, Peter L. Reichertz Institute for Medical Informatics of Technische Universität Braunschweig and Hannover Medical School, Braunschweig, 38106, Germany
- Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, 38106, Germany
| | - Markus List
- Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 85354, Germany
| | - Jan Baumbach
- Institute for Computational Systems Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, 22607, Germany
- Computational Biomedicine Lab, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, 5230, Denmark
| | - Uwe Völker
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Ulrike Mäder
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - David B Blumenthal
- Biomedical Network Science Lab, Department of Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, 91052, Germany
| | - Tim Kacprowski
- Division Data Science in Biomedicine, Peter L. Reichertz Institute for Medical Informatics of Technische Universität Braunschweig and Hannover Medical School, Braunschweig, 38106, Germany
- Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, 38106, Germany
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Bocian-Jastrzębska A, Malczewska-Herman A, Kos-Kudła B. Role of Leptin and Adiponectin in Carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4250. [PMID: 37686525 PMCID: PMC10486522 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hormones produced by adipocytes, leptin and adiponectin, are associated with the process of carcinogenesis. Both of these adipokines have well-proven oncologic potential and can affect many aspects of tumorigenesis, from initiation and primary tumor growth to metastatic progression. Involvement in the formation of cancer includes interactions with the tumor microenvironment and its components, such as tumor-associated macrophages, cancer-associated fibroblasts, extracellular matrix and matrix metalloproteinases. Furthermore, these adipokines participate in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and connect to angiogenesis, which is critical for cancer invasiveness and cancer cell migration. In addition, an enormous amount of evidence has demonstrated that altered concentrations of these adipocyte-derived hormones and the expression of their receptors in tumors are associated with poor prognosis in various types of cancer. Therefore, leptin and adiponectin dysfunction play a prominent role in cancer and impact tumor invasion and metastasis in different ways. This review clearly and comprehensively summarizes the recent findings and presents the role of leptin and adiponectin in cancer initiation, promotion and progression, focusing on associations with the tumor microenvironment and its components as well as roles in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Bocian-Jastrzębska
- Department of Endocrinology and Neuroendocrine Tumors, Department of Pathophysiology and Endocrinogy, Medical University of Silesia, 40-514 Katowice, Poland; (A.M.-H.); (B.K.-K.)
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Jabłonowska-Lietz B, Nowicka G, Włodarczyk M, Rejowski S, Stasiowska M, Wrzosek M. Initial Weight Loss, Anthropometric Parameters, and Proinflammatory Transcript Levels in Patients with Class I Obesity. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2304. [PMID: 37626800 PMCID: PMC10452077 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Research into early predictors of effective weight loss could help determine more effective therapeutic interventions. In this study, 106 subjects with class I obesity, genotyped with the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) rs9930506 gene variant, were enrolled into a 12-week weight loss program (WLP). Anthropometric and body composition measurements were controlled with bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) at baseline and after 4 and 12 weeks. Biopsies of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (AT) and venous blood samples were collected to monitor changes in interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) mRNA levels in white blood cells (WBCs) and to assess if changes in WBC gene expression reflected changes in adipose tissue. The FTO rs9930506 variant had no effect on weight loss and no reduction in proinflammatory transcripts in WBCs or AT. Changes in anthropometric parameters were associated with changes in carbohydrate metabolism. A linear regression model showed that initial weight loss (after 4 weeks of the WLP) was the most predictive factor of weight loss success after 12 weeks of the WLP. Changes in plasma lipids or proinflammatory transcript levels in WBCs or AT were not associated with weight loss effectiveness. However, the gene expression in WBCs did reflect changes occurring in subcutaneous AT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Jabłonowska-Lietz
- Medical Center, National Institute of Public Health NIH—National Research Institute, 24 Chocimska St., 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grażyna Nowicka
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Włodarczyk
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sławomir Rejowski
- Liver and Internal Medicine Unit, Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, 1A Banacha St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Stasiowska
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, University College London Hospital, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Małgorzata Wrzosek
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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Molière S, Jaulin A, Tomasetto CL, Dali-Youcef N. Roles of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Natural Inhibitors in Metabolism: Insights into Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10649. [PMID: 37445827 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc-activated peptidases that can be classified into six major classes, including gelatinases, collagenases, stromelysins, matrilysins, membrane type metalloproteinases, and other unclassified MMPs. The activity of MMPs is regulated by natural inhibitors called tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). MMPs are involved in a wide range of biological processes, both in normal physiological conditions and pathological states. While some of these functions occur during development, others occur in postnatal life. Although the roles of several MMPs have been extensively studied in cancer and inflammation, their function in metabolism and metabolic diseases have only recently begun to be uncovered, particularly over the last two decades. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge regarding the metabolic roles of metalloproteinases in physiology, with a strong emphasis on adipose tissue homeostasis, and to highlight the consequences of impaired or exacerbated MMP actions in the development of metabolic disorders such as obesity, fatty liver disease, and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Molière
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire Illkirch, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Department of Radiology, Strasbourg University Hospital, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Avenue Molière, 67200 Strasbourg, France
- Breast and Thyroid Imaging Unit, ICANS-Institut de Cancérologie Strasbourg Europe, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Amélie Jaulin
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire Illkirch, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Catherine-Laure Tomasetto
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire Illkirch, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Nassim Dali-Youcef
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire Illkirch, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Pôle de Biologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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Nikołajuk A, Stefanowicz M, Strączkowski M, Karczewska-Kupczewska M. Changes in Adipose Tissue Gene Expression of the Core Components of the Hippo Signaling Pathway in Young Adults with Uncomplicated Overweight or Obesity Following Weight Loss. J Nutr 2023; 153:665-672. [PMID: 36805181 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Appropriate adipogenesis leads to the "healthy" expansion of adipose tissue and is a crucial component in maintaining metabolic homeostasis. The Hippo signaling network may balance adipocyte proliferation/differentiation regulating adipogenic footpath. OBJECTIVES Our study aimed to assess subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) expression of genes involved in Hippo signaling network in subjects with marked overweight or obesity after dietary intervention (DI) in relation to obesity and insulin sensitivity. METHODS Forty overweight or obese subjects (O/O) [mean ± SD age 33 ± 7 y, 45% men, BMI (in kg/m2) 32.9 ± 3.1] completed DI [low-calorie diet (20 kcal/kg of proper body weight) for 12 wks]. The control group comprising 20 normal-weight subjects (mean ± SD age: 24 ± 2 y, 40% men, BMI: 22.4 ± 2.3 ) was examined at baseline only. Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp and SAT biopsy with gene expression analysis were performed. Student's t-test for unpaired and paired samples and Pearson correlation analysis were applied. This is an exploratory analysis of the DI program. RESULTS SAT mRNA expression of mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 2 (MST2) encoded by serine/threonine kinase 3 gene (STK3)-->, large tumor suppressor kinase 2 (LATS2), and salvador family WW domain containing protein 1 (SAV1), the upstream members of the Hippo pathway, were decreased (21%, 40%, and 36%, respectively) in O/O in comparison with weight subjects individuals before DI (all P < 0.05). At baseline, positive correlations between SAT SAV1, LATS2 expression and adiponectin (ADIPOQ) (r = 0.50, P < 0.001; r = 0.53, P = 0.004, respectively) and solute carrier family 2 member 4 (SLC2A4) (r = 0.35, P = 0.007; r = 0.28, P = 0.03, respectively) expression were observed in the entire study group. Body weight of the O/O group decreased during DI (11.2 ± 3.8 kg, P < 0.001), and there was an increase in insulin sensitivity (by 27%) and SAT expression of STK3, LATS2 (both by 19%), and SAV1 (by 26%) (all P < 0.05). After DI, SAT SLC2A4 expression was correlated with STK3 (r = 0.47, P = 0.003), LATS2 (r = 0.56, P < 0.001), and yes-associated protein (r = 0.50, P = 0.001) expression. CONCLUSIONS Obesity is associated with altered mRNA expression of upstream effectors of the Hippo pathway in SAT in young adults. DI may improve adipogenic capacity. J Nutr 20XX;xx:xx-xx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Nikołajuk
- Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Stefanowicz
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Marek Strączkowski
- Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
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Alternative Methods as Tools for Obesity Research: In Vitro and In Silico Approaches. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:life13010108. [PMID: 36676057 PMCID: PMC9860640 DOI: 10.3390/life13010108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The study of adipogenesis is essential for understanding and treating obesity, a multifactorial problem related to body fat accumulation that leads to several life-threatening diseases, becoming one of the most critical public health problems worldwide. In this review, we propose to provide the highlights of the adipogenesis study based on in vitro differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). We list in silico methods, such as molecular docking for identification of molecular targets, and in vitro approaches, from 2D, more straightforward and applied for screening large libraries of substances, to more representative physiological models, such as 3D and bioprinting models. We also describe the development of physiological models based on microfluidic systems applied to investigate adipogenesis in vitro. We intend to identify the main alternative models for adipogenesis evaluation, contributing to the direction of preclinical research in obesity. Future directions indicate the association of in silico and in vitro techniques to bring a clear picture of alternative methods based on adipogenesis as a tool for obesity research.
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Morais JBS, Dias TMDS, Cardoso BEP, de Paiva Sousa M, Sousa TGVD, Araújo DSCD, Marreiro DDN. Adipose Tissue Dysfunction: Impact on Metabolic Changes? Horm Metab Res 2022; 54:785-794. [PMID: 35952684 DOI: 10.1055/a-1922-7052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a metabolically dynamic organ that is the primary site of storage for excess energy, but it serves as an endocrine organ capable of synthesizing a number of biologically active compounds that regulate metabolic homeostasis. However, when the capacity of expansion of this tissue exceeds, dysfunction occurs, favoring ectopic accumulation of fat in the visceral, which has been implicated in several disease states, most notably obesity. This review highlights the mechanisms involved in the structure of adipose tissue, tissue expandability, adipocyte dysfunction, as well as the impact of these events on the manifestation of important metabolic disorders associated with adipose tissue dysfunction. A literature search using Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane databases were used to identify relevant studies, using clinical trials, experimental studies in animals and humans, case-control studies, case series, letters to the editor, and review articles published in English, without restrictions on year of publication. The excessive ectopic lipid accumulation leads to local inflammation and insulin resistance. Indeed, overnutrition triggers uncontrolled inflammatory responses white adipose tissue, leading to chronic low-grade inflammation, therefore fostering the progression of important metabolic disorders. Thus, it is essential to advance the understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in adipose tissue dysfunction in order to mitigate the negative metabolic consequences of obesity.
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Cruz-García EM, Frigolet ME, Canizales-Quinteros S, Gutiérrez-Aguilar R. Differential Gene Expression of Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue among Lean, Obese, and after RYGB (Different Timepoints): Systematic Review and Analysis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224925. [PMID: 36432612 PMCID: PMC9693162 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The main roles of adipose tissue include triglycerides storage and adipokine secretion, which regulate energy balance and inflammation status. In obesity, adipocyte dysfunction leads to proinflammatory cytokine production and insulin resistance. Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for obesity, the gold-standard technique being Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Since metabolic improvements after RYGB are clear, a better understanding of adipose tissue molecular modifications could be derived from this study. Thus, the aim of this systematic review was to find differentially expressed genes in subcutaneous adipose tissue of lean, obese and post-RYGB (distinct timepoints). To address this objective, publications from 2015-2022 reporting gene expression (candidate genes or transcriptomic approach) of subcutaneous adipose tissue from lean and obese individuals before and after RGYB were searched in PubMed, Elsevier, and Springer Link. Excluded publications were reviews, studies analyzing serum, other types of tissues, or bariatric procedures. A risk-of-bias summary was created for each paper using Robvis, to finally include 17 studies. Differentially expressed genes in post-RYGB vs. obese and lean vs. obese were obtained and the intersection among these groups was used for analysis and gene classification by metabolic pathway. Results showed that the lean state as well as the post-RYGB is similar in terms of increased expression of insulin-sensitizing molecules, inducing lipogenesis over lipolysis and downregulating leukocyte activation, cytokine production and other factors that promote inflammation. Thus, massive weight loss and metabolic improvements after RYGB are accompanied by gene expression modifications reverting the "adipocyte dysfunction" phenomenon observed in obesity conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Marisol Cruz-García
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Enfermedades Metabólicas: Obesidad y Diabetes, Hospital Infantil de México “Federico Gómez”, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - María E. Frigolet
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Enfermedades Metabólicas: Obesidad y Diabetes, Hospital Infantil de México “Federico Gómez”, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Samuel Canizales-Quinteros
- Unidad de Genόmica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Facultad de Química, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genόmica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
| | - Ruth Gutiérrez-Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Enfermedades Metabólicas: Obesidad y Diabetes, Hospital Infantil de México “Federico Gómez”, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
- División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-5552289917 (ext. 4509)
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Strączkowski M, Stefanowicz M, Matulewicz N, Nikołajuk A, Karczewska-Kupczewska M. Relation of adipose tissue and skeletal muscle FKBP5 expression with insulin sensitivity and the regulation of FKBP5 by insulin and free fatty acids. Endocrine 2022; 76:536-542. [PMID: 35212883 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03018-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent studies suggest that FK506 binding protein 51 (FKBP51), a negative regulator of glucocorticoid response, encoded by FKBP5, may influence insulin action. The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between subcutaneous adipose tissue (AT) and skeletal muscle FKBP5 expression in relation to insulin sensitivity in healthy individuals and to study its regulation by insulin and circulating free fatty acid (FFA) elevation. METHODS The study group comprised 96 male subjects, 49 normal-weight and 47 overweight/obese. Hyperinsulinemic clamp, subcutaneous AT and skeletal muscle biopsies were performed. In a subgroup of 20 subjects, two 6 h clamps were performed, with and without Intralipid/heparin infusion, and tissue biopsies were obtained before and after each clamp. RESULTS AT FKBP5 expression was lower in overweight/obese individuals in comparison with normal-weight individuals (p = 0.004). Muscle FKBP5 expression did not differ between the groups, however, it was inversely related to insulin sensitivity (r = -0.32, p = 0.002). FKBP5 expression decreased in AT (p = 0.003) and increased in muscle (p < 0.0001) after insulin infusion. Intralipid/heparin diminished insulin-induced increase in muscle FKBP5. CONCLUSION Our data show that lower AT FKBP5 expression is related to obesity, whereas muscle FKBP5 expression is associated with insulin resistance. AT and muscle FKBP5 expression is differentially regulated by insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Strączkowski
- Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Stefanowicz
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Natalia Matulewicz
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Nikołajuk
- Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
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12
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The Shades of Grey in Adipose Tissue Reprogramming. Biosci Rep 2022; 42:230844. [PMID: 35211733 PMCID: PMC8905306 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20212358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The adipose tissue (AT) has a major role in contributing to obesity-related pathologies through regulating systemic immunometabolism. The pathogenicity of the AT is underpinned by its remarkable plasticity to be reprogrammed during obesity, in the perspectives of tissue morphology, extracellular matrix (ECM) composition, angiogenesis, immunometabolic homoeostasis and circadian rhythmicity. Dysregulation in these features escalates the pathogenesis conferred by this endometabolic organ. Intriguingly, the potential to be reprogrammed appears to be an Achilles’ heel of the obese AT that can be targeted for the management of obesity and its associated comorbidities. Here, we provide an overview of the reprogramming processes of white AT (WAT), with a focus on their dynamics and pleiotropic actions over local and systemic homoeostases, followed by a discussion of potential strategies favouring therapeutic reprogramming. The potential involvement of AT remodelling in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 is also discussed.
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13
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Karczewska-Kupczewska M, Nikołajuk A, Stefanowicz M, Matulewicz N, Arnoriaga-Rodriguez M, Fernandez-Real JM, Strączkowski M. Novel Laboratory Index, Based on Fasting Blood Parameters, Accurately Reflects Insulin Sensitivity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e5208-e5221. [PMID: 34228124 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Simple and reliable measurement of insulin sensitivity may be important for the prevention of insulin-resistance-related diseases. Surrogate indices of insulin sensitivity are of limited utility in population without signs of metabolic syndrome. OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to provide simple and accurate index of insulin sensitivity. DESIGN The study group comprised 150 young healthy participants. Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp was performed. Regression models with different laboratory parameters were constructed. Validation cohort 1 comprised independent group of 110 subjects, including individuals with prediabetes and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Validation cohort 2 comprised 38 obese subjects before and after diet-induced weight loss. Validation cohort 3 comprised 60 nondiabetic subjects from an independent center. RESULTS The supervised principal component model established optimal set of variables correlated with insulin sensitivity. This model (Fasting Laboratory Assessment of Insulin Sensitivity [FLAIS]) used red blood cell count, alanine aminotransferase activity, serum C-peptide, SHBG, IGF-binding protein 1, and adiponectin concentrations. FLAIS exhibited strong correlation with clamp-derived insulin sensitivity. The sensitivity of the model was 90% and the specificity was 68%. In validation cohort 1, differences in FLAIS among the groups paralleled those observed with the clamp, with the lowest values in prediabetes and diabetes. In validation cohort 2, FLAIS reflected the change in insulin sensitivity after weight loss. The main findings were confirmed in validation cohort 3. CONCLUSION We provide simple and accurate method of assessing insulin sensitivity, which allows to identify insulin resistance even in the population without overt metabolic disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Karczewska-Kupczewska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, 15-276 Białystok, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Nikołajuk
- Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Magdalena Stefanowicz
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Natalia Matulewicz
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Maria Arnoriaga-Rodriguez
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital; Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Girona; and CIBERobn Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition, Girona, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Fernandez-Real
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital; Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Girona; and CIBERobn Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition, Girona, Spain
| | - Marek Strączkowski
- Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
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14
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Schaffert A, Krieg L, Weiner J, Schlichting R, Ueberham E, Karkossa I, Bauer M, Landgraf K, Junge KM, Wabitsch M, Lehmann J, Escher BI, Zenclussen AC, Körner A, Blüher M, Heiker JT, von Bergen M, Schubert K. Alternatives for the worse: Molecular insights into adverse effects of bisphenol a and substitutes during human adipocyte differentiation. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 156:106730. [PMID: 34186270 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), which is used in a variety of consumer-related plastic products, was reported to cause adverse effects, including disruption of adipocyte differentiation, interference with obesity mechanisms, and impairment of insulin- and glucose homeostasis. Substitute compounds are increasingly emerging but are not sufficiently investigated.We aimed to investigate the mode of action of BPA and four of its substitutes during the differentiation of human preadipocytes to adipocytes and their molecular interaction with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), a pivotal regulator of adipogenesis.Binding and effective biological activation of PPARγ were investigated by surface plasmon resonance and reporter gene assay, respectively. Human preadipocytes were continuously exposed to BPA, BPS, BPB, BPF, BPAF, and the PPARγ-antagonist GW9662. After 12 days of differentiation, lipid production was quantified via Oil Red O staining, and global protein profiles were assessed using LC-MS/MS-based proteomics. All tested bisphenols bound to human PPARγ with similar efficacy as the natural ligand 15d-PGJ2in vitroand provoked an antagonistic effect on PPARγ in the reporter gene assay at non-cytotoxic concentrations. During the differentiation of human preadipocytes, all bisphenols decreased lipid production. Global proteomics displayed a down-regulation of adipogenesis and metabolic pathways, similar to GW9662. Interestingly, pro-inflammatory pathways were up-regulated, MCP1 release was increased, and adiponectin decreased. pAKT/AKT ratios revealed significantly reduced insulin sensitivity by BPA, BPB, and BPS upon insulin stimulation.Thus, our results show that not only BPA but also its substitutes disrupt crucial metabolic functions and insulin signaling in adipocytes under low, environmentally relevant concentrations. This effect, mediated through inhibition of PPARγ, may promote hypertrophy of adipose tissue and increase the risk of developing metabolic syndrome, including insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Schaffert
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Laura Krieg
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Juliane Weiner
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG), Leipzig, Germany; Department of Endocrinology, Nephrology Rheumatology, University Hospital Leipzig Medical Research Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rita Schlichting
- Department of Cell Toxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Elke Ueberham
- Department of Therapy Validation, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Isabel Karkossa
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mario Bauer
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kathrin Landgraf
- Center for Pediatric Research, Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kristin M Junge
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jörg Lehmann
- Department of Therapy Validation, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Beate I Escher
- Department of Cell Toxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany; Environmental Toxicology, Center for Applied Geoscience, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ana C Zenclussen
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Körner
- Center for Pediatric Research, Hospital for Children & Adolescents, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG), Leipzig, Germany; Department of Endocrinology, Nephrology Rheumatology, University Hospital Leipzig Medical Research Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - John T Heiker
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kristin Schubert
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany.
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15
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Rydzewska M, Nikołajuk A, Matulewicz N, Stefanowicz M, Karczewska-Kupczewska M. Serum secreted frizzled-related protein 5 in relation to insulin sensitivity and its regulation by insulin and free fatty acids. Endocrine 2021; 74:300-307. [PMID: 34184187 PMCID: PMC8497315 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-021-02793-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5) is an adipokine, which acts as an inhibitor of noncanonical WNT signaling pathway. It has been suggested to exert anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects, however, contradictory data has also been reported. The aim of this study was to assess serum SFRP5 concentration in a young healthy population in relation to insulin sensitivity and its regulation by hyperinsulinemia and/or serum free fatty acids (FFA) elevation. METHODS We examined 150 healthy subjects (83 normal-weight and 67 overweight/obese). Insulin sensitivity (M) was measured with hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. In 20 male subjects, clamp was prolonged to 6 h and after 1 week another clamp with the concurrent Intralipid/heparin infusion was performed. Independent group of 10 male subjects received infusions of Intralipid/heparin or saline in 1-week interval. RESULTS Baseline SFRP5 was lower in the overweight/obese group (p = 0.01) and was positively associated with M (r = 0.23, p = 0.006) and serum adiponectin (r = 0.55, p < 0.001) and negatively with BMI (r = -0.18, p = 0.03). In multiple regression analysis, adiponectin was independently associated with SFRP5. Insulin infusion resulted in a decrease in serum SFRP5, both at 120' (p = 0.02) and 360' (p = 0.031). This effect was not observed during the clamp with Intralipid/heparin as well as during Intralipid/heparin alone or saline infusions. CONCLUSIONS The relation between SFRP5 and insulin sensitivity is mainly dependent on adiponectin. FFA abolish a decrease in circulating SFRP5 caused by insulin, but Intralipid/heparin infusion alone does not regulate SFRP5 concentration. Insulin seems to be more important factor in the regulation of circulating SFRP5 levels than FFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Rydzewska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Nikołajuk
- Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Natalia Matulewicz
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Magdalena Stefanowicz
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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16
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Yoon YS, Liu W, Van de Velde S, Matsumura S, Wiater E, Huang L, Montminy M. Activation of the adipocyte CREB/CRTC pathway in obesity. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1214. [PMID: 34686752 PMCID: PMC8536733 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02735-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of type II diabetes. Increases in adipose tissue mass trigger insulin resistance via the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines from adipocytes and macrophages. CREB and the CRTC coactivators have been found to promote insulin resistance in obesity, although the mechanism is unclear. Here we show that high fat diet feeding activates the CREB/CRTC pathway in adipocytes by decreasing the expression of SIK2, a Ser/Thr kinase that phosphorylates and inhibits CRTCs. SIK2 levels are regulated by the adipogenic factor C/EBPα, whose expression is reduced in obesity. Exposure to PPARγ agonist rescues C/EBPα expression and restores SIK2 levels. CRTC2/3 promote insulin resistance via induction of the chemokines CXCL1/2. Knockout of CRTC2/3 in adipocytes reduces CXCL1/2 expression and improves insulin sensitivity. As administration of CXCL1/2 reverses salutary effects of CRTC2/3 depletion, our results demonstrate the importance of the CREB/CRTC pathway in modulating adipose tissue function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Sil Yoon
- Peptide Biology Laboratories, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Weiyi Liu
- Peptide Biology Laboratories, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Sam Van de Velde
- Peptide Biology Laboratories, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Shigenobu Matsumura
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Osaka Prefecture University, Habikino, Habikino City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ezra Wiater
- Peptide Biology Laboratories, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Ling Huang
- The Razavi Newman Integrative Genomics and Bioinformatics Core, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Marc Montminy
- Peptide Biology Laboratories, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
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17
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Nickl B, Qadri F, Bader M. Anti-inflammatory role of Gpnmb in adipose tissue of mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19614. [PMID: 34608215 PMCID: PMC8490452 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99090-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity can cause a chronic, low-grade inflammation, which is a critical step in the development of type II diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Inflammation is associated with the expression of glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein b (Gpnmb), which is mainly expressed by macrophages and dendritic cells. We generated a Gpnmb-knockout mouse line using Crispr-Cas9 to assess the role of Gpnmb in a diet-induced obesity. The absence of Gpnmb did not affect body weight gain and blood lipid parameters. While wildtype animals became obese but remained otherwise metabolically healthy, Gpnmb-knockout animals developed, in addition to obesity, symptoms of metabolic syndrome such as adipose tissue inflammation, insulin resistance and liver fibrosis. We observed a strong Gpnmb expression in adipose tissue macrophages in wildtype animals and a decreased expression of most macrophage-related genes independent of their inflammatory function. This was corroborated by in vitro data showing that Gpnmb was mostly expressed by reparative macrophages while only pro-inflammatory stimuli induced shedding of Gpnmb. The data suggest that Gpnmb is ameliorating adipose tissue inflammation independent of the polarization of macrophages. Taken together, the data suggest an immune-balancing function of Gpnmb that could delay the metabolic damage caused by the induction of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Nickl
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10178, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fatimunnisa Qadri
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Bader
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany. .,Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10178, Berlin, Germany. .,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany. .,Charité University Medicine, 10117, Berlin, Germany. .,Institute for Biology, University of Lübeck, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.
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18
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Bourebaba L, Kornicka-Garbowska K, Al Naem M, Röcken M, Łyczko J, Marycz K. MSI-1436 improves EMS adipose derived progenitor stem cells in the course of adipogenic differentiation through modulation of ER stress, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:97. [PMID: 33536069 PMCID: PMC7860037 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02102-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is one of the major negative regulators of leptin and insulin signaling, and has been strongly implicated in insulin resistance development in the course of obesity and metabolic syndrome conditions; however, its exact role in controlling adipose tissue biogenesis is still poorly understood. OBJECTIVES This investigation aimed to elucidate whether selective inhibition of PTP1B using MSI-1436 compound may improve and restore the defective adipogenicity of ASCs isolated from EMS-affected horses. METHODS Equine ASC EMS cells were cultured under adipogenic conditions in the presence of PTP1B inhibitor and were subsequently tested for expression of the main adipogenic-related genes using RT-qPCR, changes in free fatty acid profiles by means of GC-MS technique, and for mitochondrial dynamics improvement through the analysis of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and oxidative stress. RESULTS Selective inhibition of PTP1B in equine ASC EMS cells improved substantially adipogenic differentiation by promoting cellular proliferation and normalizing expression of C/EBPalpha, PPARγ, and Adipoq markers that are critical for proper adipogenesis. Levels of secreted adiponectin and PPARγ were also shown to be increased in MSI-1436-conditioned cells, while total leptin levels markedly dropped under the same conditions. Moreover, MSI-1436 treatment enabled the regulation of metabolic-related transcripts that are crosslink to adipogenesis, namely Akt1, Akt2, and SHBG. The obtained results demonstrated also an obvious reduction in intracellular accumulated ROS and NO, as well as mitigated ER stress through the downregulation of Chop, Perk, Atf6, Ire1, and Xbp1 transcripts upon PTP1B inhibition. Furthermore, general fluctuations in FFA composition of all differentiated groups have been highlighted, where palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, and linolelaidic acid that are known to be associated with the development of metabolic disorders were found to be normalized upon PTP1B inhibition during adipogenic differentiation. CONCLUSION The presented data provides the evidence that the use of PTP1B inhibitor may be successful in controlling and enhancing adipogenic differentiation of impaired equine ASCs affected by metabolic syndrome, and thus offers new insights for the management of obesity through the regulation of adipose tissue dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynda Bourebaba
- Department of Experimental Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B Street, A7 Building, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
- International Institute of Translational Medicine, Malin, Jesionowa 11, 55-114, Wisznia Mała, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kornicka-Garbowska
- Department of Experimental Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B Street, A7 Building, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
- International Institute of Translational Medicine, Malin, Jesionowa 11, 55-114, Wisznia Mała, Poland
| | - Mohamad Al Naem
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Equine Clinic-Equine Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Michael Röcken
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Equine Clinic-Equine Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jacek Łyczko
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Marycz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B Street, A7 Building, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland.
- International Institute of Translational Medicine, Malin, Jesionowa 11, 55-114, Wisznia Mała, Poland.
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Equine Clinic-Equine Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
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19
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Dumesic DA, Tulberg A, Leung KL, Fisch SC, Grogan TR, Abbott DH, Naik R, Chazenbalk GD. Accelerated subcutaneous abdominal stem cell adipogenesis predicts insulin sensitivity in normal-weight women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 2020; 116:232-242. [PMID: 33341231 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether subcutaneous (SC) abdominal adipose stem cell differentiation into adipocytes in vitro predicts insulin sensitivity (Si) in vivo in normal-weight women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and controls. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Academic medical center. PATIENT(S) Eight normal-weight women with PCOS and 8 age- and body mass index-matched controls. INTERVENTION(S) Women underwent circulating hormone/metabolic determinations, intravenous glucose tolerance testing, total-body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and SC abdominal fat biopsy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) PPARγ and CEBPa gene expression and lipid content of adipocytes matured in vitro were compared between women with PCOS and control women, and correlated with patient characteristics, systemic Si, and adipose insulin resistance (adipose-IR). RESULT(S) Serum androgen levels, adipose-IR, and percentage of android fat were greater in women with PCOS than control women. Stem cell PPARγ and CEBPa gene expression increased maximally by day 12 without a female-type effect. In control cells, gene expression positively correlated with fasting serum insulin levels (both genes) and adipose-IR (CEBPa) and negatively correlated with Si (CEBPa). Conversely, CEBPa gene expression in PCOS cells negatively correlated with adipose-IR and serum free testosterone, whereas total lipid accumulation in these cells positively corelated with Si. CONCLUSION In normal-weight women with PCOS, accelerated SC abdominal adipose stem cell differentiation into adipocytes in vitro favors Si in vivo, suggesting a role for hyperandrogenism in the evolution of metabolic thrift to enhance fat storage through increased cellular glucose uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Dumesic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Ayli Tulberg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Karen L Leung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Samantha C Fisch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Tristan R Grogan
- Department of Medicine Statistics Core, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - David H Abbott
- OB/GYN, Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Rajanigandha Naik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Gregorio D Chazenbalk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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20
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Åkra S, Aksnes TA, Flaa A, Eggesbø HB, Opstad TB, Njerve IU, Seljeflot I. Markers of remodeling in subcutaneous adipose tissue are strongly associated with overweight and insulin sensitivity in healthy non-obese men. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14055. [PMID: 32820223 PMCID: PMC7441176 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71109-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alteration in extracellular matrix (ECM) in adipose tissues (AT) has been associated with insulin resistance, diabetes and obesity. We investigated whether selected biomarkers of ECM remodeling in AT in healthy subjects associated with the amount and distribution of AT and with glucometabolic variables. Subcutaneous AT and fasting blood samples from 103 middle-aged healthy non-obese men were used. AT gene expression and circulating levels of the biomarkers were quantified. Distribution of AT was assessed by computed tomography, separated into subcutaneous, deep subcutaneous and visceral AT. Insulin sensitivity was measured by glucose clamp technique. Metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, tissue inhibitor of MMP (TIMP)-1 and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 expression in AT correlated significantly to the amount of AT in all compartments (rs = 0.41-0.53, all p ≤ 0.01), and to insulin sensitivity, insulin, C-peptide, waist circumference and body mass index (BMI) (rs = 0.25-0.57, all p ≤ 0.05). MMP-9 was 5.3 fold higher in subjects with insulin sensitivity below median (p = 0.002) and 3.1 fold higher in subjects with BMI above median level (p = 0.013). In our healthy non-obese middle-aged population AT-expressed genes, central in remodeling of ECM, associated strongly with the amount of abdominal AT, overweight and insulin sensitivity, indicating AT-remodeling to play a role also in non-obese individuals. The remodeling process seems furthermore to associate significantly with glucometabolic disturbances.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01412554. Registered 9 August 2011, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01412554?term=NCT01412554 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Sissel Åkra
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Pb 4956 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Tonje A Aksnes
- Section of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Section for Interventional Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Heart-, Lung-, and Vascular-Disease Clinic, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Arnljot Flaa
- Section of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Heidi B Eggesbø
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Trine Baur Opstad
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Pb 4956 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ida U Njerve
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Pb 4956 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingebjørg Seljeflot
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Pb 4956 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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21
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Tai YK, Ng C, Purnamawati K, Yap JLY, Yin JN, Wong C, Patel BK, Soong PL, Pelczar P, Fröhlich J, Beyer C, Fong CHH, Ramanan S, Casarosa M, Cerrato CP, Foo ZL, Pannir Selvan RM, Grishina E, Degirmenci U, Toh SJ, Richards PJ, Mirsaidi A, Wuertz‐Kozak K, Chong SY, Ferguson SJ, Aguzzi A, Monici M, Sun L, Drum CL, Wang J, Franco‐Obregón A. Magnetic fields modulate metabolism and gut microbiome in correlation with
Pgc‐1α
expression: Follow‐up to an in vitro magnetic mitohormetic study. FASEB J 2020; 34:11143-11167. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903005rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yee Kit Tai
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory BICEPS, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Charmaine Ng
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Kristy Purnamawati
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory BICEPS, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Jasmine Lye Yee Yap
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory BICEPS, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Jocelyn Naixin Yin
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory BICEPS, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Craig Wong
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory BICEPS, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Bharati Kadamb Patel
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Poh Loong Soong
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory BICEPS, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Pawel Pelczar
- Centre for Transgenic Models University of Basel Basel Switzerland
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science University of Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | | | - Christian Beyer
- Centre Suisse d'électronique et de microtechnique, CSEM SA Neuchatel Switzerland
| | - Charlene Hui Hua Fong
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory BICEPS, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Sharanya Ramanan
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory BICEPS, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Marco Casarosa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio” University of Florence Florence Italy
- Institute for Biomechanics ETH Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | | | - Zi Ling Foo
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory BICEPS, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Rina Malathi Pannir Selvan
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory BICEPS, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Elina Grishina
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory BICEPS, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Ufuk Degirmenci
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Singapore Singapore
| | - Shi Jie Toh
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory BICEPS, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Pete J. Richards
- Competence Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine University of Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | - Ali Mirsaidi
- Competence Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine University of Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | - Karin Wuertz‐Kozak
- Competence Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine University of Zürich Zürich Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) Rochester NY USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI), National University Heart Centre Singapore (NUHCS) Singapore Singapore
| | - Suet Yen Chong
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI), National University Heart Centre Singapore (NUHCS) Singapore Singapore
| | - Stephen J. Ferguson
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Singapore Singapore
- Competence Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine University of Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | - Adriano Aguzzi
- Institut für Neuropathologie Universitätsspital Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | - Monica Monici
- ASAcampus JL, ASA Res. Div. ‐ Dept. of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio” University of Florence Florence Italy
| | - Lei Sun
- DUKE‐NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Chester L. Drum
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI), National University Heart Centre Singapore (NUHCS) Singapore Singapore
| | - Jiong‐Wei Wang
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI), National University Heart Centre Singapore (NUHCS) Singapore Singapore
- Department of Physiology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Alfredo Franco‐Obregón
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory BICEPS, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Singapore Singapore
- Department of Physiology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Institute for Health Innovation & Technology, iHealthtech National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
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22
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Development of novel human in vitro vascularized adipose tissue model with functional macrophages. Cytotechnology 2020; 72:665-683. [PMID: 32524217 PMCID: PMC7547925 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-020-00407-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation has been proven significant factor in development of type 2 diabetes. So far, most of the adipose tissue related research has been performed in animals, mainly rodent models. The relevance of translation of animal results to humans is questionable. However, in vitro model with relevant human cell source, such as human adipose tissue stromal cells (hASC), can be developed and should be utilized for human adipose tissue research. We developed in vitro models of human adipose tissue utilizing hASC, endothelial cells and monocytes/macrophages. By isolating endothelial cells and macrophages from same adipose tissue as hASC, we were able to provide method for constructing personalized models of adipose tissue. With these models, we studied the effect of macrophages on adipogenesis and protein secretion, with and without vasculature. The models were analyzed for immunocytochemical markers, cell number, triglyceride accumulation and protein secretion. We found that lipid accumulation was greater in adipocytes in the presence of macrophages. Interferon gamma increased this difference between adipocyte culture and Adipocyte-Macrophage co-culture. Protein secretion was affected more by macrophages when vasculature was not present compared to the mild effect when vasculature was present. The vascularized adipose model with macrophages is valuable tool for human adipose tissue research, especially for the personalized medicine approaches; for choosing the right treatments and for studying rare medical conditions.
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23
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Karczewska-Kupczewska M, Nikołajuk A, Stefanowicz M, Matulewicz N, Kowalska I, Strączkowski M. Serum and adipose tissue chemerin is differentially related to insulin sensitivity. Endocr Connect 2020; 9:360-369. [PMID: 32244224 PMCID: PMC7219139 DOI: 10.1530/ec-20-0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to assess serum chemerin concentration and s.c. adipose tissue (SAT) chemerin expression in relation to insulin sensitivity and obesity in young healthy subjects. DESIGN We performed a cross-sectional study including 128 subjects, 44 with normal weight, 44 with overweight and 40 with obesity. METHODS Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp and SAT biopsy were performed. Next, 30 subjects with obesity underwent 12-week weight-reducing dietary intervention. RESULTS Serum chemerin was higher and SAT chemerin expression was lower in subjects with obesity in comparison with other groups. The relationship of serum chemerin with SAT expression and insulin sensitivity were positive in normal weight and overweight individuals, and negative in individuals with obesity. In the entire study population, serum chemerin was also positively related to hsCRP, serum fetuin A and alanine aminotransferase. SAT chemerin was positively related to insulin sensitivity, SAT insulin signaling and adipogenic genes. Weight loss decreased serum chemerin, whereas SAT chemerin increased in subjects with the highest increase in insulin sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS Serum and SAT chemerin is differentially associated with insulin sensitivity and the relationship between serum chemerin and insulin sensitivity depends on adiposity. SAT chemerin is positively associated with insulin sensitivity across a wide range of BMIs and may be proposed as a biomarker of metabolically healthy SAT. Our results suggest that SAT is not the main source of serum chemerin in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Karczewska-Kupczewska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
- Correspondence should be addressed to M Karczewska-Kupczewska:
| | - Agnieszka Nikołajuk
- Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Magdalena Stefanowicz
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Natalia Matulewicz
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Irina Kowalska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Marek Strączkowski
- Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
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24
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Albuquerque A, Óvilo C, Núñez Y, Benítez R, López-Garcia A, García F, Félix MDR, Laranjo M, Charneca R, Martins JM. Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis of Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue from Local Pig Breeds. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E422. [PMID: 32326415 PMCID: PMC7231169 DOI: 10.3390/genes11040422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
When compared to modern lean-type breeds, Portuguese local Alentejano (AL) and Bísaro (BI) pig breeds present a high potential for subcutaneous and intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition which contributes for better meat quality. The aim of this work was to explore the genome function to better understand the underlying physiological mechanisms associated with body fat accretion. Dorsal subcutaneous fat samples were collected at slaughter from adult animals (n = 4 for each breed) with ~150 kg body weight. Total RNA was obtained and sequenced for transcriptome analysis using DESeq2. A total of 458 differentially expressed (DE) genes (q-value < 0.05) were identified, with 263 overexpressed in AL and 195 in BI. Key genes involved in de novo fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation and desaturation were upregulated in AL such as ACLY, FASN, ME1, ELOVL6 and SCD. A functional enrichment analysis of the DE genes was performed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Cholesterol synthesis is suggested to be higher in AL via SREBF2, SCAP and PPARG, while lipolytic activity may be more active in BI through GH and AMPK signalling. Increased signalling of CD40 together with the predicted activation of INSIG1 and INSIG2 in BI suggests that this breed is more sensitive to insulin whereas the AL is less sensitive like the Iberian breed.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Albuquerque
- MED-Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada & Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal;
| | - Cristina Óvilo
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.Ó.); (Y.N.); (R.B.); (A.L.-G.); (F.G.)
| | - Yolanda Núñez
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.Ó.); (Y.N.); (R.B.); (A.L.-G.); (F.G.)
| | - Rita Benítez
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.Ó.); (Y.N.); (R.B.); (A.L.-G.); (F.G.)
| | - Adrián López-Garcia
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.Ó.); (Y.N.); (R.B.); (A.L.-G.); (F.G.)
| | - Fabián García
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.Ó.); (Y.N.); (R.B.); (A.L.-G.); (F.G.)
| | - Maria do Rosário Félix
- MED & Departamento de Fitotecnia, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal;
| | - Marta Laranjo
- MED-Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada & Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal;
| | - Rui Charneca
- MED & Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal;
| | - José Manuel Martins
- MED & Departamento de Zootecnia, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
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25
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Conley SM, Hickson LJ, Kellogg TA, McKenzie T, Heimbach JK, Taner T, Tang H, Jordan KL, Saadiq IM, Woollard JR, Isik B, Afarideh M, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL, Lerman LO. Human Obesity Induces Dysfunction and Early Senescence in Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:197. [PMID: 32274385 PMCID: PMC7113401 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammatory conditions like obesity may adversely impact the biological functions underlying the regenerative potential of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSC). Obesity can impair MSC function by inducing cellular senescence, a growth-arrest program that transitions cells to a pro-inflammatory state. However, the effect of obesity on adipose tissue-derived MSC in human subjects remains unclear. We tested the hypothesis that obesity induces senescence and dysfunction in human MSC. METHODS MSC were harvested from abdominal subcutaneous fat collected from obese and age-matched non-obese subjects (n = 40) during bariatric or kidney donation surgeries, respectively. MSC were characterized, their migration and proliferation assessed, and cellular senescence evaluated by gene expression of cell-cycle arrest and senescence-associated secretory phenotype markers. In vitro studies tested MSC effect on injured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) function. RESULTS Mean age was 59 ± 8 years, 66% were females. Obese subjects had higher body-mass index (BMI) than non-obese. MSC from obese subjects exhibited lower proliferative capacities than non-obese-MSC, suggesting decreased function, whereas their migration remained unchanged. Senescent cell burden and phenotype, manifested as p16, p53, IL-6, and MCP-1 gene expression, were significantly upregulated in obese subjects' MSC. BMI correlated directly with expression of p16, p21, and IL-6. Furthermore, co-incubation with non-obese, but not with obese-MSC, restored VEGF expression and tube formation that were blunted in injured HUVEC. CONCLUSION Human obesity triggers an early senescence program in adipose tissue-derived MSC. Thus, obesity-induced cellular injury may alter efficacy of this endogenous repair system and hamper the feasibility of autologous transplantation in obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabena M. Conley
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - LaTonya J. Hickson
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Todd A. Kellogg
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Travis McKenzie
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | | | - Timucin Taner
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Hui Tang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Kyra L. Jordan
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Ishran M. Saadiq
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - John R. Woollard
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Busra Isik
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Mohsen Afarideh
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Tamar Tchkonia
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - James L. Kirkland
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Lilach O. Lerman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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Karczewska-Kupczewska M, Nikołajuk A, Majewski R, Filarski R, Stefanowicz M, Matulewicz N, Strączkowski M. Changes in adipose tissue lipolysis gene expression and insulin sensitivity after weight loss. Endocr Connect 2020; 9:90-100. [PMID: 31905163 PMCID: PMC6993275 DOI: 10.1530/ec-19-0507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Insulin resistance is a major pathophysiological link between obesity and its metabolic complications. Weight loss (WL) is an effective tool to prevent obesity-related diseases; however, the mechanisms of an improvement in insulin sensitivity (IS) after weight-reducing interventions are not completely understood. The aim of the present study was to analyze the relationships between IS and adipose tissue (AT) expression of the genes involved in the regulation of lipolysis in obese subjects after WL. METHODS Fifty-two obese subjects underwent weight-reducing dietary intervention program. The control group comprised 20 normal-weight subjects, examined at baseline only. Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp and s.c. AT biopsy with subsequent gene expression analysis were performed before and after the program. RESULTS AT expression of genes encoding lipases (PNPLA2, LIPE and MGLL) and lipid-droplet proteins enhancing (ABHD5) and inhibiting lipolysis (PLIN1 and CIDEA) were decreased in obese individuals in comparison with normal-weight individuals. The group of 38 obese participants completed dietary intervention program and clamp studies, which resulted in a significant WL and an improvement in mean IS. However, in nine subjects from this group IS did not improve in response to WL. AT expression of PNPLA2, LIPE and PLIN1 increased only in the group without IS improvement. CONCLUSIONS Excessive lipolysis may prevent an improvement in IS during WL. The change in AT PNPLA2 and LIPE expression was a negative predictor of the change in IS after WL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Karczewska-Kupczewska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
- Correspondence should be addressed to M Karczewska-Kupczewska:
| | - Agnieszka Nikołajuk
- Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Radosław Majewski
- Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Remigiusz Filarski
- Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Magdalena Stefanowicz
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Natalia Matulewicz
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Marek Strączkowski
- Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
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27
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Lin H, Tas E, Børsheim E, Mercer KE. Circulating miRNA Signatures Associated with Insulin Resistance in Adolescents with Obesity. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:4929-4939. [PMID: 33328751 PMCID: PMC7735788 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s273908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are implicated in metabolic changes accompanying progression of obesity, insulin resistance (IR), and metabolic disorders in children. Identifying circulating miRNAs that uniquely associate with these disorders may be useful in early identification and prevention of obesity-related complications. We aimed to identify circulating miRNA signatures that distinguish adolescents with obesity and IR from those with obesity unaccompanied by IR. METHODS Adolescents (aged 10-17 years) with obesity were recruited from a weight management clinic. Fasting serum samples were obtained from 33 participants. A total of 179 miRNAs were queried by a quantitative RT-PCR-based miRNA focus panel. Differentially expressed miRNAs were compared between groups using Student's t-test or one-way ANOVA analysis, and the association between IR evaluated by homeostatic model assessment model (HOMA-IR > 4) and body mass index (BMI) status was assessed using Pearson's correlation analysis. RESULTS We found an expression pattern consisting of 12 elevated miRNAs linked to IR in obese adolescents. miR-30d, -221, and -122 were significantly correlated with clinical and biochemical markers of obesity and IR, suggestive of IR in adolescents at risk. CONCLUSION Specific signatures of circulating miRNAs reflected metabolic phenotypes and predicted the presence of IR in adolescents with obesity, suggesting that miRNA indicators may identify obesity-associated complications in childhood. Further studies will be needed to understand cause versus effect and the mechanisms by which IR status links to changes in blood miRNA profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Lin
- Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Emir Tas
- Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Endocrinology and Diabetes, Arkansas Children’s Hospital, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Center for Childhood Obesity Prevention, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Arkansas Children’s Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Elisabet Børsheim
- Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Center for Childhood Obesity Prevention, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Arkansas Children’s Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Kelly E Mercer
- Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Center for Childhood Obesity Prevention, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Correspondence: Kelly E Mercer; Haixia Lin Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center, 15 Children’s Way, Little Rock, AR72202, USATel +1-501-364-2706Fax +1-501-364-3161 Email ;
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Ruiz-Ojeda FJ, Méndez-Gutiérrez A, Aguilera CM, Plaza-Díaz J. Extracellular Matrix Remodeling of Adipose Tissue in Obesity and Metabolic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194888. [PMID: 31581657 PMCID: PMC6801592 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a network of different proteins and proteoglycans that controls differentiation, migration, repair, survival, and development, and it seems that its remodeling is required for healthy adipose tissue expansion. Obesity drives an excessive lipid accumulation in adipocytes, which provokes immune cells infiltration, fibrosis (an excess of deposition of ECM components such as collagens, elastin, and fibronectin) and inflammation, considered a consequence of local hypoxia, and ultimately insulin resistance. To understand the mechanism of this process is a challenge to treat the metabolic diseases. This review is focused at identifying the putative role of ECM in adipose tissue, describing its structure and components, its main tissue receptors, and how it is affected in obesity, and subsequently the importance of an appropriate ECM remodeling in adipose tissue expansion to prevent metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Ruiz-Ojeda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain.
- RG Adipocytes and metabolism, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Center Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Munich, Germany.
| | - Andrea Méndez-Gutiérrez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain.
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n. 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
- CIBEROBN (CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Concepción María Aguilera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain.
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n. 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
- CIBEROBN (CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Julio Plaza-Díaz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain.
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n. 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
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Hyperglycemia Changes Expression of Key Adipogenesis Markers (C/EBPα and PPARᵞ)and Morphology of Differentiating Human Visceral Adipocytes. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11081835. [PMID: 31398873 PMCID: PMC6723080 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Disturbances in adipose tissue significantly contribute to the development of metabolic disorders, which are connected with hyperglycemia (HG) and underlain by epigenetics-based mechanisms. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effect of hyperglycemia on proliferating, differentiating and maturating human visceral pre/adipocytes (HPA-v). Three stages of cell culture were conducted under constant or variable glycemic conditions. Adipogenesis progress was assessed using BODIPY 505/515 staining. Lipid content typical for normal and hyperglycemic conditions of adipocytes was analyzed using Raman spectroscopy and imaging. Expression of adipogenic markers, PPARγ and C/EBPα, was determined at the mRNA and protein levels. We also examined expression of miRNAs proven to target PPARγ (miR-34a-5p) and C/EBPα (miR-137-3p), employing TaqMan Low-Density Arrays (TLDA) cards. Hyperglycemia altered morphology of differentiating HPA-v in relation to normoglycemia by accelerating the formation of lipid droplets and making their numbers and volume increase. Raman results confirmed that the qualitative and quantitative lipid composition under normal and hyperglycemic conditions were different, and that the number of lipid droplets increased in (HG)-treated cells. Expression profiles of both examined genes markedly changed either during adipogenesis under physiological and hyperglycemic conditions, orat particular stages of adipogenesis upon chronic and/or variable glycemia. Expression levels of PPARγ seemed to correspond to some expression changes of miR-34a-5p. miR-137-3p, whose expression was rather stable throughout the culture, did not seem to affect C/EBPα. Our observations revealed that chronic and intermittent hyperglycemia change the morphology of visceral pre/adipocytes during adipogenesis. Moreover, hyperglycemia may utilize miR-34a-5p to induce some expression changes in PPARγ.
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Zaidi H, Byrkjeland R, Njerve IU, Åkra S, Solheim S, Arnesen H, Seljeflot I, Opstad TB. Effects of exercise training on markers of adipose tissue remodeling in patients with coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus: sub study of the randomized controlled EXCADI trial. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2019; 11:109. [PMID: 31890043 PMCID: PMC6923919 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-019-0508-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Investigate effects of long-term exercise on the remodeling markers MMP-9, TIMP-1, EMMPRIN and Galectin-3 in combined type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. Any associations between these biomarkers and glucometabolic variables were further assessed at baseline. METHODS 137 patients (age 41-81 years, 17.2% females) were included and randomized to a 12-months exercise program or to a control group. Fasting blood samples and subcutaneous adipose tissue (AT) samples were taken at inclusion and after 12-months. The intervention was a combination of aerobic and strength training for a minimum of 150 min per week. Circulating protein levels were measured by ELISA methods and RNA was extracted from AT and circulating leukocytes. Expression levels were relatively quantified by PCR. RESULTS After 12 months of intervention, both AT-expression and circulating levels of EMMPRIN were increased in the exercise group (p < 0.05, both) with significant difference in change between the two groups (p < 0.05 both). No significant effect was observed on MMP-9, TIMP-1 and Galectin-3. Levels of TIMP-1 (AT-expression and circulating) were significantly correlated to insulin, and HOMA2- after Bonferroni correction (p = 0.001, by 48 performed correlations). CONCLUSION The increase in levels of EMMPRIN after long-term exercise training, might indicate some degree of AT remodeling in these patients after 12-months of exercise, whether beneficial or not. The remodeling markers were to some extent associated with glucometabolic variables in our population with the combined disease.Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01232608. Registered 2 November 2010.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Zaidi
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Nydalen, PB 4956, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rune Byrkjeland
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Nydalen, PB 4956, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ida U. Njerve
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Nydalen, PB 4956, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sissel Åkra
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Nydalen, PB 4956, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Svein Solheim
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Nydalen, PB 4956, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Harald Arnesen
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Nydalen, PB 4956, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingebjørg Seljeflot
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Nydalen, PB 4956, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Trine B. Opstad
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Nydalen, PB 4956, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Strączkowski M, Nikołajuk A, Majewski R, Filarski R, Stefanowicz M, Matulewicz N, Karczewska-Kupczewska M. The effect of moderate weight loss, with or without (1, 3)(1, 6)-β-glucan addition, on subcutaneous adipose tissue inflammatory gene expression in young subjects with uncomplicated obesity. Endocrine 2018; 61:275-284. [PMID: 29737494 PMCID: PMC6061191 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-018-1619-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity is characterized by insulin resistance and low-grade systemic and adipose tissue (AT) inflammation. It remains unclear whether beneficial effects of weight loss are related to AT inflammation. We aimed to assess the effect of weight loss during low-calorie diet on insulin sensitivity, AT expression of genes associated with inflammation in young subjects with obesity. Furthermore, we estimated the effects of immunomodulatory (1, 3)(1, 6)-β-glucan (BG) on the above parameters. METHODS The study group comprised 52 subjects with obesity. Twelve-week dietary intervention was applied, with randomization to receive or not 500 mg BG daily. Euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp, subcutaneous AT biopsy were performed before and after the program. Twenty normal-weight subjects, examined at baseline, served as a control group. RESULTS At baseline, obese subjects had lower insulin sensitivity, lower AT ADIPOQ, JAK1, and JAK2 expression and higher AT expression of LEP, IL6ST, STAT3, MIF, CCL2, MMP9, and IL18. Forty obese subjects completed dietary intervention program, which resulted in 11.3% weight loss and 27% increase in insulin sensitivity (both p < 0.0001). AT IL6R, IL6ST, JAK1, and JAK2 expression increased, whereas MIF, CCL2, MMP9, and IL18 gene expression did not change in response to weight loss. BG addition had no effect on any of the parameters studied. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that reduction in AT inflammation is not required for an improvement in insulin action during weight loss in subjects with uncomplicated obesity. BG does not have effects during dietary intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Strączkowski
- Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland.
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Nikołajuk
- Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Radosław Majewski
- Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Remigiusz Filarski
- Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Magdalena Stefanowicz
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Natalia Matulewicz
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Monika Karczewska-Kupczewska
- Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Nikołajuk A, Matulewicz N, Stefanowicz M, Karczewska-Kupczewska M. Serum Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 and Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) Are Increased in Young Healthy Nonobese Subjects with Positive Family History of Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Endocrinol 2018; 2018:3470412. [PMID: 30302090 PMCID: PMC6158960 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3470412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance increases the risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) even in the absence of classic risk factors, such as hyperglycemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity. Low-grade chronic inflammatory state is associated both with insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. An increased circulating level of proinflammatory proatherogenic factors and biomarkers of endothelial activation was observed in diabetes and CVD. The aim of our study was to assess serum proatherogenic and proinflammatory factors in young healthy nonobese subjects with positive family history of type 2 diabetes. We studied 74 young healthy nonobese subjects with normal glucose tolerance (age < 35 years, BMI < 30 kg/m2), 29 with positive family history of type 2 diabetes (relatives, 25 males and 4 females) and 45 subjects without family history of diabetes (control group, 39 males and 6 females). Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp was performed, and serum concentrations of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin 18 (IL-18), macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1 (MIC-1), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9), and soluble forms of adhesion molecules were measured. Relatives had markedly lower insulin sensitivity (p = 0.019) and higher serum MMP-9 (p < 0.001) and MIF (p = 0.006), but not other chemokines and biomarkers of endothelial function. Insulin sensitivity correlated negatively with serum MMP-9 (r = -0.23, p = 0.045). Our data show that young healthy subjects with positive family history of type 2 diabetes already demonstrate an increase in some nonclassical cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Nikołajuk
- Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Natalia Matulewicz
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Magdalena Stefanowicz
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Monika Karczewska-Kupczewska
- Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
- Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Ray A. Tumor-linked HER2 expression: association with obesity and lipid-related microenvironment. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2017; 32:/j/hmbci.ahead-of-print/hmbci-2017-0020/hmbci-2017-0020.xml. [PMID: 29087955 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2017-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with the risk of several health disorders including certain cancers. Among obesity-related cancers, postmenopausal breast carcinoma is a well-studied one. Apart from an increase in certain types of lipids in obesity, excess adipose tissue releases many hormone-like cytokines/adipokines, which are usually pro-inflammatory in nature. Leptin is one of such adipokines and significantly linked with the intracellular signaling pathways of other growth factors such as insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). In general, HER2 is overexpressed in roughly 30% of breast carcinomas; its presence indicates aggressive tumor behavior. Conversely, HER2 has certain effects in normal conditions such as differentiation of preadipocytes, cardiovascular health and vitamin D metabolism. HER2 has no known endogenous ligand, but it may form dimers with other three members of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family and can activate downstream signaling pathways. Furthermore, HER2 is intimately connected with several enzymes, e.g. fatty acid synthase (FASN), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), AKT and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), all of which play significant regulatory roles in lipogenic pathways or lipid metabolism. In obesity-related carcinogenesis, characteristics like insulin resistance and elevated IGF-1 are commonly observed. Both IGF-1 and leptin can modulate EGFR and HER2 signaling pathways. Although clinical studies have shown mixed results, the behavior of HER2+ tumor cells including HER2 levels can be altered by several factors such as obesity, leptin and fatty acids. A precise knowledge is useful in new therapeutic approaches against HER+ tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amitabha Ray
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Seton Hill University, 20 Seton Hill Drive, Greensburg, PA 15601, USA, Phone: +(724) 552-2882, Fax: +(724) 552-2865
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