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García-Ayllón MS, Botella-López A, Cuchillo-Ibañez I, Rábano A, Andreasen N, Blennow K, Ávila J, Sáez-Valero J. HNK-1 Carrier Glycoproteins Are Decreased in the Alzheimer's Disease Brain. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:188-199. [PMID: 26738850 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9644-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The human natural killer-1 (HNK-1), 3-sulfonated glucuronic acid, is a glycoepitope marker of cell adhesion that participates in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions and in neurite growth. Very little is known about the regulation of the HNK-1 glycan in neurodegenerative disease, particularly in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we investigate changes in the levels of HNK-1 carrier glycoproteins in AD. We demonstrate an overall decrease in HNK-1 immunoreactivity in glycoproteins extracted from the frontal cortex of AD subjects, compared with levels from non-demented controls (NDC). Immunoblotting of ventricular post-mortem and lumbar ante-mortem cerebrospinal fluid with HNK-1 antibodies indicate similar levels of carrier glycoproteins in AD and NDC samples. Decrease in HNK-1 carrier glycoproteins were not paralleled by changes in messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of the enzymes involved in the synthesis of the glycoepitope, β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (β4GalT), glucuronyltransferases GlcAT-P and GlcAT-S, or sulfotransferase HNK-1ST. Over-expression of amyloid precursor protein in Tg2576 transgenic mice and in vitro treatment of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells with the amyloidogenic Aβ42 peptide resulted in a decrease in HNK-1 immunoreactivity levels in brain and cellular extracts, whereas the levels of soluble HNK-1 glycoproteins detected in culture media were not affected by Aβ treatment. HNK-1 levels remain unaffected in the brain extracts of Tg-VLW mice, a model of mutant hyperphosphorylated tau, and in SH-SY5Y cells over-expressing hyperphosphorylated wild-type tau. These results provide evidence that cellular levels of HNK-1 carrier glycoforms are decreased in the brain of AD subjects, probably influenced by the β-amyloid protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- María-Salud García-Ayllón
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain. .,Unidad de Investigación, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, FISABIO, Elche, Spain.
| | - Arancha Botella-López
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Cuchillo-Ibañez
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain
| | - Alberto Rábano
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain.,Banco de Tejidos de la Fundación CIEN, CIEN Foundation, Carlos III Institute of Health, Alzheimer Center Reina Sofia Foundation, Madrid, Spain
| | - Niels Andreasen
- Karolinska Institute-Alzheimer Disease Research center, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Jesús Ávila
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain.,Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", Universidad, Autónoma de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Sáez-Valero
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain.
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CD57 expression in incidental, clinically manifest, and metastatic carcinoma of the prostate. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:356427. [PMID: 24977150 PMCID: PMC4054917 DOI: 10.1155/2014/356427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES CD57 is normally found on NK-cells, but little is known about its expression in prostatic tissue. METHODS We investigated CD57 expression by immunohistochemistry using tissue microarrays containing 3262 prostate cancers (PCa), lymph node metastases, and benign prostatic tissue. The results were compared with clinical and pathological parameters. RESULTS Overall, 87% of PCa showed a moderate or strong expression of CD57. There was no significant difference to corresponding benign prostatic tissue. CD57 was increasingly lost from incidental over clinically manifest cancers to metastases. It correlated significantly with Gleason grade and pT-category, but not with PSA tissue expression. Loss of CD57 expression was an independent risk factor for PSA recurrence after prostatectomy in a multivariate Cox regression analysis. In standard sections, CD57 expression was heterogeneous, especially in large, high-grade PCa. CONCLUSIONS There is a peculiar expression of CD57 in PCa and benign prostatic tissue. CD57 loss is associated with tumor dedifferentiation and tumor size. However, the use of this marker for prognostic purposes is hampered by its heterogeneous expression.
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Focosi D, Bestagno M, Burrone O, Petrini M. CD57+ T lymphocytes and functional immune deficiency. J Leukoc Biol 2009; 87:107-16. [PMID: 19880576 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0809566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
CD57(+) expression in T lymphocytes has been recognized for decades as a marker of in vitro replicative senescence. In recent years, accumulating evidences have pointed on the utility of this marker to measure functional immune deficiency in patients with autoimmune disease, infectious diseases, and cancers. We review here the relevant literature and implications in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Focosi
- Division of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Chiara, University of Pisa, via Roma, Pisa, Italy.
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Togayachi A, Akashima T, Ookubo R, Kudo T, Nishihara S, Iwasaki H, Natsume A, Mio H, Inokuchi J, Irimura T, Sasaki K, Narimatsu H. Molecular cloning and characterization of UDP-GlcNAc:lactosylceramide beta 1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (beta 3Gn-T5), an essential enzyme for the expression of HNK-1 and Lewis X epitopes on glycolipids. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:22032-40. [PMID: 11283017 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m011369200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A new member of the UDP-N-acetylglucosamine:beta-galactose beta1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (beta3Gn-T) family having the beta3Gn-T motifs was cloned from rat and human cDNA libraries and named beta3Gn-T5 based on its position in a phylogenetic tree. We concluded that beta3Gn-T5 is the most feasible candidate for lactotriaosylceramide (Lc(3)Cer) synthase, an important enzyme which plays a key role in the synthesis of lacto- or neolacto-series carbohydrate chains on glycolipids. beta3Gn-T5 exhibited strong activity to transfer GlcNAc to glycolipid substrates, such as lactosylceramide (LacCer) and neolactotetraosylceramide (nLc(4)Cer; paragloboside), resulting in the synthesis of Lc(3)Cer and neolactopentaosylceramide (nLc(5)Cer), respectively. A marked decrease in LacCer and increase in nLc(4)Cer was detected in Namalwa cells stably expressing beta3Gn-T5. This indicated that beta3Gn-T5 exerted activity to synthesize Lc(3)Cer and decrease LacCer, followed by conversion to nLc(4)Cer via endogenous galactosylation. The following four findings further supported that beta3Gn-T5 is Lc(3)Cer synthase. 1) The beta3Gn-T5 transcript levels in various cells were consistent with the activity levels of Lc(3)Cer synthase in those cells. 2) The beta3Gn-T5 transcript was presented in various tissues and cultured cells. 3) The beta3Gn-T5 expression was up-regulated by stimulation with retinoic acid and down-regulated with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in HL-60 cells. 4) The changes in beta3Gn-T5 transcript levels during the rat brain development were determined. Points 2, 3, and 4 were consistent with the Lc(3)Cer synthase activity reported previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Togayachi
- Division of Cell Biology, Institute of Life Science, Soka University, 1-236 Tangi-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-8577, Japan
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