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Fiz-López A, De Prado Á, Arribas-Rodríguez E, García-Alonso FJ, Izquierdo S, Martín-Muñoz Á, Garrote JA, Arranz E, Barrio J, Fernández-Salazar L, Bernardo D. Biological variability of human intraepithelial lymphocytes throughout the human gastrointestinal tract in health and coeliac disease. Eur J Clin Invest 2024:e14304. [PMID: 39210517 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intraepithelial lymphocytes are the first line of defence of the human intestinal immune system. Besides, their composition is altered on patients with coeliac disease (CD), so they are considered as biomarkers with utility on their diagnose and/or monitoring. Our aim is to address their variability through the human gastrointestinal tract in health and characterized them in further depth in the coeliac duodenum. METHODS Intraepithelial lymphocytes were isolated from human gastric, duodenal, ileal and colonic biopsies, then stained with specific antibodies and acquired by flow cytometry. RESULTS Our results confirmed that the profile of Intraepithelial lymphocytes change through the length of the human gastrointestinal tract. Besides and given the central role that Interleukin-15 (IL-15) elicits on CD pathogenesis; we also assessed the expression of its receptor revealing that there was virtually no functional IL-15 receptor on duodenal Intraepithelial lymphocytes. Nevertheless and contrary to our expectations, the active IL-15 receptor was not increased either on Intraepithelial lymphocytes from CD patients. CONCLUSIONS IL-15 might require additional stimulus to activate intraepithelial lymphocytes. These findings may provide novel tools to aid on a CD diagnosis and/or monitoring, at the time that provide the bases to perform functional studies in order of getting a deeper insight in the specific function that Intraepithelial lymphocytes elicit on CD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Fiz-López
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ángel De Prado
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Elisa Arribas-Rodríguez
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | | | - Sandra Izquierdo
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Álvaro Martín-Muñoz
- Cytometry Facility, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM, Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - José A Garrote
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Arranz
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jesús Barrio
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Luis Fernández-Salazar
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Dermatología y Toxicología, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - David Bernardo
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
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2
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Suzuki T, Scala F, Demetrius DL, Gherardini J, Rodriguez-Feliz J, Kuka-Epstein G, Chéret J, Paus R. IL-15 Prolongs Anagen, Stimulates Proliferation, and Suppresses Apoptosis in the Hair Matrix of Human Scalp Hair Follicles. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:165-170.e5. [PMID: 37543243 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.06.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Suzuki
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Fernanda Scala
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Dana-Lee Demetrius
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Jennifer Gherardini
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | | | | | - Jérémy Chéret
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA; CUTANEON - Skin & Hair Innovations GmbH, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Ralf Paus
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA; Monasterium Laboratory, Münster, Germany; CUTANEON - Skin & Hair Innovations GmbH, Hamburg, Germany; Centre for Dermatology Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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3
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Mortier E, Maillasson M, Quéméner A. Counteracting Interleukin-15 to Elucidate Its Modes of Action in Physiology and Pathology. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2023; 43:2-22. [PMID: 36651845 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2022.0198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-15 belongs to the common gamma-dependent cytokine family, along with IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, and IL-21. IL-15 is crucial for the homeostasis of Natural Killer (NK) and memory CD8 T cells, and to fight against cancer progression. However, dysregulations of IL-15 expression could occur and participate in the emergence of autoimmune inflammatory diseases as well as hematological malignancies. It is therefore important to understand the different modes of action of IL-15 to decrease its harmful action in pathology without affecting its beneficial effects in the immune system. In this review, we present the different approaches used by researchers to inhibit the action of IL-15, from most broad to the most selective. Indeed, it appears that it is important to selectively target the mode of action of the cytokine rather than the cytokine itself as they are involved in numerous biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwan Mortier
- Nantes Université, CNRS, Inserm, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France.,LabEX IGO, Immuno-Onco-Greffe, Nantes, France
| | - Mike Maillasson
- Nantes Université, CNRS, Inserm, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France.,LabEX IGO, Immuno-Onco-Greffe, Nantes, France
| | - Agnès Quéméner
- Nantes Université, CNRS, Inserm, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France.,LabEX IGO, Immuno-Onco-Greffe, Nantes, France
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4
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Meghnem D, Maillasson M, Barbieux I, Morisseau S, Keita D, Jacques Y, Quéméner A, Mortier E. Selective Targeting of IL-15Rα Is Sufficient to Reduce Inflammation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:886213. [PMID: 35592318 PMCID: PMC9110858 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.886213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are crucial molecules for maintaining the proper functioning of the immune system. Nevertheless, a dysregulation of cytokine expression could be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Interleukin (IL)-15 is a key factor for natural killer cells (NK) and CD8 T cells homeostasis, necessary to fight cancer and infections but could also be considered as a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in autoimmune inflammatory disease, including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, along with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), IL-6, and IL-1β. The molecular mechanisms by which IL-15 exerts its inflammatory function in these diseases are still unclear. In this study, we generated an IL-15-derived molecule called NANTIL-15 (New ANTagonist of IL-15), designed to selectively inhibit the action of IL-15 through the high-affinity trimeric IL-15Rα/IL-2Rβ/γc receptor while leaving IL-15 signaling through the dimeric IL-2Rβ/γc receptor unaffected. Administrating of NANTIL-15 in healthy mice did not affect the IL-15-dependent cell populations such as NK and CD8 T cells. In contrast, we found that NANTIL-15 efficiently reduced signs of inflammation in a collagen-induced arthritis model. These observations demonstrate that the inflammatory properties of IL-15 are linked to its action through the trimeric IL-15Rα/IL-2Rβ/γc receptor, highlighting the interest of selectively targeting this receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dihia Meghnem
- Nantes University, CNRS, Inserm, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France.,LabEX IGO, Immuno-Onco-Greffe, Nantes, France
| | - Mike Maillasson
- Nantes University, CNRS, Inserm, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France.,LabEX IGO, Immuno-Onco-Greffe, Nantes, France.,Nantes University, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Bonamy, UMS BioCore, IMPACT Platform, Nantes, France
| | - Isabelle Barbieux
- Nantes University, CNRS, Inserm, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France.,LabEX IGO, Immuno-Onco-Greffe, Nantes, France
| | - Sébastien Morisseau
- Nantes University, CNRS, Inserm, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France.,LabEX IGO, Immuno-Onco-Greffe, Nantes, France.,Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU), Nantes Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Dalloba Keita
- Nantes University, CNRS, Inserm, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France.,LabEX IGO, Immuno-Onco-Greffe, Nantes, France
| | - Yannick Jacques
- Nantes University, CNRS, Inserm, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France.,LabEX IGO, Immuno-Onco-Greffe, Nantes, France
| | - Agnès Quéméner
- Nantes University, CNRS, Inserm, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France.,LabEX IGO, Immuno-Onco-Greffe, Nantes, France
| | - Erwan Mortier
- Nantes University, CNRS, Inserm, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France.,LabEX IGO, Immuno-Onco-Greffe, Nantes, France.,Nantes University, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Bonamy, UMS BioCore, IMPACT Platform, Nantes, France
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5
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Holder PG, Lim SA, Huang CS, Sharma P, Dagdas YS, Bulutoglu B, Sockolosky JT. Engineering interferons and interleukins for cancer immunotherapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 182:114112. [PMID: 35085624 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines are a class of potent immunoregulatory proteins that are secreted in response to various stimuli and act locally to regulate many aspects of human physiology and disease. Cytokines play important roles in cancer initiation, progression, and elimination, and thus, there is a long clinical history associated with the use of recombinant cytokines to treat cancer. However, the use of cytokines as therapeutics has been limited by cytokine pleiotropy, complex biology, poor drug-like properties, and severe dose-limiting toxicities. Nevertheless, cytokines are crucial mediators of innate and adaptive antitumor immunity and have the potential to enhance immunotherapeutic approaches to treat cancer. Development of immune checkpoint inhibitors and combination immunotherapies has reinvigorated interest in cytokines as therapeutics, and a variety of engineering approaches are emerging to improve the safety and effectiveness of cytokine immunotherapy. In this review we highlight recent advances in cytokine biology and engineering for cancer immunotherapy.
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Miyazaki T, Maiti M, Hennessy M, Chang T, Kuo P, Addepalli M, Obalapur P, Sheibani S, Wilczek J, Pena R, Quach P, Cetz J, Moffett A, Tang Y, Kirk P, Huang J, Sheng D, Zhang P, Rubas W, Madakamutil L, Kivimäe S, Zalevsky J. NKTR-255, a novel polymer-conjugated rhIL-15 with potent antitumor efficacy. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:e002024. [PMID: 34001523 PMCID: PMC8130760 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-002024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND NKTR-255 is a novel polyethylene glycol-conjugate of recombinant human interleukin-15 (rhIL-15), which was designed to retain all known receptor binding interactions of the IL-15 molecule. We explored the biologic and pharmacologic differences between endogenous IL-15 receptor α (IL-15Rα)-dependent (NKTR-255 and rhIL-15) and IL-15Rα-independent (precomplexed rhIL-15/IL-15Rα) cytokines. METHODS In vitro pharmacological properties of rhIL-15, NKTR-255 and precomplex cytokines (rhIL-15/IL-15Rα and rhIL-15 N72D/IL-15Rα Fc) were investigated in receptor binding, signaling and cell function. In vivo pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic profile of the cytokines were evaluated in normal mice. Finally, immunomodulatory effect and antitumor activity were assessed in a Daudi lymphoma model. RESULTS NKTR-255 and rhIL-15 exhibited similar in vitro properties in receptor affinity, signaling and leukocyte degranulation, which collectively differed from precomplexed cytokines. Notably, NKTR-255 and rhIL-15 stimulated greater granzyme B secretion in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells versus precomplexed cytokines. In vivo, NKTR-255 exhibited a PK profile with reduced clearance and a longer half-life relative to rhIL-15 and demonstrated prolonged IL-15R engagement in lymphocytes compared with only transient engagement observed for rhIL-15 and precomplexed rhIL-15 N72D/IL-15Rα Fc. As a consequent, NKTR-255 provided a durable and sustained proliferation and activation of natural killer (NK) and CD8+ T cells. Importantly, NKTR-255 is more effective than the precomplexed cytokine at inducing functionally competent, cytotoxic NK cells in the tumor microenvironment and the properties of NKTR-255 translated into superior antitumor activity in a B-cell lymphoma model versus the precomplexed cytokine. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that the novel immunotherapeutic, NKTR-255, retains the full spectrum of IL-15 biology, but with improved PK properties, over rhIL-15. These findings support the ongoing phase 1 first-in-human trial (NCT04136756) of NKTR-255 in participants with relapsed or refractory hematologic malignancies, potentially advancing rhIL-15-based immunotherapies for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Miyazaki
- Research Biology: Pharmacology, Nektar Therapeutics, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mekhala Maiti
- Research Biology: Pharmacology, Nektar Therapeutics, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Marlene Hennessy
- Research Biology: Pharmacology, Nektar Therapeutics, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Thomas Chang
- Protein Chemistry, Nektar Therapeutics, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Peiwen Kuo
- Research Biology: Pharmacology, Nektar Therapeutics, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | | | - Sara Sheibani
- Research Biology: Pharmacology, Nektar Therapeutics, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Joanna Wilczek
- Research Biology: Pharmacology, Nektar Therapeutics, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Rhoneil Pena
- Research Biology: Pharmacology, Nektar Therapeutics, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Phi Quach
- Research Biology: Pharmacology, Nektar Therapeutics, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Janet Cetz
- Research Biology: Pharmacology, Nektar Therapeutics, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Andrew Moffett
- Research Biology: Pharmacology, Nektar Therapeutics, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yinyan Tang
- Protein Chemistry, Nektar Therapeutics, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Peter Kirk
- Protein Chemistry, Nektar Therapeutics, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jicai Huang
- Protein Chemistry, Nektar Therapeutics, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Dawei Sheng
- Protein Chemistry, Nektar Therapeutics, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ping Zhang
- Protein Chemistry, Nektar Therapeutics, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Werner Rubas
- Research Biology: Pharmacology, Nektar Therapeutics, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Loui Madakamutil
- Research Biology: Pharmacology, Nektar Therapeutics, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Saul Kivimäe
- Research Biology: Pharmacology, Nektar Therapeutics, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jonathan Zalevsky
- Research and Development, Nektar Therapeutics, San Francisco, California, USA
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7
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Ponce LF, Montalvo G, Leon K, Valiente PA. Differential Effects of IL2Rα and IL15Rα over the Stability of the Common Beta-Gamma Signaling Subunits of the IL2 and IL15 Receptors. J Chem Inf Model 2021; 61:1913-1920. [PMID: 33765385 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.0c01417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL) 2 and IL15 are two members of the common gamma chain cytokine family, involved in the regulation of the T cell differentiation process. Both molecules use a specific alpha subunit, IL2Rα and IL15Rα, and share the same beta and gamma chains signaling receptors. The presence of the specific alpha subunit modulates the T cell ability to compete for both soluble cytokines while the beta and gamma subunits are responsible for the signal transduction. Recent experimental results point out that the specific alpha subunits modulate the capacity of IL2 and IL15 to induce the differentiation of stimulated T cells. In other membrane receptors, the outcome of the signal transduction has been associated with the strength of the interaction of the signaling subunits. Here, we investigate how IL2Rα and IL15Rα modulate the stability of their signaling complexes by combining molecular dynamics simulations and free energy calculations. Our simulations predict that IL2Rα binding destabilizes the β-γc interaction mediated by IL2, while IL15Rα has the opposite effect. These results explain the ability of IL2Rα and IL15Rα to modulate the signaling outcome and suggest new strategies for the development of better CD8+ T cell differentiation protocols for adoptive cell transfer (ACT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis F Ponce
- Molecular System Biology Department, Center of Molecular Immunology, Havana, Havana 11600, Cuba.,Center for Molecular Simulations, Biological Science Department, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Galia Montalvo
- Molecular System Biology Department, Center of Molecular Immunology, Havana, Havana 11600, Cuba
| | - Kalet Leon
- Molecular System Biology Department, Center of Molecular Immunology, Havana, Havana 11600, Cuba
| | - Pedro A Valiente
- Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana, Havana, Havana 10400, Cuba
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