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Effects and mechanotransduction pathways of therapeutic ultrasound on healthy and osteoarthritic chondrocytes: a systematic review of in vitro studies. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2023; 31:317-339. [PMID: 36481451 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2022.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects and mechanotransduction pathways of therapeutic ultrasound on chondrocytes. METHOD PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases were searched up to 19th September 2021 to identify in vitro studies exploring ultrasound to stimulate chondrocytes for osteoarthritis (OA) treatment. Study characteristics, ultrasound parameters, in vitro setup, and mechanotransduction pathways were collected. Risk of bias was judged using the Risk of Bias Assessment for Non-randomized Studies (RoBANS) tool. RESULTS Thirty-one studies were included comprising healthy and OA chondrocytes and explants. Most studies had high risk of performance, detection and pseudoreplication bias due to lack of temperature control, setup calibration, inadequate semi-quantitatively analyzes and independent experiments. Ultrasound was applied to the culture plate via acoustic gel, water bath or culture media. Regardless of the setup used, ultrasound stimulated the cartilage production and suppressed its degradation, although the effect size was nonsignificant. Ultrasound inhibited p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) and factor nuclear kappa B (NFκB) pathways in OA chondrocytes to reduce apoptosis, inflammation and matrix degradation, while triggered phosphoinositide-3-kinase/akt (PI3K/Akt), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38 and JNK pathways in healthy chondrocytes to promote matrix synthesis. CONCLUSION The included studies suggest that ultrasound application induces therapeutic effects on chondrocytes. However, these results should be interpreted with caution because high risk of performance, detection and pseudoreplication bias were identified. Future studies should explore the application of ultrasound on human OA chondrocytes cultures to potentiate the applicability of ultrasound towards cartilage regeneration of knee with OA.
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Babaei M, Jamshidi N, Amiri F, Rafienia M. Effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation on cell seeded 3D hybrid scaffold as a novel strategy for meniscus regeneration: An in vitro study. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2022; 16:812-824. [PMID: 35689535 DOI: 10.1002/term.3331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Menisci are fibrocartilaginous structures in the knee joint with an inadequate regenerative capacity, which causes low healing potential and further leads to osteoarthritis. Recently, three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques and ultrasound treatment have gained plenty of attention for meniscus tissue engineering. The present study investigates the effectiveness of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulations (LIPUS) on the proliferation, viability, morphology, and gene expression of the chondrocytes seeded on 3D printed polyurethane scaffolds dip-coated with gellan gum, hyaluronic acid, and glucosamine. LIPUS stimulation was performed at 100, 200, and 300 mW/cm2 intensities for 20 min/day. A faster gap closure (78.08 ± 2.56%) in the migration scratch assay was observed in the 200 mW/cm2 group after 24 h. Also, inverted microscopic and scanning electron microscopic images showed no cell morphology changes during LIPUS exposure at different intensities. The 3D cultured chondrocytes under LIPUS treatment revealed a promotion in cell proliferation rate and viability as the intensity doses increased. Additionally, LIPUS could stimulate chondrocytes to overexpress the aggrecan and collagen II genes and improve their chondrogenic phenotype. This study recommends that the combination of LIPUS treatment and 3D hybrid scaffolds can be considered as a valuable treatment for meniscus regeneration based on our in vitro data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melika Babaei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nima Jamshidi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farshad Amiri
- Department of Biomaterials, Tissue Engineering and Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Technologies, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rafienia
- Biosensor Research Center (BRC), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Isfahan, Iran
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Wang F, Wang Q, Wang L, Ren J, Song X, Tian Y, Zheng C, Yang J, Ming D. Low-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Stimulation Ameliorates Working Memory Dysfunctions in Vascular Dementia Rats via Improving Neuronal Environment. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:814560. [PMID: 35264943 PMCID: PMC8899543 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.814560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Working memory impairment is one of the remarkable cognitive dysfunctions induced by vascular dementia (VD), and it is necessary to explore an effective treatment. Recently, low-intensity focused ultrasound stimulation (LIFUS) has been found notable neuroprotective effects on some neurological diseases, including VD. However, whether it could ameliorate VD-induced working memory impairment was still not been clarified. The purpose of this study was to address this issue and the underlying mechanism. We established VD rat model using the bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) and applied the LIFUS (center frequency = 0.5 MHz; Ispta = 500 mW/cm2, 10 mins/day) to bilateral medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) for 2 weeks since 2 weeks after the surgery. The main results showed that the LIFUS could significantly improve the performance of VD rats in the specific working memory tasks (delayed nonmatch-to-sample task and step-down task), which might be associated with the improved synaptic function. We also found the improvement in the cerebral blood flow (CBF) and reduced neuroinflammation in mPFC after LIFUS treatment indicated by the inhibition of Toll-like receptor (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway and the decrease of proinflammatory cytokines. The amelioration of CBF and neuroinflammation may promote the living environment of the neurons in VD which then contribute to the survival of neurons and the improvement in synaptic function. Taken together, our findings indicate that LIFUS targeted mPFC can effectively ameliorate reward-based spatial working memory and fear working memory dysfunctions induced by VD via restoring the living environment, survivability, and synaptic functions of the neurons in mPFC of VD rats. This study adds to the evidence that LIFUS could become a promising and non-invasive treatment strategy for the clinical treatment of central nervous system diseases related to cognitive impairments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faqi Wang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ling Wang
- College of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neuroengineering, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Ren
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xizi Song
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neuroengineering, Tianjin, China
| | - Yutao Tian
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neuroengineering, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenguang Zheng
- College of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neuroengineering, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiajia Yang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- College of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neuroengineering, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Jiajia Yang,
| | - Dong Ming
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- College of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neuroengineering, Tianjin, China
- Dong Ming,
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Acheta J, Stephens SBZ, Belin S, Poitelon Y. Therapeutic Low-Intensity Ultrasound for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration – A Schwann Cell Perspective. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 15:812588. [PMID: 35069118 PMCID: PMC8766802 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.812588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries are common conditions that can arise from trauma (e.g., compression, severance) and can lead to neuropathic pain as well as motor and sensory deficits. Although much knowledge exists on the mechanisms of injury and nerve regeneration, treatments that ensure functional recovery following peripheral nerve injury are limited. Schwann cells, the supporting glial cells in peripheral nerves, orchestrate the response to nerve injury, by converting to a “repair” phenotype. However, nerve regeneration is often suboptimal in humans as the repair Schwann cells do not sustain their repair phenotype long enough to support the prolonged regeneration times required for successful nerve regrowth. Thus, numerous strategies are currently focused on promoting and extending the Schwann cells repair phenotype. Low-intensity ultrasound (LIU) is a non-destructive therapeutic approach which has been shown to facilitate peripheral nerve regeneration following nerve injury in rodents. Still, clinical trials in humans are scarce and limited to small population sizes. The benefit of LIU on nerve regeneration could possibly be mediated through the repair Schwann cells. In this review, we discuss the known and possible molecular mechanisms activated in response to LIU in repair Schwann cells to draw support and attention to LIU as a compelling regenerative treatment for peripheral nerve injury.
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Dieterle MP, Husari A, Rolauffs B, Steinberg T, Tomakidi P. Integrins, cadherins and channels in cartilage mechanotransduction: perspectives for future regeneration strategies. Expert Rev Mol Med 2021; 23:e14. [PMID: 34702419 PMCID: PMC8724267 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2021.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Articular cartilage consists of hyaline cartilage, is a major constituent of the human musculoskeletal system and has critical functions in frictionless joint movement and articular homoeostasis. Osteoarthritis (OA) is an inflammatory disease of articular cartilage, which promotes joint degeneration. Although it affects millions of people, there are no satisfying therapies that address this disease at the molecular level. Therefore, tissue regeneration approaches aim at modifying chondrocyte biology to mitigate the consequences of OA. This requires appropriate biochemical and biophysical stimulation of cells. Regarding the latter, mechanotransduction of chondrocytes and their precursor cells has become increasingly important over the last few decades. Mechanotransduction is the transformation of external biophysical stimuli into intracellular biochemical signals, involving sensor molecules at the cell surface and intracellular signalling molecules, so-called mechano-sensors and -transducers. These signalling events determine cell behaviour. Mechanotransducing ion channels and gap junctions additionally govern chondrocyte physiology. It is of great scientific and medical interest to induce a specific cell behaviour by controlling these mechanotransduction pathways and to translate this knowledge into regenerative clinical therapies. This review therefore focuses on the mechanotransduction properties of integrins, cadherins and ion channels in cartilaginous tissues to provide perspectives for cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Philipp Dieterle
- Division of Oral Biotechnology, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ayman Husari
- Division of Oral Biotechnology, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Orthodontics, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Rolauffs
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, G.E.R.N. Research Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Medical Center – Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79085Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Thorsten Steinberg
- Division of Oral Biotechnology, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pascal Tomakidi
- Division of Oral Biotechnology, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106Freiburg, Germany
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de Lucas B, Pérez LM, Bernal A, Gálvez BG. Ultrasound Therapy: Experiences and Perspectives for Regenerative Medicine. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11091086. [PMID: 32957737 PMCID: PMC7563547 DOI: 10.3390/genes11091086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound has emerged as a novel tool for clinical applications, particularly in the context of regenerative medicine. Due to its unique physico-mechanical properties, low-intensity ultrasound (LIUS) has been approved for accelerated fracture healing and for the treatment of established non-union, but its utility has extended beyond tissue engineering to other fields, including cell regeneration. Cells and tissues respond to acoustic ultrasound by switching on genetic repair circuits, triggering a cascade of molecular signals that promote cell proliferation, adhesion, migration, differentiation, and extracellular matrix production. LIUS also induces angiogenesis and tissue regeneration and has anti-inflammatory and anti-degenerative effects. Accordingly, the potential application of ultrasound for tissue repair/regeneration has been tested in several studies as a stand-alone treatment and, more recently, as an adjunct to cell-based therapies. For example, ultrasound has been proposed to improve stem cell homing to target tissues due to its ability to create a transitional and local gradient of cytokines and chemokines. In this review, we provide an overview of the many applications of ultrasound in clinical medicine, with a focus on its value as an adjunct to cell-based interventions. Finally, we discuss the various preclinical and clinical studies that have investigated the potential of ultrasound for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz de Lucas
- Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (B.d.L.); (L.M.P.)
| | - Laura M. Pérez
- Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (B.d.L.); (L.M.P.)
| | - Aurora Bernal
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Beatriz G. Gálvez
- Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (B.d.L.); (L.M.P.)
- Correspondence:
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Sahu N, Budhiraja G, Subramanian A. Preconditioning of mesenchymal stromal cells with low-intensity ultrasound: influence on chondrogenesis and directed SOX9 signaling pathways. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:6. [PMID: 31900222 PMCID: PMC6942392 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1532-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Continuous low-intensity ultrasound (cLIUS) facilitates the chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in the absence of exogenously added transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) by upregulating the expression of transcription factor SOX9, a master regulator of chondrogenesis. The present study evaluated the molecular events associated with the signaling pathways impacting SOX9 gene and protein expression under cLIUS. Methods Human bone marrow-derived MSCs were exposed to cLIUS stimulation at 14 kPa (5 MHz, 2.5 Vpp) for 5 min. The gene and protein expression of SOX9 was evaluated. The specificity of SOX9 upregulation under cLIUS was determined by treating the MSCs with small molecule inhibitors of select signaling molecules, followed by cLIUS treatment. Signaling events regulating SOX9 expression under cLIUS were analyzed by gene expression, immunofluorescence staining, and western blotting. Results cLIUS upregulated the gene expression of SOX9 and enhanced the nuclear localization of SOX9 protein when compared to non-cLIUS-stimulated control. cLIUS was noted to enhance the phosphorylation of the signaling molecule ERK1/2. Inhibition of MEK/ERK1/2 by PD98059 resulted in the effective abrogation of cLIUS-induced SOX9 expression, indicating that cLIUS-induced SOX9 upregulation was dependent on the phosphorylation of ERK1/2. Inhibition of integrin and TRPV4, the upstream cell-surface effectors of ERK1/2, did not inhibit the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and therefore did not abrogate cLIUS-induced SOX9 expression, thereby suggesting the involvement of other mechanoreceptors. Consequently, the effect of cLIUS on the actin cytoskeleton, a mechanosensitive receptor regulating SOX9, was evaluated. Diffused and disrupted actin fibers observed in MSCs under cLIUS closely resembled actin disruption by treatment with cytoskeletal drug Y27632, which is known to increase the gene expression of SOX9. The upregulation of SOX9 under cLIUS was, therefore, related to cLIUS-induced actin reorganization. SOX9 upregulation induced by actin reorganization was also found to be dependent on the phosphorylation of ERK1/2. Conclusions Collectively, preconditioning of MSCs by cLIUS resulted in the nuclear localization of SOX9, phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and disruption of actin filaments, and the expression of SOX9 was dependent on the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 under cLIUS. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-019-1532-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neety Sahu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0643, USA.,Present Address: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, 94304, USA
| | - Gaurav Budhiraja
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0643, USA
| | - Anuradha Subramanian
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, 35899, USA.
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Xia B, Chen G, Zou Y, Yang L, Pan J, Lv Y. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound combination with induced pluripotent stem cells-derived neural crest stem cells and growth differentiation factor 5 promotes sciatic nerve regeneration and functional recovery. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:625-636. [PMID: 30770650 DOI: 10.1002/term.2823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of lengthy peripheral nerve defect is challenging in the field of nerve regeneration. Our previous studies have shown that low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) could promote the proliferation, cell viability, and neural differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells-derived neural crest stem cells (iPSCs-NCSCs) and improve the regeneration of damaged peripheral nerve. In this study, the mechanical signal transduction pathway of LIPUS promoting iPSCs-NCSCs proliferation and differentiation was further explored, and the effects of LIPUS combined with iPSCs-NCSCs, perfluorotributylamine (PFTBA), and growth differentiation factor 5 (GDF5) on the repair of peripheral nerve injury were evaluated. Results showed LIPUS may regulate the proliferation and differentiation of iPSCs-NCSCs through FAK-ERK1/2 signal pathway. PFTBA could supply sufficient oxygen to promote the viability of iPSCs-NCSCs under 5% hypoxia culture condition and provide a favourable microenvironment for nerve regeneration. The addition of GDF5 could promote the neural differentiation of iPSCs-NCSCs in vitro. LIPUS treatment of allogeneic decellularized nerve conduit containing iPSCs-NCSCs, PFTBA, and GDF5 has very good effect on the repair of sciatic nerve injury. Taken together, these results provide functional evidence that LIPUS might be a useful tool to explore alternative approaches in the field of nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,Mechanobiology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guobao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,Mechanobiology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,Mechanobiology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,Mechanobiology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,Mechanobiology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yonggang Lv
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,Mechanobiology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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Kaur H, Siraki AG, Sharma M, Uludağ H, Dederich DN, Flood P, El-Bialy T. Reactive Oxygen Species Mediate Therapeutic Ultrasound-Induced, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Activation in C28/I2 Chondrocytes. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2018; 44:2105-2114. [PMID: 30037475 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2018.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has been used for the treatment of non-healing fractures because of its therapeutic properties of stimulating enhancing endochondral bone formation. However, its mechanism of action remains unclear. In this study, we hypothesized that LIPUS activates mitogen-activated protein kinases through generation of reactive oxygen species. C28/I2 cells were stimulated with LIPUS for 10 and 20 min, while the control group was treated using a sham LIPUS transducer. Through quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunoblot analyses, we determined that LIPUS application increased reactive oxygen species generation and cell viability in C28/I2 cells. There were increases in the phosphorylation level of ERK1/2 and in expression of SOX9, COL2 A1 and ACAN genes. These effects were reversed when cells were treated with diphenylene iodonium, which is known to inhibit NADPH oxidase. It was concluded that exposure of chondrocytes to LIPUS led to reactive oxygen species generation, which activated MAPK signaling and further increased chondrocyte-specific gene markers involved in chondrocyte differentiation and extracellular matrix formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harmanpreet Kaur
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Arno G Siraki
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Monika Sharma
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hasan Uludağ
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Douglas N Dederich
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Patrick Flood
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tarek El-Bialy
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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10
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Chondro-protective effects of low intensity pulsed ultrasound. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2016; 24:1989-1998. [PMID: 27364595 PMCID: PMC5071131 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cartilage is a highly mechano-responsive tissue. Chondrocytes undergo a series of complex changes, including proliferation and metabolic alteration as the target of external biomechanical and biochemical stimuli. IL-1β is known to regulate chondrocyte metabolism and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). The objective of this study was to employ low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) as a localized mechanical stimulus and assess its effects on chondrocyte migration, proliferation, metabolism, and differentiation, as well as its ability to suppress IL-1β mediated catabolism in cartilage. METHODS Human cartilage explants and chondrocytes were stimulated by LIPUS in the presence and absence of IL-1β to asses cartilage degradation, chondrocytes metabolism, migration, and proliferation. Western blot analyses were conducted to study IL-1β the associated NFκB pathway in chondrocytes. RESULTS LIPUS stimulation increased the proteoglycan content in human cartilage explants and inhibited IL-1β induced loss of proteoglycans. LIPUS stimulation increased rates of chondrocyte migration and proliferation, and promoted chondrogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Further, LIPUS suppressed IL-1β induced activation of phosphorylation of NFκB-p65 and IĸBα leading to reduced expression of MMP13 and ADAMT5 in chondrocytes. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these data demonstrate the potential therapeutic effects of LIPUS in preventing cartilage degradation and treating OA via a mechanical stimulation that inhibits the catabolic action of IL-1β and stimulates chondrocyte migration, proliferation, and differentiation.
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Thakurta SG, Sahu N, Miller A, Budhiraja G, Akert L, Viljoen H, Subramanian A. Long-term culture of human mesenchymal stem cell-seeded constructs under ultrasound stimulation: evaluation of chondrogenesis. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2016. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/2/5/055016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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12
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Zhou Y. The Application of Ultrasound in 3D Bio-Printing. Molecules 2016; 21:E590. [PMID: 27164066 PMCID: PMC6274238 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21050590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is an emerging and promising technology in tissue engineering to construct tissues and organs for implantation. Alignment of self-assembly cell spheroids that are used as bioink could be very accurate after droplet ejection from bioprinter. Complex and heterogeneous tissue structures could be built using rapid additive manufacture technology and multiple cell lines. Effective vascularization in the engineered tissue samples is critical in any clinical application. In this review paper, the current technologies and processing steps (such as printing, preparation of bioink, cross-linking, tissue fusion and maturation) in 3D bio-printing are introduced, and their specifications are compared with each other. In addition, the application of ultrasound in this novel field is also introduced. Cells experience acoustic radiation force in ultrasound standing wave field (USWF) and then accumulate at the pressure node at low acoustic pressure. Formation of cell spheroids by this method is within minutes with uniform size and homogeneous cell distribution. Neovessel formation from USWF-induced endothelial cell spheroids is significant. Low-intensity ultrasound could enhance the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells. Its use is at low cost and compatible with current bioreactor. In summary, ultrasound application in 3D bio-printing may solve some challenges and enhance the outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Zhou
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing (SC3DP), School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
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13
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Schwartz D, Samples J, Korosteleva O. Therapeutic ultrasound for glaucoma: clinical use of a low-frequency low-power ultrasound device for lowering intraocular pressure. J Ther Ultrasound 2014; 2:15. [PMID: 25512870 PMCID: PMC4266006 DOI: 10.1186/2050-5736-2-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This is a first-in-human study to determine the efficacy and tolerability of a new method of treating glaucoma using a low-power, low-frequency, focused therapeutic ultrasound for glaucoma (TUG) device designed to trigger an inflammatory reaction in the anterior chamber angle and trabecular meshwork to enhance outflow. The use of the device is anticipated for mild or moderate open-angle glaucoma as an enhancement to outflow. METHODS In a two-branch clinical trial, a total of 26 primary open-angle glaucoma patients underwent a procedure consisting of the external application of the TUG device. In branch 1, nine of these patients were naïve to pharmaceutical treatment or had been off of medication for over 6 months. In branch 2, 17 patients were treated after a medication washout period. All patients in the study were followed for 12 months. RESULTS In branch 1, there was a decrease in intraocular pressure averaging over 20% lasting at least a year in 74% of the eyes with non-normotensive open-angle glaucoma. In branch 2, an average of two visits while on medication provided the comparison intraocular pressure (IOP) to the effect of the TUG treatment after washout. It was seen that the intraocular pressure over the year post-treatment was equal to or better than the pharmaceutical control in close to 80% of measurements. CONCLUSION A novel device for lowering intraocular pressure is described with a potential for adding to our armamentarium for treating glaucoma. This is a small cohort study which indicates beneficial trends. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER The study was a registered clinical trial, #ISRCTN50904302.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald Schwartz
- Long Beach Eye Care Associates, 2650 Elm Avenue #108, Long Beach, CA 90806, USA ; USC Eye Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA ; UC Irvine Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Olga Korosteleva
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, California State University, Long Beach, CA, USA
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Cheng K, Xia P, Lin Q, Shen S, Gao M, Ren S, Li X. Effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on integrin-FAK-PI3K/Akt mechanochemical transduction in rabbit osteoarthritis chondrocytes. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2014; 40:1609-1618. [PMID: 24742749 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 02/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on extracellular matrix (ECM) production via modulation of the integrin/focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway has been investigated in previous studies in normal chondrocytes, but not in osteoarthritis (OA). Therefore, we investigated the LIPUS-induced integrin β1/FAK/PI3K/Akt mechanochemical transduction pathway in a single study in rabbit OA chondrocytes. Normal and OA chondrocytes were exposed to LIPUS, and mRNA and protein expression of cartilage, metalloproteinases and integrin-FAK-PI3K/Akt signal pathway-related genes was determined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively. Compared with levels in normal chondrocytes, expression levels of ECM-related genes were significantly lower in OA chondrocytes and those of metalloproteinase-related genes were significantly higher. In addition, integrin β1 gene expression and the phosphorylation of FAK, PI3K and Akt were significantly higher in OA chondrocytes. The expression of all tested genes was significantly increased except for that of metalloproteinase, which was significantly decreased in the LIPUS-treated OA group compared to the untreated OA group. LIPUS may affect the integrin-FAK-PI3K/Akt mechanochemical transduction pathway and alter ECM production by OA chondrocytes. Our findings will aid the future development of a treatment or even cure for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Cheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Xia
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shihao Shen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingxia Gao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shasha Ren
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueping Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Lim MH, Seo AR, Kim J, Min BH, Baik EJ, Park SR, Choi BH. Effects of low-intensity ultrasound on gramicidin D-induced erythrocyte edema. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2014; 33:949-957. [PMID: 24866602 DOI: 10.7863/ultra.33.6.949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether low-intensity ultrasound (US) can reduce red blood cell (RBC) edema and, if so, whether the US activity is associated with aquaporin 1 (AQP-1), a water channel in the cell membrane. METHODS Red blood cell edema was induced by gramicidin D treatment at 40 ng/mL for 20 minutes and evaluated by a hematocrit assay. Low-intensity continuous wave US at 1 MHz was applied to RBCs for the last 10 minutes of gramicidin D treatment. To determine whether US activity was associated with AQP-1, RBCs were treated with 40 μM mercuric chloride (HgCl(2)), an AQP-1 inhibitor, for 20 minutes at the time of gramicidin D treatment. Posttreatment morphologic changes in RBCs were observed by actin staining with phalloidin. RESULTS Red blood cell edema increased significantly with gramicidin D at 20 (1.8%), 40 (6.7%), 60 (16.7%), and 80 (11.3%) ng/mL, reaching a peak at 60 ng/mL, compared to the control group (20 ng/mL, P = .019; 40, 60, and 80 ng/mL, P < .001). No significant RBC hemolysis was observed in any group. Edema induced by gramicidin D at 40 ng/mL was significantly reduced by US at 30 (3.4%; P = .003), 70 (4.4%; P = .001), and 100 (2.9%; P = .001) mW/cm(2). Subsequent experiments showed that edema reduction by US ranged from 7% to 10%. Cotreatment with HgCl(2) partially reversed the US effect and showed a significantly different level of edema compared to gramicidin D-alone and US-cotreated groups (P = .001). These results were confirmed by microscopic observation of RBC morphologic changes. CONCLUSIONS Low-intensity US could reduce gramicidin D-induced RBC edema, and its effect appeared to at least partly involve regulation of AQP-1 activity. These results suggest that low-intensity US can be used as an alternative treatment to control edema and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Hyun Lim
- Department of Physiology (M.H.L., A.R.S., S.R.P.), Inha Research Institute for Medical Sciences (J.K.), and Division of Biomedical and Bioengineering Sciences (B.H.C.), Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea; and Departments of Orthopedic Surgery (B.-H.M.) and Physiology (E.J.B.), Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - A Rum Seo
- Department of Physiology (M.H.L., A.R.S., S.R.P.), Inha Research Institute for Medical Sciences (J.K.), and Division of Biomedical and Bioengineering Sciences (B.H.C.), Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea; and Departments of Orthopedic Surgery (B.-H.M.) and Physiology (E.J.B.), Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jiyoung Kim
- Department of Physiology (M.H.L., A.R.S., S.R.P.), Inha Research Institute for Medical Sciences (J.K.), and Division of Biomedical and Bioengineering Sciences (B.H.C.), Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea; and Departments of Orthopedic Surgery (B.-H.M.) and Physiology (E.J.B.), Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Byoung-Hyun Min
- Department of Physiology (M.H.L., A.R.S., S.R.P.), Inha Research Institute for Medical Sciences (J.K.), and Division of Biomedical and Bioengineering Sciences (B.H.C.), Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea; and Departments of Orthopedic Surgery (B.-H.M.) and Physiology (E.J.B.), Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Eun Joo Baik
- Department of Physiology (M.H.L., A.R.S., S.R.P.), Inha Research Institute for Medical Sciences (J.K.), and Division of Biomedical and Bioengineering Sciences (B.H.C.), Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea; and Departments of Orthopedic Surgery (B.-H.M.) and Physiology (E.J.B.), Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - So Ra Park
- Department of Physiology (M.H.L., A.R.S., S.R.P.), Inha Research Institute for Medical Sciences (J.K.), and Division of Biomedical and Bioengineering Sciences (B.H.C.), Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea; and Departments of Orthopedic Surgery (B.-H.M.) and Physiology (E.J.B.), Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Byung Hyune Choi
- Department of Physiology (M.H.L., A.R.S., S.R.P.), Inha Research Institute for Medical Sciences (J.K.), and Division of Biomedical and Bioengineering Sciences (B.H.C.), Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea; and Departments of Orthopedic Surgery (B.-H.M.) and Physiology (E.J.B.), Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
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Choi JW, Choi BH, Park SH, Pai KS, Li TZ, Min BH, Park SR. Mechanical stimulation by ultrasound enhances chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in a fibrin-hyaluronic acid hydrogel. Artif Organs 2013; 37:648-55. [PMID: 23495957 DOI: 10.1111/aor.12041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chondrogenic differentiation and cartilage tissue formation derived from stem cells are highly dependent on both biological and mechanical factors. This study investigated whether or not fibrin-hyaluronic acid (HA) coupled with low-intensity ultrasound (LIUS), a mechanical stimulation, produces an additive or synergistic effect on the chondrogenesis of rabbit mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow. For the purpose of comparison, rabbit MSCs were first cultured in fibrin-HA or alginate hydrogels, and then subjected to chondrogenic differentiation in chondrogenic-defined medium for 4 weeks in the presence of either transforming growth factor-beta3 (TGF-β3) (10 ng/mL) or LIUS treatment (1.0 MHz and 200 mW/cm(2) ). The resulting samples were evaluated at 1 and 4 weeks by histological observation, chemical assays, and mechanical analysis. The fibrin-HA hydrogel was found to be more efficient than alginate in promoting chondrogenesis of the MSCs by producing a larger amount of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and collagen, and engineered constructs made with the hydrogel demonstrated higher mechanical strength. At 4 weeks of tissue culture, the chondrogenesis of the MSCs in fibrin-HA were shown to be further enhanced by treatment with LIUS, as observed by analyses for the amounts of GAGs and collagen, and mechanical strength testing. In contrast, TGF-β3, a well-known chondrogenic inducer, showed a marginal additive effect in the amount of collagen only. These results revealed that LIUS further enhanced chondrogenesis of the MSCs cultured in fibrin-HA, in vitro, and suggested that the combination of fibrin-HA and LIUS is a useful tool in constructing high-quality cartilage tissues from MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Won Choi
- Department of Molecular Science & Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
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17
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Ito A, Aoyama T, Yamaguchi S, Zhang X, Akiyama H, Kuroki H. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound inhibits messenger RNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase-13 induced by interleukin-1β in chondrocytes in an intensity-dependent manner. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2012; 38:1726-1733. [PMID: 22920551 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Revised: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on articular cartilage metabolism has been characterized. However, the effect of LIPUS intensity on articular cartilage degradation factors remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the immediate effect of LIPUS at several intensities on cultured chondrocytes treated with interleukin-1β (IL-1β) to induce an inflammatory response and on articular cartilage explants. Cultured chondrocytes and articular cartilage explants were treated by LIPUS at intensities of 0, 7.5, 30 and 120 mW/cm(2) or 0, 27 and 67 mW/cm(2), respectively. mRNA analysis revealed that LIPUS inhibited induction of MMP13 mRNA expression by 100 pg/mL IL-1β in cultured chondrocytes in an intensity-dependent manner. LIPUS also inhibited MMP13 and MMP1 mRNA expression in articular cartilage explants. Our results indicate that LIPUS may potentially protect articular cartilage by inhibiting MMP mRNA expression in an intensity-dependent manner and should thus be considered a useful candidate for daily treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Ito
- Motor Function Analysis, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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18
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Whitney NP, Lamb AC, Louw TM, Subramanian A. Integrin-mediated mechanotransduction pathway of low-intensity continuous ultrasound in human chondrocytes. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2012; 38:1734-43. [PMID: 22920546 PMCID: PMC3438336 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Revised: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Chondrocytes are mechanosensitive cells that require mechanical stimulation for proper growth and function in in vitro culture systems. Ultrasound (US) has emerged as a technique to deliver mechanical stress; however, the intracellular signaling components of the mechanotransduction pathways that transmit the extracellular mechanical stimulus to gene regulatory mechanisms are not fully defined. We evaluated a possible integrin/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) mechanotransduction pathway using Western blotting with antibodies targeting specific phosphorylation sites on intracellular signaling proteins. US stimulation of chondrocytes induced phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), Src, p130 Crk-associated substrate (p130Cas), CrkII and extracellular-regulated kinase (Erk). Furthermore, pre-incubation with inhibitors of integrin receptors, Src and MAPK/Erk kinase (MEK) reduced US-induced Erk phosphorylation levels, indicating integrins and Src are upstream of Erk in an US-mediated mechanotransduction pathway. These findings suggest US signals through integrin receptors to the MAPK/Erk pathway via a mechanotransduction pathway involving FAK, Src, p130Cas and CrkII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas P. Whitney
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA 68588-0643
| | - Allyson C. Lamb
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA 68588-0643
| | - Tobias M. Louw
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA 68588-0643
| | - Anuradha Subramanian
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA 68588-0643
- Correspondence: Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 207L Othmer Hall, 820 N. 16th St., Lincoln, NE 68588-0643, USA., Phone: (402)-472-3463 Fax: (402)-472-6989,
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Li X, Li J, Cheng K, Lin Q, Wang D, Zhang H, An H, Gao M, Chen A. Effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on MMP-13 and MAPKs signaling pathway in rabbit knee osteoarthritis. Cell Biochem Biophys 2012; 61:427-34. [PMID: 21567132 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-011-9206-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on MMP-13 and MAPKs expression in rabbit knee osteoarthritis (OA). For this purpose, 18 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly and equally divided into O + L, O - L, and SO groups. In O + L group, animals underwent right back leg ACLT operation and LIPUS radiation. In O - L group, animals underwent ACLT but no LIPUS treatment. In SO (control) group, animals underwent sham operation without LIPUS. After 6 weeks, we assessed the pathologic changes in the articular surface of femoral condyle and compared using Mankin scores. Also, expression of type-II collagen, MMP-13, ERK1/2, p38, and JNK was measured by Western blot. Compared with controls, Mankin scores were higher in O + L (P < 0.05)/O - L (P < 0.01) groups. Compared with O + L group, score was higher in O - L group (P < 0.05). Compared with controls, type-II collagen expression was less in O + L/O - L groups, with more significant decrease in O - L group (P < 0.05). Contrarily, expression of MMP-13, p-ERK1/2, and p-p38 was enhanced in O + L/O - L groups as compared with controls, with more significant increase in O - L group (P < 0.01). Compared with O + L group, expression was higher in O - L group (P < 0.05). We, therefore, concluded that LIPUS application promoted cartilage repair in OA through the downregulation of MMP-13, ERK1/2, and p38.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nanjing First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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20
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Choi WH, Choi BH, Min BH, Park SR. Low-Intensity Ultrasound Increased Colony Forming Unit-Fibroblasts of Mesenchymal Stem Cells During Primary Culture. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2011; 17:517-26. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2010.0231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Woo Hee Choi
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Byung Hyune Choi
- Division of Biomedical and Bioengineering Sciences, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Byoung-Hyun Min
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
- Cell Therapy Center, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - So Ra Park
- Department of Physiology, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
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Hasanova GI, Noriega SE, Mamedov TG, Guha Thakurta S, Turner JA, Subramanian A. The effect of ultrasound stimulation on the gene and protein expression of chondrocytes seeded in chitosan scaffolds. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2011; 5:815-22. [PMID: 22002925 DOI: 10.1002/term.384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2010] [Accepted: 10/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Both pulsed- and square-wave, low-intensity ultrasound (US) signals have been reported to impact chondrocyte function and biosynthetic activity. In this study, a low-intensity diffuse ultrasound (LIDUS) signal at 5.0 MHz (0.14 mW/cm(2)) was employed to stimulate bovine chondrocytes seeded in three-dimensional (3D) chitosan-based matrices. While the duration of application was constant at 51 s, US was applied once, twice, four times and eight times/day, and the impacts of US on the biosynthetic activity of chondrocytes and the expression of chondrocyte-specific genes were evaluated. When stimulated with continuous US for predetermined time intervals, chondrocytes had higher levels of type II collagen, aggrecan, L-Sox5 and Sox9 mRNA expression when compared to controls; however, under the same conditions, the expression of MMP-3 was downregulated. Interestingly, both Sox5 and Sox9 genes coordinately responded to changes in US stimulation and generally mirrored the response of collagen type II transcript to changes in US stimulation. RT-PCR analysis revealed that US stimulation increased the gene expression of cell-surface integrins α5 and β1. The expression of integrins α2 was downregulated by US treatment, suggesting that multiple integrin subunits may be involved in the regulation of chondrocytic function in response to US stimuli. The enhancement in the abundance of the mRNA transcripts upon US stimulation was observed to correlate with the protein expression of collagen type I, collagen type II, and integrins α5 and β1. In conclusion, the US stimulation regimen employed was shown to modulate the proliferative capacity, biosynthetic activity and integrin mRNA expression of articular chondrocytes maintained in 3D matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulnara I Hasanova
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0643, USA
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22
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Vaughan NM, Grainger J, Bader DL, Knight MM. The potential of pulsed low intensity ultrasound to stimulate chondrocytes matrix synthesis in agarose and monolayer cultures. Med Biol Eng Comput 2010; 48:1215-22. [PMID: 20938751 PMCID: PMC2993893 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-010-0681-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2010] [Accepted: 09/11/2010] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Pulsed low intensity ultrasound (PLIUS) has been used successfully for bone fracture repair and has therefore been suggested for cartilage regeneration. However, previous in vitro studies with chondrocytes show conflicting results as to the effect of PLIUS on the elaboration of extracellular matrix. This study tests the hypothesis that PLIUS, applied for 20 min/day, stimulates the synthesis of sulphated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) by adult bovine articular chondrocytes cultured in either monolayer or agarose constructs. For both culture models, PLIUS at either 30 or 100 mW/cm(2) intensity had no net effect on the total sGAG content. Although PLIUS at 100 mW/cm(2) did induce a 20% increase in sGAG content at day 2 of culture in agarose, this response was lost by day 5. Intensities of 200 and 300 mW/cm(2) resulted in cell death probably due to heating from the ultrasound transducers. The lack of a sustained up-regulation of sGAG synthesis may reflect the suggestion that PLIUS only induces a stimulatory effect in the presence of a tissue injury response. These results suggest that PLIUS has a limited potential to provide an effective method of stimulating matrix production as part of a tissue engineering strategy for cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M. Vaughan
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS UK
| | - James Grainger
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS UK
| | - Dan L. Bader
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS UK
| | - Martin M. Knight
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS UK
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Jacobs BJ, Verbruggen G, Kaufmann RA. Proximal interphalangeal joint arthritis. J Hand Surg Am 2010; 35:2107-16. [PMID: 20961704 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2010.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2010] [Accepted: 09/04/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Proximal interphalangeal joint function is critical for proper finger and hand function and arthritis of this joint can lead to considerable hand impairment. Proximal interphalangeal joint arthritides are broadly categorized into nonerosive and erosive osteoarthritis (OA), posttraumatic arthritis, and inflammatory arthritis. The nonerosive type is considered idiopathic or primary OA, whereas the erosive form exhibits an inflammatory component. Idiopathic or primary OA occurs as a consequence of abnormal mechanical stress that leads to damage of cartilage and subchondral bone, with subsequent cytokine and growth factor activation. Individual genetics then mediate the cellular responses. Although erosive OA is described as a separate entity, this remains controversial, with many suggesting that it is merely a more aggressive form of nonerosive, primary OA. Inflammatory OA occurs when connective tissues are diseased, allowing for normal use to incite arthritic damage. Treatment modalities for proximal interphalangeal joint arthritis are currently limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Jacobs
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Irrechukwu ON, Lin PC, Fritton K, Doty S, Pleshko N, Spencer RG. Magnetic resonance studies of macromolecular content in engineered cartilage treated with pulsed low-intensity ultrasound. Tissue Eng Part A 2010; 17:407-15. [PMID: 20807015 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2010.0187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Noninvasive monitoring of matrix development in tissue-engineered cartilage constructs would permit ongoing assessment with the ability to modify culture conditions during development to optimize tissue characteristics. In this study, chondrocytes seeded in a collagen hydrogel were exposed for 20 min/day to pulsed low-intensity ultrasound (PLIUS) at 30 mWcm(-2) and cultured for up to 5 weeks. Biochemical assays, histology, immunohistochemistry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed at weeks 3 and 5 after initiation of growth. The noninvasive MRI measurements were correlated with those from the invasive studies. In particular, MRI transverse relaxation time (T2) and magnetization transfer rate (k(m)) correlated with macromolecular content, which was increased by application of PLIUS. This indicates the sensitivity of MR techniques to PLIUS-induced changes in matrix development, and highlights the potential for noninvasive assessment of the efficacy of anabolic interventions for engineered tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onyi N Irrechukwu
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy Section, Gerontology Research Center 4D-06, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Efficacy of ultrasound therapy for the management of knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2010; 18:1117-26. [PMID: 20637297 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2010.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2010] [Revised: 06/10/2010] [Accepted: 06/17/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of ultrasound therapy (US) for decreasing pain and improving physical function, patient-perception of disease severity, and cartilage repair in people with knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS We conducted a systematic review (to February 2009) without language limits in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, LILACS, MEDCARIB, CINAHL, PEDro, SPORT-discus, REHABDATA, and World Health Organization Clinical Trial Registry. We included randomized controlled trials of people with knee OA comparing the outcomes of interest for those receiving US with those receiving no US. Two reviewers independently selected studies, extracted relevant data and assessed quality. Pooled analyses were conducted using inverse-variance random effects models. MAIN RESULTS Six small trials (378 patients) were included. US improves pain [Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) (95% confidence interval (CI))=-0.49 (-0.79, -0.18), P=0.002], and tends to improve self-reported physical function [SMD (CI)=-0.54 (-1.19, 0.12), P=0.11] along with walking performance [SMD (CI)=0.81 (-0.09, 1.72), P=0.08]. Results from two trials (128 patients), conducted by the same group, show a positive effect of US on pain [SMD (CI)=-0.77 (-1.15, -0.39), P<0.001], self-reported physical function [SMD (CI)=-1.25 (-1.69, -0.81), P<0.001], and walking performance [SMD (CI)=1.47 (1.06, 1.88), P<0.001] at 10 months after the intervention concluded. Heterogeneity observed between studies regarding the effect of US on pain was explained by US dose, mode and intensity. The quality of evidence supporting these effect estimates was rated as low. CONCLUSIONS US could be efficacious for decreasing pain and may improve physical function in patients with knee OA. The findings of this review should be confirmed using methodologically rigorous and adequately powered clinical trials.
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Gurkan I, Ranganathan A, Yang X, Horton WE, Todman M, Huckle J, Pleshko N, Spencer RG. Modification of osteoarthritis in the guinea pig with pulsed low-intensity ultrasound treatment. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2010; 18:724-33. [PMID: 20175971 PMCID: PMC2873836 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2010.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2009] [Revised: 12/21/2009] [Accepted: 01/18/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Hartley guinea pig develops articular cartilage degeneration similar to that seen in idiopathic human osteoarthritis (OA). We investigated whether the application of pulsed low-intensity ultrasound (PLIUS) to the Hartley guinea pig joint would prevent or attenuate the progression of this degenerative process. METHODS Treatment of male Hartley guinea pigs was initiated at the onset of degeneration (8 weeks of age) to assess the ability of PLIUS to prevent OA, or at a later age (12 months) to assess the degree to which PLIUS acted to attenuate the progression of established disease. PLIUS (30 mW/cm(2)) was applied to stifle joints for 20 min/day over periods ranging from 3 to 10 months, with contralateral limbs serving as controls. Joint cartilage histology was graded according to a modified Mankin scale to evaluate treatment effect. Immunohistochemical staining for interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3, MMP-13, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 was performed on the cartilage to evaluate patterns of expression of these proteins. RESULTS PLIUS did not fully prevent cartilage degeneration in the prevention groups, but diminished the severity of the disease, with the treated joints showing markedly decreased surface irregularities and a much smaller degree of loss of matrix staining as compared to controls. PLIUS also attenuated disease progression in the groups with established disease, although to a somewhat lesser extent as compared to the prevention groups. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated a markedly decreased degree of TGF-beta1 production in the PLIUS-treated joints. This indicates less active endogenous repair, consistent with the marked reduction in cartilage degradation. CONCLUSIONS PLIUS exhibits the ability to attenuate the progression of cartilage degeneration in an animal model of idiopathic human OA. The effect was greater in the treatment of early, rather than established, degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilksen Gurkan
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Xu Yang
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
| | - Walter E. Horton
- Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - Martin Todman
- Smith and Nephew Group Research Centre, York Science Park, Heslington, York, UK
| | - James Huckle
- Smith and Nephew Group Research Centre, York Science Park, Heslington, York, UK
| | | | - Richard G. Spencer
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD
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Warden SJ, Komatsu DE, Rydberg J, Bond JL, Hassett SM. Recombinant human parathyroid hormone (PTH 1-34) and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound have contrasting additive effects during fracture healing. Bone 2009; 44:485-94. [PMID: 19071238 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2008.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2008] [Revised: 11/05/2008] [Accepted: 11/06/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fracture healing is thought to be naturally optimized; however, recent evidence indicates that it may be manipulated to occur at a faster rate. This has implications for the duration of morbidity associated with bone injuries. Two interventions found to accelerate fracture healing processes are recombinant human parathyroid hormone [1-34] (PTH) and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS). This study aimed to investigate the individual and combined effects of PTH and LIPUS on fracture healing. Bilateral midshaft femur fractures were created in Sprague-Dawley rats, and the animals treated 7 days/week with PTH (10 microg/kg) or a vehicle solution. Each animal also had one fracture treated for 20 min/day with active-LIPUS (spatial-averaged, temporal-averaged intensity [I(SATA)]=100 mW/cm(2)) and the contralateral fracture treated with inactive-LIPUS (placebo). Femurs were harvested 35 days following injury to permit micro-computed tomography, mechanical property and histological assessments of the fracture calluses. There were no interactions between PTH and LIPUS indicating that their effects were additive rather than synergistic. These additive effects were contrasting with LIPUS primarily increasing total callus volume (TV) without influencing bone mineral content (BMC), and PTH having the opposite effect of increasing BMC without influencing TV. As a consequence of the effect of LIPUS on TV but not BMC, it decreased volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) resulting in a less mature callus. The decreased maturity and persistence of cartilage at the fracture site when harvested offset any beneficial mechanical effects of the increased callus size with LIPUS. In contrast, the effect of PTH on callus BMC but not TV resulted in increased callus vBMD and a more mature callus. This resulted in PTH increasing fracture site mechanical strength and stiffness. These data suggest that PTH may have utility in the treatment of acute bone fractures, whereas LIPUS at an I(SATA) of 100 mW/cm(2) does not appear to be indicated in the management of closed, diaphyseal fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J Warden
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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Min BH, Lee HJ, Kim YJ. Cartilage Repair Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 2009. [DOI: 10.5124/jkma.2009.52.11.1077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Byoung-Hyun Min
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ajou University College of Medicine, Korea.
| | - Hyun Jung Lee
- Cell Therapy Center, Ajou University Medical Center, Korea
| | - Young Jick Kim
- Cell Therapy Center, Ajou University Medical Center, Korea
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Park SR, Choi BH, Min BH. Low-Intensity Ultrasound (LIUS) as an Innovative Tool for Chondrogenesis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs). Organogenesis 2007; 3:74-8. [PMID: 19279704 PMCID: PMC2649621 DOI: 10.4161/org.3.2.4943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2007] [Accepted: 08/28/2007] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a capacity to differentiate into the chondrogenic lineage and are a valuable allogenic source for cartilage tissue engineering. However, they still have critical limitations of relatively inefficient chondrogenic differentiation in vitro and of dedifferentiation and/or hypertrophic changes at late stages of differentiation. Numerous approaches using biochemical and mechanical factors have been tried but have so far failed to overcome these problems. Recent studies by other groups and ours have shown that low-intensity ultrasound (LIUS) is an efficient tool for promoting the chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs both in vitro and in vivo. A series of our experiments suggests that LIUS not only induces chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs but also has diverse additional activities that enhance the viability of MSCs, increase possibly the integrity of the differentiated tissues and delays hypertrophic changes during differentiation. Therefore, LIUS could be an innovative and versatile tool for chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs and for cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Ra Park
- Department of Physiology; Inha University Collage of Medicine; Incheon, Korea
| | - Byung Hyune Choi
- Cell Therapy Center; Ajou University School of Medicine; Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - Byoung-Hyun Min
- Cell Therapy Center; Ajou University School of Medicine; Gyeonggi, Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery; Ajou University School of Medicine; Gyeonggi, Korea
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology; Ajou University School of Medicine; Gyeonggi, Korea
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