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Aulia F, Matsuba H, Adachi S, Yamada T, Nakase I, Nii T, Mori T, Katayama Y, Kishimura A. Effective design of PEGylated polyion complex (PIC) nanoparticles for enhancing PIC internalisation in cells utilising block copolymer combinations with mismatched ionic chain lengths. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:1826-1836. [PMID: 38305408 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02049e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
In nanomedicine, PEGylation of nanomaterials poses a dilemma since it inhibits their interaction with target cells and enables their retention in target tissues despite its biocompatibility and nonspecific internalisation suppression. PEGylated polypeptide-based polyion complexes (PICs) are fabricated via the self-assembly of PEGylated aniomers and homocatiomers based on electrostatic interactions. We propose that various parameters like block copolymer design and PIC domain characteristics can enhance the cell-PEGylated PIC interactions. Remarkably, the properties of the PIC domain were tuned by the matched/mismatched ionomer chain lengths, PIC domain crosslinking degree, chemical modification of cationic species after crosslinking, PIC morphologies (vesicles/micelles) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) chain lengths. Cellular internalisation of the prepared PICs was evaluated using HeLa cells. Consequently, mismatched ionomer chain lengths and vesicle morphology enhanced cell-PIC interactions, and the states of ion pairing, particularly cationic residues, affected the internalisation behaviours of PICs via acetylation or guanidinylation of amino groups on catiomers. This treatment attenuated the cell-PIC interactions, possibly because of reduced interaction of PICs with negatively charged species on the cell-surface, glycosaminoglycans. Moreover, morphology and PEG length were correlated with PIC internalisation, in which PICs with longer and denser PEG were internalised less effectively. Cell line dependency was tested using RAW 264.7 macrophage cells; PIC recognition could be maintained after capping amino groups on catiomers, indicating that the remaining anionic groups were still effectively recognised by the scavenger receptors of macrophages. Our strategy for tuning the physicochemical properties of the PEGylated PIC nanocarriers is promising for overcoming the PEG issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadlina Aulia
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Matsuba
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shoya Adachi
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takumi Yamada
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Ikuhiko Nakase
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai-shi, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Teruki Nii
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Mori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
- Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Katayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
- Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Center for Advanced Medical Open Innovation, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Rd., Chung Li, Taiwan, 32023, ROC
| | - Akihiro Kishimura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
- Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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K C B, Nii T, Mori T, Katayama Y. Dynamic frustrated charge hotspots created by charge density modulation sequester globular proteins into complex coacervates. Chem Sci 2023; 14:6608-6620. [PMID: 37350836 PMCID: PMC10283495 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc00993a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study presents a simple strategy for the sequestration of globular proteins as clients into synthetic polypeptide-based complex coacervates as a scaffold, thereby recapitulating the scaffold-client interaction found in biological condensates. Considering the low net charges of scaffold proteins participating in biological condensates, the linear charge density (σ) on the polyanion, polyethylene glycol-b-poly(aspartic acids), was reduced by introducing hydroxypropyl or butyl moieties as a charge-neutral pendant group. Complex coacervate prepared from the series of reduced-σ polyanions and the polycation, homo-poly-l-lysine, could act as a scaffold that sequestered various globular proteins with high encapsulation efficiency (>80%), which sometimes involved further agglomerations in the coacervates. The sequestration of proteins was basically driven by electrostatic interaction, and therefore depended on the ionic strength and charges of the proteins. However, based on the results of polymer partitioning in the coacervate in the presence or absence of proteins, charge ratios between cationic and anionic polymers were maintained at the charge ratio of unity. Therefore, the origin of the electrostatic interaction with proteins is considered to be dynamic frustrated charges in the complex coacervates created by non-neutralized charges on polymer chains. Furthermore, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) measurements showed that the interaction of side-chains and proteins changed the dynamic property of coacervates. It also suggested that the physical properties of the condensate are tunable before and after the sequestration of globular proteins. The present rational design approach of the scaffold-client interaction is helpful for basic life-science research and the applied frontier of artificial organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biplab K C
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Teruki Nii
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Takeshi Mori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
- Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Yoshiki Katayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
- Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
- Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
- Center for Advanced Medical Open Innovation, Kyushu University 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku Fukuoka 812-8582 Japan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University 200 Chung Pei Rd. Chung Li Taiwan 32023 ROC
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Ahmad A, Maruyama T, Nii T, Mori T, Katayama Y, Kishimura A. Facile preparation of hexagonal nanosheets via polyion complex formation from α-helical polypeptides and polyphosphate-based molecules. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:1657-1660. [PMID: 36688812 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05137k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The polyion complex-based supramolecular self-assembly of hexagonal nanosheets was achieved via the complexation of a PEGylated block catiomer with ATP and other polyphosphate-containing small molecules. The formation of hexagonal nanosheets required the presence of a polyethylene glycol block and α-helix formation in the catiomer block, which was induced by complexation with the polyphosphate moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmariah Ahmad
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Tomoki Maruyama
- Graduate school of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Teruki Nii
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Mori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan. .,Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Katayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan. .,Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.,Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.,Center for Advanced Medical Open Innovation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Rd., Chung Li, Taiwan, 32023, Republic of China
| | - Akihiro Kishimura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan. .,Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.,Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.,RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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Ahmad A, Nii T, Mori T, Katayama Y, Toyofuku M, Kishimura A. Nanostructure Control of an Antibiotic-based Polyion Complex Using a Series of Polycations with Different Side-chain Modification Rates. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200316. [PMID: 35661316 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Developing nanovehicles for delivering antibiotics is a promising approach to overcome the issue of antibiotic resistance. This study aims to utilize a polyion complex (PICs) system for developing novel nanovehicles for polymyxin-type antibiotics, which are known as last resort drugs. The formation of antibiotic-based PIC nanostructures was investigated using colistimethate sodium (CMS), an anionic cyclic short peptide, and a series of block catiomers bearing different amounts of guanidinium moieties on their side chains. In addition, only the modified catiomer, and not the unmodified catiomer, self-assembles with CMS, implying the importance of the guanidine moieties for enhancing the interaction between the catiomer and CMS via the formation of multivalent hydrogen bonding. Moreover, micellar and vesicular PIC nanostructures are selectively formed depending on the ratio of the guanidine residues. Size-exclusion chromatography revealed that the encapsulation efficiency of CMS is dependent on the guanidinium modification ratio. The antimicrobial activity of the PIC nanostructures is also confirmed, indicating that the complexation of CMS in the PICs and further release from the PICs successfully occurs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmariah Ahmad
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Teruki Nii
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takeshi Mori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Katayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University 3-1-1 Maedashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Rd., Chung Li, 32023, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Masanori Toyofuku
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Japan.,Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability (MiCS), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kishimura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
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Heuberger L, Korpidou M, Eggenberger OM, Kyropoulou M, Palivan CG. Current Perspectives on Synthetic Compartments for Biomedical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5718. [PMID: 35628527 PMCID: PMC9145047 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Nano- and micrometer-sized compartments composed of synthetic polymers are designed to mimic spatial and temporal divisions found in nature. Self-assembly of polymers into compartments such as polymersomes, giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs), layer-by-layer (LbL) capsules, capsosomes, or polyion complex vesicles (PICsomes) allows for the separation of defined environments from the exterior. These compartments can be further engineered through the incorporation of (bio)molecules within the lumen or into the membrane, while the membrane can be decorated with functional moieties to produce catalytic compartments with defined structures and functions. Nanometer-sized compartments are used for imaging, theranostic, and therapeutic applications as a more mechanically stable alternative to liposomes, and through the encapsulation of catalytic molecules, i.e., enzymes, catalytic compartments can localize and act in vivo. On the micrometer scale, such biohybrid systems are used to encapsulate model proteins and form multicompartmentalized structures through the combination of multiple compartments, reaching closer to the creation of artificial organelles and cells. Significant progress in therapeutic applications and modeling strategies has been achieved through both the creation of polymers with tailored properties and functionalizations and novel techniques for their assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Heuberger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096, 4058 Basel, Switzerland; (L.H.); (M.K.); (O.M.E.); (M.K.)
| | - Maria Korpidou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096, 4058 Basel, Switzerland; (L.H.); (M.K.); (O.M.E.); (M.K.)
| | - Olivia M. Eggenberger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096, 4058 Basel, Switzerland; (L.H.); (M.K.); (O.M.E.); (M.K.)
| | - Myrto Kyropoulou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096, 4058 Basel, Switzerland; (L.H.); (M.K.); (O.M.E.); (M.K.)
- NCCR-Molecular Systems Engineering, Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1095, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia G. Palivan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096, 4058 Basel, Switzerland; (L.H.); (M.K.); (O.M.E.); (M.K.)
- NCCR-Molecular Systems Engineering, Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1095, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
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