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Gon M, Yaegashi M, Tanaka K, Chujo Y. Near-Infrared Emissive Hypervalent Compounds with Germanium(IV)-Fused Azobenzene π-Conjugated Systems. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203423. [PMID: 36441133 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel molecular design for showing near-infrared (NIR) emission is still required for satisfying growing demands for NIR-light technology. In this research, hypervalent compounds with germanium (Ge)-fused azobenzene (GAz) scaffolds were discovered that can exhibit NIR emission (λPL =690∼721 nm, ΦPL =0.03∼0.04) despite compact π-conjugated systems. The unique optical properties are derived from the trigonal bipyramidal geometry of the hypervalent compounds constructed by combination of Ge and azobenzene-based tridentate ligands. Experimental and theoretical calculation results disclosed that the germanium-nitrogen (Ge-N) coordination at the equatorial position strongly reduces the energy level of the LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital), and the three-center four-electron (3 c-4 e) bond in the apical position effectively rises the energy level of the HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital). It is emphasized that large narrowing of the HOMO-LUMO energy gap is achieved just by forming the hypervalent bond. In addition, the narrow-energy-gap property can be enhanced by extension of π-conjugation. The obtained π-conjugated polymer shows efficient NIR emission both in solution (λPL =770 nm and ΦPL =0.10) and film (λPL =807 nm and ΦPL =0.04). These results suggest that collaboration of a hypervalent bond and a π-conjugated system is a novel and effective strategy for tuning electronic properties even in the NIR region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Gon
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Misao Yaegashi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tanaka
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Chujo
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
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Adachi Y, Nabeya T, Nomura T, Kondo K, Kawakami K, Ooyama Y, Ohshita J. Direct comparison of dithienosilole and dithienogermole as π-conjugated linkers in photosensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:16671-16678. [PMID: 31663580 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02600b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Dithienosilole (DTS) and dithienogermole (DTG) are useful building units of π-conjugated organic materials. In the present work, donor-π-acceptor (D-π-A) dyes with bis(dihexyloxyphenyl)aminophenyl, DTS or DTG, and pyridine or cyanoacrylic acid as the donor (D), the π-conjugated linker (π), and the acceptor (A) units, respectively, were prepared and their optical properties were investigated. The D-π-A dyes exhibited strong absorption in the visible region, indicating efficient intramolecular donor-acceptor interaction. The addition of trifluoroacetic acid to solutions of pyridine-containing dyes led to red-shifts of the absorption bands as a result of pyridinium salt formation. Similar red-shifts were observed for cyanoacrylic acid dyes, which were due to the enhanced formation of neutral dyes relative to the separated ion pairs. The D-π-A dyes, however, showed similar absorption spectra when attached to the TiO2 surface, indicating that the dye-TiO2 electronic interaction was rather weak. In contrast to the finding that these dyes exhibited similar optical properties regardless of the π-linker (i.e., DTS or DTG), dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) based on DTG-containing dyes exhibited superior performance compared to those based on DTS-containing dyes. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements supported the higher performance of the DSSCs with DTG-containing dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Adachi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan.
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Adachi Y, Nomura T, Ohshita J. Intramolecular Energy Transfer in Dithienogermole Derivatives. Chemistry 2019; 25:4974-4983. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Adachi
- Department of Applied ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringHiroshima University Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527 Japan
| | - Takanori Nomura
- Department of Applied ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringHiroshima University Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527 Japan
| | - Joji Ohshita
- Department of Applied ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringHiroshima University Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527 Japan
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Enoki T, Ohshita J, Ooyama Y. Synthesis and Photophysical and Electrochemical Properties of Structural Isomers of Pyrazine-Based D-π-A-π-D Fluorescent Dyes. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20180210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Enoki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Joji Ohshita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Yousuke Ooyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
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Haishima Y, Kubota Y, Manseki K, Jin J, Sawada Y, Inuzuka T, Funabiki K, Matsui M. Wide-Range Near-Infrared Sensitizing 1H-Benzo[c,d]indol-2-ylidene-Based Squaraine Dyes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. J Org Chem 2018; 83:4389-4401. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Haishima
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Scienece, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kubota
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Scienece, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Manseki
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Scienece, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Jiye Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1-Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Sawada
- Division of Instrumental Analysis, Life Science Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Toshiyasu Inuzuka
- Division of Instrumental Analysis, Life Science Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Funabiki
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Scienece, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Masaki Matsui
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Scienece, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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Adachi Y, Ooyama Y, Ren Y, Yin X, Jäkle F, Ohshita J. Hybrid conjugated polymers with alternating dithienosilole or dithienogermole and tricoordinate boron units. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01790a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid conjugated polymers with alternating dithienosilole or dithienogermole and tricoordinate boron units were prepared, which showed effective D–A interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Adachi
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Hiroshima University
- Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527
- Japan
| | - Yousuke Ooyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Hiroshima University
- Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527
- Japan
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Chemistry
- Rutgers University Newark
- Newark
- USA
| | - Xiaodong Yin
- Department of Chemistry
- Rutgers University Newark
- Newark
- USA
| | - Frieder Jäkle
- Department of Chemistry
- Rutgers University Newark
- Newark
- USA
| | - Joji Ohshita
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Hiroshima University
- Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527
- Japan
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Shibayama N, Kanda H, Yusa SI, Fukumoto S, Baranwal AK, Segawa H, Miyasaka T, Ito S. All-inorganic inverse perovskite solar cells using zinc oxide nanocolloids on spin coated perovskite layer. NANO CONVERGENCE 2017; 4:18. [PMID: 28804699 PMCID: PMC5532399 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-017-0113-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We confirmed the influence of ZnO nanoparticle size and residual water on performance of all inorganic perovskite solar cells. By decreasing the size of the ZnO nanoparticles, the short-circuit current density (Jsc) and open circuit photovoltage (Voc) values are increased and the conversion efficiency is improved. Although the Voc value is not affected by the influence of residual water in the solution for preparing the ZnO layer, the Jsc value drops greatly. As a result, it was found that it is important to use the oxide nanoparticles with a small particle diameter and to reduce the water content in the oxide forming material in order to manufacture a highly efficient all inorganic perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Shibayama
- Department of Materials and Synchrotron Radiation Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2167 Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo 671-2280 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kanda
- Department of Materials and Synchrotron Radiation Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2167 Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo 671-2280 Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Yusa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2167 Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo 671-2280 Japan
| | - Shota Fukumoto
- Department of Materials and Synchrotron Radiation Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2167 Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo 671-2280 Japan
| | - Ajay K. Baranwal
- Department of Materials and Synchrotron Radiation Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2167 Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo 671-2280 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Segawa
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8904 Japan
| | - Tsutomu Miyasaka
- Graduate School of Engineering, Toin University of Yokohama, Yokohama, Kanagawa 225-8503 Japan
| | - Seigo Ito
- Department of Materials and Synchrotron Radiation Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2167 Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo 671-2280 Japan
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