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de Boer EMJ, Demaegd KC, de Bie CI, Veldink JH, van den Berg LH, van Es MA. Familial motor neuron disease: co-occurrence of PLS and ALS (-FTD). Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2024; 25:53-60. [PMID: 37679883 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2023.2255621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report the frequency and characteristics of patients diagnosed with primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) with a positive family history for motor neuron diseases (MND) in the Netherlands and to compare our findings to the literature. METHODS Patients were identified through our ongoing, prospective population-based study on MND in The Netherlands, which also includes a standardized collection of patient characteristics, genetic testing, and family history. Only patients meeting the latest consensus criteria for definite PLS were included. The family history was considered positive for MND if any family members had been diagnosed with PLS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)(-FTD), or progressive muscular atrophy (PMA). Additionally, the literature was reviewed on PLS cases in which MND co-occurred within the same family. RESULTS We identified 392 definite PLS cases, resulting in 9 families with a PLS patient and a positive family history for MND (2.3%). In only one of these pedigrees, a pathogenic variant (C9orf72 repeat expansion) was found. Our literature review revealed 23 families with a co-occurrence of PLS and MND, with 12 of them having a potentially pathogenic genetic variant. CONCLUSIONS The consistent observation of PLS patients with a positive family history for MND, evident in both our study and the literature, implies the presence of shared underlying genetic factors between PLS and ALS. However, these factors are yet to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M J de Boer
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands and
| | - Koen C Demaegd
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands and
| | - Charlotte I de Bie
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jan H Veldink
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands and
| | - Leonard H van den Berg
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands and
| | - Michael A van Es
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands and
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2
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Vacchiano V, Bonan L, Liguori R, Rizzo G. Primary Lateral Sclerosis: An Overview. J Clin Med 2024; 13:578. [PMID: 38276084 PMCID: PMC10816328 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13020578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder which causes the selective deterioration of the upper motor neurons (UMNs), sparing the lower motor neuron (LMN) system. The clinical course is defined by a progressive motor disability due to muscle spasticity which typically involves lower extremities and bulbar muscles. Although classically considered a sporadic disease, some familiar cases and possible causative genes have been reported. Despite it having been recognized as a rare but distinct entity, whether it actually represents an extreme end of the motor neuron diseases continuum is still an open issue. The main knowledge gap is the lack of specific biomarkers to improve the clinical diagnostic accuracy. Indeed, the diagnostic imprecision, together with some uncertainty about overlap with UMN-predominant ALS and Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia (HSP), has become an obstacle to the development of specific therapeutic trials. In this study, we provided a comprehensive analysis of the existing literature, including neuropathological, clinical, neuroimaging, and neurophysiological features of the disease, and highlighting the controversies still unsolved in the differential diagnoses and the current diagnostic criteria. We also discussed the current knowledge gaps still present in both diagnostic and therapeutic fields when approaching this rare condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veria Vacchiano
- IRCCS, Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, 40139 Bologna, Italy; (V.V.); (R.L.)
| | - Luigi Bonan
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Rocco Liguori
- IRCCS, Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, 40139 Bologna, Italy; (V.V.); (R.L.)
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Rizzo
- IRCCS, Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, 40139 Bologna, Italy; (V.V.); (R.L.)
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3
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Oliveira Santos M, Swash M, de Carvalho M. Current challenges in primary lateral sclerosis diagnosis. Expert Rev Neurother 2024; 24:45-53. [PMID: 38093670 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2023.2295010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) is a rare, adult-onset and slowly progressive motor neuron disorder whose clinical core is characterized by upper motor neuron (UMN) dysfunction. Its formal diagnosis is clinically based and disease duration-dependent. Differentiating PLS from other disorders involving UMN can be challenging, particularly in the early stages. AREAS COVERED Our review covers and discusses different aspects of the PLS field, including the diagnostic criteria and its limitations, its differential diagnosis and their major pitfalls, and the actual role of neurophysiology, neuroimaging, genetics, and molecular biomarkers. Symptomatic treatment of the different manifestations is also addressed. The authors searched MEDLINE and Scopus. They also searched the reference lists of articles identified by our search strategy and reviewed and selected those deemed relevant. They selected papers and studies based on the quality of the report, significance of the findings, and on the author's critical appraise and expertise. EXPERT OPINION It is important to investigate novel molecular biomarkers and plan multicenter clinical trials for PLS. However, this will require a large international project to recruit enough patients, particularly given the diagnostic uncertainty of the current clinical criteria. A better understanding of PLS pathophysiology is crucial for designing disease-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Oliveira Santos
- Institute of Physiology, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Centro de Estudos Egas Moniz, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Michael Swash
- Institute of Physiology, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Centro de Estudos Egas Moniz, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Mamede de Carvalho
- Institute of Physiology, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Centro de Estudos Egas Moniz, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
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4
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Fink JK. The hereditary spastic paraplegias. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2023; 196:59-88. [PMID: 37620092 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-98817-9.00022-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) are a group of more than 90 genetic disorders in which lower extremity spasticity and weakness are either the primary neurologic impairments ("uncomplicated HSP") or when accompanied by other neurologic deficits ("complicated HSP"), important features of the clinical syndrome. Various genetic types of HSP are inherited such as autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, X-linked, and maternal (mitochondrial) traits. Symptoms that begin in early childhood may be nonprogressive and resemble spastic diplegic cerebral palsy. Symptoms that begin later, typically progress insidiously over a number of years. Genetic testing is able to confirm the diagnosis for many subjects. Insights from gene discovery indicate that abnormalities in diverse molecular processes underlie various forms of HSP, including disturbance in axon transport, endoplasmic reticulum morphogenesis, vesicle transport, lipid metabolism, and mitochondrial function. Pathologic studies in "uncomplicated" HSP have shown axon degeneration particularly involving the distal ends of corticospinal tracts and dorsal column fibers. Treatment is limited to symptom reduction including amelioration of spasticity, reducing urinary urgency, proactive physical therapy including strengthening, stretching, balance, and agility exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- John K Fink
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
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5
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Marzoughi S, Pfeffer G, Cashman N. Primary lateral sclerosis. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2023; 196:89-99. [PMID: 37620095 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-98817-9.00021-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Like motor neuron diseases (MNDs) refer to a constellation of primarily sporadic neurodegenerative diseases characterized by a progressive loss of upper and/or lower motor neurons. Primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) is considered a neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by a gradually progressive course affecting the central motor systems, designated by the phrase "upper motor neurons." Despite significant development in neuroimaging, neurophysiology, and molecular biology, there is a growing consensus that PLS is of unknown etiology. Currently there is no disease-modifying treatment for PLS, or prospective randomized trials being carried out, partly due to the rarity of the disease and lack of significant understanding of the underlying pathophysiology. Consequently, the approach to treatment remains largely symptomatic. In this chapter we provide an overview of primary lateral sclerosis including clinical and electrodiagnostic considerations, differential diagnosis, updates in genetics and pathophysiology, and future directions for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Marzoughi
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Gerald Pfeffer
- Department of Neurosciences, Division of Neurology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Neil Cashman
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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6
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Tedesco B, Ferrari V, Cozzi M, Chierichetti M, Casarotto E, Pramaggiore P, Mina F, Piccolella M, Cristofani R, Crippa V, Rusmini P, Galbiati M, Poletti A. The role of autophagy-lysosomal pathway in motor neuron diseases. Biochem Soc Trans 2022; 50:1489-1503. [PMID: 36111809 PMCID: PMC9704526 DOI: 10.1042/bst20220778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Motor neuron diseases (MNDs) include a broad group of diseases in which neurodegeneration mainly affects upper and/or lower motor neurons (MNs). Although the involvement of specific MNs, symptoms, age of onset, and progression differ in MNDs, the main pathogenic mechanism common to most MNDs is represented by proteostasis alteration and proteotoxicity. This pathomechanism may be directly related to mutations in genes encoding proteins involved in the protein quality control system, particularly the autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP). Alternatively, proteostasis alteration can be caused by aberrant proteins that tend to misfold and to aggregate, two related processes that, over time, cannot be properly handled by the ALP. Here, we summarize the main ALP features, focusing on different routes utilized to deliver substrates to the lysosome and how the various ALP pathways intersect with the intracellular trafficking of membranes and vesicles. Next, we provide an overview of the mutated genes that have been found associated with MNDs, how these gene products are involved in different steps of ALP and related processes. Finally, we discuss how autophagy can be considered a valid therapeutic target for MNDs treatment focusing on traditional autophagy modulators and on emerging approaches to overcome their limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Tedesco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Ferrari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Marta Cozzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Marta Chierichetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Casarotto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Pramaggiore
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Mina
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Margherita Piccolella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Riccardo Cristofani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Valeria Crippa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Rusmini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Mariarita Galbiati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Angelo Poletti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
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7
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Baviera-Muñoz R, Campins-Romeu M, Carretero-Vilarroig L, Sastre-Bataller I, Martínez-Torres I, Vázquez-Costa JF, Muelas N, Sevilla T, Vílchez JJ, Aller E, Jaijo T, Bataller L, Espinós C. Clinical and genetic characteristics of 21 Spanish patients with biallelic pathogenic SPG7 mutations. J Neurol Sci 2021; 429:118062. [PMID: 34500365 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2021.118062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Spastic paraplegia type 7 (SPG7) is one of the most common hereditary spastic paraplegias. SPG7 mutations most often lead to spastic paraparesis (HSP) and/or hereditary cerebellar ataxia (HCA), frequently with mixed phenotypes. We sought to clinically and genetically characterize a Spanish cohort of SPG7 patients. Patients were recruited from our HCA and HSP cohorts. We identified twenty-one patients with biallelic pathogenic SPG7 mutations. Mean age at onset was 37.4 years (SD ± 14.3). The most frequent phenotype was spastic ataxia (57%), followed by pure spastic paraplegia (19%) and complex phenotypes (19%). Isolated patients presented with focal or multifocal dystonia, subclinical myopathy or ophthalmoplegia. p.Ala510Val was the most frequent pathogenic variant encountered. Compound heterozygous for p.Ala510Val displayed younger onset (p < 0.05) and more complex phenotypes (p < 0.05) than p.Ala510Val homozygotes. Two novel variants were found: p.Lys559Argfs*33 and p.Ala312Glu. In conclusion, spastic ataxia is the most common phenotype found in Spanish patients. Nonetheless, SPG7 analysis should also be considered in patients with less frequent clinical findings such as dystonia or ophthalmoplegia especially when these symptoms are associated with mild spastic ataxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Baviera-Muñoz
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Neuromuscular and Ataxias Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Rare Diseases Joint Unit, CIPF-IIS La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marina Campins-Romeu
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Rare Diseases Joint Unit, CIPF-IIS La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Lidón Carretero-Vilarroig
- Neuromuscular and Ataxias Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Rare Diseases Joint Unit, CIPF-IIS La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Cell Biology Department, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabel Sastre-Bataller
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Rare Diseases Joint Unit, CIPF-IIS La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Irene Martínez-Torres
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Rare Diseases Joint Unit, CIPF-IIS La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan F Vázquez-Costa
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Neuromuscular and Ataxias Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Rare Diseases Joint Unit, CIPF-IIS La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Spain
| | - Nuria Muelas
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Neuromuscular and Ataxias Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Rare Diseases Joint Unit, CIPF-IIS La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Teresa Sevilla
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Neuromuscular and Ataxias Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Rare Diseases Joint Unit, CIPF-IIS La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan J Vílchez
- Neuromuscular and Ataxias Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Rare Diseases Joint Unit, CIPF-IIS La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Aller
- Rare Diseases Joint Unit, CIPF-IIS La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Genetics, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Teresa Jaijo
- Rare Diseases Joint Unit, CIPF-IIS La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Genetics, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Luis Bataller
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Neuromuscular and Ataxias Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Rare Diseases Joint Unit, CIPF-IIS La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Carmen Espinós
- Rare Diseases Joint Unit, CIPF-IIS La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Laboratory of Rare Neurodegenerative Diseases, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), Valencia, Spain
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8
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Vázquez-Costa JF, Payá-Montes M, Martínez-Molina M, Jaijo T, Szymanski J, Mazón M, Sopena-Novales P, Pérez-Tur J, Sevilla T. Presenilin-1 Mutations Are a Cause of Primary Lateral Sclerosis-Like Syndrome. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:721047. [PMID: 34526879 PMCID: PMC8435856 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.721047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) is a progressive upper motor neuron (UMN) disorder. It is debated whether PLS is part of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) spectrum, or a syndrome encompassing different neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, new diagnostic criteria for PLS have been proposed. We describe four patients of two pedigrees, meeting definite PLS criteria and harboring two different mutations in presenilin 1 (PSEN1). Methods Patients underwent neurological and neuropsychological examination, MRI, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), amyloid-related biomarkers, and next-generation sequencing (NGS) testing. Results Four patients, aged 25–45 years old, presented with a progressive UMN syndrome meeting clinical criteria of definite PLS. Cognitive symptoms and signs were mild or absent during the first year of the disease but appeared or progressed later in the disease course. Brain MRI showed microbleeds in two siblings, but iron-related hypointensities in the motor cortex were absent. Brain FDG-PET showed variable areas of hypometabolism, including the motor cortex and frontotemporal lobes. Amyloid deposition was confirmed with either cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or imaging biomarkers. Two heterozygous likely pathogenic mutations in PSEN1 (p.Pro88Leu and p.Leu166Pro) were found in the NGS testing. Conclusion Clinically defined PLS is a syndrome encompassing different neurodegenerative diseases. The NGS testing should be part of the diagnostic workup in patients with PLS, at least in those with red flags, such as early-onset, cognitive impairment, and/or family history of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Francisco Vázquez-Costa
- Neuromuscular Unit and ERN-NMD Group, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Payá-Montes
- Neuromuscular Unit and ERN-NMD Group, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marina Martínez-Molina
- Neuromuscular Unit and ERN-NMD Group, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Teresa Jaijo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Valencia, Spain.,Genetics Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jazek Szymanski
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Institut de Biomedicina de València-CSIC, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel Mazón
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging Research Group GIBI230, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pablo Sopena-Novales
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Jordi Pérez-Tur
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Institut de Biomedicina de València-CSIC, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Valencia, Spain.,Mixed Unit of Neurology and Genetics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, València, Spain
| | - Teresa Sevilla
- Neuromuscular Unit and ERN-NMD Group, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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9
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Bede P, Pradat PF, Lope J, Vourc'h P, Blasco H, Corcia P. Primary Lateral Sclerosis: Clinical, radiological and molecular features. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2021; 178:196-205. [PMID: 34243936 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2021.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Primary Lateral Sclerosis (PLS) is an uncommon motor neuron disorder. Despite the well-recognisable constellation of clinical manifestations, the initial diagnosis can be challenging and therapeutic options are currently limited. There have been no recent clinical trials of disease-modifying therapies dedicated to this patient cohort and awareness of recent research developments is limited. The recent consensus diagnostic criteria introduced the category 'probable' PLS which is likely to curtail the diagnostic journey of patients. Extra-motor clinical manifestations are increasingly recognised, challenging the view of PLS as a 'pure' upper motor neuron condition. The post mortem literature of PLS has been expanded by seminal TDP-43 reports and recent PLS studies increasingly avail of meticulous genetic profiling. Research in PLS has gained unprecedented momentum in recent years generating novel academic insights, which may have important clinical ramifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bede
- Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France; Computational Neuroimaging Group, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - P-F Pradat
- Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - J Lope
- Computational Neuroimaging Group, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - P Vourc'h
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CHRU Bretonneau, Tours, France; UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, France
| | - H Blasco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CHRU Bretonneau, Tours, France; UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, France
| | - P Corcia
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, France; ALS and MND centre (FILSLAN), University of Tours, "iBrain", inserm, France
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10
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Silani V, Corcia P, Harms MB, Rouleau G, Siddique T, Ticozzi N. Genetics of primary lateral sclerosis. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2021; 21:28-34. [DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2020.1837177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Silani
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milano, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, “Dino Ferrari” Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Philippe Corcia
- Centre de Reference SLA, CHU Tours, and UMR 1253, iBRAIN, Université de Tours, INSERM, Tours, France
| | | | - Guy Rouleau
- Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Teepu Siddique
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nicola Ticozzi
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milano, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, “Dino Ferrari” Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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11
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Gunay A, Shin HH, Gozutok O, Gautam M, Ozdinler PH. Importance of lipids for upper motor neuron health and disease. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 112:92-104. [PMID: 33323321 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Building evidence reveals the importance of maintaining lipid homeostasis for the health and function of neurons, and upper motor neurons (UMNs) are no exception. UMNs are critically important for the initiation and modulation of voluntary movement as they are responsible for conveying cerebral cortex' input to spinal cord targets. To maintain their unique cytoarchitecture with a prominent apical dendrite and a very long axon, UMNs require a stable cell membrane, a lipid bilayer. Lipids can act as building blocks for many biomolecules, and they also contribute to the production of energy. Therefore, UMNs require sustained control over the production, utilization and homeostasis of lipids. Perturbations of lipid homeostasis lead to UMN vulnerability and progressive degeneration in diseases such as hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) and primary lateral sclerosis (PLS). Here, we discuss the importance of lipids, especially for UMNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aksu Gunay
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA, 60611
| | - Heather H Shin
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA, 60611
| | - Oge Gozutok
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA, 60611
| | - Mukesh Gautam
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA, 60611
| | - P Hande Ozdinler
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA, 60611.
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Familia española portadora de una mutación en heterocigosis compuesta en el gen SPG7: de la incertidumbre a la realidad clínica. Neurologia 2020; 35:694-696. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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13
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A Spanish family with a compound heterozygous mutation in SPG7: From uncertainty to clinical reality. NEUROLOGÍA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Gazulla J, Ferrer I, Izquierdo-Alvarez S, Alvarez S, Sánchez-Alcudia R, Bestué-Cardiel M, Seral M, Benavente I, Sierra-Martínez E, Berciano J. Hereditary primary lateral sclerosis and progressive nonfluent aphasia. J Neurol 2019; 266:1079-1090. [DOI: 10.1007/s00415-019-09235-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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15
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Hewamadduma CA, Hoggard N, O'Malley R, Robinson MK, Beauchamp NJ, Segamogaite R, Martindale J, Rodgers T, Rao G, Sarrigiannis P, Shanmugarajah P, Zis P, Sharrack B, McDermott CJ, Shaw PJ, Hadjivassiliou M. Novel genotype-phenotype and MRI correlations in a large cohort of patients with SPG7 mutations. NEUROLOGY-GENETICS 2018; 4:e279. [PMID: 30533525 PMCID: PMC6244025 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Objective To clinically, genetically, and radiologically characterize a large cohort of SPG7 patients. Methods We used data from next-generation sequencing panels for ataxias and hereditary spastic paraplegia to identify a characteristic phenotype that helped direct genetic testing for variations in SPG7. We analyzed MRI. We reviewed all published SPG7 mutations for correlations. Results We identified 42 cases with biallelic SPG7 mutations, including 7 novel mutations, including a large multi-exon deletion, representing one of the largest cohorts so far described. We identified a characteristic phenotype comprising cerebellar ataxia with prominent cerebellar dysarthria, mild lower limb spasticity, and a waddling gait, predominantly from a cohort of idiopathic ataxia. We report a rare brain MRI finding of dentate nucleus hyperintensity on T2 sequences with SPG7 mutations. We confirm that the c.1529C>T allele is frequently present in patients with long-standing British ancestry. Based on the findings of the present study and existing literature, we confirm that patients with homozygous mutations involving the M41 peptidase domain of SPG7 have a younger age at onset compared to individuals with mutations elsewhere in the gene (14 years difference, p < 0.034), whereas c.1529C>T compound heterozygous mutations are associated with a younger age at onset compared to homozygous cases (5.4 years difference, p < 0.022). Conclusions Mutant SPG7 is common in sporadic ataxia. In patients with British ancestry, c.1529C>T allele represents the most frequent mutation. SPG7 mutations can be clinically predicted by the characteristic hybrid spastic-ataxic phenotype described above, along with T2 hyperintensity of the dentate nucleus on MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Channa A Hewamadduma
- Academic Directorate of Neurosciences (C.A.A.H., R.O'.M., M.K.R., S.P., Z.P., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (C.A.A.H., R.S., T.R., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), University of Sheffield; Sheffield Diagnostic Genetics Service (N.J.B., J.M.), Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (G.R., P.S.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Academic Unit of Radiology (N.H.), University of Sheffield, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; and Sheffield NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Translational Neuroscience (C.A.A.H., N.H., R.S., P.S., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), United Kingdom
| | - Nigel Hoggard
- Academic Directorate of Neurosciences (C.A.A.H., R.O'.M., M.K.R., S.P., Z.P., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (C.A.A.H., R.S., T.R., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), University of Sheffield; Sheffield Diagnostic Genetics Service (N.J.B., J.M.), Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (G.R., P.S.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Academic Unit of Radiology (N.H.), University of Sheffield, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; and Sheffield NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Translational Neuroscience (C.A.A.H., N.H., R.S., P.S., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), United Kingdom
| | - Ronan O'Malley
- Academic Directorate of Neurosciences (C.A.A.H., R.O'.M., M.K.R., S.P., Z.P., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (C.A.A.H., R.S., T.R., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), University of Sheffield; Sheffield Diagnostic Genetics Service (N.J.B., J.M.), Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (G.R., P.S.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Academic Unit of Radiology (N.H.), University of Sheffield, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; and Sheffield NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Translational Neuroscience (C.A.A.H., N.H., R.S., P.S., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), United Kingdom
| | - Megan K Robinson
- Academic Directorate of Neurosciences (C.A.A.H., R.O'.M., M.K.R., S.P., Z.P., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (C.A.A.H., R.S., T.R., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), University of Sheffield; Sheffield Diagnostic Genetics Service (N.J.B., J.M.), Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (G.R., P.S.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Academic Unit of Radiology (N.H.), University of Sheffield, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; and Sheffield NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Translational Neuroscience (C.A.A.H., N.H., R.S., P.S., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), United Kingdom
| | - Nick J Beauchamp
- Academic Directorate of Neurosciences (C.A.A.H., R.O'.M., M.K.R., S.P., Z.P., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (C.A.A.H., R.S., T.R., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), University of Sheffield; Sheffield Diagnostic Genetics Service (N.J.B., J.M.), Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (G.R., P.S.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Academic Unit of Radiology (N.H.), University of Sheffield, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; and Sheffield NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Translational Neuroscience (C.A.A.H., N.H., R.S., P.S., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), United Kingdom
| | - Ruta Segamogaite
- Academic Directorate of Neurosciences (C.A.A.H., R.O'.M., M.K.R., S.P., Z.P., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (C.A.A.H., R.S., T.R., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), University of Sheffield; Sheffield Diagnostic Genetics Service (N.J.B., J.M.), Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (G.R., P.S.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Academic Unit of Radiology (N.H.), University of Sheffield, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; and Sheffield NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Translational Neuroscience (C.A.A.H., N.H., R.S., P.S., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), United Kingdom
| | - Jo Martindale
- Academic Directorate of Neurosciences (C.A.A.H., R.O'.M., M.K.R., S.P., Z.P., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (C.A.A.H., R.S., T.R., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), University of Sheffield; Sheffield Diagnostic Genetics Service (N.J.B., J.M.), Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (G.R., P.S.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Academic Unit of Radiology (N.H.), University of Sheffield, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; and Sheffield NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Translational Neuroscience (C.A.A.H., N.H., R.S., P.S., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), United Kingdom
| | - Tobias Rodgers
- Academic Directorate of Neurosciences (C.A.A.H., R.O'.M., M.K.R., S.P., Z.P., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (C.A.A.H., R.S., T.R., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), University of Sheffield; Sheffield Diagnostic Genetics Service (N.J.B., J.M.), Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (G.R., P.S.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Academic Unit of Radiology (N.H.), University of Sheffield, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; and Sheffield NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Translational Neuroscience (C.A.A.H., N.H., R.S., P.S., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), United Kingdom
| | - Ganesh Rao
- Academic Directorate of Neurosciences (C.A.A.H., R.O'.M., M.K.R., S.P., Z.P., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (C.A.A.H., R.S., T.R., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), University of Sheffield; Sheffield Diagnostic Genetics Service (N.J.B., J.M.), Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (G.R., P.S.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Academic Unit of Radiology (N.H.), University of Sheffield, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; and Sheffield NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Translational Neuroscience (C.A.A.H., N.H., R.S., P.S., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), United Kingdom
| | - Ptolemaios Sarrigiannis
- Academic Directorate of Neurosciences (C.A.A.H., R.O'.M., M.K.R., S.P., Z.P., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (C.A.A.H., R.S., T.R., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), University of Sheffield; Sheffield Diagnostic Genetics Service (N.J.B., J.M.), Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (G.R., P.S.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Academic Unit of Radiology (N.H.), University of Sheffield, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; and Sheffield NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Translational Neuroscience (C.A.A.H., N.H., R.S., P.S., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), United Kingdom
| | - Priya Shanmugarajah
- Academic Directorate of Neurosciences (C.A.A.H., R.O'.M., M.K.R., S.P., Z.P., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (C.A.A.H., R.S., T.R., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), University of Sheffield; Sheffield Diagnostic Genetics Service (N.J.B., J.M.), Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (G.R., P.S.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Academic Unit of Radiology (N.H.), University of Sheffield, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; and Sheffield NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Translational Neuroscience (C.A.A.H., N.H., R.S., P.S., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), United Kingdom
| | - Panagiotis Zis
- Academic Directorate of Neurosciences (C.A.A.H., R.O'.M., M.K.R., S.P., Z.P., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (C.A.A.H., R.S., T.R., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), University of Sheffield; Sheffield Diagnostic Genetics Service (N.J.B., J.M.), Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (G.R., P.S.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Academic Unit of Radiology (N.H.), University of Sheffield, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; and Sheffield NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Translational Neuroscience (C.A.A.H., N.H., R.S., P.S., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), United Kingdom
| | - Basil Sharrack
- Academic Directorate of Neurosciences (C.A.A.H., R.O'.M., M.K.R., S.P., Z.P., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (C.A.A.H., R.S., T.R., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), University of Sheffield; Sheffield Diagnostic Genetics Service (N.J.B., J.M.), Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (G.R., P.S.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Academic Unit of Radiology (N.H.), University of Sheffield, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; and Sheffield NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Translational Neuroscience (C.A.A.H., N.H., R.S., P.S., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J McDermott
- Academic Directorate of Neurosciences (C.A.A.H., R.O'.M., M.K.R., S.P., Z.P., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (C.A.A.H., R.S., T.R., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), University of Sheffield; Sheffield Diagnostic Genetics Service (N.J.B., J.M.), Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (G.R., P.S.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Academic Unit of Radiology (N.H.), University of Sheffield, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; and Sheffield NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Translational Neuroscience (C.A.A.H., N.H., R.S., P.S., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), United Kingdom
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Academic Directorate of Neurosciences (C.A.A.H., R.O'.M., M.K.R., S.P., Z.P., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (C.A.A.H., R.S., T.R., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), University of Sheffield; Sheffield Diagnostic Genetics Service (N.J.B., J.M.), Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (G.R., P.S.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Academic Unit of Radiology (N.H.), University of Sheffield, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; and Sheffield NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Translational Neuroscience (C.A.A.H., N.H., R.S., P.S., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), United Kingdom
| | - Marios Hadjivassiliou
- Academic Directorate of Neurosciences (C.A.A.H., R.O'.M., M.K.R., S.P., Z.P., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (C.A.A.H., R.S., T.R., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), University of Sheffield; Sheffield Diagnostic Genetics Service (N.J.B., J.M.), Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (G.R., P.S.), Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Academic Unit of Radiology (N.H.), University of Sheffield, Royal Hallamshire Hospital; and Sheffield NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Translational Neuroscience (C.A.A.H., N.H., R.S., P.S., S.B., C.J.M., P.J.S., M.H.), United Kingdom
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Wais V, Rosenbohm A, Petri S, Kollewe K, Hermann A, Storch A, Hanisch F, Zierz S, Nagel G, Kassubek J, Weydt P, Brettschneider J, Weishaupt JH, Ludolph AC, Dorst J. The concept and diagnostic criteria of primary lateral sclerosis. Acta Neurol Scand 2017; 136:204-211. [PMID: 27858953 DOI: 10.1111/ane.12713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) is commonly considered as a motor neuron disease (MND) variant which almost exclusively affects upper motor neurons (UMN). There is still no consensus whether PLS should be regarded as an independent disease entity separate from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) or as a comparatively slowly progressive variant of ALS. Given these different views, clinical diagnosis of PLS is a challenge. In this multicenter study, we analyzed clinical features of patients diagnosed with PLS in four specialized MND centers. MATERIAL AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed clinical, laboratory, imaging, and electrophysiological data of 76 patients with PLS diagnosed in four specialized ALS centers. We analyzed the concept of the disease based on our findings and an extensive review of the literature. RESULTS We found that 79% of patients showed asymmetrical symptoms, 60% showed clinical or electrophysiological signs of lower motor neuron (LMN) involvement after a mean of 8.4 ± 5.0 years, and extrapyramidal and/or non-motoric symptoms were frequently observed. Interestingly, none of the patients diagnosed with PLS fulfilled the diagnostic criteria proposed by Pringle et al. in 1992. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that PLS as a disease entity is still not well enough defined and that there are different concepts about its clinical presentation. We believe that further prospective longitudinal studies are needed in order to refine diagnostic criteria to reflect current clinical practice. Furthermore, neuropathological and neuroimaging approaches might help to arrange PLS in the MND spectrum and its classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Wais
- Department of Neurology; University of Ulm; Ulm Germany
| | | | - Susanne Petri
- Department of Neurology; University of Hannover; Hannover Germany
| | - Katja Kollewe
- Department of Neurology; University of Hannover; Hannover Germany
| | - Andreas Hermann
- Department of Neurology; Division for Neurodegenerative Diseases; Dresden University of Technology; Dresden Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE); Dresden Germany
| | - Alexander Storch
- Department of Neurology; Division for Neurodegenerative Diseases; Dresden University of Technology; Dresden Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE); Dresden Germany
- Department of Neurology; University Medical Center Rostock; Rostock Germany
| | - Frank Hanisch
- Department of Neurology; Evangelisches Krankenhaus Königin Elisabeth Herzberge; Berlin Germany
| | - Stephan Zierz
- Department of Neurology; University of Halle; Halle Germany
| | - Gabriele Nagel
- Institute for Epidemiology and Medical Biometry; University of Ulm; Ulm Germany
| | - Jan Kassubek
- Department of Neurology; University of Ulm; Ulm Germany
| | - Patrick Weydt
- Department of Neurology; University of Ulm; Ulm Germany
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de Vries BS, Rustemeijer LM, van der Kooi AJ, Raaphorst J, Schröder CD, Nijboer TC, Hendrikse J, Veldink JH, van den Berg LH, van Es MA. A case series of PLS patients with frontotemporal dementia and overview of the literature. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2017; 18:534-548. [DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2017.1354996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bálint S. de Vries
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands,
| | - Laura M.M. Rustemeijer
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands,
| | - Anneke J. van der Kooi
- Department of Neurology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,
| | - Joost Raaphorst
- Department of Neurology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,
- Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands,
| | - Carin D. Schröder
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus and Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands,
| | - Tanja C.W. Nijboer
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus and Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands,
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands, and
| | - Jeroen Hendrikse
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H. Veldink
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands,
| | - Leonard H. van den Berg
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands,
| | - Michael A. van Es
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands,
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