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Alshammri F, Geddie H, Sawalha N, Kim G, McAssey K, Morrison KM. Factors Associated With the Development of Dyslipidemia Among Pediatric Patients With Diabetes: A Single-centre-based Study. Can J Diabetes 2023; 47:611-617. [PMID: 37392858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The prevalence of pediatric diabetes is increasing. Dyslipidemia is an important modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factor often present in children with diabetes. In this study, we evaluated the adherence to Diabetes Canada 2018 lipid screening guidelines in a pediatric diabetes program to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia in youth with diabetes and to identify risk factors related to dyslipidemia. METHODS This retrospective chart review included patients at McMaster Children's Hospital with diabetes (types 1 and 2), who were at least 12 years of age as of January 1, 2019. Extracted data included age, sex, family history of diabetes or dyslipidemia, date of diagnosis, body mass index, glycemia monitoring system used, lipid profile, glycated hemoglobin (A1C), and thyroid-stimulating hormone values at the time the lipid profile was measured. Statistical methods included descriptive statistics and logistic regression modelling. RESULTS Of the 305 patients included, 61% had a lipid profile measured according to guidelines, 29% had lipid screening completed outside of the recommended window, and 10% had no lipid profile on record. Among screened patients, 45% had dyslipidemia, most commonly hypertriglyceridemia (35%). Dyslipidemia was highest amongst those with type 2 diabetes, obesity, older age, short duration of diabetes, higher A1C, and those who used capillary blood glucose for monitoring (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS A high proportion of patients were screened for dyslipidemia, but many outside the recommended window. Dyslipidemia is highly prevalent in this patient population and was associated with the presence of obesity, but 44% of patients without obesity also had dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahd Alshammri
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hannah Geddie
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Noor Sawalha
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gloria Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen McAssey
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katherine M Morrison
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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Cho IR, Han KD, Lee SH, Choi YH, Chung KH, Choi JH, Park N, Lee MW, Paik WH, Ryu JK, Kim YT. Association between glycemic status and the risk of acute pancreatitis: a nationwide population-based study. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:104. [PMID: 37208706 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01086-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although diabetes is reportedly associated with the occurrence of acute pancreatitis (AP), the risk of AP according to the duration and severity of diabetes is not yet clear. We aimed to investigate the risk of AP based on glycemic status and the presence of comorbidities using a nationwide population-based study. METHODS We enrolled 3,912,496 adults who underwent health examinations under the National Health Insurance Service in 2009. All participants were categorized by glycemic status as normoglycemic, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), or diabetes. Baseline characteristics and the presence of comorbidities at the time of health check-up were investigated, and the occurrence of AP was followed up until 31 December 2018. We estimated the adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for AP occurrence according to the glycemic status, duration of diabetes (new-onset, duration < 5 years, or ≥ 5 years), type and number of anti-diabetic medications, and presence of comorbidities. RESULTS During the observation period of 32,116,716.93 person-years, 8,933 cases of AP occurred. Compared with normoglycemia, the aHRs (95% confidence interval) were 1.153 (1.097-1.212) in IFG, 1.389 (1.260-1.531) in new-onset diabetes, 1.634 (1.496-1.785) in known diabetes < 5 years, and 1.656 (1.513-1.813) in patients with known diabetes aged ≥ 5 years. The presence of comorbidities associated with diabetes severity had a synergistic effect on the relationship between diabetes and AP occurrence. CONCLUSION As glycemic status worsens, the risk of AP increases, and there is a synergistic effect when comorbidities coexist. To reduce the risk of AP, active control of factors that can cause AP should be considered in patients with long-standing diabetes and comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Rae Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Do Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyub Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Hoon Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwang Hyun Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ho Choi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Namyoung Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Woo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Hyun Paik
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Kon Ryu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Tae Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Seyed Ahmadi S, Pivodic A, Svensson AM, Wedel H, Rathsman B, Nyström T, Ludvigsson J, Lind M. Risk factors for nephropathy in persons with type 1 diabetes: a population-based study. Acta Diabetol 2022; 59:761-772. [PMID: 35201418 PMCID: PMC9085666 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-022-01863-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Albuminuria is strongly associated with risk of renal dysfunction, cardiovascular disease and mortality. However, clinical guidelines diverge, and evidence is sparse on what risk factor levels regarding blood pressure, blood lipids and BMI are needed to prevent albuminuria in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes. METHODS A total of 9347 children and adults with type 1 diabetes [mean age 15.3 years and mean diabetes duration 1.4 years at start of follow-up] from The Swedish National Diabetes Registry were followed from first registration until end of 2017. Levels for risk factors for a risk increase in nephropathy were evaluated, and the gradient of risk per 1 SD (standard deviation) was estimated to compare the impact of each risk factor. RESULTS During the follow-up period, 8610 (92.1%) remained normoalbuminuric, 737 (7.9%) individuals developed micro- or macroalbuminuria at any time period of whom 132 (17.9% of 737) individuals developed macroalbuminuria. Blood pressure ≥ 140/80 mmHg was associated with increased risk of albuminuria (p ≤ 0.0001), as were triglycerides ≥ 1.0 mmol/L (p = 0.039), total cholesterol ≥ 5.0 mmol/L (p = 0.0003), HDL < 1.0 mmol/L (p = 0.013), LDL 3.5- < 4.0 mmol/L (p = 0.020), and BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 (p = 0.033). HbA1c was the strongest risk factor for any albuminuria estimated by the measure gradient of risk per 1 SD, followed by diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, cholesterol and LDL. In patients with HbA1c > 65 mmol/mol (> 8.1%), blood pressure > 140/70 mmHg was associated with increased risk of albuminuria. CONCLUSIONS Preventing renal complications in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes need avoidance at relatively high levels of blood pressure, blood lipids and BMI, whereas very tight control is not associated with further risk reduction. For patients with long-term poor glycaemic control, stricter blood pressure control is advocated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilan Seyed Ahmadi
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Department of Medicine, Uddevalla Hospital, 45180, Uddevalla, Sweden.
| | - Aldina Pivodic
- Statistiska Konsultgruppen, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Hans Wedel
- Department of Health Metrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Björn Rathsman
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Nyström
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Internal Medicine, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johnny Ludvigsson
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Crown Princess Victoria Children's Hospital, and Division of Paediatrics, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Marcus Lind
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, NU Hospital Group, Uddevalla, Sweden
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Abu-Zaiton A, Alsohaili S, Aljamal A, Algaramseh A, Habash M, Abu-Zaitoo Y, Abu-Samak M. Physiological and Biochemical Changes in Diabetic Rats Treated with Combined Extracts of Artemisia herba-alba and Anabasis syriaca. INT J PHARMACOL 2022. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2022.1084.1092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Changes in Metabolic Regulation and the Microbiota Composition after Supplementation with Different Fatty Acids in db/db Mice. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2022; 2022:3336941. [PMID: 35036426 PMCID: PMC8759926 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3336941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The effects of fatty acids on health vary and depend on the type, amount, and route of consumption. EPA and DHA have a defined role in health, unlike coconut oil. Objective The aim was to investigate the changes in metabolic regulation and the composition of the culture-dependent microbiota after supplementation with different fatty acids in db/db mice. Material and Methods. We were using 32 8-week-old db/db mice, supplemented for eight weeks with EPA/DHA derived from microalgae as well as coconut oil. The lipid, hormonal profiles, and composition of the culture-dependent microbiota and the phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequencing were determined for identification of the intestinal microbiota. Results Enriched diet with EPA/DHA reduced TNF-α, C-peptide, insulin resistance, resistin, and the plasma atherogenic index, but increased TC, LDL-c, VLDL-c, and TG without changes in HDL-c. Coconut oil raised the HDL-c, GIP, and TNF-α, with TG, insulin resistance, adiponectin, and C-peptide reduced. Conclusion The most abundant microbial populations were Firmicutes and the least Proteobacteria. EPA/DHA derived from microalgae contributes to improving the systemic inflammatory status, but depressed the diversity of the small intestine microbiota. Coconut oil only decreased the C-peptide, raising TNF-α, with an unfavorable hormonal and lipid profile.
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Bielska A, Niemira M, Bauer W, Sidorkiewicz I, Szałkowska A, Skwarska A, Raczkowska J, Ostrowski D, Gugała K, Dobrzycki S, Krętowski A. Serum miRNA Profile in Diabetic Patients With Ischemic Heart Disease as a Promising Non-Invasive Biomarker. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:888948. [PMID: 35663309 PMCID: PMC9157821 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.888948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing morbidity and mortality of type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) highlight an urgent need to identify early biomarkers, which would help to predict individual risk of development of IHD. Here, we postulate that circulating serum-derived micro RNAs (miRNAs) may serve as potential biomarkers for early IHD diagnosis and support the identification of diabetic individuals with a predisposition to undergo IHD. We obtained serum samples from T2DM patients either with IHD or IHD-free and analysed the expression levels of 798 miRNAs using the NanoString nCounter technology platform. The prediction of the putative miRNAs targets was performed using the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis was used to identify the biological function and signalling pathways associated with miRNA target genes. Hub genes of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were identified by STRING database and Cytotoscape tool. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to assess the diagnostic value of identified miRNAs. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used for nCounter platform data validation. Our data showed that six miRNAs (miR-615-3p, miR-3147, miR-1224-5p, miR-5196-3p, miR-6732-3p, and miR-548b-3p) were significantly upregulated in T2DM IHD patients compared to T2DM patients without IHD. Further analysis indicated that 489 putative target genes mainly affected the endothelin-1 signalling pathway, glucocorticoid biosynthesis, and apelin cardiomyocyte signalling pathway. All tested miRNAs showed high diagnostic value (AUC = 0.779 - 0.877). Taken together, our research suggests that circulating miRNAs might have a crucial role in the development of IHD in diabetic patients and may be used as a potential biomarker for early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Bielska
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
- *Correspondence: Agnieszka Bielska,
| | - Magdalena Niemira
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Witold Bauer
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Iwona Sidorkiewicz
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Anna Szałkowska
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Anna Skwarska
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Justyna Raczkowska
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Damian Ostrowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Kamil Gugała
- Department of Invasive Cardiology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Sławomir Dobrzycki
- Department of Invasive Cardiology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Adam Krętowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Valente F, Valente T, Crispim F, Bittencourt CS, Piveta VM, Moises RCMS, de Sá JR, Dib SA. Parents' cardiovascular risk factors are related to overweight and obesity in young Brazilians with type 1 diabetes. J Diabetes Complications 2022; 36:108082. [PMID: 34865986 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2021.108082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM To identify family background characteristics and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors linked to overweight and obesity in Brazilian with type 1 diabetes (T1D). METHODS We performed cross-sectional anthropometric and laboratory analyses in young individuals with T1D. RESULTS Among 181 participants, 87 were women and 94 were men (64%/78% normal weight, 27%/15% overweight and 9%/7% obese). Obese men were older; were more likely to be Black; had higher triglyceride levels and diastolic blood pressure (BP), lower estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) and higher prevalence of first-degree relatives (FDR) with hypertension and early CVD. Overweight and obese women were more likely to have lower eGDR, and obese women were more likely to have FDR with obesity. CONCLUSION One third of young people with T1D were overweight or obese. Excess weight was associated with family history (FH) of obesity for women and FH of early CVD or hypertension for men. BMI was related to decreased insulin sensitivity in both genders, but only men with T1D had metabolic impairment. Our data highlight the importance of considering family background in individuals with T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Valente
- Diabetes Centre of Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Brazil.
| | - Tatiana Valente
- Diabetes Centre of Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Brazil
| | - Felipe Crispim
- Diabetes Centre of Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Brazil
| | | | - Valdecira Maria Piveta
- Diabetes Centre of Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Brazil
| | | | - João Roberto de Sá
- Diabetes Centre of Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Atala Dib
- Diabetes Centre of Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Brazil
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Taha HSED, Kandil H, Farag N, Oraby A, Sharkawy ME, Fawzy F, Mahrous H, Bahgat J, Samy M, Aboul M, Abdrabou M, Shaker MM. Egyptian practical guidance in hypertriglyceridemia management 2021. Egypt Heart J 2021; 73:107. [PMID: 34928475 PMCID: PMC8688602 DOI: 10.1186/s43044-021-00235-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) is a very common, yet underappreciated problem in clinical practice. Elevated triglyceride (TG) levels are independently associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk. Furthermore, severe HTG may lead to acute pancreatitis. Although LDL-guided statin therapy has improved ASCVD outcomes, residual risk remains. Recent trials have demonstrated that management of high TG levels, in patients already on statin therapy, reduces the rate of major vascular events. Few guidelines were issued, providing important recommendations for HTG management strategies. The goal of treatment is to reduce the risk of ASCVD and acute pancreatitis. The management stands on lifestyle modification, detection of secondary causes of HTG and pharmacological therapy, when indicated. In this guidance we review the causes and classification of HTG and summarize the current methods for risk estimation, diagnosis and treatment. The present guidance provides a focused update on the management of HTG, outlined in a simple user-friendly format, with an emphasis on the latest available data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham Salah El Din Taha
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 27 Nafezet Sheem El Shafae St Kasr Al Ainy, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Hossam Kandil
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 27 Nafezet Sheem El Shafae St Kasr Al Ainy, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | | | | | | | - Fouad Fawzy
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 27 Nafezet Sheem El Shafae St Kasr Al Ainy, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Hossam Mahrous
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 27 Nafezet Sheem El Shafae St Kasr Al Ainy, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Juliette Bahgat
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 27 Nafezet Sheem El Shafae St Kasr Al Ainy, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Mina Samy
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 27 Nafezet Sheem El Shafae St Kasr Al Ainy, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Aboul
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 27 Nafezet Sheem El Shafae St Kasr Al Ainy, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Abdrabou
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 27 Nafezet Sheem El Shafae St Kasr Al Ainy, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Mirna Mamdouh Shaker
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 27 Nafezet Sheem El Shafae St Kasr Al Ainy, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
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Ducharme-Smith K, Caulfield LE, Brady TM, Rosenstock S, Mueller NT, Garcia-Larsen V. Higher Diet Quality in African-American Adolescents Is Associated with Lower Odds of Metabolic Syndrome: Evidence from the NHANES. J Nutr 2021; 151:1609-1617. [PMID: 33768240 PMCID: PMC9034326 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Development of clinical risk factors linked to metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adolescence is associated with higher incidence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular events in adulthood. Given the increasing burden of obesity and MetS in African-American (AA) youth, there is a need to establish the relation of MetS with modifiable risk factors such as diet quality, because these data may enhance preventative and treatment approaches. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to assess diet quality, measured by the Alternative Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI-2010) and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) pattern score, in AA adolescents and youth (aged 12-21 y) from the NHANES, and to investigate the association of diet quality with MetS and its components. METHODS This study is a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES data from the 2005-2016 cycles (n = 2459). Survey-weighted logistic regression models were used to assess the association of diet quality with the prevalence of MetS and individual cardiometabolic components [overweight/obesity, hypertensive blood pressure (BP), impaired fasting glucose, low HDL cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia]. RESULTS The mean ± SD AHEI-2010 score was 38.9 ± 9.7 and DASH pattern score was 21.8 ± 4.4, which is equivalent to 35% adherence to recommendations to achieve an optimal diet quality and 45% adherence to the DASH-style dietary pattern, respectively. Compared with those within the lowest quartile of DASH pattern score, individuals in the fourth quartile group had 0.63 (95% CI: 0.41, 0.97) times the odds of having hypertensive BP. Among individuals with complete clinical measures (n = 1007), individuals within the highest-quartile AHEI-2010 group had 0.25 (95% CI: 0.06, 0.99) times the odds of having MetS compared with those within the lowest quartile. CONCLUSIONS Diet quality in US AA youth is low. Higher DASH pattern scores were associated with lower odds of hypertensive BP and higher AHEI-2010 scores were associated with lower odds of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirstie Ducharme-Smith
- Program in Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Laura E Caulfield
- Program in Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tammy M Brady
- Pediatric Hypertension Program, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Pediatrics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Summer Rosenstock
- Social and Behavioral Interventions Program, Department of International Health, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Noel T Mueller
- Program in Cardiovascular and Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Recent Highlights of Research on miRNAs as Early Potential Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063153. [PMID: 33808800 PMCID: PMC8003798 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications pose a serious threat to the life and health of patients around the world. The most dangerous complications of this disease are vascular complications. Microvascular complications of T2DM include retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. In turn, macrovascular complications include coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease, and cerebrovascular disease. The currently used diagnostic methods do not ensure detection of the disease at an early stage, and they also do not predict the risk of developing specific complications. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, endogenous, noncoding molecules that are involved in key processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Recent research has assigned them an important role as potential biomarkers for detecting complications related to diabetes. We suggest that utilizing miRNAs can be a routine approach for early diagnosis and prognosis of diseases and may enable the development of better therapeutic approaches. In this paper, we conduct a review of the latest reports demonstrating the usefulness of miRNAs as biomarkers in the vascular complications of T2DM.
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Garg G, Patil AN, Kumar R, Bhatia A, Kasudhan KS, Pattanaik S. Protective role of Convolvulus pluricaulis on lipid abnormalities in high-fat diet with low dose streptozotocin-induced experimental rat model. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2020; 11:426-431. [PMID: 32814671 PMCID: PMC7772484 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2020.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The methanolic extract of Convolvulus pluricaulis had earlier shown lipid lowering activity in Triton induced reversible hyperlipidemia model, but, the hypolipidemic activity in irreversible models and hypoglycaemic activity are not investigated so far. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to validate the lipid and glucose-lowering actions of C. pluricaulis methanolic extract (CPME) by using ingredients from the Indian diet for induction of hyperlipidemia and diabetes on experimental rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Experimental animals were divided into four groups having six animals in each group (n = 6). Animals of Group I II, III and IV received - no treatment, 0.9% NaCl, Glipizide (GPZ) 5 mg/kg and CPME 400 mg/kg once daily for two weeks respectively. Animals of all groups except group I were fed a high fat-based Indian diet for 21 days followed by a single STZ (35 mg/kg) i.p. administration in model induction phase. Afterwards, animals were sacrificed, and the pancreas was dissected for histological changes, and blood was collected for measuring lipid parameters, FBS, insulin levels, and HOMA scores. RESULTS CPME significantly ameliorate the lipid abnormalities in HFD-STZ-treated experimental model (p < 0.001) but fails to reverse the hyperglycaemia developed in diabetic rats with no protective effect on islet architecture (p > 0.05) as compared to experimental group while, GPZ showed protective effect on both lipid abnormalities and hyperglycemia by modulating the levels of lipid parameters and insulin respectively. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the study confirm that CPME possesses significant hypolipidemic activity but fails to reverse the hyperglycaemia developed in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Garg
- Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Amol N Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
| | - Rohit Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Alka Bhatia
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Kripa Shanker Kasudhan
- Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Smita Pattanaik
- Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
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Sobczak AIS, Stewart AJ. Coagulatory Defects in Type-1 and Type-2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E6345. [PMID: 31888259 PMCID: PMC6940903 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes (both type-1 and type-2) affects millions of individuals worldwide. A major cause of death for individuals with diabetes is cardiovascular diseases, in part since both types of diabetes lead to physiological changes that affect haemostasis. Those changes include altered concentrations of coagulatory proteins, hyper-activation of platelets, changes in metal ion homeostasis, alterations in lipid metabolism (leading to lipotoxicity in the heart and atherosclerosis), the presence of pro-coagulatory microparticles and endothelial dysfunction. In this review, we explore the different mechanisms by which diabetes leads to an increased risk of developing coagulatory disorders and how this differs between type-1 and type-2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alan J. Stewart
- Medical and Biological Sciences Building, School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9TF, UK;
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