1
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Ryu S, Ko D, Shin B, Rhee K. The intercentriolar fibers function as docking sites of centriolar satellites for cilia assembly. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202105065. [PMID: 38416111 PMCID: PMC10901237 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202105065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Two mother centrioles in an animal cell are linked by intercentriolar fibers that have CROCC/rootletin as their main building block. Here, we investigated the regulatory role of intercentriolar/rootlet fibers in cilia assembly. The cilia formation rates were significantly reduced in the CEP250/C-NAP1 and CROCC/rootletin knockout (KO) cells, irrespective of the departure of the young mother centrioles from the basal bodies. In addition, centriolar satellites were dispersed throughout the cytoplasm in the CEP250 and CROCC KO cells. We observed that PCM1 directly binds to CROCC. Their interaction is critical not only for the accumulation of centriolar satellites near the centrosomes/basal bodies but also for cilia formation. Finally, we observed that the centriolar satellite proteins are localized at the intercentriolar/rootlet fibers in the kidney epithelial cells. Based on these findings, we propose that the intercentriolar/rootlet fibers function as docking sites for centriolar satellites near the centrosomes/basal bodies and facilitate the cilia assembly process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjin Ryu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Donghee Ko
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byungho Shin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kunsoo Rhee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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2
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Xie S, Naslavsky N, Caplan S. Emerging insights into CP110 removal during early steps of ciliogenesis. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs261579. [PMID: 38415788 PMCID: PMC10941660 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary cilium is an antenna-like projection from the plasma membrane that serves as a sensor of the extracellular environment and a crucial signaling hub. Primary cilia are generated in most mammalian cells, and their physiological significance is highlighted by the large number of severe developmental disorders or ciliopathies that occur when primary ciliogenesis is impaired. Primary ciliogenesis is a tightly regulated process, and a central early regulatory step is the removal of a key mother centriole capping protein, CP110 (also known as CCP110). This uncapping allows vesicles docked on the distal appendages of the mother centriole to fuse to form a ciliary vesicle, which is bent into a ciliary sheath as the microtubule-based axoneme grows and extends from the mother centriole. When the mother centriole migrates toward the plasma membrane, the ciliary sheath fuses with the plasma membrane to form the primary cilium. In this Review, we outline key early steps of primary ciliogenesis, focusing on several novel mechanisms for removal of CP110. We also highlight examples of ciliopathies caused by genetic variants that encode key proteins involved in the early steps of ciliogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwei Xie
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Naava Naslavsky
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Steve Caplan
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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3
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Hall EA, Kumar D, Prosser SL, Yeyati PL, Herranz-Pérez V, García-Verdugo JM, Rose L, McKie L, Dodd DO, Tennant PA, Megaw R, Murphy LC, Ferreira MF, Grimes G, Williams L, Quidwai T, Pelletier L, Reiter JF, Mill P. Centriolar satellites expedite mother centriole remodeling to promote ciliogenesis. eLife 2023; 12:e79299. [PMID: 36790165 PMCID: PMC9998092 DOI: 10.7554/elife.79299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Centrosomes are orbited by centriolar satellites, dynamic multiprotein assemblies nucleated by Pericentriolar material 1 (PCM1). To study the requirement for centriolar satellites, we generated mice lacking PCM1, a crucial component of satellites. Pcm1-/- mice display partially penetrant perinatal lethality with survivors exhibiting hydrocephalus, oligospermia, and cerebellar hypoplasia, and variably expressive phenotypes such as hydronephrosis. As many of these phenotypes have been observed in human ciliopathies and satellites are implicated in cilia biology, we investigated whether cilia were affected. PCM1 was dispensable for ciliogenesis in many cell types, whereas Pcm1-/- multiciliated ependymal cells and human PCM1-/- retinal pigmented epithelial 1 (RPE1) cells showed reduced ciliogenesis. PCM1-/- RPE1 cells displayed reduced docking of the mother centriole to the ciliary vesicle and removal of CP110 and CEP97 from the distal mother centriole, indicating compromised early ciliogenesis. Similarly, Pcm1-/- ependymal cells exhibited reduced removal of CP110 from basal bodies in vivo. We propose that PCM1 and centriolar satellites facilitate efficient trafficking of proteins to and from centrioles, including the departure of CP110 and CEP97 to initiate ciliogenesis, and that the threshold to trigger ciliogenesis differs between cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma A Hall
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Dhivya Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Suzanna L Prosser
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health SystemTorontoCanada
| | - Patricia L Yeyati
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Vicente Herranz-Pérez
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of ValenciaValenciaSpain
- Predepartamental Unit of Medicine, Jaume I UniversityCastelló de la PlanaSpain
| | | | - Lorraine Rose
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Lisa McKie
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Daniel O Dodd
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Peter A Tennant
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Roly Megaw
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Laura C Murphy
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Marisa F Ferreira
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Graeme Grimes
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Lucy Williams
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Tooba Quidwai
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Laurence Pelletier
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health SystemTorontoCanada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of TorontoUniversity of TorontoCanada
| | - Jeremy F Reiter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoUnited States
- Chan Zuckerberg BiohubSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Pleasantine Mill
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
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4
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Chao YY, Huang BM, Peng IC, Lee PR, Lai YS, Chiu WT, Lin YS, Lin SC, Chang JH, Chen PS, Tsai SJ, Wang CY. ATM- and ATR-induced primary ciliogenesis promotes cisplatin resistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:4487-4503. [PMID: 36251015 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal cancers because of its late diagnosis and chemoresistance. Primary cilia, the cellular antennae, are observed in most human cells to maintain development and differentiation. Primary cilia are gradually lost during the progression of pancreatic cancer and are eventually absent in PDAC. Here, we showed that cisplatin-resistant PDAC regrew primary cilia. Additionally, genetic or pharmacological disruption of primary cilia sensitized PDAC to cisplatin treatment. Mechanistically, ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and ATM and RAD3-related (ATR), tumor suppressors that initiate DNA damage responses, promoted the excessive formation of centriolar satellites (EFoCS) and autophagy activation. Disruption of EFoCS and autophagy inhibited primary ciliogenesis, sensitizing PDAC cells to cisplatin treatment. Collectively, our findings revealed an unexpected interplay among the DNA damage response, primary cilia, and chemoresistance in PDAC and deciphered the molecular mechanism by which ATM/ATR-mediated EFoCS and autophagy cooperatively regulate primary ciliogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ying Chao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Bu-Miin Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - I-Chen Peng
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Rong Lee
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shyun Lai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Tai Chiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Syuan Lin
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Lin
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pai-Sheng Chen
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shaw-Jenq Tsai
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yih Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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5
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Chu Z, Gruss OJ. Mitotic Maturation Compensates for Premature Centrosome Splitting and PCM Loss in Human cep135 Knockout Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071189. [PMID: 35406752 PMCID: PMC8997944 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Centrosomes represent main microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs) in animal cells. Their duplication in S-phase enables the establishment of two MTOCs in M-phase that define the poles of the spindle and ensure equal distribution of chromosomes and centrosomes to the two daughter cells. While key functions of many centrosomal proteins have been addressed in RNAi experiments and chronic knockdown, knockout experiments with complete loss of function in all cells enable quantitative analysis of cellular phenotypes at all cell-cycle stages. Here, we show that the centriolar satellite proteins SSX2IP and WDR8 and the centriolar protein CEP135 form a complex before centrosome assembly in vertebrate oocytes and further functionally interact in somatic cells with established centrosomes. We present stable knockouts of SSX2IP, WDR8, and CEP135 in human cells. While loss of SSX2IP and WDR8 are compensated for, cep135 knockout cells display compromised PCM recruitment, reduced MTOC function, and premature centrosome splitting with imbalanced PCMs. Defective cep135 knockout centrosomes, however, manage to establish balanced spindle poles, allowing unperturbed mitosis and regular cell proliferation. Our data show essential functions of CEP135 in interphase MTOCs and demonstrate that loss of individual functions of SSX2IP, WDR8, and CEP135 are fully compensated for in mitosis.
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6
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Mansour F, Boivin FJ, Shaheed IB, Schueler M, Schmidt-Ott KM. The Role of Centrosome Distal Appendage Proteins (DAPs) in Nephronophthisis and Ciliogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212253. [PMID: 34830133 PMCID: PMC8621283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary cilium is found in most mammalian cells and plays a functional role in tissue homeostasis and organ development by modulating key signaling pathways. Ciliopathies are a group of genetically heterogeneous disorders resulting from defects in cilia development and function. Patients with ciliopathic disorders exhibit a range of phenotypes that include nephronophthisis (NPHP), a progressive tubulointerstitial kidney disease that commonly results in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In recent years, distal appendages (DAPs), which radially project from the distal end of the mother centriole, have been shown to play a vital role in primary ciliary vesicle docking and the initiation of ciliogenesis. Mutations in the genes encoding these proteins can result in either a complete loss of the primary cilium, abnormal ciliary formation, or defective ciliary signaling. DAPs deficiency in humans or mice commonly results in NPHP. In this review, we outline recent advances in our understanding of the molecular functions of DAPs and how they participate in nephronophthisis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Mansour
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (F.M.); (F.J.B.)
- Molecular and Translational Kidney Research, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12613 Giza, Egypt;
| | - Felix J. Boivin
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (F.M.); (F.J.B.)
- Molecular and Translational Kidney Research, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Iman B. Shaheed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12613 Giza, Egypt;
| | - Markus Schueler
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (F.M.); (F.J.B.)
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (K.M.S.-O.)
| | - Kai M. Schmidt-Ott
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (F.M.); (F.J.B.)
- Molecular and Translational Kidney Research, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (K.M.S.-O.)
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7
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Stemm-Wolf AJ, O’Toole ET, Sheridan RM, Morgan JT, Pearson CG. The SON RNA splicing factor is required for intracellular trafficking structures that promote centriole assembly and ciliogenesis. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:ar4. [PMID: 34406792 PMCID: PMC8684746 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e21-06-0305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Control of centrosome assembly is critical for cell division, intracellular trafficking, and cilia. Regulation of centrosome number occurs through the precise duplication of centrioles that reside in centrosomes. Here we explored transcriptional control of centriole assembly and find that the RNA splicing factor SON is specifically required for completing procentriole assembly. Whole genome mRNA sequencing identified genes whose splicing and expression are affected by the reduction of SON, with an enrichment in genes involved in the microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton, centrosome, and centriolar satellites. SON is required for the proper splicing and expression of CEP131, which encodes a major centriolar satellite protein and is required to organize the trafficking and MT network around the centrosomes. This study highlights the importance of the distinct MT trafficking network that is intimately associated with nascent centrioles and is responsible for procentriole development and efficient ciliogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J. Stemm-Wolf
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | | | - Ryan M. Sheridan
- RNA Biosciences Initiative (RBI), University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Jacob T. Morgan
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Chad G. Pearson
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
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8
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An anchoring complex recruits katanin for microtubule severing at the plant cortical nucleation sites. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3687. [PMID: 34140499 PMCID: PMC8211667 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24067-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are severed by katanin at distinct cellular locations to facilitate reorientation or amplification of dynamic microtubule arrays, but katanin targeting mechanisms are poorly understood. Here we show that a centrosomal microtubule-anchoring complex is used to recruit katanin in acentrosomal plant cells. The conserved protein complex of Msd1 (also known as SSX2IP) and Wdr8 is localized at microtubule nucleation sites along the microtubule lattice in interphase Arabidopsis cells. Katanin is recruited to these sites for efficient release of newly formed daughter microtubules. Our cell biological and genetic studies demonstrate that Msd1-Wdr8 acts as a specific katanin recruitment factor to cortical nucleation sites (but not to microtubule crossover sites) and stabilizes the association of daughter microtubule minus ends to their nucleation sites until they become severed by katanin. Molecular coupling of sequential anchoring and severing events by the evolutionarily conserved complex renders microtubule release under tight control of katanin activity.
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9
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Madhangi M, Dutta D, Show S, Bhat VK, Rather MI, Tiwari A, Singh N, Duvvari MR, Murthy GJ, Kumar A, Nongthomba U. Exome sequencing and functional studies in zebrafish identify WDR8 as the causative gene for isolated Microspherophakia in Indian families. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:467-484. [PMID: 33693649 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolated Microspherophakia (MSP) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a smaller than normal spherical lens. Till date, LTBP2 is the only gene shown to cause MSP. We used homozygosity mapping and whole-exome sequencing and identified a homozygous mutation, c.1148C > T (p.Pro383Leu), in the WDR8 (or WRAP73) gene in two Indian MSP families. In vitro experiments showed that the missense mutation renders the protein unstable. WDR8 is a centriolar protein that has important roles in centrosomal assembly, spindle pole formation and ciliogenesis. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments from HeLa cells indicated that the mutation interferes with the interaction of WDR8 with its binding partners. In zebrafish, both morpholino-mediated knockdown and CRISPR/Cas knockout of wdr8 resulted in decreased eye and lens size. The lack of wdr8 affected cell cycle progression in the retinal cells, causing a reduction in cell numbers in the retina and lens. The reduction in eye size and the cell cycle defects were rescued by exogenous expression of the human wild-type WDR8. However, the human mutant WDR8 (p.Pro383Leu) was unable to rescue the eye defects, indicating that the missense mutation abrogates WDR8 protein function. Thus, our zebrafish results suggested that WDR8 is the causative gene for MSP in these Indian families.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Madhangi
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Debanjan Dutta
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Sautan Show
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Vishwanath K Bhat
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Mohammad I Rather
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Ankana Tiwari
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Nivedita Singh
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Maheswara R Duvvari
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Gowri J Murthy
- Prabha Eye Clinic and Research Centre, Bangalore 560070, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Upendra Nongthomba
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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10
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Peterson TA, Piper RC. Deconvolution of Multiple Rab Binding Domains Using the Batch Yeast 2-Hybrid Method DEEPN. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2293:117-141. [PMID: 34453714 PMCID: PMC8524840 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1346-7_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A hallmark of functionally significant interactions between Rab proteins and their targets is whether that binding depends on the type of nucleotide bound to the Rab GTPase. A system that can directly compare those sets of interactions mediated by a Rab in its GTP-bound conformation versus its GDP bound conformation would provide a direct route to finding biologically relevant partners. Comprehensive large-scale yeast 2-hybrid assays allow a potential method to compare one interactome against another provided that the same set of potentially interacting partners is interrogated between samples. Here we describe the use of such a yeast 2-hybrid system that lends itself toward comparing pairs of Rab mutants, locked in either their GTP or GDP conformation. Importantly, using a complex library of protein fragments as potential binding ("prey") partners, identification of interacting proteins as well as the domain(s) mediating those interactions can be determined using a series of sequence analyses and binary validation experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabitha A Peterson
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Robert C Piper
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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11
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Mandaviya PR, Joehanes R, Brody J, Castillo-Fernandez JE, Dekkers KF, Do AN, Graff M, Hänninen IK, Tanaka T, de Jonge EAL, Kiefte-de Jong JC, Absher DM, Aslibekyan S, de Rijke YB, Fornage M, Hernandez DG, Hurme MA, Ikram MA, Jacques PF, Justice AE, Kiel DP, Lemaitre RN, Mendelson MM, Mikkilä V, Moore AZ, Pallister T, Raitakari OT, Schalkwijk CG, Sha J, Slagboom EPE, Smith CE, Stehouwer CDA, Tsai PC, Uitterlinden AG, van der Kallen CJH, van Heemst D, Arnett DK, Bandinelli S, Bell JT, Heijmans BT, Lehtimäki T, Levy D, North KE, Sotoodehnia N, van Greevenbroek MMJ, van Meurs JBJ, Heil SG. Association of dietary folate and vitamin B-12 intake with genome-wide DNA methylation in blood: a large-scale epigenome-wide association analysis in 5841 individuals. Am J Clin Nutr 2019; 110:437-450. [PMID: 31165884 PMCID: PMC6669135 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Folate and vitamin B-12 are essential micronutrients involved in the donation of methyl groups in cellular metabolism. However, associations between intake of these nutrients and genome-wide DNA methylation levels have not been studied comprehensively in humans. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess whether folate and/or vitamin B-12 intake are asssociated with genome-wide changes in DNA methylation in leukocytes. METHODS A large-scale epigenome-wide association study of folate and vitamin B-12 intake was performed on DNA from 5841 participants from 10 cohorts using Illumina 450k arrays. Folate and vitamin B-12 intakes were calculated from food-frequency questionnaires (FFQs). Continuous and categorical (low compared with high intake) linear regression mixed models were applied per cohort, controlling for confounders. A meta-analysis was performed to identify significant differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and regions (DMRs), and a pathway analysis was performed on the DMR annotated genes. RESULTS The categorical model resulted in 6 DMPs, which are all negatively associated with folate intake, annotated to FAM64A, WRAP73, FRMD8, CUX1, and LCN8 genes, which have a role in cellular processes including centrosome localization, cell proliferation, and tumorigenesis. Regional analysis showed 74 folate-associated DMRs, of which 73 were negatively associated with folate intake. The most significant folate-associated DMR was a 400-base pair (bp) spanning region annotated to the LGALS3BP gene. In the categorical model, vitamin B-12 intake was associated with 29 DMRs annotated to 48 genes, of which the most significant was a 1100-bp spanning region annotated to the calcium-binding tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated gene (CABYR). Vitamin B-12 intake was not associated with DMPs. CONCLUSIONS We identified novel epigenetic loci that are associated with folate and vitamin B-12 intake. Interestingly, we found a negative association between folate and DNA methylation. Replication of these methylation loci is necessary in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja R Mandaviya
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roby Joehanes
- Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Broad Institute of MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Framingham, MA
| | - Jennifer Brody
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Koen F Dekkers
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anh N Do
- Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Ismo K Hänninen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center–Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Pirkanmaa, Finland
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ester A L de Jonge
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica C Kiefte-de Jong
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Governance and Global Affairs, Leiden University College, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | | | - Stella Aslibekyan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Yolanda B de Rijke
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine and Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Dena G Hernandez
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD
| | - Mikko A Hurme
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Pirkanmaa, Finland
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul F Jacques
- USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | - Anne E Justice
- Biomedical and Translational Informatics, Geisinger Health, Danville, PA
| | - Douglas P Kiel
- Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Broad Institute of MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA
| | | | - Michael M Mendelson
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Framingham, MA
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Vera Mikkilä
- Division of Nutrition, Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland
| | - Ann Z Moore
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD
| | - Tess Pallister
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, and Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Southwest Finland, Finland
| | - Casper G Schalkwijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre and CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jin Sha
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Eline P E Slagboom
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Caren E Smith
- USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | - Coen D A Stehouwer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre and CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Pei-Chien Tsai
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | | | - Carla J H van der Kallen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre and CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Donna K Arnett
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | | | - Jordana T Bell
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bastiaan T Heijmans
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center–Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Pirkanmaa, Finland
| | - Daniel Levy
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Framingham, MA
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Marleen M J van Greevenbroek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre and CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Sandra G Heil
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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12
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Han KJ, Wu Z, Pearson CG, Peng J, Song K, Liu CW. Deubiquitylase USP9X maintains centriolar satellite integrity by stabilizing pericentriolar material 1 protein. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.221663. [PMID: 30584065 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.221663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Centriolar satellites are small cytoplasmic granules that play important roles in regulating the formation of centrosomes and primary cilia. Ubiquitylation of satellite proteins, including the core satellite scaffold protein pericentriolar material 1 (PCM1), regulates centriolar satellite integrity. Currently, deubiquitylases that control centriolar satellite integrity have not been identified. In this study, we find that the deubiquitylase USP9X binds PCM1, and antagonizes PCM1 ubiquitylation to protect it from proteasomal degradation. Knockdown of USP9X in human cell lines reduces PCM1 protein levels, disrupts centriolar satellite particles and causes localization of satellite proteins, such as CEP290, to centrosomes. Interestingly, knockdown of mindbomb 1 (MIB1), a ubiquitin ligase that promotes PCM1 ubiquitylation and degradation, in USP9X-depleted cells largely restores PCM1 protein levels and corrects defects caused by the loss of USP9X. Overall, our study reveals that USP9X is a constituent of centriolar satellites and functions to maintain centriolar satellite integrity by stabilizing PCM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Jun Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Zhiping Wu
- Departments of Structural Biology and Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Proteomics Facility, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Chad G Pearson
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Junmin Peng
- Departments of Structural Biology and Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Proteomics Facility, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Kunhua Song
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Chang-Wei Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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13
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Mojarad BA, Gupta GD, Hasegan M, Goudiam O, Basto R, Gingras AC, Pelletier L. CEP19 cooperates with FOP and CEP350 to drive early steps in the ciliogenesis programme. Open Biol 2018; 7:rsob.170114. [PMID: 28659385 PMCID: PMC5493781 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.170114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia are microtubule-based sensory organelles necessary for efficient transduction of extracellular cues. To initiate cilia formation, ciliary vesicles (CVs) are transported to the vicinity of the centrosome where they dock to the distal end of the mother centriole and fuse to initiate cilium assembly. However, to this date, the early steps in cilia formation remain incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrate functional interplay between CEP19, FOP and CEP350 in ciliogenesis. Using three-dimensional structured-illumination microscopy (3D-SIM) imaging, we mapped the relative spatial distribution of these proteins at the distal end of the mother centriole and show that CEP350/FOP act upstream of CEP19 in their recruitment hierarchy. We demonstrate that CEP19 CRISPR KO cells are severely impaired in their ability to form cilia, analogous to the loss of function of CEP19 binding partners FOP and CEP350. Notably, in the absence of CEP19 microtubule anchoring at centromes is similar in manner to its interaction partners FOP and CEP350. Using GFP-tagged deletion constructs of CEP19, we show that the C-terminus of CEP19 is required for both its localization to centrioles and for its function in ciliogenesis. Critically, this region also mediates the interaction between CEP19 and FOP/CEP350. Interestingly, a morbid-obesity-associated R82* truncated mutant of CEP19 cannot ciliate nor interact with FOP and CEP350, indicative of a putative role for CEP19 in ciliopathies. Finally, analysis of CEP19 KO cells using thin-section electron microscopy revealed marked defects in the docking of CVs to the distal end of the mother centrioles. Together, these data demonstrate a role for the CEP19, FOP and CEP350 module in ciliogenesis and the possible effect of disrupting their functions in ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh A Mojarad
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X5.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8
| | - Gagan D Gupta
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X5
| | - Monica Hasegan
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X5
| | - Oumou Goudiam
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR144, 12 rue Lhomond, Paris 75005, France
| | - Renata Basto
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR144, 12 rue Lhomond, Paris 75005, France
| | - Anne-Claude Gingras
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X5.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8
| | - Laurence Pelletier
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X5 .,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8
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14
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Kurtulmus B, Yuan C, Schuy J, Neuner A, Hata S, Kalamakis G, Martin-Villalba A, Pereira G. LRRC45 contributes to early steps of axoneme extension. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.223594. [PMID: 30131441 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.223594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cilia perform essential signalling functions during development and tissue homeostasis. A key event in ciliogenesis occurs when the distal appendages of the mother centriole form a platform that docks ciliary vesicles and removes CP110-Cep97 inhibitory complexes. Here, we analysed the role of LRRC45 in appendage formation and ciliogenesis. We show that the core appendage proteins Cep83 and SCLT1 recruit LRRC45 to the mother centriole. Once there, LRRC45 recruits the keratin-binding protein FBF1. The association of LRRC45 with the basal body of primary and motile cilia in both differentiated and stem cells reveals a broad function in ciliogenesis. In contrast to the appendage components Cep164 and Cep123, LRRC45 was not essential for either docking of early ciliary vesicles or for removal of CP110. Rather, LRRC45 promotes cilia biogenesis in CP110-uncapped centrioles by organising centriolar satellites, establishing the transition zone and promoting the docking of Rab8 GTPase-positive vesicles. We propose that, instead of acting solely as a platform to recruit early vesicles, centriole appendages form discrete scaffolds of cooperating proteins that execute specific functions that promote the initial steps of ciliogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahtiyar Kurtulmus
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Molecular Biology of Centrosomes and Cilia Group, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cheng Yuan
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Molecular Biology of Centrosomes and Cilia Group, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jakob Schuy
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annett Neuner
- Centre for Cell and Molecular Biology (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shoji Hata
- Centre for Cell and Molecular Biology (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Georgios Kalamakis
- German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Division of Molecular Neurobiology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ana Martin-Villalba
- German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Division of Molecular Neurobiology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gislene Pereira
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany .,German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Molecular Biology of Centrosomes and Cilia Group, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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15
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Abstract
The primary cilium is an antenna-like organelle assembled on most types of quiescent and differentiated mammalian cells. This immotile structure is essential for interpreting extracellular signals that regulate growth, development and homeostasis. As such, ciliary defects produce a spectrum of human diseases, termed ciliopathies, and deregulation of this important organelle also plays key roles during tumor formation and progression. Recent studies have begun to clarify the key mechanisms that regulate ciliary assembly and disassembly in both normal and tumor cells, highlighting new possibilities for therapeutic intervention. Here, we review these exciting new findings, discussing the molecular factors involved in cilium formation and removal, the intrinsic and extrinsic control of cilium assembly and disassembly, and the relevance of these processes to mammalian cell growth and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Pathology, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Brian D Dynlacht
- Department of Pathology, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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16
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Abstract
Cilia are microtubule-based organelles extending from a basal body at the surface of eukaryotic cells. Cilia regulate cell and fluid motility, sensation and developmental signaling, and ciliary defects cause human diseases (ciliopathies) affecting the formation and function of many tissues and organs. Over the past decade, various Rab and Rab-like membrane trafficking proteins have been shown to regulate cilia-related processes such as basal body maturation, ciliary axoneme extension, intraflagellar transport and ciliary signaling. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of Rab protein ciliary associations, drawing on findings from multiple model systems, including mammalian cell culture, mice, zebrafish, C. elegans, trypanosomes, and green algae. We also discuss several emerging mechanistic themes related to ciliary Rab cascades and functional redundancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver E Blacque
- a School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science , University College Dublin , Belfield, Dublin , Ireland
| | - Noemie Scheidel
- a School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science , University College Dublin , Belfield, Dublin , Ireland
| | - Stefanie Kuhns
- a School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science , University College Dublin , Belfield, Dublin , Ireland
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17
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Loncarek J, Bettencourt-Dias M. Building the right centriole for each cell type. J Cell Biol 2017; 217:823-835. [PMID: 29284667 PMCID: PMC5839779 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201704093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Loncarek and Bettencourt-Dias review molecular mechanisms of centriole biogenesis amongst different organisms and cell types. The centriole is a multifunctional structure that organizes centrosomes and cilia and is important for cell signaling, cell cycle progression, polarity, and motility. Defects in centriole number and structure are associated with human diseases including cancer and ciliopathies. Discovery of the centriole dates back to the 19th century. However, recent advances in genetic and biochemical tools, development of high-resolution microscopy, and identification of centriole components have accelerated our understanding of its assembly, function, evolution, and its role in human disease. The centriole is an evolutionarily conserved structure built from highly conserved proteins and is present in all branches of the eukaryotic tree of life. However, centriole number, size, and organization varies among different organisms and even cell types within a single organism, reflecting its cell type–specialized functions. In this review, we provide an overview of our current understanding of centriole biogenesis and how variations around the same theme generate alternatives for centriole formation and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jadranka Loncarek
- Cell Cycle Regulation Lab, Gulbenkian Institute of Science, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Mónica Bettencourt-Dias
- Laboratory of Protein Dynamics and Signaling, National Institutes of Health/Center for Cancer Research/National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Frederick, MD
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18
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Abstract
Cilia are microtubule-based organelles extending from a basal body at the surface of eukaryotic cells. Cilia regulate cell and fluid motility, sensation and developmental signaling, and ciliary defects cause human diseases (ciliopathies) affecting the formation and function of many tissues and organs. Over the past decade, various Rab and Rab-like membrane trafficking proteins have been shown to regulate cilia-related processes such as basal body maturation, ciliary axoneme extension, intraflagellar transport and ciliary signaling. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of Rab protein ciliary associations, drawing on findings from multiple model systems, including mammalian cell culture, mice, zebrafish, C. elegans, trypanosomes, and green algae. We also discuss several emerging mechanistic themes related to ciliary Rab cascades and functional redundancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver E Blacque
- a School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science , University College Dublin , Belfield, Dublin , Ireland
| | - Noemie Scheidel
- a School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science , University College Dublin , Belfield, Dublin , Ireland
| | - Stefanie Kuhns
- a School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science , University College Dublin , Belfield, Dublin , Ireland
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19
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Primary Cilium Formation and Ciliary Protein Trafficking Is Regulated by the Atypical MAP Kinase MAPK15 in Caenorhabditis elegans and Human Cells. Genetics 2017; 207:1423-1440. [PMID: 29021280 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.117.300383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Motile and immotile (or primary) cilia are microtubule-based structures that mediate multiple cellular functions, including the transduction of environmental cues, developmental signaling, cellular motility, and modulation of fluid flow. Although their core architectures are similar, motile and primary cilia exhibit marked structural differences that underlie distinct functional properties. However, the extent to which ciliogenesis mechanisms are shared between these different cilia types is not fully described. Here, we report that the atypical MAP kinase MAPK15 (ERK7/8), implicated in the formation of vertebrate motile cilia, also regulates the formation of primary cilia in Caenorhabditis elegans sensory neurons and human cells. We find that MAPK15 localizes to a basal body subdomain with the ciliopathy protein BBS7 and to cell-cell junctions. MAPK15 also regulates the localization of ciliary proteins involved in cilium structure, transport, and signaling. Our results describe a primary cilia-related role for this poorly studied member of the MAPK family in vivo, and indicate a broad requirement for MAPK15 in the formation of multiple ciliary classes across species.
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20
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Inoue D, Stemmer M, Thumberger T, Ruppert T, Bärenz F, Wittbrodt J, Gruss OJ. Expression of the novel maternal centrosome assembly factor Wdr8 is required for vertebrate embryonic mitoses. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14090. [PMID: 28098238 PMCID: PMC5253655 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The assembly of the first centrosome occurs upon fertilisation when male centrioles recruit pericentriolar material (PCM) from the egg cytoplasm. The mechanisms underlying the proper assembly of centrosomes during early embryogenesis remain obscure. We identify Wdr8 as a novel maternally essential protein that is required for centrosome assembly during embryonic mitoses of medaka (Oryzias latipes). By CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout, maternal/zygotic Wdr8-null (m/zWdr8-/-) blastomeres exhibit severe defects in centrosome structure that lead to asymmetric division, multipolar mitotic spindles and chromosome alignment errors. Via its WD40 domains, Wdr8 interacts with the centriolar satellite protein SSX2IP. Combining targeted gene knockout and in vivo reconstitution of the maternally essential Wdr8-SSX2IP complex reveals an essential link between maternal centrosome proteins and the stability of the zygotic genome for accurate vertebrate embryogenesis. Our approach provides a way of distinguishing maternal from paternal effects in early embryos and should contribute to understanding molecular defects in human infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daigo Inoue
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Manuel Stemmer
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Thomas Thumberger
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Thomas Ruppert
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany
| | - Felix Bärenz
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany
| | - Joachim Wittbrodt
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Oliver J Gruss
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany.,Institute of Genetics, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, Bonn 53115, Germany
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21
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Hoang-Minh LB, Deleyrolle LP, Nakamura NS, Parker AK, Martuscello RT, Reynolds BA, Sarkisian MR. PCM1 Depletion Inhibits Glioblastoma Cell Ciliogenesis and Increases Cell Death and Sensitivity to Temozolomide. Transl Oncol 2016; 9:392-402. [PMID: 27661404 PMCID: PMC5035360 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A better understanding of the molecules implicated in the growth and survival of glioblastoma (GBM) cells and their response to temozolomide (TMZ), the standard-of-care chemotherapeutic agent, is necessary for the development of new therapies that would improve the outcome of current GBM treatments. In this study, we characterize the role of pericentriolar material 1 (PCM1), a component of centriolar satellites surrounding centrosomes, in GBM cell proliferation and sensitivity to genotoxic agents such as TMZ. We show that PCM1 is expressed around centrioles and ciliary basal bodies in patient GBM biopsies and derived cell lines and that its localization is dynamic throughout the cell cycle. To test whether PCM1 mediates GBM cell proliferation and/or response to TMZ, we used CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing to generate primary GBM cell lines depleted of PCM1. These PCM1-depleted cells displayed reduced AZI1 satellite protein localization and significantly decreased proliferation, which was attributable to increased apoptotic cell death. Furthermore, PCM1-depleted lines were more sensitive to TMZ toxicity than control lines. The increase in TMZ sensitivity may be partly due to the reduced ability of PCM1-depleted cells to form primary cilia, as depletion of KIF3A also ablated GBM cells' ciliogenesis and increased their sensitivity to TMZ while preserving PCM1 localization. In addition, the co-depletion of KIF3A and PCM1 did not have any additive effect on TMZ sensitivity. Together, our data suggest that PCM1 plays multiple roles in GBM pathogenesis and that associated pathways could be targeted to augment current or future anti-GBM therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan B Hoang-Minh
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, McKnight Brain Institute, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, University of Florida College of Medicine, McKnight Brain Institute, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Loic P Deleyrolle
- Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, University of Florida College of Medicine, McKnight Brain Institute, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, McKnight Brain Institute, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Nariaki S Nakamura
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, McKnight Brain Institute, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Alexander K Parker
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, McKnight Brain Institute, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Regina T Martuscello
- Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, University of Florida College of Medicine, McKnight Brain Institute, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, McKnight Brain Institute, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Brent A Reynolds
- Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, University of Florida College of Medicine, McKnight Brain Institute, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, McKnight Brain Institute, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Matthew R Sarkisian
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, McKnight Brain Institute, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, University of Florida College of Medicine, McKnight Brain Institute, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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22
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Agircan FG, Hata S, Nussbaum-Krammer C, Atorino E, Schiebel E. Proximity mapping of human separase by the BioID approach. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 478:656-62. [PMID: 27495871 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Separase is a caspase-like cysteine protease that is best known for its essential role during the metaphase-to-anaphase transition when it cleaves the cohesin ring complex that keeps the sister chromatids together. Another important function of separase is to regulate the process of centriole separation, known as centriole disengagement, at the end of mitosis. We used proximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID) to expand our knowledge on the identity of separase's proximity interactors. We show that separase BioID labeled two domains at the mother centriole: an area underneath the centriolar appendages and another at the proximal end of the mother centriole. BioID analysis identified more than 200 proximity interactors of separase, one being the Alström Syndrome Protein 1 (ALMS1) at the base of centrioles. Other proximity interactors are the histone chaperons NAP1L1 and NAP1L4, which localize to the spindle poles during mitosis and the spindle assembly checkpoint proteins BUBR1, SKA1 and SKA3 that reside at kinetochores in early mitosis. Finally, we show that depletion of BUBR1 homolog from Caenorhabditis elegans delayed the recruitment of separase to mitotic chromosomes, and eventually anaphase onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fikret Gurkan Agircan
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shoji Hata
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carmen Nussbaum-Krammer
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Enrico Atorino
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elmar Schiebel
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Hori A, Toda T. Regulation of centriolar satellite integrity and its physiology. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 74:213-229. [PMID: 27484406 PMCID: PMC5219025 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2315-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Centriolar satellites comprise cytoplasmic granules that are located around the centrosome. Their molecular identification was first reported more than a quarter of a century ago. These particles are not static in the cell but instead constantly move around the centrosome. Over the last decade, significant advances in their molecular compositions and biological functions have been achieved due to comprehensive proteomics and genomics, super-resolution microscopy analyses and elegant genetic manipulations. Centriolar satellites play pivotal roles in centrosome assembly and primary cilium formation through the delivery of centriolar/centrosomal components from the cytoplasm to the centrosome. Their importance is further underscored by the fact that mutations in genes encoding satellite components and regulators lead to various human disorders such as ciliopathies. Moreover, the most recent findings highlight dynamic structural remodelling in response to internal and external cues and unexpected positive feedback control that is exerted from the centrosome for centriolar satellite integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Hori
- Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3LY, UK.,Developmental Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Takashi Toda
- Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3LY, UK. .,Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Hiroshima Research Center for Healthy Aging (HiHA), Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8530, Japan.
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