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Yu H, Luo C, Linghu R, Yang J, Wu H. Ezrin Contributes to the Damage of Airway Epithelial Barrier Related to Diabetes Mellitus. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:2609-2621. [PMID: 38689797 PMCID: PMC11060175 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s449487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus predisposes individuals to respiratory infections. The airway epithelial barrier provides defense against inhaled antigens and pathogens. Ezrin, is a component of the membrane-cytoskeleton that maintains the cellular morphology, intercellular adhesion, and barrier function of epithelial cells. This study aimed to explore the role of ezrin in airway epithelial barrier damage and correlate its expression and activation with diabetes mellitus. Methods This study was performed in a murine model of diabetes mellitus and with human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells using real-time PCR, Western blotting, immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining. Ezrin was knocked down in BEAS-2B cells using siRNA. Ezrin phosphorylation levels were measured to determine activation status. The integrity of the airway epithelial barrier was assessed in vivo by characterizing morphological structure, and in vitro in BEAS-2B cells by measuring tight junction protein expression, transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) and permeability. Results We demonstrated that ezrin expression levels were lower in the lung tissue and airway epithelium of diabetic mice than those in control mice. The morphological structure of the airway epithelium was altered in diabetic mice. High glucose levels downregulated the expression and distribution of ezrin and connexin 43, reduced the expression of tight junction proteins, and altered the epithelial barrier characteristics of BEAS-2B cells. Ezrin knockdown had effects similar to those of high glucose levels. Moreover, a specific inhibitor of ezrin Thr567 phosphorylation (NSC305787) inhibited epithelial barrier formation. Conclusion These results demonstrate that ezrin expression and activation are associated with airway epithelial damage in diabetes mellitus. These findings provide new insights into the molecular pathogenesis of pulmonary infections in diabetes mellitus and may lead to novel therapeutic interventions for airway epithelial barrier damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Yu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Luo
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ru Linghu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of Chongqing University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiqiao Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
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Kawaguchi K, Yokoyama S, Wang H, Asano S. Inhibition of ezrin phosphorylation by NSC305787 attenuates procaterol-stimulated ciliary beating in airway cilia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 703:149685. [PMID: 38373381 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Ciliary beating in the airway epithelium plays an important role in preventing infection by eliminating small particles and pathogens. Stimulation of β2 adrenergic receptor (β2AR) increases [cAMP]i levels and strongly activates this ciliary beating. β2AR is localized to the apical membrane of the airways by indirectly binding to ezrin, an actin-binding protein. Ezrin takes active phosphorylated and inactive dephosphorylated states at Thr-567. Previously we showed that procaterol-stimulated ciliary beating was impaired in the ezrin-knockdown mice. In this study, we examined the roles of ezrin and its phosphorylation in regulating ciliary beating by using NSC305787, an ezrin inhibitor, in normal human airway epithelial cells (NHBE). We found that NSC305787 inhibits the phosphorylation of ezrin with an IC50 of 50 μM in NHBE. Treatment with NSC305787 for 4 h or more decreased the expression of β2AR in the cell membrane and induced vesicle- or dot-like expression of ezrin and β2AR inside the cell. As a result, inhibition of ezrin phosphorylation by NSC305787 attenuated the effect of procaterol-induced activation of ciliary beating in both frequency and distance indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotoku Kawaguchi
- Department of Molecular Physiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-Higashi, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan.
| | - Sakura Yokoyama
- Department of Molecular Physiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-Higashi, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Haoting Wang
- Department of Molecular Physiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-Higashi, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shinji Asano
- Department of Molecular Physiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-Higashi, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
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Niu J, Hu J, Wang Z. Scutellaria barbata D.Don extract regulates Ezrin-mediated triple negative breast cancer progress via suppressing the RhoA /ROCK1 signaling. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfae033. [PMID: 38525246 PMCID: PMC10958765 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfae033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks effective therapeutic targets. Scutellaria barbata D.Don (SB) has been revealed to have anti-breast cancer (BC) effect, but the effect of SB extract in TNBC is still unclear. Herein, this research delves into the underlying mechanism. Methods SB was extracted by solvent extraction, and the main components were identified using an Agilent 6,520 HPLC-Chip/Q-TOF (Chip/Q-TOF) MS system. In vitro cell experiments were conducted. The effects of SB extract alone, SB extract plus EGF, GSK alone, GSK plus Ezrin overexpression, or SB extract plus Ezrin overexpression on cell viability, invasion, migration, and apoptosis were examined by cell function experiments. The apoptosis- and RhoA/ROCK1 pathway-related protein levels were analyzed by western blot assay. Results Mass spectrometry analysis exhibited that SB extract mainly contains long-chain fatty acids and ursolic acid. SB extract mitigated TNBC cell biological phenotypes, apoptosis- and RhoA/ROCK1 pathway-related marker expressions, which were reversed by EGF. The further results found that GSK obviously weakens TNBC cell biological behaviors, apoptosis- and RhoA/ROCK1 signaling-related protein levels, while oe-Ezrin treatment reverses the effect of GSK on TNBC cells. Moreover, SB extract regulated Ezrin-mediated function of TNBC cells by impeding the RhoA/ROCK1 pathway. Conclusion Our findings demonstrated that SB extract regulated Ezrin-mediated proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of TNBC cells via suppressing the RhoA /ROCK1 signaling. Our results offer the experimental foundation for further investigation of the anti-cancer role of SB in TNBC cells. Highlights SB extract inhibits the biological phenotypes of TNBC cells.SB extract inhibits the biological behaviors of TNBC cells through the RhoA/ROCK1 pathway.SB extract modulates Ezrin-mediated TNBC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis via restraining the RhoA/ROCK1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Niu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 58, Lushan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan Province 410000, P. R. China
| | - Jinyang Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 58, Lushan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan Province 410000, P. R. China
| | - Zhu Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 58, Lushan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan Province 410000, P. R. China
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Bernacchioni C, Rossi M, Vannuzzi V, Prisinzano M, Seidita I, Raeispour M, Muccilli A, Castiglione F, Bruni P, Petraglia F, Donati C. Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 3 is a non-hormonal target to counteract endometriosis-associated fibrosis. Fertil Steril 2023:S0015-0282(23)02074-5. [PMID: 38072366 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the molecular mechanisms responsible for fibrosis in endometriosis by investigating whether the protein expression levels of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 3 (S1PR3), one of the five specific receptors of the bioactive sphingolipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), correlate with fibrosis extent in endometriotic lesions and which are the cellular mechanisms involved in this process. DESIGN Case-control laboratory study and cultured endometriotic cells. SETTING University research institute and university hospital. PATIENT(S) A total of 33 women, with and without endometriosis, were included in the study. INTERVENTIONS(S) Endometriotic lesions were obtained from women with endometriosis (ovarian endometrioma, n = 8; deep infiltrating endometriosis, n = 15; [urological n = 5, gastrointestinal n = 6, and posterior n = 4]) and control endometrium from healthy women, n = 10, by means of laparoscopic and hysteroscopic surgery. The expression of S1PR3 was evaluated using immunohistochemistry and the extent of fibrosis was assessed using Masson's trichrome staining. Human-cultured epithelial endometriotic 12Z cells were used to evaluate the mechanisms involved in the profibrotic effect of S1PR3 activation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The expression of S1PR3 in endometriotic lesions is positively correlated with endometriosis-associated fibrosis. In addition, S1P induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and fibrosis in epithelial endometriotic cells. Using RNA interference and pharmacological approaches, the profibrotic effect of S1P was shown to rely on S1PR3, thus unveiling the molecular mechanism implicated in the profibrotic action of the bioactive sphingolipid. RESULT(S) The protein expression levels of S1PR3 were significantly augmented in the glandular sections of endometrioma and deep infiltrating endometriosis of different localizations with respect to the control endometrium and positively correlated with the extent of fibrosis. Sphingosine-1-phosphate was shown to have a crucial role in the onset of fibrosis in epithelial endometriotic cells, stimulating the expression of EMT and fibrotic markers. Genetic approaches have highlighted that S1PR3 mediates the fibrotic effect of S1P. Downstream of S1PR3, ezrin and extracellular-signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 signaling were found to be critically implicated in the EMT and fibrosis elicited by S1P. CONCLUSION(S) Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 3 may represent a possible innovative pharmacological target for endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Bernacchioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | - Margherita Rossi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Prisinzano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Isabelle Seidita
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maryam Raeispour
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Angela Muccilli
- Histopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Castiglione
- Histopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Bruni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Felice Petraglia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Obstetrics and Gynecology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Donati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Hornigold K, Baker MJ, Machin PA, Chetwynd SA, Johnsson AK, Pantarelli C, Islam P, Stammers M, Crossland L, Oxley D, Okkenhaug H, Walker S, Walker R, Segonds-Pichon A, Fukui Y, Malliri A, Welch HCE. The Rac-GEF Tiam1 controls integrin-dependent neutrophil responses. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1223653. [PMID: 38077328 PMCID: PMC10703174 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1223653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Rac GTPases are required for neutrophil adhesion and migration, and for the neutrophil effector responses that kill pathogens. These Rac-dependent functions are impaired when neutrophils lack the activators of Rac, Rac-GEFs from the Prex, Vav, and Dock families. In this study, we demonstrate that Tiam1 is also expressed in neutrophils, governing focal complexes, actin cytoskeletal dynamics, polarisation, and migration, in a manner depending on the integrin ligand to which the cells adhere. Tiam1 is dispensable for the generation of reactive oxygen species but mediates degranulation and NETs release in adherent neutrophils, as well as the killing of bacteria. In vivo, Tiam1 is required for neutrophil recruitment during aseptic peritonitis and for the clearance of Streptococcus pneumoniae during pulmonary infection. However, Tiam1 functions differently to other Rac-GEFs. Instead of promoting neutrophil adhesion to ICAM1 and stimulating β2 integrin activity as could be expected, Tiam1 restricts these processes. In accordance with these paradoxical inhibitory roles, Tiam1 limits the fMLP-stimulated activation of Rac1 and Rac2 in adherent neutrophils, rather than activating Rac as expected. Tiam1 promotes the expression of several regulators of small GTPases and cytoskeletal dynamics, including αPix, Psd4, Rasa3, and Tiam2. It also controls the association of Rasa3, and potentially αPix, Git2, Psd4, and 14-3-3ζ/δ, with Rac. We propose these latter roles of Tiam1 underlie its effects on Rac and β2 integrin activity and on cell responses. Hence, Tiam1 is a novel regulator of Rac-dependent neutrophil responses that functions differently to other known neutrophil Rac-GEFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsti Hornigold
- Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Martin J. Baker
- Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Cell Signalling Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Macclesfield, United Kingdom
| | - Polly A. Machin
- Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Priota Islam
- Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - David Oxley
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Simon Walker
- Imaging Facility, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rachael Walker
- Flow Cytometry Facility, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Yoshinori Fukui
- Division of Immunogenetics, Department of Immunobiology and Neuroscience, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Angeliki Malliri
- Cell Signalling Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Macclesfield, United Kingdom
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Buenaventura RGM, Merlino G, Yu Y. Ez-Metastasizing: The Crucial Roles of Ezrin in Metastasis. Cells 2023; 12:1620. [PMID: 37371090 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ezrin is the cytoskeletal organizer and functions in the modulation of membrane-cytoskeleton interaction, maintenance of cell shape and structure, and regulation of cell-cell adhesion and movement, as well as cell survival. Ezrin plays a critical role in regulating tumor metastasis through interaction with other binding proteins. Notably, Ezrin has been reported to interact with immune cells, allowing tumor cells to escape immune attack in metastasis. Here, we review the main functions of Ezrin, the mechanisms through which it acts, its role in tumor metastasis, and its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rand Gabriel M Buenaventura
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Glenn Merlino
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yanlin Yu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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7
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Lade JM, Andrade MR, Undem C, Walker J, Jiang H, Yun X, Shimoda LA. Hypoxia enhances interactions between Na +/H + exchanger isoform 1 and actin filaments via ezrin in pulmonary vascular smooth muscle. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1108304. [PMID: 36926194 PMCID: PMC10011449 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1108304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to hypoxia, due to high altitude or chronic lung disease, leads to structural changes in the pulmonary vascular wall, including hyperplasia and migration of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Previous studies showed that hypoxia upregulates the expression of Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 (NHE1) and that inhibition or loss of NHE1 prevents hypoxia-induced PASMC migration and proliferation. The exact mechanism by which NHE1 controls PASMC function has not been fully delineated. In fibroblasts, NHE1 has been shown to act as a membrane anchor for actin filaments, via binding of the adaptor protein, ezrin. Thus, in this study, we tested the role of ezrin and NHE1/actin interactions in controlling PASMC function. Using rat PASMCs exposed to in vitro hypoxia (4% O2, 24 h) we found that hypoxic exposure increased phosphorylation (activation) of ezrin, and promoted interactions between NHE1, phosphorylated ezrin and smooth muscle specific α-actin (SMA) as measured via immunoprecipitation and co-localization. Overexpression of wild-type human NHE1 in the absence of hypoxia was sufficient to induce PASMC migration and proliferation, whereas inhibiting ezrin phosphorylation with NSC668394 suppressed NHE1/SMA co-localization and migration in hypoxic PASMCs. Finally, overexpressing a version of human NHE1 in which amino acids were mutated to prevent NHE1/ezrin/SMA interactions was unable to increase PASMC migration and proliferation despite exhibiting normal Na+/H+ exchange activity. From these results, we conclude that hypoxic exposure increases ezrin phosphorylation in PASMCs, leading to enhanced ezrin/NHE1/SMA interaction. We further speculate that these interactions promote anchoring of the actin cytoskeleton to the membrane to facilitate the changes in cell movement and shape required for migration and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M Lade
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Manuella R Andrade
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Clark Undem
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jasmine Walker
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Xin Yun
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Larissa A Shimoda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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8
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Aufderhorst-Roberts A, Staykova M. Scratching beyond the surface - minimal actin assemblies as tools to elucidate mechanical reinforcement and shape change. Emerg Top Life Sci 2022; 6:ETLS20220052. [PMID: 36541184 PMCID: PMC9788373 DOI: 10.1042/etls20220052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between the actin cytoskeleton and the plasma membrane in eukaryotic cells is integral to a large number of functions such as shape change, mechanical reinforcement and contraction. These phenomena are driven by the architectural regulation of a thin actin network, directly beneath the membrane through interactions with a variety of binding proteins, membrane anchoring proteins and molecular motors. An increasingly common approach to understanding the mechanisms that drive these processes is to build model systems from reconstituted lipids, actin filaments and associated actin-binding proteins. Here we review recent progress in this field, with a particular emphasis on how the actin cytoskeleton provides mechanical reinforcement, drives shape change and induces contraction. Finally, we discuss potential future developments in the field, which would allow the extension of these techniques to more complex cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Margarita Staykova
- Centre for Materials Physics, Department of Physics, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
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9
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Lipreri da Silva JC, Carvalho MFL, de Miranda LBL, de Almeida BO, Lima K, Machado-Neto JA. NSC305787, a pharmacological ezrin inhibitor, exhibits antineoplastic activity in pancreatic cancer cells. Invest New Drugs 2022; 40:728-737. [PMID: 35477813 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-022-01249-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal human neoplasms, and despite advances in the understanding of the molecular complexity involved in the development and progression of this disease, little of this new information has been translated into improvements in therapy and prognosis. Ezrin (EZR) is a protein that regulates multiple cellular functions, including cell proliferation, survival, morphogenesis, adhesion, and motility. In pancreatic cancer, EZR is highly expressed and reflects an unfavorable prognosis, whereas EZR silencing ameliorates the malignant phenotype of pancreatic cancer cells. NSC305787 was identified as a pharmacological EZR inhibitor with favorable pharmacokinetics and antineoplastic activity. Here, we endeavored to investigate the impact of EZR expression on survival outcomes and its associations with molecular and biological characteristics in The Cancer Genome Atlas pancreatic adenocarcinoma cohort. We also assessed the potential antineoplastic effects of NSC305787 in pancreatic cancer cell lines. High EZR expression was an independent predictor of worse survival outcomes. Functional genomics analysis indicated that EZR contributes to multiple cancer-related pathways, including PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling, NOTCH signaling, estrogen-mediated signaling, and apoptosis. In pancreatic cells, NSC305787 reduced cell viability, clonal growth, and migration. Our exploratory molecular studies identified that NSC305787 modulates the expression and activation of key regulators of the cell cycle, proliferation, DNA damage, and apoptosis, favoring a tumor-suppressive molecular network. In conclusion, EZR expression is an independent prognosis marker in pancreatic cancer. Our study identifies a novel molecular axis underlying the antineoplastic activity of NSC305787 and provides insights into the development of therapeutic strategies for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bruna Oliveira de Almeida
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Keli Lima
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Pathogenesis and Targeted Therapy in Onco-Immuno-Hematology (LIM-31), Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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10
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Kanlaya R, Thongboonkerd V. Persistent Escherichia coli infection in renal tubular cells enhances calcium oxalate crystal-cell adhesion by inducing ezrin translocation to apical membranes via Rho/ROCK pathway. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:381. [PMID: 35751006 PMCID: PMC11072855 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04414-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence has suggested that recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) can cause not only infection stones but also metabolic stones (e.g., those containing calcium oxalate monohydrate or COM). However, precise mechanisms underlying UTI-induced metabolic stones remained unknown. In this study, Escherichia coli, the most common bacterium found in recurrent UTI was used to establish the in vitro model for persistent infection of renal epithelial cells. The promoting effects of persistent E. coli infection on kidney stone formation were validated by COM crystal-cell adhesion assay, followed by immunofluorescence study for changes in surface expression of the known COM crystal receptors. Among the five receptors examined, only ezrin had significantly increased level on the surface of persistently infected cells without change in its total level. Such translocation of ezrin to apical membranes was confirmed by Western blotting of apical membrane and cytosolic fractions and confocal microscopic examination. Additionally, persistent infection increased phosphorylation (Thr567) of ezrin. However, all of these changes induced by persistent E. coli infection were significantly inhibited by small-interfering RNA (siRNA) specific for ezrin or a Rho-associated kinase (ROCK)-specific inhibitor (Y-27632). In summary, this study provides a piece of evidence demonstrating that persistent infection by E. coli, one of the non-urease-producing bacteria, may contribute to COM metabolic stone formation by translocation of ezrin to apical membranes, thereby promoting COM crystal-cell adhesion. Such ezrin translocation was mediated via Rho/ROCK signaling pathway. These findings may, at least in part, explain the pathogenic mechanisms underlying recurrent UTI-induced metabolic kidney stone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rattiyaporn Kanlaya
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 6th Floor - SiMR Building, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 6th Floor - SiMR Building, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
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11
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Morales EA, Arnaiz C, Krystofiak ES, Zanic M, Tyska MJ. Mitotic Spindle Positioning (MISP) is an actin bundler that selectively stabilizes the rootlets of epithelial microvilli. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110692. [PMID: 35443169 PMCID: PMC9097542 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Microvilli are conserved actin-based surface protrusions that have been repurposed throughout evolution to fulfill diverse cell functions. In the case of transporting epithelia, microvilli are supported by a core of actin filaments bundled in parallel by villin, fimbrin, and espin. Remarkably, microvilli biogenesis persists in mice lacking all three of these factors, suggesting the existence of unknown bundlers. We identified Mitotic Spindle Positioning (MISP) as an actin-binding factor that localizes specifically to the rootlet end of the microvillus. MISP promotes rootlet elongation in cells, and purified MISP exhibits potent filament bundling activity in vitro. MISP-bundled filaments also recruit fimbrin, which further elongates and stabilizes bundles. MISP confinement to the rootlet is enforced by ezrin, which prevents decoration of the membrane-wrapped distal end of the core bundle. These discoveries reveal how epithelial cells optimize apical membrane surface area and offer insight on the remarkable robustness of microvilli biogenesis. Morales et al. identify Mitotic Spindle Positioning (MISP) as an actin bundler in the rootlets of epithelial microvilli. MISP cooperates with other bundlers, and its rootlet-specific localization is enforced by membrane-actin linker ezrin. These findings illuminate mechanisms that drive the assembly and compartmentalization of actin bundle-supported protrusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Angelo Morales
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Cayetana Arnaiz
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Evan S Krystofiak
- Cell Imaging Shared Resource, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Marija Zanic
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Matthew J Tyska
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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Song M, Suh P. O‐GlcNAcylation regulates lysophosphatidic acid‐induced cell migration by regulating ERM family proteins. FEBS Open Bio 2022; 12:1220-1229. [PMID: 35347892 PMCID: PMC9157403 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
O‐GlcNAcylation of intracellular proteins (O‐GlcNAc) is a post‐translational modification that often competes with phosphorylation in diverse cellular signaling pathways. Recent studies on human malignant tumors have demonstrated that O‐GlcNAc is implicated in cellular features relevant to metastasis. Here, we report that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)‐induced ovarian cancer cell (OVCAR‐3) migration is regulated by O‐GlcNAc. We found that O‐GlcNAc modification of ERM family proteins, a membrane‐cytoskeletal crosslinker, was inversely correlated with its phosphorylation status. Moreover, the LPA‐induced formation of membrane protrusion structures, as well as the migration of OVCAR‐3 cells, was reduced by the accumulation of O‐GlcNAc. Collectively, these findings suggest that O‐GlcNAc is an essential signaling element controlling ERM family proteins involved in OVCAR‐3 cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minseok Song
- Department of Life Sciences Yeungnam University Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk 38541 South Korea
| | - Pann‐Ghill Suh
- Korea Basic Science Research Institute (KBRI) Daegu Republic of Korea
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13
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The COVID-19 Cell Signalling Problem: Spike, RAGE, PKC, p38, NFκB & IL-6 Hyper-Expression and the Human Ezrin Peptide, VIP, PKA-CREB Solution. IMMUNO 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/immuno2020017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection inhibits interferon expression, while hyper-activating innate-immune signalling and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. SARS-CoV-2 proteins: Spike, M and nsp6, nsp12 and nsp13 inhibit IFR3-mediated Type-1-interferon defence, but hyper-activate intracellular signalling, which leads to dysfunctional expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, particularly IL-1β IL-6, IL-8, and TNFα. Ezrin, a sub-membrane adaptor-protein, organises multi-protein-complexes such as ezrin+NHERF1+NHE+CFTR, which control the density and location of ACE2 receptor expression on the luminal surface of airway-epithelial-cells, as well as determining susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. This protein complex is vital for lung-surfactant production for efficient gas-exchange. Ezrin also forms multi-protein-complexes that regulate signalling kinases; Ras, PKC, PI3K, and PKA. m-RAGE is a pattern-recognition-receptor of the innate immune system that is triggered by AGEs, which are chemically modified proteins common in the elderly and obese. m-RAGE forms multi-protein complexes with ezrin and TIRAP, a toll-like-receptor adaptor-protein. The main cause of COVID-19 is not viral infection but pro-inflammatory p38MAPK signalling mediated by TLRs and RAGE. In contrast, it appears that activated ezrin+PKA signalling results in the activation of transcription-factor CREB, which suppresses NFκB mediated pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. In addition, competition between ezrin and TIRAP to form multi-protein-complexes on membrane PIP2-lipid-rafts is a macromolecular-switch that changes the priority from innate immune activation programs to adaptive immune activation programs. Human Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP), and Human Ezrin Peptides (HEP-1 and RepG3) probably inhibit COVID-19 by activating the ezrin+PKA and ras>Raf>MEK>ERK>RSK>CREB>IL-10 signalling, which favours activation of adaptive immunity programs and inhibition of the dysfunctional innate-inflammation, the cause of COVID-19. HEP-1, RepG3, and VIP in individual human volunteers and in small clinical studies have been shown to be effective COVID-19 therapies, and seem to have a closely related mechanism of action.
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Wang Y, Shimizu H, Xiang YY, Sugihara J, Lu WY, Liao XH, Cho HR, Toba H, Bai XH, Asa SL, Arvan P, Refetoff S, Liu M. XB130 Deficiency Causes Congenital Hypothyroidism in Mice due to Disorganized Apical Membrane Structure and Function of Thyrocytes. Thyroid 2021; 31:1650-1661. [PMID: 34470464 PMCID: PMC8917886 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2021.0195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Background: Congenital hypothyroidism is often caused by genetic mutations that impair thyroid hormone (TH) production, resulting in growth and development defects. XB130 (actin filament associated protein 1 like 2) is an adaptor/scaffold protein that plays important roles in cell proliferation, migration, intracellular signal transduction, and tumorigenesis. It is highly expressed in thyrocytes, however, its function in the thyroid remains largely unexplored. Methods:Xb130-/- mice and their littermates were studied. Postnatal growth and growth hormone levels were measured, and responses to low or high-iodine diet, and levothyroxine treatment were examined. TH and thyrotropin in the serum and TH in the thyroid glands were quantified. Structure and function of thyrocytes in embryos and postnatal life were studied with histology, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence staining, Western blotting, and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results:Xb130-/- mice exhibited transient growth retardation postnatally, due to congenital hypothyroidism with reduced TH synthesis and secretion, which could be rescued by exogenous thyroxine supplementation. The thyroid glands of Xb130-/- mice displayed diminished thyroglobulin iodination and release at both embryonic and early postnatal stages. XB130 was found mainly on the apical membrane of thyroid follicles. Thyroid glands of embryonic and postnatal Xb130-/- mice exhibited disorganized apical membrane structure, delayed folliculogenesis, and abnormal formation of thyroid follicle lumina. Conclusion: XB130 critically regulates folliculogenesis by maintaining apical membrane structure and function of thyrocytes, and its deficiency leads to congenital hypothyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchun Wang
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hiroki Shimizu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Yun-Yan Xiang
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Junichi Sugihara
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Wei-Yang Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | | | - Hae-Ra Cho
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hiroaki Toba
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Xiao-Hui Bai
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sylvia L. Asa
- Department of Pathology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Peter Arvan
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Samuel Refetoff
- Department of Medicine and Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Pediatrics; and Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Committee on Genetics; The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Surgery, and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine; and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Institute of Medical Science; Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Address correspondence to: Mingyao Liu, MD, Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Room: PMCRT2-814, Toronto M5G 1L7, Canada
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15
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Uray IP, Uray K. Mechanotransduction at the Plasma Membrane-Cytoskeleton Interface. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11566. [PMID: 34768998 PMCID: PMC8584042 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical cues are crucial for survival, adaptation, and normal homeostasis in virtually every cell type. The transduction of mechanical messages into intracellular biochemical messages is termed mechanotransduction. While significant advances in biochemical signaling have been made in the last few decades, the role of mechanotransduction in physiological and pathological processes has been largely overlooked until recently. In this review, the role of interactions between the cytoskeleton and cell-cell/cell-matrix adhesions in transducing mechanical signals is discussed. In addition, mechanosensors that reside in the cell membrane and the transduction of mechanical signals to the nucleus are discussed. Finally, we describe two examples in which mechanotransduction plays a significant role in normal physiology and disease development. The first example is the role of mechanotransduction in the proliferation and metastasis of cancerous cells. In this system, the role of mechanotransduction in cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, and motility, is described. In the second example, the role of mechanotransduction in a mechanically active organ, the gastrointestinal tract, is described. In the gut, mechanotransduction contributes to normal physiology and the development of motility disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván P. Uray
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Karen Uray
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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16
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Lipreri da Silva JC, Coelho-Silva JL, Lima K, Vicari HP, Lazarini M, Costa-Lotufo LV, Traina F, Machado-Neto JA. Comprehensive analysis of cytoskeleton regulatory genes identifies ezrin as a prognostic marker and molecular target in acute myeloid leukemia. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2021; 44:1105-1117. [PMID: 34196912 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-021-00621-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite great advances that have been made in the understanding of the molecular complexity of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), very little has been translated into new therapies. Here, we set out to investigate the impact of cytoskeleton regulatory genes on clinical outcomes and their potential as therapeutic targets in AML. METHODS Gene expression and clinical data were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) AML study and used for survival and functional genomics analyses. For pharmacological tests, AML cells were exposed to ezrin (EZR) inhibitors and submitted to several cellular and molecular assays. RESULTS High EZR expression was identified as an independent marker of worse outcomes in AML patients from the TCGA cohort (p < 0.05). Functional genomics analyses suggested that EZR contributes to responses to stimuli and signal transduction pathways in leukemia cells. EZR pharmacological inhibition with NSC305787 and NSC668394 reduced viability, proliferation, autonomous clonal growth, and cell cycle progression in AML cells (p < 0.05). NSC305787 had a greater potency and efficiency than NSC668394 in leukemia models. At the molecular level, EZR inhibitors reduced EZR, S6 ribosomal protein and 4EBP1 phosphorylation, and induced PARP1 cleavage in AML cells. NSC305787, but not NSC668394, favored a gene network involving cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in Kasumi 1 AML cells. CONCLUSIONS From our data we conclude that EZR expression may serve as a prognostic factor in AML. Our preclinical findings indicate that ezrin inhibitors may be employed as a putative novel class of AML targeting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Carlos Lipreri da Silva
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Juan Luiz Coelho-Silva
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hematology, and Oncology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Keli Lima
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Hugo Passos Vicari
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Lazarini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Diadema, Brazil
| | - Leticia Veras Costa-Lotufo
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabiola Traina
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hematology, and Oncology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - João Agostinho Machado-Neto
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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17
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Fukusumi Y, Yasuda H, Zhang Y, Kawachi H. Nephrin-Ephrin-B1-Na +/H + Exchanger Regulatory Factor 2-Ezrin-Actin Axis Is Critical in Podocyte Injury. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 191:1209-1226. [PMID: 33887216 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Ephrin-B1 is one of the critical components of the slit diaphragm of kidney glomerular podocyte. However, the precise function of ephrin-B1 is unclear. To clarify the function of ephrin-B1, ephrin-B1-associated molecules were studied. RNA-sequencing analysis suggested that Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor 2 (NHERF2), a scaffolding protein, is associated with ephrin-B1. NHERF2 was expressed at the apical area and the slit diaphragm, and interacted with the nephrin-ephrin-B1 complex at the slit diaphragm. The nephrin-ephrin-B1-NHERF2 complex interacted with ezrin bound to F-actin. NHERF2 bound ephrin-B1 via its first postsynaptic density protein-95/disks large/zonula occludens-1 domain, and podocalyxin via its second postsynaptic density protein-95/disks large/zonula occludens-1 domain. Both in vitro analyses with human embryonic kidney 293 cells and in vivo study with rat nephrotic model showed that stimulaiton of the slit diaphragm, phosphorylation of nephrin and ephrin-B1, and dephosphorylation of NHERF2 and ezrin, disrupted the linkages of ephrin-B1-NHERF2 and NHERF2-ezrin. It is conceivable that the linkage of nephrin-ephrin-B1-NHERF2-ezrin-actin is a novel critical axis in the podocytes. Ephrin-B1 phosphorylation also disrupted the linkage of an apical transmembrane protein, podocalyxin, with NHERF2-ezrin-actin. The phosphorylation of ephrin-B1 and the consequent dephosphorylation of NHERF2 are critical initiation events leading to podocyte injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyasu Fukusumi
- Department of Cell Biology, Kidney Research Center, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hidenori Yasuda
- Department of Cell Biology, Kidney Research Center, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Kidney Research Center, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kawachi
- Department of Cell Biology, Kidney Research Center, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
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18
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Molecular Regulation of Canalicular ABC Transporters. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042113. [PMID: 33672718 PMCID: PMC7924332 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters expressed at the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes mediate the secretion of several compounds into the bile canaliculi and therefore play a key role in bile secretion. Among these transporters, ABCB11 secretes bile acids, ABCB4 translocates phosphatidylcholine and ABCG5/G8 is responsible for cholesterol secretion, while ABCB1 and ABCC2 transport a variety of drugs and other compounds. The dysfunction of these transporters leads to severe, rare, evolutionary biliary diseases. The development of new therapies for patients with these diseases requires a deep understanding of the biology of these transporters. In this review, we report the current knowledge regarding the regulation of canalicular ABC transporters' folding, trafficking, membrane stability and function, and we highlight the role of molecular partners in these regulating mechanisms.
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19
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Prince DJ, Jessen JR. Dorsal convergence of gastrula cells requires Vangl2 and an adhesion protein-dependent change in protrusive activity. Development 2019; 146:dev.182188. [PMID: 31719041 DOI: 10.1242/dev.182188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Lateral zebrafish hypoblast cells initiate dorsal convergence near mid-gastrulation and exhibit non-polarized morphologies, limited cell-cell contact and indirect migration trajectories. By late gastrulation, mesodermal cells become packed as they engage in planar cell polarity (PCP)-dependent movement. Here, we aimed to understand this transition in cell behavior by examining the relationship between protrusion dynamics and establishment of PCP and directed migration. We found that wild-type cells undergo a reduction in bleb protrusions near late gastrulation accompanied by a VANGL planar cell polarity protein 2 (Vangl2)-regulated increase in filopodia number and polarization. Manipulation of blebs is sufficient to interfere with PCP and directed migration. We show that Vangl2, fibronectin and cadherin 2 function to suppress blebbing. Vangl2 maintains ezrin b (Ezrb) protein levels and higher Ezrb activation rescues defective mediolateral cell alignment and migration paths in vangl2 mutant embryos. Transplantation experiments show that loss of vangl2 disrupts protrusion formation cell-autonomously while fibronectin acts non-autonomously. We propose that dorsal convergence requires the coordinated action of Vangl2, Ezrb and cell-adhesion proteins to inhibit blebs and promote polarized actin-rich protrusive activity and PCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianna J Prince
- Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA
| | - Jason R Jessen
- Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA
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20
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Wu Q, Eickelberg O. Ezrin in Asthma: A First Step to Early Biomarkers of Airway Epithelial Dysfunction. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 199:408-410. [PMID: 30383410 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201810-1964ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qun Wu
- 1 Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Denver, Colorado
| | - Oliver Eickelberg
- 1 Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Denver, Colorado
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21
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Ivetic A, Hoskins Green HL, Hart SJ. L-selectin: A Major Regulator of Leukocyte Adhesion, Migration and Signaling. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1068. [PMID: 31139190 PMCID: PMC6527602 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
L-selectin (CD62L) is a type-I transmembrane glycoprotein and cell adhesion molecule that is expressed on most circulating leukocytes. Since its identification in 1983, L-selectin has been extensively characterized as a tethering/rolling receptor. There is now mounting evidence in the literature to suggest that L-selectin plays a role in regulating monocyte protrusion during transendothelial migration (TEM). The N-terminal calcium-dependent (C-type) lectin domain of L-selectin interacts with numerous glycans, including sialyl Lewis X (sLex) for tethering/rolling and proteoglycans for TEM. Although the signals downstream of L-selectin-dependent adhesion are poorly understood, they will invariably involve the short 17 amino acid cytoplasmic tail. In this review we will detail the expression of L-selectin in different immune cell subsets, and its influence on cell behavior. We will list some of the diverse glycans known to support L-selectin-dependent adhesion, within luminal and abluminal regions of the vessel wall. We will describe how each domain within L-selectin contributes to adhesion, migration and signal transduction. A significant focus on the L-selectin cytoplasmic tail and its proposed contribution to signaling via the ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM) family of proteins will be outlined. Finally, we will discuss how ectodomain shedding of L-selectin during monocyte TEM is essential for the establishment of front-back cell polarity, bestowing emigrated cells the capacity to chemotax toward sites of damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Ivetic
- King's College London, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, BHF Center of Research Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Louise Hoskins Green
- King's College London, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, BHF Center of Research Excellence, London, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel James Hart
- King's College London, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, BHF Center of Research Excellence, London, United Kingdom
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22
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Yin LM, Duan TT, Ulloa L, Yang YQ. Ezrin Orchestrates Signal Transduction in Airway Cells. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 174:1-23. [PMID: 28702704 DOI: 10.1007/112_2017_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Ezrin is a critical structural protein that organizes receptor complexes and orchestrates their signal transduction. In this study, we review the ezrin-meditated regulation of critical receptor complexes, including the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), CD44, vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM), and the deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) receptor. We also analyze the ezrin-meditated regulation of critical pathways associated with asthma, such as the RhoA, Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK), and protein kinase A (cAMP/PKA) pathways. Mounting evidence suggests that ezrin plays a role in controlling airway cell function and potentially contributes to respiratory diseases. Ezrin can participate in asthma pathogenesis by affecting bronchial epithelium repair, T lymphocyte regulation, and the contraction of the airway smooth muscle cells. These studies provide new insights for the design of novel therapeutic strategies for asthma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei-Miao Yin
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Yue Yang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Ting-Ting Duan
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Yue Yang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Luis Ulloa
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Yue Yang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China. .,Department of Surgery, Center of Immunology and Inflammation, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, 07101, USA.
| | - Yong-Qing Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Yue Yang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China.
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23
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Neutrophil Cell Shape Change: Mechanism and Signalling during Cell Spreading and Phagocytosis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061383. [PMID: 30893856 PMCID: PMC6471475 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Perhaps the most important feature of neutrophils is their ability to rapidly change shape. In the bloodstream, the neutrophils circulate as almost spherical cells, with the ability to deform in order to pass along narrower capillaries. Upon receiving the signal to extravasate, they are able to transform their morphology and flatten onto the endothelium surface. This transition, from a spherical to a flattened morphology, is the first key step which neutrophils undergo before moving out of the blood and into the extravascular tissue space. Once they have migrated through tissues towards sites of infection, neutrophils carry out their primary role-killing infecting microbes by performing phagocytosis and producing toxic reactive oxygen species within the microbe-containing phagosome. Phagocytosis involves the second key morphology change that neutrophils undergo, with the formation of pseudopodia which capture the microbe within an internal vesicle. Both the spherical to flattened stage and the phagocytic capture stage are rapid, each being completed within 100 s. Knowing how these rapid cell shape changes occur in neutrophils is thus fundamental to understanding neutrophil behaviour. This article will discuss advances in our current knowledge of this process, and also identify an important regulated molecular event which may represent an important target for anti-inflammatory therapy.
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24
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Ezrin promotes breast cancer progression by modulating AKT signals. Br J Cancer 2019; 120:703-713. [PMID: 30804430 PMCID: PMC6461860 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0383-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ezrin, which is known as a cytoskeleton linker protein, is closely linked with the metastatic progression of cancer and is frequently abnormally expressed in aggressive cancer types. However, the possible involvement of Ezrin in metastasis and angiogenesis in breast cancer remains unclear. Methods Immunohistochemical analysis of Ezrin was performed on both BC samples (n = 117) and normal epithelium samples (n = 47). In vivo and in vitro assays were performed to validate the effect of Ezrin on AKT pathway-mediated BC progression. Results In this study, Ezrin was found to be upregulated in BC tissues, which was linked with aggressive tumour characteristics and poor prognosis. Moreover, we showed that Ezrin promotes BC proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic analysis showed that Ezrin interacted with AKT, and promoted its kinase activity, thereby regulating the AKT pathway in BC. Conclusions In all, we propose a model for an Ezrin/AKT oncoprotein axis, which provides novel insight into how Ezrin contributes to BC progression.
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Jia M, Yan X, Jiang X, Wu Y, Xu J, Meng Y, Yang Y, Shan X, Zhang X, Mao S, Gu W, Pavlidis S, Barnes PJ, Adcock IM, Huang M, Yao X. Ezrin, a Membrane Cytoskeleton Cross-Linker Protein, as a Marker of Epithelial Damage in Asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 199:496-507. [PMID: 30290132 PMCID: PMC6376623 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201802-0373oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Bronchial epithelial cell damage occurs in patients with bronchial asthma. Ezrin, a membrane-cytoskeleton protein, maintains cellular morphology and intercellular adhesion and protects the barrier function of epithelial cells. OBJECTIVES To study the role of ezrin in bronchial epithelial cells injury and correlate its expression with asthma severity. METHODS Levels of ezrin were measured in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and serum in patients with asthma and BAL fluid (BALF) from a mouse model of asthma by ELISA. The regulation of IL-13 on ezrin protein levels was studied in primary bronchial epithelial cells. Ezrin knockdown using shRNA was studied in human bronchial epithelial 16HBE cells. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Ezrin levels were decreased in asthmatic EBC (92.7 ± 34.99 vs. 150.5 ± 10.22 pg/ml, P < 0.0001) and serum (700.7 ± 55.59 vs. 279.2 ± 25.83 pg/ml, P < 0.0001) compared with normal subjects. Levels were much lower in uncontrolled (P < 0.001) and partly controlled patients (P < 0.01) compared with well-controlled subjects. EBC and serum ezrin levels correlated with lung function in patients with asthma and serum ezrin levels were negatively correlated with serum IL-13 and periostin. IL-13-induced downregulation of ezrin expression in primary bronchial epithelial cells was significantly attenuated by the Janus tyrosine kinase 2 inhibitor, TG101348. Ezrin knockdown changed 16HBE cell morphology, enlarged intercellular spaces, and increased their permeability. Ezrin expression was decreased in the lung tissue and BALF of "asthmatic" mice and negatively correlated with BALF IL-13 level. CONCLUSIONS Ezrin downregulation is associated with IL-13-induced epithelial damage and might be a potential biomarker of asthma control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Jia
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyu Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunhui Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiayan Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaqi Meng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xia Shan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiuwedi Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Shan Mao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Stelios Pavlidis
- Data Science Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Peter J. Barnes
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian M. Adcock
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mao Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Yao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Chan LS, Man OY, Kwok HH, Chen L, Chan KC, Lung HL, Ngan RKC, Wong RNS, Lo KW, Lee AWM, Tsao GSW, Kahn M, Lung ML, Mak NK. The Wnt modulator ICG‑001 mediates the inhibition of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell migration in vitro via the miR‑150/CD44 axis. Int J Oncol 2018; 54:1010-1020. [PMID: 30569106 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt signaling pathway is known to serve an important role in the control of cell migration. The present study analyzed the mechanisms underlying the in vitro modulation of the migration of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells by the CREB‑binding protein/catenin antagonist and Wnt modulator ICG‑001. The results revealed that ICG‑001‑mediated inhibition of tumor cell migration involved downregulated mRNA and protein expression of the Wnt target gene cluster of differentiation (CD)44. It was also demonstrated that ICG‑001 downregulated the expression of CD44, and this effect was accompanied by restored expression of microRNA (miRNA)‑150 in various NPC cell lines. Using a CD44 3'‑untranslated region luciferase reporter assay, miR‑150 was confirmed to be a novel CD44‑targeting miRNA, which could directly target CD44 and subsequently regulate the migration of NPC cells. The present study provides further insight into the inhibition of tumor cell migration through the modulation of miRNA expression by the Wnt modulator ICG‑001.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai-Sheung Chan
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - On-Ying Man
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Hoi-Hin Kwok
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Luo Chen
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - King-Chi Chan
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Lok Lung
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Roger Kai-Cheong Ngan
- Center for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | | | - Kwok-Wai Lo
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Anne Wing-Mui Lee
- Center for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - George Sai-Wah Tsao
- Center for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Michael Kahn
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Maria Li Lung
- Center for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Nai-Ki Mak
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, P.R. China
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Li Q, Tanaka Y, Miwa N. Effects of hydrogen-occluding-silica microparticles on wound repair and cell migratory behavior of normal human esophageal epitheliocytes. Med Gas Res 2018; 8:57-63. [PMID: 30112167 PMCID: PMC6070841 DOI: 10.4103/2045-9912.235128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Many conventional studies on molecular hydrogen have not examined cell migration ability and the relationship between apoptosis and the cytoskeleton. Here we investigated the influence of hydrogen-occluding silica microparticles (H2-silica) on cell migration motility and changes of the cytoskeleton (F-actin) in normal human esophageal epithelial cells (HEEpiCs). As the results, cell migration was promoted, and formation of microvilli was activated in the 100 ppm (low concentration) scratched group. After performing a wound healing assay, cells exhibited migration after 48 hours and 72 hours for both 10 ppm and 100 ppm groups, suggesting that the wound-repairing effects could be attributed to the antioxidant ability of H2-silica. In scratched groups, high levels of activated caspase-3 were relatively expressed and presented a tendency to increase the observed Bax/Bcl-2 ratio at more than 300 ppm groups. The above-mentioned results show that H2-silica induced apoptosis in HEEpiCs, especially in the scratched cells. Toxicity may cause an exaggerated apoptosis. Furthermore, since the ratio of fascin/tubulin in the 100, 300, and 600 ppm groups tended to increase in both the scratched and the non-scratched control groups, H2-silica was thought to be able to promote fascin action on normal cells and may be have a proliferative effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Butsuryo College of Osaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Tanaka
- Division of Biology, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Sciences, and Division of Quantum Radiation, Faculty of Technology, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Miwa
- Prefectural University of Hiroshima; Japanese Center for AntiAging MedSciences, Hiroshima, Japan
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28
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Leiphrakpam PD, Brattain MG, Black JD, Wang J. TGFβ and IGF1R signaling activates protein kinase A through differential regulation of ezrin phosphorylation in colon cancer cells. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:8242-8254. [PMID: 29599290 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.001299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant cell survival plays a critical role in cancer progression and metastasis. We have previously shown that ezrin, a cAMP-dependent protein kinase A-anchoring protein (AKAP), is up-regulated in colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastasis. Phosphorylation of ezrin at Thr-567 activates ezrin and plays an important role in CRC cell survival associated with XIAP and survivin up-regulation. In this study, we demonstrate that in FET and GEO colon cancer cells, knockdown of ezrin expression or inhibition of ezrin phosphorylation at Thr-567 increases apoptosis through protein kinase A (PKA) activation in a cAMP-independent manner. Transforming growth factor (TGF) β signaling inhibits ezrin phosphorylation in a Smad3-dependent and Smad2-independent manner and regulates pro-apoptotic function through ezrin-mediated PKA activation. On the other hand, ezrin phosphorylation at Thr-567 by insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) signaling leads to cAMP-dependent PKA activation and enhances cell survival. Further studies indicate that phosphorylated ezrin forms a complex with PKA RII, and dephosphorylated ezrin dissociates from the complex and facilitates the association of PKA RII with AKAP149, both of which activate PKA yet lead to either cell survival or apoptosis. Thus, our studies reveal a novel mechanism of differential PKA activation mediated by TGFβ and IGF1R signaling through regulation of ezrin phosphorylation in CRC, resulting in different cell fates. This is of significance because TGFβ and IGF1R signaling pathways are well-characterized tumor suppressor and oncogenic pathways, respectively, with important roles in CRC tumorigenesis and metastasis. Our studies indicate that they cross-talk and antagonize each other's function through regulation of ezrin activation. Therefore, ezrin may be a potential therapeutic target in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Premila D Leiphrakpam
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198
| | - Michael G Brattain
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198; Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198
| | - Jennifer D Black
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198; Departments of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198
| | - Jing Wang
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198; Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198; Departments of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198.
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Schneeberger K, Roth S, Nieuwenhuis EES, Middendorp S. Intestinal epithelial cell polarity defects in disease: lessons from microvillus inclusion disease. Dis Model Mech 2018; 11:11/2/dmm031088. [PMID: 29590640 PMCID: PMC5894939 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.031088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium is a highly organized tissue. The establishment of epithelial cell polarity, with distinct apical and basolateral plasma membrane domains, is pivotal for both barrier formation and for the uptake and vectorial transport of nutrients. The establishment of cell polarity requires a specialized subcellular machinery to transport and recycle proteins to their appropriate location. In order to understand and treat polarity-associated diseases, it is necessary to understand epithelial cell-specific trafficking mechanisms. In this Review, we focus on cell polarity in the adult mammalian intestine. We discuss how intestinal epithelial polarity is established and maintained, and how disturbances in the trafficking machinery can lead to a polarity-associated disorder, microvillus inclusion disease (MVID). Furthermore, we discuss the recent developments in studying MVID, including the creation of genetically manipulated cell lines, mouse models and intestinal organoids, and their uses in basic and applied research. Summary: Microvillus inclusion disease serves as a useful model to enhance our understanding of the intestinal trafficking and polarity machinery in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Schneeberger
- Division of Paediatrics, Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sabrina Roth
- Division of Paediatrics, Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Edward E S Nieuwenhuis
- Division of Paediatrics, Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine Middendorp
- Division of Paediatrics, Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands .,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical Centre (UMC) Utrecht, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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30
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Kschonsak YT, Hoffmann I. Activated Ezrin controls MISP levels to ensure correct NuMA polarization and spindle orientation. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.214544. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.214544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Correct spindle orientation is achieved through signaling pathways that provide a molecular link between the cell cortex and spindle microtubules in an F-actin dependent manner. A conserved cortical protein complex, composed of LGN, NuMA, dynein-dynactin, plays a key role in establishing proper spindle orientation. It has also been shown that the actin-binding protein MISP and the ERM family, that are activated by LOK/SLK in mitosis, regulate spindle orientation. Here, we report that MISP functions between the ERM family member Ezrin and NuMA to allow optimal spindle positioning. We show that MISP directly interacts with Ezrin and that SLK/LOK-activated Ezrin ensures appropriate cortical MISP levels in mitosis by competing with MISP for actin-binding sites at the cell cortex. Furthermore, we found that regulation of proper cortical MISP levels by preventing its excessive accumulation is essential for crescent-like polarized NuMA localization at the cortex and as a consequence for highly dynamic astral microtubules. Our results uncover how appropriate MISP levels at the cortex are required for proper NuMA polarization and therefore an optimal placement of the mitotic spindle within the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne T. Kschonsak
- Cell Cycle Control and Carcinogenesis, F045, German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- University of Heidelberg, F045, German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ingrid Hoffmann
- Cell Cycle Control and Carcinogenesis, F045, German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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31
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Mytilinaiou M, Nikitovic D, Berdiaki A, Papoutsidakis A, Papachristou DJ, Tsatsakis A, Tzanakakis GN. IGF-I regulates HT1080 fibrosarcoma cell migration through a syndecan-2/Erk/ezrin signaling axis. Exp Cell Res 2017; 361:9-18. [PMID: 28962916 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosarcoma is a tumor of mesenchymal origin, originating from fibroblasts. IGF-I is an anabolic growth factor which exhibits significant involvement in cancer progression. In this study, we investigated the possible participation of syndecan-2 (SDC-2), a cell membrane heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycan on IGF-I dependent fibrosarcoma cell motility. Our results demonstrate that SDC-2-deficient HT1080 cells exhibit attenuated IGF-I-dependent chemotactic migration (p < 0.001). SDC-2 was found to co-localize to IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) in a manner dependent on IGF-I activity (P ≤ 0.01). In parallel, the downregulation of SDC-2 significantly inhibited both basal and due to IGF-I action ERK1/2 activation, (p < 0.001). The phosphorylation levels of ezrin (Thr567), which is suggested to act as a signaling bridge between the cellular membrane receptors and actin cytoskeleton, were strongly enhanced by IGF-I at both 1h and 24h (p < 0.05; p < 0.01). The formation of an immunoprecipitative complex revealed an association between SDC2 and ezrin which was enhanced through IGF-I action (p < 0.05). Immunoflourescence demonstrated a co-localization of IGF-IR, SDC2 and ezrin upregulated by IGF-I action. IGF-I enhanced actin polymerization and ezrin/actin specific localization to cell membranes. Finally, treatment with IGF-I strongly increased SDC2 expression at both the mRNA and protein level (p < 0.001). Therefore, we propose a novel SDC2-dependent mechanism, where SDC2 is co-localized with IGF-IR and enhances its' IGFI-dependent downstream signaling. SDC2 mediates directly IGFI-induced ERK1/2 activation, it recruits ezrin, contributes to actin polymerization and ezrin/actin specific localization to cell membranes, ultimately facilitating the progression of IGFI-dependent fibrosarcoma cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mytilinaiou
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dragana Nikitovic
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Berdiaki
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Antonis Papoutsidakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Unit of Bone and Soft Tissue Studies, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - George N Tzanakakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece.
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32
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Topographical interrogation of the living cell surface reveals its role in rapid cell shape changes during phagocytosis and spreading. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9790. [PMID: 28851970 PMCID: PMC5575107 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09761-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dramatic and rapid changes in cell shape are perhaps best exemplified by phagocytes, such as neutrophils. These cells complete the processes of spreading onto surfaces, and phagocytosis within 100 s of stimulation. Although these cell shape changes are accompanied by an apparent large increase in cell surface area, the nature of the membrane “reservoir” for the additional area is unclear. One proposal is that the wrinkled cell surface topography (which forms micro-ridges on the neutrophil surface) provides the resource for neutrophils to expand their available surface area. However, it has been problematic to test this proposal in living cells because these surface structures are sub-light microscopic. In this paper, we report the development of a novel approach, a variant of FRAP (fluorescent recovery after photo-bleaching) modified to interrogate the diffusion path-lengths of membrane associated molecules. This approach provides clear evidence that the cell surface topography changes dramatically during neutrophil shape change (both locally and globally) and can be triggered by elevating cytosolic Ca2+.
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33
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Li LY, Xie YH, Xie YM, Liao LD, Xu XE, Zhang Q, Zeng FM, Tao LH, Xie WM, Xie JJ, Xu LY, Li EM. Ezrin Ser66 phosphorylation regulates invasion and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells by mediating filopodia formation. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 88:162-171. [PMID: 28504189 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ezrin, links the plasma membrane to the actin cytoskeleton, and plays an important role in the development and progression of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, the roles of ezrin S66 phosphorylation in tumorigenesis of ESCC remain unclear. METHODS Distribution of ezrin in membrane and cytosol fractions was examined by analysis of detergent-soluble/-insoluble fractions and cytosol/membrane fractionation. Both immunofluorescence and live imaging were used to explore the role of ezrin S66 phosphorylation in the behavior of ezrin and actin in cell filopodia. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion of ESCC cells were investigated by proliferation and migration assays, respectively. Tumorigenesis, local invasion and metastasis were assessed in a nude mouse model of regional lymph node metastasis. RESULTS Ezrin S66 phosphorylation enhanced the recruitment of ezrin to the membrane in ESCC cells. Additionally, non-phosphorylatable ezrin (S66A) significantly prevented filopodia formation, as well as caused a reduction in the number, length and lifetime of filopodia. Moreover, functional experiments revealed that expression of non-phosphorylatable ezrin (S66A) markedly suppressed migration and invasion but not proliferation of ESCC cells in vitro, and attenuated local invasion and regional lymph node metastasis, but not primary tumor growth of ESCC cells in vivo. CONCLUSION Ezrin S66 phosphorylation enhances filopodia formation, contributing to the regulation of invasion and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Ying-Hua Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yang-Min Xie
- Experimental Animal Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Lian-Di Liao
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China; Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xiu-E Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China; Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Fa-Min Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Li-Hua Tao
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China; Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Wen-Ming Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China; Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jian-Jun Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China; Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - En-Min Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China.
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Feng Q, Bonder EM, Engevik AC, Zhang L, Tyska MJ, Goldenring JR, Gao N. Disruption of Rab8a and Rab11a causes formation of basolateral microvilli in neonatal enteropathy. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:2491-2505. [PMID: 28596241 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.201897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Misplaced formation of microvilli to basolateral domains and intracellular inclusions in enterocytes are pathognomonic features in congenital enteropathy associated with mutation of the apical plasma membrane receptor syntaxin 3 (STX3). Although the demonstrated binding of Myo5b to the Rab8a and Rab11a small GTPases in vitro implicates cytoskeleton-dependent membrane sorting, the mechanisms underlying the microvillar location defect remain unclear. By selective or combinatory disruption of Rab8a and Rab11a membrane traffic in vivo, we demonstrate that transport of distinct cargo to the apical brush border rely on either individual or both Rab regulators, whereas certain basolateral cargos are redundantly transported by both factors. Enterocyte-specific Rab8a and Rab11a double-knockout mouse neonates showed immediate postnatal lethality and more severe enteropathy than single knockouts, with extensive formation of microvilli along basolateral surfaces. Notably, following an inducible Rab11a deletion from neonatal enterocytes, basolateral microvilli were induced within 3 days. These data identify a potentially important and distinct mechanism for a characteristic microvillus defect exhibited by enterocytes of patients with neonatal enteropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Feng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Edward M Bonder
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Amy C Engevik
- Department of Surgery, and Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Lanjing Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.,Department of Pathology, University Medical Center of Princeton, Plainsboro, NJ 08536, USA.,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Matthew J Tyska
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - James R Goldenring
- Department of Surgery, and Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Nashville VA Medical Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Nan Gao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA .,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08903, USA
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Disorazoles Block Group A Streptococcal Invasion into Epithelial Cells Via Interference with the Host Factor Ezrin. Cell Chem Biol 2017; 24:159-170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Sharma N, LaRusch J, Sosnay PR, Gottschalk LB, Lopez AP, Pellicore MJ, Evans T, Davis E, Atalar M, Na CH, Rosson GD, Belchis D, Milewski M, Pandey A, Cutting GR. A sequence upstream of canonical PDZ-binding motif within CFTR COOH-terminus enhances NHERF1 interaction. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 311:L1170-L1182. [PMID: 27793802 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00363.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) targeted therapy for cystic fibrosis has generated interest in maximizing membrane residence of mutant forms of CFTR by manipulating interactions with scaffold proteins, such as sodium/hydrogen exchange regulatory factor-1 (NHERF1). In this study, we explored whether COOH-terminal sequences in CFTR beyond the PDZ-binding motif influence its interaction with NHERF1. NHERF1 displayed minimal self-association in blot overlays (NHERF1, Kd = 1,382 ± 61.1 nM) at concentrations well above physiological levels, estimated at 240 nM from RNA-sequencing and 260 nM by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in sweat gland, a key site of CFTR function in vivo. However, NHERF1 oligomerized at considerably lower concentrations (10 nM) in the presence of the last 111 amino acids of CFTR (20 nM) in blot overlays and cross-linking assays and in coimmunoprecipitations using differently tagged versions of NHERF1. Deletion and alanine mutagenesis revealed that a six-amino acid sequence 1417EENKVR1422 and the terminal 1478TRL1480 (PDZ-binding motif) in the COOH-terminus were essential for the enhanced oligomerization of NHERF1. Full-length CFTR stably expressed in Madin-Darby canine kidney epithelial cells fostered NHERF1 oligomerization that was substantially reduced (∼5-fold) on alanine substitution of EEN, KVR, or EENKVR residues or deletion of the TRL motif. Confocal fluorescent microscopy revealed that the EENKVR and TRL sequences contribute to preferential localization of CFTR to the apical membrane. Together, these results indicate that COOH-terminal sequences mediate enhanced NHERF1 interaction and facilitate the localization of CFTR, a property that could be manipulated to stabilize mutant forms of CFTR at the apical surface to maximize the effect of CFTR-targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Sharma
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jessica LaRusch
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,ARIEL Precision Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Patrick R Sosnay
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Laura B Gottschalk
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Andrea P Lopez
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Matthew J Pellicore
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Taylor Evans
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Emily Davis
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Melis Atalar
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Chan-Hyun Na
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Gedge D Rosson
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Deborah Belchis
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Michal Milewski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Garry R Cutting
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland;
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Muriel O, Tomas A, Scott CC, Gruenberg J. Moesin and cortactin control actin-dependent multivesicular endosome biogenesis. Mol Biol Cell 2016; 27:3305-3316. [PMID: 27605702 PMCID: PMC5170863 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-12-0853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Moesin and cortactin on early endosomes are necessary for the formation of F-actin networks that mediate multivesicular endosome biogenesis and transport through the degradative pathway toward lysosomes. Presumably, this mechanism helps segregate recycling membranes from the maturing multivesicular endosomes. We used in vivo and in vitro strategies to study the mechanisms of multivesicular endosome biogenesis. We found that, whereas annexinA2 and ARP2/3 mediate F-actin nucleation and branching, respectively, the ERM protein moesin supports the formation of F-actin networks on early endosomes. We also found that moesin plays no role during endocytosis and recycling to the plasma membrane but is absolutely required, much like actin, for early-to-late-endosome transport and multivesicular endosome formation. Both actin network formation in vitro and early-to-late endosome transport in vivo also depend on the F-actin–binding protein cortactin. Our data thus show that moesin and cortactin are necessary for formation of F-actin networks that mediate endosome biogenesis or maturation and transport through the degradative pathway. We propose that the primary function of endosomal F-actin is to control the membrane remodeling that accompanies endosome biogenesis. We also speculate that this mechanism helps segregate tubular and multivesicular membranes along the recycling and degradation pathways, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Muriel
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Alejandra Tomas
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Cameron C Scott
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Jean Gruenberg
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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Ijuin T, Takeuchi Y, Shimono Y, Fukumoto M, Tokuda E, Takenawa T. Regulation of CD44 expression and focal adhesion by Golgi phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate in breast cancer. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:981-90. [PMID: 27178239 PMCID: PMC4946718 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CD44, a transmembrane receptor, is expressed in the standard or variant form and plays a critical role in tumor progression and metastasis. This protein regulates cell adhesion and migration in breast cancer cells. We previously reported that phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI(4)P) at the Golgi regulates cell migration and invasion in breast cancer cell lines. In this study, we showed that an increase in PI(4)P levels at the Golgi by knockdown of PI(4)P phosphatase SAC1 increased the expression of standard CD44, variant CD44, and ezrin/radixin phosphorylation and enhanced the formation of focal adhesions mediated by CD44 and ezrin/radixin in MCF7 and SK-BR-3 cells. In contrast, knockdown of PI 4-kinase IIIβ in highly invasive MDA-MB-231 cells decreased these factors. These results suggest that SAC1 expression and PI(4)P at the Golgi are important in tumor progression and metastasis and are potential prognostic markers of breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Ijuin
- Division of Biochemistry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yukiko Takeuchi
- The Integrated Center for Mass Spectrometry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yohei Shimono
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Miki Fukumoto
- Division of Membrane Biology, Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Emi Tokuda
- The Integrated Center for Mass Spectrometry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tadaomi Takenawa
- Division of Membrane Biology, Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
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Alterations of proteins in MDCK cells during acute potassium deficiency. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2016; 1864:683-696. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Secretory cells in honeybee hypopharyngeal gland: polarized organization and age-dependent dynamics of plasma membrane. Cell Tissue Res 2016; 366:163-74. [PMID: 27210106 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2423-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The honeybee hypopharyngeal gland consists in numerous units, each comprising a secretory cell and a canal cell. The secretory cell discharges its products into a convoluted tubular membrane system, the canaliculus, which is surrounded at regular intervals by rings of actin filaments. Using probes for various membrane components, we analyze the organization of the secretory cells relative to the apicobasal configuration of epithelial cells. The canaliculus was defined by labeling with an antibody against phosphorylated ezrin/radixin/moesin (pERM), a marker protein for the apical membrane domain of epithelial cells. Anti-phosphotyrosine visualizes the canalicular system, possibly by staining the microvillar tips. The open end of the canaliculus leads to a region in which the secretory cell is attached to the canal cell by adherens and septate junctions. The remaining plasma membrane stains for Na,K-ATPase and spectrin and represents the basolateral domain. We also used fluorophore-tagged phalloidin, anti-phosphotyrosine and anti-pERM as probes for the canaliculus in order to describe fine-structural changes in the organization of the canalicular system during the adult life cycle. These probes in conjunction with fluorescence microscopy allow the fast and detailed three-dimensional analysis of the canalicular membrane system and its structural changes in a developmental mode or in response to environmental factors.
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Hata K, Yoshida J, Udagawa H, Hashimoto H, Fujii S, Hishida T, Kuwata T, Aokage K, Kojima M, Ochiai A, Suzuki K, Tsuboi M, Ishii G. The difference in Ezrin-pAkt signaling axis between lepidic and papillary predominant invasive adenocarcinomas of the lung. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2016; 142:1421-30. [PMID: 27059464 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-016-2154-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Histologic classification of invasive lung adenocarcinomas by predominant subtype has prognostic value. Papillary predominant adenocarcinoma (PPA) reportedly shows poorer prognosis than lepidic predominant adenocarcinoma (LPA); however, biological differences between PPA and LPA are unclear. The purpose of this study was to clarify biological differences between PPA and LPA. METHODS Clinicopathological characteristics of invasive 62 PPAs and 117 LPAs smaller than 30 mm were investigated. Furthermore, we compared immunochemical staining scores of 9 molecular markers (E-cadherin, S100A4, fibronectin, integrinβ1, ezrin, GLUT1, ALDH1, SOX2 and Nanog) between PPA and LPA. We performed Western blot analysis using ezrin shRNA-knockdown lung adenocarcinoma cell lines to examine whether molecules that are highly expressed in PPA, such as ezrin, affect pAkt. Finally, we performed immunochemical staining to compare pAkt expression level in PPA and LPA. RESULTS Lymphovascular and pleural invasion and lymph node metastasis were significantly more often detected in PPA than in LPA (lymphatic permeation: 31 vs 3 %, vascular invasion: 35 vs 3 %, pleural invasion: 29 vs 5 %, lymph node metastasis: 18 vs 1 %; all P < 0.01). Immunohistochemical (IHC) study revealed that expression score of ezrin was significantly higher in PPA than in LPA (38.3 vs 15.0; P < 0.01). The level of pAkt decreased in shEzrin-induced PC-9 and A549 cancer cells. Moreover, the IHC staining score of pAkt was significantly higher in PPA than in LPA (13.3 vs 0.0; P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our results show that the activation of the ezrin-pAkt signaling axis is associated with the more aggressive clinicopathological features of PPA compared with LPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Hata
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan.,Division of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan.,Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 3-1-3, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Junji Yoshida
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Hibiki Udagawa
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroko Hashimoto
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujii
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Hishida
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kuwata
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Keiju Aokage
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Motohiro Kojima
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ochiai
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Kenji Suzuki
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 3-1-3, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsuboi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Genichiro Ishii
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan.
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42
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Berberine-induced changes in protein expression and antioxidant enzymes in melanoma cells. Mol Cell Toxicol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-016-0008-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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43
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Cortical actin and the plasma membrane: inextricably intertwined. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2016; 38:81-9. [PMID: 26986983 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2016.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The plasma membrane serves as a barrier, separating the cell from its external environment. Simultaneously it acts as a site for information transduction, entry of nutrients, receptor signaling, and adapts to the shape of the cell. This requires local control of organization at multiple scales in this heterogeneous fluid lipid bilayer with a plethora of proteins and a closely juxtaposed dynamic cortical cytoskeleton. New membrane models highlight the influence of the underlying cortical actin on the diffusion of membrane components. Myosin motors as well as proteins that remodel actin filaments have additionally been implicated in defining the organization of many membrane constituents. Here we provide a perspective of the intimate relationship of the membrane lipid matrix and the underlying cytoskeleton.
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44
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Bendris N, Williams KC, Reis CR, Welf ES, Chen PH, Lemmers B, Hahne M, Leong HS, Schmid SL. SNX9 promotes metastasis by enhancing cancer cell invasion via differential regulation of RhoGTPases. Mol Biol Cell 2016; 27:mbc.E16-02-0101. [PMID: 26960793 PMCID: PMC4850029 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e16-02-0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite current advances in cancer research, metastasis remains the leading factor in cancer-related deaths. Here, we identify sorting nexin 9 (SNX9) as a new regulator of breast cancer metastasis. We detected an increase in SNX9 expression in human breast cancer metastases compared with primary tumors and demonstrated that SNX9 expression in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells is necessary to maintain their ability to metastasize in a chick embryo model. Reciprocally, SNX9 knockdown impairs the process. In vitro studies using several cancer cell lines derived from a variety of human tumors revealed a role for SNX9 in cell invasion and identified mechanisms responsible for this novel function. We showed that SNX9 controls the activation of RhoA and Cdc42 GTPases and also regulates cell motility via the modulation of well-known molecules involved in metastasis, namely RhoA-ROCK and N-WASP. In addition, we have discovered that SNX9 is required for RhoGTPase-dependent, clathrin-independent endocytosis, and in this capacity, can functionally substitute to the bona fide Rho GAP, GRAF1 (GTPase Regulator Associated with Focal Adhesion Kinase). Together, our data establish novel roles for SNX9 as a multifunctional protein scaffold that regulates, and potentially coordinates, several cellular processes that together can enhance cancer cell metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawal Bendris
- Department of Cell Biology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas. 6000 Harry Hines Blvd. Dallas, TX 75390-9039
| | - Karla C Williams
- Translational Prostate Cancer Research Group, London Regional Cancer Program, 790 Commissioners Road East, London ON N6A 4L6, Canada
| | - Carlos R Reis
- Department of Cell Biology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas. 6000 Harry Hines Blvd. Dallas, TX 75390-9039
| | - Erik S Welf
- Department of Cell Biology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas. 6000 Harry Hines Blvd. Dallas, TX 75390-9039
| | - Ping-Hung Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas. 6000 Harry Hines Blvd. Dallas, TX 75390-9039
| | - Bénédicte Lemmers
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS- Universités Montpellier 1 et 2, Montpellier, France
| | - Michael Hahne
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS- Universités Montpellier 1 et 2, Montpellier, France
| | - H S Leong
- Translational Prostate Cancer Research Group, London Regional Cancer Program, 790 Commissioners Road East, London ON N6A 4L6, Canada
| | - Sandra L Schmid
- Department of Cell Biology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas. 6000 Harry Hines Blvd. Dallas, TX 75390-9039
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Abstract
The brush border on the apical surface of enterocytes is a highly specialized structure well-adapted for efficient digestion and nutrient transport, whilst at the same time providing a protective barrier for the intestinal mucosa. The brush border is constituted of a densely ordered array of microvilli, protrusions of the plasma membrane, which are supported by actin-based microfilaments and interacting proteins and anchored in an apical network of actomyosin and intermediate filaments, the so-called terminal web. The highly dynamic, specialized apical domain is both an essential partner for the gut microbiota and an efficient signalling platform that enables adaptation to physiological stimuli from the external and internal milieu. Nevertheless, genetic alterations or various pathological stresses, such as infection, inflammation, and mechanical or nutritional alterations, can jeopardize this equilibrium and compromise intestinal functions. Long-time neglected, the intestinal brush-border shall be enlightening again as the central actor of the complex but essential intestinal homeostasis. Here, we review the processes and components involved in brush border organization and discuss pathological mechanisms that can induce brush border defects and their physiological consequences.
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Prognostic Value of Ezrin in Various Cancers: A Systematic Review and Updated Meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17903. [PMID: 26632332 PMCID: PMC4668575 DOI: 10.1038/srep17903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
More and more studies have investigated the effects of Ezrin expression level on the prognostic role in various tumors. However, the results remain controversial rather than conclusive. Here, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the correlation of Ezrin expression with the prognosis in various tumors. the pooled hazard ratios (HR) with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated to evaluate the degree of the association. The overall results of fifty-five studies with 6675 patients showed that elevated Ezrin expression was associated with a worse prognosis in patients with cancers, with the pooled HRs of 1.86 (95% CI: 1.51–2.31, P < 0.001) for over survival (OS), 2.55 (95% CI: 2.14–3.05, P < 0.001) for disease-specific survival (DFS) and 2.02 (95% CI: 1.13–3.63, P = 0.018) for disease-specific survival (DSS)/metastasis-free survival (MFS) by the random, fixed and random effect model respectively. Similar results were also observed in the stratified analyses by tumor types, ethnicity background and sample source. This meta-analysis suggests that Ezrin may be a potential prognostic marker in cancer patients. High Ezrin is associated with a poor prognosis in a variety of solid tumors.
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Global contraction or local growth, bleb shape depends on more than just cell structure. J Theor Biol 2015; 380:83-97. [PMID: 25934350 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2015.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
When the plasma membrane of a cell locally delaminates from its actin cortex the membrane is pushed outwards due to the cell׳s internal fluid pressure. The resulting spherical protrusion is known as a bleb. A cell׳s ability to function correctly is highly dependent on the production of such protrusions with the correct size and shape. Here, we investigate the nucleation of large blebs from small, local neck regions. A mathematical model of a cell׳s membrane, cortex and interconnecting adhesions demonstrates that these three components are unable to capture experimentally observed bleb shapes without the addition of further assumptions. We have identified that combinations of global cortex contraction and localised membrane growth are the most promising methods for generating prototypical blebs. Currently, neither proposed mechanism has been fully tested experimentally and, thus, we propose experiments that will distinguish between the two methods of bleb production.
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48
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Shrivastava R, Köster D, Kalme S, Mayor S, Neerathilingam M. Tailor-made ezrin actin binding domain to probe its interaction with actin in-vitro. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123428. [PMID: 25860910 PMCID: PMC4393143 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ezrin, a member of the ERM (Ezrin/Radixin/Moesin) protein family, is an Actin-plasma membrane linker protein mediating cellular integrity and function. In-vivo study of such interactions is a complex task due to the presence of a large number of endogenous binding partners for both Ezrin and Actin. Further, C-terminal actin binding capacity of the full length Ezrin is naturally shielded by its N-terminal, and only rendered active in the presence of Phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate (PIP2) or phosphorylation at the C-terminal threonine. Here, we demonstrate a strategy for the design, expression and purification of constructs, combining the Ezrin C-terminal actin binding domain, with functional elements such as fusion tags and fluorescence tags to facilitate purification and fluorescence microscopy based studies. For the first time, internal His tag was employed for purification of Ezrin actin binding domain based on in-silico modeling. The functionality (Ezrin-actin interaction) of these constructs was successfully demonstrated by using Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy. This design can be extended to other members of the ERM family as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohini Shrivastava
- Protein Technology Core, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms NCBS-TIFR, GKVK Post, Bangalore, India
| | - Darius Köster
- NationalCentre for Biological Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research GKVK, Bangalore, India
| | - Sheetal Kalme
- Protein Technology Core, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms NCBS-TIFR, GKVK Post, Bangalore, India
| | - Satyajit Mayor
- NationalCentre for Biological Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research GKVK, Bangalore, India
| | - Muniasamy Neerathilingam
- Protein Technology Core, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms NCBS-TIFR, GKVK Post, Bangalore, India
- * E-mail:
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Panichakul T, Ponnikorn S, Roytrakul S, Paemanee A, Kittisenachai S, Hongeng S, Udomsangpetch R. Plasmodium vivax inhibits erythroid cell growth through altered phosphorylation of the cytoskeletal protein ezrin. Malar J 2015; 14:138. [PMID: 25889165 PMCID: PMC4392472 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-015-0648-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The underlying causes of severe malarial anaemia are multifactorial. In previously reports, Plasmodium vivax was found to be able to directly inhibited erythroid cell proliferation and differentiation. The molecular mechanisms underlying the suppression of erythropoiesis by P. vivax are remarkably complex and remain unclear. In this study, a phosphoproteomic approach was performed to dissect the molecular mechanism of phosphoprotein regulation, which is involved in the inhibitory effect of parasites on erythroid cell development. METHODS This study describes the first comparative phosphoproteome analysis of growing erythroid cells (gECs), derived from human haematopoietic stem cells, exposed to lysates of infected erythrocytes (IE)/uninfected erythrocytes (UE) for 24, 48 and 72 h. This study utilized IMAC phosphoprotein isolation directly coupled with LC MS/MS analysis. RESULTS Lysed IE significantly inhibited gEC growth at 48 and 72 h and cell division resulting in the accumulation of cells in G0 phase. The relative levels of forty four phosphoproteins were determined from gECs exposed to IE/UE for 24-72 h and compared with the media control using the label-free quantitation technique. Interestingly, the levels of three phosphoproteins: ezrin, alpha actinin-1, and Rho kinase were significantly (p < 0.05) altered. These proteins display interactions and are involved in the regulation of the cellular cytoskeleton. Particularly affected was ezrin (phosphorylated at Thr567), which is normally localized to gEC cell extension peripheral processes. Following exposure to IE, for 48-72 h, the ezrin signal intensity was weak or absent. This result suggests that phospho-ezrin is important for actin cytoskeleton regulation during erythroid cell growth and division. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that parasite proteins are able to inhibit erythroid cell growth by down-regulation of ezrin phosphorylation, leading to ineffective erythropoiesis ultimately resulting in severe malarial anaemia. A better understanding of the mechanisms of ineffective erythropoiesis may be beneficial in the development of therapeutic strategies to prevent severe malarial anaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasanee Panichakul
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Dusit Rajabhat University, 204/3 Sirindhorn Rd. Bangplat, 10700, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Saranyoo Ponnikorn
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, 2nd Floor, Piyachart Building, Thammasat University, Rungsit campus, 12120, Patumthani, Thailand.
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- Proteomics Research Laboratory, National Center for Genetic and Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Klong1, 12120, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, Thailand.
| | - Atchara Paemanee
- Proteomics Research Laboratory, National Center for Genetic and Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Klong1, 12120, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, Thailand.
| | - Suthathip Kittisenachai
- Proteomics Research Laboratory, National Center for Genetic and Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Klong1, 12120, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, Thailand.
| | - Suradej Hongeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 272 Rama VI Rd., Ratchathewi District, 10400, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Rachanee Udomsangpetch
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 272 Rama VI Rd., Ratchathewi District, 10400, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Li J, Li L, Li Z, Gong G, Chen P, Liu H, Wang J, Liu Y, Wu X. The role of miR-205 in the VEGF-mediated promotion of human ovarian cancer cell invasion. Gynecol Oncol 2015; 137:125-33. [PMID: 25597268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.01.531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our objective was to investigate a miRNA pathway that acts downstream of VEGF-induced invasion of ovarian cancer cells. METHOD We used two paired high and low metastatic serous ovarian cancer cells to demonstrate the role of miR-205 in VEGF-induced invasion of ovarian cancer cells and to investigate the gene targets of miR-205. RESULTS Our previous comparative proteomics studies showed that VEGF decreased the expression of Ezrin and Lamin A/C, and this result was validated in the present study using qPCR and Western blotting. Then we found that VEGF enhanced the invasiveness of and inhibited apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells as assessed by transwell invasion assays and Annexin V-FITC immunostaining, respectively. VEGFR was also expressed in ovarian cancer cells, as assessed by immunocytochemical staining. Furthermore, using the dual-luciferase report assay system, we demonstrated that miR-205 targeted Ezrin and Lamin A/C. MiR-205 was up-regulated in ovarian cancer cells exposed to VEGF, as determined by miRNA microarray analysis and verified by qPCR. MiR-205 promoted the invasion and proliferation of ovarian cancer cells. CONCLUSION Our data reveal a new potential pathway in which VEGF promotes the invasion of ovarian cancer cells, partially via the down-regulation of Ezrin and Lamin A/C caused by increased expression of miR-205.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanni Li
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Long Li
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Zexia Li
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Microarray Core Facility, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 75070, USA
| | - Guanghui Gong
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Puxiang Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Hailing Liu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Junpu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Xiaoying Wu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
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