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Tokugawa M, Inoue Y, Ishiuchi K, Kujirai C, Matsuno M, Ri M, Itoh Y, Miyajima C, Morishita D, Ohoka N, Iida S, Mizukami H, Makino T, Hayashi H. Periplocin and cardiac glycosides suppress the unfolded protein response. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9528. [PMID: 33947921 PMCID: PMC8097017 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89074-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) controls protein homeostasis through transcriptional and translational regulation. However, dysregulated UPR signaling has been associated with the pathogenesis of many human diseases. Therefore, the compounds modulating UPR may provide molecular insights for these pathologies in the context of UPR. Here, we screened small-molecule compounds that suppress UPR, using a library of Myanmar wild plant extracts. The screening system to track X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) splicing activity revealed that the ethanol extract of the Periploca calophylla stem inhibited the inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1)-XBP1 pathway. We isolated and identified periplocin as a potent inhibitor of the IRE1-XBP1 axis. Periplocin also suppressed other UPR axes, protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6). Examining the structure–activity relationship of periplocin revealed that cardiac glycosides also inhibited UPR. Moreover, periplocin suppressed the constitutive activation of XBP1 and exerted cytotoxic effects in the human multiple myeloma cell lines, AMO1 and RPMI8226. These results reveal a novel suppressive effect of periplocin or the other cardiac glycosides on UPR regulation, suggesting that these compounds will contribute to our understanding of the pathological or physiological importance of UPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneshige Tokugawa
- Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Yasumichi Inoue
- Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan. .,Department of Innovative Therapeutic Sciences, Cooperative Major in Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan.
| | - Kan'ichiro Ishiuchi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Chisane Kujirai
- Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Michiyo Matsuno
- The Kochi Prefectural Makino Botanical Garden, Kochi, 781-8125, Japan
| | - Masaki Ri
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Yuka Itoh
- Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Chiharu Miyajima
- Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan.,Department of Innovative Therapeutic Sciences, Cooperative Major in Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Daisuke Morishita
- Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan.,Chordia Therapeutics Inc., Kanagawa, 251-0012, Japan
| | - Nobumichi Ohoka
- Division of Molecular Target and Gene Therapy Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Iida
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Hajime Mizukami
- The Kochi Prefectural Makino Botanical Garden, Kochi, 781-8125, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Makino
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Hayashi
- Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan. .,Department of Innovative Therapeutic Sciences, Cooperative Major in Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan.
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Yun W, Qian L, Yuan R, Xu H. Periplocymarin protects against myocardial fibrosis induced by β-adrenergic activation in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111562. [PMID: 33839492 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Periplocymarin is an effective component of Periplocae Cortex, which was wildly used as an ingredient in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Our group previously reported that periplocymarin exerted cardiotonic role via promoting calcium influx. However, its exact role in the pathogenesis of myocardial fibrosis has not been elucidated yet. The present study was aimed at determining the potential effect and underlying mechanism of periplocymarin in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial fibrosis. C57BL/6 mice were subcutaneously injected with ISO (5 mg/kg/day) or saline for 1 week. The early-to-atrial wave ratio (E/A ratio) measured by echocardiography revealed that ISO-induced heart stiffness was remarkably reversed by administration of periplocymarin (5 mg/kg/day). Masson trichrome staining exhibited that treatment of periplocymarin reduced the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). Further investigations employing real-time PCR and western blot demonstrated that periplocymarin suppressed the expression of fibrosis related genes (Col1a1, Col3a1, Acta2 and Tgfb1) and proteins (Collagen I, Collagen III, α-SMA and TGF-β1) induced by ISO. Metabolomics analysis demonstrated that periplocymarin ameliorated the disorders triggered by ISO and many of the differential metabolic substances were involved in amino acid, glucose and lipid metabolism. Further analysis using network pharmacology revealed that three key genes, namely NOS2, NOS3 and Ptgs2, may be the potential targets of periplocymarin and responsible for the disorders. Validation using heart tissues showed that the mRNA expression of NOS3 was decreased while Ptgs2 was increased upon ISO treatment, which were reversed by periplocymarin. Moreover, the expression of COX-2 (Ptgs2 encoded protein) was consistent with the aspect of Ptgs2 mRNA, while eNOS (NOS3 encoded protein) expression was unchanged. In vitro studies exhibited that periplocymarin exerts anti-fibrotic function via regulating at least eNOS and COX-2 in cardiomyocyte. Taken together, periplocymarin protects against myocardial fibrosis induced by β-adrenergic activation, the potential mechanism was that periplocymarin targeted on, at least eNOS and COX-2, to improve the metabolic processes of cardiomyocyte and thus attenuated the myocardial fibrosis. Our study highlighted that periplocymarin is a potential therapeutic agent for the prevention of myocardial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijing Yun
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Lei Qian
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Ruqiang Yuan
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Hu Xu
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
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Li T, Zhang J, Ma S, Gao L, Chen C, Ji Z, Hu Z, Shi B, Wu W. Identification and mechanism of insecticidal periplocosides from the root bark of Periploca sepium Bunge. Pest Manag Sci 2021; 77:1925-1935. [PMID: 33300234 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Periploca sepium bark root (PSBR) has been regarded as a potential botanical insecticide because of its significant insecticidal activity of secondary metabolites. Several periplocosides were isolated from it as promising pesticides to control crop pests in agriculture. RESULTS In our research, two new periplocosides, along with four known periplocosides were isolated from PSBR. The names of new periplocosides were periplocoside T (PST) and periplocoside U (PSU) while another four periplocosides were known as follows: periplocoside A (PSA), periplocoside F (PSF), periplocoside E (PSE) and periplocoside D (PSD). All periplocosides were evalulated for insecticidal activity against 3rd Mythimna separata (Walker) and Plutella xylostella. The biometric data showed that periplocoside T, PSD and PSF had remarkable insecticidal activity against tested insects. Its values of LD50 were 1.31, 3.94 and 3.42 μg·lavare-1 against 3rd M. separata respectively, while the activity of those compounds against 3rd P. xylostella were 5.45, 12.17 and 13.95 μg·lavare-1 , respectively. It was apparent after further study of the mechanism of action against M. separata was conducted that PST possessed the most significant insecticidal activity. The results of enzymatic activity displayed that powerful activation of tryptase, especially weak alkaline tryptase might be a dominant factor causing death of M. separata in vivo. CONCLUSION We herein report isolation and the mechanisms of action of insecticidal periplocosides, which established the fundamental development of natural agents to prevent pest damage to crops. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Li
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jiwen Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory Research & Development on Botanical Pesticide, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Shichuang Ma
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Lvtong Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory Research & Development on Botanical Pesticide, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Cuicui Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory Research & Development on Botanical Pesticide, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhiqin Ji
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory Research & Development on Botanical Pesticide, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhaonong Hu
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory Research & Development on Botanical Pesticide, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Baojun Shi
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory Research & Development on Botanical Pesticide, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wenjun Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory Research & Development on Botanical Pesticide, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
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Dembitsky VM, Ermolenko E, Savidov N, Gloriozova TA, Poroikov VV. Antiprotozoal and Antitumor Activity of Natural Polycyclic Endoperoxides: Origin, Structures and Biological Activity. Molecules 2021; 26:686. [PMID: 33525706 PMCID: PMC7865715 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic endoperoxides are rare natural metabolites found and isolated in plants, fungi, and marine invertebrates. The purpose of this review is a comparative analysis of the pharmacological potential of these natural products. According to PASS (Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances) estimates, they are more likely to exhibit antiprotozoal and antitumor properties. Some of them are now widely used in clinical medicine. All polycyclic endoperoxides presented in this article demonstrate antiprotozoal activity and can be divided into three groups. The third group includes endoperoxides, which show weak antiprotozoal activity with a reliability of up to 70%, and this group includes only 1.1% of metabolites. The second group includes the largest number of endoperoxides, which are 65% and show average antiprotozoal activity with a confidence level of 70 to 90%. Lastly, the third group includes endoperoxides, which are 33.9% and show strong antiprotozoal activity with a confidence level of 90 to 99.6%. Interestingly, artemisinin and its analogs show strong antiprotozoal activity with 79 to 99.6% confidence against obligate intracellular parasites which belong to the genera Plasmodium, Toxoplasma, Leishmania, and Coccidia. In addition to antiprotozoal activities, polycyclic endoperoxides show antitumor activity in the proportion: 4.6% show weak activity with a reliability of up to 70%, 65.6% show an average activity with a reliability of 70 to 90%, and 29.8% show strong activity with a reliability of 90 to 98.3%. It should also be noted that some polycyclic endoperoxides, in addition to antiprotozoal and antitumor properties, show other strong activities with a confidence level of 90 to 97%. These include antifungal activity against the genera Aspergillus, Candida, and Cryptococcus, as well as anti-inflammatory activity. This review provides insights on further utilization of polycyclic endoperoxides by medicinal chemists, pharmacologists, and the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery M. Dembitsky
- Centre for Applied Research, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Lethbridge College, 3000 College Drive South, Lethbridge, AB T1K 1L6, Canada;
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, 17 Palchevsky Str., 690041 Vladivostok, Russia;
| | - Ekaterina Ermolenko
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, 17 Palchevsky Str., 690041 Vladivostok, Russia;
| | - Nick Savidov
- Centre for Applied Research, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Lethbridge College, 3000 College Drive South, Lethbridge, AB T1K 1L6, Canada;
| | - Tatyana A. Gloriozova
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Pogodinskaya Str., 119121 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.G.); (V.V.P.)
| | - Vladimir V. Poroikov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Pogodinskaya Str., 119121 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.G.); (V.V.P.)
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Shao XC, Chen ZH, Liu SS, Wu F, Mu HY, Wei WH, Feng Y, Zuo JP, Zhang JQ, He SJ, Zhao WM. Minor immunosuppressive spiroorthoester group-containing pregnane glycosides from the root barks of Periploca sepium. Bioorg Chem 2021; 108:104641. [PMID: 33517004 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
LC-MS guided chemical investigation of the periploside-rich extract of the root barks of Periploca sepium afforded six new minor pregnane glycosides, named periplosides A1-A6 (1-6). Their structures were characterized on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis. Compounds 1-6 were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes in vitro, among them, compound 5 exhibited significant inhibitory activities and the most favorite selective index (SI) values against the proliferation of T lymphocyte (IC50 = 0.30 μM, SI = 176) and B lymphocyte (IC50 = 0.55 μM, SI = 97).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Cheng Shao
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Hua Chen
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang-Shuang Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Yan Mu
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Hui Wei
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Feng
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ping Zuo
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Quan Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shi-Jun He
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei-Min Zhao
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.
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Yun W, Qian L, Cheng Y, Tao W, Yuan R, Xu H. Periplocymarin Plays an Efficacious Cardiotonic Role via Promoting Calcium Influx. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1292. [PMID: 32973521 PMCID: PMC7466735 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Periplocymarin, which belongs to cardiac glycosides, is an effective component extracted from Periplocae Cortex. However, its cardiovascular effects remain unidentified. In the present study, injection of periplocymarin (5 mg/kg) through external jugular vein immediately increased the mean arterial pressure (MAP) in anesthetized C57BL/6 mice. Ex vivo experiments using mouse mesenteric artery rings were conducted to validate the role of periplocymarin on blood vessels. However, periplocymarin failed to induce vasoconstriction directly, and had no effects on vasoconstriction induced by phenylephrine (Phe) and angiotensin II (Ang II). In addition, vasodilatation induced by acetylcholine (Ach) was insusceptible to periplocymarin. Echocardiography was used to evaluate the effects of periplocymarin on cardiac function. The results showed that the injection of periplocymarin significantly increase the ejection fraction (EF) in mice without changing the heart rate. In vitro studies using isolated neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) revealed that periplocymarin transiently increased the intracellular Ca2+ concentration observed by confocal microscope. But in Ca2+-free buffer, this phenomenon vanished. Besides, inhibition of sodium potassium-activated adenosine triphosphatase (Na+-K+-ATPase) by digoxin significantly suppressed the increase of MAP and EF in mice, and the influx of Ca2+ in cardiomyocytes, mediated by periplocymarin. Collectively, these findings demonstrated that periplocymarin increased the contractility of myocardium by promoting the Ca2+ influx of cardiomyocytes via targeting on Na+-K+-ATPase, which indirectly led to the instantaneous rise of blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijing Yun
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lei Qian
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yanyan Cheng
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Weiwei Tao
- College of Nursing, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ruqiang Yuan
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hu Xu
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Feng Y, Wan J, Chen B, Zhu Y, Firempong CK, Feng C, Imai T, Xu X, Yu J. In Vitro Metabolic Profiling of Periplogenin in Rat Liver Microsomes and its Associated Enzyme-kinetic Evaluation. CURR PHARM ANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412915666190101101710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Periplogenin, an active ingredient in Cortex Periplocae, is widely noted for its
multiple biological activities; however, the metabolism of this compound has been scarcely investigated.
The present report proposed the in vitro metabolic profiling and reaction pathways of periplogenin in rat
liver microsomes.
Method and Results:
The metabolites of periplogenin in rat liver microsomes were analyzed. Two main
metabolites, namely 14-hydroxy-3-oxo-14β-carda-4, 20 (22)-dienolide and 5, 14-dihydroxy-3-oxo-5β,
14β-card-20(22)-enolide were identified by HPLC-MSn, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. HPLC method was
established for the simultaneous determination of periplogenin and its related metabolites (M0, M1 and
M2), which was performed on Waters ODS column with a methanol-water solution (53:47, v/v) as mobile
phase and descurainoside as an internal standard at 220 nm. The linearity ranges of M0, M1 and
M2 were 0.64-820.51, 0.68-864.86 and 0.64-824.74 μM respectively with the regression coefficient
(R2) above 0.9995. The limits of quantitation for these metabolites (M0, M1 and M2) were 0.18, 0.22
and 0.15 μM respectively. The developed method was also accurate (with relative errors of -3.6% to
3.2%) and precise (with relative standard deviations below 7.9%). The recoveries of the three analytes
were above 85.7% with stability in the range of -2.4% to 3.6%. The enzyme-kinetic parameters of
periplogenin including Vmax (6.08 ± 0.19 nmol/mg protein/min), Km (288.62 ± 14.54 μM) and Clint
(21 ± 1.0 μL/min/mg protein) were calculated using nonlinear regression analysis.
Conclusion:
These findings significantly highlighted the metabolic pathways of periplogenin and also
provided some reference data for future pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingshu Feng
- Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jinyi Wan
- Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Baoding Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Yuan Zhu
- Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Caleb Kesse Firempong
- Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Chunlai Feng
- Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Teruko Imai
- Department of Metabolism-based Drug Design and Delivery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 0e-honmachi, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Ximing Xu
- Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jiangnan Yu
- Center for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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Huang M, Shen S, Luo C, Ren Y. Genus Periploca (Apocynaceae): A Review of Its Classification, Phytochemistry, Biological Activities and Toxicology. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24152749. [PMID: 31362394 PMCID: PMC6696197 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24152749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Periploca belongs to the family Apocynaceae, which is composed of approximately ten species of plants according to incomplete statistics. Most of these plants serve as folk medicines with a long history, especially Periploca sepium and Periploca forrestii. The botanical classifications, chemical constituents, biological activities and toxicities of the genus Periploca were summarized in the literature from 1897 to early 2019. Though the botanical classification of this genus is controversial, these species are well-known to be rich sources of diverse and complex natural products-above all, cardiac steroids and C21 pregnane steroids with special structures and obvious pharmacological activities. The various crude extracts and 314 isolated metabolites from this genus have attracted much attention in intensive biological studies, indicating that they are equipped with cardiotonic, anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, antitumor, antimicrobial, antioxidant, insecticidal and other properties. It is noteworthy that some cardiac glycosides showed hepatotoxicity and cardiotoxicity at certain doses. Therefore, in view of the medical and agricultural value of the genus Periploca, in-depth investigations of the pharmacology in vivo, the mechanisms of biological actions, and the pharmacokinetics of the active ingredients should be carried out in the future. Moreover, in order to ensure the safety of clinical medication, the potential toxicities of cardiac glycosides or other compounds should also be paid attention. This systematic review provides an important reference base for applied research on pharmaceuticals and pesticides from this genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjin Huang
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Propagation and Cultivation on Medicinal Plants of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China.
| | - Shoumao Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Yancheng Teachers' University, Yancheng 224002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunli Luo
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Propagation and Cultivation on Medicinal Plants of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Yan Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
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Abstract
Pregnane glycosides constitute a class of compounds widely distributed in the plant kingdom. Many of them have shown either anticarcinogenic or cancer inhibitory properties, besides other useful biological activities. New chromatographic techniques and advances in spectroscopic and spectrometric methods have accelerated the purification and structure determination of novel glycosides of this series. A compilation of the pregnane glycosides isolated from 1995 until the middle of 2005, along with their physical data, structures and occurrence are presented in this review, which also summarizes, with suitable examples, recent developments in isolation and purification techniques, and structural elucidation using modern spectrometric methods like ESIMS and tandem mass spectrometry, and 2D NMR spectroscopic strategies. The reported anticancer and other biological activities of pregnane glycosides are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilendu Panda
- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S C Mullick Road Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Sukdeb Banerjee
- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S C Mullick Road Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Nirup B. Mandal
- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S C Mullick Road Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Niranjan P. Sahu
- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S C Mullick Road Kolkata 700 032, India
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Qin JJ, Lin ZM, Xu YS, Ren JW, Zuo JP, Zhao WM. Spiroorthoester group-containing pregnane glycosides from the root barks of Periploca chrysantha and their inhibitory activities against the proliferation of B and T lymphocytes. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:330-333. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Abstract
This review focuses on all known natural products that contain a "heteroatom-rich" ring system, specifically a five-, six- or seven-membered ring that contains three or more heteroatoms. The isolation and biological activity of these natural products is discussed, along with the biosynthetic processes that Nature employs to assemble these rare heterocyclic frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma K Davison
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland , 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan Sperry
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland , 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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Kim WK, Bach DH, Ryu HW, Oh J, Park HJ, Hong JY, Song HH, Eum S, Bach TT, Lee SK. Cytotoxic activities of Telectadium dongnaiense and its constituents by inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Phytomedicine 2017; 34:136-142. [PMID: 28899495 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is a potential target for the treatment of human colon cancer. Thus, the inhibitory effects of various plant extracts on cell proliferation and Wnt signal transduction were evaluated to discover a Wnt signaling inhibitor. PURPOSE The present study aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity involved in Wnt pathway of the MeOH extract from Telectadium dongnaiense bark (TDB) and to identify its bioactive constituents by bioassay-guided fractionation. METHODS The sulforhodamine B-based proliferation assay and the β-catenin/TCF-responsive reporter gene assay were employed as screening systems. The isolation and identification of compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods. Inhibitory effects on the expression levels of Wnt target genes were determined by real-time PCR and western blotting. RESULTS The extract of TDB most strongly inhibited cell proliferation and TOPflash activity (IC50 = 1.5 and 2.0 µg/ml), which was correlated with its inhibitory effects on the expression of Wnt target genes. Three major compounds were isolated from bioactive fractions and were identified as 1,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid (1), quercetin 3-rutinoside (2), and periplocin (3). Only compound 3 showed anti-proliferative activity (IC50 = 0.06 µM) and exhibited Wnt signaling inhibitory effects in HCT116 colon cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS This study contributes to understanding the cytotoxic properties of TDB extract and its constituents and provides a potent strategy for its further application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Kyung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Duc-Hiep Bach
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Won Ryu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jedo Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyen Joo Park
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk-Hwan Song
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmi Eum
- International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Tran The Bach
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Sciences and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Sang Kook Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Wang LY, Qin JJ, Chen ZH, Zhou Y, Tang W, Zuo JP, Zhao WM. Absolute Configuration of Periplosides C and F and Isolation of Minor Spiro-orthoester Group-Containing Pregnane-type Steroidal Glycosides from Periploca sepium and Their T-Lymphocyte Proliferation Inhibitory Activities. J Nat Prod 2017; 80:1102-1109. [PMID: 28294615 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Further phytochemical investigation of the root bark of Periploca sepium afforded nine new spiro-orthoester group-containing pregnane-type glycosides termed periplosides O-V and 3-O-formyl-periploside A. The structures of these glycosides along with the absolute configuration of the unique seven-membered formyl acetal-bridged spiro-orthoester function and the 4,6-dideoxy-3-O-methyl-Δ3-2-hexosulosyl moiety were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data interpretation and chemical transformation. The absolute configurations of the major compounds periplosides C and F were established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against the proliferation of T-lymphocytes. As a result, periploside C, the most abundant glycoside containing a spiro-orthoester moiety found in the plant, exhibited the most favorite selective index value (SI = 82.5). The length and constitution of the saccharide chain in the periplosides were found to influence the inhibitory activity and the SI value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luo-Yi Wang
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Jun Qin
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Hua Chen
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ping Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Min Zhao
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
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14
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Li Y, Li J, Zhou K, He J, Cao J, An M, Chang YX. A Review on Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Cortex Periplocae. Molecules 2016; 21:E1702. [PMID: 27973416 PMCID: PMC6272874 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21121702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cortex Periplocae, as a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has been widely used for autoimmune diseases, especially rheumatoid arthritis. Due to its potential pharmaceutical values, more studies about the biological activities of Cortex Periplocae have been conducted recently. Meanwhile, the adverse reaction of Cortex Periplocae is not a negligible problem in clinic. In this article, we reviewed a series of articles and summarized the recent studies of Cortex Periplocae in the areas of phytochemistry and pharmacology. More than 100 constituents have been isolated and identified from Cortex Periplocae, including steroids, cardiac glycosides, terpenoids, and fatty acid compounds. The crude extracts of Cortex Periplocae and its active compounds exhibit various biological activities, such as cardiotonic effect, anticancer action, and anti-inflammatory effect. This paper aims to provide an overall review on the bioactive ingredients, pharmacological effect, and toxicity of this plant. Furthermore, this review suggests investigating and developing new clinical usages according to the above pharmacological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Jin Li
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Kun Zhou
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Jun He
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Jun Cao
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China.
| | - Mingrui An
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Yan-Xu Chang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.
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15
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Yan K, Wang X, Jia Y, Chu Y, Guan X, Ma X, Li W, Pan G, Zhou S, Sun H, Liu C. Quantitative determination of periplocymarin in rat plasma and tissue by LC-MS/MS: application to pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution study. Biomed Chromatogr 2016; 30:1195-201. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaijing Yan
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Tianjin 300193 China
- Tasly Academy; Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd.; Tianjin 300410 China
| | - Xiangyang Wang
- Tasly Academy; Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd.; Tianjin 300410 China
| | - Yumeng Jia
- Tasly Academy; Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd.; Tianjin 300410 China
| | - Yang Chu
- Tasly Academy; Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd.; Tianjin 300410 China
| | - Xiufeng Guan
- Tasly Academy; Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd.; Tianjin 300410 China
| | - Xiaohui Ma
- Tasly Academy; Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd.; Tianjin 300410 China
| | - Wei Li
- Tasly Academy; Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd.; Tianjin 300410 China
| | - Guixiang Pan
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Tianjin 300193 China
| | - Shuiping Zhou
- Tasly Academy; Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd.; Tianjin 300410 China
| | - He Sun
- Tasly Academy; Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd.; Tianjin 300410 China
| | - Changxiao Liu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics; Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research; Tianjin 300193 China
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16
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Abstract
The most recent achievements of gold catalysed transformations applied in total synthesis of natural products are reviewed and analysed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pflästerer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
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17
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Zhang X, Zhou Y, Zuo J, Yu B. Total synthesis of periploside A, a unique pregnane hexasaccharide with potent immunosuppressive effects. Nat Commun 2015; 6:5879. [PMID: 25600477 PMCID: PMC4309423 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Periploside A is a pregnane hexasaccharide identified from the Chinese medicinal plant Periploca sepium, which features a unique seven-membered formyl acetal bridged orthoester (FABO) motif and potent immunosuppressive activities. Here, we show the synthesis of this molecule in a total of 76 steps with the longest linear sequence of 29 steps and 9.2% overall yield. The FABO motif is constructed via a combination of Sinaÿ's and Crich's protocol for the formation of orthoester and acetal glycosides, respectively. The 2-deoxy-β-glycosidic linkages are assembled stereoselectively with judicious choice of the glycosylation methods. The epimer at the spiro-quaternary carbon in the FABO motif has also been elaborated in a stereo-controlled manner. This epimer, as well as the synthetic analogues bearing the FABO motif, retain largely the inhibitory activities of periploside A against the proliferation of T-lymphocyte, indicating the importance of the chemical connection of the FABO motif to their immunosuppressive activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jianping Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Biao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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18
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Abdel-Monem AR, Kandil ZA, Abdel-Naim AB, Abdel-Sattar E. A new triterpene and protective effect of Periploca somaliensis Browicz fruits against CCl₄-induced injury on human hepatoma cell line (Huh7). Nat Prod Res 2014; 29:423-9. [PMID: 25179815 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.950960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The potential hepatoprotective effect of the methanolic extract of Periploca somaliensis Browicz fruits, its different fractions (n-hexane, chloroform and n-butanol) and the major isolated compound ursolic acid was evaluated using the human hepatoma cell line (Huh7) based on the changes in the activity of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transaminase, glutathione and superoxide dismutase. Each sample was tested at three different concentrations (1000, 100 and 10 μg/mL). All tested samples exhibited a potent concentration-independent cytoprotective effect relative to silymarin as a reference standard. Chromatographic fractionation of the chloroform-soluble fraction of the methanol extract of P. somaliensis Browicz fruits afforded two known triterpenes, namely ursolic acid, and 11α,12α-epoxy-3β-hydroxy-olean-13β,28-olide, and a newly discovered one, namely 3β-hydroxy-urs-11-en-13β,28-olide. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by the analysis of 1D and 2D NMR spectral data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza R Abdel-Monem
- a Department of Pharmacognosy , Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University , 11562 Cairo , Egypt
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19
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Abstract
This review covers the structures and biological activities of peroxy natural products from a wide variety of terrestrial fungi, higher plants, and marine organisms. Syntheses that confirm or revise structures or stereochemistries have also been included, and 406 references are cited. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ze Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Science, Tianjin, 300308 China
| | - Ji-Kai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 China
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20
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Li Y, Zeng XN. Effects of periplocoside X on midgut cells and digestive enzymes activity of the soldiers of red imported fire ant. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2013; 93:1-6. [PMID: 23602453 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The pathological effects of ingested periplocoside X, an insecticidal component isolated from the root of Periploca sepium Bunge, on the midgut epithelial cells of the soldiers of red imported fire ant were studied and the symptom was described. The results showed that periplocoside X could induce a severe, time-dependent cytotoxicity in the midgut epithelial cells. An optical microscopy showed that epithelial cells swelled firstly and then lysed. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that numerous swollen lysosomes were appeared, microvilli were disrupted and sloughed off, and the numbers of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the mitochondria decreased sharply in earlier stage. Numerous vacuoles were observed in the later stage. Finally, periplocoside X resulted in cell death by cytolysis. Assay of main three digestive enzymes activity indicated that amylase activity was significantly inhibited, but no significant changes were seen for lipase activity and total protease activity. So it is suggested that periplocoside X induced mainly to organic damage of midgut epithelium cells of insect. In all, insect midgut is one of targets for periplocoside X.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
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21
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Zhang MS, Bang IS, Park CB. Lack of Mutagenicity Potential of Periploca sepium Bge. in Bacterial Reverse Mutation (Ames) Test, Chromosomal Aberration and Micronucleus Test in Mice. Environ Health Toxicol 2012; 27:e2012014. [PMID: 22888473 PMCID: PMC3412258 DOI: 10.5620/eht.2012.27.e2012014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The root barks of Periploca sepium Bge. (P. sepium) has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for healing wounds and treating rheumatoid arthritis. However, toxicity in high-doses was often diagnosed by the presence of many glycosides. The potential mutagenicity of P. sepium was investigated both in vitro and in vivo. METHODS This was examined by the bacterial reverse mutation (Ames) test using Escherichia coli WP2uvrA and Salmonella typhimurium strains, such as TA98, TA100, TA1535, and TA1537. Chromosomal aberrations were investigated using Chinese hamster lung cells, and the micronucleus test using mice. RESULTS P. sepium did not induce mutagenicity in the bacterial test or chromosomal aberrations in Chinese hamster lung cells, although metabolic activation and micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes were seen in the mice bone marrow cells. CONCLUSIONS Considering these results, it is suggested that P. sepium does not have mutagenic potential under the conditions examined in each study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - In-Seok Bang
- Department of Biological Science and the Research Institute for Basic Sciences, Hoseo University, Asan, Korea
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Li Y, Zeng XN, Wang WZ, Luo CH, Yan Q, Tian M. Chemical constituents from the roots of Periploca sepium with insecticidal activity. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2012; 14:811-816. [PMID: 22694138 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2012.691880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Five compounds were isolated from the root powder of Periploca sepium. By mainly HR-ESI-MS, (1)H, (13)C, and 2D NMR spectral data, they were characterized as periplocoside X (1), oligasaccharide A (2), periplocoside A (3), periplocoside E (4), and periplocoside N (5), respectively. Compounds 1-5 were found to possess insecticidal activities against the red imported fire ant. Among the compounds, periplocoside X showed significant activity with LD(50) values of 748.99, 116.62, 2169.58, and 3079.33mg/l against soldiers, workers, males, and alate females of red imported fire ant, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Chu SS, Jiang GH, Liu WL, Liu ZL. Insecticidal activity of the root bark essential oil ofPeriploca sepiumBunge and its main component. Nat Prod Res 2012; 26:926-32. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2010.534991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Wang LY, Chen ZH, Zhou Y, Tang W, Zuo JP, Zhao WM. Structural revision of periplocosides and periperoxides, natural immunosuppressive agents from the genus Periploca. Phytochemistry 2011; 72:2230-2236. [PMID: 21843896 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Revised: 07/05/2011] [Accepted: 07/19/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The structures of a series of peroxy function containing pregnane glycosides isolated from Periploca sepium and Periploca forrestii were revised to be orthoester group bearing ones using 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques, as well as chemical transformations and X-ray crystallographic diffraction analysis. The orthoester function appears to be an essential structural feature for immunosuppressive activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luo-Yi Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
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Feng J, Zhao W. Complete 1H and 13C NMR assignments of four new oligosaccharides and two new glycosides from Periploca forrestii. Magn Reson Chem 2009; 47:701-705. [PMID: 19402023 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Four new oligosaccharides (1-4), one new pregnane glycoside (5), and one new cardiac glycoside (6) were isolated from the roots of Periploca forrestii Schltr. (Asclepiadaceae), a traditional Chinese medicine used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and wounds. Their structures were characterized on the basis of extensive analysis of NMR (1H, 13C NMR, 1H-1H COSY, HSQC, HMBC, TOCSY and ROESY) spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaquan Feng
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
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Feng J, Zhang R, Zhou Y, Chen Z, Tang W, Liu Q, Zuo JP, Zhao W. Immunosuppressive pregnane glycosides from Periploca sepium and Periploca forrestii. Phytochemistry 2008; 69:2716-2723. [PMID: 18835000 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2008] [Revised: 05/30/2008] [Accepted: 08/21/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Nine pregnane glycosides containing peroxy functions in their sugar moieties (1-5 and 11-14), five oligosaccharides (6-10), six pregnane glycosides (15-20), and five cardiac glycosides (21-25) were isolated from the root barks of Periploca sepium Bge. (Asclepiadaceae) and the roots of Periploca forrestii Schltr. (Asclepiadaceae), two traditional Chinese medicines used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Among them, 1-8 are hitherto unknown. Their structures were characterized on the basis of spectroscopic analyses. In pharmacological testing, compounds 1-5 and 11-14 were found to exhibit inhibitory activity against the proliferation of T lymphocyte in vitro with IC50 values ranging from 0.29microM to 1.97microM, while the other components showed no significant inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaquan Feng
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
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Xie YS, Ren XL, Pan GX, Gao XM, Liu CX. The assessment of absorption of periplocin in situ via intestinal perfusion of rats by HPLC. Biomed Chromatogr 2008; 22:196-201. [PMID: 18059065 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Periplocin is an important compound of Cortex Periplocae, which shows poor absorption when administered orally. The effective intestinal permeability of periplocin was investigated using single-pass intestinal perfusion technique in male Wistar rats. SPIP was performed in rat jejunum. The samples of perfusate were collected at the designated time points after rat intestinal perfusion and analyzed by HPLC. The specificity of this method was demonstrated by the absence of interference of the drug peak with the intestinal sac artifacts and the components of the KRB solution. Recovery studies, as well as the intra-day and inter-day variations, were within statistical limits. This technique was applied to the study of the intestinal absorption of periplocin. The determined fraction absorbed (F(a)) of periplocin was 0.151 +/- 0.072 (n = 6) at a concentration of 6 microg/mL; the absorption rate constant (K(a)) was 0.0102 +/- 0.0039/min and the effective permeability coefficient (P(eff)) was 0.0021 +/- 0.0012 cm/min. These data suggest that periplocin has high permeability and might be absorbed in rat intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Sheng Xie
- Pharmacokinetics Laboratory of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Rd, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
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Sethi A, Maurya A, Tewari V, Srivastava S, Faridi S, Bhatia G, Khan MM, Khanna AK, Saxena JK. Expeditious and convenient synthesis of pregnanes and its glycosides as potential anti-dyslipidemic and anti-oxidant agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:4520-7. [PMID: 17485213 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2007] [Revised: 04/11/2007] [Accepted: 04/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A series of new pregnane derivatives and its glycosides were synthesized in order to find new 'leads' against some important targets. The 3beta-hydroxy-16alpha-(2-hydroxy ethoxy) pregn-5-en-20-one (5) was synthesized from 3beta-hydroxy-5,16-pregnadiene-20-one (2) by adopting general modified procedure using BF(3):Et(2)O as a catalyst. Reduction of 5, with sodium borohydride yielded 3beta,20beta-dihydroxy-16alpha-(2-hydroxy ethoxy) pregn-5-en (7) as the major isolable product. O-alkylation of the C-20-oxime-pregnadiene (9) with 1,5-dibromopentane yielded 20-(O-5-bromopentyl)-oximino-3beta-hydroxy-pregn-5,16-diene (11). Synthesis of C-16 substituted pregnane glycosides (20) and (21) were accomplished with the imidate method using BF(3):Et(2)O. The synthesis of 4-chlorobenzoate (3) and 2-chlorobenzoate (4), derivatives of 2 were also accomplished. These compounds were evaluated for their anti-dyslipidemic and anti-oxidant activity and amongst them compounds 3 and 7 showed more lipid lowering and anti-oxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Sethi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
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Abstract
Two novel pregnane glycosides, denicunine (1) and heminine (4), have been isolated from the dried stem of Hemidesmus indicus R.Br. (family: Asclepiadaceae). Chemical transformations and spectroscopic evidence viz: 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and FABMS are consistent with the structures calogenin 3-O-3-O-methyl-beta-D-fucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-O-beta-D-oleandropyranosi de and calogenin 3-O-beta-D-cymaropyranosyl-(1-->4)-O-beta-D-digitoxopyranoside+ ++, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sigler
- Department of Chemistry, Lucknow University, India
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Itokawa H, Takeya K, Hitotsuyanagi Y, Morita H. Anti Tumor Compounds Isolated from Higher Plants. Bioactive Natural Products (Part E). Elsevier; 2000. pp. 269-350. [DOI: 10.1016/s1572-5995(00)80048-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Affiliation(s)
- D Deepak
- Department of Chemistry, Lucknow University, India
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